1245917 五、發明說明（1) 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明是有關於一種吸波結構及其製造方法，且特別 是有關於一種三明治雷達吸波結構（s a n d w i c h r a d a r w a v e absorption structure)及其製造方 ° 先前技術 一般電磁波吸波結構可分為電場遮敝材料與磁場遮敵 材料兩大類，而電場遮蔽材料如金屬、導電性有機高分 子、導電性皮膜、導電性複合材（塑膠、橡膠）、導電性接 著劑、導電性表面處理等，磁場遮蔽材料則例如磁性材 料、磁性複合材、超導體等。另外，目前還有採用特殊的 金屬纖維與其他纖維混紡、織造而成具有抗電磁波、抗靜 電高效能之布料。此外，有的電磁波吸波結構則以有機奈 米複合材料，應用高分子滲布處理的製程技術，完成無毒 性的外表塗佈並改變各種材質，包括五金、塑膠、鎂、 鈦、紹合金及木材、陶竞等材料的原性，達到吸收電磁波 的功能。 然而，習知的各種吸收電磁波結構因為強度低，所以 只能貼附於結構體表面。因此，目前的電磁波吸波結構產 品將影響結構體的外型與增加重量。 發明内容 本發明的目的就是在提供一種三明治雷達吸波結構，· 可作為結構體之主結構或次結構件，承受結構應力。 本發明的再一目的就是在提供一種三明治雷達吸波結 構，以大幅提升產品壽命，且無維修問題。1245917 V. Description of the invention (1) Technical field to which the invention belongs The present invention relates to a wave absorbing structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a sandwich radar wave absorption structure and a manufacturing method thereof. General electromagnetic wave absorbing structures can be divided into two categories: electric field shielding materials and magnetic field shielding materials. Electric field shielding materials such as metals, conductive organic polymers, conductive films, conductive composite materials (plastic, rubber), Agents, conductive surface treatments, etc., and magnetic field shielding materials include magnetic materials, magnetic composite materials, and superconductors. In addition, there are currently special metal fibers blended and woven with other fibers to produce fabrics with high resistance to electromagnetic waves and static electricity. In addition, some electromagnetic wave absorbing structures use organic nanocomposite materials and apply polymer infiltration process technology to complete non-toxic exterior coating and change various materials, including hardware, plastic, magnesium, titanium, Shao alloy and The originality of materials such as wood and ceramics can absorb electromagnetic waves. However, the conventional various electromagnetic wave absorbing structures can only be attached to the surface of a structure because of their low strength. Therefore, the current electromagnetic wave absorbing structure products will affect the appearance of the structure and increase weight. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a sandwich radar absorbing structure, which can be used as a main structure or a sub-structure of a structural body to withstand structural stress. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sandwich radar wave absorbing structure to greatly improve product life without maintenance problems.
13298 twf.ptd 第9頁 1245917 五、發明說明（2) 本發明的另一目的就是在提供一種三明治雷達吸波結 構，適用結構形狀複雜零件以及需具吸收電磁波的結構物 與零件，以吸收環境場入射之電磁波，防止電磁干擾。 本發明的又一目的是提供一種三明治雷達吸波結構的 製造方法，具有製程簡易的優點。 本發明提出一種三明治雷達吸波結構，包括一碳纖维、 複材板、一電磁波反射層以及一中間夾心材。其中，碳纖 維複材板係由長纖碳纖維材料所組成’且長纖碳纖維材料 的導電度介於1 0—2〜1 Ο2 Ω · cm之間。而電磁波反射層係相 對於碳纖維複材板配置。中間夾心材則是位於碳纖維複材 板與電磁波反射層之間。 本發明提出一種三明治雷達吸波結構的製造方法，包 括先提供經穩定化處理之長纖碳纖維材料。之後，對碳纖 維材料進行一碳化處理，並控制碳化處理的溫度，以使處 理後之長纖碳纖維材料的導電度介於1 0_2〜1 Ο2 Ω · cm之 間。然後，將碳化處理後的長纖碳纖維材料含浸樹脂後成 為纖維補強樹脂之碳纖維複材板。接著，將前述碳纖維複 材板、一中間夾心材及一電磁波反射層組成三明治雷達吸 波結構。 本發明使用比強度（強度/密度）與比勁度（勁度/密度） 大的碳纖複材面板，組合成三明治結構之雷達吸波結構， 故可做為結構體之主結構或次結構件，以承受結構應力， 而且，產品壽命長、無維修問題。再者，本發明的技術可 開發寬頻吸波三明治結構，且適用結構形狀複雜零件，可13298 twf.ptd Page 9 1245917 V. Description of the invention (2) Another object of the present invention is to provide a sandwich radar wave absorbing structure, which is suitable for parts with complex structural shapes and structures and parts that need to absorb electromagnetic waves to absorb the environment. Electromagnetic waves incident on the field prevent electromagnetic interference. Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method of a sandwich radar absorbing structure, which has the advantage of simple manufacturing process. The invention provides a sandwich radar wave absorbing structure, which includes a carbon fiber, a composite material plate, an electromagnetic wave reflection layer, and an intermediate sandwich material. Among them, the carbon fiber composite material board is composed of long-fiber carbon fiber material ', and the conductivity of the long-fiber carbon fiber material is between 10 and 2 ~ 1 0 2 Ω · cm. The electromagnetic wave reflection layer is arranged relative to the carbon fiber composite board. The intermediate sandwich material is located between the carbon fiber composite sheet and the electromagnetic wave reflection layer. The invention provides a manufacturing method of a sandwich radar absorbing structure, which includes firstly providing a stabilized long-fiber carbon fiber material. After that, the carbon fiber material is subjected to a carbonization treatment, and the temperature of the carbonization treatment is controlled so that the conductivity of the treated long-fiber carbon fiber material is between 1 0_2 and 10 2 Ω · cm. Then, the carbon fiber-treated long-fiber carbon fiber material is impregnated with a resin to form a carbon fiber composite material sheet as a fiber-reinforced resin. Next, the aforementioned carbon fiber composite sheet, an intermediate sandwich material, and an electromagnetic wave reflection layer were combined to form a sandwich radar absorbing structure. The invention uses a carbon fiber composite material panel with a large specific strength (strength / density) and a specific stiffness (stiffness / density) to form a radar absorbing structure with a sandwich structure. To withstand structural stress, and the product has a long life and no maintenance problems. Furthermore, the technology of the present invention can develop a broadband absorbing sandwich structure, and is applicable to parts with complex structural shapes.
13298twf.ptd 第10頁 1245917 五、發明說明（3) 直接應用於需具吸收電磁波的結構物與零件，以吸收環境 場入射之電磁波，防止電磁干擾。另外，本發明僅需藉由 控制碳化處理的溫度，來控制碳化處理後之碳纖維材料的 導電度，並含浸樹脂後成為纖維補強樹脂之複合材料面 板，再與電磁波反射層以及中間夾心材組合成具特定功效 的三明治雷達吸波結構。 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯 易懂，下文特舉一較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細 說明如下。 實施方式 本發明主要是開發三明治型態之電磁波吸波結構體， 而其包含高強度的碳纖複材板，且靠電磁波入射面的材料 必須具有特定導電度，以控制其透波性。而本發明之吸波 結構的另一側為電磁波吸收層如導電度的石墨化纖維 板，中間的夾心材則是依不同厚度需求使用不同材質。以 下實施例係作為本發明的範例，以詳細說明本發明的具體 實例，然其並非用以限定本發明的應用範圍。 第一實施例 圖1是依照本發明之第一實施例的三明治雷達吸波結 構示意圖。請參照圖1 ，本實施例的三明治雷達吸波結構 1 0 0包括一碳纖複材板（如碳纖維補強樹脂之複合材料面 板）102、一電磁波反射層106以及一中間炎心材104，其中 碳纖複材板1 0 2是由一長纖碳纖維材料1 0 3所組成，而其中 的長纖碳纖維材料1 03的導電度介於1 0_2〜1 Ο2 Ω · cm之間，13298twf.ptd Page 10 1245917 V. Description of the invention (3) Directly applied to structures and parts that need to absorb electromagnetic waves to absorb electromagnetic waves incident on the environmental field and prevent electromagnetic interference. In addition, the present invention only needs to control the conductivity of the carbonized carbon fiber material after controlling the temperature of the carbonization treatment, and impregnate the resin to become a composite panel of fiber reinforced resin, and then combine it with the electromagnetic wave reflection layer and the intermediate sandwich material Sandwich radar absorbing structure with specific effect. In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, a preferred embodiment is given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments The present invention mainly develops a sandwich-type electromagnetic wave absorbing structure, which includes a high-strength carbon fiber composite material board, and the material relying on the electromagnetic wave incident surface must have a specific conductivity to control its wave permeability. The other side of the wave absorbing structure of the present invention is an electromagnetic wave absorbing layer such as a conductive graphitized fiberboard, and the middle sandwich material is made of different materials according to different thickness requirements. The following embodiments are examples of the present invention to describe specific examples of the present invention in detail, but they are not intended to limit the application scope of the present invention. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sandwich radar wave absorbing structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1. The sandwich radar absorbing structure 100 of this embodiment includes a carbon fiber composite material plate (such as a composite panel of carbon fiber reinforced resin) 102, an electromagnetic wave reflection layer 106, and an intermediate inflammatory heartwood 104. The carbon fiber composite material The material board 102 is composed of a long-fiber carbon fiber material 103, and the conductivity of the long-fiber carbon fiber material 103 is between 1 0_2 and 1 〇2 Ω · cm.
13298twf.ptd 第11頁 1245917 五、發明說明（4) 且其包括碳纖維布或單軸向纖維碳纖維等。碳纖複材板 1 0 2可以是前述碳纖維布等材料之單層或多層組合。此 外，碳纖複材板1 〇 2的透波性介於-1〜-6 d B。而電磁波反 射層1 0 6係相對於碳纖複材板1 〇 2配置，其中電磁波反射層 1 0 6譬如包括高導電性的石墨化纖維板或金屬薄板。中間 夾心材1 0 4則是位於碳纖維複材板1 〇 2與電磁波反射層1 0 4 之間，其中中間夾心材1 〇 4例如包括蜂巢芯材或玻璃纖維 複材板等，且其厚度d需考量電磁波與應力來設計；舉例 來說，如果需要厚度薄的三明治雷達吸波結構，則中間夾 心材1 0 4之材質可選擇高介電性材質。 請繼續參照圖1 ，當電磁波1 1 0入射至三明治雷達吸波 結構1 0 0時，首先會穿過碳纖維複材板1 0 2。由於碳纖複材 板1 02的透波性介於-1〜-6 dB，所以電磁波1 1 0會穿過碳纖 複材板1 0 2進入中間夾心材1 0 4，然後被電磁波反射層1 0 6 反射，而於三明治雷達吸波結構1 0 0中耗盡能量。而本實 施例最終形成的三明治雷達吸波結構1 0 0之吸收電磁波的 頻率例如介於0 . 5〜4 0 G Η z。 第二實施例 圖2是依照本發明之第二實施例的三明治雷達吸波結 構之製造流程步驟圖。 請參照圖2，本實施例之製程係先進行步驟2 0 0，提供 經穩定化處理之一長纖碳纖維材料，其中長纖碳纖維材料 包括碳纖維布或單軸向纖維碳纖維等。 然後，於步驟2 1 0中，對長纖碳纖維材料進行一碳化13298twf.ptd Page 11 1245917 V. Description of the invention (4) And it includes carbon fiber cloth or uniaxial fiber carbon fiber. The carbon fiber composite material board 102 may be a single layer or a combination of multiple layers of the aforementioned carbon fiber cloth and other materials. In addition, the carbon fiber composite sheet 102 has a wave permeability of -1 to -6 d B. The electromagnetic wave reflection layer 106 is disposed relative to the carbon fiber composite material board 102, and the electromagnetic wave reflection layer 106 includes, for example, a graphitized fiberboard or a metal sheet with high conductivity. The intermediate sandwich material 104 is located between the carbon fiber composite material plate 102 and the electromagnetic wave reflection layer 104, and the intermediate sandwich material 1104 includes, for example, a honeycomb core material or a glass fiber composite material plate, and the thickness d The electromagnetic wave and stress need to be considered for design; for example, if a thin-walled sandwich radar absorbing structure is required, the material of the middle sandwich material 104 can be selected from a high dielectric material. Please continue to refer to FIG. 1, when the electromagnetic wave 110 enters the sandwich radar absorbing structure 100, it will first pass through the carbon fiber composite board 102. Since the wave permeability of the carbon fiber composite material board 102 is between -1 and -6 dB, the electromagnetic wave 1 1 0 will pass through the carbon fiber composite material board 1 0 2 into the intermediate sandwich material 1 0 4 and then be reflected by the electromagnetic wave reflection layer 1 0 6 reflection, and exhaust energy in the sandwich radar absorbing structure 100. The frequency of the electromagnetic wave absorbing structure of the sandwich radar absorbing structure 100 finally formed in this embodiment is, for example, 0.5 to 40 G Η z. Second Embodiment FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of a sandwich radar absorbing structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the manufacturing process of this embodiment first performs step 200 to provide a stabilized long-fiber carbon fiber material, wherein the long-fiber carbon fiber material includes carbon fiber cloth or uniaxial fiber carbon fiber. Then, in step 210, carbonizing the long-fiber carbon fiber material is performed.
13298twf.ptd 第12頁 1245917 五、發明說明（5) 處理，並控制碳化處理的溫度，以使處理後之長纖碳纖維 結構材的導電度介於1 0 -2〜1 02 Ω · c m之間。而前述碳化處 理的溫度例如介於6 5 0 °C〜8 0 0 C。 接著，於步驟2 2 0中，將碳化處理後的長纖碳纖維材 料製成一碳纖維複材板。而製成碳纖維複材板的方法例如 將碳化處理後的長纖碳纖維材料含浸樹脂，以製成一纖維 補強樹脂複材板。這種破纖複材板之的透波性介於~~ 1 ^ 6 d B，而圖3即為經過圖2之步驟2 2 0處理後之碳纖複材板的 頻率與透波性（t r a n s m i s s i ο η )的關係圖，其係對石炭化溫度 分別為7 1 0 °C與7 1 5 °C的單層碳纖維複材板以及包含以上兩 種的雙層碳纖維複材板所作的量測分析。由圖3可知，本 實施例中的碳纖維複材板經特定碳化處理後，會使其透波 性改變。 接著，於步驟2 3 0中，將碳纖維複材板與一中間夾心 材及一電磁波反射層組成一三明治雷達吸波結構，其中碳 纖複維材板可以是單層或多層結構，而中間夾心材譬如包 括蜂巢芯材或玻璃纖維複材板。此外，當三明治雷達吸波 結構的厚度需較薄時，則中間央心材之材質可選擇高介電 性材質。而電磁波反射層則例如包括高導電性的石墨化纖 維或金屬薄板。藉由圖2之製程所得的三明治雷達吸波結 構吸收電磁波的頻率則是介於0 . 5〜4 0 G Η z。 為證明本發明之功效，請參考以下的量測分析圖。 圖4是依照本發明之一種三明治雷達吸波結構的頻率 與反射（r e f 1 e c t i ο η )的關係圖，其中的中間夾心材是2 m m13298twf.ptd Page 12 1245917 V. Description of the invention (5) Process and control the temperature of the carbonization process so that the conductivity of the treated long-fiber carbon fiber structural material is between 1 0 -2 ~ 1 02 Ω · cm . The temperature of the aforementioned carbonization treatment is, for example, between 65 ° C and 80 ° C. Next, in step 220, the carbonized long fiber carbon fiber material is made into a carbon fiber composite material board. The method for making a carbon fiber composite material board is, for example, impregnating a carbon fiber-treated long-fiber carbon fiber material with a resin to form a fiber-reinforced resin composite material board. The wave permeability of this fiber-reinforced composite sheet is between ~~ 1 ^ 6 d B, and Figure 3 is the frequency and wave permeability of the carbon fiber composite sheet after the step 2 2 0 treatment in Figure 2 (transmissi ο η), which is a measurement and analysis of single-layer carbon fiber composite panels with carbonization temperatures of 7 1 0 ° C and 7 1 5 ° C, and two-layer carbon fiber composite panels including the above two types . As can be seen from Fig. 3, the carbon fiber composite sheet in this embodiment is subjected to a specific carbonization treatment, and its wave permeability is changed. Next, in step 230, the carbon fiber composite material plate, an intermediate sandwich material, and an electromagnetic wave reflection layer are formed into a sandwich radar absorbing structure. The carbon fiber composite material plate may be a single-layer or multilayer structure, and the intermediate sandwich material Examples include honeycomb cores or fiberglass composite panels. In addition, when the thickness of the sandwich radar absorbing structure needs to be thin, the material of the central central core material can be selected from high dielectric materials. The electromagnetic wave reflection layer includes, for example, a highly conductive graphitized fiber or a metal sheet. The frequency of the electromagnetic wave absorbed by the sandwich radar absorbing structure obtained by the process of FIG. 2 is between 0.5 and 40 G Η z. To prove the effectiveness of the present invention, please refer to the following measurement analysis chart. Fig. 4 is a relationship diagram between frequency and reflection (r e f 1 e c t i ο η) of a sandwich radar absorbing structure according to the present invention, in which the middle sandwich material is 2 m m
13298twf.ptd 第13頁 1245917 五、發明說明（6) 的玻璃纖維複材板，而碳纖維複材板分別為單層碳纖維布 (碳化溫度為7 1 5 °C )與雙層碳纖維布（碳化溫度分別為7 1 0 °C與7 1 5 °C的單層碳纖維複材板）。由圖4可知，本發明的 三明治雷達吸波結構確實具有吸波功效。 此外，圖5是依照本發明之另一三明治雷達吸波結構 的頻率與反射的關係圖，其中的中間夾心材是3 / 1 6 π的蜂 巢芯材，而碳纖維複材板分別是碳化溫度各為7 1 0 °C與7 1 5 °C的單層碳纖維布以及包含以上兩種碳纖維布的雙層碳纖 維複材板。由圖5可知，本發明的三明治雷達吸波結構確 實具有吸波功效。 綜上所述，本發明之特點在於： 1 .本發明的結構包括比強度與比勁度大的碳纖複材板 及蜂巢芯材或玻璃纖維複材板，故完成的三明治雷達吸波 結構可做為結構體之主結構或次結構件，以承受結構應 力。 2 .本發明所完成的三明治雷達吸波結構為複合材料形 態，設計自由度高、耐腐蝕等特徵，所以產品壽命長、無 維修問題。 3 ·本發明的技術可開發寬頻吸波三明治結構，且適用 結構形狀複雜零件，可直接應用於需具吸收電磁波的結構 物與零件，吸收環場入射之電磁波，以防止電磁干擾。 4 ·本發明的製程僅需藉由控制碳化處理的溫度，來控 制碳化處理後之碳纖維補強材的導電度，並將其與電磁波 反射層以及中間夾心材組合，即可製作出具功效的三明治13298twf.ptd Page 13 1245917 V. Description of the invention (6) The glass fiber composite board, and the carbon fiber composite board are single-layer carbon fiber cloth (carbonization temperature of 7 1 5 ° C) and double-layer carbon fiber cloth (carbonization temperature) Single-layer carbon fiber composite panels of 7 1 0 ° C and 7 1 5 ° C). As can be seen from Fig. 4, the sandwich radar wave absorbing structure of the present invention does have a wave absorbing effect. In addition, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between frequency and reflection of another sandwich radar absorbing structure according to the present invention, in which the middle sandwich material is a honeycomb core material of 3/16 π, and the carbon fiber composite material plate is respectively the carbonization temperature It is a single-layer carbon fiber cloth of 7 1 0 ° C and 7 1 5 ° C and a double-layer carbon fiber composite board containing the above two types of carbon fiber cloth. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the sandwich radar wave absorbing structure of the present invention does have a wave absorbing effect. In summary, the features of the present invention are: 1. The structure of the present invention includes a carbon fiber composite material plate and a honeycomb core material or a glass fiber composite material plate having a high specific strength and specific stiffness, so the completed sandwich radar absorbing structure can be As the main structure or sub-structure of the structure, to withstand structural stress. 2. The sandwich radar absorbing structure completed by the present invention is in the form of a composite material, with high design freedom and corrosion resistance, so the product has a long service life and no maintenance problems. 3. The technology of the present invention can develop a broadband absorbing sandwich structure, and is applicable to parts with complex structural shapes. It can be directly applied to structures and parts that need to absorb electromagnetic waves, and absorb electromagnetic waves incident in the ring field to prevent electromagnetic interference. 4 · The process of the present invention only needs to control the conductivity of the carbonized carbon fiber reinforced material by controlling the temperature of the carbonization treatment, and combine it with the electromagnetic wave reflection layer and the intermediate sandwich material to produce a functional sandwich.
13298twf.ptd 第14頁 1245917 五、發明說明（7) 雷達吸波結構。因此，本發明還具有製程簡易的優點。 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以 限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神 和範圍内，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護 範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 ❿13298twf.ptd Page 14 1245917 V. Description of the invention (7) Radar absorbing structure. Therefore, the present invention also has the advantage of simple process. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention The scope of protection shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application. ❿
13298twf.ptd 第15頁 1245917 圖式簡單說明 圖1是依照本發明之第一實施例的三明治雷達吸波結 構示意圖。 圖2是依照本發明之第二實施例的三明治雷達吸波結 構之製造流程步驟圖。 圖3是經過圖2所示之步驟2 1 0處理後之碳纖維複合材 料面板的頻率與透波性的關係圖。 圖4是依照本發明之一種三明治雷達吸波結構的頻率 與反射的關係圖，其中的中間夾心材是玻璃纖維。。 圖5是依照本發明之另一三明治雷達吸波結構的頻率 與反射的關係圖’其中的中間夹心材是蜂巢芯材。 【圖式標示說明】 1 0 0 :三明治雷達吸波結構 1 0 2 :碳纖維複材板 1 0 3 :長纖碳纖維材料 1 0 4 :中間夾心材 106 :電磁波反射層 1 1 0 :電磁波 2 0 0、2 1 0、2 2 0、2 3 0 :步驟 d :厚度13298twf.ptd Page 15 1245917 Brief description of the drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sandwich radar absorbing structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of a sandwich radar absorbing structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequency and the wave permeability of the carbon fiber composite material panel after the step 2 10 shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between frequency and reflection of a sandwich radar absorbing structure according to the present invention, in which the middle sandwich material is glass fiber. . Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between frequency and reflection of another sandwich radar absorbing structure according to the present invention, wherein the intermediate sandwich material is a honeycomb core material. [Illustration of Graphical Symbols] 1 0 0: Sandwich radar absorbing structure 1 0 2: Carbon fiber composite material board 1 0 3: Long-fiber carbon fiber material 1 0 4: Intermediate sandwich material 106: Electromagnetic wave reflection layer 1 1 0: Electromagnetic wave 2 0 0, 2 1 0, 2 2 0, 2 3 0: Step d: Thickness
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