490583 A7 ___B7__ 五、發明説明) 〔發明之所屬技術領域〕 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明係關於圖謀顯示面之明亮度之提昇之反射型液 晶顯示裝置。 〔先前技術〕 先前之反射型液晶顯示裝置係如圖1 1所示者，爲在 一對之玻璃基板5 1 、5 2之個別之內面設置透明電極層 5 3、5 4'再者，於那些電極層上設置液晶之配ή膜 5 5、5 6，在這些一對之基板間設置螺旋性向列液晶之 層5 7，再者，在一對之基板5 1、5 2之外側分別設置 偏光板5 8、5 9之構造。再者，於一方之偏光板5 9之 外側設置凹凸面向著偏光板5 9側之凹凸狀之反射板6 0 〔發明欲解決之課題〕 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 關於先前之反射型液晶顯示裝置，由於使用2片之偏 光板之關係，射入此液晶顯示裝置之偏光板5 8側之光之 中有6 0 %以上在此液晶顯示裝置中被切斷。因此，只有 入射光之4 0 %被利用於畫面顯示，因此，肉視此反射型 液晶顯示裝置之顯示面之場合，有太暗之問題。 本發明之目的在提供：在由液晶顯示裝置之顯示面側 肉視之場合，可以明亮顯示之反射型液晶顯示裝置。 〔解決課題之裝置〕 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） " 490583 經濟部智慧財產局Μ工消費合作社印製 kl __B7 . 五、發明説明（2 ) 本發明爲在相向之一對之玻璃基板間設置含二色性色 素之誘電異方性液晶之層，在一方之上述基板之相向面上 設置入射光之等方性擴散層之同時，在該擴散層之上依電 極層及液晶之配向膜之順序疊層，在另一方之上述基板之 相向面上依電極層及液晶之配向膜之順序疊層之同時，在 上述另一方之基板之外方設置凹凸面向著基板側之反射板 而形成之反射型液晶顯示裝置。 於如此之反射型液晶顯示裝置中，射入顯示面側之一 方之基板之光通過擴散層以及液晶層、再者另一方之基板 ，到達表面凹凸狀之反射板，介經此凹凸面被反射，由一 對之基板、液晶層、再者擴散層而射出光線。光射出方向 由對於擴散層之垂直方向至具有規定之角度之方向。於此 光之路徑中，本發明之液晶顯示裝置無偏光板之故，於本 發明之液晶顯示裝置中，光之透過性增大，由顯示面側之 光之射出明亮可見，即顯示面變明亮。 入射光之等方性擴散層爲對於全方位角之入射光，使 其分別往前方擴散者，半値寬爲5度以上1 0度以下者較 適合。半値賓未滿5度時，等方性擴散層之入射光之前方 擴散成爲不充分，通過液晶層內之光之擴散角度之寬變窄 之故，作爲良好顯示之可以肉視之視角變窄，又，半値寬 超過1 0度時，入射光在等方性擴散層表面後方散射之比 例變大之故，入射光之液晶層之透過率變低，貢獻於顯示 之光量變少之故，對比變小。因此，半値寬期望在上述範 圍。特別是，等方性擴散層之半値寬爲7度以上8度以下 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 490583 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 者，視角廣而且對比可以大之故，更爲理想。 上述對之電極層爲透明，因液晶顯示裝置之種類而不 同。例如，在T F T型之反射型液晶顯示裝置中，設置在 擴散層上之電極層成爲共通電極，在相反側之電極層中， 由多數之像素電極形成之層爲相當。 配向膜可以使用通常被使用之透明之配向膜。例如可 以使用聚醯亞胺製之配向膜。 具有凹凸狀表面之反射板係介經使由顯示面側之基板 射入、通過擴散層以及液晶層之光擴散。反射，以使視角 變大者。具有表面粗度Ra (/zm) 0 · 20以上 〇·32以下之反射板，在本發明裝置中爲所期望者。未 滿0 · 2 0之場合，射入反射板之光反射時之擴散效果小 。又，超過.0 . 3 2時，射入反射板之光反射時所生之偏 光偏離變大，黑之顯示變薄，對比變小。 特別理想者爲0 . 2 6以上0 . 2 8以下。在此範圍 中，射入具有凹凸狀表面之反射板之光之擴散效果變大， 而且偏光偏離也變小之故，對比也變大。 具有二色性色素之液晶，可以使用具有正、負之誘電 異方性之液晶。例如，使用聚有負之誘電異方性之液晶之 場合，在液晶層施加電場之時，各液晶分子成爲向著基板 面方向之狀態，即睡著之狀態，在另一方液晶層未施加電 場時，成爲向著橫過一對之基板間之方向之狀態，即站立 狀態。在液晶層施加電場時，二色性色素排列爲與液晶分 子相同方向而睡著之故，射入光之振動方向成爲與二色性 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ' (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)490583 A7 ___B7__ V. Description of the invention [Technical field of invention] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The present invention is a reflective liquid crystal display device for improving the brightness of the display surface. [Prior art] The conventional reflective liquid crystal display device is as shown in FIG. 11, and a transparent electrode layer 5 3, 5 4 'is provided on the inner surface of each of a pair of glass substrates 5 1 and 5 2. A liquid crystal film 5 5 and 5 6 are provided on the electrode layers, and a spiral nematic liquid crystal layer 5 7 is provided between the pair of substrates. Furthermore, the outer sides of the pair of substrates 5 1 and 5 2 are respectively provided. A structure in which polarizing plates 5 8 and 5 9 are provided. Furthermore, a concave-convex reflecting plate 6 0 is provided on the outside of one of the polarizing plates 59 to face the polarizing plate 59. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Employee Consumer Cooperative, printed the previous reflection Due to the use of two polarizing plates, more than 60% of the light incident on the 58th side of the polarizing plate of this liquid crystal display device is cut off in this liquid crystal display device. Therefore, only 40% of the incident light is used for the screen display. Therefore, when the display surface of the reflective liquid crystal display device is visually perceived, there is a problem that it is too dark. An object of the present invention is to provide a reflective liquid crystal display device capable of displaying brightly when viewed from the display surface side of the liquid crystal display device. [Device for solving the problem] This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) " 490583 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, M Industrial Consumer Cooperative Kl __B7. V. Description of the invention (2) The present invention In order to provide a layer of anisotropic liquid crystal containing dichroic pigments between opposite glass substrates, an isotropic diffusion layer of incident light is provided on the opposite surface of one of the substrates, and the diffusion layer is placed on the diffusion layer. It is stacked on top of the electrode layer and the alignment film of the liquid crystal on the other side, and on the opposite side of the substrate on the other side, it is stacked on the order of the electrode layer and the liquid crystal alignment film. A reflective liquid crystal display device in which unevenness faces a reflecting plate on a substrate side. In such a reflective liquid crystal display device, light that has entered a substrate on one side of the display surface passes through the diffusion layer and the liquid crystal layer, and then the other substrate, reaches a concave-convex reflecting plate, and is reflected through the concave-convex surface. Light is emitted from a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer, and a diffusion layer. The light emission direction is from a direction perpendicular to the diffusion layer to a direction having a predetermined angle. In this light path, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention does not have a polarizing plate. In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the light transmittance is increased, and the light emitted from the display surface side is bright and visible, that is, the display surface changes. Bright. The isotropic diffusion layer of incident light is suitable for incident light with omnidirectional angles, which are diffused forward, respectively. The half-width width is more than 5 degrees and less than 10 degrees. When the semi-bin is less than 5 degrees, the incident light of the isotropic diffusion layer diffuses inadequately before, and the width of the diffusion angle of light passing through the liquid crystal layer is narrowed. As a result, the viewing angle can be narrowed for good display. Also, when the half-width is more than 10 degrees, the proportion of incident light scattered behind the surface of the isotropic diffusion layer becomes larger, the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer of the incident light becomes lower, and the amount of light contributing to the display decreases. The contrast becomes smaller. Therefore, the half width is expected to be in the above range. In particular, the half-width of the isotropic diffusion layer is more than 7 degrees and less than 8 degrees. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 490583 A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The invention description (3) is more ideal because it has a wide perspective and can be contrasted. The above-mentioned pair of electrode layers are transparent and differ depending on the type of the liquid crystal display device. For example, in a TFT-type reflective liquid crystal display device, an electrode layer provided on a diffusion layer becomes a common electrode, and an electrode layer on the opposite side has a layer formed by a plurality of pixel electrodes. As the alignment film, a transparent alignment film generally used can be used. For example, an alignment film made of polyfluorene can be used. A reflecting plate having a concave-convex surface is made to be incident on a substrate on the display surface side and diffuses light through a diffusion layer and a liquid crystal layer. Reflection to make the angle of view larger. A reflector having a surface roughness Ra (/ zm) of 0. 20 or more and 32 or less is desirable in the device of the present invention. When it is less than 0 · 2 0, the diffusion effect of light incident on the reflecting plate is small. When it exceeds .0.32, the deviation of polarized light generated when the light incident on the reflecting plate is reflected, the black display becomes thin, and the contrast becomes small. Particularly preferred is 0.2 to 6 and 0.28. Within this range, the diffusion effect of light incident on a reflecting plate having a concave-convex surface becomes larger, and the deviation of polarized light also becomes smaller, so that the contrast becomes larger. As the liquid crystal having a dichroic pigment, a liquid crystal having positive and negative electromotive anisotropy can be used. For example, when liquid crystals with negatively induced anisotropy are used, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, each liquid crystal molecule is in a state facing the substrate surface, that is, asleep state, and when no electric field is applied to the other liquid crystal layer. , Becomes a state of crossing the direction between a pair of substrates, that is, a standing state. When an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the dichroic pigments fall asleep in the same direction as the liquid crystal molecules, and the vibration direction of the incident light becomes dichroic. This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297). Li) '(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)
、1T 490583 A 7 ______B7__ 五、發明説明（4 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 色速分子之長度方向平行之光，被二色性色素吸收成爲黑 之顯示。在一方液晶層未施加電場之時，二色性色素在橫 過一對之基板間之方向站立之故，射入光之振動方向與二 色性色素分子之長度方向正交，不吸收光之故，成爲明亮 之白色顯示。 二色性色素期望爲吸收可見光之全波長之黑之二色性 色素。例如使用具有負之誘電異方性之液晶之場合之二色 性色素，色素分子之長度方向與光之振動方向之平/行成份 一致時，吸收光，與光之振動方向之平行成份垂直時，不 吸收光。 關於本發明之液晶顯示裝置，可以在具有凹凸狀表面 之反射板與基板之間設置1 / 4 λ板。設置1 / 4 λ者爲 在液晶層施加電場時，由顯示面側射入之光之中不被二色 性色素吸收，通過液晶層之光在凹凸反射板被反射返回之 際，可以將這些光以二色性色素吸收者。即，於反射板被 反射返回之光再透過1 / 4 λ之際，使這些振動方向旋轉 9 0度，作爲與二色素色分子之長度方向平行之方向振動 之光，這些光在液晶層通過之際，使之被二色性色素吸收 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 〇 再者，本發明之其它之發明爲在相向之一對之透明基 板內面間設置含二色性色素之誘電異方性液晶之層，在一 方之上述基板之外面上設置入射光之異方性擴散板之同時 ，在上述一方之基板之內面依電極層及液晶之配向膜之順 序疊層，在另一方之上述基板之內面上依電極層及液晶之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） -7 - 490583 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明（5 ) 配向膜之順序疊層之同時，在上述另一方之基板之外方設 置凹凸面向著基板側之反射板而形成之反射型液晶顯示裝 置。 於如此之反射型液晶顯示裝置中，射入顯示面側之一 方之基板之光通過異方性擴散板以及液晶層、再者另一方 之基板，到達表面凹凸狀之反射板，介經此凹凸面被反射 ，由一對之基板、液晶層、再者異方性擴散板而射出光線 。光射出方向由對於異方性擴散板之垂直方向至具有規定 之角度之方向。於此光之路徑中，本發明之液晶顯示裝置 無偏光板之故，於本發明之液晶顯示裝置中，光之透過性 增大，由顯示面側之光之射出明亮可見，即顯示面變明亮 〇 異方性擴散板可以使用具有因射入光之角度，可以使 透過光直進與散射地自由變化之特性之透明之擴散板。例 如由與異方性擴散板之射入光側相反側之視點來看此擴散 板之場合之正面單方向2 0度- 7 0度之範圍爲不透明狀 態，其以外之範圍透明可見者。在如此之異方性擴散板中 ，由規定之方向來之光射入反射型液晶顯示裝置時，前方 擴散被導入液晶顯示裝置內。 上述對之電極層爲透明，因液晶顯示裝置之種類而不 同。例如，在T F T型之反射型液晶顯示裝置中，設置在 擴散層上之電極層成爲共通電極，在相反側之電極層中， 由多數之像素電極形成之層爲相當。 又，上述關於其它之發明之反射型液晶顯示裝置之配 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -8 - 490583 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（6 ) 向膜、具有凹凸狀表面之反射板、具有二色性色素之液晶 以及二色性色素可以使用與上述之配向膜、具有凹凸狀表 面之反射板、具有二色性色素之液晶以及二色性色素相同 者。 關於本發明之其它之發明之液晶顯示裝置，可以在具 有凹凸狀表面之反射板與基板之間設置1 / 4 A板。設置 1 / 4 λ者爲在液晶層施加電場時，由顯示面側射入之光 之中不被一色性色素吸收，通過液晶層之光在凹凸反射板 被反射返回之際，可以將這些光以二色性色素吸收者。即 ，於反射板被反射返回之光再透過1 / 4 Α之際，使這些 振動方向旋轉9 0度，作爲與二色素色分子之長度方向平 行之方向振動之光，這些光在液晶層通過之際，使之被二 色性色素吸收。 〔發明之實施之形態〕 以下，以T F T型之反射型液晶顯示裝置爲例，依據 圖面說明本發明之一實施之形態。 於圖1中，1與2爲一對之玻璃基板、3爲負之誘電 異方性液晶之層、3 a爲液晶分子、4爲液晶層3中之二 色性色素分子。 在上方之玻璃基板1之下面設置等方性擴散層5之同 時，在擴散層5之下面被疊層透明之共通電極層6 、再者 在該電極之下面疊層由聚醯亞胺形成之配向膜7。在下方 之玻璃基板2之上形成由透明之多數之像素電極形成之電 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -9 - 490583 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 極層8，再者，在其上形成由聚醯亞胺形成之配向膜9。 在下方之玻璃基板2之下面設置1 / 4 λ波長板1 〇，再 者，在1/4 λ波長板1 〇之下面設置具有凹凸狀表面之 反射板1 1。 如此之液晶分子3 a以及二色性色素分子4，在電極 6、8未被施加時，如圖1者之站立狀態，這些電極6、 8被施加時，如圖3者成爲睡著狀態。 等方性擴散層5如圖2般地被製作著。即，如圖2 ( a )所示者，於槽1 2內將由直徑3 // m與直徑4 // m之 聚苯乙烯形成之微粒子1 3，對於丙烯酸樹脂1 4以3 5 重量％之比例分別等重量混合，使其均勻分散，將此分散 液如圖2 ( b )所示者，在玻璃基板1上塗佈之，形成厚 度1 0 // m之丙烯酸樹脂膜1 5。接著，如圖2 ( c )所 示者，介經旋轉塗佈法在丙烯酸樹脂膜1 5上形成覆蓋層 16，再者，如圖2 (d)所示者，使覆蓋層16成爲厚 度8 // m左右地表面硏磨之，形成半値寬約7度之擴散層 5。再者，如圖2 ( e )所示者，介經I T〇在等方性擴 散層5上形成透明電極層6。 反射板1 1如圖3所示者，在表面全面形成凹凸面 12。凹凸面12之表面粗度爲0 . 28//m。此凹凸面 1 2形成爲反射及擴散光之模樣形狀。 接著，說明如此之液晶顯示裝置之顯示方法。 如圖4所示者，由上方基板1之顯示面側來之射入光 R對於其之垂直方向爲3 0度之角度射入等方性擴散層5 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝· 、-口 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -10 - 490583 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（8 ) ，通過等方性擴散層5之際，例如如r 1 〇、r 2 0、 ^ 3 〇地擴散，通過圖1之共通電極層6、配向膜7及液 晶層3。而且通過位於反射側之圖1所示之配向膜9、電 極層8、基板2以及1 / 4 λ板1 〇 ,到達凹凸反射板 1 1 。而且，依循凹凸反射板1 1之凹凸面1 2之凹凸形 狀，r 1〇例如反射於r 1 1 、r 1 2、r 1 3之方向， r 2 0例如反射於r 2 1、r 2 2， r 3 0例如反射於 r 3 1 、r 32之方向。這些反射光由上方之基板1之顯 示面側射出光之際，進入顯示面側之觀察者之眼。 在顯示將白色反射率（％ )除以黑色反射率（％ )之 値之對比作爲橫軸，以白色反射率爲縱軸之曲線之圖5中 ，以黑圈表示之本實施例，對比爲4、白色反射率1 2〇 %，以白圈表不之圖7之巾售.之先則例中，對比爲5 、白 色反射率爲4 0 %，兩相比較，可以判明反射率大幅提昇 ，明亮度被改善。 又，上述白色反射率以及黑色反射率爲使用液晶面板 評價裝置（大塚電子社製L C D 5 0 0 0 )，於白色板（ 具有M g〇標準白色面之板）以入射角3 0度照射之際之 反射角度1 5度之反射光之輸出爲基準，代替此白色板， 將使用液晶面板，即液晶顯示裝置，以同樣之照射條件測 定之反射光之輸出除以上述基準輸出，以百分率（％ )表 示之値。 特別是白色反射率表示本實施例液晶顯示裝置之白顯 示面之上述白分率之値，另一方面，黑色反射率表示本實 --------裝-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -11 - 490583 經濟部智慧財產局S工消費合作社印製 A7 ___ B7__五、發明説明（9 ) 施例液晶顯示裝置之黑顯示面之上述百分率之値。 又，在表示橫軸爲變更上述1 5度之反射角度之反射 角，縱軸爲依存這些反射角度之上述白色反射率之關係之 圖6中，如以黑圈表示本實施例，以黑四角表示圖7之先 前例者，除了由正反射不易見之23〜34度之反射角度 外之反射角之領域中，本實施例與先前例比較，顯著地白 色反射率大幅提昇，可以判明顯示畫面可以明亮顯示。 再者，以T F T型之反射型液晶顯示裝置爲例、依據 圖面說明本發明之其它之發明之一實施之形態。 於圖7中，1 0 1於1 0 2爲一對之玻璃基板、. 1〇3爲負之誘電異方性液晶之層、1 0 3 a爲液晶分子 、1 0 4爲液晶層1 0 3中之二色性色素分子。 在上方之玻璃基板1 0 1之外面設置異方性擴散板 1 0 5，另一方面在此玻璃基板1 0 1之內面上疊層透明 之共通電極層1 0 6，再者，在其之電極之下面疊層由聚 醯亞胺形成之配向膜1 0 7。在下方之玻璃基板1 0 2之 上形成透明之多數之像素電極1 0 8，再者，在其上形成 由聚醯亞胺形成之配向膜1 0 9。在下方之玻璃基板 102之下面設置1/4λ波長板110，再者，在 1/4 λ波長板1 1 〇之下面設置具有凹凸狀表面之反射 板 1 1 1。 如此之液晶分子1 0 3 a及二色性色素分子1 0 4， 在電極1 0 6、1 0 8爲施加時，如圖7所示者，爲站立 狀態，這些電極1 0 6、1 0 8被施加時，如圖8所示者 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -12 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一裝- 490583 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（1〇 ) ，成爲睡著之狀態。異方性擴散層1 0 5使用住友化學工 業社製之商品名少54 一。此爲薄膜狀之擴散板，在 薄膜內折射率不同之層約3 v m間隔排列而成者，特別是 在本實施例中，使用對異方性擴散板之射入光側與由相反 側之觀點所見此擴散板之正面單方向2 0 — 7 0度之範圍 爲不透明狀態，其之外之範圍爲透明可見者。 反射板1 1 1如圖8所示者，在表面全面形成凹凸面 1 1 2。凹凸面之粗度爲0 .28//m。此凹凸面'’1 1 2 形成爲反射及擴散光之模樣形狀。 接著，說明如此之液晶顯示裝置之顯示方法。 如圖9所示者，由上方基板1 0 1之顯示面側來之入 射光S，對於此異方性擴散板1 〇 5由射入光側與相反側 之觀點所見此擴散板之正面單方向3 0度之角度射入異方 性擴散板1 0 5，通過擴散板1 0 5之際，例如如S 1 〇 、S20、S30地擴散，通過圖7之共通電極層106 、配向膜1 0 7及液晶層1 0 3。而且通過位於反射側之 圖7所示之配向膜1 0 6、電極層1 07、基板1 0 3以 及1 / 4 λ板1 1 〇，到達凹凸反射板1 1 1。而且，依 循凹凸反射板111之凹凸面112之凹凸形狀，Sl〇 例如反射於S 1 1 、S 1 2、S 1 3之方向，S 2 0例如 反射於S 2 1、S 2 2，S 3〇例如反射於S 3 1、 S 3 2之方向。這些反射光由上方之基板1 〇 1之顯示面 側射出光之際，進入顯示面側之觀察者之眼。 在顯示將白色反射率（％ )除以黑色反射率（％ )之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13 - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 490583 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（11 ) 値之對比作爲橫軸，以白色反射率爲縱軸之曲線之圖1〇 中，以黑圈表示之本實施例，對比爲5、白色反射率 3 0 0%，以白圈表示之圖1 1之市售之先前例中，對比 爲5、白色反射率爲4 0 %，兩相比較，可以判明反射率 大幅提昇，明亮度被改善。 又，上述白色反射率以及黑色反射率爲使用液晶面板 評價裝置（大塚電子社製L C D 5 0 0 0 ),於白色板（ 具有M g ◦標準白色面之板）以入射角3 〇度照射之際之 反射角度15度之反射光之輸出爲基準，代替此白色板， 將使用液晶面板，即液晶顯示裝置，以同樣之照射條件測 定之反射光之輸出除以上述基準輸出，以百分率（％ )表 示之値。特別是白色反射率表示本實施例液晶顯示裝置之 白顯不面之上述白分率之値，另一方面，黑色反射率表示 本實施例液晶顯不裝置之黑顯示面之上述百分率之値。 〔發明之效果〕 本發明爲 再者，本發明之其它之發明爲於具有含二色性色素之 誘電異方性液晶之層之反射型液晶顯示裝置中，介經設置 異方性擴散板與具有凹凸狀之表面之反射板，與具有先前 之偏光板之反射型液晶顯不裝置相比，可以帶來明亮之顯 示面。 〔圖面之簡單說明〕 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)、 1T 490583 A 7 ______B7__ 5. Description of the invention (4) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The light with the length direction of the color speed molecules is absorbed by the dichroic pigment and becomes black. When an electric field is not applied to one of the liquid crystal layers, the dichroic pigment stands in a direction across a pair of substrates. The vibration direction of the incident light is orthogonal to the length direction of the dichroic pigment molecules and does not absorb light. Therefore, it becomes a bright white display. The dichroic pigment is desirably a black dichroic pigment that absorbs full wavelengths of visible light. For example, when using a dichroic pigment with negatively induced anisotropic liquid crystals, when the length direction of the pigment molecules is the same as the horizontal / linear component of the vibration direction of light, it absorbs light and is perpendicular to the parallel component of the vibration direction of light. , Does not absorb light. With regard to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a 1/4 lambda plate may be provided between a reflective plate having a concave-convex surface and a substrate. The setting of 1/4 λ means that when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the light incident from the display surface side is not absorbed by the dichroic pigment. When the light passing through the liquid crystal layer is reflected back by the uneven reflection plate, these can be reflected. Light is absorbed by dichroic pigments. That is, when the light reflected by the reflecting plate is transmitted again through 1/4 λ, these vibration directions are rotated by 90 degrees, and the light is vibrated in a direction parallel to the length direction of the dichroic molecules. These lights pass through the liquid crystal layer. On the occasion, it is printed by the dichroic pigment absorption by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Furthermore, the other invention of the present invention is to provide a dichroic pigment containing the dichroic pigment between the inner surfaces of the opposite transparent substrates. A layer of anisotropic liquid crystal is provided with an anisotropic diffusion plate for incident light on the outer surface of one of the substrates, and the inner surface of the one substrate is laminated in the order of the electrode layer and the alignment film of the liquid crystal. The other side of the above substrate is in accordance with the paper layer of the electrode layer and the liquid crystal. The Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) is applicable. -7-490583 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 Five 5. Description of the invention (5) At the same time as the alignment film is sequentially stacked, a reflective liquid crystal display device formed by forming a concave and convex surface facing the substrate side on the other side of the other substrate is provided. . In such a reflective liquid crystal display device, the light incident on one of the substrates on the display surface side passes through the anisotropic diffusion plate and the liquid crystal layer, and then the other substrate, and reaches the concave-convex reflector on the surface. The surfaces are reflected, and light is emitted from a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer, and an anisotropic diffusion plate. The light emission direction is from a vertical direction to the anisotropic diffusion plate to a direction having a predetermined angle. In this light path, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention does not have a polarizing plate. In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the light transmittance is increased, and the light emitted from the display surface side is bright and visible, that is, the display surface changes. As the bright and anisotropic diffusion plate, a transparent diffusion plate having the characteristics of allowing the transmitted light to go straight and scattered freely depending on the angle of incident light can be used. For example, when the diffuser is viewed from a point of view opposite to the light-incident side of the anisotropic diffuser, the range of 20 ° to 70 ° in one direction on the front of the diffuser is opaque, and other ranges are transparent. In such an anisotropic diffusion plate, when light from a predetermined direction is incident on a reflective liquid crystal display device, forward diffusion is introduced into the liquid crystal display device. The above-mentioned pair of electrode layers are transparent and differ depending on the type of the liquid crystal display device. For example, in a TFT-type reflective liquid crystal display device, an electrode layer provided on a diffusion layer becomes a common electrode, and an electrode layer on the opposite side has a layer formed by a plurality of pixel electrodes. In addition, the above-mentioned configuration of the reflective liquid crystal display device of other inventions (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -8-490583 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (6) Orientation film, reflective plate with uneven surface, liquid crystal with dichroic pigment, and dichroic pigment can be used with the above-mentioned alignment film, The reflecting plate with an uneven surface, the liquid crystal having a dichroic pigment, and the dichroic pigment are the same. With regard to the liquid crystal display device of the other invention of the present invention, a 1/4 A plate may be provided between the reflecting plate having the uneven surface and the substrate. The setting of 1/4 λ means that when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the light incident from the display surface side is not absorbed by the one-color pigment. When the light passing through the liquid crystal layer is reflected back by the uneven reflection plate, these lights can be reflected. Those with dichroic pigments. That is, when the light reflected by the reflecting plate is transmitted again through 1/4 Α, these vibration directions are rotated by 90 degrees, and the light is vibrated in a direction parallel to the length direction of the dichroic molecules. These lights pass through the liquid crystal layer. On the occasion, it is absorbed by the dichroic pigment. [Embodiments of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking a reflection type liquid crystal display device of the TFT type as an example. In Fig. 1, 1 and 2 are a pair of glass substrates, 3 is a layer of negatively induced anisotropic liquid crystal, 3a is a liquid crystal molecule, and 4 is a dichroic pigment molecule in the liquid crystal layer 3. While an isotropic diffusion layer 5 is provided below the upper glass substrate 1, a transparent common electrode layer 6 is laminated under the diffusion layer 5, and a polyimide formed of polyimide is laminated under the electrode. Alignment film 7. On the lower glass substrate 2 are formed the electricity formed by the transparent majority of the pixel electrodes (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)- 9-490583 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) The electrode layer 8 is formed thereon, and an alignment film 9 formed of polyimide is formed thereon. A 1/4 lambda wave plate 10 is provided below the lower glass substrate 2 and a reflecting plate 11 having a concave-convex surface is provided below the 1/4 lambda wave plate 10. Such liquid crystal molecules 3 a and dichroic pigment molecules 4 are in a standing state as shown in FIG. 1 when electrodes 6 and 8 are not applied, and when these electrodes 6 and 8 are applied, they are in a sleeping state as shown in FIG. 3. The isotropic diffusion layer 5 is manufactured as shown in FIG. 2. That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), in the groove 12, fine particles 1 3 formed of polystyrene having a diameter of 3 // m and a diameter of 4 // m will be 3 to 35% by weight for the acrylic resin 14. The proportions are mixed with equal weights and dispersed uniformly, and the dispersion is coated on a glass substrate 1 as shown in FIG. 2 (b) to form an acrylic resin film 15 having a thickness of 10 / m. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), a cover layer 16 is formed on the acrylic resin film 15 via a spin coating method, and as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the cover layer 16 is formed to a thickness of 8 // The ground surface is polished around m, forming a diffusion layer 5 with a half-width of about 7 degrees. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), a transparent electrode layer 6 is formed on the isotropic diffusion layer 5 via I T0. As shown in FIG. 3, the reflecting plate 11 has an uneven surface 12 formed on the entire surface. The surface roughness of the uneven surface 12 is 0.28 // m. The uneven surface 12 is formed into a shape that reflects and diffuses light. Next, a display method of such a liquid crystal display device will be described. As shown in Figure 4, the incident light R from the display surface side of the upper substrate 1 enters the isotropic diffusion layer 5 at an angle of 30 degrees to its vertical direction (please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) Printed and printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is printed in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -10-490583 A7 B7 Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing 5. Description of the invention (8), when the isotropic diffusion layer 5 is used, for example, diffused as r 1 0, r 2 0, ^ 3 0, through the common electrode layer 6, the alignment film 7 and the liquid crystal of FIG. Layer 3. Furthermore, the alignment film 9, the electrode layer 8, the substrate 2, and the 1/4 lambda plate 1 0 shown in Fig. 1 located on the reflection side reach the uneven reflection plate 1 1. In addition, following the uneven shape of the uneven surface 12 of the uneven reflection plate 11, r 10 is reflected, for example, in the directions of r 1 1, r 1 2, r 1 3, and r 2 0 is reflected, for example, r 2 1, r 2 2 R 3 0 is reflected in the directions of r 3 1 and r 32, for example. When these reflected lights are emitted from the display surface side of the substrate 1 above, they enter the eyes of an observer on the display surface side. In the example shown in FIG. 5 in which the ratio of the white reflectance (%) divided by the black reflectance (%) is taken as the horizontal axis and the white reflectance is the vertical axis, this example is shown by a black circle. 4. The white reflectance is 120%, which is sold as the white towel shown in Figure 7. In the previous example, the contrast is 5, and the white reflectance is 40%. Comparing the two, it can be determined that the reflectance is greatly improved. The brightness is improved. In addition, the white reflectance and the black reflectance were irradiated on a white plate (a plate having a Mg0 standard white surface) at an incident angle of 30 degrees using a liquid crystal panel evaluation device (LCD 50000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). The output of the reflected light at an international reflection angle of 15 degrees is used as a reference. Instead of this white plate, the output of the reflected light measured using the liquid crystal panel, that is, a liquid crystal display device, under the same irradiation conditions is divided by the above reference output, and the percentage ( %) Means 値. In particular, the white reflectance indicates the difference between the white ratio of the white display surface of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. On the other hand, the black reflectance indicates the actual value -------- install-(please read the back first Please note this page before filling in this page) This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -11-490583 Printed by A Industrial Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ___ B7__ V. Description of the invention ( 9) The percentage of the above-mentioned percentage of the black display surface of the liquid crystal display device in the embodiment. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the reflection angle that changes the above-mentioned 15-degree reflection angle, and the vertical axis represents the relationship between the above-mentioned white reflectivity depending on these reflection angles. For example, this embodiment is represented by a black circle, and the four corners are black. As shown in the previous example of FIG. 7, in the field of reflection angles other than the reflection angle of 23 to 34 degrees which are not easily seen by regular reflection, compared with the previous example, this embodiment significantly improves the white reflectance, so that the display screen can be determined Can be displayed brightly. Furthermore, a reflection type liquid crystal display device of the TFT type will be taken as an example, and an embodiment of another invention of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 7, 101 and 102 are a pair of glass substrates, 1.03 is a layer of negative induced anisotropic liquid crystal, 10 3 a is a liquid crystal molecule, and 104 is a liquid crystal layer 10 The dichroic pigment molecule in 3. An anisotropic diffusion plate 1 0 5 is provided on the outer surface of the upper glass substrate 1 0 1. On the other hand, a transparent common electrode layer 1 6 is laminated on the inner surface of the glass substrate 1 0 1. An alignment film 107 made of polyfluorene imide is laminated under the electrodes. A transparent majority of the pixel electrodes 108 are formed on the lower glass substrate 102, and an alignment film 109 made of polyimide is formed thereon. A 1 / 4λ wave plate 110 is provided below the lower glass substrate 102, and a reflective plate 1 1 1 having a concave-convex surface is provided below the 1/4 λ wave plate 1 1 0. Such liquid crystal molecules 1 0 3 a and dichroic pigment molecules 1 0 4 are applied when the electrodes 1 06 and 108 are applied, as shown in FIG. 7, and these electrodes 1 0 6 and 1 0 When 8 is applied, as shown in Figure 8, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -12-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) One Pack-490583 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of Invention (10), falling asleep. The anisotropic diffusion layer 1 0 5 uses a trade name made by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. which is less than 54 1. This is a thin film-shaped diffusion plate, which is arranged at intervals of about 3 vm in layers with different refractive indices in the film. Especially in this embodiment, the incident light side of the anisotropic diffusion plate and the opposite side are used. From the point of view, the range of 20 to 70 degrees in one direction of the front of the diffuser plate is opaque, and the other areas are transparent and visible. As shown in FIG. 8, the reflecting plate 1 1 1 has an uneven surface 1 1 2 formed on the entire surface. The roughness of the uneven surface is 0.28 // m. The concave-convex surface '' 1 1 2 is formed in a shape that reflects and diffuses light. Next, a display method of such a liquid crystal display device will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, the incident light S from the display surface side of the upper substrate 101 is for the anisotropic diffuser plate 105 and the diffuser plate is seen from the viewpoint of the incident light side and the opposite side. It is injected into the anisotropic diffusion plate 105 at an angle of 30 degrees in the direction, and when it diffuses through the diffusion plate 105, for example, S 1 0, S 20, and S 30, it diffuses through the common electrode layer 106 and the alignment film 1 of FIG. 7. 0 7 and LCD layer 103. Furthermore, the alignment film 106, the electrode layer 107, the substrate 103, and the 1/4 lambda plate 1 1 0 shown in FIG. 7 located on the reflection side reach the uneven reflection plate 1 1 1. Further, in accordance with the concave-convex shape of the concave-convex surface 112 of the concave-convex reflection plate 111, S10 reflects, for example, in the directions of S 1 1, S 1 2, and S 1 3, and S 2 0 reflects, for example, in S 2 1, S 2 2, and S 3. 〇For example, it reflects in the directions of S 3 1 and S 3 2. When these reflected lights are emitted from the display surface side of the upper substrate 101, they enter the eyes of an observer on the display surface side. The paper size that shows the white reflectance (%) divided by the black reflectance (%) is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -13-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) Order 495883 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) The comparison of 値 is used as the horizontal axis and the white reflectance is the vertical axis. In the example, the contrast is 5, and the white reflectance is 300%. In the commercially available previous example shown in FIG. 11 as a white circle, the contrast is 5, and the white reflectance is 40%. Comparing the two, the reflection can be determined. The rate is greatly increased and the brightness is improved. In addition, the white reflectance and the black reflectance were irradiated on a white plate (a plate having a Mg ◦ standard white surface) at an incidence angle of 30 degrees using a liquid crystal panel evaluation device (LCD 50000 manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.). The output of the reflected light at an international reflection angle of 15 degrees is used as a reference. Instead of this white plate, the output of the reflected light measured using the liquid crystal panel, that is, a liquid crystal display device, under the same irradiation conditions is divided by the above reference output, and the percentage (% ) Means 値. In particular, the white reflectance represents the above-mentioned white fraction of the white display surface of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, and the black reflectance represents the above-mentioned percentage of the black display surface of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. [Effects of the Invention] The present invention is still another, and the other inventions of the present invention are a reflection type liquid crystal display device having a layer of a dichroic pigment-containing electrotropic anisotropic liquid crystal, which is provided with an anisotropic diffusion plate and Compared with the reflective liquid crystal display device with the previous polarizing plate, the reflective plate with the uneven surface can bring a bright display surface. [Simplified description of the drawing] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X297公釐） -14 « 490583 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12 ) 圖1表不關於本發明之反射型液晶顯示裝置之一實施 例之槪念圖。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖2表不圖1所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之擴散層之 製造工程圖。 圖3爲圖1所示之液晶顯示裝置之展開圖。 圖4表示圖1所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之光之射入 與射出之狀態之模式圖。 圖5表示圖1所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之對/比與白 色反射率之關係圖。 圖6表示圖1所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之反射角度 與依存反射角度之白色反射率之關係圖。 圖7表示關於本發明之其它之反射型液晶顯示裝置之 一實施形態之槪念圖。 、 圖8爲圖7所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之展開圖。 圖9表示圖7所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之光之射入 與射出之狀態之模式圖。 經濟部智慧財產局Μ工消費合作社印製 圖1 0表示圖7所示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之對比與 白色反射率之關係圖。 圖1 1表示先前之反射型液晶顯示裝置之剖面圖。 〔標號之說明〕 1、2 玻璃基板 3 負之誘電異方性液晶之層 3 a 液晶分子 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15 - 490583 A7 B7五、發明説明（13 )456、8 7、9 10 二色性色素分子 等方性擴散層 電極層 配向膜 1 / 4 λ 板 凹凸反射板 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·裝·This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) -14 «490583 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) Figure 1 shows one embodiment of the reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Miss the picture. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) Figure 2 shows the manufacturing process drawing of the diffusion layer of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Figure 1. FIG. 3 is a development view of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a state of incident and emitted light of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the contrast / ratio and the white reflectance of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the reflection angle of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 and the white reflectance depending on the reflection angle. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of a reflective liquid crystal display device of the present invention. 8 is a development view of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 7. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a state in which light is incident and emitted from the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 7. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperatives. Figure 10 shows the relationship between the contrast of the reflective liquid crystal display device shown in Figure 7 and the white reflectance. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional reflective liquid crystal display device. 〔Explanation of the number〕 1,2 Glass substrate 3 Negatively induced anisotropic liquid crystal layer 3 a Liquid crystal molecules The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -15-490583 A7 B7 V. Invention Explanation (13) 456, 8 7, 9 10 dichroic pigment molecules and other square diffusion layer electrode layer alignment film 1/4 λ plate uneven reflection plate (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · Installation ·
、-iT 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -16 -、 -IT Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) -16-