550899 A7 B7 五、發明說明) 發明背景： 本發明係一種網路管理方法，尤指一種可預知SNMP網路設備中MIB群 組表單之方法。 先前技藝·· 近年來，由於網路世界之蓬勃發展，各式各樣之網路設備不斷地被開發出 來，且被各行各業廣泛地使用於其生活及工作環境中，此一發展趨勢，不僅加速 了資訊流通之速度及效率，且爲人們在生活及工作上帶來極大之便利。然而，數 量眾多之各式網路設備，卻也爲網路管理人員，帶來許多管理上之問題。 按，現今許多使用區域網路或網際網路，進行企業体內部資訊流通之業者， 爲令其網路管理人員，能有效管理網路上爲數眾多之網路設備(Network Device or Network Agent)，一般均係在該等網路設備上安裝簡易網路管理協定(Simple Network Management Protocol，簡稱 SNMP)，俾其網管電腦(Network Management Stations，簡稱NMS河對網路上之該等SNMP網路設備，進行設定及管理。該管 理協定允許網路管理人員在遠端利用電腦上網，並透過網路，登入各該SNMP 網路設備之設定畫面，對其進行設定、修改及管理，惟管理人員必須確實知道 每一部網路設備之IP位址，才能正確登入各該SNMP網路設備之設定畫面，且 任一部SNMP網路設備不能與另一部SNMP網路設備有相同之IP位址，故網路 霞人員不讎知道各該SNMP網路設備之預設位址，尙需具備IP設定及管 理之槪念與能力。 另，長久以來，網管人員在透過網路利用SNMP之相關工具，對各該SNMP 網路設備進行維護管理時，僅具有三項基本之操作功能，參閱第1圖所示，如： 讀取網管資訊(Management Information Base，簡稱MEB ) SnmpGet、設定網管駕Η SnmpSet及讀取下一個網管資訊GetNext等功能，除了這三種基本功能外，並無 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297 ^爱） ---；-------------裝： (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再 訂· -線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 550899 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 _B7 _五、發明說明) 其它麟値得稱許，且較實用之功能。因此’目前大部分之網管人貢與網管工具 開發業者，對於所有SNMP網路設備所雛之MIB酷，僅能透過讀取MIB檔 案，以了解其項目，故大多數之網管人員與網管工具開發業者均係利用該三項功 能，該等功能之組合，以達成所期望之網路管理。然而’就開發網路管理工具者 而言，單單使用該三項能或其組合，所發展出之観工具，對於該等SNMP 網路設備，並無法實現較佳之網路管理功能。尤其是，由於隨之網路管理工具 對於所有網路設備，並無法預知網路設備之MIB內是否確實具有支援SNMP之 項目，而透過所提供之MIB檔案，亦無法得知該網路設備之MIB內是否確實具 有支援SNMP之項目。此外，雖然RFC標準規格提供了豐富之MIB內容，但該 等網路設備卻可能僅支攤盼功能，或某個群組表單中之幾項而已，故在發生該 等狀況時，若利用MIB瀏覽器(Browser)讀取（或設定）MIB ’將因該群組中有 某些支援SNMP之項目不存在，而出現讀取（或設定）失敗之現象，針對此種 現象，到目前爲止，並未見有任何網管工具開發業者，對其提出因應對策，以有 效進行改善。 另，傳統上，當網管電腦利用網管工具，針對網路設備之MIB內某個群 組送出讀取網管資訊SnmpGet或設定網管資訊SnmpSet之訊號，以讀取或設定 MIB時，一般均會將整個群組視爲支援SNMP，然而，若該等網路設備僅支援 部分功能，或其中某些項目並不支援SNMP，貝[J會得到無此〇ID之錯誤訊息， 且僅能知道第一個不支援SNMP之項目，所以必需利用嘗試錯誤法，進行錯誤 追蹤，直到找出所有不支援之項目，才能正確地完成MIB之讀取或設定。 故，如何能迅速找出所有不支援之項目，令該等網路設備之設定及管理作 業更趨簡化，以縮短作業時間，令管理端可輕易地針對分佈各處之各式網路設 備，快速地進行各項管理，即已成爲在網路設備管理上亟待解決之一重要課題。 -3 - 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱 I I I I，I I I I I I I - ϋ _ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再頁 訂· .線- 550899 A7 B7 五、發明說明（g ) 發明綱要： 有鑑於此，爲改進前述傳統網路設備在設定及管理上所發生之諸多缺點， 發明人經長久努力硏究與實驗後，終於開發設計出本發明之可預知SNMP網路設 備中MIB群組表單之方法，該方法係在一網管電腦欲對SNMP網路設備之某個 MIB群組，進行謙或設定前，可先對該網路設備發送出一具備預知功能(Preview facility)之封包，並令該網路設備在接收到該預知封包後，會將其MIB群組內 支援SNMP協定之項目，以一回應封包，傳回至該網管電腦，俾該網管電腦可 藉由分析該回應封包，預先得知該網路設備所_之項目，如此，即可避免傳統 作法中一連串冗長之嘗試錯誤之錯誤追蹤程序，令網管人員得以在網管電腦上利 用MIB瀏覽器或其他網管工具，對網路設備進行更有效率之網路管理，正確地 完成MIB之讀取或設定，大幅減少出現讀取或設定失敗之現象。 圖示說明： 第1圖係傳統SNMP之相關網管工具，對SNMP網路設備進行維護管理時 之網路模式示意圖。 ， 第2圖係本發明之方法對SNMP網路設備進行維護管理時之網路模式示意 圖示意圖。 第3圖係在本發明之一實施例中欲預先得知某個網路設備內是否提供 RFC.1213規格內之系統群組項目時之處理畫面示意圖。 第4圖係在本發明之另一實施例中欲預先得知某個網路設備內是否提供 RFC.1213規格內之ipRouteTable項目時之處理畫面示意圖。 詳細說明： 按，在現今之網路世界裏，各式各樣之網路設備早已被普遍應用於網路中， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） -------r--------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再頁) 訂. --線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 550899 A7 B7 五 、發日月說明（4 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 該等網路設備內MIB所提供之網管資訊，亦將愈來愈多，且愈來愈複雜’故一 網路設備內SNMP協定所提供之機制，若仍僅侷限於利用前述傳統之三項基本 操作功能，如：讀取網管資訊、設定網管資訊及讀取下一個網管資訊’而未做更 進一步改良，則其網路管理功能顯然不足應付現今網路世界之發廳勢。故若能 令SNMP網路設備內所提供之機制，具有一預先告知之功能，俾網管電腦在對 其進行管理時，可透過該機制，預先得知該等SNMP網路設備之MIB群組表單 (group table)內所提供真正支援SNMP之項目，如此，僅需送收一次封包’即可 預先得知該等SNMP網路設備所提供之真正支援SNMP之項目，在下次送收時， 即可完全且正確地掌握對該等網路設備之管理，因此’對於網管人員及網管程式 開發業者而言，若SNMP網路設備能具備一可預先告知其MIB內真正雄SNMP 之項目之功能，將可據以開發出一極具便利性且有效率之網管工具。 在本發明中，參閱第2圖所示，若網管人員欲在網管電腦上，利用MIB瀏 覽器献讎管工具，對網路上爲數眾多之網路設備，進行更有效率之網路管理， 並減少出現設定或者讀取失敗之現象，該MIB瀏覽器或網管工具即必須具備所 謂之預知功能，該項預知功能係透過SNMP協定，將一預知封包由該網管電腦 發送至該等網路設備，該等網路設備在接收到該封包後，會將其MIB內所支援 之項目，以群組表單形式，傳回至該MIB瀏覽器或網管工具，俾該網管電腦可 由該等群組表單得知各該網路設備所支援之項目。故，在本發明中’當該網管工 具欲針對某個MIB群組，送出謙網髓訊SmnpGet或設定網SnmpSet 之訊號，以讀取或設定MIB前，必需先送出一預知封包，再根據傳回之一回應 封包，進行分析處理，即可避開不支援之項目，及傳統作法中一連串冗長之嘗試 錯誤雜程序，正確地完成MIB之讀取驢定。 按，該項預知功能係針對每一^ SNMP網路設備之ΜΙΒ群組，令該SNMP 網路設備可將其MIB群組內真正支援SNMP協定之網管資訊項目，預先告知該 - „ --- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再頁) 訂- -線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 550899 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（g ) 網管電腦，因此，對開發網管工具之工程師而言，透過此一機制，可針對腦瀏 覽器或其他相關之網管工具（MIB Tool)，開發出更精確且操作更方便之軟體工 具。目前，市面上之相關網管工具，在對一 SNMP網路設備之整個MIB群組表 單進行存取時，若欲達成此一機制，僅能透過讀取下一個網管資訊GetNext之方 式，一筆一筆地判斷整個MIB群組表單內是否有真正支援SNMP協定之項目， 並無法一次判斷完畢。此外，在某些情況下，若尙未獲取任何群組表單，貝嘸法 正確地判斷出每個OID項目是否已被執行。反之，藉由本發明，貝ij僅須一次送 出具備該項預知功能之封包，即可在回應封包中，得知各該SNMP網路設備在 該群組表單內所支援之項目，並於後續處理中，正確地進行MIB之讀取或設定。 故，由以上所述可知，以傳統網管工具，對整個群組表單進行存取，共需進行N 次之處理動作，若以本發明所提供之預知機制，貝(1僅需2次之處理動作，因此， 本發明所搬之方法，練率碰上，確實較傳麵管工具，有顯著之改善。 在本發明中，由於係透過SNMP協定負責送收封包，因此，具有該項預知 功能之封包，除必須符合SNMP協定之送收規則外，本發明並設計及定義出該 封包之送收格式如下，爲其S^式： , 當網管電腦發送出一個符合SNMP協定之預知封包時，健帶一個0ID文 字串，此OID文字串必須爲該MIB群組之OID，或該MIB表單之入口 〇ID， 意即爲所欲獲得之某個MIB群組表單之入口 OID 〇 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 mm snmp ^ 之封包，傳回一回應封包，該回應封包可爲下列之PDU格式： PDU可變長度(N) PDU可變位元字串 ，其中PDU可變長度係一整數，即標準PDU之頭β份內容，PDU可變位元 A7 550899 B7____ 五、發明說明（g ) 字串係octect字串，其値可爲[1…N]，且N>=1。 在該PDU格式中，若某個MIB群組表單內具有八項支援SNMP之項目， 其中2,5,6項並未實際支援與執行SNMP，則該預知功能之回應封包，可依下列 數種格式，規範其內容： (1) PDU可變位元字串之第一種格式： Ϊ"""" 〇ΪΪ~~~ 0~ 0~~ Ϊ"""" Ϊ ，其中包含八項功能，共計八個位元組 1 :代表MIB群組表單內確實支援SNMP之索引項目（index)。 0 :代表MIB群組表單內不支援SNMP之索弓丨項目。 (2) PDU可變位元字串之第二種格式： 1 3 4 7 8550899 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention) Background of the invention: The present invention is a network management method, especially a method for predicting MIB group forms in SNMP network devices. Previous skills ... In recent years, due to the booming network world, various network devices have been continuously developed and widely used in their living and working environments by various industries. This development trend, It not only accelerates the speed and efficiency of information circulation, but also brings great convenience to people in life and work. However, the large number of various network devices has also brought many management problems for network managers. According to today, many operators using local area networks or the Internet for internal information circulation of enterprises, in order to enable their network managers to effectively manage a large number of network devices (Network Device or Network Agent) on the network, Generally, the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is installed on these network devices, and their network management computers (Network Management Stations (NMS) are used to perform these SNMP network devices on the network. Setting and management. This management protocol allows network managers to use a computer to access the Internet remotely, and log in to the setting screen of each SNMP network device through the network to set, modify and manage it, but the manager must know exactly The IP address of each network device can log in to the setting screen of each SNMP network device correctly, and any SNMP network device cannot have the same IP address as another SNMP network device. Lu Xia's personnel do not know the default address of each SNMP network device, and they must have the thought and ability of IP setting and management. In addition, for a long time, network management When using the related tools of SNMP to maintain and manage each SNMP network device through the network, the administrator only has three basic operation functions, as shown in Figure 1, such as: Reading the Network Management Information (Management Information Base, MEB) SnmpGet, setting network management driving SnmpSet, and reading the next network management information, GetNext, etc. Except these three basic functions, there is no paper standard applicable to Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 ^ love) ---; ------------- Installation: (Please read the precautions on the back before ordering--line · Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives 550899 A7 Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Cooperative _B7 _V. Description of the invention) Others have praised and have more practical functions. Therefore, 'At present, most network administrators and developers of network management tools are cool in the MIB of all SNMP network equipment. Only by reading the MIB file to understand its project, so most of the network management personnel and network management tool developers will use these three functions, the combination of these functions, to achieve the desired network management. And as far as those who develop network management tools are concerned, the tools developed using these three capabilities or their combinations alone cannot achieve better network management functions for these SNMP network devices. In particular, As the network management tool for all network devices cannot predict whether the MIB of the network device actually has an item that supports SNMP, and through the provided MIB file, it is also impossible to know whether the MIB of the network device is available. It does have a project that supports SNMP. In addition, although the RFC standard specification provides rich MIB content, these network devices may only support the expectation function or only a few items in a group form. Therefore, if such a situation occurs, if the MIB is used, The browser (Browser) reads (or sets) the MIB 'because some SNMP-supported items in the group do not exist, and the read (or set) fails. For this phenomenon, so far, I haven't seen any network management tool developer who put forward countermeasures to effectively improve it. In addition, traditionally, when a network management computer uses a network management tool to send a signal to read network management information SnmpGet or set network management information SnmpSet for a group within the MIB of a network device to read or set the MIB, the entire The group is considered to support SNMP. However, if these network devices support only some functions, or some of them do not support SNMP, Be [J will get an error message without this 〇ID, and only know the first one. Items that do not support SNMP, so you must use the trial and error method to track errors until you find all the items that are not supported before you can complete the reading or setting of the MIB correctly. Therefore, how to quickly find all unsupported items, simplify the setting and management of such network equipment, shorten the operation time, and enable the management end to easily target various types of network equipment distributed everywhere. Quickly performing various management has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in the management of network equipment. -3-The private paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 Public Love IIII, IIIIIII-_ _ (Please read the precautions on the back before ordering. · Line-550899 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( g) Outline of the invention: In view of this, in order to improve the many shortcomings in the setting and management of the aforementioned traditional network equipment, the inventor finally developed and designed the predictable SNMP network of the present invention after a long period of research and experiment. The method of MIB group form in the device. This method is to send a predictive function (Preview) to a network management computer before setting or setting a MIB group of SNMP network device. facility), and after the network device receives the predictive packet, it will send back a response packet to the network management computer in response to the SNMP protocol items in its MIB group. The network management computer can borrow Analyze the response packet to know in advance what items the network device is in. In this way, you can avoid a long series of erroneous trial and error tracking procedures in traditional methods, allowing network administrators to Use the MIB browser or other network management tools on the brain to perform more efficient network management on network equipment, correctly complete the reading or setting of the MIB, and greatly reduce the occurrence of reading or setting failures. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the network mode of the traditional network management tools related to SNMP for maintenance and management of SNMP network equipment. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the network mode of the method of the present invention for maintenance and management of SNMP network equipment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a processing screen when it is desired to know in advance whether a system group item in the RFC.1213 specification is provided in a certain network device in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is another view of the present invention. In the embodiment, it is necessary to know in advance whether a certain network device provides an ipRouteTable item in the RFC.1213 specification. A detailed description: Press, In today's network world, a variety of network devices Already widely used in the Internet, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) ------- r -------- install --- (Please Read the notes on the back first (Re-page) Order.-Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 550899 A7 B7 V. Issue Date (4) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints the network management provided by the MIB in these network devices Information will also be more and more and more and more complicated. Therefore, if the mechanism provided by the SNMP protocol in a network device is still limited to the use of the aforementioned three traditional basic operation functions, such as reading network management information, Setting the network management information and reading the next network management information 'without further improvement, the network management function is obviously insufficient to cope with the development of the current network world. Therefore, if the mechanism provided in the SNMP network device can be provided with a pre-notification function, when the network management computer manages it, the mechanism can be used to know the MIB group form of these SNMP network devices in advance. (group table) provides items that truly support SNMP. In this way, you only need to send a packet once to know in advance the items that truly support SNMP provided by these SNMP network devices. Fully and correctly grasp the management of these network devices, so 'for network administrators and network management program developers, if the SNMP network device can have a function that can inform the MIB of the true male SNMP in advance, it will It can be used to develop a very convenient and efficient network management tool. In the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, if a network administrator wants to use the MIB browser to provide management tools on a network management computer, to perform more efficient network management on a large number of network devices on the network, And to reduce the occurrence of settings or read failures, the MIB browser or network management tool must have a so-called predictive function. This predictive function sends a predictive packet from the network management computer to such network devices through the SNMP protocol. After receiving these packets, these network devices will return the items supported in their MIB as a group form to the MIB browser or network management tool. The network management computer can use these group forms Learn about the items supported by each network device. Therefore, in the present invention, when the network management tool intends to send a signal of the network network message SmnpGet or the setting network SnmpSet for a certain MIB group, in order to read or set the MIB, it must first send a predictive packet, and One response to the packet, analysis and processing can avoid unsupported items, and a series of long trial and error procedures in traditional methods, and complete the reading of the MIB. Press, the predict function is for the MIB group of each SNMP network device, so that the SNMP network device can inform the MIB group of the network management information items that actually support the SNMP protocol, and inform the----- (Please read the precautions on the back before you page) Order--The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 550899 Α7 Β7 5. Description of the invention (g) Network management computer, so, For engineers developing network management tools, through this mechanism, they can develop more accurate and more convenient software tools for brain browsers or other related network management tools (MIB Tool). At present, related network management tools on the market, When accessing the entire MIB group form of an SNMP network device, if you want to achieve this mechanism, you can only determine whether there is an entire MIB group form by reading the next network management information GetNext. Projects that truly support the SNMP protocol cannot be judged at one time. In addition, in some cases, if you do not obtain any group form, you cannot correctly determine whether each OID item is On the contrary, with the present invention, BeiJi only needs to send a packet with the predictive function once, and can learn the items supported by the SNMP network device in the group form in the response packet, and In the subsequent processing, the MIB is read or set correctly. Therefore, it can be known from the above that using the traditional network management tool to access the entire group form requires a total of N processing operations. If the present invention is used, The provided predictive mechanism requires only two processing actions. Therefore, the method of the present invention meets the training rate, which is indeed a significant improvement over the surface tube tool. In the present invention, because the system Responsible for sending and receiving packets through the SNMP protocol. Therefore, in addition to the packets with this predictive function, in addition to complying with the sending and receiving rules of the SNMP protocol, the present invention also designs and defines the sending and receiving format of the packet as follows: When the network management computer sends out a predictive packet that complies with the SNMP protocol, it carries a 0ID text string. This OID text string must be the OID of the MIB group or the entry ID of the MIB form, which means that it is what you want to obtain. Of The entry OID of each MIB group form 〇 The employee ’s cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints a packet of mm snmp ^ and returns a response packet, which can be in the following PDU format: PDU Variable Length (N) PDU Variable bit string, where the variable length of the PDU is an integer, that is, the first β content of the standard PDU, and the variable bit of the PDU A7 550899 B7____ 5. Description of the invention (g) The string is an octect string. Is [1 ... N], and N > = 1. In this PDU format, if there are eight MIB-supported items in a MIB group form, of which 2,5,6 items do not actually support and execute SNMP, Then the response packet of the predictive function can regulate its content according to the following formats: (1) The first format of the variable bit string of the PDU: Ϊ " " " " 〇ΪΪ ~~~ 0 ~ 0 ~~ Ϊ " " " " Ϊ, which contains eight functions, a total of eight bytes 1: on behalf of the MIB group form does support SNMP index entries (index). 0: It means that the MIB group form does not support the SNMP cable bow item. (2) The second format of the variable bit string of the PDU: 1 3 4 7 8
，其中係以五個位元組記錄支援SNMP之項目，傳回內容即是所有支援SNMP 之索引項目。 (3) Pdu可變之位元字串之第三種格式： 2 5 6 ，其中係以三個位元組記錄MIB群組表單內不支援SNMP之索引項目，故回應 封包之內容即所有不支援SNMP之索引項目。 (4) Pdu可變之位元字串之第四種格式： 11001101 ，其中係以一個位元組記錄MIB群組表單內確實支援SNMP之八個索弓丨項目， 若該群組大於八個項目，則多增一個位元組來記錄該等索引項目，以此類推，其 中每個位元代表一個索引項目，支援SNMP之該索引項目所對應之位元設爲1。 在本發明之一實施例中，參閱第3圖所示，若欲預先得知某個網路設備內 是否提供RFC.1213規格內之系統群組(System group)項目，該網管電腦端可先 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐_) ----------------裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再頁) 訂. 丨線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 550899 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明) 送出一個符合SNMP協定之預知封包，該預知封包中所攜帶之0ID値爲 1·3·6·1·2·1·1 (即系統値），該網路設備在接收到該預知封包時，將根據該預知封 包，傳回一回應封包，該回應封包之內容將是一串之PDU可變位元字串，根據 前述格式，該網管電腦端僅需送出封包兩次，第一次係用以預知網路設備之ΜΙΒ 群組表單內確實支援SNMP之索引項目，俾據以進行判斷，第二次即可對該網 路設備正確地進行讀取或設定。反之，若利用傳統GetNext方式，則該網管電腦 端必須送出七次封包，才有辦法確定網路設備內確實支援SNMP之索引項目。 在本發明之另一實施例中，參閱第4圖所示，若欲預先得知某個網路設備 內是否提供RFC.1213規格內之ipRouteTable項目，該網管電腦端可先送出一個 符合SNMP協定之預知封包，並以ipRouteEntry之OID値爲 (1·3·6·1·2·1·4·2·1·1)，作爲送出値，該網路設備在接收到該預知封包時，將根據 該預知封包，傳回一回應封包，該回應封包之內容中將顯示出確實支援SNMP 之索引項目。反之，若利用傳統SmnpGetNext方式，則該網管電腦端必須送出 十幾次封包，才能確定網路設備內確實支援SNMP之索引項目。 據上所述可知，利用本發明之方法，網管電腦端即可預先得知該等網路設 備之群組表單內支援SNMP之索引項目，若欲再進一步管理該網路設備，可再 利用MIB瀏覽器，直接連接到各該網路設備，進行重置㈣up)動作，有效率地 完成設定作業。因此，對網路上爲數眾多之網路設備進行網路管理時，本發明之 方法將可有效減少許多額外封包送收判斷所需之時間，並大幅增進網路管理工具 在設計及使用上之便利性，且令網路管理之效率獲得極爲顯著之改善。 按，以上所述，僅爲本發明之一最佳具體實施例，惟本發明之設計並不侷 限於此，任何熟悉該項技藝者在本發明領域內，可輕易思及之變化或修飾，皆可 '^胃在以下本案之申請專利範圍內。 本紙張尺錢帛巾 ® (CNS)A4 (210 x 297) -I J— n —r ϋ n ϋ n ϋ n I - n ϋ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填頁) 訂· 線-, Which records the items that support SNMP in five bytes, and the returned content is all the index items that support SNMP. (3) The third format of the variable bit string of Pdu: 2 5 6, where three bytes are used to record the index items of the MIB group table that do not support SNMP, so the content of the response packet is all Support SNMP index items. (4) The fourth format of Pdu's variable bit string: 11001101, which records in a byte the MIB group form that does support eight SNMP items in SNMP. If the group is greater than eight Items, an additional byte is added to record the index items, and so on, where each bit represents an index item, and the bit corresponding to the index item supporting SNMP is set to 1. In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, if it is desired to know in advance whether a certain network device provides a system group item in the RFC.1213 specification, the network management computer end may first This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm_) ------------- (Please read the precautions on the back first ) Order. 丨 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 550899 A7 B7 Printed by the Employees’ Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention) Send a predictive packet that complies with the SNMP agreement.値 is 1 · 3 · 6 · 1 · 2 · 1 · 1 (that is, system ，). When the network device receives the predicted packet, it will return a response packet according to the predicted packet. The content of the response packet It will be a string of PDU variable bit strings. According to the aforementioned format, the network management computer only needs to send packets twice. The first time it is used to predict the MIB group form of the network device does support SNMP index entries. , Based on this judgment, the second time you can correctly perform the network equipment Or take set. Conversely, if the traditional GetNext method is used, the network management computer must send seven packets before it can be sure that the network device does support the SNMP index item. In another embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 4, if it is desired to know in advance whether an ipRouteTable item in the RFC.1213 specification is provided in a certain network device, the network management computer end may first send an SNMP protocol For the prediction packet, the OID of the ipRouteEntry is (1 · 3 · 6 · 1 · 2 · 1 · 4 · 2 · 1 · 1) as the sending packet. When the network device receives the prediction packet, it will According to the predicted packet, a response packet is returned, and the content of the response packet will show the index items that do support SNMP. Conversely, if the traditional SmnpGetNext method is used, the network management computer must send more than ten packets to determine that the network device does support the SNMP index item. According to the above, it can be known that by using the method of the present invention, the network management computer can know in advance the index items that support SNMP in the group form of these network devices. If you want to further manage the network device, you can use MIB again. The browser is directly connected to each network device, and performs a reset (up) operation to efficiently complete the setting operation. Therefore, when network management is performed on a large number of network devices on the network, the method of the present invention can effectively reduce the time required to determine the sending and receiving of many additional packets, and greatly improve the design and use of network management tools. Convenience, and the efficiency of network management has been significantly improved. According to the above, it is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the design of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or modifications in the field of the present invention. All of them are within the scope of the following patent applications. Paper Towel ® (CNS) A4 (210 x 297) -I J— n —r ϋ n ϋ n ϋ n I-n ϋ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in the pages) Order · Thread-