TWI243720B - Liquid crystal separation process for use in discarded flat panel display monito - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a liquid crystal separation process for use in discarded flat panel display monitor, particularly to one for placing the flat panel display device in a solution environment dissolved with surface active agents, where the surface active agents are used to release the liquid crystal. Event if the sheet glass substrates are stacked over each other, the immersion of water allows easy separation so as to reduce the bonding forces between the stacked sheets, and thus allowing further separation of the liquid crystal without the need of extensive heating but significantly increasing the separation efficiency and facilitating recycling of high quality material.

Description

1243720 五、發明說明（1) ' " --— 【發明所屬之技術領域] 本發明係關於一種蔽| α _ 蜃茱+面面板顯示器之液晶分離製 :二特別是指具液晶的平面顯示器置於溶有表面活性劑的 =環境中，由於液晶殘留會影響後續回罐呈，且脫除 =上附著的液晶材料是分離技術關鍵所在，制表面活 ^脫㈣晶，即使是4目疊成塊的片狀玻璃基板材料，因 二的沴入而易刀離，降低疊塊相黏的強度，進一步分離 “晶，不需要長時間加熱，加上水 =減少材質劣九化，如此，可大幅增加分離效率，且有助 於減少液晶污染之方法者。 【先前技術】 各種平面顯示技術比陰極射線管模式工作的顯示器性 月匕更好，便不斷的被開#巾& 、1243720 V. Description of the invention (1) '" --- [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal separation system of α_ dogwood + faceplate display: two especially refers to a flat panel display with liquid crystal Placed in the environment where the surfactant is dissolved, as the liquid crystal residue will affect the subsequent return to the tank, and the removal of the liquid crystal material attached to the surface is the key to the separation technology. The lumpy glass substrate material is easily cut off due to the intrusion of the two, which reduces the strength of the lamination, and further separates the "crystals, which does not require long-term heating, plus water = reduces the inferiority of the material, so, A method that can greatly increase separation efficiency and help reduce liquid crystal contamination. [Previous technology] Various flat display technologies are better than the monitor moonlights that work in the cathode ray tube mode, so they are constantly opened # 巾 &

LlqUld Crystal D, sp , 1 (^ ί F · · /iays)、场發射顯示器（FEDs，FieldLlqUld Crystal D, sp, 1 (^ ί F · · / iays), field emission displays (FEDs, Field

Em1Sslon Duplays)、電漿電視（pDps，piasmaEm1Sslon Duplays), plasma TV (pDps, piasma

Displays)等等。在這些平面顯示技術中，又 器可謂是技術最純熟且最並及 液日日”、、員不 擁有重量輕，省電，可莽二益_射乃入品。液晶顯示器 凡常貝的丰% ‘朮、無輻射及全彩色等優點，舉 书見的手钱、浯§翻譯機、數位相機 位助理（P D A、、黎々和丨& 辦〜钱、個人數 刀里W1M)、筆圮型電腦、甚至於桌上 :=晶：：器，。而依照其價格與實以Displays) and so on. Among these flat display technologies, the device is the most sophisticated technology and the most integrated technology. ", Staff members do not have light weight, save power, can be reckless. _ She is a product. % 'Technology, radiation-free, and full-color, etc., such as hand money, 翻译 § translators, digital camera assistants (PDA, Li, and 丨 & office ~ money, personal digital knife W1M), pen电脑 computers, even desktops: = 晶 :: 器, and according to its price and actual price

機上採用的扭轉型（TN，Twist Nematlc)aiim ；^手 ,Qnnpr τ . y 4 ~ 扭轉型（STNTwist Nematlc) aiim used on the machine; ^ hand, Qnnpr τ. Y 4 ~ Twist (STN

Super TWlst Nematic)，或是筆記型電腦與桌上顯示哭Super TWlst Nematic), or laptop and desktop display

第5頁 1243720 五、發明說明（2) 常用的薄膜電晶體型液晶顯示器（TFT —LCDs，Thin —FilmPage 5 1243720 V. Description of the invention (2) Commonly used thin film transistor liquid crystal displays (TFT — LCDs, Thin — Film)

TransistorLCDs)等 〇 液晶頒不器顧名思義就是利用液態晶體的光學特性來 ，到顯示的效果，只要把液態晶體灌入兩片抽完真空的玻 埚間，再加上電壓，並適當控制玻璃板間距，便能改變入 射光的偏轉特性，然而實際製作起來卻不簡單；目前最常 被報章媒體提到引用的大致有下列幾種：TN、STN、a-Si TFTs及p〇ly-Si TFTs，依驅動模式來看，可分為主動矩陣 式（Active Matrix)和被動矩陣式（Passive Matrix)兩種 ’ 一般的TN和STN型都是屬於後者，而目前引起國内廠商 投資熱潮的TFT型則是屬於前者。 液晶顯示面板簡單的内部結構包括其上下由兩塊透光 的玻璃基板包覆，内部包含了背光源（Back—i ight)、偏光 板（Polarizing Filter)、透光導電層（Transparent Electrodes)、對準層（Alignment Layer)，液晶（LiquidTransistorLCDs) etc. As the name suggests, the liquid crystal presenter uses the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal to achieve the display effect. As long as the liquid crystal is poured between two vacuumed glass pots, plus the voltage, and the glass plate spacing is appropriately controlled Can change the deflection characteristics of incident light, but the actual production is not simple; currently the most commonly mentioned in the newspaper media are the following: TN, STN, a-Si TFTs, and poly-Si TFTs, According to the driving mode, it can be divided into two types: Active Matrix and Passive Matrix. The general TN and STN types belong to the latter, while the TFT types that have caused the investment boom of domestic manufacturers are It belongs to the former. The simple internal structure of a liquid crystal display panel includes its upper and lower sides covered with two light-transmitting glass substrates, which includes a backlight (Back-iight), a polarizing plate (Polarizing Filter), a transparent conductive layer (Transparent Electrodes), Alignment Layer, Liquid Crystal

Crystal )、彩色濾光片（Color Fi 1 ter)及空間裝置 (Spacer)等零組件，其中液晶材料通常為多種nematic 1 iqu id crystal所組合在一起，當外加電壓於液晶的兩側 時，液晶便開始反轉，其反轉的量由外加電壓控制，用來 決定光通過的方向及總量。 台灣的平面顯示器產業，在1 9 9 7年TFT-LCDs產品產值 即已超過2 0 0億台幣規模，在液晶顯示器產業投資已有三 千億元，其產值也漸漸繼半導體I C產業後，成為我國最亮 眼之光電產業之明星。尤其從1 999年到2 0 0 0年，短短的不Crystal), color filters (Color Fi 1 ter) and space devices (Spacer) and other components, in which the liquid crystal material is usually a combination of a variety of nematic 1 iqu id crystal, when the voltage is applied to both sides of the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal It starts to reverse, and the amount of reverse is controlled by the applied voltage to determine the direction and total amount of light passing through. The flat-panel display industry in Taiwan had a production value of more than 20 billion Taiwan dollars in TFT-LCDs in 1997. The investment in the liquid crystal display industry has reached 300 billion yuan. Its output value has gradually followed the semiconductor IC industry. The star of China's brightest optoelectronic industry. Especially from 1999 to 2000, a short period of time

12437201243720

、發明說明（3) 到一 ^的時間，整個TFT_LCDs產能便增加 然而，闕於上a、丄、 ’接近9 "ί 口 ^ . yM :如刖述之平面顯示器隨著i:七从你4 甘 廢棄處理已經成為問題。必 ：：求的增加’其 有製造過程中發生損傷者，在製造後：！：示器大致包含 成為不良品者，1p Λ # η:衣&後之取終的檢查過程中 ’ 具匕尚有剩餘的康在σ 品等。 ϋσ 甚為是使用故障 L $為止，廢棄平面顯示器之 一、 ί “ ：：=平面顯示器予以粉碎並掩埋填平5、Ϊ Ϊ採用ί 焚燒平面顯示器的方法。在前者的處理：：：方法，以及 地點之選定困μ，如將其直接 ’巾’掩埋填平 毒性、生物多樣性、人類生活，埋處理，則以生態 為主，廢棄平面顯示器之重金屬 1毒性廢棄物的衝擊 理，存有二次污染之問方式予以處 銅等致癌物，對人體健康有潛在、、％己烷、鎘及 法中，需要特殊的焚化爐，g為所；解的：：：者處理方 、醯胺及聯苯為主要，這此化人你 々有钱物有環己烷 主要的化合物種類，其中又以環己烧出現的次：：！ ，因此焚燒後之廢氣亦必須予以皂盖 数取為頻繁 他平面顯示器之塑膠材料混合焚发=併出，如與其 速度均不理想；以資源再利用之角度觀之，：：二染及 後續的資源回收，上述處理方法都有其缺點。言句不利於 針對上述回收問題，可見國内之專利公耜 民國專利公告第52723 2號「廢液晶顯示哭之盾例如中華 裝置與方法」，則將平面顯示器的玻璃;穷切收處理 1243720 五、發明說明（4) 超音波震盪和浸潰酒精溶劑將液晶材料分離再予焚化，加 熱所餘黏附偏光膜的玻璃片至丨5 〇。〇，經由加熱一段時間 之錮欽氧化物導電玻璃基板浸潰在隔溫式液態氮浸潰槽後 ’以令其下方的偏光膜脫落，重點在於回收玻璃基板。 然而，該等公報中所記載的化學溶劑處理液晶的方法 ,由於溶劑都存有毒性、異味、安全、揮發、成本問題， 在製程中使用、儲存、廢棄和再利用，都有其不便之處， 特別是一定會有安全之虞，加上傳統的溶劑使用和加熱方 式’為求快速溶解，會提高工作溫度，但高溫容易產生危 險，如此並不能完全解決問題。 立表面活性劑已應用在半導體、機械、化工、和餐飲的 :如中華民國專利公告第1 7 6 1 8 6號「水性清潔劑/去 其$ Μ礼劑組合物」、中華民國專利公告第2 5 8 7 5 2號「水 ^丄面活性劑組合物」、中華民國專利公告第3 548 1 0號 直陰陽離子界面活性劑之水溶性包裝洗衣劑」和中華民 並公告第52 7 1 93號「水性液體清潔組成物」，但目前 程、、、，對平面顯示器回收而設計的水基溶液的清洗液晶製 面活Ϊ ΐ種溶劑中，水是最廉價而安全的。特別是利用表 洗分離=的非極性基溶解平面顯示器的液晶，達到提高清 ，過土 ί果。由於液晶殘餘會影響回收玻璃基板的價值 ，、心劑方式需要相當長的時間才能讓溶質漸次溶解 作^活性劑是利用較短的溶解時間，在安全無虞的工 。同日t， ’u獲得高品質的破璃基板，而且其廢液更易處理 了 ^去對碎片或整片的玻璃基板都可以處理，其溶3. Description of the invention (3) By the time of ^, the production capacity of the entire TFT_LCDs will increase. However, the above-mentioned a, 丄, 'close to 9 " 口 ^. YM: as described in the flat display with i: seven from you 4 Waste disposal has become a problem. Must :: Increase in demand ’There are those who are damaged during the manufacturing process, after manufacturing :! : The indicator roughly includes those who have become defective products, 1p Λ # η: During the inspection process of clothes & ϋσ is one of the abandoned flat-panel displays until the fault L $ is used. ： "：： = flat-panel displays are smashed and buried for filling. 5. Ϊ Ϊ uses the method of burning flat-panel displays. In the former treatment ::: method, And the location of the selected μ. If it is directly 'toweled' to fill the landfill with toxicity, biodiversity, human life, and buried treatment, it is mainly ecological, and the impact of toxic waste from heavy metal 1 of waste flat panel displays. The method of secondary pollution is to treat carcinogens such as copper, which has potential for human health. In the case of hexane, cadmium, and carbon dioxide, a special incinerator is required. G is the solution. And biphenyl is the main one. This is the main type of compounds you have money and cyclohexane, and the appearance of cyclohexane::! Therefore, the exhaust gas after incineration must also be covered by soap. Frequent mixing and incineration of plastic materials on other flat panel displays = coexistence, if its speed is not ideal; from the perspective of resource reuse, the second treatment and subsequent resource recovery, the above treatment methods have their own Disadvantages. The words are not conducive to the above-mentioned recycling problems. You can see the domestic patent publication of the Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 52723 2 "shield of crying liquid crystal display such as the Chinese device and method". 1243720 V. Description of the invention (4) Ultrasonic vibration and dipping with alcohol solvent separate the liquid crystal material and incineration, and heat the remaining glass sheet with polarizing film adhered to 50 °. 〇 After being heated for a period of time, the Qin oxide conductive glass substrate is immersed in a temperature-isolated liquid nitrogen immersion tank ′ to make the polarizing film below it fall off. The focus is on recovering the glass substrate. However, the methods for treating liquid crystals using the chemical solvents described in these publications have inconveniences due to the toxicity, odor, safety, volatility, and cost of the solvents. They are inconvenient to use, store, discard and reuse in the manufacturing process In particular, there will definitely be safety concerns. In addition to the traditional use of solvents and heating methods, 'in order to dissolve quickly, the working temperature will be increased, but high temperatures are prone to danger, so this cannot completely solve the problem. Li surfactants have been used in semiconductors, machinery, chemicals, and food and beverages: such as the Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 1 7 6 1 8 6 "Water-based Cleaner / Removal of its $ M Gift Agent Composition", the Republic of China Patent Bulletin No. 1 2 5 8 7 5 No. 2 "Water 丄 Surfactant Composition", Republic of China Patent Publication No. 3 548 1 0 Water-soluble Packaging Laundry Detergent for Straight Yin Cationic Surfactant "and No. 52 7 1 No. 93 "Aqueous liquid cleaning composition", but at present, water-based solutions designed for recycling flat-panel displays are used to clean liquid crystal surface. Of these solvents, water is the cheapest and safest. In particular, the liquid crystal of the flat panel display is dissolved by using a non-polar group that is washed and separated in the surface, so as to improve the cleaning performance. Since the residual of liquid crystals will affect the value of the recovered glass substrate, it takes a relatively long time for the dissolving agent method to allow the solute to gradually dissolve. As the active agent, a shorter dissolution time is used, which is safe and secure. On the same day t, ’u obtained a high-quality glass-breaking substrate, and its waste liquid is easier to handle. ^ Go to the chip or the entire glass substrate can be processed, its solution

1243720 五、發明說明（5) 解作用方式 產生提高回 ，特別安全 因此， 安全，藉以 相關專利， 【發明内容 使用本 量成本，即 半連續或連 光碟回收製 和便利等優 迥異於傳統的溶劑，不僅是提高溶解效率，也 價值，這是過去文獻未提及的新用途 和成本考量，此為本案之新穎性。 =^加速溶解反應，減少廢液污染、提高製程 提高回收玻璃基板的回收價值，目前並未 $寺別是以表面活性劑去除液晶的處理方法。 發，之處理方法，僅需以簡單的製作程序和少 了凡成徹底且快速去除液晶，有利於量產，可 =置入、快速、安全和便宜，有利於加速後續 私，因此具有安全可靠、低成本、高使用價值 點0 、 程，^ 關於一種平面顯示器回收過程的液晶分離製 “ ί 2是指具液晶的平面顯示器置於溶有表面活性劑的 /二壌境t ’由於液晶殘留會影響後續回收製帛，且脫除 Μ ^上附著的液晶材料是分離技術關鍵所在，利用表面活 水1脫=液晶’即使是相疊成塊的片狀玻璃基板材料，因 、刀的今入而易分離，降低疊塊相黏的強度，進一步分離 所液θθ ’不需要長時間加熱以去除液晶，加上水對基材性 貝影_小，如此 _ . 曰 g 此，可大幅增加分離效率，且有助於減少液 =之巧染之方法者。本發明可以完整徹底且快速的分離， 利於|f :具有快速、簡單和低成本的優點。 、 其特徵係在於：將具液晶的平面顯示器置於溶有表面 活性劑的溶液環境中，利用表面活性劑脫附液晶，而進一1243720 V. Description of the invention (5) The solution mode is improved, and it is particularly safe. Therefore, it is safe. With related patents, the content of this invention is cost-effective, that is, semi-continuous or continuous disc recycling and convenience. , Not only to improve the dissolution efficiency, but also the value. This is a new use and cost consideration not mentioned in the previous literature. This is the novelty of this case. = ^ Accelerate the dissolution reaction, reduce waste liquid pollution, improve the process, and increase the recycling value of the recovered glass substrate. At present, there is no treatment method to remove the liquid crystal with a surfactant. The processing method is only required to use a simple production procedure and remove the liquid crystal completely and quickly, which is conducive to mass production. It can be placed, fast, safe, and cheap, which is helpful for accelerating subsequent private use, so it is safe and reliable. Low-cost, high-use value point 0, Cheng, ^ About a liquid crystal separation system for the recovery process of a flat panel display "ί 2" refers to a flat panel display with a liquid crystal placed in a surfactant / solenoid environment t 'due to the residual liquid crystal It will affect the subsequent recycling system, and the removal of the liquid crystal material attached to the M ^ is the key to the separation technology. The use of surface active water 1 to remove = liquid crystal 'even the sheet glass substrate material stacked on top of each other. And easy to separate, reduce the strength of the cohesiveness of the stack, and further separate the liquid θθ 'does not require long-term heating to remove the liquid crystal, plus water on the base material's shadow _ small, so _. This can greatly increase the separation The method is efficient, and helps to reduce the method of liquid dyeing. The invention can be completely, completely and quickly separated, which is beneficial to | f: has the advantages of fast, simple and low cost. Its characteristics are : The flat panel display with a liquid crystal solution was placed in a solution of a surfactant in the environment, the use of surfactants desorption liquid, and into a

1243720 五、發明說明（6) 步分離出液晶，有助於回收玻璃基材等材料之方法者。 【實施方法】 接著，茲列舉一些具體實施例，詳細介紹本發明之内 容及其所能達成之功效： 其流程如下： A. 先以水浸泡出烷基苯磺酸鈉陰離子表面活性劑溶液 〇 B. 續將沾附液晶的平面顯示器基材，置入泡有烷基苯 磺酸鈉陰離子表面活性劑的溶液中攪拌2 0分鐘。1243720 V. Description of the invention (6) The method of separating liquid crystal in step 6 is helpful for recovering materials such as glass substrates. [Implementation method] Next, here are some specific examples to introduce the content of the present invention and the effect it can achieve: The process is as follows: A. Soak the sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate anionic surfactant solution with water first. B. Continue to put the liquid crystal-attached flat display substrate into a solution soaked with sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate anionic surfactant and stir for 20 minutes.

C. 取出沖洗，即可完全去除液晶。 將待處理的平面顯示器置入容器中，在不加溫的條件 下，以純水浸置，攪拌進行時間20min，其重量去除率16% 以下。以同樣水量溶入烷基苯磺酸鈉陰離子表面活性劑， 再攪拌進行相同時間，重量去除率可達98%以上。 上述的平面顯示器進入分離程序時，係將待處理之平 面顯示器放置於水溶液中，調整表面活性劑濃度和溶液溫 度，配合清洗分離程序中需要可採取授:動、噴射、循環、 加熱和超音波等方法提高清洗速度和清洗質量。C. Remove and rinse, the LCD can be completely removed. Place the flat display to be treated in a container, immerse it in pure water without heating, stir for 20 minutes, and remove 16% or less of its weight. The same amount of water was used to dissolve the sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate anionic surfactant, and then stirred for the same time, the weight removal rate could reach more than 98%. When the above-mentioned flat display enters the separation process, the flat display to be processed is placed in an aqueous solution, and the surfactant concentration and the solution temperature are adjusted. According to the needs of the cleaning and separation process, it can be adopted: motion, spray, circulation, heating and ultrasound And other methods to improve cleaning speed and cleaning quality.

另外，各類平面顯示器因材質、來源、製作參數和品 管等差異，需要分離液晶製程部分，如清洗或溶解附著在 基板或塑膠上的殘餘液晶等，而有進一步將其分離步驟； 即分離液晶可為多道製程之其中一部份。 如此，若使用前述方法，則僅以簡單的處理程序即可 以自廢棄平面顯示器分離出液晶，使得循環使用成為可能In addition, due to differences in materials, sources, production parameters, and quality control of various flat-panel displays, it is necessary to separate the liquid crystal manufacturing process, such as cleaning or dissolving the residual liquid crystal attached to the substrate or plastic, etc., and there is a further separation step; Liquid crystals can be part of multiple processes. In this way, if the aforementioned method is used, the liquid crystal can be separated from the waste flat display with a simple processing procedure, making it possible to recycle.

第10頁 1243720 發明說明（7) _____ 幅削減 明所提 迅速並 性。 生損傷 或變成 片型態 度南的 濟效益 污染者 。且由於高效率地回收基板材料， 污染之優點。 ’因此具有可以大 在上述之應用例「液晶之 供之分離方法，使整個平面顯示哭:序」中，本發 具經潸效益，@時使回收物保 ：：矛王序更為 本發明提供之分離製程適用'：：=之再利用 者，或在製造後之最終的檢查過程中發 剩餘的庫存品之平面顯示器等，^良者’ ，回收其基板材料等並循環使用。由於^口破碎 基板材料，容易循環使用其回收材料:具^ ，並可有效避免平面顯示器回收處理過程中所=^ 綜上所述，本發明確實已具有可供產業上之利用性， 且未見有相同發明之特徵公知、么、用在先者，故本發 能符合發明專利之申請要件、爰依法提出專利申請。Page 10 1243720 Description of the invention (7) _____ The reduction of the amount mentioned in the statement is quick and easy. It can cause damage or become flake-shaped, economic benefits, and polluters. And because the substrate material is efficiently recovered, the advantage of contamination. 'Therefore, it can be used in the above application example "the separation method of the liquid crystal to make the entire plane display cry: sequence", this hair has economic benefits, @ 时 使 收 物 保 :: The King of Spear is more of the present invention The separation process provided is applicable to ':: = reusers, or flat monitors that release remaining inventory during the final inspection process after manufacturing, etc., good ones', to recover their substrate materials, etc. and recycle. Due to the broken substrate material, it is easy to recycle the recycled materials: it has ^, and can effectively avoid the process of recycling the flat display. In summary, the present invention does have industrial applicability, and Seeing that the characteristics of the same invention are known, what is used first, so this invention can meet the application requirements for invention patents, and file a patent application according to law.

第11頁 1243720 圖式簡單說明 無圖式。 11111Page 11 1243720 Schematic description No Schema. 11111

Claims (1)

1243720 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種廢棄平面面板顯示器之液晶分離製程，係在於 將具液晶的平面顯示器置於溶有表面活性劑的溶液環境中 ，利用表面活性劑脫附液晶，而進一步分離出液晶，有助 於回收玻璃基材等材料之方法者。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之廢棄平面面板顯示器 之液晶分離製程，其中該分離液晶係為回收平面顯示器製 程之其中一部份。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之廢棄平面面板顯示器 之液晶分離製程，其中為配合清洗分離程序，係採用攪動 、噴射、循環、加熱和超音波其之其中一種方法。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之廢棄平面面板顯示器 之液晶分離製程，其中，此製程適用於從製造過程中發生 損傷者，及在製造後之最終的檢查過程中成為不良者，及 變成剩餘的庫存品之平面顯示器，包括其成型片和破碎片 型態·1243720 VI. Application for patent scope 1. A liquid crystal separation process for a discarded flat panel display is to place a flat display with liquid crystal in a solution environment in which a surfactant is dissolved, and use the surfactant to desorb the liquid crystal to further separate it. Liquid crystals are a way to help recycle materials such as glass substrates. 2. The liquid crystal separation process of the discarded flat panel display as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the separated liquid crystal is part of the process of recycling the flat display. 3. The liquid crystal separation process for the discarded flat panel display described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, in order to cooperate with the cleaning and separation process, one of the methods of agitation, spraying, circulation, heating and ultrasound is used. 4. The liquid crystal separation process for the discarded flat panel display as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein this process is applicable to those who have suffered damage from the manufacturing process, and who have become defective during the final inspection process after manufacturing, and Flat displays that become the remaining stock, including its shaped and broken pieces types · 第13頁Page 13