TW555845B - Fluid atomization process - Google Patents

Fluid atomization process Download PDF

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Publication number
TW555845B
TW555845B TW91104744A TW91104744A TW555845B TW 555845 B TW555845 B TW 555845B TW 91104744 A TW91104744 A TW 91104744A TW 91104744 A TW91104744 A TW 91104744A TW 555845 B TW555845 B TW 555845B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
fluid
atomizing
water vapor
central channel
channel
Prior art date
Application number
TW91104744A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Jackson I Ito
Leonard Schoenman
Dean C Draemel
Teh C Ho
George Alexander Swan Iii
Original Assignee
Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US09/824,332 external-priority patent/US20010043888A1/en
Priority claimed from US09/824,333 external-priority patent/US6454933B2/en
Application filed by Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co filed Critical Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW555845B publication Critical patent/TW555845B/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
    • C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/102—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet in an internal mixing chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/101—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet
    • F23D11/104—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting before the burner outlet intersecting at a sharp angle, e.g. Y-jet atomiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

A process and apparatus for atomizing a fluid is disclosed. The processes and apparatuses are useful for atomizing a feed oil for a fluid cat cracking (FCC) or other suitable process. An apparatus for atomizing a fluid comprising: a central passageway comprising at least one feed inlet, an outlet and at least one atomization fluid passageway configured to fluidly communicate with the central passageway at an atomization fluid passageway outlet, the apparatus further comprising a heating zone configured to promote heat exchange between the central passageway and the at least one atomization fluid passageway, the central passageway outlet positioned downstream from the position at which the atomization fluid passageway exits into the central passageway.

Description

555845 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（）） 背景 本發明係關於液體之霧化，其中霧化氣體係藉由與待 霧化之熱液體進行間接熱交換而受熱。更特定言之，本發 明係關於液體霧化之方法及設備，其中霧化水蒸汽係藉由 與待霧化之熱液體進行間接熱交換而被加熱至過熱溫度及 一高速度。此可用於F C C過程中以使熱進料油霧化。 使高流速之熱且十分黏稠的流體（如流化床催化裂化 (F C C )過程中所用之重質石油潤滑油進料）霧化是一 在石油加工業已確立且廣泛使用之方法，其主要是將高沸 點之石油潤滑油轉化成更具價値之低沸點產品，包括汽油 及柴油如煤油、噴氣式發動機燃料及柴油機燃料、以及燃 料油。在F C C過程中，預熱之油進料係在壓力下與水蒸 汽或低分子量（即C 4 -)氣體混合，以形成一含有水蒸汽 或氣相及液態油相之兩相流體。將此流體通過一霧化工具 (如銳孔），進入低壓霧化區，以使之霧化成可接觸到熱 的裂化催化劑微粒之油滴噴霧。進料之霧化將在霧化銳孔 或霧化工具下游立即被引發’並且可持續到下游氣門反應 區。蒸汽比輕質烴氣更常使用，以減低氣體壓縮設備及下 游產品分餾的蒸氣負荷。爲了使F C C進料中所用之相當 重質且黏稠之殘留油的餾份增加’就需要更多更熱之水蒸 汽來進行霧化。然而，很多設備的水蒸汽容量有限’且蒸 汽典型地都是飽和，因而限制了有效處理較重質進料的能 力0 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝· 、-u555845 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the Invention () Background The present invention relates to the atomization of liquids, in which the atomized gas system is heated by indirect heat exchange with the hot liquid to be atomized. . More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for liquid atomization, in which atomized water vapor is heated to a superheated temperature and a high speed by indirect heat exchange with a hot liquid to be atomized. This can be used in the F C C process to atomize the hot feed oil. Atomizing hot, very viscous fluids with high flow rates (such as heavy petroleum lubricating oil feed used in fluidized bed catalytic cracking (FCC) processes) is a well established and widely used method in the petroleum processing industry. Convert high-boiling petroleum lubricants into more expensive low-boiling products, including gasoline and diesel such as kerosene, jet fuel and diesel fuel, and fuel oils. In the F C C process, the preheated oil feed is mixed with water vapor or low molecular weight (ie C 4-) gas under pressure to form a two-phase fluid containing water vapor or a gas phase and a liquid oil phase. This fluid is passed through an atomizing tool (such as a sharp hole) into a low-pressure atomizing zone to atomize it into a spray of oil droplets that can come into contact with hot cracked catalyst particles. The atomization of the feed will be initiated immediately downstream of the atomizing sharp hole or the atomizing tool 'and can continue to the downstream valve reaction zone. Steam is used more often than lighter hydrocarbons to reduce the vapor load on gas compression equipment and downstream product fractionation. In order to increase the fraction of the relatively heavy and viscous residual oil used in the F C C feed, more hotter steam is needed for atomization. However, many devices have limited water vapor capacity and the steam is typically saturated, which limits the ability to effectively handle heavier feeds. 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.)-装 ·, -u

本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X -4- 555845 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 Μ —一 _ Β7五、發明説明（2) 摘沭_ 本發明係關於流化床催化裂化（F C C )方法，其中 係藉用霧化氣體使熱進料油霧化，且至少有一部份的霧化 氣體係經由與熱進料油進行間接熱交換而受熱。熱交換是 在霧化工具上游於至少一個熱交換工具中發生；舉例之， 熱交換工具包括一熱傳導裝置或有著許多流體通路工具在 其內之實體，每一流體通路工具有至少一個流體入口及出 口，以使氣體及熱油分別地流進或流出，在此間接熱交換 期間熱油便使氣體加熱。霧化乃意謂著使液態進料油形成 含有不連續且分散之油小滴或油液滴。霧化係經由使流體 通過至少一個霧化工具進入低壓霧化區而完成。當使用一 個以上之霧化工具時，可依連續流動方式排列或平行流動 方式排列，而較佳地是平行。受熱之霧化氣體較佳地是包 括水蒸汽，其可與或無需與一或多個其他氣體（如烴氣或 蒸氣）混合。因此，本文所用之’蒸汽’ 一詞並不表示排 除了其他氣體與水蒸汽之混合。然而，霧化氣體較佳地是 包含至少9 5體積％水蒸汽，更佳地是全部爲水蒸汽。在 本發明之實施中，是將蒸汽加熱至過熱溫度，而在較佳之 具體實施例中，此過熱之蒸汽是從熱交換工具中流出，再 以高速度注入流動的熱油性流體中。高速度乃是指水蒸汽 之馬赫數較佳地大於0 . 5 ，更佳地大於0 . 8 ，甚而更 佳地大於0 . 9。熱油流經熱交換工具時可爲只含有熱進 料油之單相流體，或是包含氣體（較佳地爲水蒸汽）及熱 油之兩相流體。本文中所用之’流體’ 一詞係表示涵蓋單 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· 訂This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X -4- 555845 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs M— 一 _ Β7 V. Description of the invention (2) Abstract _ This invention is about Fluidized bed catalytic cracking (FCC) method, in which atomized gas is used to atomize the hot feed oil, and at least a part of the atomized gas system is heated by indirect heat exchange with the hot feed oil. The heat exchange is Occurs in at least one heat exchange tool upstream of the atomization tool; for example, the heat exchange tool includes a heat transfer device or an entity having a plurality of fluid passage tools therein, and each fluid passage tool has at least one fluid inlet and outlet to The gas and hot oil flow in and out separately, and the hot oil heats the gas during this indirect heat exchange. Atomization means that the liquid feed oil is formed into discrete or dispersed oil droplets or oil droplets. .Atomization is accomplished by passing the fluid into the low-pressure atomization zone through at least one atomization tool. When using more than one atomization tool, it can be arranged in a continuous flow or parallel flow They are arranged in parallel, and preferably in parallel. The heated atomizing gas preferably includes water vapor, which may or may not be mixed with one or more other gases (such as a hydrocarbon gas or vapor). Therefore, as used herein, The term 'steam' does not mean that mixing of other gases with water vapor is excluded. However, the atomizing gas preferably contains at least 95% by volume of water vapor, and more preferably all water vapor. In the practice of the present invention Is to heat the steam to a superheat temperature, and in a preferred embodiment, the superheated steam flows out of the heat exchange tool and is injected into the flowing hot oily fluid at a high speed. High speed refers to the water vapor The Mach number is preferably greater than 0.5, more preferably greater than 0.8, and even more preferably greater than 0.9. The hot oil flowing through the heat exchange means may be a single-phase fluid containing only hot feed oil, or A two-phase fluid containing gas (preferably water vapor) and hot oil. The term 'fluid' used in this article means a cover sheet (please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -5- 555845 經濟部智1財產^7員工消費合作社印製 A7 _________B7__五、發明説明（3) 一液相及包含氣相與液相之兩相混合物。過熱水蒸汽（較 佳地在高速度下）將注入流動之流體中以增加液相之表面 積。增高的速度可減少所需之蒸汽量並增加用來增進液態 表面積之動能（亦即e = m v 2 )，此舉可經由被霧化之油 噴霧的較小液滴尺寸而終究顯明出來。過熱水蒸汽可注水 蒸汽及熱進料油之兩相流體，或（i i )其液相表面積會 增加之兩相流體。也就是說，若水蒸汽將注入之熱流體是 一單相液體時，將水蒸汽注入該液體會產生一含有水蒸汽 相及液相之兩相流體。若水蒸汽所注入之熱流體是一含有 水蒸汽（或氣體）及熱液態油之兩相流體時，將水蒸汽注 入該液體會增加該流體中液相的表面積。兩相流體係通過 並流經一霧化工具，然後進入低壓霧化區，其中該水蒸汽 將膨脹形成一含有已霧化滴之噴霧。霧化工具典型地包括 一眾所皆知之減壓並增速的銳孔，但其也可包括一在低壓 霧化區上游之減壓並增速的地帶或區域，其中該水蒸汽將 充分地膨脹以形成油滴噴霧。如下文詳述般，霧化區可包 括或不包括部份的熱交換工具。若其包括部份的熱交換工 具，將典型地座落在最接近其流體出口處。在另一具體實 施例中，所有或部份在熱交換工具中形成之過熱水蒸汽係 以’震動水蒸汽’直接進入兩相流體內（當其離開霧化工 具欲進入低壓霧化區時），以提供霧化油更均一之小滴尺 寸分布。 根據本發明之實施，在F C C方法中有至少部份的霧 化蒸汽將加熱至過熱溫度，熱進料油典型地將注入部份的 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝·This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -5- 555845 Intellectual property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ 7 Printed by employee consumer cooperative A7 _________B7__ V. Description of the invention (3) A liquid phase and a gas phase Two-phase mixture with liquid phase. Superheated steam (preferably at high speeds) will be injected into the flowing fluid to increase the surface area of the liquid phase. Increasing the speed can reduce the amount of steam required and increase the kinetic energy used to increase the surface area of the liquid (ie, e = m v 2), which is eventually manifested by the smaller droplet size of the atomized oil spray. Superheated steam can be injected as a two-phase fluid of steam and hot feed oil, or (i i) a two-phase fluid whose liquid surface area will increase. That is, if the hot fluid to be injected by water vapor is a single-phase liquid, injecting water vapor into the liquid will produce a two-phase fluid containing a water vapor phase and a liquid phase. If the hot fluid injected by water vapor is a two-phase fluid containing water vapor (or gas) and hot liquid oil, injecting water vapor into the liquid will increase the surface area of the liquid phase in the fluid. The two-phase flow system passes through an atomizing tool and then enters a low-pressure atomizing zone, where the water vapor will expand to form a spray containing atomized droplets. The atomizing tool typically includes a well-known decompression and increasing sharp hole, but it may also include a zone or region of decompressing and increasing velocity upstream of the low pressure atomizing zone, where the water vapor will be sufficient Swells to form a spray of oil droplets. As detailed below, the atomization zone may or may not include a portion of the heat exchange means. If it includes part of a heat exchange tool, it will typically be located closest to its fluid outlet. In another specific embodiment, all or part of the superheated water vapor formed in the heat exchange tool is directly entered into the two-phase fluid as 'vibrating water vapor' (when it leaves the atomization tool and wants to enter the low-pressure atomization zone) To provide a more uniform droplet size distribution of the atomized oil. According to the implementation of the present invention, in the FCC method, at least part of the atomized steam will be heated to superheat temperature, and the hot feed oil will typically be injected into the part (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)- ·

、1T, 1T

本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） -6- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 霧化水蒸汽中或與之混合’以便在熱交換工具所產生之過 熱蒸汽注入之前，形成兩相流體。典型地，此將在熱交換 工具上游發生。部份先前的或上游之水蒸汽會過熱，但更 典型地是全部爲飽和水蒸汽。在具體實施例之一中熱交換 工具可包括如銳孔之霧化工具。在另一具體實施例中，其 將包括可混合在上游形成之兩相流體的工具，以增加液體 進料油相的表面積。在實施本發明時，熱油狀流體流經熱 交換工具所引起的溫降（即使水蒸汽加熱至過熱溫度）， 典型地是小於6 °C。若飽和水蒸汽進入熱交換工具時，在 其通過此一工具後會使該水蒸汽過熱，接著此過熱水蒸汽 便注入或衝擊到流動之熱流體中。若是過熱水蒸汽進入熱 交換工具，其過熱的溫度將更增高。在另一情況下，在熱 交換工具內所加熱或形成之過熱蒸汽係以霧化氣體方式直 接進入流動之熱流體中。熱交換工具和霧化工具此二者典 型地涵蓋部份進料注入裝置，其可將熱的已霧化油滴噴射 進入催化裂化器反應區，使之與熱催化劑粒子接觸，此熱 催化劑粒子能以催化方式將熱油裂化成更有價値、且通常 是低沸點之物質。注入裝置通常包括有進料導管，其內放 置者水蒸汽噴霧器，以形成包含熱油進料及水蒸汽之兩相 流體。導管將此兩相流體送入熱交換工具內，同時在此工 具中所生成之過熱蒸汽將注入此流動流體中以增加液相的 表面積。雖然單相液態流體也可流入熱交換工具內，但在 F C C方法中更典型的是含有水蒸汽及液態進料油之兩相 流體。在其中熱交換工具也可混合流動流體的具體實施例 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -7- 555845 A7 __B7 五、發明説明（5) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 中，流體是一包含水蒸汽相及液態進料油相之兩相、水蒸 汽持續不斷之流體。在另一情況中，兩相流體先形成，後 來再注入過熱水蒸汽，且較佳地是在通過霧化工具時水蒸 汽還持續著。兩相流體流經霧化工具進入低壓霧化區時， 其中水蒸汽會膨脹而流體會被霧化形成油滴噴霧。噴霧分 布工具或管尖較佳地係用來使液態油滴噴霧成形，形成所 需之形狀，並且典型地係緊臨注入裝置的下游末端。此噴 霧分布工具是位於霧化工具的下游或者其上游入口可涵蓋 霧化工具。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 實施本發明時，霧化工具上游之流體壓力是比霧化區 或膨脹區還高。在F C C過於中，注射器內之流體壓力是 高過霧化區，霧化區在F C C催化裂化反應中可涵蓋，或 是通向催化裂化反應區，並且與反應區是直接的流體通 路。如一般已知地，此反應區典型的包括一氣門。高速過 熱之水蒸汽注入流體時，縱使通過霧化工具或銳孔後有非 常低的流體壓降（亦即〜6 9 k P a )，但該所得之已霧 化液體也能產生較小的沙得平均液滴直徑。將馬赫數大於 0 . 5之高速水蒸汽注入流體中，可減少霧化所需之水蒸 汽量，但不會加大已霧化液滴的尺寸。在短時間內使進料 蒸發將可能產生較多量的有用裂化產品。進料蒸發是許多 因素的函數，包括已霧化進料液體的液滴大小、形狀及液 滴噴霧的均一性。 在一般認知中，本方法包括有霧化過程，其中含有待 霧化液體之熱流體係流入熱交換工具內，與霧化氣體進行 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格( 210X 297公釐） -8 - 555845 經濟部智慧財產局R工消費合作社印製 A7 一 B7五、發明説明（6) 間接熱交換以加熱該氣體。在本發明內文中，’氣體，一 詞乃意謂著包括水蒸汽及/或任何其他適用做爲霧化流體 之氣態物質，如C 4 -烴蒸氣、氮氣及其類似物。然而，在 F C C方法中，典型地是全部爲水蒸汽。受熱之霧化氣體 係以高速度注入流動之熱流體中，以幫助流體中的液體霧 化成小滴噴霧。如所說明，此流體係藉由流入至少一個霧 化工具如銳孔中，並進入低壓霧化區而霧化。流經熱交換 工具之流體可爲單相之待霧化液體，或含該液體及霧化氣 體之兩相流體。當進入霧化銳孔時，此流體將包含兩相流 體，且最佳地是氣體持續不斷。此兩相流體可在過熱水蒸 汽注入流體之前即形成，或者是過熱水蒸汽注入之後才形 成。在二者任一情況中，流體在過熱水蒸汽注入後皆包含 有氣體持續不斷的兩相流體。在熱交換工具中及霧化工具 上游的壓力係大於霧化區下游的壓力。在和典型F C C方 法相關的更詳細具體實施例中，本發明包括步驟： (a ) 在壓力下將霧化水蒸汽注入一流動、熱的液 態F C C進料油中，以形成含有該熱油及水蒸汽之兩相流 體； b ) 使水蒸汽及（a )中所形成之熱的兩相流體流 經熱交換工具中的各別導管，其中該流動之熱流體將藉由 間接熱交換而使水蒸汽加熱至過熱溫度； (c ) 將在（b )中形成之過熱的熱水蒸汽注入該 熱流體中，以增加液相的表面積，並形成一水蒸汽持續不 斷的兩相流體； 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. •訂This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -6- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (4) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee consumer cooperatives print or mix with atomized water vapor to form a two-phase fluid before the superheated steam generated by the heat exchange tool is injected. Typically, this will occur upstream of the heat exchange tool. Some previous or upstream water vapor will overheat, but more typically all saturated water vapor. In one embodiment, the heat exchanging tool may include an atomizing tool such as a sharp hole. In another embodiment, it will include tools that can mix two-phase fluids formed upstream to increase the surface area of the liquid feed oil phase. In the practice of the present invention, the temperature drop (even if the water vapor is heated to a superheated temperature) caused by the flow of hot oily fluid through the heat exchange tool is typically less than 6 ° C. If saturated water vapor enters the heat exchange tool, the water vapor will be superheated after passing through the tool, and then the superheated water vapor is injected or impinged into the flowing hot fluid. If superheated steam enters the heat exchange tool, the superheated temperature will increase. In another case, the superheated steam heated or formed in the heat exchange means is directly atomized into the flowing hot fluid. Both the heat exchange tool and the atomization tool typically cover a part of the feed injection device that can inject hot atomized oil droplets into the catalytic cracker reaction zone and bring it into contact with the hot catalyst particles, the hot catalyst particles Catalytically cracks hot oil into more expensive, usually low-boiling substances. The injection device typically includes a feed conduit into which a water vapor sprayer is placed to form a two-phase fluid containing a hot oil feed and water vapor. The duct sends the two-phase fluid into the heat exchange tool, and the superheated steam generated in the tool is injected into the flowing fluid to increase the surface area of the liquid phase. Although single-phase liquid fluids can also flow into heat exchange tools, two-phase fluids containing water vapor and liquid feed oil are more typical in the F C C method. Specific embodiments in which the heat exchange tool can also mix flowing fluids This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -7- 555845 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (5) (Please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again.) The fluid is a two-phase fluid containing a water vapor phase and a liquid feed oil phase. In another case, a two-phase fluid is formed first, and then superheated steam is injected, and it is preferred that the water vapor continues while passing through the atomizing tool. When the two-phase fluid flows through the atomization tool and enters the low-pressure atomization zone, the water vapor will expand and the fluid will be atomized to form an oil droplet spray. The spray distribution tool or tube tip is preferably used to spray-shape liquid oil droplets into the desired shape and is typically located immediately downstream of the injection device. This spray distribution tool is located downstream of the spray tool or its upstream inlet may cover the spray tool. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. When the present invention is implemented, the fluid pressure upstream of the atomization tool is higher than the atomization area or the expansion area. In F C C is too high, the fluid pressure in the syringe is high over the atomization zone. The atomization zone can be covered in the F C C catalytic cracking reaction, or it leads to the catalytic cracking reaction zone and is in direct fluid communication with the reaction zone. As generally known, this reaction zone typically includes a valve. When high-speed superheated water vapor is injected into the fluid, even though there is a very low fluid pressure drop after passing through the atomizing tool or sharp hole (that is, ~ 69 kPa), the resulting atomized liquid can also produce a smaller Saad average droplet diameter. Injecting high-speed water vapor with a Mach number greater than 0.5 into the fluid can reduce the amount of water vapor required for atomization, but will not increase the size of the atomized droplets. Evaporating the feed in a short period of time will likely produce a larger amount of useful cracked products. Feed evaporation is a function of many factors, including the droplet size, shape, and uniformity of droplet spray of the atomized feed liquid. In general knowledge, this method includes an atomization process, in which a heat flow system containing a liquid to be atomized flows into a heat exchange tool, and the atomization gas is used for this paper. This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) ) -8-555845 Printed by A, R, and B Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, A7, B7, and V. Invention Description (6) Indirect heat exchange to heat the gas. In the context of the present invention, the term 'gas' is meant to include water vapor and / or any other gaseous substance suitable as an atomizing fluid, such as C 4 -hydrocarbon vapor, nitrogen, and the like. However, in the F C C method, it is typically all water vapor. The heated atomizing gas is injected into the flowing hot fluid at a high speed to help the liquid in the fluid atomize into a droplet spray. As illustrated, this flow system is atomized by flowing into at least one atomizing tool, such as a sharp hole, and entering a low pressure atomizing zone. The fluid flowing through the heat exchange means may be a single-phase liquid to be atomized, or a two-phase fluid containing the liquid and the atomized gas. When entering the atomized sharp hole, this fluid will contain a two-phase fluid, and most preferably a continuous gas. This two-phase fluid may be formed before the superheated steam is injected into the fluid or after the superheated steam is injected. In either case, after the superheated steam is injected, the fluid contains a continuous two-phase gas. The pressure in the heat exchange tool and upstream of the atomizing tool is greater than the pressure downstream of the atomizing zone. In a more detailed embodiment related to a typical FCC process, the present invention includes the steps of: (a) injecting atomized water vapor into a flowing, hot liquid FCC feed oil under pressure to form the hot oil and A two-phase fluid of water vapor; b) flowing water vapor and the hot two-phase fluid formed in (a) through respective conduits in a heat exchange tool, wherein the flowing hot fluid will be made by indirect heat exchange The water vapor is heated to the superheat temperature; (c) the superheated hot water vapor formed in (b) is injected into the hot fluid to increase the surface area of the liquid phase and form a continuous two-phase fluid with water vapor; the paper Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page).

-9- 經濟部智慧財產局D貝工消費合作社印製 555845 A7 ___ B7_____ 五、發明説明（7 ) (d ) 使該水蒸汽持續不斷的流體流經至少一個霧 化工具中，並進入至少一個低壓霧化區，以使該流體至少 部份霧化，同時形成一含有該進料油液滴之噴霧。 噴霧可於催化裂化區內或靠近催化裂化區形成，或者 可在催化裂化反應區進行。 更進一步之具體實施例包括·· （ i )於反應區內，並 在能有效催化裂化該進料油以產生低沸點烴及用過之催化 劑粒子（其含有可汽提之烴及焦炭）的反應條件下，令該 噴霧與一微粒狀、熱的再生裂化催化劑接觸；（i i )在 分離區中，將該步驟（i )所生成之低沸點烴從用過之催 化劑粒子中分離，並在汽提區汽提該催化劑粒子以移去該 可汽提之烴，進而產生經汽提之焦催化劑粒子；（ 1 i i )使該經汽提之焦催化劑粒子進入再生區，其中該 粒子將在能有效使焦炭燒盡之條件下與氧氣接觸，以便產 生熱的再生催化劑粒子；以及（i v )使此熱的再生粒子 進入催化裂化區。 另一具體實施例包括一過程爲：（a )使一溫度高於 2 6 0 °C之含有油及水蒸汽的流體與第二股水蒸汽進行熱 交換，如此第二股水蒸汽會變成過熱之水蒸汽；（b )將 此過熱水蒸汽注入該流體中；以及C c )令該由步驟 (b )中所得之股流進入霧化區。 又另一具體實施例包括一過程爲：（a )噴射第一股 水蒸汽及油使形成兩相流體；（b ) 使該兩相流體與第 二股水蒸汽進行熱交換，如此第二股水蒸汽會變成過熱之 $紙張尺度適用中國國家標準( CNS ) A4規格（2 Η) X 297公釐) " -10 - , VW (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-9- Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, D Shelley Consumer Cooperative, 555845 A7 ___ B7_____ V. Description of the Invention (7) (d) The continuous flow of the water vapor through at least one atomizing tool and into at least one A low-pressure atomization zone to atomize the fluid at least partially while forming a spray containing the feed oil droplets. The spray may be formed in or near the catalytic cracking zone, or may be performed in the catalytic cracking reaction zone. Further specific embodiments include (i) in the reaction zone and in a region which is effective to catalytically crack the feed oil to produce low boiling hydrocarbons and used catalyst particles (which contain strippable hydrocarbons and coke); Under the reaction conditions, the spray is brought into contact with a particulate, hot regenerative cracking catalyst; (ii) in the separation zone, the low-boiling hydrocarbons produced in step (i) are separated from the used catalyst particles, and Stripping the catalyst particles in a stripping zone to remove the strippable hydrocarbons, thereby producing stripped coke catalyst particles; (1 ii) allowing the stripped coke catalyst particles to enter the regeneration zone, where the particles will be in The coke can be effectively contacted with oxygen under the conditions of burning out so as to generate hot regenerated catalyst particles; and (iv) the hot regenerated particles enter the catalytic cracking zone. Another specific embodiment includes a process: (a) heat exchange between a fluid containing oil and water vapor at a temperature higher than 250 ° C and a second water vapor, so that the second water vapor will become superheated Water vapor; (b) injecting this superheated water vapor into the fluid; and Cc) causing the stream obtained in step (b) to enter the atomization zone. Yet another specific embodiment includes a process: (a) spraying a first stream of water vapor and oil to form a two-phase fluid; (b) causing the two-phase fluid to perform heat exchange with a second stream of water, such that the second stream Water vapor will become overheated. The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (2mm) X 297mm) " -10-, VW (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8) 水黑汽；（C ) 將此過熱水蒸汽注入該兩相流體中；以 及（d )令該由步驟（C )中所得之股流進入霧化區。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又另一具體實施例包括一過程爲：（a )將第一股水 蒸汽與油組合起來使形成兩相流體；（b ) 使該兩相流 體與第一股水黑汽進行熱交換，如此第二股水蒸汽會變成 過熱之水黑汽；（c ) 將此過熱水蒸汽注入該兩相流體 中；以及（d )使該由步驟（c )中所得之股流減壓，再 流入噴霧分布區。 又另一具體實施例，其F C C過程包括有：（a ) 將第一股水蒸汽與F C C進料股流組合起來使形成一兩相 流體；（b ) 使該兩相流體與第二股水蒸汽進行熱交 換，如此第二股水蒸汽會變成過熱之水蒸汽；（c ) 將 此過熱水黑汽注入該兩相流體中；以及（d )使該由步驟 (c )中所得之F C C進料股流流經霧化區而進入f C C 反應器內。 又另一具體實施例包括一過程爲：（a ) 使一含有 待霧化液體之流體與霧化氣體進行熱交換，如此該霧化氣 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 體變成過熱；（b ) 將此過熱之霧化氣體注入該流體 中；以及（c )令該由步驟（b )中所得之股流流入霧化 ° 又另一具體實施例包括有一使流體霧化之設備，此設 備包括：涵蓋至少一個入口、出口之中央通道，及至少一 個霧化用流體通道（其在霧化用流體通道之出口設計了可 與中央通道流暢地交通），此設備可進一步包括一加熱 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -11 - 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（9) 區，其係設計來促進中央通道與至少一個霧化用流體通道 之間的熱交換，中央通道出口係位於霧化用流體通道出口 進入中央通道處的下游。 又另一具體實施例包括有一使流體霧化之設備，此設 備包括：（a )涵蓋至少一個待霧化流體之入口的中央通 道；（b )位於至少一個入口的下游處之霧化區；（c ) 及至少一個霧化用流體通道，其設計了可經由霧化用流體 通道之出口而與中央通道流暢地交通，其中霧化用流體通 道之出口有一個大於6 0。之向前銳角，且係同中心地圍 繞在該中央通道的周長上；以及（d )加熱區，其係設計 來促進中央通道與至少一個霧化用流體通道之間的熱交 換，其中加熱區是位於霧化區上游。 又另一具體實施例包括有一使流體霧化之設備，此設 備包括：（a ) 涵蓋至少一個待霧化流體之入口的中央 通道；（b )位於至少一個入口的下游處之霧化區； (c )及至少一個霧化用流體通道，其設計了可經由霧化 用流體通道之出口而與中央通道流暢地交通，其中霧化用 流體通道之出口有一個大於6 0°之向前銳角，且是同中 心地圍繞在該中央通道的周長上；以及（d )加熱區，其 係設計來促進中央通道與至少一個霧化用流體通道之間的 熱交換；（e)位於中央通道內霧化用流體通道出口之上 游處的股流分離器，其中該中央通道具有二維之橫切面， 二維中至少一個係沿著至少一部份長度的中央通道而於下 游方向會聚，同時霧化區也具有一包括二維度之橫切面， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) Water black vapor; (C) Inject this superheated steam into the two-phase fluid; and (d) Let the stream obtained in step (C) enter the atomization zone. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Yet another specific embodiment includes a process: (a) combining the first water vapor with oil to form a two-phase fluid; (b) making the two phases The fluid exchanges heat with the first water black vapor, so that the second water vapor will become superheated water black vapor; (c) inject this superheated water vapor into the two-phase fluid; and (d) make the step ( c) The obtained stream is decompressed and then flows into the spray distribution area. In yet another specific embodiment, the FCC process includes: (a) combining a first stream of water vapor with an FCC feed stream to form a two-phase fluid; (b) combining the two-phase fluid with a second stream of water The steam undergoes heat exchange so that the second water vapor becomes superheated water vapor; (c) the superheated black vapor is injected into the two-phase fluid; and (d) the FCC obtained in step (c) is charged into The stream passes through the atomization zone and enters the f CC reactor. Yet another specific embodiment includes a process of: (a) exchanging a fluid containing a liquid to be atomized with an atomized gas, so that the printed body of the employee consumer cooperative of the intellectual property bureau of the atomized gas economy becomes overheated; (B) injecting the superheated atomizing gas into the fluid; and (c) causing the stream obtained in step (b) to flow into the atomization. Yet another embodiment includes a device for atomizing the fluid, The device includes: a central channel covering at least one inlet and outlet, and at least one atomizing fluid channel (the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel is designed to smoothly communicate with the central channel). The device may further include a heating device. This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -11-555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) Zone, which is designed to promote the passage between the central channel and at least one atomizing fluid channel For heat exchange, the outlet of the central channel is located downstream from the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel into the central channel. Yet another embodiment includes a device for atomizing a fluid, the device comprising: (a) a central channel covering an inlet of at least one fluid to be atomized; (b) an atomizing zone located downstream of the at least one inlet; (C) and at least one atomizing fluid channel, which is designed to smoothly communicate with the central channel through the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel, wherein one of the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel is greater than 60. Acute forward angle and concentrically surrounds the perimeter of the central channel; and (d) a heating zone designed to promote heat exchange between the central channel and at least one atomizing fluid channel, where heating The zone is located upstream of the atomizing zone. Yet another embodiment includes a device for atomizing a fluid, the device comprising: (a) a central channel covering at least one inlet of the fluid to be atomized; (b) an atomizing zone located downstream of the at least one inlet; (c) and at least one atomizing fluid channel, which is designed to smoothly communicate with the central channel through the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel, wherein the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel has a forward acute angle greater than 60 ° And concentrically surround the perimeter of the central channel; and (d) a heating zone designed to promote heat exchange between the central channel and at least one atomizing fluid channel; (e) located in the central channel The splitter upstream of the outlet of the internal atomizing fluid channel, wherein the central channel has a two-dimensional cross-section, and at least one of the two dimensions converges in the downstream direction along the central channel of at least a part of the length, and The fogging area also has a cross-section that includes two-dimensionality. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this )

經濟部智慧財4局S(工消費合作社印¾ -12- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1〇) 其二維中至少一個係沿著至少一部份長度的霧化區而於下 游方向分歧。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又另一具體實施例包括有一流化床催化裂化裝置，此 裝置包括含有至少一個進料噴嘴之反應器，其中至少一個 進料噴嘴涵蓋有：（i )含有至少一個F C C進料入口之 中央通道；（i i ) 一出口，其涵蓋了可與反應區流暢地 交通之霧化區；（i i i )至少一個霧化用流體通道，其 可經由霧化用流體通道之出口而與中央通道流暢地交通； 以及（i v ) —加熱區，其係設計來促進F C C進料與霧 化流體未混合前，彼等之間的熱交換。 再另一具體實施例包括有供石油產品霧化之噴嘴，其 包括：（1 )含有至少一個石油進料入口之中央通道； (i i )涵蓋了霧化區及噴霧分布器（其設計來促進預定 之噴霧圖樣）之出口； （ i i i ) 至少一個霧化用流體 通道，其可經由霧化用流體通道之出口而與中央通道流暢 地交通；以及（i v ) —加熱區，其係設計來促進石油進 料與霧化流體未混合前，彼等之間的熱交換。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖之簡略說明 圖1係一引用本發明之熱交換工具時F C C進料注射 器的簡化橫切面示意性側面圖。 圖2 Ca)及圖2 (b)係本發明之FCC進料注射 器的簡化橫切面示意性側面圖及平面圖，其中熱交換工具 也可混合兩相流體。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11) 圖3係一在圖1所示之熱交換工具下游外端上之水蒸 汽注射汽門的圖。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖4係實施本發明時之催化裂化過程的示意圖。 圖5 ( a )及5 ( b )係解說噴霧器的構造。 ZC件對照表 10 F C C進料注射器 12 導管 14 熱交換工具 16 凸緣 18 霧化工具 2 0 凸緣 22 水蒸汽管道或導管 2 2 噴霧器 2 4 噴霧流體通道 2 6 圍牆工具（終止牆） 2 8 進料管線（進料入口） 經濟部智懇財產局員工消費合作社印製 3 0 圓柱狀內徑 3 2 厚牆 3 4 水蒸汽通道 3 6 水蒸汽入口 3 8 銳孔（過熱水蒸汽出口） 4 〇 下游牆 4 2 凹穴 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -14- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12) 4 4 霧化銳孔 4 6 中空內部 4 8 霧化管尖 50 進料油注射器 5 2 熱交換工具 54 噴霧分布器及霧化工具 5 6 縱向內柱 5 8 股流分擋器（股流分離器） 6 0 同向牆 60’ 對面牆 6 2 同向牆 62’ 對面牆 64 霧化銳孔 66 水蒸汽管道 6 8 水蒸汽入口 7 0 水蒸汽出口 72 外部金屬牆部份 74 噴霧分布器或管尖 7 6 霧化管尖內部 7 8 凸緣 80 水蒸汽通道 82 水蒸汽入口工具 8 4 水蒸汽出口 1〇0 F C C 裝置 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)4th Bureau of Wisdom and Finance, Ministry of Economic Affairs S (Industrial and Consumer Cooperative Cooperative ¾ -12- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) At least one of the two dimensions is along the atomization area of at least a part of the length and diverges in the downstream direction (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Yet another embodiment includes a first-class catalytic cracking unit, which includes a reactor containing at least one feed nozzle, where at least one feed nozzle covers : (I) a central channel containing at least one FCC feed inlet; (ii) an outlet covering an atomizing zone that can be smoothly communicated with the reaction zone; (iii) at least one atomizing fluid channel, which can be passed through The outlet of the atomizing fluid channel communicates smoothly with the central channel; and (iv)-a heating zone designed to promote heat exchange between the FCC feed and the atomizing fluid before they are mixed. Yet another Specific embodiments include nozzles for atomizing petroleum products, including: (1) a central channel containing at least one petroleum feed inlet; (ii) covering an atomizing zone and a spray distributor (designed to facilitate Fixed spray pattern); (iii) at least one atomizing fluid channel, which can communicate with the central channel smoothly through the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel; and (iv) a heating zone, which is designed to promote petroleum The heat exchange between the feed and the atomized fluid before they are mixed. A brief description of the printed diagram of the consumer cooperative of the staff of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Cross-sectional schematic side view. Figure 2 Ca) and Figure 2 (b) are simplified cross-sectional schematic side views and plan views of the FCC feed injector of the present invention, where the heat exchange tool can also mix two-phase fluids. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -13- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Figure 3 is the water vapor on the downstream outer end of the heat exchange tool shown in Figure 1. Illustration of injection valve. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the catalytic cracking process when the present invention is implemented. 5 (a) and 5 (b) illustrate the structure of a sprayer. ZC parts comparison table 10 FCC feed injector 12 Conduit 14 Heat exchange tool 16 Flange 18 Atomization tool 2 0 Flange 22 Water vapor pipe or conduit 2 2 Sprayer 2 4 Spray fluid channel 2 6 Fence tool (termination wall) 2 8 Feed line (feed inlet) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 3 0 Cylindrical inner diameter 3 2 Thick wall 3 4 Water vapor passage 3 6 Water vapor inlet 3 8 Sharp hole (superheated steam outlet) 4 〇 Downstream wall 4 2 Concave This paper is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm). -14- Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 555845 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (12) 4 4 Atomizing sharp holes 4 6 Hollow interior 4 8 Atomizing tube tip 50 Feed oil injector 5 2 Heat exchange tool 54 Spray distributor and atomizing tool 5 6 Vertical inner column 5 8 Splitter (split separator) 6 0 Opposite wall 60 'Opposite wall 6 2 Opposite wall 62' Opposite wall 64 Atomized sharp hole 66 Water vapor pipe 6 8 Water vapor inlet 7 0 Water vapor outlet 72 External metal wall section 74 Spray distributor or pipe tip 7 6 Inside of atomizing tube tip 7 8 Convex Edge 80 Water vapor channel 82 Water vapor inlet tool 8 4 Water vapor outlet 100 FCC device This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page )

-15- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13) 112 催化裂化反應器裝置 114 再生裝置 116 進料氣門 118 催化裂化反應區 12 0 蒸氣-催化劑分離區 12 2 汽提區 12 4 調節板 12 6 管線 128 傳遞管線 130 進料管線 1 3 2 水蒸汽管線 134 進料注射點 13 6 管線 13 8 流化床 14 0 管線 14 2 分離區 144 氣體分布器柵條 14 6 堰 14 8 漏斗 15 0 下導管 152 傳遞管線 1 5 4 管線 詳細說明 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)-15- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (13) 112 Catalytic cracking reactor device 114 Regeneration device 116 Feed valve 118 Catalytic cracking reaction zone 12 0 Vapor-catalyst separation zone 12 2 Stripping zone 12 4 Regulator plate 12 6 Line 128 Transfer line 130 Feed line 1 3 2 Water vapor line 134 Feed injection point 13 6 Line 13 8 Fluidized bed 14 0 Line 14 2 Separation zone 144 Gas distributor grid 14 6 Weir 14 8 Funnel 15 0 Downcomer 152 Transfer line 1 5 4 Detailed description of the line This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

-16 - 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（14) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 重要參數包括平均液滴直徑及已霧化油進料噴射進入 F C C方法之氣門反應區時之液滴大小分布。較小的油滴 尺寸及更均句分布的油滴圖樣會影響油進料之蒸發速率， 及油與氣門中升起之熱裂化催化粒子的有效接觸。雖然不 希望有所限制，但咸信油的蒸發速率是與液滴直徑成反 比。舉例說明之，沙得平均油滴直徑減少2 5 %將可推進 油蒸發速率3 5 - 5 0 %。較長的油蒸發時間會產生較低 的粗汽油選擇率及較高產量的不想要之低價値熱反應產 物，如氫、甲院、乙院、焦炭及高分子量物質。當加入進 料之較重物質，如殘油、殘原油及其類似物的量增加時， 使油進料快速蒸發就變得更重要。一般而言，當F C C進 料中重質物質的量增加時，加到進料注射器內之進料的氣 體量也會增加，以便在霧化銳孔上游形成含有進料液體及 氣體的兩相流體進而達成適當之進料霧化。對F c C進料 霧化而言’該氣體典型地是水蒸汽，橫跨銳孔的壓降係小 於0 · 4Mp a ，且已霧化之液滴尺寸是不大於 1 ，0 0 0微米。最好是達到較小的液滴尺寸及橫跨銳孔 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 的壓降，例如不大於3 0 0微米及〇 · 2 M p a。同時， 較令人滿意的是限制霧化用之水蒸汽量爲少於5重量％水 蒸汽，相對於油進料。本發明可減低所需之水蒸汽量，同 時也可減低已霧化油之沙得平均液滴尺寸。 在本發明中’流經霧化工具並進入流體混合工具或室 之兩相流體可爲連續不段之氣體或液體，或者爲多泡泡 沫；是否當中一個或兩個相是連續時，並不能確知。舉例 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21 〇 X 297公釐） -17- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（15) 之’此舉可藉由參考開放式單元海綿及密閉式單元海綿而 更加明瞭。海綿典型地具有1 ·· 1體積比之空氣對固體 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 比。開放式單元海綿是氣體（空氣）及固體二者接連續 的，然而密閉式單元海綿是固體連續並含有不連續之氣體 小室。在開放式單元海綿中，固體可說是膜或韌帶之形式 (如此即可以兩相氣-液體泡沫存在）。在密閉式單元海 綿中，氣體可想像爲分散在整個固體物質的不連續氣態小 球。有些海綿是落在此二者中間，就如某些含氣相與液相 之兩相流體一樣。若海綿具有氣體連續，但同時並沒有固 體連續，那是不可能的；但可行的是兩相之氣體與液體流 體中，只有氣體連續。所以，流體通過本發明之熱交換工 具的特殊形態並不能確實知道。因此，實施本發明時，液 相表面積之增加包括：（i )形成一有氣體（即水蒸汽） 及液體之兩相流體，（i i )減低任一液態膜的厚度’ 經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 (i i i )減少任一液體流的厚度及/或長度，及 C i v )在霧化之前或期間減小流體中任一液態小球的尺 寸。若是含有液相及氣相之兩相流體時，在混合區中氣體 速度相對於液相速度會增高。當流體流經銳孔或其橫切面 C垂直於流體流動方向）比銳孔或區域上游之流體通道或 導管工具還小的區域（即減壓及增速之銳孔或區域）時， 此速度差也會發生。液相與氣相的速度差會導致液體韌帶 產生，特別是與黏稠液體，如熱F C C進料油。韌帶產生 一詞是表示液體形成延長的小球或小河。在沖擊混合時速 度差最大，而在切削混合時速度差會減小。因此，兩相流 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -18- 555845 A7 —___B7__ 五、發明説明（16) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 體流經減壓銳孔時，或經過沖擊及/或切削混合時，將在 氣體與液體之間產生速度差，此舉會導致液體韌帶產生及 /或液體分散於氣體中，此乃因爲將液體切削到延長的韋刃 帶內及/或分散的液滴中之故。霧化區比霧化銳孔上游的 壓力還低。因此，流經霧化銳孔或工具之流體中的氣體將 快速膨脹，藉此分散了液體流及/或形成液滴而進入霧化 區。霧化期間，任一存在之液體流將斷裂成二或多個液 滴。霧化銳孔可爲不連續、很快辨別的銳孔，或是爲在霧 化區上游之最小橫切面之區域形式。在最嚴格的技術認知 裡’霧化有時係表示增加液體的表面積，而此舉是發生在 水蒸汽或其他氣體與待霧化液體混合或被注入待霧化液體 之時。然而，在本發明內文中，霧化是表示當流體通過霧 化銳孔或區域時，液相在氣相中被打碎或開始打碎成不連 續群體’當流體持續往下游且液體霧化成液滴噴霧分散在 氣相中，此舉會繼續不斷。在一其熱交換工具所形成之過 熱水蒸汽係在兩相流體形成之前注入於流動之液體內的具 體實施例中，水蒸汽的注入將形成兩相流體。 經濟部智慧財產局B工消費合作社印製 關於圖1 ，如圖所示之F C C進料注射器1 〇包括有 中空圓柱體之導管1 2 ，在其下游末端藉由凸緣1 6扣緊 (較佳地是閂緊）C未顯示）熱交換工具的上游末端而連 接著熱交換工具1 4。熱交換工具的下游或出口末端則經 由凸緣2 0扣緊（較佳地是閂緊）（未顯示）而連接著風 扇式霧化工具1 8。如本文所使用，中央通道是表示供進 料從進料入口 2 8到設備出口而流經整個設備的一般性範 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -19- 555845 A7 ____B7 五、發明説明（17) 圍，並可涵蓋霧化區。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 包括圓柱壯中空之管道或導管2 2的水蒸汽噴霧器 (第二個入口），可延伸到導管22上游。噴霧器22是 在其下游末端以圍牆工具2 6來終止，其具有多數個噴霧 流體通道2 4隔開地圍繞在下游末端部份之外圍。這些孔 洞係以放射狀鑽通2 2的圓柱牆，而進入管道內部，其是 定義爲噴霧區（第一個混合區）。熱進料油經由進料管線 2 8 (進料入口）而進入導管1 2並往下游流動，經過噴 霧流體通道2 4，此地區定義爲第一噴霧區，再向前往熱 交換工具1 4。噴霧水蒸汽（或其他合適之流體/氣體） 將經由噴霧流體通道2 4而通入噴霧器2 2內，如圖1所 示，在此點水蒸汽是以放射狀通過而進入流動之熱油進料 中，以便形成一含有水蒸汽及熱油進料之兩相流體。 圖5 ( a )及5 ( b )係解說噴霧器2 2的二擇一具 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 體實施例，其中噴霧流體通道可設計成促進噴霧水蒸汽以 軸向方式流入待霧化之液體（熱油進料）中，可參閱圖5 C a )。圖5 ( b )係解說另一具體實施例，其中噴霧流 體通道可設計成促進噴霧水蒸汽以軸向及放射狀兩種形式 流入待霧化之液體中。如此段落所使用，有關於軸向及放 射狀流動乃表示噴霧水蒸汽的流動係相對於進料流入中央 通道的整個流動。 流經噴霧流體通道2 4的壓降典型地係小於6 9 k P a ，如此即可產生相當的噴霧水蒸汽速度。噴霧水蒸 汽及熱油二者皆高於大氣壓下，同時也高於霧化區或擴張 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -20- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（18) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 區下游之壓力。終止牆2 6的直徑大於導管2 2之直徑， 以便在第一噴霧區的下游末端提供一調節牆型態的固定混 合工具。在一具體實施例中，所有霧化水蒸汽是在熱交換 工具的下游末端處以過熱高速之水蒸汽注入熱油中，如此 就不需要一上游噴霧器。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 藉由噴霧水蒸汽所形成之兩相流體會向前流入熱交換 工具1 4 ，此工具包括一固體導熱金屬，有著圓柱狀內徑 3 0之圓柱體（在此具體實施例中）；之後該兩相流體將 向前流到霧化工具1 8。熱交換是在加熱區進行。熱交換 工具14也可包含多數個水蒸汽通道34 (霧化用流體通 道），其係以周圍環繞方式排列於噴嘴的厚牆3 2內，其 中爲了方便考量只顯現出兩個來。在此具體實施例中，每 --水蒸汽通道是相同的且包括一導管3 4，並具有水蒸汽 入口 3 6 ，水蒸汽係藉由管線（未顯現，僅以兩個箭頭表 示）而從此入口進入。交替地，一或多個在牆3 2內之分 開、環狀空穴互相地以內柱3 0爲同中心，而每一空穴包 括水蒸汽通道，並具有至少一個水蒸汽入口，且會在多數 個過熱水蒸汽出口（其係環繞在熱交換工具的流體出口 處）終止。此具體實施例並沒有顯示。水蒸汽出口也可如 圖1及圖3所示般位於牆的外部下游末端，或者如圖2所 示般，延伸並環繞排列在內柱3 0之內牆四周，緊臨下游 末端。雖然此處只有兩個圖示、非限制性實施例，相信熟 諳此藝者會明暸。在此具體實施例中，內柱3 0和進料導 管1 2的直徑約略相同，以減少流體流入熱交換工具時的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -21 - 555845 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局S工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（19) 壓降。多數個從內柱表面放射狀向中心延伸之調節板、垂 片或縱向肋骨狀物，可在流體流入熱交換工具時用來增力口 有效的熱交換表面及/或做爲固定之混合工具。在所示之 具體實施例中，若需要時，雖然有或多或少的通路及結構 可使用，但每一水蒸汽通道還是有兩個通路流入熱交換工 具厚牆3 2的內部（其係與熱交換工具縱向軸平行），端 視相對溫度、流速，等而定。在此具體實施例中，使水蒸 汽加熱的熱交換表面係由管道或內柱的長度及直徑來決 定。在熱交換工具中所產生的過熱水蒸汽將由多數個位於 熱交換工具下游牆40之銳孔38(霧化用流體通道之出 口）流出，再注入從熱交換工具中流出之流體內，然後進 入霧化工具1 8之凹穴4 2。水蒸汽較佳地係以大於6〇 ° (相對於熱交換工具內柱之縱向軸），如兩個虛線箭頭 所示般注入流出之流體中。在流經熱交換工具之流體是單 一相並只含液體油的情況下，水蒸汽可形成含有水蒸汽及 液體油之兩相流體，以進行隨後之霧化。對一含有水蒸汽 及液體油之兩相流體而言，熱水蒸汽對該從熱交換工具中 流出之流體的衝擊可增加液相的表面積。此一水蒸汽的速 度比上游噴霧水蒸汽還高。當此注射用水蒸汽是馬赫數大 於0 · 5的高速水蒸汽時，便可充作爲震動水蒸汽，並能 更有效地將動能轉換成表面張力能量，進而反映在了液相 表面積的增加上。霧化工具1 8的會聚區4 2可藉由將流 動之流體導入霧化銳孔4 4內以使分散之油小球的聚結減 至最低。在此具體實施例中，霧化銳孔4 4是長方形，其 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝--16-555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Important parameters include the average droplet diameter and the time when the atomized oil feed is injected into the valve reaction zone of the FCC method. Droplet size distribution. Smaller oil droplet sizes and more evenly distributed oil droplet patterns can affect the evaporation rate of the oil feed and the effective contact of the oil with the thermally cracked catalytic particles that rise in the valve. Although not wishing to be limited, the evaporation rate of salt oil is inversely proportional to the droplet diameter. By way of example, a 25% reduction in the average diameter of the Saudi oil droplets will advance the oil evaporation rate by 35-50%. Longer oil evaporation times will result in lower crude gasoline selectivity and higher yields of unwanted, low-cost, thermal reaction products, such as hydrogen, A, A, Coke, and high molecular weight substances. As the amount of heavier substances added to the feed, such as residual oil, residual crude oil, and the like, increases, it becomes more important to quickly evaporate the oil feed. Generally speaking, when the amount of heavy substances in the FCC feed increases, the amount of the feed gas added to the feed syringe also increases, so that two phases containing the feed liquid and gas are formed upstream of the atomized sharp hole The fluid in turn achieves proper feed atomization. For F c C feed atomization, 'the gas is typically water vapor, the pressure drop across the sharp holes is less than 0.4 Mpa, and the atomized droplet size is not greater than 1, 0, 00 microns. . It is best to achieve a smaller droplet size and a pressure drop across the consumer hole of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy ’s Intellectual Property Bureau, such as not greater than 300 microns and 0.2 M p a. At the same time, it is more satisfactory to limit the amount of water vapor used for atomization to less than 5% by weight of water vapor relative to the oil feed. The invention can reduce the amount of water vapor required, and meanwhile, it can also reduce the average droplet size of the sand of the atomized oil. In the present invention, the two-phase fluid flowing through the atomizing tool and entering the fluid mixing tool or chamber may be a continuous segmented gas or liquid, or a multi-bubble foam; whether one or two of the phases are continuous, it cannot be Certainly. For example, the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 0X 297 mm) -17- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) This can be done by referring to the open unit sponge and closed unit Sponge is more clear. Sponges typically have an air-to-solids ratio of 1 ... 1 by volume (please read the notes on the back before filling this page). Open cell sponges are continuous with both gas (air) and solids, while closed cell sponges are solid with continuous and contain discontinuous gas cells. In an open-cell sponge, the solid can be said to be in the form of a membrane or ligament (so it can exist as a two-phase gas-liquid foam). In a closed-cell sponge, the gas can be imagined as a discontinuous gaseous sphere dispersed throughout solid matter. Some sponges fall between these two, just like some two-phase fluids containing gas and liquid phases. If the sponge has gas continuity but no solid continuity at the same time, then it is impossible; but it is feasible that in the two-phase gas and liquid flow, only gas continuity. Therefore, the specific shape of the fluid passing through the heat exchanging tool of the present invention cannot be surely known. Therefore, in the practice of the present invention, the increase in the surface area of the liquid phase includes: (i) forming a two-phase fluid with a gas (that is, water vapor) and a liquid, (ii) reducing the thickness of any liquid film. The Consumer Cooperatives print (iii) reduce the thickness and / or length of any liquid stream, and Civ) reduce the size of any liquid pellets in the fluid before or during atomization. In the case of a two-phase fluid containing a liquid phase and a gas phase, the velocity of the gas in the mixing zone is increased relative to the velocity of the liquid phase. When the fluid flows through the sharp hole or its cross section C is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow) than the fluid channel or conduit tool upstream of the sharp hole or area (ie, the sharp hole or area for decompression and acceleration), this speed Differences can also happen. The difference in velocity between the liquid and gas phases can cause liquid ligaments, especially with viscous liquids, such as hot F C C feed oil. The term ligament formation is used to indicate that the fluid forms an extended pellet or stream. The speed difference is greatest during impact mixing, while the speed difference decreases during cutting mixing. Therefore, the paper size of the two-phase flow is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -18- 555845 A7 —___ B7__ V. Description of the invention (16) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) When flowing through the decompression orifice, or after impact and / or cutting and mixing, a speed difference will be created between the gas and the liquid. This will cause the production of liquid ligaments and / or the dispersion of the liquid in the gas. Cutting into extended wedges and / or dispersed droplets. The atomizing zone has a lower pressure than the upstream of the atomizing sharp hole. As a result, the gas in the fluid flowing through the atomizing sharp holes or tools will expand rapidly, thereby dispersing the liquid flow and / or forming droplets into the atomizing zone. During atomization, any existing liquid stream will break into two or more droplets. Atomized sharp holes can be discontinuous, quickly discernible sharp holes, or in the form of the smallest cross section upstream of the atomized area. In the strictest technical knowledge, 'atomization' sometimes means increasing the surface area of a liquid, and this happens when water vapor or other gas is mixed with or injected into the liquid to be atomized. However, in the context of the present invention, atomization means that when the fluid passes through the atomizing orifices or areas, the liquid phase is broken up or starts to break up into discrete groups in the gas phase. The droplet spray is dispersed in the gas phase and this will continue. In a specific embodiment where the superheated steam formed by the heat exchange tool is injected into the flowing liquid before the two-phase fluid is formed, the injection of water vapor will form a two-phase fluid. Printed by Figure B of the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, as shown in the figure, the FCC feed syringe 10 includes a hollow cylinder tube 12 and is fastened at the downstream end by a flange 16 (more It is better to latch) C not shown) the upstream end of the heat exchange tool and the heat exchange tool 14 is connected. The downstream or outlet end of the heat exchange tool is fastened (preferably latched) by a flange 20 (not shown) to a fan-type atomizing tool 18. As used herein, the central channel is a general template representing the flow of material through the entire equipment from the feed inlet 28 to the equipment outlet. The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -19- 555845 A7 ____B7 V. Description of the invention (17) and can cover the fogging area. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) A water vapor sprayer (second inlet) that includes a cylindrical hollow pipe or duct 2 2 can be extended upstream of the duct 22. The sprayer 22 is terminated at its downstream end with a wall tool 26, which has a plurality of spray fluid channels 24 surrounding the periphery of the downstream end portion at intervals. These holes were drilled radially through a cylindrical wall of 2 2 and entered the interior of the pipe, which was defined as the spray zone (the first mixing zone). The hot feed oil enters the pipe 12 through the feed line 28 (feed inlet) and flows downstream, passes through the spray fluid channel 24, this area is defined as the first spray zone, and then goes to the heat exchange tool 14. The spraying water vapor (or other suitable fluid / gas) will pass into the sprayer 22 through the spraying fluid channel 24, as shown in Fig. 1. At this point, the water vapor enters the flowing hot oil through the radial flow. Material to form a two-phase fluid containing water vapor and hot oil feed. Figures 5 (a) and 5 (b) illustrate alternatives to the sprayer 22, which is an embodiment of a printed consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where the spray fluid channel can be designed to promote the inflow of spray water vapor in an axial manner For the liquid to be atomized (hot oil feed), refer to Figure 5 C a). Figure 5 (b) illustrates another specific embodiment, in which the spray fluid channel can be designed to promote the spray water vapor to flow into the liquid to be atomized in both axial and radial forms. As used in this paragraph, axial and radiative flow means that the flow of spray water vapor is relative to the entire flow of the feed into the central channel. The pressure drop through the spray fluid channel 24 is typically less than 69 kPa, which results in a comparable spray water vapor velocity. Both the spray water vapor and hot oil are higher than atmospheric pressure, and also higher than the atomizing area or expansion. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -20- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Pressure downstream of the zone. The diameter of the stop wall 26 is larger than the diameter of the duct 22 to provide a fixed mixing tool for adjusting the shape of the wall at the downstream end of the first spray zone. In a specific embodiment, all the atomized water vapor is injected into the hot oil with superheated high-speed water vapor at the downstream end of the heat exchange tool, so that an upstream sprayer is not required. The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed a two-phase fluid formed by spraying water vapor to flow forward into the heat exchange tool 1 4. The tool includes a solid thermally conductive metal with a cylindrical inner diameter of 30 ( In this specific embodiment); the two-phase fluid will then flow forward to the atomizing tool 18. Heat exchange is performed in the heating zone. The heat exchange tool 14 may also include a plurality of water vapor channels 34 (atomizing fluid channels), which are arranged in a surrounding manner in the thick wall 32 of the nozzle, and only two of them are shown for convenience. In this specific embodiment, each of the water vapor channels is the same and includes a conduit 3 4 and has a water vapor inlet 3 6. The water vapor is passed through the pipeline (not shown, shown by only two arrows) Entrance. Alternately, one or more separate, circular cavities within the wall 32 are concentric with the inner column 30, and each cavity includes a water vapor channel and has at least one water vapor inlet, and will A superheated steam outlet, which surrounds the fluid outlet of the heat exchange tool, terminates. This specific embodiment is not shown. The water vapor outlet can also be located at the outer downstream end of the wall as shown in Figures 1 and 3, or as shown in Figure 2, extending and surrounding the inner wall of the inner pillar 30, immediately adjacent to the downstream end. Although there are only two illustrated, non-limiting examples, it is believed that those skilled in the art will understand. In this specific embodiment, the diameters of the inner column 30 and the feed duct 12 are approximately the same, so as to reduce the size of the paper when the fluid flows into the heat exchange tool, the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -21 -555845 A7 B7 Printed by S Industry Consumer Cooperatives, Bureau of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Economic Affairs, V. Invention Description (19) Pressure drop. Many adjusting plates, tabs, or longitudinal ribs extending radially from the surface of the inner column to the center can be used to increase the effective heat exchange surface of the power port when the fluid flows into the heat exchange tool and / or as a fixed mixing tool . In the specific embodiment shown, if there are more or less channels and structures available, two channels for each water vapor channel flow into the interior of the heat exchange tool thick wall 32 (which is Parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange tool), depending on the relative temperature, flow rate, etc. In this specific embodiment, the heat exchange surface that heats the steam is determined by the length and diameter of the pipe or inner column. The superheated steam generated in the heat exchange tool will flow out of the sharp holes 38 (the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel) located in the downstream wall 40 of the heat exchange tool, and then injected into the fluid flowing out of the heat exchange tool and then enters. Atomization tool 18 of the cavity 4 2. The water vapor is preferably injected into the effluent fluid at a temperature greater than 60 ° (relative to the longitudinal axis of the inner column of the heat exchange tool) as indicated by two dashed arrows. In the case where the fluid flowing through the heat exchange tool is a single phase and contains only liquid oil, water vapor can form a two-phase fluid containing water vapor and liquid oil for subsequent atomization. For a two-phase fluid containing water vapor and liquid oil, the impact of hot water vapor on the fluid flowing from the heat exchange tool can increase the surface area of the liquid phase. This water vapor is faster than the upstream spray water vapor. When the injection water vapor is high-speed water vapor with a Mach number greater than 0.5, it can be used as vibration water vapor, and can more effectively convert kinetic energy into surface tension energy, which is reflected in the increase in the surface area of the liquid phase. The converging area 4 2 of the atomizing tool 18 can minimize the coalescence of the dispersed oil pellets by introducing the flowing fluid into the atomizing sharp holes 44. In this specific embodiment, the atomized sharp holes 44 are rectangular. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)-装-

、1T, 1T

本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） -22- 555845 A7 —_ B7 五、發明説明（20) 年面係與注射器及流體流動的縱向軸垂直。在平面圖中 (未顯示），銳孔的寬度是比如圖1所示之高度還大。霧 化銳孔其與流體流動方向垂直之敞開平面的橫切面積係小 於進料導管1 2及熱交換工具1 4中之內柱3 0 (與流體 流動方向垂直）的內部橫切面積。此舉可使流體流入霧化 銳孔4 4的速度增高，並產生跨越銳孔時的壓降及增加流 體流入的速度，如此進一步地切削該流體而引發流體霧 化。流體流經霧化銳孔再進入低壓霧化區4 6時，會擴張 膨脹以形成分散之液滴噴霧。霧化作用只在銳孔4 4下游 於霧化管尖4 8 C噴霧分布器）的中空內部4 6處開始， 並持續至氣門反應區（未顯示）內部，即管尖4 8延伸 處。在平面圖中（未顯示），管尖48係扇形，像圖2 (b )所示，其可相當平坦、均勻、扇形（或其他合適之 預定形狀）的霧化油噴霧，使油與熱的上升之再生催化劑 粒子（在氣門反應區）有最大且均勻的接觸。此形式之霧 化裝置係已知的，並揭示於美國專利第5 ，1 7 3 ，1 7 5案號中，其揭示內容將倂入本文供參考。如圖1之圖 示、但非限制性實施例的水蒸汽注射器之操作中，供 F C C用之過熱熱油（具有或不具上游或第一個加入水蒸 汽之噴霧器以形成兩相流體或泡沫）係以高於2 6 0 °C之 溫度，4 · 5至1 3 . 6kg/s e c之典型流速進入注 射器。具有1 · 1 M p a之1 8 2 °C的飽和水蒸汽’其進 入熱交換工具之水蒸汽流速是隨著該熱油的〇 · 5至5重 量％而變，或者是在0 · 02至0 · 7kg/s e c之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210'〆297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -22- 555845 A7 —_ B7 V. Description of the invention (20) The year plane is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the syringe and fluid flow. In a plan view (not shown), the width of the sharp hole is as large as the height shown in FIG. 1. The cross-sectional area of the atomized sharp hole in the open plane perpendicular to the fluid flow direction is smaller than the inner cross-sectional area of the inner column 3 0 (perpendicular to the fluid flow direction) in the feed duct 12 and the heat exchange tool 14. This can increase the speed of the fluid flowing into the atomizing sharp holes 44, and generate a pressure drop across the sharp holes and increase the speed of the fluid inflow, so that the fluid is further cut to cause fluid atomization. When the fluid flows through the atomizing orifice and enters the low-pressure atomizing area 46, it will expand and expand to form a dispersed droplet spray. The atomization only starts at the hollow interior 46 of the atomizing tube tip 4 8 C downstream of the sharp hole 44 and continues to the interior of the valve reaction zone (not shown), which is the extension of the tube tip 48. In a plan view (not shown), the pipe tip 48 is fan-shaped, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), which can be a fairly flat, uniform, fan-shaped (or other suitable predetermined shape) atomized oil spray to make oil and hot The rising regenerated catalyst particles (in the valve reaction zone) have maximum and uniform contact. This form of atomizing device is known and disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,173,175, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In the operation of a water vapor injector as shown in the schematic, but non-limiting embodiment of Figure 1, superheated hot oil for the FCC (with or without upstream or first water vapor sprayer to form a two-phase fluid or foam) It enters the syringe at a temperature higher than 260 ° C, with a typical flow rate of 4.5 to 13.6 kg / sec. Saturated water vapour with 1 · 1 M pa 1 8 2 ° C. The water vapour flow rate into the heat exchange tool varies from 0.5 to 5% by weight of the hot oil, or from 0. 02 to The paper size of 0 · 7kg / sec is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210'〆297mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 -23- 555845 A7 _______B7 五、發明説明（21) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 間。熱油與流經熱交換工具之水蒸汽間的熱交換將會使得 水蒸汽過熱2 8至1 3 9 °C，而該油只些微地冷卻（亦即 &lt; 6 °C )。多據點、噴射的過熱水蒸汽會衝擊該接近熱交 換工具出口的熱油，幫助該油分解成小直徑液滴，所以可 視爲”震動”水蒸汽。在圖1之具體實施例中，小部份飽 和之過程用水蒸汽（即該油之0 · 1至1 · 0重量％ )將 在熱交換工具上游各別地被噴霧成油，以產生可描述爲” 泡沬”之水蒸汽持續之兩相流體。在此情況下，該於熱交 換工具中所形成之過熱水蒸汽欲注入兩相流體中的量典型 地是該油進料的0 · 5至2 · 5重量％。爲了達到可資比 較的油霧化作用，此量是小於那些沒有過熱水蒸汽及不用 本發明過程者典型所需的量。 圖2 ( a )及2 ( b )係個別解說實施本發明之另一 經濟部智慧財產局g(工消費合作社印製 具體實施例的側面橫切面圖及上視橫切面圖，其中來自熱 交換工具的過熱水蒸汽係注入熱交換工具內柱（在此具體 實施例中其緊臨流體流出處，並包括霧化銳孔）內部的流 體中。因此，F C C進料油注射器5 0包括一熱油進料導 管1 2、下游末端圍繞著以放射狀鑽出之洞2 4的水蒸汽 管道2 2 (可將飽和水蒸汽噴霧到進來之熱油中）、可產 生過熱水黑汽之熱父換工具5 2、及具有扇形分布器或管 尖7 4之噴霧分布器與霧化工具5 4的組合。熱油導管及 噴霧器係和圖1相同，在此具體實施例中可提供相同的功 能。熱交換工具5 2也包括內含縱向內柱5 6之導熱性圓 柱狀金屬體，其兩端皆開放並延伸到熱交換工具的上游至 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐) 一 24 - 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（22) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 下游。此內柱提供流體流經熱交換工具之通道並在其上游 入口具有一股流分檔器5 8。內柱5 6內部有點像卡德里 管形狀，且橫切面係與流體流動方向垂直，並在其下游出 口末端逐漸地減至最低。關於圖2 ( a )，股流分離器 5 8可將進入之流體***成兩個單獨的股流，以便在室內 提供撞擊及切削混合，並且在整個內柱中有著最小的壓 降。較佳地，此兩股流是正相反且對稱的。該柱下游出口 包括霧化銳孔。在室內之撞擊及切削混合的組合可增加兩 相流體中液相的表面積。此表面積之增加可藉由較小油滴 分散在水蒸汽連續相中而顯明。不像圖1之具體實施例， 熱交換工具上游之噴霧水蒸汽（或包括從工具中產生之過 熱水蒸汽）是可選擇的，爲了在熱交換工具中獲得混合的 完全利益，此具體實施例較爲人喜愛。也就是說，在圖2 之具體實施例中，較佳地兩相流體，及最佳地含兩相流體 之水蒸汽將會流入熱交換工具5 2中。兩對不同的對立牆 可形成內柱56。因此，如圖2 (a)所示，同向與反向 牆6 0及6 0 ’的表面是在垂直於紙平面的方向，並以相 對於所示熱交換工具的縱向軸凸圓地或向內地彎曲。最大 的曲率是在內柱的上游部份，並延著下游方向減小。另一 對界定內柱之同向與反向牆乃如圖2 ( b )所示之6 2及 62’ 。牆62及62’些微地會聚於下游方向，且其表 面係與紙的平面垂直。長方形內柱5 6係藉由兩對牆交集 而形成，其包括具有與熱交換工具縱向軸垂直之長方形橫 切面流體混合室（其係與平面流體入口平行，並在工具的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -25- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（23) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慈財產局a(工消費合作社印製 另一端離開）’及整個流體流動方向，同時該室的橫切面 積順著下游方向會逐漸地減少，進而在熱交換工具下游出 口末端形成長方形霧化銳孔6 4。股流分檔器5 8可將該 經由上游水蒸汽注入熱油時所形成之兩相、水蒸汽持續之 流體分開成兩個正相反且對稱之單獨股流。此兩個分開之 股流將流入內柱的上游部份，其中凸圓的彎曲可提供放射 狀向內及軸向往下游兩個流動向量。放射狀向內流動之分 力將傳給注入之流體而推動每一股流中的一部份互相撞 擊，使混合力量增至最大，以增加流動流體中液相表面 積。然而，持續劇烈的撞擊混合會使部份剛分散的液低聚 結。所以，向內彎曲的牆6 0及6 0 ’將持續地減緩至下 游流動方向，如此從沿著牆到銳孔6 4的摩擦中可提供基 本上溫和的切削混合。當兩股流最先進入內柱5 6時，流 體混合將達至最大，但隨著流體流進內柱其強度會不斷地 減弱。此舉提供了流體之液相可增加至最大面積，但隨後 只有些微聚結及在整個熱交換工具中也只有較小壓降。另 一對相反牆6 2及6 2 ’從下游方向至銳孔6 4是逐漸地 互相逼進，以使流體通過內柱到霧化銳孔的壓力損失減至 最低，並使通過銳孔的流體速度增至最大。只有兩個同向 的水蒸汽管道6 6在圖2 ( a )中顯現，爲了方便起見’ 每一個皆具有水蒸汽入口 6 8及出口 7 0這些管道是延伸 到熱交換工具的粗厚、外部金屬牆部份7 2。出口 7 〇是 以銳角對向流出之流體，且位於內柱牆內並緊臨銳孔6 4 上游，以便用過熱且較佳地也是高速之水蒸汽衝擊流出的 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -26- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（24) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 流體，進一步地減低隨後霧化之油滴的液滴大小。在進料 導管及熱交換工具中’流體是在超計大氣壓力下。氣門反 應區（未顯現），注射器下游部份（即霧化管尖）突出之 處，其壓力是低於進料注射器。當該兩相、水蒸汽持續之 流體通過熱交換工具下游末端時，過熱水蒸汽即以多數個 噴射注入流體中’進而增加液相表面積，以便在流體霧化 期間形成更均勻的小油滴噴霧。注入在熱交換工具內部之 流體的過熱水蒸汽係比該流體的壓力還高。此舉將增加流 體的體積流動速率並促使該已分散且最終將霧化之油滴的 液滴尺寸進一步減少。此水蒸汽係一震動股流或切削水蒸 汽，端視該水蒸汽是在超音速或次音速下注射而定。兩相 流體將流入涵蓋有熱交換工具之流體出口與臨近霧化工具 5 4之流體入口的長方形霧化銳孔中。熱交換工具出口及 扇形霧化管尖內部7 6的上游入口在尺寸及形體上係相同 的。.如上文所述，此銳孔是長方形，且橫切面積與注射器 之縱向軸垂直，其橫切面積實質上係小於流體導管1 2及 熱交換工具流體入口的橫切面。霧化裝置5 4的噴霧分布 器或管尖7 4係扇形且中空，如圖2 ( a )及2 ( b )所 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 示。此將提供一扇形、可控制之膨脹霧化區7 6 ，以便將 平坦、扇形、已霧化之油小滴噴霧注入在F C C裝置中氣 門反應器內正上升、熱的再生催化劑粒子中。霧化裝置 5 4可經由凸緣以冶金方式連結到、焊接或銅焊到熱交換 工具上。在圖2 (b)中，只有兩個相同之水蒸汽通道 8 0顯現在熱交換工具之粗厚且其他方面是實心的同中心 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X297公釐） -27- 555845 A7 ____B7_ 五、發明説明（25) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印髮 牆部份7 2中。經飽和或過熱之水蒸汽經由入口工具8 2 進入水蒸汽通道（如兩個個別之箭頭所示）。水蒸汽出口 8 4則以銳角的角度將水蒸汽注入流動之流體中（如兩個 箭頭所示）。在此具體實施例中，水蒸汽係以向前之大於 6 0 °銳角注入流動之油性流體中，以給予注入之水蒸汽 有放射狀往內及向前的流動以及切削分力。此舉使注入之 水蒸汽與流動之油性流體之間的水蒸汽差別速度達到最 大。在另一具體實施例（未顯示）中，如圖2所示之水蒸 汽可在上游方向以銳角注入流體。在另一具體實施例（未 顯示）中，內柱5 6的橫切面可漸次地減小至下游方向， 然後在增大。在此情況下，霧化係在最小橫切面的點或區 域處引發，其將包括霧化區，而不同於易辨識之銳孔。圖 3係如圖1所示之熱交換工具1 4的簡化之下游末端圖， 其圖示了多數個過熱水蒸汽出口 3 8，同中心地排列在熱 交換工具下游出口周圍。雖然這些出口是描述爲圓形，但 彼等也可爲長方形裂縫或任何其他形狀。本發明之熱交換 工具可在開發者的判斷下以若干不同方式製造。因此，失 蠘鑄造或溶模鑄造方法，以及鍛造或其他鑄造方法都皆可 使用。噴嘴可由陶瓷、金屬或彼等之組合物製造。噴嘴之 製造是使用多個堆積式、相當薄之金屬板或小盤，並在其 內具有流體通過工具，其製造方法已廣爲人知並可用在火 箭發動機及漿液噴燈上，舉例之，如揭示於美國專利第 3 ，881 ，701案號及第5 ，455 ，4〇1案號。 此製造技巧也可用於製造本發明之噴嘴。製造方法之選擇 1紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（〇奶）八4規格（2〗(^297公釐） ： -28- 經濟部智慈財產局員工消費合作社印製 555845 B7_ 五、發明説明（26) 則由開發者來判斷。 圖4係與本發明之進料注射過程相關聯之流體催化裂 化方法的簡單流程圖。在圖4中’用於實施本發明之 F C C裝置係顯示包括催化裂化反應器裝置1 1 2及再生 裝置1 1 4。裝置1 1 2涵蓋進料氣門1 1 6 ，其內部包 括催化裂化反應區1 1 8。此裝置同時也包括蒸氣-催化 劑分離區1 2 0及含有多個調節板1 2 4在裡面之汽提區 1 2 2，其排列成金屬”棚”型態，類似於傾斜的屋頂。 合適之汽提劑如水蒸汽將經由管線1 2 6導入汽提區。已 汽提之用過的催化劑粒子是經由傳遞管線1 2 8而送入再 生區1 1 4。預熱之F C C進料將經由進料管線1 3 0進 入含有本發明之熱交換工具的進料注射器（未顯示）內， 根據本發明之任一具體實施例，其中將會加熱至少部份之 分散用水蒸汽。來自水蒸汽管線1 3 2之水蒸汽被送入如 本發明之任一具體實施例的熱油進料中，以形成由水蒸汽 與熱油組成之兩相、氣體持續之混合物，再將之通入注射 器中的霧化銳孔，並在進料注射點1 3 4處以平坦、扇形 噴霧進入氣門1 1 6底部。爲了簡化緣故，進料注射器並 未出現在圖5。在較佳之具體實施例中，多個進料注射器 可同中心地座落在氣門1 1 6之進料注射區周圍。其他可 供多個進料注射器用之幾何構造也可使用。較佳的進料包 含真空氣油（V 0 C )及重質進料組份如殘油餾份之混合 物。熱進料係在氣門中與熱的再生之裂化催化劑粒子接 觸。此舉可使進料汽化並催化裂解成較輕的低沸點餾份’ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, 8 Industrial Consumer Cooperatives -23- 555845 A7 _______B7 V. Description of Invention (21) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page}. Hot oil and water vapor flowing through heat exchange tools The heat exchange between them will cause the water vapor to overheat from 28 to 139 ° C, and the oil will only cool slightly (that is, <6 ° C). At multiple locations, the sprayed superheated steam will impact the approaching heat exchange The hot oil at the exit of the tool helps the oil break down into small diameter droplets, so it can be regarded as "vibrating" water vapor. In the specific embodiment of Fig. 1, a small part of the saturated process water vapor (that is, 0 · 1 of the oil) Up to 1.0% by weight) will be separately sprayed into oil upstream of the heat exchange tool to produce a two-phase fluid with continuous water vapor that can be described as "bubble". In this case, it should be in the heat exchange tool The amount of superheated steam formed to be injected into the two-phase fluid is typically from 0.5 to 2.5 weight percent of the oil feed. In order to achieve comparable oil atomization, this amount is less than those that are not overheated Water vapor and those typically required by those who do not use the process of the present invention Figures 2 (a) and 2 (b) are the side cross-sectional views and top cross-sectional views of specific embodiments printed by another embodiment of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (industrial and consumer cooperatives) for the implementation of the present invention. The superheated steam of the exchange tool is injected into the fluid inside the inner column of the heat exchange tool (in this specific embodiment, it is close to the fluid outflow and includes atomized sharp holes). Therefore, the FCC feed oil injector 50 includes a Hot oil feed pipe 1 2. The downstream end surrounds the radial drilled hole 2 4 The water vapor pipe 2 2 (saturated water vapor can be sprayed into the incoming hot oil), which can generate the heat of superheated black steam Parent changing tool 5 2, and a combination of a spray distributor with a fan-shaped distributor or a pipe tip 74, and an atomizing tool 54. The hot oil pipe and the sprayer are the same as those in FIG. 1, and in this specific embodiment, the same Function. The heat exchange tool 5 2 also includes a thermally conductive cylindrical metal body containing a longitudinal inner column 56, both ends of which are open and extend upstream of the heat exchange tool to this paper. The Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification applies. (210X 297mm)-24 -555845 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (22) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. This inner column provides a channel for the fluid to flow through the heat exchange tool and There is a flow divider 5 8 at its upstream inlet. The inner column 5 6 is a bit like a Kadri tube inside, and its cross section is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow, and it gradually decreases to the minimum at the end of its downstream outlet. About the figure 2 (a), the splitter 5 8 can split the incoming fluid into two separate streams to provide impingement and cutting mixing in the room with minimal pressure drop throughout the inner column. Preferably, the two streams are exactly opposite and symmetrical. The downstream outlet of the column includes an atomized sharp hole. The combination of impingement and cutting mixing in a chamber can increase the surface area of the liquid phase in a two-phase fluid. This increase in surface area is evident by the smaller oil droplets being dispersed in the continuous phase of water vapor. Unlike the specific embodiment of FIG. 1, the spray water vapor (or including superheated steam generated from the tool) upstream of the heat exchange tool is optional. In order to obtain the full benefit of mixing in the heat exchange tool, this specific embodiment More popular. That is, in the specific embodiment of FIG. 2, preferably two-phase fluid, and water vapor containing the two-phase fluid optimally, will flow into the heat exchange tool 52. Two different pairs of opposing walls may form the inner post 56. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2 (a), the surfaces of the co-directional and counter-walls 60 and 60 'are in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper, and are convexly rounded with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange tool shown. Bend inward. The maximum curvature is the upstream part of the inner column and decreases along the downstream direction. Another pair of forward and reverse walls that define the inner pillars are 62 and 62 'as shown in Figure 2 (b). The walls 62 and 62 'converge slightly in the downstream direction, and their surfaces are perpendicular to the plane of the paper. The rectangular inner column 5 6 is formed by the intersection of two pairs of walls, which includes a rectangular cross-section fluid mixing chamber perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange tool (which is parallel to the plane fluid inlet and is applicable to China on the paper scale of the tool). National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297 mm) -25- 555845 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (23) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Control the other end away) 'and the entire fluid flow direction, while the cross-sectional area of the chamber will gradually decrease along the downstream direction, thereby forming rectangular atomized sharp holes 6 4 at the downstream outlet end of the heat exchange tool. The two-phase, water-steam-continuous fluid formed when the hot water is injected through the upstream water vapor can be separated into two opposite and symmetrical separate streams. These two separate streams will flow upstream of the inner column Part, in which the curvature of the convex circle can provide two radial inward and axial downward flow vectors. The component of the radial inward flow will be transmitted to the injected fluid to promote one of each flow. The components collide with each other to maximize the mixing force to increase the surface area of the liquid phase in the flowing fluid. However, continuous and vigorous impact mixing will cause some of the freshly dispersed liquid to coalesce. Therefore, the inwardly curved walls 60 and 6 0 'will continue to slow down to the direction of downstream flow, so that the friction from the wall to the sharp hole 6 4 provides a substantially gentle cutting mix. When the two streams first enter the inner column 5 6, the fluid mixing will reach To the maximum, but its strength will continuously decrease as the fluid flows into the inner column. This provides that the liquid phase of the fluid can be increased to the maximum area, but then only slightly coalesced and there is only a small pressure in the entire heat exchange tool Another pair of opposite walls 6 2 and 6 2 ′ gradually approach each other from the downstream direction to the sharp hole 64 to minimize the pressure loss of the fluid passing through the inner column to the atomized sharp hole, and to pass through the sharp The fluid velocity of the hole is increased to the maximum. Only two water vapor pipes 66 in the same direction are shown in Figure 2 (a). For convenience, each has a water vapor inlet 68 and an outlet 70. These pipes are extended To the thickness of the heat exchange tool, The metal wall part 7 2. The outlet 70 is a fluid flowing out at an acute angle and is located in the inner column wall and immediately upstream of the sharp hole 6 4 so as to be impacted by overheating and preferably also high-speed water vapor. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -26- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) fluid, further reducing the subsequent fog The droplet size of the chemical oil droplets. 'The fluid is under superatmospheric pressure in the feed conduit and heat exchange tools. The valve reaction zone (not shown), the downstream part of the syringe (ie, the atomizing tube tip) is protruding. , Its pressure is lower than the feeding syringe. When the two-phase, water vapor continuous fluid passes through the downstream end of the heat exchange tool, the superheated steam is injected into the fluid with a plurality of jets, thereby increasing the liquid surface area, so that A more uniform spray of small oil droplets is formed during the crystallization. The superheated steam of the fluid injected into the heat exchange tool is higher than the pressure of the fluid. This will increase the volumetric flow rate of the fluid and cause a further reduction in the droplet size of the dispersed and eventually atomized oil droplets. This water vapor is a vibrating stream or cutting water vapor, depending on whether the water vapor is injected at supersonic or subsonic speed. The two-phase fluid will flow into a rectangular atomizing sharp hole containing the fluid outlet of the heat exchange tool and the fluid inlet of the nebulizing tool 54. The outlet of the heat exchange tool and the upstream inlet of the inside of the fan-shaped atomizing tube tip 76 are the same in size and shape. As mentioned above, this sharp hole is rectangular, and its cross-sectional area is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the syringe, and its cross-sectional area is substantially smaller than the cross-section of the fluid conduit 12 and the fluid inlet of the heat exchange tool. The spray distributor or tube tip 7 4 of the atomizing device 54 is fan-shaped and hollow, as shown in Figure 2 (a) and 2 (b) printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. This will provide a fan-shaped, controllable expansion and atomization zone 76 to inject a flat, fan-shaped, atomized oil droplet spray into the rising, hot regenerating catalyst particles in the valve reactor in the FC device. The atomizing device 54 can be metallurgically connected, welded or brazed to a heat exchange tool via a flange. In Fig. 2 (b), only two identical water vapor channels 80 appear in the thickness of the heat exchange tool and are solid and concentric in other respects. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇297 (Mm) -27- 555845 A7 ____B7_ V. Description of Invention (25) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) The Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Employee Consumer Cooperatives printed and issued part 7 of the wall. The saturated or superheated water vapor enters the water vapor passage through the inlet tool 8 2 (as shown by two separate arrows). The water vapor outlet 8 4 injects water vapor into the flowing fluid at an acute angle (as shown by the two arrows). In this specific embodiment, water vapor is injected into the flowing oily fluid at an acute angle greater than 60 ° forward to give the injected water vapor a radial inward and forward flow and a cutting force component. This maximizes the difference in water vapor velocity between the injected water vapor and the flowing oily fluid. In another embodiment (not shown), water vapor as shown in FIG. 2 may be injected into the fluid at an acute angle in the upstream direction. In another embodiment (not shown), the cross-section of the inner post 56 can be gradually reduced to the downstream direction, and then increased. In this case, the atomization is initiated at the point or area of the smallest cross-section, which will include the atomized area, unlike the sharp holes that are easily identifiable. FIG. 3 is a simplified downstream end view of the heat exchange tool 14 shown in FIG. 1, which illustrates a plurality of superheated steam outlets 38, arranged concentrically around the downstream outlet of the heat exchange tool. Although these outlets are described as circular, they can also be rectangular cracks or any other shape. The heat exchange tool of the present invention can be manufactured in several different ways at the discretion of the developer. For this reason, both lost casting and solution casting methods, as well as forging or other casting methods can be used. The nozzle may be made of ceramic, metal, or a combination thereof. Nozzles are manufactured using multiple stacked, relatively thin metal plates or small plates, and have a fluid passing tool therein. The manufacturing method is well known and can be used on rocket engines and slurry torches, for example, as disclosed U.S. Patent Nos. 3,881,701 and 5,455,401. This manufacturing technique can also be used to make the nozzles of the present invention. Selection of manufacturing method 1 Paper size applies Chinese national standard (0 milk) 8 4 specifications (2) (^ 297 mm): -28- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 555845 B7_ V. Description of the invention (26 ) Is judged by the developer. Figure 4 is a simple flow chart of the fluid catalytic cracking method associated with the feed injection process of the present invention. In Figure 4, the FCC unit used to implement the present invention is shown to include a catalytic cracking reaction The reactor device 1 1 2 and the regeneration device 1 1 4. The device 1 1 2 covers the feed valve 1 1 6 and includes a catalytic cracking reaction zone 1 1 8. The device also includes a vapor-catalyst separation zone 1 2 0 and contains A number of regulating plates 1 2 4 are in the stripping zone 12 2 inside, which are arranged in a metal "shed" type, similar to a sloping roof. A suitable stripping agent such as water vapor will be introduced into the stripping zone via line 1 2 6 The used catalyst particles that have been stripped are sent to the regeneration zone 1 1 4 via the transfer line 1 2 8. The preheated FCC feed will enter the feed containing the heat exchange tool of the invention through the feed line 1 3 0. Material syringe (not shown), according to this Any specific embodiment of the invention, in which at least part of the dispersed water vapor will be heated. The water vapor from the water vapor line 1 3 2 is sent to a hot oil feed as in any specific embodiment of the present invention to A two-phase, gas-sustaining mixture consisting of water vapor and hot oil is formed, which is then passed into the atomized sharp hole in the syringe, and enters the bottom of the valve 1 1 6 as a flat, fan-shaped spray at the feed injection point 1 3 4 For the sake of simplicity, the feed injector does not appear in Figure 5. In a preferred embodiment, multiple feed injectors can be located concentrically around the feed injection area of the valve 1 16. Others are available The geometry of a single feed syringe can also be used. The preferred feed contains a mixture of vacuum gas oil (V 0 C) and heavy feed components such as residual oil fractions. Hot feed is in the valve and heat The regeneration of the cracking catalyst particles contact. This can vaporize the feed and catalytically crack it into lighter low-boiling fractions' This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) (Please read the back Matters needing attention )

-29- 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（27) 包括在汽油沸點範圍（典型地3 8 - 2 0 4 °C )內之餾 份，以及高沸點之噴氣式發動機燃料、柴油機燃料、煤油 及其類似物。如熟諳此藝者已知般，裂化催化劑係一含有 沸石分子篩裂化組份之二氧化矽與氧化鋁的混合物。當進 料在進料注射點1 3 4處與氣門內之熱催化劑接觸時，裂 化反應便開始了，並持續到催化裂化器容器1 1 2之分離 區1 2 0上部直至產物蒸氣與用過之催化劑分開爲止。裂 化反應會將可汽提之含烴物質及不可汽提之含碳物質（即 爲已知之焦炭） 沉積下來，而產生必須經汽提除去之用 過的催化劑粒子，及回收可汽提之烴，然後於再生器中藉 由燃盡焦炭而使之再生。容器1 1 2在分離區1 2 0內含 有旋風器（未顯示），可從用盡之催化劑粒子中分離出已 裂化之烴產物蒸氣及經汽提之烴類（蒸氣形式）。烴蒸氣 將向上通過反應器並經由管線收回。典型的是將烴蒸氣送 進一蒸餾裝置（未顯示），使該蒸氣中可冷凝部份冷凝成 液體，並將該等液體分餾成個別的產品股流。用過之催化 劑粒子會往下掉入汽提區1 2 2中，而與汽提介質如水蒸 汽（其是經由管線1 2 6送入汽提區）接觸，並以蒸氣方 式除去在裂化反應期間沉積在催化劑上之可汽提的含烴物 質。這些蒸氣會隨著其他產物蒸氣經由管線1 3 6而收 回。調節板1 2 4可分散催化劑粒子使均勻地橫越汽提區 或汽提器之寬度，並使汽提區中催化劑粒子的內部回流或 回混合減至最小。該用過、被汽提之催化劑粒子可經由傳 遞管線1 2 8從汽提區底部除去，並由管線1 2 8進入再 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝· 、-口 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -30- 555845 A7 B7_____ 五、發明説明（28) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 生器1 4 4之流化床1 3 8。在流化床中彼等將與經由管 線1 4 0進入再生器之空氣接觸，而某些催化劑粒子會向 上進入再生器內之分離區1 4 2。空氣將使碳沉積物氧化 或燒盡以使催化劑粒子再生，在燃燒中，加熱之溫度較佳 地是不超過約7 6 0 °C，典型地係在約6 5 0 - 7 0 0 °C 範圍內。再生器114也可含有旋風器（未顯示），其可 從氣態燃燒產物（大部份是包含C〇、N 2、Η 2〇及 C〇2 )中分離出熱的再生催化劑粒子，並藉由浸入管（未 顯現，如熟諳此藝者已知的）將已再生之催化劑粒子往下 送回到流化床1 3 8中。流化床1 3 8係被支架在一氣體 分布器柵條（其只簡略地以虛線1 4 4圖示）上，在流化 床中之熱的再生之催化劑粒子會溢出該由漏斗1 4 8頂端 所形成之堰1 4 6，而漏斗1 4 8的底部是接連著下導管 1 5 0的頂部。下導管1 5 0底部將轉變成已再生之催化 劑傳遞管線1 5 2。溢出之再生粒子將往下流入漏斗、下 導管中，並進入傳遞管線1 5 2內，然後再返回進入氣門 反應區1 1 8中，其中彼等催化劑粒子將與從進料注射器 進入氣門之熱進料接觸。關於如上文所述之含有燃燒產物 的煙道氣是經由管線1 5 4而從再生器頂端除去。 F C C方法中使用之催化裂化器進料典型地包括高沸 點、無殘油之氣油類，例如真空氣油（V G〇）、直倉留 (大氣壓）氣油、輕質裂化器油（L C G〇）及煉焦器氣 油。這些油的初沸點典型地是高於約4 5 0 °F ( 2 3 2 °C )，更共通性地是高於約6 5 0 °F ( 3 4 3 t )，而終 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -31 - 555845 A7 B7 五、發明説明（29) 點則高至 1 1 5 〇 °F ( 6 2 1 °c )， (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 如直f留或大氣壓氣油及煉焦器氣油。除此之外，一或 多個具有終沸點高於5 6 5 °C (亦即高至7 0 5 °C或更 商）之重質進料也可與催化裂化器進料摻合。舉例之，此 類重質進料包括全原油及殘原油、來自原油之大氣壓及真 空蒸餾的殘油或濾渣、瀝青及瀝青烯、取自重質石油熱裂 化之焦油及循環油、焦砂油、頁巖油、煤衍生之液體、合 成原油及其類似者。這些油可依摻合物之約2至5 0體積 %的量’更典型地約5至3 0體積％的量存在於裂化器進 料中。典型地，這些進料都含有太高含量之不想要組份， 如芳香族及含雜原子之化合物，如硫和氮。因此，這些進 料通常需藉由一些過程，如已知之氫化處理、溶劑萃取、 固體吸收劑如分子篩及其類似者來處理或提升以減少不想 要組份的量。在F C C方法中，典型的催化裂化條件包括 溫度在約 800 — 1200 °F (427 — 648。(3)，較 佳地 8 5 〇—1 1 5 0 °F ( 4 5 4 — 6 2 1 °C )，更佳地 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 900-1150 °F (428-621 °C)，壓力在約 〇 · 14 — 0 · 52Mpa 之間，較佳地〇.14- 0 · 3 8 M p a ，而進料/催化劑之接觸時間爲〇 · 5 - 1 5秒，較佳地1 一 5秒，催化劑對進料之比係約0 · 5 一 1 0，較佳地2 - 8。F C C進料將預熱至不高於 4 5 4 T：之溫度，較佳地不大於4 2 7 °C，而典型地係在 約2 6〇一 4 2 7 °C之範圍內。 需明暸的是實施本發明時，只要不違反上述本發明$ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X297公釐） -32- 555845 A7 五、發明説明（3〇) 範圍及精神，各種其他具體實施例及修正對熟諳此藝者都 疋威見的，且都可容易地製得。據此，所申請之申請專利 範圍並不欲於受到前文所述之實際說明的限制，更恰當地 說，本申請專利範圍可推論爲，涵蓋了存在於本發明中所 有可請準專利之新穎事物的特性，其包括熟諳此藝者之可 視爲本發明之相對應的所有特性及具體實施利。舉例之， 雖然使F C C油進料霧化之F C C進料注射器已經說明， 其係如本發明之特殊使用，但本發明本身並不意圖受限於 此。實施本發明時可使用任一液體霧化過程，但其中最有 利的是，藉由與以任何理由流經熱交換工具之液體或流體 進行間接熱交換，而加熱至少部份霧化氣體或加熱水蒸汽 至過熱溫度，該等理由包括，但不限制爲（i )形成含有 待霧化液體及霧化氣體及/或水蒸汽之兩相流體，以及 (i i )將加熱過之氣體或水蒸汽注入熱液體或流體中以 進行霧化。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 絮· 經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -33--29- 555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) Includes fractions in the boiling point range of gasoline (typically 38-204 ° C), as well as high-boiling jet engine fuel, diesel fuel, kerosene and its analog. As is known to those skilled in the art, the cracking catalyst is a mixture of silica and alumina containing a cracking component of a zeolite molecular sieve. When the feed comes into contact with the hot catalyst in the valve at the feed injection point 134, the cracking reaction starts and continues to the upper part of the separation zone 1 2 0 of the catalytic cracker vessel 1 12 until the product vapor and used Until the catalyst is separated. The cracking reaction deposits strippable hydrocarbonaceous materials and non-stripping carbonaceous materials (known as coke), produces used catalyst particles that must be removed by stripping, and recovers strippable hydrocarbons. , And then regenerate it in the regenerator by burning off the coke. Vessel 1 12 contains a cyclone (not shown) in separation zone 120, which can separate cracked hydrocarbon product vapors and stripped hydrocarbons (in vapor form) from the exhausted catalyst particles. The hydrocarbon vapor will pass upward through the reactor and be recovered via the pipeline. Typically, the hydrocarbon vapor is sent to a distillation unit (not shown) to condense the condensable portion of the vapor into a liquid, and the liquid is fractionated into individual product streams. The used catalyst particles will fall down into the stripping zone 1 2 2 and come into contact with a stripping medium such as water vapor (which is sent to the stripping zone via line 1 2 6) and be removed as a vapor during the cracking reaction Strippable hydrocarbonaceous material deposited on the catalyst. These vapors are recovered as other product vapors pass through lines 1 3 6. The adjusting plate 1 2 4 can disperse the catalyst particles uniformly across the width of the stripping zone or stripper, and minimize the internal reflux or back mixing of the catalyst particles in the stripping zone. The used and stripped catalyst particles can be removed from the bottom of the stripping zone through the transfer line 1 2 8 and entered through the line 1 2 8 This paper is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -Printed ·--Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy -30- 555845 A7 B7_____ V. Description of the invention (28) (Fill in this page) The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the fluidized bed 1 4 4 of the living room 1 3 8. In a fluidized bed they will come into contact with the air entering the regenerator via line 140, and certain catalyst particles will enter the separation zone 1 42 inside the regenerator upwards. The air will oxidize or burn out the carbon deposits to regenerate the catalyst particles. In the combustion, the heating temperature is preferably not more than about 7 60 ° C, typically about 6 5 0-7 0 0 ° C. Within range. The regenerator 114 may also contain a cyclone (not shown), which can separate hot regenerated catalyst particles from the gaseous combustion products (mostly containing C0, N2, Η20, and C02), and borrow The regenerated catalyst particles are returned down to the fluidized bed 138 by an immersion tube (not shown, as known to those skilled in the art). The fluidized bed 1 3 8 is supported on a gas distributor grid (which is only shown schematically by dashed lines 1 4 4). The hot regenerated catalyst particles in the fluidized bed will overflow the funnel 1 4 The weir 1 4 6 formed at the top of the 8 and the bottom of the funnel 1 4 8 is the top of the down pipe 150. The bottom of the downcomer 150 will be transformed into a regenerated catalyst transfer line 152. The overflowed regenerated particles will flow down into the funnel and downcomer, and enter the transfer line 1 52, and then return to the valve reaction zone 1 18, where their catalyst particles and the heat entering the valve from the feed syringe Feed contact. With regard to the combustion product-containing flue gas as described above, it is removed from the top of the regenerator via line 15 4. The catalytic cracker feed used in the FCC process typically includes high-boiling, non-residual gas oils, such as vacuum gas oil (VG0), straight storage (atmospheric pressure) gas oil, and light cracker oil (LCG). ) And coker gas oil. The initial boiling point of these oils is typically higher than about 450 ° F (2 32 ° C), and more generally higher than about 650 ° F (3 4 3 t), and the final paper size applies China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -31-555845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (29) The point is as high as 1 150 ° F (62 1 ° c), (Please read the back first (Please fill in this page for the precautions) If you want to stay straight or atmospheric gas oil and coke gas oil. In addition, one or more heavy feeds having a final boiling point above 565 ° C (i.e., up to 705 ° C or more) can be blended with the catalytic cracker feed. By way of example, such heavy feeds include whole crude oil and residual crude oil, atmospheric pressure and vacuum distillation residual oil or filter residue from crude oil, bitumen and asphaltenes, tar and recycled oil from thermal cracking of heavy oil, and tar sand oil. , Shale oil, coal-derived liquids, synthetic crude oil, and the like. These oils may be present in the cracker feed in an amount of about 2 to 50% by volume &apos; of the blend, more typically about 5 to 30% by volume. Typically, these feeds contain too high levels of unwanted components, such as aromatic and heteroatom-containing compounds, such as sulfur and nitrogen. Therefore, these feeds usually need to be processed or enhanced by processes such as known hydrotreating, solvent extraction, solid absorbents such as molecular sieves and the like to reduce the amount of unwanted components. In the FCC process, typical catalytic cracking conditions include temperatures between about 800-1200 ° F (427-648. (3), preferably 8 5 0-1 15 0 ° F (4 5 4-6 2 1 ° C), better printed by the consumer co-operative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs at 900-1150 ° F (428-621 ° C), with a pressure between about 0.1-14 — 52Mpa, preferably 0.114-0 · 3 8 M pa and the contact time of the feed / catalyst is from 0.5 to 15 seconds, preferably from 1 to 5 seconds, and the ratio of catalyst to feed is about 0 · 5 to 10, preferably 2 -8. FCC feed will be preheated to a temperature not higher than 4 5 4 T :, preferably not higher than 4 2 7 ° C, and is typically in the range of about 26 0 4 27 ° C It should be clear that when implementing the present invention, as long as it does not violate the above-mentioned invention. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) -32- 555845 A7 V. Description of the invention (3) And spirit, various other specific embodiments and modifications are well-known to those skilled in the art, and can be easily made. According to this, the scope of the applied patent is not intended to be affected by the foregoing The limitations of the actual description, more properly, the scope of the patent of this application can be inferred to cover the characteristics of all patentable novelties that exist in the present invention, including those skilled in the art who can be regarded as the corresponding of the present invention. All the characteristics and specific implementation benefits. For example, although the FCC feed injector that atomizes the FCC oil feed has been described as a special use of the present invention, the invention itself is not intended to be limited to this. Any liquid atomization process can be used in the invention, but the most advantageous is to heat at least part of the atomized gas or water vapor by indirect heat exchange with the liquid or fluid flowing through the heat exchange tool for any reason. To superheat temperature, these reasons include, but are not limited to (i) forming a two-phase fluid containing a liquid to be atomized and an atomizing gas and / or water vapor, and (ii) injecting the heated gas or water vapor into the heat Liquid or fluid for atomization. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) · Printed on paper scales applied by the 8th Industrial Cooperative Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs National Standards (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm) -33-

Claims (1)

555845 a 口 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 1 . 一種使流體霧化之裝置，其包括： 一中央通道，該中央通道涵蓋至少一個流體入口、一 出口、及至少一個在其霧化用流體通道之出口處設計了可 與中央通道流暢地交通之霧化用流體通道；該裝置可進一 步包括一加熱區，其係設計來促進在中央通道與至少一個 霧化用流體通道之間的熱交換；該中央通道出口係位於該 霧化用流體通道出口欲進入中央通道處的下游。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其可進一步包括 涵蓋供待霧化流體用之第一個入口的第一個混合區。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2項之裝置，其中該第一個混 合區可進一步包括霧化用流體之第二個入口，該二個入口 在中央通道中係位於該霧化用流體通道之出口的上游。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第3項之裝置，其中該二個入口 包括一噴霧器。 5 .如申請專利範圍第3項之裝置，其可進一步包括 水蒸汽分離器，其在中央通道中係位於該霧化用流體通道 之出口的上游。 6 .如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該霧化用流 體通道的出口有一大於6 0°之向前銳角。 7 .如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該中央通道 具有圓形橫切面，且其中該霧化用流體通道之出口係同中 心地圍繞在該中央通道的周長上。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該中央通道 具有二維之橫切面，且其中該二維中至少一個將延著至少 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） J----- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 —線— 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -34- 555845 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 2 一部份的該中央通道長度而於下游方向會聚。 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該中央通道 出口包括一位於加熱區下游之霧化區。 1 〇 .如申請專利範圍第9項之裝置，其中該霧化區 可進一步包括一流體通道可延伸通過之噴霧分布器。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1 0項之裝置，其中該噴霧 分布器流體通道具有二維之橫切面，且其中二維中至少一 個將延著至少一部份長度的該噴霧分布器流體通道而於下 游方向分歧。 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第9項之裝置，其中該中央通 道具有二維之橫切面，且其中該二維中至少一個將延著至 少一部份的該中央通道長度而於下游方向會聚；其中該霧 化區可進一步包括一流體通道可延伸通過之噴霧分布器， 該噴霧分布器流體通道具有二維之橫切面，且其中二維中 至少一個將延著至少一部份長度的該噴霧分布器流體通道 而於下游方向分歧；其中該中央通道的會聚方向及該噴霧 分布器流體通道的分歧方向係同一平面的。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置，其中該中央通 道係設計來促進待霧化流體與霧化用流體之間的混合。 1 4 .如申請專利範圍第9項之裝置，其中該霧化區 具有二維之橫切面，且其中二維中至少一個將延著至少一 部份長度的該霧化區而於下游方向會聚。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公嫠） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) τ裝· 、1T 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -35-555845 a port A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Patent application scope 1 1. A device for atomizing a fluid, comprising: a central channel, the central channel covers at least one fluid inlet, one outlet, and at least one for atomization The outlet of the fluid passage is designed with an atomizing fluid passage that can communicate with the central passage smoothly; the device may further include a heating zone designed to promote heat between the central passage and at least one atomizing fluid passage. Exchange; the central channel outlet is located downstream of the atomizing fluid channel outlet to enter the central channel. 2. The device according to item 1 of the patent application scope may further include a first mixing zone covering a first inlet for the fluid to be atomized. 3. The device according to item 2 of the patent application range, wherein the first mixing zone may further include a second inlet for the atomizing fluid, and the two inlets are located in the central channel at the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel. Upstream. 4. The device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the two inlets include a sprayer. 5. The device as claimed in claim 3, which may further include a water vapor separator, which is located upstream of the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel in the central channel. 6. The device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel has an acute forward angle greater than 60 °. 7. The device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the central channel has a circular cross section, and wherein the outlet of the atomizing fluid channel surrounds the circumference of the central channel concentrically. 8 · For the device in the scope of patent application, the central channel has a two-dimensional cross section, and at least one of the two dimensions will extend at least this paper size to apply Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297) (Li) J ----- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Order—Line—Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-34- 555845 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Scope of Patent Application 2 1 Part of this central channel length converges in the downstream direction. 9. The device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the outlet of the central channel includes an atomizing zone located downstream of the heating zone. 10. The device according to item 9 of the patent application scope, wherein the atomizing zone may further include a spray distributor through which the fluid passage can extend. 1 1 · The device according to item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein the spray distributor fluid channel has a two-dimensional cross section, and at least one of the two dimensions will extend the spray distributor fluid channel by at least a part of the length And divergence in the downstream direction. 12. The device according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the central channel has a two-dimensional cross section, and at least one of the two dimensions will converge in the downstream direction along at least a part of the length of the central channel; The atomization zone may further include a spray distributor through which the fluid channel can extend. The spray distributor fluid channel has a two-dimensional cross section, and at least one of the two dimensions will extend the spray of at least a part of the length. The sparger fluid channels diverge in the downstream direction; the convergence direction of the central channel and the divergent direction of the spray sparger fluid channels are in the same plane. 13. The device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the central channel is designed to promote mixing between the fluid to be atomized and the fluid for atomization. 14. The device according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the atomization area has a two-dimensional cross-section, and at least one of the two dimensions will converge in the downstream direction along the atomization area of at least a part of the length. . This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 X 297 cm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) τ ··, 1T Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -35-
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US9008824B1 (en) 2004-01-09 2015-04-14 John Bean Technologies Corporation Method and system for portioning workpieces using reference shape as a directly controlled characteristic
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US9128810B1 (en) 2004-01-09 2015-09-08 John Bean Technologies Corporation Method and system for portioning workpieces to directly-controlled and/or indirectly-controlled characteristics
US8688259B1 (en) 2004-01-09 2014-04-01 John Bean Technologies Corporation Method and system for portioning workpieces to directly-controlled and/or indirectly-controlled characteristics
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US6093310A (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. FCC feed injection using subcooled water sparging for enhanced feed atomization
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