550127 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/) 發明範疇 本發明是有關於一種用於控制一個包括著_4 以先後次序排列之滾軋機座的滾軋機之方法， 第一滾軋機座是位在一個第二滾軋機座的上游，而二\购 滾軋機座包括著有兩個間隔開來的輥，其中， 料是藉由轉動輥而由介於輥之間予以輸入者，該％ A物 度是在至少是該第一滾軋機座的上游來加以量_的'的寬 地，本發明是有關於一種用以生產具有不同於條狀或=其 狀的諸如是各種形狀之桿或是棒之形狀的物料。 ~ 本發明更有關於一種用以控制一滾軋機的機犠者。 習用技藝 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 一個滾軋機通常是包括著有複數個以先後次序排列的 滾軋機座。每一個滾軋機座均包括著有兩個具有相互平行 的旋轉軸之間隔開的輥。一種物料是在每一個滾軋機座之 輥間予以輸入者，並且藉由轉動輥，該物料係被滾軋。在 當該滾軋物料通過該機座時，其橫截面會減少，並隨之拉 長和擴展。在每一個滾軋機座後之橫截面是由滾軋機之通 路設計和佈置所界定。橫截面是由離開輥間隙物料之高度 和寬度來加以界定的。 典型地，一個第一滾軋機座是在一個第一方向來浪乳 物料，而一個鄰近的第二滾軋機座的輥則是以垂直於第一 方向的方向來滾軋物料。通常，該第一滾軋機座的輥晏具 有水平旋轉軸的，而該第二滾軋機座的輥則是具有_直導 向的旋轉軸。因此，滾軋物料的一個垂直向的尺寸會在〆 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ---- B 乙___________ 五、發明說明（Y ) 第一滚軋機座內縮減，而滾軋物料的水平尺寸則會在該第 二滾軋機座之內縮減。 每一個滾軋機座的每一個輥是具有一個凹槽者，此凹 槽的形狀是根據滾軋物料之通路設計的特定所要的輪廓。 凹槽的深度以及輥間的間隙決定了滾軋物料在垂直於輥旋 轉軸方向上的高度。輥的凹槽在滾軋時會逐漸的磨耗，而 一個滾軋機座上輥之間的間隙則因此需要予以減少。 物料的寬度是在平行於輥軸的一個方向上加以界定。 寬度受到隨溫度、物料以及在滾軋機座之間的機座間張力 之不同而有不同之延展性的影響。一個滾軋还料的頭和尾 端的延展是不同的。 爲了維持不同機座橫截面的均一，且在滾軋期間和通 路设計相同，局度必須要針對輕的磨耗而予以補償，而寬 度亦必須針對由坯料之頭至尾端的延展而予以補償。 一個滾軋機通常是區分爲三個不同的部份，其是稱之 爲粗略、中間以及完成部份。物料首先進入至粗略部份， 而在通過該等部份時則會在其橫截面上縮減。 物料進入至粗略部成爲坯料，該坯料已被加熱至一預 定的溫度，例如對一典型的鋼而言是lOCKTC。坯料可以大 約是0.5 m/s的速度以及例如是140 mmX 140 mm的尺寸而 進入粗略部的第一滾軋機座。而在當該物料持續的向下游 通過滾軋機時，其則會在橫截面處予以縮減並在速度上加 速。物料可能以大約是120 m/s的速度以及例如是5.5 mm 的直徑來離開完成部的最後滾軋機座。 ___ 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國^票準（cns)A4規格（21〇 x 297公^ ------------------^ -------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（乃） 現今，滾軋物料的橫截面是由凹槽的形狀以及每一個 滾軋機座之輥之間的距離、輥間隙來加以控制。依此，爲 了達成在一個第二滾軋機座下游之物料所需要之橫截面形 狀，介於該第二滾軋機座以及上游鄰近的第一滾軋機座之 間的後方張力，以及介於該第二滾軋機座和一個位在下游 鄰近的滾軋機座之間的前方張力必須大致爲零。 在英國專利GB2009974中揭露出一種用以控制一滾軋 機的方法。一種物料的寬度是在一個第二滾軋機座的下游 來加以量測。在寬度上的誤差係被偵測，而該第二滾軋機 座輥的旋轉速度則是會加以調整，以便將在寬度上所偵測 到的誤差降至最小。而介於設置在該第二滾軋機座上游的 一個第一滾軋機座和該第二滾軋機座之間的機座間張力則 是藉由一種轉換器來加以測量。該第一滾軋機座輥之距離 其後則會加以調整，以最小化機座間張力。調整的目的是 在於最小化機座間張力以及藉由輥距離來調節該寬度，因 而調節其質量流量。此種方法的一個缺點是在於該滾軋機 座的機械設計必須可讓輥間隙在有負載下加以操作，亦即 是在輥間隙中有物料。大多數老式的滾軋機座以及現代的 懸臂式滾軋機座設計均無法符合此種要求。另種缺點則是 在量測以及控制張力時係需要轉換器。 發明目的 本發明的目的是在於發明出用以達成對一滾軋物料尺 寸之準確控制的方法。本發明的另一目的是在於提供一種 用以控制一滾軋物料尺寸的方法，而此方法係可應用於一 6 本紙很尺/艾過用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁) ,」1-^^· ϋ 11 ·ϋ ·ϋ Biai 1 tmMm ^ ^ I n ϋ ϋ -1 I mmaK ϋ ^厂^〆=口 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（ψ ) 滾軋機的任何一部份者。 這些目的之所以能夠達成是因爲若是所量測到的寬度 並未落在預定之第一上與下限値之間的話，一個介於該第 一滾軋機座以及該第二滾軋機座之間的機座間張力則會加 以調整至一個對應於所量測到之寬度和預定之極限値之間 的偏差，以便將該物料之寬度控制在該第一上限和下限値 之內。因此，需要不同的機座間張力値用以補償不同的寬 度。機座間張力同時可沿著每一個物料的長度而有不同。 對於機座間張力的控制是用在調節寬度者。依此方法，並 不需要額外的作動來調節寬度。這意謂著每一個滾軋機座 的輥並不需要在負載下加以操作。生產這種以此方法控制 的滾軋機因此是相當經濟的。 物料之第一部份的寬度是在該位置加以量測的。物料 之第二部份的寬度則是控制在該極限値之內者，該第二部 份是在輸入方向上且係位在該第一部份的後方者。 根據本發明的一個較佳實施例，物料的寬度是在該第 二滾軋機座下游的位置來加以量測者。依此方法，介於第 一滾軋機座以及第二滾軋機座之間的機座間張力則是有效 地受到後方張力的影響。 根據本發明的另一個較佳實施例，若是所量測到的寬 度超過上限値，則該第一滾軋機座輥的旋轉速度則是相對 於該第二滾軋機座輥之旋轉速度而減少，而若是所量測到 的覓度是低於下限値，則該第一滾軋機座輥的旋轉速度貝[】 是相對於該第二滾軋機座輥之旋轉速度而增加。藉由相對 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ▼· --------訂·-------- 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（r) 於該第二滾軋機座輥之旋轉速度而改變該第一滾軋機座之 輕的旋轉速度，一種對於機座間張力之準確以及簡便的控 制即可達成。 根據本發明的另一個具體實施例，對於每一個物料而 言是實施了多次的該種量測。對於寬度的量測以及機座間 張力的對應調整最好是在極短的時間間隔內來完成的，例 如是少於0.05秒。依此方式，一種對於滾軋物料尺寸之非 常準確的控制則於是達成了。 藉由大致連續地對於一個第二滾軋機座而出的量測其 橫截面主要的尺寸以及藉由改變一個第一滾亂機座輕之速 度來控制寬度，以使得後方張力以及前方張力得以在滾軋 時改變，故其並不需要張力轉換器或是可在負載下加以操 作之滾軋機座。輥間隙僅在坯料間來加以控制，以補償輥 的磨耗。這種方法是單純、可靠並且可適用於任何型式的 滾軋機座。 根據本發明的另一個具體實施例，當該物料是和該第 一滾軋機座以及該第二滾軋機座接觸時，該物料的位置係 在介於該第一滾軋機座以及該第二滾軋機座之間的位置處 加以偵測’並且’若是所偵測到的位置並不在預設之位置 極限値之內的話，則可發現一種在介於該第一滾軋機座以 及該第二滾軋機座之間物料內部的壓縮應力。根據本發明 的方法，該物料最好是在機座間沿著一條大致上爲直線的 方式來予以輸入。因爲滾軋物料橫截面之尺寸是藉由調整 機座間張力來加以控制’〜種在物料內之壓縮應力係可在 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 ; 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _ - --------訂·------- 550127 A7 B7___— 一 五、發明說明（L ) 該第一滾軋機座以及該第二滾軋機座之間產生。一種在滾 軋物料內部不受控制的壓縮力或可導致圓塊的情況，這即 是一種失控的狀況；在這種狀況下，滾軋物料會突然地彈 射出其正常的且係介於兩個滾軋機座之間的通道，並且可 能佈滿整個的滾軋機。因爲最後所提之具體實施例，滾乳 物料之相對於一個所要的通道在位置上的偏差係指示著因 爲作用在物料上的壓縮力所導致之物料非所要的彎曲是太 大了。減少在物料內的壓縮力，該滾軋物料將會二拉^ : 而也因此，圓塊的情形亦可予以避免了。 θ ㈣請專欄圍 以及以下的說明內予以更詳細界定。 圖式簡要說明 第1圖係爲一個用以滾軋一長形物料之滾軋機一部份 的立體示意圖； σ 第2圖係爲一個根據本發明的一個第〜較佳實施例之 用以控制一滾軋機之裝置的方塊圖。 ~ 主要元件圖號之簡要說明 * 士乞 * - Γ · _ · βϋ n. B_^i n i-i I mm—Λ 」一，、_ tn ϋ n n I II ϋ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1 ' 2 滾軋機座 3、4、5、6 輥 8 長形物料 9、10 轉動機構 11 第一量測機構 12 控制單元 13 第二量測機構 9 550127 A7 B7 五、發明說明（2 ) 14 第三量測機構 16 偵測機構 17 位移機構 較佳實施例之說明 在下列的說明中，將參照第1圖以及第2圖。第1圖 說明了一個滾軋機，其係包括了兩個滾軋機座1、2。每一 個滾軋機座1、2係均分別地包括了兩個輥3、4以及5、6 。每一個滾軋機座的輥係設置有平行的旋轉軸。如箭頭7 所不，在輸入的方向上，第一滾軋機座輕的旋轉軸3、4相 對於第二滾軋機座之輥5、6的旋轉軸而延伸向不同的方向 。最好的情形是，輕5、6的旋轉軸是相對於輕3、4之旋 轉軸而傾斜90° 。在第一圖中，輥3、4的旋轉軸係大致延 伸於水平的方向上，而輥5、6的旋轉軸則係大致延伸於垂 直的方向上。每一個輥3、4、5、6最好是具有一個凹槽( 未顯不)以用於控制一*形如棒或是桿之長形物料8，並且提 供滾軋物料一種需要的形狀。長形物料8係在該滾軋機座 1、2之間以一大致爲直線的方式而輸入。·包括了該第一滾 軋機座1以及該第二滾軋機座2的滚軋機的該部份則是可 爲滾軋機之任何一部份。 其亦設置了用以分別地轉動輥3、4以及5、6的機構 9、10。用以轉動輥3、4、5、6之該機構9、10是，例如 ，由電動馬達而形成者。一個第一電動馬達9係控制著該 第一滾軋機座1輥3、4的旋轉速度，而一個第二電動馬達 10則是控制著該第二滾軋機座2輕5、6的旋轉速度。 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------11··^------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 550127 A7 ___B7 五、發明說明（彳） 根據一個具體實施例的範例，長形物料8在尙未進入 至該第一滾軋機座1之內的部份係具有一個大致上具有一 個圓形橫截面。位於該第一滾軋機座1以及該第二滾軋機 座2之間物料8的部份在該第一滾乳機座1內滾軋之後係 具有一橢圓形的橫截面。位於該第二滾軋機座2下游之物 料8的部份再次地係具有一個大致上圓形的形狀，但其則 係較位在該第一滾軋機座上游物料8之部份所具有的橫截 面面積爲小。因此，當該物料8向下游前進時，其在橫截 面上縮減了，且在速度上增加了。 物料8係會在通過一特定滾軋機座之後，具有一種在 平行於該滾軋機座輥之旋轉軸的方向上延展開或是形成一 個腰部的趨勢。若是物料的延展超過凹槽的外部輪廓，其 則稱之爲溢出’而若是其形成了 一個腰部，也就是說其在 延展時小於凹槽的外部輪廓，其則稱之爲未充滿。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一種用以量測物料8的寬度之第一機構11是位於該第 二滾軋機座2的下游者。寬度的量測係指出是否一種非所 要的腰部或是物料8之延展是形成在第二滾軋機座2處。 物料8之量測到的寬度是和預定的第一上限値以及下限値 做比較。低於該下限値之該量測的寬度顯示了目前物料8 的一個未充滿。這種未充滿是可藉由減少介於該第一滾軋 機座1以及第二滾軋機座2之間物料8內的張力應力而獲 得補償。這是藉由相對於該第二滾軋機座2輥5、6之旋轉 速度而增加該第一滾軋機座1輥3、4的旋轉速度而加以實 施者。 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公餐） 550127 A7 B7 五、發明說明（Cj ) €是藉由該第一量測機構11所量測到的寬度超出上限 値’其則顯示著一種對物料8之非所要的溢出。爲了能夠 控制I該物料或是繼之而來的物料之寬度能低於上限値，在 物料8內部之張力應力應該在該第一滾軋機座1以及該第 二滾軋機座2之間增加。這是藉由相對於該第二滾軋機座 2輥5 ' 6的旋轉速度來減少該第一滾軋機座1輥3、4的 旋轉速度而實施者。 該第一滾軋機座1輥3、4在旋轉速度上相對於該第二 滚軋機座2輥5、6的旋轉速度所作的改變可以受到僅改變 輥3、4的旋轉速度、僅改變輥5、6的旋轉速度、或是同 時改變輥3、4以及5、6旋轉速度而實施。 第一量測機構11是連接於一個控制單元12。該第一 上限値以及下限値是儲存在該控制單元12之內。控制單元 12進一步連接於用以轉動該第一滾軋機座1輥3、4的機 構9以及用以轉動該第二滾軋機座2輥5、6的機構10。 藉由量測機構11所量測到的寬度値其後是在該控制單元 12內和該第一上限値以及下限値來比較，而轉動機構9、 10則是依此而加以控制。 一個第二機構13是設置用以量測物料8的高度。第二 機構13是位於第二滾軋機座2的下游者。在如同第1圖中 所示之較佳具體實施例中，該第一以及第二量測機構是由 一個單一的量測裝置所形成，在此之後的說明中，將以量 測機構11稱之。若是所量測到的高度並不在被儲存於控制 單元12內部之第二上限値以及下限値之內，則改變輥5、 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·- w -·!·*· _ —」v · H· >·ϋ ·_ϋ an 1 an Ha I ϋΜ· ·Βϋ «1·— in n 1 iaBBi 穿 -V 口 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/ 6之間的距離。這不是藉由自動的方式就是藉由手動的方 式來完成。根據較佳的範例，一個機構15的設置是用以調 整介於輥5、6之間的相對距離者。因此，若是所量測到的 高度並不落在所儲存的第二上限値以及下限値之間時，控 制單元12則會送出一個信號到位移機構15。此位移最好 是發生在坯料之間。另種方式則是，控制單元12會通知操 作員關於量測到的高度値並未落在所儲存之第二上限値以 及下限値之間，操作員則以手動的方式調整輥5、6的位移。 一個第三機構14則是設置以量測該物料8在該第一滾 軋機座1以及該第二滾軋機座2之間的高度。第三量測機 構14是連接於該控制單元12。若是所量測到之高度値是 落於第三上限値以及下限値之內，則控制單元12會加以控 制。一個位移機構17是設置用以相對於彼此，例如是移向 或是遠離彼此的方式來移動該第一滾軋機座1的輥3、4。 這種位移最好是發生在坯料之間。位移機構Π同時亦連接 於控制單元12。當然，以如同是之前以相同於輕5、6的 方式來以手動的方式移動輥亦是在本發明申請專利範圍中 。因此，第三量測機構14可在第一滾軋機座1內用以作爲 輥磨耗的補償。 一個機構16係設置在該第一滾軋機座1以及該第二滾 軋機座2之間，其係用以偵測物料8的一個位置者。偵測 機構16係連接於控制單元12。關於物料8之位置的位置 極限値係儲存在控制單元12之內者。最好是所偵測到的位 置是和一個對應於物料形成一直線時的參考位置相互比較 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · n m ·_ϋ n a_l n f 一口、I ϋ m an Hi ^^1 麵 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制衣 550127 A7 B7__ 五、發明說明（//) 。物料8所偵測到的位置若是落於所儲存之位置極限値之 外的話，其表示著物料8不再沿著一直線來延伸了，並且 因此，一個過大的壓縮應力則會出現在物料8的內部。爲 了避免可能導致滾軋物料之不受控制溢出的圓塊的產生， 在物料內部介於該第一滾軋機座1以及第二滾軋機座2之 間的壓縮應力必須要減低。這最好是將該第一浪軋機座1 輥3、4的旋轉速度相對於該第二滾軋機座2輥5、6的旋 轉速度減低而加以達成。該偵測機構16以及該第三量測機 構14在第1圖中係以單一的一個量測/偵測裝置來形成。 偵測機構16係可以，例如，在垂直以及水平方向上來偵測 物料8的位置。根據一個較佳的具體實施例，偵測機構16 在三個方向上維持著物料，例如是側向以及下游的方向。 因此’一種在物料8內部的壓縮應力產生了使物料向上移 動的事實。這是可由例如是傳統的感應器或是光元件來加 以偵測。因此，位置偵測機構16的設置是爲了避免在第一 滾軋機座1以及第二滾軋機座2之間形成圓塊。由位置偵 測機構16控制之輕旋轉速度所產生之物料在寬度上的誤差 是由第二滾軋機座2下游之其他的滾軋機座所修正。 根據一個較佳的具體實施範例，物料8在該第二滾乳 機座2出現係被偵測，而該位置極限値則是根據在當物料 的前端正進入該第二滾軋機座時之該位置而加以界定者。 對每一物料或是坯料而言，該量測/偵測均是實施了多 次。且該量測/偵測在每一量測/偵測之間少於0.5秒的時間 間隔加以實施的，而其最好是少於〇·1秒，尤其是少於 ______ 14 本'^度適用中國國家標規格⑽x 297公髮）.----- an βϋ n 1_ϋ a·— ϋ emBmm 11 I u>^r>,v, · n ϋ I— in _i_i in al_— n in 11 —Bi I 05._x.= 口 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 550127 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/l) 〇.〇5秒。 該控制單元包括了記憶機構、計算機構以及用以接收 和送出訊息的機構。 在以上的說明中，該第二滾軋機座2是直接的設置在 該第一滾軋機座1的下游，亦即，沒有任何滾軋機座是設 置在該弟一*以及弟_^滾乳機座之間者。 落於任何一個該控制極限値之外物料的寬度量測値， 根據另一個具體實施例而言，會產生對於輥旋轉速度的調 整，或是對於座落在該第一滾軋機座1上游或是第二滾軋 機座2下游之其他滾軋機座輥之間距離的調整。根據另一 個具體實施例而言，關於偵測到物料8位在該第一滾軋機 座1以及該第二滾軋機座2之間的一個非所要的位置會對 位在該第一滾軋機座1上游以及/或是位在該第二滾軋機座 2下游之其他滾軋機座之輥的旋轉速度產生調整。 該偵測/量測可以由電磁裝置或是其他諸如是雷射或是 照相機、抑或是光學方法以及機械感測器之組合之機構來 加以完成。 本發明的方法/裝置當然是可以結合已知技術來控制機 座間張力’其則諸如是上述控制用以轉動輥的電動馬達之 輸出的方法。 應注意的是之前所呈現之說明應被當作只是在於說明 本發明所植基的槪念。因此，在不脫離本發明範疇之下， 明顯地對於熟知此項技藝者而言可做細部之修改。 ____ 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4^(2i〇 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂 *-------550127 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (/) The invention relates to a method for controlling a rolling mill including rolling stands of _4 arranged in a sequential order. The first rolling stand is located at a first The upstream of the second rolling stand, and the second rolling stand includes two spaced-apart rolls, in which the material is input by rotating the roll and between the rolls. The% A content is between The present invention relates to a method for producing rods or rods having various shapes, such as rods or rods, having a shape different from a strip shape or a shape, at least upstream of the first rolling stand. Of materials. The present invention is more about a machine for controlling a rolling mill. Printed by a Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A rolling mill usually includes a plurality of rolling mill stands arranged in a sequential order. Each rolling stand includes two rollers with spaced-apart rollers parallel to each other. A material is introduced between the rolls of each rolling stand, and by rotating the rolls, the material is rolled. As the rolled material passes through the stand, its cross-section decreases, which in turn increases and expands. The cross section behind each rolling stand is defined by the design and layout of the rolling path. The cross section is defined by the height and width of the material leaving the roll gap. Typically, a first rolling stand is used to feed the milk in a first direction, and a roll of an adjacent second rolling stand is used to roll the material in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Generally, the rolls of the first rolling stand have a horizontal rotation axis, and the rolls of the second rolling stand have a rotation axis with a vertical direction. Therefore, a vertical dimension of the rolled material will apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) at the paper size. 550127 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ---- B B. ___________ V. Description of the Invention (Y) The size of the first rolling stand is reduced, and the horizontal size of the rolled material is reduced within the second rolling stand. Each roll of each rolling stand has a groove, and the shape of the groove is a specific desired profile designed according to the path of the rolling material. The depth of the grooves and the gap between the rolls determine the height of the rolled material in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rolls. The grooves of the rollers gradually wear down during rolling, and the gap between the rollers on a rolling stand needs to be reduced. The width of the material is defined in a direction parallel to the roller axis. The width is affected by different ductility depending on the temperature, material and tension between the stands. The head and tail extensions of a rolled roll are different. In order to maintain the uniform cross section of different machine bases, and the same design of the path during rolling, the locality must be compensated for light wear, and the width must be compensated for the extension from the head to the end of the blank. A rolling mill is usually divided into three different sections, which are called rough, intermediate and finished sections. The material enters the rough parts first, and shrinks in its cross section as it passes through them. The material enters the rough portion to become a billet, which has been heated to a predetermined temperature, for example, 10KKTC for a typical steel. The billet can enter the roughing section of the first rolling stand at a speed of about 0.5 m / s and a size of, for example, 140 mm × 140 mm. As the material continues to pass downstream through the rolling mill, it is reduced in cross section and accelerated in speed. The material may leave the final rolling stand of the finishing section at a speed of approximately 120 m / s and a diameter of, for example, 5.5 mm. ___ 5 This paper size is applicable to China's national standard (cns) A4 (21〇x 297) ^ ------------------ ^ -------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 550127 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention The distance between the rolls of the rolling stand and the roll gap are controlled. Accordingly, in order to achieve the cross-sectional shape of the material downstream of a second rolling stand, the second rolling stand and the upstream adjacent The rear tension between the first rolling stand, and the forward tension between the second rolling stand and a rolling stand adjacent to the downstream must be approximately zero. A British patent GB2009974 discloses a method for Method for controlling a rolling mill. The width of a material is measured downstream of a second rolling mill stand. An error in the width is detected, and the rotation speed of the second rolling stand is Adjusted to reduce detected errors in width The tension between the first rolling stand and the second rolling stand located upstream of the second rolling stand is measured by a converter. The first rolling stand The distance of the seat rollers is then adjusted to minimize the tension between the seats. The purpose of the adjustment is to minimize the tension between the seats and adjust the width by the distance of the rollers to adjust the mass flow rate. One disadvantage of this method The reason is that the mechanical design of the rolling stand must allow the roll gap to be operated under load, that is, there is material in the roll gap. Most of the old rolling stand and modern cantilever rolling stand design can not meet Such a requirement. Another disadvantage is that a converter is required when measuring and controlling tension. Object of the invention The object of the present invention is to invent a method for achieving accurate control of the size of a rolled material. Another aspect of the present invention An object is to provide a method for controlling the size of a rolled material, and the method can be applied to a 6-foot paper / Ai Guohua Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page), "1-^^ · ϋ 11 · ϋ · ϋ Biai 1 tmMm ^ ^ I n ϋ ϋ -1 I mmaK ^^^^ = 口 550127 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (ψ) Any part of the rolling mill. These purposes can be achieved because if measured If the width does not fall between the predetermined upper and lower limits, a tension between the stands between the first rolling stand and the second rolling stand will be adjusted to a value corresponding to the measured The deviation between the width and the predetermined limit 値 in order to control the width of the material within the first upper limit and the lower limit 値. Therefore, different frame tensions are needed to compensate for different widths. The tension between the bases can be different along the length of each material at the same time. The control of the tension between the bases is used to adjust the width. In this way, no additional action is required to adjust the width. This means that the rolls of each rolling stand need not be operated under load. It is therefore quite economical to produce such a rolling mill controlled in this way. The width of the first part of the material is measured at this location. The width of the second part of the material is controlled within the limit, and the second part is in the input direction and is behind the first part. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the width of the material is measured at a position downstream of the second rolling stand. In this way, the tension between the stands between the first rolling stand and the second rolling stand is effectively affected by the rear tension. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the measured width exceeds the upper limit 値, the rotation speed of the first rolling mill base roll is reduced relative to the rotation speed of the second rolling mill base roll, If the measured degree of search is lower than the lower limit, the rotation speed of the first rolling mill base roll is increased relative to the rotation speed of the second rolling mill base roll. With relative 7 paper sizes, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) is applicable (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ▼ · -------- Order ·- ------ 550127 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (r) Change the light rotation speed of the first rolling mill base on the rotation speed of the second rolling mill base roll An accurate and simple control of the tension between the bases can be achieved. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the measurement is performed multiple times for each material. The measurement of the width and the corresponding adjustment of the tension between the bases are preferably completed within a very short time interval, for example, less than 0.05 seconds. In this way, a very accurate control of the size of the rolled material is then achieved. By measuring the main cross-sectional dimensions of a second rolling stand approximately continuously and by changing the light speed of a first rolling stand, the width is controlled so that the rear tension and the front tension can be adjusted. It changes during rolling, so it does not require a tension converter or a rolling stand that can be operated under load. The roll gap is controlled only between the blanks to compensate for roll wear. This method is simple, reliable and applicable to any type of rolling stand. According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, when the material is in contact with the first rolling stand and the second rolling stand, the position of the material is between the first rolling stand and the second rolling stand. Detect the position between the rolling mill stands 'and' If the detected position is not within the preset position limit 一种, then you can find a way between the first rolling stand and the second rolling Compressive stress inside the material between rolling stands. According to the method of the present invention, the material is preferably fed in a substantially straight line between the stands. Because the size of the cross-section of the rolled material is controlled by adjusting the tension between the bases' ~ the kind of compressive stress in the material can be applied to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210; 297 mm) in 8 paper sizes (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) _--------- Order · ------- 550127 A7 B7 ___— Ⅴ. Description of the invention (L) The first rolling stand And between the second rolling stand. An uncontrolled compressive force inside the rolled material or a situation that can cause round blocks, which is an out of control condition; in this situation, the rolled material suddenly ejects its normal and is between two The passage between the two rolling mill stands, and may cover the entire rolling mill. Because of the specific embodiment mentioned last, the deviation of the position of the rolled milk material relative to a desired channel indicates that the material is undesirably bent due to the compressive force acting on the material. By reducing the compressive force in the material, the rolled material will be pulled twice: and therefore, the situation of round blocks can be avoided. θ ㈣ Please define in more detail in the column and the description below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a part of a rolling mill for rolling a long material; σ FIG. 2 is a first to preferred embodiment of the present invention for controlling Block diagram of a rolling mill installation. ~ Brief description of drawing numbers of main components * 士 乞 *-Γ · _ · βϋ n. B_ ^ in ii I mm—Λ ″ 一, _ tn ϋ nn I II ϋ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1 '2 Rolling stand 3, 4, 5, 6 Roller 8 Long material 9, 10 Rotating mechanism 11 First measuring mechanism 12 Control unit 13 Second measuring mechanism 9 550127 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) 14 Third measurement mechanism 16 Detection mechanism 17 Description of a preferred embodiment of the displacement mechanism In the following description, reference is made to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Figure 1 illustrates a rolling mill which includes two rolling stands 1, 2. Each rolling stand 1 and 2 includes two rolls 3, 4 and 5, 6 respectively. Each roll stand is provided with a parallel rotation axis. As indicated by arrow 7, in the input direction, the light rotating shafts 3 and 4 of the first rolling stand extend in different directions relative to the rotating shafts of the rolls 5 and 6 of the second rolling stand. In the best case, the rotation axis of the light 5 and 6 is inclined by 90 ° relative to the rotation axis of the light 3 and 4. In the first figure, the rotation axes of the rollers 3 and 4 extend approximately in the horizontal direction, and the rotation axes of the rollers 5 and 6 extend approximately in the vertical direction. Each of the rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 preferably has a groove (not shown) for controlling a long material 8 shaped like a rod or a rod, and provides a desired shape of the rolled material. The long material 8 is input in a substantially straight line between the rolling stands 1 and 2. The part of the rolling mill including the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2 may be any part of the rolling stand. It is also provided with mechanisms 9, 10 for rotating the rollers 3, 4 and 5, 6 respectively. The mechanisms 9, 10 for rotating the rollers 3, 4, 5, 6 are, for example, formed by an electric motor. A first electric motor 9 controls the rotation speed of the rolls 3, 4 of the first rolling stand 1, and a second electric motor 10 controls the rotation speed of the second rolling stand 2, 5 and 6. 10 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- 11 ·· ^ ----- -Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 550127 A7 ___B7 V. Description of the Invention (彳) According to the example of a specific embodiment, the long material 8 does not enter the part of the first rolling stand 1 The component has a substantially circular cross section. The portion of the material 8 located between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2 after rolling in the first rolling stand 1 has an oval cross section. The portion of the material 8 located downstream of the second rolling stand 2 again has a substantially circular shape, but it is a cross section of the portion 8 of the material 8 located upstream of the first rolling stand. The cross-sectional area is small. Therefore, as the material 8 advances downstream, it shrinks in cross section and increases in speed. After passing through a particular rolling stand, the material 8 has a tendency to extend or form a waist in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the rolling stand rolls. If the material extends beyond the outer contour of the groove, it is called overflow 'and if it forms a waist, that is, it is smaller than the outer contour of the groove when extended, it is called underfill. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) A first mechanism 11 for measuring the width of the material 8 is located downstream of the second rolling stand 2. The width measurement indicates whether an undesired waist or extension of the material 8 is formed at the second rolling stand 2. The measured width of material 8 is compared with the predetermined first upper limit 値 and lower limit 値. The measured width below the lower limit indicates that one of the current material 8 is not full. This underfilling can be compensated by reducing the tensile stress in the material 8 between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2. This is performed by increasing the rotation speed of the first roll stand 1 rolls 3 and 4 relative to the rotation speed of the second roll stand 2 rolls 5 and 6. 11 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 meals) 550127 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (Cj) € The width measured by the first measuring mechanism 11 exceeds the upper limit. 'It shows an undesired spill on material 8. In order to be able to control the width of the material or the subsequent material to be lower than the upper limit, the tensile stress in the material 8 should be increased between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2. This is implemented by reducing the rotation speed of the first roll stands 1 and 3, 4 with respect to the rotation speed of the second roll stand 2 and 5'6. The change in the rotation speed of the first rolling stand 1 rolls 3, 4 relative to the rotation speed of the second rolling stand 2 rolls 5, 6 can be changed by changing only the rotation speed of rolls 3, 4 and only the roll 5 , 6 or the rotation speed of the rollers 3, 4 and 5, 6 at the same time. The first measurement mechanism 11 is connected to a control unit 12. The first upper limit 値 and the lower limit 値 are stored in the control unit 12. The control unit 12 is further connected to a mechanism 9 for rotating the first roll stand 1 rolls 3, 4 and a mechanism 10 for rotating the second roll stand 2 rolls 5, 6. The width 値 measured by the measuring mechanism 11 is then compared with the first upper limit 値 and the lower limit 値 in the control unit 12, and the rotating mechanisms 9, 10 are controlled accordingly. A second mechanism 13 is provided for measuring the height of the material 8. The second mechanism 13 is located downstream of the second rolling stand 2. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the first and second measuring mechanisms are formed by a single measuring device. In the following description, the measuring mechanism 11 will be referred to as Of it. If the measured height is not within the second upper limit 値 and lower limit 储存 stored in the control unit 12, then change the rolls 5, 12 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) Li) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ·-w-·! · * · _ — "V · H · > · ϋ · _ϋ an 1 an Ha I ϋΜ · · Βϋ« 1 · — in n 1 iaBBi wear-V port printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 550127 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (the distance between / 6. This is not by automatic This is done manually. According to a better example, the setting of a mechanism 15 is used to adjust the relative distance between the rollers 5 and 6. Therefore, if the measured height does not fall on When the second upper limit 値 and the lower limit 値 are stored, the control unit 12 sends a signal to the displacement mechanism 15. This displacement preferably occurs between the blanks. Alternatively, the control unit 12 will notify the operation On the measured height 値 did not fall into place Between the stored second upper limit 値 and lower limit 値, the operator manually adjusts the displacement of the rollers 5 and 6. A third mechanism 14 is provided to measure the material 8 on the first rolling stand 1 and The height between the second rolling stand 2. The third measuring mechanism 14 is connected to the control unit 12. If the measured height 値 falls within the third upper limit 値 and the lower limit 値, the control unit 12 will be controlled. A displacement mechanism 17 is provided to move the rollers 3, 4 of the first rolling stand 1 relative to each other, for example by moving towards or away from each other. This displacement preferably occurs at Between the blanks. The displacement mechanism Π is also connected to the control unit 12. Of course, it is also within the scope of the present patent application to manually move the rollers in the same manner as before in light 5 and 6. Therefore, the first Three measuring mechanisms 14 can be used in the first rolling stand 1 to compensate for roll wear. A mechanism 16 is provided between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2 and is used to Detect one position of material 8. Detector The 16 series is connected to the control unit 12. The position limit of the position of the material 8 is not stored in the control unit 12. It is preferable that the detected position is compared with a reference position corresponding to the line formed by the material. This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · nm · _ϋ n a_l nf sip, I ϋ m an Hi ^^ 1 side Printed garments by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 550127 A7 B7__ 5. Description of the invention (//). If the detected position of the material 8 falls outside the stored position limit 値, it means that the material 8 no longer extends along a straight line, and therefore, an excessive compressive stress will appear in the material 8 internal. In order to avoid the generation of rounds that may cause uncontrolled overflow of the rolled material, the compressive stress inside the material between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2 must be reduced. This is preferably achieved by reducing the rotation speed of the rolls 1 and 3 of the first wave rolling stand relative to the rotation speed of the rolls 5 and 6 of the second rolling stand 2. The detection mechanism 16 and the third measurement mechanism 14 are formed by a single measurement / detection device in the first figure. The detection mechanism 16 can, for example, detect the position of the material 8 in the vertical and horizontal directions. According to a preferred embodiment, the detection mechanism 16 maintains the material in three directions, such as a lateral direction and a downstream direction. Therefore, a kind of compressive stress inside the material 8 produces the fact that the material moves upward. This can be detected by, for example, a conventional sensor or a light element. Therefore, the position detection mechanism 16 is provided to prevent the formation of round blocks between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2. The width error of the material caused by the light rotation speed controlled by the position detecting mechanism 16 is corrected by the other rolling stand downstream of the second rolling stand 2. According to a preferred embodiment, the occurrence of the material 8 on the second rolling stand 2 is detected, and the position limit 値 is based on the value when the front end of the material is entering the second rolling stand. Position. This measurement / detection is performed multiple times for each material or blank. And the measurement / detection is implemented at a time interval of less than 0.5 seconds between each measurement / detection, and it is preferably less than 0.1 seconds, especially less than ______ 14 books' ^ (Applicable to the national standard specifications of China (⑽x297)). ----- an βϋ n 1_ϋ a · — ϋ emBmm 11 I u > ^ r >, v, · n ϋ I— in _i_i in al_— n in 11 — Bi I 05._x. = Mouth (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 550127 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of Invention (/ l) 0.05 seconds. The control unit includes a memory mechanism, a computing mechanism, and a mechanism for receiving and sending messages. In the above description, the second rolling stand 2 is directly disposed downstream of the first rolling stand 1, that is, no rolling stand is provided in the brother * and brother_ ^ Between the seats. The measurement of the width of the material falling outside any one of the control limits (値), according to another specific embodiment, adjustment of the rotation speed of the roll, or for the seat located upstream of the first rolling stand 1 or It is the adjustment of the distance between the other rolling mill rolls downstream of the second rolling mill base 2. According to another specific embodiment, an undesired position is detected in which the material 8 is positioned between the first rolling stand 1 and the second rolling stand 2 in the first rolling stand. The rotation speeds of the rolls upstream 1 and / or other rolling stands 2 downstream of the second rolling stand 2 are adjusted. The detection / measurement may be performed by an electromagnetic device or other mechanisms such as a laser or a camera, or an optical method and a combination of mechanical sensors. The method / apparatus of the present invention is of course a method that can control the tension between the stands' in combination with known techniques, such as the above-mentioned method of controlling the output of the electric motor for rotating the roller. It should be noted that the description presented before should be taken as merely illustrating the idea underlying the present invention. Therefore, without departing from the scope of the present invention, obvious modifications can be made to those skilled in the art. ____ 15 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 ^ (2i〇X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) -------- Order * ----- -