TW567246B - Method for chemically treating piston ring - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for chemically treating a piston ring is used to reduce the surface friction of a piston ring, and comprises: mounting a piston ring in a container; immersing the piston ring with a mechanical oil; raising the temperature to 220-250 DEG C; adding 0.15-0.50% of carbon metal carbonate, 0.15-0.50% of alkaline metal nitrite, 0.10-0.30% of alkaline metal chloride, 0.50-1.2% of alkaline metal nitrate, 0.40-1.1% of acidic manganese phosphate, and 0.30-0.90% of a cerium-containing rare earth metal powder into the mechanical oil; maintaining the abovementioned temperature for 10-24 hours; terminating the heating and allowing the oil bath to cool down naturally; removing the piston when the oil temperature reaches 50 DEG C. The present invention is suitable for the modification of piston ring and cylinder of various generators, while significantly increasing the operation efficiency and lifespan of a cylinder, as well as achieving fuel economy and reducing air pollution.

Description

567246567246

五、發明說明（1) 技術領域 本發明係涉及一種活塞環的化學表面處理t 心段万法，經此V. Description of the invention (1) Technical field The present invention relates to a chemical surface treatment of a piston ring

處理後的活塞環可以明顯地減小活塞環與汽缸辟♦卵1 A 土 間的磨 擦力以及活塞環與活塞環槽之間的磨擦力，從而明顯地提 高汽缸的密封度和延長活塞環、汽缸套和活塞的使用妄命 背景技術 習知内燃機的基本結構，主要是為活塞式連桿機構， 燃料在汽缸内燃燒，產生高溫高壓氣體，從而推動活塞上 下往復運動，活塞通過連桿把力傳給曲軸，使曲轴旋轉而 •外作功。 為使氣體***漏，在活塞上設有數個活塞環槽，活夷 -個帶有開口“的合： 圓環，==;=:上：一定的厚度切下一個個的 個具有預定間隙的門求成再在該圓環的任-處切出-為活塞環成品。、、壬二口，再通過熱處理來賦予其彈性，即 缸直徑的0 . 3 __ 〇 ％的冷態開口間隙一般要求設計成氣 環具有沿徑向伸徐二由於具有這一開口間隙，從而使活塞 ，活塞環始rc生。這樣、’當活塞上下往復運動時 環與汽缸壁之間、、^缸壁從而避免向溫高壓氣體從活塞 ，-種是氣環，具右蚪：達到密封的作用。活塞環有兩種 主要在作為封f封軋和刮油的作用；另一種是油環， 对，由和刮油的作用。 567246The treated piston ring can significantly reduce the friction between the piston ring and the cylinder. The friction between the soil and the friction between the piston ring and the piston ring groove can significantly improve the seal of the cylinder and extend the piston ring and cylinder. The basic structure of the internal combustion engine is known. It is mainly a piston-type connecting rod mechanism. Fuel is burned in the cylinder to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, thereby pushing the piston to reciprocate up and down. The piston transmits force through the connecting rod. Give the crankshaft to rotate the crankshaft and perform external work. In order to prevent the gas from leaking, there are several piston ring grooves on the piston, and a ring with an opening is opened: a ring, ==; =: up: a certain thickness is cut out with a predetermined gap Gate Qiucheng then cuts out at any place on the ring-the piston ring is finished. The two holes are made by heat treatment to give elasticity, that is, the cold opening gap of 0.3% of the cylinder diameter is generally It is required to design the air ring to extend in the radial direction. As a result of this opening gap, the piston and the piston ring begin to rc. In this way, 'When the piston reciprocates up and down, between the ring and the cylinder wall, To avoid the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the piston, one is the gas ring, which has the right 达到: to achieve the sealing effect. The piston ring has two main functions as sealing and rolling and oil scraping; the other is the oil ring, yes, by And the effect of scraping oil.

五、發明說明（2) 然而，現有活塞環的設計存在如下之缺陷：V. Description of the Invention (2) However, the existing piston ring design has the following defects:

活塞環受熱後要伸長，使環在汽缸内的開口間隙縮小 ’現有的設計理念是要避免活塞環開口間隙在故離時消失 ，否則活塞環開口端面互相頂住就會對缸面造^ 大的壓 力，從而造成環與汽紅面的咬合磨損。如下所述，活塞環 的冷態開口間隙一般要求為汽缸直徑的0· 3-〇· 5%，此^ 5 造成：1、活塞上行壓細氣體時（内燃機的壓縮行程）， 有一部分氣體會向下泄漏，減小了汽缸縮壓力，從而導致 内燃機性能下降；2、燃料燃燒產生高溫高壓氣體，推動 活塞向下運動（内燃機的作功行程），高溫高壓氣體向下 泄漏，使汽缸壁面的油膜破壞，容易造成拉紅（活塞或活 塞環與汽缸拉毛損壞）；3、向下泄漏的燃燒氣體油 底殼（内存的潤滑油），加速潤滑油老化變質，從而加快 内燃機運動零件的磨損並使換油期縮短；4、活塞上行時' ，形成满滑油向上竄入汽缸上部的通道，加大内^燃機潤滑 油消耗，造成尾氣中顆粒排放物的增加。The piston ring must be extended after heating, so that the opening gap of the ring in the cylinder is reduced. The existing design concept is to prevent the opening gap of the piston ring from disappearing when it is disengaged, otherwise the piston ring end faces abut each other, which will cause a large cylinder surface ^ Pressure, which causes the bite wear of the ring and steam red surface. As described below, the cold opening gap of the piston ring is generally required to be 0 · 3-0 · 5% of the cylinder diameter. This ^ 5 results: 1. When the piston presses down the gas (compression stroke of the internal combustion engine), a part of the gas will Downward leakage reduces the cylinder contraction pressure, which leads to the decline in the performance of the internal combustion engine; 2. Fuel combustion generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas, pushing the piston downward (the internal combustion engine's work stroke), and high-temperature and high-pressure gas leaks downward, causing the cylinder wall The oil film is damaged, which is likely to cause red pull (damage of the piston or piston ring and cylinder brushing); 3. The downward leaking combustion gas oil pan (lubricating oil in the memory) accelerates the aging and deterioration of the lubricating oil, thereby accelerating the wear and tear of the internal combustion engine moving parts Shorten the oil change period; 4. When the piston moves upwards, a passage is formed where full lubricating oil enters the upper part of the cylinder, which increases the consumption of lubricating oil in the internal combustion engine, resulting in an increase in particulate emissions in the exhaust gas.

為了提高活塞環的耐磨性和抗咬合性能，現在一般採 用活塞環表面磷化或II化，與汽缸接觸部分進行多孔艘絡 或喷鉬。但這些措施並沒有改變活塞環與汽缸壁間相對高 速滑動磨擦的實質’做不到活塞環在汽知：中無隙或微隙運 動，因而始終不能從根本上克服上述缺陷。 發明内容 本發明的目的是要提供一種能夠從根本上克服上述缺 陷的活塞環的化學表面處理方法’該處理方法能夠明顯地In order to improve the wear resistance and anti-seizure performance of the piston ring, the surface of the piston ring is generally phosphated or IIized, and the contact part with the cylinder is porous or molybdenum sprayed. However, these measures have not changed the essence of the relatively high-speed sliding friction between the piston ring and the cylinder wall. The piston ring cannot move without any gap or micro-gap in the steam. Therefore, the above defects cannot always be fundamentally overcome. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring that can fundamentally overcome the above-mentioned defects. The treatment method can obviously

第5頁 567246 五、發明說明（3) 減夕活塞環與汽缸壁之間的磨擦力以及活塞環與活塞ϊ哀槽 ，間的磨擦力。因此可以做到允許活塞環的開口間隙在熱 態（工作狀態）時消失，從而極大地提高了汽缸的密封性 ’大大地提高了工作效率。並且由於磨擦力的減小，又能 明顯地延長汽缸的壽命。 本發明人考慮到，現有技術做不到活塞環在汽缸中的 無隙運動，以及活塞環在活塞環槽中的微隙運動的主要原 因是活塞環與汽缸壁之間、活塞環與活塞環槽之間的磨擦 力不能明顯減小的緣故。本發明人根據潤滑理論得知，潤 滑油的潤滑機理是在兩個相互磨擦的零件表面上形成一層 油膜’從而使這兩個零件的磨擦由原來的金屬表面直接磨 擦轉變成潤滑油膜之間的滑動磨擦。特別是目前在市場上 作為商品銷售的潤滑油，其中含有各種添加劑，其中起潤 滑作用的添加劑是一種鏈狀的烴類，在其一端具有一個極 性基團，該極性基團能夠吸附在金屬的表面上而讓其沒有 極性基團的尾端向上豎起，因此能在金屬的表面上形成一 層較厚的油膜，從而保證金屬零件表面的潤滑作用。然而 ’即便是這種帶有極性基團的潤滑成分，它在光滑的金屬 表面上的吸附也不是很牢固的，因此在兩個金屬零件相互 磨擦時就易導致在金屬表面與潤滑成分之間的吸附作用被 破壞。為了彌補這一缺陷，在現有技術的汽缸產品中，在 汽缸壁上研磨出一些儲油網紋，以圖不斷地向汽缸壁補充 满滑油。但是儲油網紋不能開得太多和太密，否則就會導 致表面的凹凸不平。因此汽缸壁的絕大部分表面以及活塞Page 5 567246 V. Description of the invention (3) Friction between piston ring and cylinder wall and friction between piston ring and piston groove. Therefore, it is possible to allow the opening gap of the piston ring to disappear in the hot state (working state), thereby greatly improving the sealing performance of the cylinder ′ and greatly improving the working efficiency. And because the friction is reduced, the life of the cylinder can be significantly extended. The inventors have considered that the main reasons for the gapless movement of the piston ring in the cylinder and the small gap movement of the piston ring in the groove of the piston ring are the piston ring and the cylinder wall, the piston ring and the piston ring. The friction between the grooves cannot be significantly reduced. The inventors have learned from the theory of lubrication that the lubrication mechanism of lubricating oil is to form a layer of oil film on the surfaces of two parts rubbing each other, so that the friction between these two parts is directly changed from the original metal surface to the lubricant film. Sliding friction. In particular, the lubricating oil currently sold on the market as a commodity contains various additives. Among them, the additive that functions as a lubricant is a chain-like hydrocarbon with a polar group at one end, which can be adsorbed on the metal. On the surface, the tail end without the polar group is erected upward, so a thick oil film can be formed on the surface of the metal, thereby ensuring the lubrication of the surface of the metal part. However, even with this kind of lubricating component with polar groups, its adsorption on smooth metal surfaces is not very strong, so when two metal parts are rubbed against each other, it is easy to cause between the metal surface and the lubricating component. The adsorption effect is destroyed. To make up for this shortcoming, in the prior art cylinder products, some oil storage textures were ground on the cylinder wall in order to continuously fill the cylinder wall with oil. But the oil storage texture should not be opened too much and too dense, otherwise it will cause unevenness on the surface. So most of the surface of the cylinder wall and the piston

567246 五、發明說明（4) 環的表面都是弁普 的完整。 、’ ^而不能在汽缸的行程中保證油膜 根據這一認識，本發明人 如果在發生相互磨擦的一生如下構思。也就是說， 形成許多均勻密布的 +金屬零件的至少一方的表面上 坑既能起儲存潤滑油=:看不到的微觀小凹坑，這些小凹 部的極性基團鑽 、 用 又苑允許潤滑添加劑分子端 能保證在汽缸的入小凹坑中並牢固地吸附著，這樣便 於這些小凹坑是十^行程中都具有完整的油膜。而且，由 整體的平滑性，因、】的 匕們不會影響金屬零件表面 作為活塞環材料二，不會影響金屬零件的自由滑動。對於 的並且是微觀非始〇金鑄鐵來說，只要找到一種相對較弱 表面上形成這種二^性的腐蝕劑，就有可能在合金鑄鐵的 ^種均勻密布的微小凹坑。 另夕卜’本發日月 如果能有一些％還產生一個如下的構思。也就是說， 坑中，由於這此t性強面且堅硬的小顆粒存在於這些小凹 必能在上述微二、顆粒周圍都吸附有一層潤滑;由，因此勢 磨擦的作帛，=凹坑中自由滚動，從而能得到-種滚動 的磨擦力。 ，就有可旎進一步降低兩個金屬零件之間 報導據本發明人的上述兩種構思尚未有過 思進行了大量有新穎性：構思。本發明人根據上述構 量的試驗，終於找到了適合對法金 :材料進行化學表面微凹坑腐 的合金鑄 腐餘劑。並且本發明人還發現，含鈽的句性的弱 哪土氣化物粒子 567246 五、發明說明（5) (一般的混合稀土皆含右你 ^ ^ , 有鈽，其令的鈽含量接近5 0%)， 特別是由含鈽金屬粉末通過***式氧化反應形成的氧化物 粒子，具有一種既堅硬又包含許多微孔的結構，因此既能 大量地吸油，又能在滾動中不破碎，從而起到一種自由滾 動磨擦的作用’這樣就在極大程度上減輕了兩個金屬零件 之間的磨擦力。由於上述兩個發現，從而完成了本發明。 本發明的技術方案為： 表而二種活塞環的化學表面處理方法，用於減小活塞環的 不1面磨捧六 器中，: 該方法包含下述步驟：將活塞環置於一個容 機油的^入機械油至將活塞環完全淹沒，然後在不會導致 ，向其件下逐漸升溫至22 0— 2 5 0°C (優選230— 240°C ) 亞础二中均勻撒入驗金屬碳酸鹽（優選碳酸鈉）、鹼金屬 巧自曼鹽 γ μ )、驗 I優選亞硝酸鈉）、鹼金屬氯化物（優選氣化鈉 土全μ金屬硝酸鹽（優選硝酸鉀）、酸式磷酸錳和含鈽稀 分和機 禾（優選金屬鈽粉末）組成的混合物，其中各成 #油的加入量應符合下列重量百分比： 鹼金屬妒1分 重量％ 鹼金屬兔酸鹽（優選碳酸鈉） 〇·15_0·50% 0.10-0.30% 〇· 50-1. 2°/〇 丨· 4 0 - 1 · 1 〇/〇 鹼金f確酸鹽（優選亞硝酸鈉） 0.15-0.50% 鹼金展^化物（優選氣化鈉） 酸式ί酸鹽（優選硝酸舒） 八磷酸絲 含鈽稀土 Ϊ U.4(J-1.1% 機械^由 金屬粉末（優選金屬鈽粉末）0· 30-0· 90% ' 餘量 567246 五、發明說明（6) 接著在上述溫度（2 2 0— 2 5 (TC )下保持1 0 — 2 4小時 (優選13-16小時），停止加熱以使油浴自然冷卻，待油 溫冷部至^0C以下後取出活塞環，即為成品。 下面詳細地解釋本發明： 口 ，本發明的方法中，對機械油的種類沒有特別限制， 只要它在220— 25(TC的溫度下不明顯揮發即可。對升溫 度沒^特別限制，κ是不能升溫太快，以免由於機械油中 的扒刀，雜質的揮發而造成濺油。如果發現機械油減少， f及時補充至原來的刻度，以保證機械油能將工件全部淹 沒並保持機械油與各成分的比例。由此可以看出，升溫時 間Ik油洛置=增加而延長，所以不能具體限定升溫時間。 鹼金屬碳酸鹽（例如碳酸鈉或鉀）、鹼金屬亞硝酸鹽 (例如亞硝酸鈉或鉀）、鹼金屬氣化物（例如氣化鈉或鉀 )、鹼金屬硝酸鹽（例如硝酸鉀或鈉）都是具有弱腐蝕性 的物質。但它們的分子是強極性的，而機械油的分子是非 =性的，所以這些添加劑不能溶解於機械油中，不過它們 旎以一種細分散的狀態均勻地懸浮於機械油浴中，於是形 成了一種微觀非均勻性的弱腐蝕劑。這就是本發明人之所 3:Iϊ Ϊ而不是？擇水性介質作為微凹坑腐蝕載體介 的人I德雜主。由於适些弱腐蝕劑的協同作用而在活塞環 ." 表面上形成許多均勻密布的微 :械：：的：：，、，就可能達不能微_ 就可炉mI相纟果匕們在機械油中的比例過大， ,b 過大的小凹坑，從而可能影響活塞環表面的整567246 V. Description of the invention (4) The surface of the ring is all intact. According to this knowledge, if the present inventors have rubbed each other's life, they have the following idea. That is to say, the pits on at least one surface of many uniformly dense + metal parts can not only store the lubricating oil =: microscopic small pits that are not visible, the polar groups of these small pits are drilled and allowed to be lubricated. The molecular end of the additive can be ensured and firmly absorbed in the small pits of the cylinder, so that these small pits have a complete oil film in the ten strokes. In addition, due to the overall smoothness, the surface of the metal parts will not affect the surface of the metal parts. As the material of the piston ring, it will not affect the free sliding of the metal parts. For the microscopic non-primary gold cast iron, as long as a relatively weak surface is found to form such a bipolar etchant, it is possible to uniformly and densely pit small alloy pits. On the other hand, if there is some%, it will also generate a concept as follows. That is to say, in the pits, because these strong and hard small particles exist in these pits, they must be able to adsorb a layer of lubrication around the microsecond and the particles; therefore, the potential friction acts as a pit, = pits Free rolling, so you can get a kind of rolling friction. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the interval between two metal parts. According to the inventors, the above-mentioned two concepts have not been considered yet, and a lot of novelty has been carried out: ideas. The inventors finally found an alloy casting residue suitable for chemical surface micro-pitting corrosion of law gold: materials based on the experiments of the above composition. And the present inventor also found that the rhenium-containing sentence-like weak neat compound particles 567246 V. Description of the invention (5) (General mixed rare earths all contain right ^ ^, there is 钸, which makes the 钸 content close to 50% ), Especially oxide particles formed by thorium-containing metal powder through explosive oxidation reaction, has a structure that is both hard and contains many micropores, so it can absorb a large amount of oil and not break during rolling, thereby A free-rolling friction effect 'this greatly reduces the friction between the two metal parts. As a result of the above two findings, the present invention has been completed. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Two types of chemical surface treatment methods for piston rings are used to reduce the irregular surface of the piston ring. The method includes the following steps: placing the piston ring in a container Add oil to the engine oil until the piston ring is completely submerged, and then gradually increase the temperature to 22 0-2 50 ° C (preferably 230-240 ° C) under the condition that it will not cause the piston ring to submerge evenly. Metal carbonate (preferably sodium carbonate), alkali metal (manganese salt γ μ), test I is preferably sodium nitrite), alkali metal chloride (preferably gasified sodium soil full μ metal nitrate (preferably potassium nitrate), acid formula A mixture of manganese phosphate and rhenium-containing thinner and organic grass (preferably metal rhenium powder), wherein the amount of each added oil should meet the following weight percentages: 1% by weight of alkali metal, alkali metal rabbit salt (preferably sodium carbonate) ) 〇 · 15_0 · 50% 0.10-0.30% 〇 · 50-1. 2 ° / 〇 丨 · 4 0-1 · 1 〇 / 〇 alkali gold f acid salt (preferably sodium nitrite) 0.15-0.50% alkali gold Zinc compound (preferably sodium gaseous acid) Acidic acid salt (preferably sodium nitrate) octaphosphate phosphate containing rare earth rhenium U.4 ( J-1.1% mechanical ^ from metal powder (preferably metal rhenium powder) 0 · 30-0 · 90% ′ balance 567246 V. Description of the invention (6) Then keep at the above temperature (2 2 0— 2 5 (TC) 10 to 24 hours (preferably 13 to 16 hours), stop heating to allow the oil bath to cool naturally, and take out the piston ring after the oil temperature cold part is below 0 ° C, which is the finished product. The invention is explained in detail below: In the method of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the type of mechanical oil, as long as it does not significantly volatilize at a temperature of 220-25 ° C. There is no particular limitation on the temperature rise, and κ cannot be heated too fast, so as not to be caused by machinery The squeegee in the oil causes the oil to splash due to the volatilization of impurities. If the mechanical oil is found to be reduced, f should be replenished to the original scale in time to ensure that the mechanical oil can completely submerge the workpiece and maintain the ratio of the mechanical oil to each component. It can be seen that the heating time Ik is set to increase and increase, so the heating time cannot be specifically limited. Alkali metal carbonate (such as sodium or potassium carbonate), alkali metal nitrite (such as sodium or potassium nitrite), alkali metal gas Compounds (such as sodium gas or ). Alkali metal nitrates (such as potassium nitrate or sodium) are weakly corrosive. However, their molecules are highly polar, and the molecules of mechanical oil are non-negative, so these additives cannot be dissolved in mechanical oil. However, they are evenly suspended in a mechanical oil bath in a finely dispersed state, and thus form a micro-heterogeneous weak corrosive agent. This is what the inventors have 3: Iϊ ϊ instead of? Select an aqueous medium as the micro The pits are corroded by the carrier I. The main reason is that due to the synergistic effect of some weak corrosive agents, a lot of uniformly dense micro: mechanical :::: ,, can be reached on the surface. _ The proportion of mI phase daggers in the mechanical oil is too large, and the small pits that are too large may affect the integrity of the surface of the piston ring.

567246 五 體 、發明說明（7) 平滑性567246 Five-body, invention description (7) Smoothness

另 金鑄鐵表面錳是-種磷化劑，它能對活塞環的合 而提高合金縳鐵矣化作用，生成一種鱗化物保護膜，從 熱的油浴中合右f面的耐磨性。另一方面，酸或磷酸錳在 能夠較牢固地吸生成二氧化錳。這種二氧化錳 夠吸附大量的潤淋、山σ、鑄鐵的表面上，並且二氧化錳能 厚的潤滑油膜。:夠在活塞環的表面上形成更 則可能達不到起的用量如果不足〇.40重量％， i重量 、』起碼的磷化效果。相反，如果其用量超過iIn addition, the manganese on the surface of gold cast iron is a kind of phosphating agent, which can improve the alloying iron binding effect on the piston ring and form a scale protective film, which combines the right f-side abrasion resistance from the hot oil bath. On the other hand, acid or manganese phosphate can more strongly absorb manganese dioxide. This manganese dioxide is able to adsorb a large amount of wetting, sigma, and cast iron surfaces, and manganese dioxide can be a thick lubricant film. : It is enough to form on the surface of the piston ring. If it is less than 0.40% by weight, the weight of i will be at least as small as phosphating effect. Conversely, if its usage exceeds i

斜活里# 0S’則會由於在反應時生成的二氧化锰過多而影響 ' %表面的微凹坑腐蝕反應，因此將酸式磷酸錳的人 里限疋為0.4 〇— 11重量％。Oblique # 0S ’will affect the micro-pitting corrosion reaction on the surface due to too much manganese dioxide generated during the reaction. Therefore, the man-made limit of acid manganese phosphate is 0.4 to 11% by weight.

另外’稀土金屬都是活潑的金屬，它們容易與空氣中 的氧發生反應而變成稀土氧化物。其中，二氧化鈽是一種 堅硬的顆粒狀物，它可以作為拋光磨料使用。而由金屬飾 粉末通過***式氧化反應形成的二氧化鈽具有一種多孔而 堅硬的結構，所以它能吸附大量的濁滑油並陷在活塞環表 面的微觀凹坑中自由滾動。而通過在水溶液中沈澱而生的 二氧化鈽則不能具有這種多孔的結構。這就是本發明人之 所以選擇含鈽稀土金屬（優選鈽金屬）而不直接選擇二氧 化鈽作為反應添加物的主要理由。本發明人將經過本方法 處理的活塞環切片置於5 0 0倍的顯微鏡下觀察，可以看到 在活塞環表面上有一層厚約〇.01 _的附著物。並且在2000 倍的電子顯微鏡下能觀察到有些附著物能以球狀的形態滾In addition, the rare earth metals are active metals, and they easily react with oxygen in the air to become rare earth oxides. Among them, hafnium dioxide is a kind of hard particles, which can be used as a polishing abrasive. The thorium dioxide formed by the explosive oxidation reaction of metallic decorative powder has a porous and hard structure, so it can absorb a large amount of turbid oil and roll freely in the microscopic pits on the surface of the piston ring. Hafnium dioxide, which is produced by precipitation in an aqueous solution, cannot have such a porous structure. This is the main reason why the present inventors chose a rare earth metal containing erbium (preferably erbium metal) instead of directly selecting erbium dioxide as a reaction additive. The inventors put the piston ring slice processed by the method under a microscope at 500 times to observe, and it can be seen that there is a layer with a thickness of about 0.011 mm on the surface of the piston ring. And under 2000 times electron microscope, it can be observed that some attachments can roll in a spherical shape.

第10頁 567246 五、發明說明（8) 動。而從上述幾種添加成分的 球狀顆粒只能是含鈽的稀土氧 由於這些含鈽稀土氧化物顆粒 自由滾動，因此使活塞環在汽 由現有技術中的滑動磨擦模式 式，從而在極大程度上減小了 於同樣的道理，活塞環在活塞 程度的減小。 當然，如果對活塞也進行 可以降低活塞（尤其是活塞裙 和進一步降低活塞環與活塞環 塞的材質是合金鋁而不是合金 處理配方不同于本發明的配方 本發明人將以另一個發明提出 另外’操作溫度如果低於 蝕的速度太慢，對生產率不利 則會導致微凹坑腐蚀的速度過 可能影響金屬表面的整體平滑 時有可能導致機械油的部分炭 均勻性。因此將微凹坑腐蝕的 °C，優選 230°C — 240°C。 另外，操作溫度的保持時 凹坑的形成不夠充分。相反， 坑的形成可能過度。因此將操 化學性質判斷，這些滾動的 化物（尤其是二氧化鈽）。 在活塞環表面微觀凹坑中的 缸内的往復運動磨擦的實質 轉變成本發明的滾動磨擦模 金屬表面之間的磨擦力。由 環槽中的磨擦力也會有同樣 類似的微凹坑腐蝕處理，還 部）與汽缸壁之間的磨擦力 槽之間的磨擦力。但由於活 鑄鐵，所以它的微凹坑腐蝕 ，故不屬於本發明的範疇。 專利申請。 2 2 0°C ’則會導致微凹坑腐 。相反，如果高於2 5 0°C， 快，容易造成凹坑過大甚至 性。並且當溫度超過2 5 〇〇c 化，從而影響微凹坑腐蝕的 操作溫度限定為2 2 〇°c — 2 5 0 間如果少於1 〇小時，則微觀 如果多於2 4小時，則微觀凹 作溫度的保持時間限定為1 0Page 10 567246 V. Description of Invention (8). The spherical particles from the above-mentioned several kinds of added components can only be rhenium-containing rare earth oxygen. Because these rhenium-containing rare earth oxide particles roll freely, the sliding friction mode of the piston ring in the prior art is thus greatly affected. In the same way, the piston ring is reduced in the piston. Of course, if the piston is also performed, the piston can be lowered (especially the material of the piston skirt and the piston ring and piston ring plug is alloy aluminum instead of alloy. The formulation is different from the formula of the present invention. The inventor will propose another invention in addition to 'If the operating temperature is too slow below the rate of corrosion, it will be detrimental to productivity and will cause the micropit corrosion rate to be too high. It may affect the overall smoothness of the metal surface and may cause partial carbon uniformity of the mechanical oil. Therefore, the micropits will be corroded. ° C, preferably 230 ° C-240 ° C. In addition, the formation of pits is not sufficient when the operating temperature is maintained. On the contrary, the formation of pits may be excessive. Therefore, judging by chemical properties, these rolling compounds (especially two) The osmium oxide). The substantial transformation of the reciprocating friction in the cylinder in the microscopic pits on the surface of the piston ring is the friction force between the metal surfaces of the rolling friction mold of the invention. The friction force in the ring groove will also have the same similar microconcavity. Corrosion treatment of the pit, and friction between the friction groove between the cylinder wall and the cylinder. However, the micro-pitting corrosion of live cast iron does not belong to the scope of the present invention. patent application. 2 2 0 ° C 'will cause micro-pitting corrosion. Conversely, if it is higher than 250 ° C, it is fast, and it is easy to cause pits to be too large or even susceptible. And when the temperature exceeds 2500c, the operating temperature that affects micro-pitting corrosion is limited to 2200 ° c-250. If the time is less than 10 hours, the microscopic is more than 24 hours, then the microscopic The holding time of the concave working temperature is limited to 1 0

第11頁 567246 五、發明說明（9) —2 4小時，優選1 3— 1 6小時。 與本領域的同類現有技術相比，本發明的方法可以獲 得如下的有益效果： 一、 在汽缸總體設計方面的效果 1、 可以縮小活塞環的開口間隙，此間隙可降低至汽 缸直徑的0. 10-0. 25%，比常規設計小一半以上，在汽缸運 轉而使活塞環受熱伸長後，此間隙消失，並且由於活塞環 與汽缸壁的磨擦模式由常規的滑動磨擦模式轉變成本發明 的滾動磨擦模式，因此即便在活塞環的開口間隙消失時也 不會造成拉缸，從而能大大提高密封度和汽缸的工作效率 2、 可使用無網紋或淺網紋汽缸，從而可以降低汽缸 的生產成本。 二、 應用于内燃機時的有益效果； 1、 汽缸壓縮力提高，縮短了柴油機的著火落後期， 改善了柴油機的動力性和經濟性； 2、 潤滑油消耗減小，降低了内燃機尾氣中的顆粒排 放物； 3、 汽缸整體壽命提高1 - 2倍； 4、 冷起動性能改善； 5、 怠速穩定性提高； 6、 運轉噪音降低； 7、 不存在缸面油膜破壞現象，明顯減少拉缸傾向； 8、 潤滑油不易老化，換油期延長一倍以上。Page 11 567246 V. Description of the invention (9)-2 4 hours, preferably 1 3-16 hours. Compared with similar prior art in the field, the method of the present invention can obtain the following beneficial effects: First, the effect in the overall design of the cylinder 1, the opening gap of the piston ring can be reduced, this gap can be reduced to 0 of the cylinder diameter. 10-0. 25%, more than half smaller than the conventional design. After the piston ring is heated and extended by the cylinder operation, this gap disappears, and the friction mode of the piston ring and the cylinder wall is changed from the conventional sliding friction mode to the rolling of the invention. Friction mode, so even when the opening gap of the piston ring disappears, the cylinder will not be pulled, which can greatly improve the sealing degree and the working efficiency of the cylinder. 2. Can use non-textured or light-textured cylinders, which can reduce the production of cylinders. cost. 2. Beneficial effects when applied to internal combustion engines; 1. Increased cylinder compression force shortens the ignition delay period of diesel engines, improves the power and economy of diesel engines; 2. Reduces the consumption of lubricating oil and reduces particles in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines Emissions; 3. The overall life of the cylinder is increased by 1-2 times; 4. The cold start performance is improved; 5. The idle speed stability is improved; 6. The running noise is reduced; 7. The phenomenon of oil film damage on the cylinder surface does not exist and the tendency to pull the cylinder is significantly reduced; 8. Lubricating oil is not easy to age, and the oil change period is more than doubled.

567246 五、發明說明（ίο) 三、應用於活塞式空壓機時的有益效果 1、 吸氣直空度加大，汽缸密封性加強，打氣快； 2、 壓縮氣體中含油量少； 3、 汽缸、活塞的壽命延長1 - 2倍。 具體實施例1 下面通過具體實施例和應用例來具體地解釋本發明， 但本發明不受這些實例的限定。 將3 0個汽油機的活塞環放入一個金屬容器中，向其中 倒入3 2號機械油4 8 3 0 g，這時機械油淹沒了全部活塞環。567246 V. Description of the Invention (ίο) III. Beneficial effects when applied to piston air compressors 1. Increased air intake straightness, enhanced cylinder tightness and fast pumping; 2. Less oil content in compressed gas; 3. The life of cylinders and pistons is extended by 1-2 times. Specific Embodiment 1 The present invention is specifically explained below through specific embodiments and application examples, but the present invention is not limited by these examples. Put 30 piston rings of a gasoline engine into a metal container, and pour 3 2 3 4 3 3 g of mechanical oil into it. At this time, the mechanical oil flooded all the piston rings.

在不導致濺油的條件下用電加熱逐漸升溫至2 3 5°C，用小 勺子分幾次於約1 5分鐘内撒入由碳酸鈉15g、亞确酸納15g 、氣化鈉10g、硝酸鉀40g、酸式磷酸錳35g、金屬鈽粉末 3 0 g組成的混合物，這時各種成分在全部固體添加劑與機 械油混合物中所占的重量百分比例分別為：碳酸鈉0. 3 0 % 、亞硝酸鈉0 · 3 0 %、氯化鈉0 . 2 0 %、硝酸鉀0 . 8 0 %、酸式磷 酸鹽0· 70%、金屬鈽粉末0. 60%、潤滑油約97. 1%。當添加 劑加完後，在約2 3 5°C下保溫1 4小時，然後斷電以使其自 然冷卻，待油浴溫度降低至4 0°C時將活塞環取出，作為成 品待用。Under the condition of not causing oil splashing, gradually increase the temperature to 2 3 5 ° C, and use a small spoon to sprinkle 15g of sodium carbonate, 15g of sodium sulfite, 10g of sodium vaporization within 15 minutes. A mixture consisting of 40 g of potassium nitrate, 35 g of manganese acid phosphate, and 30 g of metal gadolinium powder. At this time, the weight percentages of the various components in the total solid additive and mechanical oil mixture are respectively: sodium carbonate 0.30%, sub 1%。 Sodium nitrate 0.3%, sodium chloride 0.20%, potassium nitrate 0.80%, acid phosphate 0.70%, metal rhenium powder 0.60%, lubricating oil about 97.1%. After the additives are added, keep the temperature at about 2 3 5 ° C for 14 hours, and then turn off the power to allow it to cool naturally. When the oil bath temperature drops to 40 ° C, take out the piston ring and use it as a finished product.

實施例2 本實施例和各種工藝條件基本上與實施例1相同，所 不同之處只是用含鈽的混合稀土金屬粉末（其中鈽含量約 50重量％)代替實施例1中的金屬鈽粉末。 實施例3Example 2 This example and various process conditions are basically the same as those of Example 1, except that the mixed rare earth metal powder containing rhenium (wherein the rhenium content is about 50% by weight) is used instead of the metal rhenium powder in Example 1. Example 3

第13頁 567246 五、發明說明（11) 本實施例的各種工 不同之處只是將處理物 油機活塞環。 實施例4Page 13 567246 V. Description of the invention (11) The various differences of this embodiment are only the piston ring of the engine. Example 4

藝條件 件由原 基本 來的 本實施例的各種工藝條件基本上 不同之處只是將處理物件由原來的汽 壓機活塞環。 與實施例1相同，所 油機活塞環改變為空 貫施例 本實施例的各種工藝條件基本上與實施 不同之處只是將處理物件由原來的汽油機 j 问’科 油機活塞冑。 戰活塞裱改變為The process conditions are basically the same. The various process conditions of this embodiment are basically different except that the processing object is transferred from the original piston ring of the steam press. As in Embodiment 1, the piston ring of the oil engine is changed to the empty embodiment. The various process conditions of this embodiment are basically different from the implementation except that the processing object is changed from the original gasoline engine to the engine piston. War Piston Framed changed to

實施例6 本實施例的各種工藝條件基本上與實 不同之處只是將處理物件由原來的汽油機 壓機活塞環。 下面通過應用例來說明本發明方法的 施例2相同，所 活塞環改變為空 有益效果； 應用例1 :單獨處理汽油機活塞環時的效果 把在實施例1中獲得的經處理的汽油機活塞产 一汽發動機廠出產的CA61 02汽油機中以對公交應&用於 動機進行改造。該汽油機的原設計為：缸經χ行的汽油發 =1 0 1 · 6 m mx 11 4 · 3 m m。活塞環開口間隙設計：第 、一 0.5 - 0.7mm,第二道氣環0.4 - 0.6mm，第：r道裔芦 道氣環Embodiment 6 The various process conditions of this embodiment are basically different from the actual ones except that the treated object is replaced by the original gasoline engine piston ring. In the following, an application example is used to illustrate that the method of the present invention is the same as in Example 2 and the beneficial effect of changing the piston ring to empty; Application Example 1: The effect when the gasoline engine piston ring is processed separately In the CA61 02 gasoline engine produced by FAW Engine Factory, the bus application & The original design of the gasoline engine was: the gasoline output of the cylinder passing through χ = 0 1 · 6 m mx 11 4 · 3 m m. Piston ring opening clearance design: first, first 0.5-0.7mm, second air ring 0.4-0.6mm, the first: r road source Lu road air ring

第四道油環〇· 3-0· 5mm;配缸間隙〇β 〇2-0. 〇6mm。 、 mm， 改k後第The fourth oil ring 0.3-0.5mm; cylinder clearance 〇β 〇2-0. 〇6mm. , Mm, after k

567246 五、發明說明（12) 一道環開口間隙0· 12mm，第二和第三道環為0. 10mm，第四道 環為0. 0 6mm。試驗證明，發動機吸氣真空度明顯加大，車 輛動力和經濟性明顯改善。 應用例2 :單獨處理柴油機活塞環時的效果 把在實施例3中獲得的經處理的柴油機活塞應用於上 海柴油機廠出產的D 6 1 1 4柴油機中以對公交車的柴油發動 機進行改造。該柴油機的原設計為：缸徑X行程=11 4mmx 13 5mm。活塞環開口間隙設計：第一道氣環0 . 4-0 . 6mm，第 二道氣環0· 4-0. 6mm，第三道油環0. 3-0. 5mm;配缸間隙 0· 17-0. 2 3mm。改造後第一道環開口 0 · 1 5mm，第二道環 0· 19mm，第三道環0. 07mm。經2. 5萬公里行駛，該輛公交車 動力性能良好，燃油消耗較改造前同期平均下降8. 0 %。潤 滑油消耗明顯減少，換油期延長約1倍，自由加速煙度小 於2度（國家標準為5度），氣缸壓縮力提高約2 0°/◦。拆機 檢查結果極為良好，汽缸套幾乎無磨損，活塞環磨損量很 小，又裝回重新使用。 應用例3 :同時處理汽油機活塞環和活塞時的效果 把在實施例1中獲得的經處理的汽油機活塞環與按照類似 的微凹坑腐蝕處理方法獲得的活塞配合應用於一汽發動機 廠出產的CA6 1 02汽油機中以對公交車的汽油發動機進行改 造 。所獲結果比應用例1的結果還要好。例如，在改造後， 第一道環的開口間隙可降至0. 10mm，第四道環的開口間隙 可降至0. 0 5mm。這兩個開口間隙不但要比改造前的開口間567246 V. Description of the invention (12) A ring opening gap of 0.12mm, the second and third rings are 0.10mm, and the fourth ring is 0.06mm. The test proves that the intake vacuum of the engine is significantly increased, and the power and economy of the vehicle are significantly improved. Application Example 2: Effect when the diesel engine piston ring is treated separately The treated diesel engine piston obtained in Example 3 is applied to a D 6 1 1 4 diesel engine produced by Shanghai Diesel Engine Factory to modify the diesel engine of a bus. The original design of this diesel engine was: cylinder bore X stroke = 11 4mm x 13 5mm. Piston ring opening clearance design: the first air ring 0. 4-0. 6mm, the second air ring 0 · 4-0. 6mm, the third oil ring 0. 3-0. 5mm; with cylinder clearance 0 · 17-0. 2 3mm. 07mm。 After the transformation of the first ring opening 0 · 15mm, the second ring 0 · 19mm, the third ring 0. 07mm. After driving for 25,000 kilometers, the bus has good dynamic performance and the fuel consumption has dropped by an average of 8.0% compared to the same period before the transformation. Lubricating oil consumption has been significantly reduced, the oil change period has been extended by approximately 1 time, the free acceleration smoke has been less than 2 degrees (5 degrees national standard), and the cylinder compression has been increased by approximately 20 ° / ◦. The disassembly inspection results are very good, the cylinder liner is almost wear-free, the piston ring wear is very small, and it is put back and reused. Application Example 3: Effects of Simultaneous Processing of Gasoline Engine Piston Rings and Pistons The treated gasoline engine piston ring obtained in Example 1 was used with a piston obtained by a similar micro-pit corrosion treatment method to apply to CA6 produced by FAW Engine Factory In the 02 gasoline engine, the gasoline engine of the bus was modified. The obtained result is better than that of the application example 1. 0 5mm。 For example, after the transformation, the opening gap of the first ring can be reduced to 0. 10mm, the opening gap of the fourth ring can be reduced to 0. 0 5mm. The gap between these two openings is not only larger than the opening before the renovation

第15頁 567246 五、發明說明（13) 隙小得多（只相當於原開口間隙的10%-20%)。而且也明 顯地小於單用本發明的活塞環與常規活塞配合時所能達到 的最小間隙。原機鏜缸鑲缸套珩磨，使配缸間隙達到 -0 · 0 2mm (過盈，即活塞裙部尺寸比氣缸内徑大）_ 〇 (無隙）. 在進行公交車行駛試驗時，所有結果比應用例1的結果還要 好。 應用例4 :同時處理柴油機活塞環和活塞時的效果 把在實施例3中獲得的經處理的柴油機活塞環與按照 類似的微凹坑腐蝕處理方法獲得的活塞配合應用於上海柴 油機廠出產的D 6 1 1 4柴油機中以對公交車的柴油發動機進 行改造。所獲結果比應用例2的結果還要好。例如，在改 造後，第二道環的開口間隙可降低至0. 1 8mm。如採用淺網 紋小直徑缸套，可使其配缸間隙降到0. 0 7mm。這兩個間隙 不但要比改造前的開口間隙小得多，而且也明顯地小於單 用本發明的活塞環與常規活塞配合時所能達到的最小間隙 。在進行公交車行駛試驗時，所有結果比應用例2的結果 還要好。 應用例5:含釗J稀土金屬與金屬筛的效果比較 使用實施例2獲得的經處理的汽油機活塞環，其結果 與應用例1的結果差不多。 應用例6:含鈽稀土金屬與金屬鈽的效果比較 使用實施例5獲得的經處理的柴油機活塞環，其結果 與應用例2的結果差不多。 由應用例5和應用例6的結果可以看出，使用含鈽混合Page 15 567246 V. Description of the invention (13) The gap is much smaller (only equivalent to 10% -20% of the original gap). It is also significantly smaller than the minimum clearance that can be achieved when the piston ring of the present invention is used alone with a conventional piston. The boring cylinder of the original machine was honing to make the cylinder clearance reach-0 · 0 2mm (interference, that is, the size of the piston skirt is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder) _ 〇 (no gap). During the bus driving test, all The result is better than that of application example 1. Application Example 4: Effect of Simultaneous Processing of Diesel Engine Piston Rings and Pistons The treated diesel engine piston ring obtained in Example 3 and the piston obtained according to a similar micro-pit corrosion treatment method were applied to D produced by Shanghai Diesel Engine Factory. In the 6 1 1 4 diesel engine, the diesel engine of the bus is modified. The obtained result is better than that of the application example 2. For example, after the modification, the gap of the second ring can be reduced to 0.1 8mm. 0 7mm。 If a shallow-textured small-diameter cylinder liner is used, the cylinder clearance can be reduced to 0. 7mm. These two gaps are not only much smaller than the opening gap before the modification, but also significantly smaller than the minimum gap that can be achieved when the piston ring of the present invention is used alone with a conventional piston. When the bus driving test was performed, all the results were better than those of the application example 2. Application Example 5: Comparison of the effects of the rare earth metal containing J and metal sieve The treated gasoline engine piston ring obtained in Example 2 was similar to the result of Application Example 1. Application Example 6: Comparison of the effects of rhenium-containing rare earth metal and metal rhenium The treated diesel piston ring obtained in Example 5 was similar to the result of Application Example 2. It can be seen from the results of Application Example 5 and Application Example 6 that using rhenium-containing mixture

567246 五、發明說明（14) 稀土金屬（其中含鈽約5 0 %)來進行微凹坑腐蝕處理所獲 得的效果與使用金屬鈽獲得的效果差別不大，但仍以通過 金屬鈽粉末處理獲得的結果較好一些。 由以上的實施例和應用例可以看出，本發明適用於對 包括汽油機、柴油機等各種發動機和空壓機在内的各種汽 缸活塞環的改造，可明顯地提高活塞和汽缸的工作效率和 延長活塞環和整個汽缸的壽命。並且既節約燃料用油和潤 滑油，又能減少汽車或空壓機類排氣的污染。因此在工業 上具有很好的前景。567246 V. Description of the invention (14) The effect of rare earth metal (containing about 50% of thorium) on micro-pit corrosion treatment is not much different from the effect obtained by using metal thorium, but it is still obtained by metal thorium powder treatment. The results are better. As can be seen from the above embodiments and application examples, the present invention is applicable to the modification of various cylinder piston rings including various engines such as gasoline engines, diesel engines and air compressors, and can significantly improve the working efficiency and extension of pistons and cylinders. The life of the piston ring and the entire cylinder. And not only save fuel oil and lubricant, but also reduce the pollution of automobile or air compressor type exhaust. Therefore, it has great prospects in industry.

第17頁 567246 圖式簡單說明 第18頁Page 17 567246 Schematic Illustration Page 18

Claims (1)

567246^ α* 六、申請專利範菌 1 · 一種活塞環的化學表面處理方法，用於減小活塞環 的表面磨擦力，其特徵在於：該方法包含下述步驟：將活 塞置於一個容器中，倒入機械油至將活塞環完全淹沒，然 後在不會導致濺油的條件下逐漸升溫至2 2 0 - 2 5 0°C，向其 中均勻撒入由鹼金屬碳酸鹽、鹼金屬亞硝酸鹽、鹼金屬氣 化物、鹼金屬硝蠢鹽、酸式磷酸錳和含鈽稀土金屬粉末組 成的混合物，其中各成分和機械油的加入量應符合下列重 量百分比： 重量％ 0. 15-0. 50°/〇 0.15-0.50% 0.10-0.30% 0. 50-1.2% 0.40-1.1% 0.30-0.90% 餘量 成分 驗金屬碳酸鹽 鹼金屬亞硝酸鹽 驗金屬氣化物 鹼金屬硝酸鹽 酸式磷酸錳 含鈽稀土金屬粉末 機械油 接著在上述溫度下保持10-24小時，停止加熱以使油浴自然 冷卻，待油溫冷卻至5 0°C以下後取出活塞環，即為成品。 Φ 2、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的含飾金屬粉末是金屬飾的粉末。 3、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的鹼金屬碳酸鹽是碳酸鈉。 4、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的鹼金屬亞硝酸鹽是亞硝酸鈉。567246 ^ α * VI. Patent application Fan 1 · A chemical surface treatment method for piston rings, used to reduce the frictional force of the surface of the piston rings, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: placing the piston in a container , Pour mechanical oil until the piston ring is completely submerged, and then gradually increase the temperature to 2 2-2 50 ° C under conditions that will not cause oil splashing, and evenly sprinkle alkali metal carbonate, alkali metal nitrite into it A mixture of salts, alkali metal vapors, alkali metal nitrates, acid manganese phosphate and rhenium-containing rare earth metal powders, wherein the amount of each component and the mechanical oil should be in accordance with the following weight percentages: 0. 15-0. 50 ° / 〇0.15-0.50% 0.10-0.30% 0. 50-1.2% 0.40-1.1% 0.30-0.90% The rest of the composition test metal carbonate alkali metal nitrite test metal gasification alkali metal nitrate hydrochloride manganese phosphate containing钸 Rare earth metal powder mechanical oil is then maintained at the above temperature for 10-24 hours, and the heating is stopped to allow the oil bath to cool naturally. After the oil temperature is cooled below 50 ° C, the piston ring is taken out to obtain a finished product. Φ 2. The chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the metal-containing decorative powder is a metal decorative powder. 3. The chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the alkali metal carbonate is sodium carbonate. 4. The chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the alkali metal nitrite is sodium nitrite. 第19頁 567246 六、申請專利範圍 5、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的鹼金屬氣化物是氯化鈉。 6、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的鹼金屬硝酸鹽是硝酸鉀。 7、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的活塞環的化學表面處 理方法，其中所說的操作溫度為2 3 0 - 2 4 0°C。 8、如申請專利範圍第1項或第7項所述的活塞環的化 學表面處理方法，其中所說的操作溫度的保持時間最佳為 1 3 - 1 6小時。Page 19 567246 6. Scope of patent application 5. The chemical surface treatment method for the piston ring as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the alkali metal vapor is sodium chloride. 6. The chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the alkali metal nitrate is potassium nitrate. 7. The chemical surface treatment method for the piston ring according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the operating temperature is 2 3 0-2 40 ° C. 8. The chemical surface treatment method for a piston ring according to item 1 or item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the holding time of the operating temperature is preferably 1 to 16 hours. 第20頁Page 20