1242l47 故、發明說明： 七明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種快速建構複數連結之立體管狀 万法，係應用於電腦輔助設計（cAD，CAE，CAM， 兒腦繪圖等）中。 【先前技術】 在&计射出成形模具時，流道之設計攸關射出品的 貝尤〃對於較大型或幾何較複雜之模具，流道的數 目與安排最好能以電腦模擬，找出最恰當之設計。 在傳統的電腦模擬方式有兩種： 第 種傳統方式使用者需也 ^而要先在CAD軟體中建構出 三維立體模型欽後爯&丨έ …、後再到網格產生器上對立體模型的表 面產生三角形表面網格，之 设再由表面網格向内部產生 二次元立體網格這樣的做 去使用者需要耗費時間在模 型的建立上，而且不易控制 、 制產生網袼的品質及内部的厣 數，此外，網格的密度也需- 曰 有經驗的使用者來調整。 第二種傳統方式是利用 · 咪射（mapping)的方式產斗 三次元立體網袼，使用者不带 王 ^ , 而要在CAD中建構出完整的 立體模型，但需要在腦海中、、主 1的 %楚的知道幾何外觀以及幾 1242147 何分割（s u b d i v i s i ο η )的形式，接著利用映射的方式一 塊塊地產生三次元立體網格.這種做法產生的網格品質 很好，層數也容易控制，但是使用者需要花費相當長的 時間，並且累積相當多的知識及經驗才能達到如此目 的。 上述兩種方式都需耗費相多時間進行，且使用者之 專業與經驗需要很高的要求。 因此如何簡化複數流道之設計是需要的，亦即如何 簡化複數立體管狀物之設計是需要的。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的係在提供簡化複數立體管狀 物之設計，如應用於模具的流道設計。 為達成上述之目的，本發明快速建構複數連結之 φ 立體管狀物之方法包括下列步驟： 步驟A :接受複數管狀物之幾何參數之輸入，各 管狀物可由一軸線代表管狀物之長度與方向。較佳的 方式是使用者晝出各管狀物之軸線，這些軸線即有代 表各管狀物之長度與方向等軸線資料以及軸線之兩 端點資料。接著使用者輸入各管狀物在兩端點的截面 6 1242147 參數，以圓形管狀物之轴線資料來說，截面參數為直 徑或半徑。 步驟B :利用幾何參數計算各管狀物在連結後之 幾何外型，在此步驟除需利用各管狀物之軸線資料以 判斷各管狀物連結之狀況，亦要修飾管狀物在連結處 會有關於『空缺』以及管狀物重複『堆疊』之現象。 本發明係利用管狀物相交夾角之大小，劃分為『直接 交集區域』，『90度角區域』以及『填補區域』三種 區域以進行處理。 步驟C :利用各管狀物在連結後之幾何外型計算 代表立體網格之網格點。 【實施方式】 本發明是關於快速建構複數連結之立體管狀物之 方法，係應用於電腦輔助設計中，亦即電腦輔助設計 的軟體程式可應用本發明之方法。以下請先參考圖 1 關於本發明之流程圖，圖1流程圖係以電腦輔助設計 軟體程式所進行之步驟。另請一併參考圖2〜圖9以配 合瞭解本發明之特點： 步驟A : 7 l242i47 接受複數管狀物之幾何參數之輸入。 請見圖2，使用者想建立複數連結之立體管狀物 1 0之示意圖，圖2所顯示之複數連結之立體管狀物1 0 為『模具射出流道』之例子，由複數個圓形管狀物所構 成。 使用者可輸入關於各管狀物之幾何參數（如座標 點、圓形半徑等），以先定義各管狀物之幾何外型。但 為方便使用者以直覺方式建構各管狀物，較佳的方式 是如圖3所示，使用者畫出（譬如以滑鼠拉出線條） 各管狀物之軸線50a〜50p，這些軸線50a〜50p代表各管 狀物之長度與方向等軸線資料（屬於幾何參數之資 料）’因此由軸線當中亦可知軸線之兩端點資料。 在本發明中管狀物之定義需注意如下：任兩管狀物 右有連結必定於兩管狀物所代表之各自軸線的端點之 處相連結，譬如軸線5〇i與軸線5〇g雖在同一方向上， 實際上軸線5〇i與軸線5〇g可視為連續一條軸線，但在 本么明中之定義由於要求兩管狀物若有連結點則一定 在轴線的端點之處，由於有軸線5〇h與軸線50i與轴線 父’所以軸線5 0 i與軸線5 0 g所形成之連續一條 車由線需被定義為兩軸線。 接著使用者輸入各管狀物在兩端點的截面參數， 8 1242147 以圓形管狀物之軸線資料 °當然使用者亦可以在 來’而由軟體程式依據『 的資料。 來說，戴面參數為直徑或半 各軸線之兩端點畫出『圓』 圓』的大小取得直徑或半徑 其他非圓形管狀物之戴面炎奴日， 義 徑 此 戳面參數則視其形狀而定 ，譬如橢圓管狀物，則截面泉數 /数了為長直徑與短直 。關於非圓形管狀物之截面夂叙*话丄 截向參數為基本幾何概念，名 不再--贅述。1242l47 Description of the invention: The technical field to which Qiming belongs] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional tubular method for quickly constructing complex connections, and is used in computer-aided design (cAD, CAE, CAM, child brain drawing, etc.). [Previous technology] When designing injection molding dies, the design of the runners is important for the injection molding. For larger or more complex molds, the number and arrangement of runners should be computerized to find out. The most appropriate design. There are two kinds of traditional computer simulation methods: The first traditional method is that the user also needs to construct a three-dimensional three-dimensional model in the CAD software first. After that, the three-dimensional model is generated on the grid generator. The surface of the model generates a triangular surface mesh, and the design then generates a two-dimensional three-dimensional mesh from the surface mesh to the inside. The user needs to spend time on the establishment of the model, and it is not easy to control and control the quality of the mesh. The number of internal units, in addition, the density of the grid also needs to be adjusted by experienced users. The second traditional method is to use a mapping method to produce a three-dimensional three-dimensional network card. The user does not take Wang ^, but to build a complete three-dimensional model in CAD, but in the mind, the master 1% knows the geometric appearance and the form of 1242147 subdivisi (subdivisi ο η), and then uses the mapping method to generate a three-dimensional three-dimensional mesh. This method produces a good mesh quality and the number of layers. Easy to control, but users need to spend a considerable amount of time and accumulate considerable knowledge and experience to achieve this purpose. Both of the above methods take a lot of time to perform, and the user's expertise and experience require high requirements. Therefore, how to simplify the design of the complex flow channel is needed, that is, how to simplify the design of the plural solid tube. [Summary of the Invention] The main object of the present invention is to provide a simplified design of a plurality of three-dimensional tubular objects, such as a flow channel design applied to a mold. In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method of the present invention for quickly constructing a plurality of connected φ three-dimensional tubular objects includes the following steps: Step A: Accept the input of the geometric parameters of the plural tubular objects, and each tube can represent the length and direction of the tubular object by an axis. The preferred way is for the user to output the axis of each tube at daytime. These axes have the axis data representing the length and direction of each tube and the two endpoint data of the axis. Then the user enters the section 6 1242147 parameters of each tube at both ends. Taking the axis data of the circular tube as an example, the section parameter is the diameter or radius. Step B: Use the geometric parameters to calculate the geometric appearance of each tube after connection. In this step, in addition to using the axis data of each tube to determine the connection status of each tube, it is also necessary to modify the tube at the connection. "Vacancy" and repeated "stacking" of tubular objects. In the present invention, the size of the intersection angle of the tubular objects is divided into three areas of "direct intersection area", "90-degree angle area" and "filling area" for processing. Step C: Calculate the grid points representing the three-dimensional grid by using the geometric shapes of the tubular objects after joining. [Embodiment] The present invention relates to a method for quickly constructing a plurality of connected three-dimensional tubular objects, which is applied to computer-aided design, that is, a software program of computer-aided design can apply the method of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 for a flowchart of the present invention. The flowchart of FIG. 1 is a step performed by a computer-aided design software program. Please also refer to FIG. 2 to FIG. 9 together to understand the features of the present invention: Step A: 7 l242i47 accepts the input of geometric parameters of a plurality of tubular objects. Please refer to Fig. 2. The user wants to create a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional tubular object 10 connected in plural. The two-dimensional three-dimensional tubular object 10 shown in Fig. 2 is an example of a "mold injection channel". Made up. The user can input geometric parameters (such as coordinate points, circle radii, etc.) about each tube to define the geometric shape of each tube. However, in order to facilitate the user to construct each tubular object in an intuitive manner, a better way is to draw the axis of the tubular object 50a ~ 50p (for example, draw a line with a mouse) as shown in FIG. 3, and these axes 50a ~ 50p represents the axis data (such as the geometric parameters) of the length and direction of each tube. Therefore, the data of the two ends of the axis can also be known from the axis. In the present invention, the definition of the tube should be noted as follows: Any two tubes connected to the right must be connected at the endpoints of the respective axes represented by the two tubes. For example, the axis 50i and the axis 50g are on the same side. In the direction, the axis 50i and the axis 50g can be regarded as a continuous axis, but the definition in this book requires that the two tubular objects must be at the end of the axis if there is a connection point. The axis 50h, the axis 50i, and the axis parent ', so a continuous vehicle formed by the axis 50i and the axis 50g needs to be defined as two axes. Then the user enters the cross-section parameters of each tube at the two ends. 8 1242147 uses the axis data of the circular tube ° Of course, the user can also come here and the software program will use the data based on ". For example, the wearing parameter is the diameter or the diameter of the two ends of each axis. Draw a "round" circle to obtain the diameter or radius of other non-circular tubular objects. Depending on its shape, such as an elliptical tube, the number of cross-section springs is counted as long diameter and short straight. About the cross section of non-circular tube 夂 description * words 截 interception parameter is a basic geometric concept, the name is no longer-redundant description.
步·驟B : q利用^可參數計算|管狀物在連結^幾何外 i二如圖4顯示複數管狀物在未經修飾時之幾何外型 圖在才夕管狀物連結處會有『空缺8 1』，以及 會有管狀物重複『堆4 82』之現象。步驟B即在『修 補』這些『空缺』與『堆疊』之現象。 ,步驟B所要件建立的各管狀物在連結後之幾何外 型包括各管狀物非連結之部分，以及各管狀物有連結之 部八 刀由於在各管狀物有連結之部分需進一步處理（『空 、』^、堆豐』之現象），因此需要有一個步驟（步驟 去判斷各管狀物連結之狀況，步驟B 1可用各管狀 物之紅# :欠，· 、、1 1料以判斷各管狀物是否連結，譬如軸線5 〇 a 9 1242147 /轴線5 0 b有連結’轴線5 0 a與轴線5 0 c沒有連結。 董子於『修補』這些『空缺』與『堆疊』之現象處 理方式說明如步驟B2 : 步驟B 2 : 針對每一具有相連結軸線之區域計算出相連結軸 、線所形成複數的相交夾角。如圖5所示，兩軸線6 0 a， 6〇b相連結而形成兩個相交失角;亦即每一 相乂夾角由兩管狀物之兩軸線所構成，譬如相交夾角 65a由軸線6〇a，6〇b所構成，相交夾角65 b亦由軸線 6Ga ’ 6 0b所構成，當然各相交夾角之角度總合（譬如 相父夾角65a，65b之總合）為360度。另外相交夾角 之數目與相連結軸線之數目相等，譬如圖8所示，三 轴線60i，60j，60k相連結而形成三個相交夾角65i， 65j，65k。 根據相交夾角之夾角大小不同而包括下列狀況： 狀況A :相交夾角小於1 8 〇度時：該相交夾角區域 之相交兩管狀物的幾何外型之建立係根據兩管狀物的 幾何外型之交集區域。以圖5為例，相交夾角65a小 於180度之區域在本說明書中定義為直接交集區域 3〇a ’在直接交集區域30a中，管狀物4〇a，4〇b的幾何 外型之建立係根據兩管狀物的幾何外型之交集區域，亦 1242147 即有相交之部分取其交集區域。 狀況B :相交夾角大於或等於1 80度時：該相交夾 角區域可分為兩種區域· 90度角區域：位於兩連結軸線旁各 90度角之範 圍，因此90度角區域具有兩個，在兩90度角區域的幾 何外型為兩管狀物在該兩 90度角區域之原來幾何外 型。以圖5為例，相交夾角65b大於180度之區域， 因此軸線60a，60b旁90度角之範圍形成兩個90度角 區域30b。管狀物40a，40b在90度角區域30b的幾何 外型為原來的幾何外型。 填補區域：係位於兩90度角區域之間，填補區域 的幾何外型之建立係根據兩管狀物延伸後於該填補區 域之交集區域，但當相交夾角剛好等於1 80度時，則無 填補區域。以圖5為例，填補區域30c在兩90度角區 域3 Ob之間。填補區域在『模具射出流道』之設計中最 好其幾何外型成一連續之平滑外型，即如圖5所示。 同樣地，圖6與圖7都是兩管狀物相交之實施例。 根據上述之說明，圖6兩軸線6 0 c，6 0 d，以及圖7兩 軸線60e，60f相連結而都形成一直接交集區域30a， 兩個90度角區域30b以及一填補區域30c。 圖8係三管狀物相交之第一實施例示意圖。三軸 1 1 1242147 線6 0i，6 0j，6 0k相連結而形成三個相交夾角65i，65j， 65k。由於相交夾角65i，65j皆小於180度，因此構成 兩個直接交集區域30 a。另外相交夾角65k大於180度， 因此構成兩個90度角區域30b，以及一填補區域30c。 圖9係三管狀物相交之第二實施例示意圖。如步 驟A所述，轴線6 01以及轴線6 0 η可視為連續一條轴 線，但在本發明之定義中仍是兩軸線。同樣地，三軸 線601，60m，60η形成三個相交夾角651，65m，65η。 由於相交夾角651，65m皆小於180度，因此構成兩個 直接交集區域30a。相交夾角65η剛好等於180度，因 此構成兩個90度角區域30b，但沒有填補區域30c。 步驟C : 利用各管狀物在連結後之幾何外型計算代表立體 網格之網格點。此步驟在一般電腦輔助設計是用不 到，譬如單純之機構設計，如AutoCad或ProE都用 不到。但對於電腦輔助工程分析CAE (Computer Aided Engineering)則有可能需要，如應用於流體或應力之分 析等等。產生立體網格9 〇之網格點9 1之示意圖請見圖 5。關於產生立體網格之技術如利用拓撲學經過幾何數 學的運异得到幾何外型，再產生三次元的立體網格，由 及功效，在 t 貴審查 實感德便。 便於說明而 以申請專利 譬如管狀物 曲線，使得 之示意圖。 .之示意 示意圖。 1242147 於此非本專利之重點，因此在此不再贅述 綜上所陳，本發明無論就目的、手段 在均顯示其迥異於習知技術之特徵，懇言彳 委員明察，早曰賜准專利，俾嘉惠社會， 惟應注意的是，上述諸多實施例僅係為了 舉例而已，本發明所主張之權利範圍自應 範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。 之軸線在實施例皆為直線，但軸線亦可為 管狀物為彎曲的。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係關於本發明之流程圖。 圖2係使用者想建立複數連結之立體管狀來 圖3係使用者使用本發明建立管狀物之軸 圖。 圖4係複數管狀物在未經修飾時之幾何外5 圖5係兩管狀物相交之第一實施例示意圖< 圖6係兩管狀物相交之第二實施例示意圖< 圖7係兩管狀物相交之第三實施例示意圖< 圖8係三管狀物相交之第一實施例示意圖< 圖9係三管狀物相交之第二實施例示意圖。 1242147 【圖號說明】 複數連結之立體管狀物1 0相交夾角20 直接交集區域30a 填補區域30c 車由線5 0 a〜5 0 p 相交夾角65a〜65η 堆疊82 網格點9 1 90度角區域30b 管狀物40a，40b 車由線60a〜60η 空缺8 1 立體網格90Step · Step B: q can be calculated using ^ parameters. The tube is connected. ^ Geometric i. Figure 2 shows the geometrical shape of the complex tube when it is not modified. There will be a "vacancy 8" at the junction of the tube. 1 ", and there will be a repeat of" stack 4 82 "in the tube. Step B is to “fix” these “vacancies” and “stacking”. The geometric appearance of each tubular object created in the requirements of step B after being connected includes the non-connected parts of each tubular object, and the connected part of each tubular object. The eight blades require further processing (" Empty, "^, pile" phenomenon), so there needs to be a step (step to determine the connection status of each tube, step B 1 can use the red of each tube #: owe, · ,, 1 1 material to determine each Whether the tubes are connected, for example, the axis 5 〇a 9 1242147 / the axis 5 0 b has the connection 'the axis 5 0 a and the axis 5 0 c are not connected. Dong Zi "repaired" these "vacancies" and "stacked" The description of the phenomenon processing method is as follows: Step B2: Step B2: For each region with connected axes, calculate the complex intersection angle formed by the connected axes and lines. As shown in FIG. 5, the two axes 60a, 60b Intersecting to form two intersecting missing angles; that is, each intersecting angle is formed by the two axes of two tubular objects, for example, the intersecting angle 65a is formed by the axes 60a, 60b, and the intersecting angle 65b is also the axis 6Ga '6 0b, of course, the angle of the intersection angle The sum (such as the sum of the included angles 65a and 65b) is 360 degrees. In addition, the number of intersection angles is equal to the number of connected axes. For example, as shown in Figure 8, the three axes 60i, 60j, and 60k are connected to form three. The intersection angles 65i, 65j, 65k. The following conditions are included according to the size of the intersection angle: Condition A: When the intersection angle is less than 180 degrees: The geometric shape of the intersection of the two tubes in the intersection angle region is established based on The intersection area of the geometric shapes of the two tubular objects. Taking FIG. 5 as an example, the area where the intersection angle 65a is less than 180 degrees is defined in this specification as the direct intersection region 30a. In the direct intersection region 30a, the tubular object 40a The geometric shape of 4ob is established based on the intersection area of the geometric shapes of the two tubular objects, which is 1242147, that is, the intersection area takes the intersection area. Condition B: When the intersection angle is greater than or equal to 180 degrees: the intersection The included angle area can be divided into two types: 90-degree angle area: located at the range of 90-degree angles next to the two connecting axes, so there are two 90-degree angle areas, and the geometric shape of the two 90-degree angle areas is two tubular objects. The original geometric shape of the two 90-degree angle areas. Taking Figure 5 as an example, the intersection angle 65b is greater than 180 degrees, so the range of 90-degree angles around the axes 60a and 60b forms two 90-degree angle areas 30b. Tubular object 40a The geometric shape of 40b in the 90-degree angle area 30b is the original geometric shape. Filling area: It is located between two 90-degree angle areas. The geometric shape of the filling area is established based on the extension of the two tubes and then filling the area. The intersection area of the area, but when the intersection angle is exactly equal to 180 degrees, there is no padding area. Taking FIG. 5 as an example, the filling area 30c is between two 90-degree angle areas 3 Ob. In the design of the “mold injection runner”, the filling area is best to have a continuous and smooth geometric shape, as shown in FIG. 5. Similarly, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are embodiments where two tubular objects intersect. According to the above description, the two axes 60 c, 60 d of FIG. 6 and the two axes 60e, 60f of FIG. 7 are connected to form a direct intersection region 30a, two 90-degree angle regions 30b, and a filling region 30c. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment where three tubular objects intersect. The triaxial 1 1 1242147 lines 60i, 60j, and 60k are connected to form three intersection angles 65i, 65j, and 65k. Since the intersection angles 65i and 65j are less than 180 degrees, two direct intersection regions 30a are formed. In addition, the intersection angle 65k is greater than 180 degrees, so two 90-degree angle regions 30b and one filling region 30c are formed. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment where three tubular objects intersect. As described in step A, the axis 60 01 and the axis 60 0 n can be regarded as a continuous axis, but in the definition of the present invention, they are still two axes. Similarly, the triaxial lines 601, 60m, and 60η form three intersection angles 651, 65m, and 65η. Since the intersection angles 651 and 65m are both less than 180 degrees, two direct intersection regions 30a are formed. The intersection angle 65η is exactly equal to 180 degrees, and thus forms two 90-degree angle regions 30b, but does not fill the region 30c. Step C: Calculate the grid points representing the three-dimensional grid by using the geometric shapes of the tubular objects after joining. This step is not used in general computer-aided design, such as simple mechanism design, such as AutoCad or ProE. However, CAE (Computer Aided Engineering) may be needed, such as the application of fluid or stress analysis. See Figure 5 for a schematic diagram of the grid points 9 1 that generate a three-dimensional grid 90. Regarding the technology of generating a three-dimensional grid, such as using geometric topology to obtain the geometric shape through the difference of geometry and mathematics, and then producing a three-dimensional three-dimensional grid. A patent application such as a tube curve makes it easy to illustrate. . Schematic Schematic. 1242147 This is not the focus of this patent, so I will not repeat it here. The present invention, regardless of its purpose and means, shows its characteristics that are quite different from those of the conventional technology. However, it should be noted that many of the above embodiments are merely examples, and the scope of the rights claimed in the present invention shall be based on the scope of the claims, rather than being limited to the above embodiments. The axis is straight in the embodiments, but the axis may also be a tube that is curved. [Brief Description of the Drawings] FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional tubular diagram of a user who wants to establish a plurality of links. Fig. 3 is an axial diagram of a user using the present invention to create a tubular article. Figure 4 is the geometrical appearance of a plurality of tubular objects without modification 5 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment where two tubular objects intersect < Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment where two tubular objects intersect < Schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the intersection of objects < FIG. 8 Schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the intersection of three tubular objects < 1242147 [Illustration of the drawing number] Three-dimensional tubular objects connected in plural 1 0 intersection angle 20 direct intersection area 30a filling area 30c car line 5 0 a ~ 5 0 p intersection angle 65a ~ 65η stacking 82 grid point 9 1 90 degree angle area 30b tube 40a, 40b car line 60a ~ 60η vacant 8 1 three-dimensional grid 90