TW490444B

TW490444B - Electrolytic apparatus, methods for purification of aqueous solutions and synthesis of chemicals

Info

Publication number: TW490444B
Application number: TW088121297A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Guillermo Daniel Zappi; Norman L Weinberg
Original assignee: Zappi Water Purification Syste
Priority date: 1998-12-07
Filing date: 1999-12-06
Publication date: 2002-06-11
Also published as: WO2000034184A1; NO20012804L; SK7672001A3; EP1150921A4; CZ20012002A3; CN1329576A; MXPA01005705A; EE200100303A; ID30239A; IS5954A; AU3112000A; BR9915992A; AP2001002197A0; OA11806A; JP2002531704A; CA2355346C; NZ512645A; TR200101659T2; NO20012804D0; PL348151A1

Abstract

Electropurification of contaminated aqueous media, such as ground water and wastewater from industrial manufacturing facilities like paper mills, food processing plants and textile mills, is readily purified, decolorized and sterilized by improved, more economic open configuration electrolysis cell designs with electrodes comprising a plurality of conductive porous elements in electrical contact with one another. The cells may be divided or undivided, and connected in monopolar or bipolar configuration. When coupled with very narrow capillary gap electrodes more economic operation, particularly when treating solutions of relatively low conductivity is assured. The novel cell design is also useful in the electrosynthesis of chemicals, both organic and inorganic types, such as hypochlorite bleaches and other oxygenated species.

Description

490444 鹽經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製理用方 A7 五、發明說明（發明之技術領域本發明係-般有關水性溶液之純化作用與實用性化學產品之製備，更詳細地係有關電化學方法，與用於飲用水、工業廢水與受污染的地下水之電純化作用以及實用性產品如有機與無機化學品之電化學合成作用（電合成作用）之更有效率、經濟與更安全的電解裝置。發明之背景說明在人口成長與供水受限的城鎮中，廢水係一有用的資源。廢水之再利用除了減輕對於有限的淡水供應之壓力外’亦可藉由降低溪流與湖泊所承受的污排水而增進其等的品質。可將廢水时與再利用於農作物與景觀的灌溉、地下水的補注或休閒遊憩之目的。，供適於飲料水，係另-個生活所必需者。天然可取侍的水之品質因地區而不同，及經常需要除去微生物諸如細菌、真菌、孢子與其他生物體如似隱孢菌，類、重金屬離子、有機物，及該等污染物之組合。過去數年間，曾使用多種的一級、二級與三級處方法，進行工業廢水的去污染作用、地下水的純化作、以及家庭供水之處理以使其等可供安全飲用。該等▼ 法主要包括機械與生物方法之組合，如粉碎作用、沈積作用、污泥消解作用、活化污泥過濾作用、生物氧化作用、硝化作用等。亦廣泛地使用物理與化學方法，諸如與化予添加物之絮凝作用或凝聚作用，沈澱作用，過濾作用，以氣、臭氧、芬頓（Fent〇n)試劑之處理，逆滲透作本紙張尺度適用中國_標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 χ撕公爱· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)490444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Salt Economy A7. 5. Description of the invention (Technical Field of the Invention The present invention is generally related to the purification of aqueous solutions and the preparation of practical chemical products, and more specifically to electrochemistry It is more efficient, economical, and safer for the chemical purification of drinking water, industrial wastewater and polluted groundwater, and the electrochemical synthesis (electrosynthesis) of practical products such as organic and inorganic chemicals. Electrolysis device. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In cities and towns where population growth and water supply are limited, wastewater is a useful resource. In addition to reducing the pressure on limited fresh water supply, reuse of wastewater can also reduce the burden on streams and lakes. It can improve the quality of sewage and drainage. The wastewater can be reused for irrigation of crops and landscapes, groundwater replenishment or recreational purposes. It is suitable for drinking water, and it is another essential life. Natural The quality of the water available varies from region to region and often requires removal of microorganisms such as bacteria Fungi, spores, and other organisms such as Cryptosporidium, genus, heavy metal ions, organics, and combinations of these pollutants. In the past few years, a variety of primary, secondary and tertiary processes have been used for industrial wastewater treatment. Decontamination, purification of groundwater, and treatment of domestic water supply to make them safe for drinking. These ▼ methods mainly include a combination of mechanical and biological methods, such as pulverization, sedimentation, sludge digestion, activated sewage Mud filtration, biological oxidation, nitrification, etc. Physical and chemical methods are also widely used, such as flocculation or aggregation with chemical additives, precipitation, filtration, and gas, ozone, and Fenton (Fent. n) Reagent treatment, reverse osmosis. The paper size is applicable to China_Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (21〇χ tear public love · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（2 ) 用’紫外線殺菌作用等。亦曾倡❹種電化學技術，㈣於工業廢水與地下 7的去染作用’包括處理家庭供水以供飲用。雖秋電化學方法之受歡迎程度漸增，但相較於前所提及的機械、生物與化學方法’其在水與排放水處理方面所扮演的 ^色仍相當小。在-些情況下，發現另類的科技在初始貝金成本與能量消耗方面，係較為經濟。通常，相較於傳統的氣化作用、臭氧化仙、凝化學方法在初始資金成本與運作成本方面並不爭力。早j的電化學方法需要添加作為導電性改良劑之支持電解質，其不僅增加運作成本，亦產生有關副產物處置之進-步的問題。在-些情況下，電化學方法無法將污染物濃度降至政府法規所容許的程度，因而無法有效地處理溶液。因此，該等電化學方法在持續達成有機污染物之實質完全礦化作用方面，缺乏充分的可信度，以及缺乏將工業廢水充分脫色以符合政府法規之能力。在前述與早期的電化學方法有關的缺點之下，電化學仍被看好為水性溶液的去污染作用之首要技術。因此 ’需要更有效率與更安全的電化學電池之配置與方法，以更經濟地處理大量的工業廢水、排放水流與地下水，包括家庭供水之去污染作用以使其等適於飲用。該等電化學電池的配置亦應適用於電合成化學產品。發明之摘要說明本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (2) Ultraviolet sterilization. It has also advocated a variety of electrochemical technologies, which are used to decontaminate industrial wastewater and underground 7 ', including treating domestic water supply for drinking. Although the popularity of autumn chemical methods is increasing, compared with the aforementioned mechanical, biological and chemical methods, its role in water and wastewater treatment is still quite small. In some cases, alternative technologies have been found to be more economical in terms of initial cost and energy consumption. Generally, compared with traditional gasification, ozonation, and condensation chemical methods, the initial capital cost and operating cost are not competitive. The early electrochemical methods required the addition of a supporting electrolyte as a conductivity improver, which not only increased operating costs, but also caused problems related to further processing of by-products. In some cases, electrochemical methods have not been able to reduce the concentration of pollutants to the extent permitted by government regulations, and therefore cannot effectively treat solutions. Therefore, these electrochemical methods lack sufficient credibility to continuously achieve the substantially complete mineralization of organic pollutants, and lack the ability to fully decolorize industrial wastewater to comply with government regulations. In view of the aforementioned shortcomings associated with earlier electrochemical methods, electrochemistry is still regarded as the primary technology for the decontamination of aqueous solutions. Therefore, there is a need for a more efficient and safer configuration and method of electrochemical cells to more economically treat large amounts of industrial wastewater, discharged water and groundwater, including the decontamination of domestic water supplies to make them suitable for drinking. The configuration of these electrochemical cells should also apply to electrosynthetic chemical products. Abstract description of the invention This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（本發明係有關用於電純化水性溶液的改良構件，該 f生办/夜特別是排放水流，其包含受到廣泛的化學與生 2 5木物Θ染之廢水’該污染物包括來自如有機與-些 ^機，口物之代表性族群者。代表性的可能無機污染物二括虱、聯胺、硫化物、亞硫酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽、硝酸鹽人亞Wfec鹽、金屬離子等。有機污染物包括有機金屬化口物’·來自紡織廠之染料，·來自食品加工廠之碳水化合，、脂肪與蛋白質類物質；排放水流，諸如來自紙漿與製紙廠之含有木質素與其他色體的黑色液體，·一般類型的水污染物，包括致病性微生物，如細菌、真菌、黴菌 •、孢子、胞ftg、原生動物與其他感染性媒介物如病毒 ’耗氧廢棄物等。 L法完整地列出所有能以中請專利方法成功地处里的可月b污染物的名稱，應瞭解出現於本中請案中之文字，，受污染的水性電解質溶液”或其變化，係意欲涵蓋所有可能的有機、無機、金屬離子或生物性污染物。用以實施本發明之電純化方法與裝置，其有效地純化貫質上任何水性㈣之能力特難得注意該水性溶液包含一或多種有機物與一些無機物，包括以低至<】啊 “i>3Q()’_ppn^濃度範圍存在的有害金屬離子與生物性污染物。、在大部份的情況下，僅需要電力即能達成污染物組成物中所需的化學變化。自來水的導電性即足以供改户的電池設計之運作。因而，在受污染的水性溶液中'納^ 本紙張尺度適用中國國豕標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公羞） ------*— ^---------Μ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 6 A7 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（4 / U改良X處理溶液之導電性及達成所需的污染刀解作用乙節’既非必要亦非必然有利的。較佳，在大部份的情況下並未在電純化反應中產生固態副產物，因而不會造成昂貴的處置問題。本發明之改良的電化學 =法’可在能與傳統的非電化學方法諸如氯化作用、臭 2作用與凝聚作用競爭的成本下，達成完全的或實質的脫色作用、有機污染物的完全礦化作用、及生物一卞物的7U全破壞作用，即使污染物係以混合型污染物存在，進而符合或超越政府的法規。人因此，本發明的主要目標係提供一電解電池，其包 3位於|解裝置區之作為電極的至少一㈤陽極與至少 -個陰極。該等電極之位置較佳足夠接近，使其等電極間的間隙不僅可將電池電壓與IR之損失降至最低，亦可在不需要附加的支持電解質或載流子下達成導電性。提供構件’其用於將電解質溶液直接添加至電極以遍佈於電極間的間陽：。提供構件，其用於調節電解質溶液於電解裝置區之留置時間。當電解電池用於電純化作用時，電解質留置於該電解裝置區一段充分的時間，以待污染物:改良作用之發生，其係在電池中的留置期間藉由電化子上的直接方式及/或藉由化學改良作用而將污染物變成毒性較低的物質。提供其他的構件，以收集自電解裝置區沈降之經處理的電解質溶液。亦屬重要地，本發明之電解電池具有一開端式配置。除了本發明之電化學電池之外，亦提供進一步的構 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 V. Invention Description (This invention is an improved component for electrically purifying an aqueous solution. 5 Wood Θ dyed wastewater 'The pollutants include those from representative groups such as organic and organic products. Representative possible inorganic pollutants include lice, hydrazine, sulfide, sulfite, Nitrite, nitrate, human Wfec salt, metal ions, etc. Organic pollutants include organometallic substances' · dyes from textile mills, · carbohydrates from food processing plants, fats and proteins; discharge of water , Such as black liquids containing lignin and other color bodies from pulp and paper mills, general types of water pollutants, including pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, molds, spores, cell ftg, protozoa and others Infectious media such as virus, oxygen-consuming waste, etc. The L method completely lists the names of all the pollutants that can be successfully placed in the patented method. It should be understood The text in the present application, "Contaminated Aqueous Electrolyte Solution" or its variations, is intended to cover all possible organic, inorganic, metal ions, or biological pollutants. The electrical purification method and The device has the ability to effectively purify any aqueous radon on the mass. It is extremely rare to note that the aqueous solution contains one or more organic substances and some inorganic substances, including those present in concentrations as low as <] ah "i > 3Q () '_ ppn ^ Harmful metal ions and biological pollutants. In most cases, only electricity is needed to achieve the required chemical changes in the composition of the pollutants. The conductivity of the tap water is sufficient to modify the operation of household battery designs. Therefore, in the contaminated aqueous solution, the paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297). ------ *-^ --------- Μ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 6 A7 A7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (4 / U Improves the conductivity of the X treatment solution and achieves the required pollution solution Role B ' Not necessary and not necessarily advantageous. Preferably, solid by-products are not generated in the electropurification reaction in most cases, and therefore do not cause expensive disposal problems. The improved electrochemical method of the present invention can At the cost of competing with traditional non-electrochemical methods such as chlorination, odorization 2 and coacervation, complete or substantial decolorization, complete mineralization of organic pollutants, and 7U of biological monoliths Fully destructive effect, even if the pollutants exist as mixed pollutants, and then meet or exceed government regulations. Therefore, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic battery, the package of which is located at least A stack of anodes and at least one cathode. The positions of these electrodes are preferably close enough so that the gap between the electrodes can not only minimize the loss of battery voltage and IR, but also eliminate the need for additional supporting electrolyte or load. Conductivity is achieved under the charge. A providing member 'is used to directly add an electrolyte solution to the electrodes so as to be distributed between the electrodes. A means is provided for adjusting the residence time of the electrolyte solution in the area of the electrolytic device. When the electrolytic cell is used for electrical purification, the electrolyte is left in the electrolytic device area for a sufficient period of time to wait for the contamination: the improvement effect occurs, which is caused by the direct method on the electrochemical device during the indwelling period in the battery and / Or through chemical modification to change pollutants into less toxic substances. Other components are provided to collect the treated electrolyte solution settling from the electrolytic device zone. It is also important that the electrolytic cell of the present invention has an open-ended configuration. In addition to the electrochemical cell of the present invention, further structure is also provided (please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page)

7 - 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（5 ) 件以供實用與有效率的運作，如藉由幫浦構件或重力而將受π染的水性電解質溶液直接添加至電池；用於受污染的水性電解質溶液之預處理構件，例如用於曝氣、酸鹼值調整、加熱、過濾較大型顆粒者；以及用於後處理之構件’例如酸驗值調整與冷卻、或氯化作用以於飲用水應用上提供殘餘的殺菌效應。此外，本發明包括管線内的監測’其具有感應器與微處理器以進行自動化電腦輔助的方法控制，諸如酸鹼值感應器、紫外線與可見光、用於生物性污染物、溫度的感應器等。本發明進—步的目標，係提供用於純化水性溶液之一系統，其包括： ⑴一個電解電池，其包含位於一電解裝置區之作為電極的至少一個陽極與至少一個陰極。該等電極之位置係彼此足夠接近，使其等電極間的間隙可將電池電壓與讯之損失降至最低。同時包括一輸送管構件，用於將受污染的水性電解質溶液直接添加至電解裝置區的電極。該電解電池的特徵在於一開端式配置。 (Π)—控制閥構件，用以控制受污染的水性電解質溶液直接經由上述⑴的輸送管構件而至電極之流動。 (m)包括用以將受污染的水性電解質溶液泵送通過該輸送管構件之構件，及然後 (iv)包括用以提供電解電池一直流電力供應之一整流器構件。該純化系統亦包括感應器構件與電腦化構件，該電本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公1 ) ------ί訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ί 44 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（6 ) 腦化構件係用以接收來來自該感應為構件之輸入數據與提供输出訊號以控制至少_德方丨被上 ^ 土— 制主夕種選自下列群中的操作條件：^流岔度、受污染的水性溶液至電解電池之流速、受污染的水性電解質溶液之溫度與酸鹼值。選擇性的組件:括用以進-步處理電化學產生的氣態副產物之排氣構件▲用以進行受污染的水性電解質溶液的予貝處理之構件， 4預處理係選自下列群中：過濾作用、酸驗質之調整與度之調整。 ^如上述，本發明之電解電池在其等的”開端式配置，面係特別創新的。如詳細說明與申請專利部份所示，，端式配置，，或其變化係界定為適於控制該經處理或去污水性電解質溶液與氣態或揮發性副產物之滲漏或排出電化學t池设計。上述的定義亦指免除或排除傳統的叫閉式電化學電池或槽類型的電池設計，其等使用傳統的間接構件以將電解質添加至電極。封閉流動類型的電化學電池，例如通常係製造自數個機器或射入模壓的電框架，其等一般在壓力下接合成一個不滲漏的密封堆物，及具有襯墊或0型環以避免電解質自電池滲漏。該型的密閉式電化學電池，一般見於封閉式的板或框架型的電池。電池組件需要非常緊密的裝配容忍度，以封該電池及避免電解質與氣體滲漏至空氣令。因此，W 等電化學電池具有高的初始資金成本、整修成本包括損壞的電池框架與來自封閉式的板或框架類型電池拆裝襯墊之更換成本。方開的之封池疊類類密該的7-Printed A7 by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (5) for practical and efficient operation, such as adding π-stained aqueous electrolyte solution directly to the component by means of pump components or gravity. Batteries; pre-treatment components for contaminated aqueous electrolyte solutions, such as those used for aeration, pH adjustment, heating, and filtration of larger particles; and components for post-treatment such as acid value adjustment and cooling, Or chlorination to provide residual bactericidal effect in drinking water applications. In addition, the present invention includes in-line monitoring 'which has sensors and microprocessors for automated computer-aided method control, such as pH sensors, ultraviolet and visible light, sensors for biological pollutants, temperature, etc. . A further object of the present invention is to provide a system for purifying an aqueous solution, comprising: (i) an electrolytic cell comprising at least one anode and at least one cathode as electrodes in an electrolytic device zone. The electrodes are located close enough to each other so that the gap between the electrodes can minimize battery voltage and signal loss. A duct member is also included for directly adding the contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution to the electrodes in the electrolysis device zone. The electrolytic cell is characterized by an open-end configuration. (Π)-a control valve member for controlling the flow of the contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution directly to the electrode through the above-mentioned piping pipe member. (m) includes a member for pumping the contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution through the pipe member, and then (iv) includes a rectifier member for providing a direct current power supply of the electrolytic cell. The purification system also includes a sensor component and a computerized component. The size of the paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 male 1). -Line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ί 44 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (6) The brain component is used to receive input from the sensor as a component Data and provide output signals to control at least _ 德方丨 being up ^ 土 — Control the operating conditions selected from the following groups: ^ bifurcation degree, flow rate of polluted aqueous solution to electrolytic cell, polluted water Temperature and pH of electrolyte solution. Optional components: including exhaust components for further processing of electrochemically generated gaseous by-products ▲ components for pre-treatment of contaminated aqueous electrolyte solutions, 4 pretreatment is selected from the following groups: Filtration, acid quality adjustment and degree adjustment. ^ As mentioned above, the electrolytic cell of the present invention is particularly innovative in its “open-end configuration. As shown in the detailed description and patent application, the end-configuration, or its variations are defined as suitable for control Leakage or discharge of the treated or decontaminated electrolyte solution and gaseous or volatile by-products or the design of the electrochemical T cell. The above definition also refers to the elimination or exclusion of the traditional closed-type electrochemical cell or cell type battery design, They use traditional indirect components to add electrolyte to the electrodes. Closed-flow type electrochemical cells, such as are usually manufactured from several machines or injection molded electrical frames, and they are usually joined under pressure to form a non-leakage. Sealed stacks, and with gaskets or O-rings to prevent electrolyte leakage from the battery. This type of closed electrochemical cell is generally found in closed plate or frame type batteries. Battery components require very tight assembly tolerances In order to seal the battery and prevent electrolyte and gas from leaking into the air. Therefore, electrochemical cells such as W have high initial capital costs, and repair costs include Battery replacement frame and bad frame or a plate type battery removable liners from closed cost of the closure apart side tank of the dense bundle Classes

------------ C請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁} tr 490444------------ C Please read the Zhuyin on the back first? Matters refill this page} tr 490444

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

因本發明之電化學電池的配置係為，，開端式，，而非密封得以控制水性電解質溶液與氣態副產物之渗漏， 2免除密封式的電池設計，包括襯塾、0型環與其他密封、置°反之’電池組成部件係視需要而以各種機械構件維持於緊密相鄰的位置’該等構件包括如鉗、螺繩、％圈或藉由卡鎖在—起而交互作用的配件等。結果，以本發明新的開端式電池觀念，可將初始電池成:、更新與維修成本降至最低。在本發明之開端式配置的電池中，電解質係自一進料n直接添加至電解裝置區的電極’該進料器係位於相對於電極面而言的中央位置，例如，其中該受污染的溶液係藉由流過電極間非常窄的間隙或空間而與電極接觸 ^在該期間，水性溶液中的污染物係於電極直接轉變成毒性較低的物質及域經由自發性產生化學氧化劑或還原劑’諸如氯’漂白劑即次氣酸鹽，氫，氧或反應性氧物種如臭氧、過氧化物如過氧化氫、羥基游離基等，而經化學改良成毒性較低的物質，如二氧化碳、硫酸鹽、氫、氧與氮。在一些情況下，依所處理溶液中之污染物的組成物組成而定，在電池中處理之前或處理期間，在該溶液中添加低濃度的一些鹽類諸如氯化鈉、鐵鹽或其他催化性鹽類，可能為有利的。例如，其可用以產生一 4b 活丨生氣，以在經處理的水中提供殘餘濃度的消毒劑，或產生亞鐵離子，以促進以所添加或電化學生成的過氧化氫產生芬頓（Fenton)試劑。同樣地，亦可在進料物流中導Because the configuration of the electrochemical cell of the present invention is, open-end, rather than sealed, to control the leakage of aqueous electrolyte solution and gaseous by-products, 2 the sealed battery design is eliminated, including liners, O-rings and other Sealed and placed on the contrary 'Battery components are maintained in close proximity with various mechanical components as needed' These components include, for example, pliers, screws,% loops or accessories that interact with each other by locking Wait. As a result, with the new open-end battery concept of the present invention, the initial battery cost can be minimized. In the battery of the open configuration of the present invention, the electrolyte is directly added to the electrode of the electrolysis device area from a feed n. The feeder is located at a central position relative to the electrode surface, for example, where the contaminated The solution is in contact with the electrodes by flowing through a very narrow gap or space between the electrodes. ^ During this period, the pollutants in the aqueous solution are directly converted into less toxic substances and domains by the electrodes through the spontaneous generation of chemical oxidants or reduction. Agents such as chlorine bleaches are hypochlorite, hydrogen, oxygen or reactive oxygen species such as ozone, peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, etc., and chemically modified to less toxic substances such as carbon dioxide , Sulfate, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. In some cases, depending on the composition of the contaminants in the solution being treated, a low concentration of some salts, such as sodium chloride, iron salts, or other catalysts, is added to the solution before or during processing in the battery Sexual salts may be beneficial. For example, it can be used to produce a 4b live gas, to provide a residual concentration of disinfectant in the treated water, or to produce ferrous ions to promote the production of Fenton with hydrogen peroxide added or electrochemically generated. Reagent. Similarly, it can be guided in the feed stream.

本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） 10 490444 經濟部智慧財產局消費合作社印製五、發明說明（8 ) 入氧或空氣’以增進過氧化物之產生。因電解質通常係在正壓下直接添加至電極組中，在電解作用期間所產生的氣體諸如氫與氧，較不容易藉由形成絕緣層或氣泡區而蓄積於電極表面。氣體對於電極之遮蔽作用，造成較大的電流内阻，而導致較高的電池電壓與較大的電力消耗。然而，在本發明中電解質係直接流至電池，而溶液在電極間的間隙之動態流動，可降低氣體之遮蔽作用及進而降低電池的電壓。藉由抽泵或重力進料之構件而進入電池之水性溶液，級聯流動越過與通過可取得的電極間的間隙，及藉重力而離開電池的電解裝置區，向下降至一儲存器中進行後處理或加以排出，諸如排至天然水道中。相反地，電解所產生之任何未溶解的氣體，則自電池中向上至大氣中，或若需要的話抽至煙氣收集器或通風櫥中以供收集或進一步的處理。雖然如上述之直接進料的，，開端式配置，，電化學電池較佳係免除傳統的電池護罩或槽，如更詳述於後者Y 現於本說明與申請專利範圍的，，開端式配置，，除了前述的義之外，亦包括該等電化學電池的設計，其中經直接加的電極係位於一開端式槽或一開端式電池護罩的内區域。一開端式槽的電化學電池之代表實例，揭露於由以排定部美消國專利第4，179,347號（授予心臟等人），該電池係用於，毒廢水流之一連續系統中。該電池槽具有一開端式頂部、一底壁、側壁與位於槽内部之彼此隔開的電極。受污This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × X 297 mm) 10 490444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (8) Oxygen or air is used to increase the production of peroxides . Since the electrolyte is usually directly added to the electrode group under positive pressure, gases such as hydrogen and oxygen generated during the electrolysis are less likely to accumulate on the electrode surface by forming an insulating layer or a bubble region. The shielding effect of the gas on the electrodes causes a larger internal resistance of the current, which results in a higher battery voltage and a larger power consumption. However, in the present invention, the electrolyte flows directly to the battery, and the dynamic flow of the solution between the electrodes can reduce the shielding effect of the gas and thus the voltage of the battery. The pump enters the battery's aqueous solution by means of a pump or gravity-fed component, and the cascade flows across the gap between the electrode and the accessible electrode, and leaves the cell's electrolytic device area by gravity, and descends to a reservoir for Post-treatment or discharge, such as into natural waterways. Conversely, any undissolved gas produced by electrolysis is drawn from the battery up to the atmosphere or, if necessary, into a flue gas collector or fume hood for collection or further processing. Although, as mentioned above, the open-end configuration, the electrochemical cell is preferably free of the traditional battery shield or tank, as described in more detail in the latter Y. Now in the scope of this description and patent application, the open-end type The configuration, in addition to the foregoing meanings, also includes the design of these electrochemical cells, in which the directly-added electrode system is located in the inner region of an open-end tank or an open-end battery shield. A representative example of an open-cell electrochemical cell is disclosed in US Patent No. 4,179,347 (issued to Heart et al.), Which is used in a continuous system of toxic wastewater streams. The battery slot has an open top, a bottom wall, a side wall, and electrodes spaced from each other inside the slot. Contaminated

------------4111^------^—訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 11 發明說明（9) 染的水性溶液並非直接添加至位於槽中的電極，而是如 Krause等人所揭露，電解質係最初添加至該槽的一個第一、、；‘，其中内部的導流板在廢水中產生水流，使廢水向上與向下地循環通過平行的電極及在電極間循環。因而，在Krause等人的開端式槽電池中，實質上係藉由將電極置於該槽中水性溶液所駐留之較低區域，而經由一淹灌效應而使電解質與電極間接地接觸，而非如本發明直接將電解質送至電極組，其中在壓力下將電解液壓迫通過鄰近的陽極與陰極間的間隙。該被動式淹灌效應係不足以達成有效的破壞作用所需之質量傳遞條件，特別當污染物係以低濃度存在時。結果，電解反應的氣態副產物能夠及經常在電極表面形成—氣體氣泡層。其因較高的内阻而造成較高的電池電壓與較大的電力消耗。因此，就本發明的目標而言，出現於本說明與申請專利範圍的”開端式配置，，係意欲包括開端式槽類型的電化學電池，其中電極組係位於一開端式槽/護罩之内部，及包括用以將受污染的水性溶液直接添加至電極的構件。在直接,4、加之下，該護罩並不作為受污染的水性溶液之㈣器’否則受污染的水性溶液將間接應而被動地接觸該電極。㈣效發明的目標而言，應瞭解”開端式配置”亦包招成鄰近電化學電池與純化系統之安全裝置，諸如裝設降低操作者受傷之可能性的防濺罩、遮護板與籠罩。而’例如將本發明的電解電池與純化系統限制於一小 490444 A7 部智慧員工消五、發明說明（10 ) 間内，亦涵蓋於出現於本說明與申請專利範圍的，，開端式配置”之含意之内。 Beck等人於美國專利第4,048,047號中揭露另一類型的電化學電池設計。Beck等人的電池設計包括環形電極板之一個雙極組，其以隔板分開以提供自〇〇5至2亳米之電極間的間隙。液態電解質係經由一進入電極組的中央開口然後向外的一管線，而直接添加至電極板，使電解液在該電極組的外部流下。然而，該電極組係置於一相連的封閉式護罩中，其具有一覆蓋罩以避免氣體反應物、蒸汽或反應產物之損失。因此Beck等人的電池之封閉式配置，並不符合如本發明之，，開端式配置，，電池的標準。雖然曾指出本發明之改良與高度經濟的電化學電池設計之’’開端式配置，，，係基於免除傳統的封閉式電池設計，包括板與框架類型的電池及傳統的槽類型的電池，及傳統的部份開端式槽類型的電池設計，不論其等為> 批式或連續式，應瞭解出現於本說明與申請專利範圍的開端式配置，，，亦指能以在一些情況下係鄰近電池電極或其邊緣之各種叙入物、障壁、隔板、導流板等加以改 3L電化子電池。该等改良具有改變電解質的循環與方a 之效應，及增加駐留/留置時間，及因而影響駐留時間金電解質自電池排出的速率。儘管如此，當電極本身仍、實質上可接近時，該等部份開端式之改良型電化學電〜 ’確實涵蓋於”開端式配置，，的含意之内。代表性之改良型電化學電池’其電極仍為實質上可接近及涵蓋於本說訂以分良向池明本紙張尺度刺t關家鮮------------ 4111 ^ ------ ^ — Order --------- (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 11 Description of the invention ( 9) The dyed aqueous solution is not directly added to the electrode located in the tank, but as disclosed by Krause et al., The electrolyte is initially added to a first, ... of the tank, where the inner deflector is in the wastewater A water flow is generated to circulate the wastewater up and down through parallel electrodes and between the electrodes. Therefore, in the open-cell cell of Krause et al., The electrolyte is indirectly contacted with the electrode through a flooding effect by placing the electrode in a lower area where the aqueous solution resides, and Instead of sending the electrolyte directly to the electrode group as in the present invention, the electrolyte is pressed through the gap between the adjacent anode and cathode under pressure. The passive flooding effect is not sufficient to achieve the mass transfer conditions required for effective destruction, especially when the pollutants are present at low concentrations. As a result, gaseous by-products of the electrolytic reaction can and often form a gas bubble layer on the electrode surface. It results in higher battery voltage and larger power consumption due to higher internal resistance. Therefore, for the purpose of the present invention, the "open-end configuration" that appears in the scope of this description and patent application is intended to include an open-end cell type electrochemical cell, where the electrode group is located in an open-end cell / shield. Inside, and including the components used to directly add the contaminated aqueous solution to the electrode. Under the direct, 4, the shield is not used as a container for the contaminated aqueous solution. Otherwise, the contaminated aqueous solution will be indirectly applied. And passively contact the electrode. For the purpose of the invention, it should be understood that the "open-end configuration" also includes safety devices adjacent to the electrochemical cell and the purification system, such as splash protection to reduce the possibility of injury to the operator. Covers, shields and cages. And 'for example, the electrolytic cell and purification system of the present invention are limited to a small 490444 A7 smart staff. 5. The invention description (10) is also included in this description and patent application. Within the meaning of "range, and beginning configuration". Beck et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,048,047, disclose another type of electrochemical cell design. The battery design of Beck et al. Includes a bipolar group of ring electrode plates separated by a separator to provide a gap between the electrodes from 0.05 to 2 mm. The liquid electrolyte is directly added to the electrode plate through a pipeline that enters the central opening of the electrode group and then outwards, so that the electrolytic solution flows down outside the electrode group. However, the electrode assembly is placed in an associated enclosed shield with a covering shield to avoid loss of gaseous reactants, steam or reaction products. Therefore, the closed-type configuration of the battery of Beck et al. Does not meet the standard of the open-type configuration of the battery according to the present invention. Although it has been pointed out that the `` open configuration '' of the improved and highly economical electrochemical cell design of the present invention is based on the elimination of traditional closed cell designs, including plate and frame type batteries and traditional slot type batteries, and Traditional partial open-end cell type battery designs, whether they are > batch or continuous, should be aware of the open-end configurations that appear in the scope of this description and patent applications. They also mean that they can be used in some cases. Various items, barriers, separators, deflectors, etc. adjacent to the battery electrode or its edges are modified to 3L electrochemical sub-cells. These improvements have the effect of changing the circulation and formula of the electrolyte, and increasing the dwell / dwell time, and thus affect the rate at which the gold electrolyte is discharged from the battery. Nonetheless, when the electrodes themselves are still substantially accessible, these partially-open-end modified electrochemical cells are indeed included in the “open-end configuration,” meaning the representative improved electrochemical cells. 'The electrodes are still substantially accessible and are covered in this book. The paper size is divided into two points.

I A7 1、發明說明（11 ) 與申請專利範圍的”開端式配置，，的含意之内者，係為所謂的”瑞士捲電池，，設計，其中例如移除彼此重疊及以同心= 式捲起之電極的管狀封閉式外殼，藉而形成一”開端類型的瑞士捲電池”。本發明進一步的目標係提供一種更有效率的電化學電池設計，其能有效地處理水性介質中不同濃度（自少至數ppm至數千ppm)與廣泛圍的化學性與生物性污染物，而相較於更傳統的水純化系統，其在資金成本與電力消耗方面具有經濟競爭力。本發明的電化學系統與方法具有顯著改善的經濟效果，使能經由連續方法而即刻適於處理來自生產設施的大量工業廢水，該等生產設施諸如化學工廠、紡織廠、製紙廠、食品加工廠等。較低的電池電壓與較高的電流密度係以高度經濟性的開端式配置達成，特別當配置為一單極電化學電池時，其所配備之電極具有窄的毛細管電極間的間隙。一般而言，電極間的間隙寬度係窄至足以達到導電性，而毋需在受污染的水性溶液中添加附加的支持電解質或載流子。因而，可免除在受污染的水性電解質溶液中添加支持電解質以作為載流子之需求。因而，本發明進一步的目標係提供改良的、更經濟的與更安全的連續式、半連續式或分批式方法，其以下列步驟電純化受污染的水性溶液： ⑴提供一電解電池，其包括位於一電解裝置區之作為電極的至少一個陽極與至少一個陰極。 w f电極之位 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線齡經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製I A7 1. The description of the invention (11) and the scope of the patent application "open-end configuration", the meaning of which is a so-called "Swiss roll battery", which design, for example, removes overlapping each other and concentric = roll The tubular closed enclosure of the starting electrode forms a "Swiss Roll Battery of the Beginning Type". A further object of the present invention is to provide a more efficient electrochemical cell design, which can effectively treat different concentrations (from as little as a few ppm to several thousand ppm) and a wide range of chemical and biological pollutants in an aqueous medium, Compared with more traditional water purification systems, it is economically competitive in terms of capital cost and power consumption. The electrochemical system and method of the present invention have significantly improved economic effects, enabling immediate processing of large amounts of industrial wastewater from production facilities such as chemical plants, textile mills, paper mills, and food processing plants via continuous processes. Wait. The lower battery voltage and higher current density are achieved with a highly economical open-end configuration, especially when configured as a unipolar electrochemical cell, where the electrodes are equipped with narrow capillary electrode gaps. In general, the gap width between the electrodes is narrow enough to achieve conductivity without the need to add additional supporting electrolytes or carriers to the contaminated aqueous solution. Thus, the need to add a supporting electrolyte as a carrier to a contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution can be eliminated. Accordingly, a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved, more economical and safer continuous, semi-continuous or batch method that electrically purifies a contaminated aqueous solution in the following steps: ⑴ Provide an electrolytic cell, which It includes at least one anode and at least one cathode as electrodes in an electrolytic device zone. w f Electrode position (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Order --------- Printed by the Consumer Affairs Co., Ltd. of the Bureau of Economics and Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

五、發明說明（l2 ) 置係彼此足夠接近，使其等電極間的間隙可將電池電堡與IR之損失降至最低。提供_構件，用於將受污染的水性溶液直接添加至電解裝置區的電極。提供一構件，用於管制電解作用期間電解質溶液於電解裝置區之駐留時間，以改良該污染物。該電解電池的特徵在於如前述的” 開端式配置，，； ⑼將受污染的水性電解質溶液直接添加至電解電池的電解裝置區，及 ' (111)在電解電池的電極施予一電壓，以改良及較佳破壞水性電解質溶液中之污染物。應瞭解該方法一般包括自該電解電池回收一經純化的電解質溶液之步驟。然:而’本發明係規畫將經純化的水性溶液直接輸送至例如流域中，或選擇性地送後處理站。、、如前所提及地，該等方法係於一開端式配置之電解 7池中進仃’該電池可為單極或雙極之配置。因為該開端式配置如在此所界定者，本發明可即刻配置為一個單極設計。此係特別有利的，因為當受污染的水性溶液之電解導電性相當低時及同時需維持低的電池電壓之際 ’較兩的電流密度係為有利的。同樣地，本發明之改良型電化學電池可具有一個雙極配置，特別適用於大型2 備以降低母線與整流器的成本。 y /、型地在單極開端式電池設計中，係與各電極進行電氣連接。而在雙極配置中，係與末端電極進行電氣 297公釐) 本紙張尺錢財國規格(210 490444 A7 B7 智慧財消五、發明說明（13 ) 連接。然而，在許多的應用中需要增加電極的表面積，特別自實驗室規模的電化學電池擴大至試驗規模，及最後擴大至商品尺寸的開端式電池。若在電池的擴大中可達成用以施行本發明方法的一個更有效率的電池設計，及進-步降低資金成本與運作成本，係為有利的。因此，本發明的另一個主要目標，係提供本發明開端式電解電池觀念的另類與更經濟的具體例，其中多孔電極的|面係I此相#，及配置於一垂直面或以一組的形式彼此水平地重疊。通常為網或_之該多孔電極，係彼此電接觸，而各電極組僅需單一供電電極以將電壓導入該處。因而，藉由將電極配置於該等代表性的形式，顯著地增加有效的電極表面積，而不需要如其他情況地增加電源的外接電接觸之數目。藉由將電極分層，可降低連接的成本，同時亦節省電極購買上的資金。其他的益處包括以開端式電池配置改良運作的效率，及因電池電壓較低的結果而降低電力消耗與降低運作成本。因此，本發明包括，，開端式電池，，配置的具體例，其中該電解電池包括位於一電解裝置區之作為電極的至少一 :陽極與至少-個陰極。至少一個電極包括數個”性多孔70件，其等彼此相鄰及彼此電接觸。提供構件，用於將一水性電解質溶液直接添加至電解裝置區的電極，及用於管制該電解質溶液於電解裝置區之駐留時間。另擇地，包括數個導電性多孔元件之電極，可與一固態、非孔性導電電極元件組合。 iirl — dm (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------- 製本紙張尺f適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（ χ 297公髮）經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製5. Description of the invention (l2) The placement systems are close enough to each other so that the gap between the electrodes and the like can minimize the loss of the battery and the IR. A component is provided to add the contaminated aqueous solution directly to the electrodes in the electrolysis unit area. A means is provided for regulating the residence time of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic device area during the electrolysis to improve the pollutant. The electrolytic cell is characterized by the "open-end configuration" as described above; ⑼ directly adding the contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution to the electrolytic device area of the electrolytic cell, and (111) applying a voltage to the electrode of the electrolytic cell to Improve and better destroy the pollutants in the aqueous electrolyte solution. It should be understood that the method generally includes the step of recovering a purified electrolyte solution from the electrolytic cell. However: 'The present invention plans to deliver the purified aqueous solution directly to For example, in the watershed, or optionally sent to a post-processing station. As mentioned previously, these methods are performed in an electrolytic 7 cell with an open-end configuration. The battery can be a unipolar or bipolar configuration. Because the open-end configuration is as defined herein, the present invention can be immediately configured as a unipolar design. This is particularly advantageous because the electrolytic conductivity of the contaminated aqueous solution is relatively low and at the same time it needs to be maintained low In the case of battery voltage, it is advantageous to have a current density that is higher than two. Similarly, the improved electrochemical cell of the present invention can have a bipolar configuration, and is particularly suitable for large 2 In order to reduce the cost of the bus and the rectifier. In the single-pole open-end battery design, the electrical connection is made with the electrodes. In the bipolar configuration, the electrical connection with the terminal electrode is 297 mm. Paper Rule Money Country Specifications (210 490444 A7 B7 Wisdom Wealth Consumption V. Invention Description (13)). However, in many applications it is necessary to increase the surface area of the electrode, especially from laboratory scale electrochemical cells to test scale, and Finally, it is an open-end battery that is expanded to the size of the product. It is advantageous if a more efficient battery design for implementing the method of the present invention can be achieved in the expansion of the battery, and the capital cost and operating cost are further reduced. Another main objective of the present invention is to provide an alternative and more economical specific example of the concept of the open-type electrolytic cell of the present invention, in which the surface of a porous electrode is arranged on a vertical plane or in a group. The forms overlap each other horizontally. Usually the porous electrodes, which are nets or _, are in electrical contact with each other, and each electrode group only needs a single power supply electrode to introduce the voltage into the Therefore, by arranging the electrodes in these representative forms, the effective electrode surface area is significantly increased without increasing the number of external electrical contacts of the power source as otherwise. By layering the electrodes, the connection can be reduced. Costs, while also saving money on electrode purchases. Other benefits include improved operating efficiency with open-cell battery configurations, and lower power consumption and lower operating costs due to lower battery voltage. Therefore, the present invention includes, A specific example of the configuration of an open-end battery, wherein the electrolytic cell includes at least one of an anode and at least one cathode as electrodes located in an electrolysis device area. At least one electrode includes a plurality of "porous" 70 pieces, which are in phase with each other. Adjacent to each other in electrical contact, a component is provided for directly adding an aqueous electrolyte solution to an electrode in an electrolytic device zone, and for controlling the residence time of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic device zone. Alternatively, an electrode including a plurality of conductive porous elements may be combined with a solid, non-porous conductive electrode element. iirl — dm (please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Order ---------- Paper ruler f Applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (χ 297 public hair) Wisdom of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Property Agency Staff Consumer Cooperative

A7 五、發明說明（Η ) =用以電純化受污染的水性溶液方法，其步驟包括：解二供—開端式配置的電解電池，其包括位於-電 …之作為電極的至少-個陽極與至少一個陰極。 =-個電極包括數個導電性多孔元件，例如網或筛， “彼此相鄰及彼此電接觸。提供構件，用於將一受污 !的水性電解質溶液直接添加至電解裝置區的電極。亦提供構件，用於管制該水性電解質溶液於電解裝置區之駐留時間’以改良其中的污染物； ()將又污木的水性電解質溶液添加至⑴之電解電対中，及 (ill)在電解電池的電極施予—電壓，以改良水性電解質溶液的電解質中之污染物。本發明之改良的電純化方法，亦包括處理受到金屬離子污染的水性溶液。通常，其等為來自電鍍槽排放水、金屬溶出液、殺生物配方物與塗料之有毒物質，及可被一複合劑、表面活性劑或還原劑螯合。本發明之電純化方法可破壞該複合劑、表面活性劑或還原劑，以釋出該有害金屬以於電解電池中進行進一步的處理，或選擇性地例如轉送至一金屬回收電池，以自溶液中電鍍出金屬。雖然在此揭露的電解電池之主要用途係電純化受污染的溶液，本發明的，，開端式，，電池配置即可用於其他的實用性應用上。代表性實例包括無機與有機化合物之電本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）A7 V. Description of the Invention (Η) = Method for electrically purifying a contaminated aqueous solution, the steps of which include: Solving the two-supply-open-end configuration electrolytic cell, which includes at least one anode located at -electricity as an electrode and At least one cathode. = -Electrodes include several conductive porous elements, such as nets or sieves, "adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. Provide a member for directly adding a contaminated! Aqueous electrolyte solution to the electrode in the electrolysis device area. Also Provide a component for controlling the residence time of the aqueous electrolyte solution in the electrolytic device area to improve the pollutants therein; () adding the aqueous electrolyte solution of the dirty wood to the electrolysis cell of ⑴, and (ill) in the electrolysis The electrode of the battery is applied with a voltage to improve the contaminants in the electrolyte of the aqueous electrolyte solution. The improved electrical purification method of the present invention also includes treating the aqueous solution contaminated with metal ions. Generally, these are discharged water from the plating tank , Toxic substances of metal eluates, biocidal formulations and coatings, and can be chelated by a complexing agent, surfactant or reducing agent. The electric purification method of the present invention can destroy the complexing agent, surfactant or reducing agent, To release the harmful metal for further processing in an electrolytic cell, or optionally, for example, transfer to a metal recovery cell to remove from the solution Metal is electroplated. Although the main purpose of the electrolytic cell disclosed herein is to electrically purify contaminated solutions, the present invention, open-end, and battery configuration can be used for other practical applications. Representative examples include inorganic and The size of the paper for organic compounds applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

17 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 490444 五、發明說明（15 化學合成作用，諸如碘酸鹽與過碘酸鹽、二氧化氯、過硫酸鹽、及經由柯爾伯（K〇lbe)㈣電解法或藉由活化婦煙的電氫化二聚作用之二聚物、電解水而形成氫與氧等因而’本發明之另一個主要目標係提供電合成方法以生產實用的產品，該方法之步驟包括： ⑴提供一具有開端式配置之電解電池，其中該電池配備有位於一電解裝置區之作為電極的至少一個：極與至少-個陰極。至少個電極包括數個導電性多孔元件 ’例如網或筛’其等彼此相鄰及彼此電接觸。提供構件 ’用於將-電解質溶液直接添加至電解裝置區的電極。亦提供構件，用於管制該電解質溶液於電解裝置區之駐留時間； (ii) 在⑴之電解電池中添加包含一種電反應性受質諸如一種無機鹽類溶液之電解質，該溶液如製造漂白劑時之鹼金屬水性溶液、製造過碘酸鹽時之碘酸鹽、一種酸之水性溶液等；及 (iii) 在電解電池的電極施予一電麼，以電解該電解質溶液而形成一實用的化學產品。本發明之該具體例包括用以電合成一實用產品之方法，其中該電解電池配備一個多孔性隔膜或選擇性滲透膜。 4 圖式之簡要說明為進一步瞭解本發明及其特性，應參考所附圖式，本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁)17 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 490444 V. Description of the invention (15 Chemical synthesis, such as iodate and periodate, chlorine dioxide, persulfate, and via Kolbe ㈣Electrolysis or the formation of hydrogen and oxygen by dimerization of activated hydrogenation dimerization, electrolysis of water, and the formation of hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore, another main objective of the present invention is to provide an electrosynthesis method to produce a practical product. The steps include: (1) providing an electrolytic cell having an open-end configuration, wherein the battery is provided with at least one electrode as an electrode located in an electrolytic device area: a pole and at least one cathode. At least the electrodes include a plurality of conductive porous elements' For example, a net or sieve 'they are adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. A providing member' is used to directly add an electrolyte solution to an electrode in an electrolytic device zone. A member is also provided to control the residence time of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic device zone. ; (Ii) adding an electrolyte containing an electroreactive substance such as an inorganic salt solution to the electrolytic cell, such as making bleach Aqueous alkali metal solution, periodate when making periodate, an acidic aqueous solution, etc .; and (iii) Is an electrode applied to an electrode of an electrolytic cell to electrolyze the electrolyte solution to form a practical Chemical products. This specific example of the present invention includes a method for electrosynthesizing a practical product, wherein the electrolytic cell is equipped with a porous membrane or a selectively permeable membrane. 4 Brief Description of the Drawings To further understand the present invention and its characteristics, Please refer to the attached drawings. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page)

18 490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（16 ) 其中：第1圖係一個側面垂直切面圖’顯示本發明的直接進料開知式配置、控制渗漏的電化學電池之第一且體例 ’其中電極係以水平定向位於一個集水容器之上· 第2圖係第1圖的電化學電池之一個側面垂直切面圖 ’除了電極係為垂直定向之外；第3圖係一個侧面垂直切面圖，顯示本發明的直接進料、開端式配置、控制滲漏的電化學電池之第二具體例，其中電極係位於一開端式電池護罩之内部；第4圖係第1圖的電極電池組之剖視圖；第5圖係本發明以單極配置連接的一個電極組之側面垂直切面圖；第6圖係本發明以雙極配置連接的一個電極組之側面垂直切面圖；第7圖係以分離器加以間隔的一個電極組之垂直切面圖；第8圖係一個開端式電化學電池之側面垂直切面圖，其具有以單極配置連接的多孔電極組；第9圖係一個開端式電化學電池之側面垂直切面圖，其具有以雙極配置連接的多孔電極組；及第10圖係說明依據本發明方法將苯酚水性溶液去污染之電純化作用結果，如第I例所進行者。較佳具體例之說明首先，第1圖係說明一個電化學電池丨〇，用於純化前本紙張尺度賴t _家標準（C⑽A4規格（210 x 297公釐） ------------------J.—訂---------線赢 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 19 490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（I7 述之受污染的水性溶液，其以通過入口22之受污染的水12 代表。受污染的水12係於電池10之電解裝置區14中加以處理’如所示電池H)係為完全開端式配置，容許電解反應的氣態副產物諸如氧與氫16釋出至大氣中。在一些情況下’收集電解反應期間所產生的一些潛在有害的，以避免排至大氣中，係為有利的。例如在電解含有鹽水或海水的水性排放水流之期@，在陽極可產生氣。可回收該等氣體，例如藉由鄰近電化學電池1()之—個傳統式設計的真空動力通風裝置（未顯示）。電解裝置區14包括於第丨與4圖中以水平定向所示之一個電極組η，及包括至少—個陰極18與至少_個陽極2〇。陽極20例如可作用為一終端心，用以支撐電極、隔板與分離器之組合以成為一組裝好的電極組17。位於電極之間的非導電性電極隔板23，提供相鄰的陽極與陰極之間所需的電極間的間隙或空間。雖然圖式中的第二圖僅顯示—個中央陰極與在陰極18對側的陽極，應瞭解该電極組可能由數個交錯的陽極、隔板、陰極等所形成 ’以螺检構件25 f過該組及以終端板將組件料於安定的組裝中。 ^ ^該終端板、電極與隔板可具有大致為長方形的幾何形狀。然而，任何其他可能的幾何形狀與尺寸，皆在本發月的範圍之内，包括正方形、圓形或環形配置等。受汚染的水性電解質溶液係經由供應管線22而直接添加2 電解裳置區14中之電極。顯示供應管線22係位於相對於 l· Γ. Αν------^丨丨訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁)18 490444 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16) Among them: Figure 1 is a side vertical sectional view 'showing the direct feeding open-type configuration of the present invention and the control of leakage electrification The first and method of learning batteries' where the electrode system is horizontally oriented on a water collection container. Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of one side of the electrochemical cell shown in Figure 1 except that the electrode system is vertically oriented. FIG. 3 is a side vertical cross-sectional view showing a second specific example of the direct-feed, open-end configuration, and leakage control electrochemical cell of the present invention, in which the electrode system is located inside an open-end battery shield; FIG. 4 Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode battery pack of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of an electrode group connected in a unipolar configuration according to the present invention; Fig. 6 is a side view of an electrode group connected in a bipolar configuration according to the present invention. Sectional view; Figure 7 is a vertical sectional view of an electrode group spaced by a separator; Figure 8 is a side vertical sectional view of an open-end electrochemical cell, which has a Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional side view of an open-end electrochemical cell with a porous electrode group connected in a bipolar configuration; and Fig. 10 illustrates an aqueous solution of phenol according to the method of the present invention Decontamination results of electric purification, as performed in Example 1. Description of the preferred specific example First, Figure 1 illustrates an electrochemical cell, which is used to purify the paper size before the standard (C⑽A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) -------- ---------- J.—Order --------- Line Win (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 19 490444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 V. Description of the invention (I7 The contaminated aqueous solution is represented by the contaminated water 12 passing through the inlet 22. The contaminated water 12 is treated in the electrolytic device zone 14 of the battery 10 'as shown in the battery H) is a completely open-ended configuration that allows gaseous by-products of the electrolytic reaction, such as oxygen and hydrogen 16, to be released into the atmosphere. In some cases, 'collect some of the potentially harmful generated during the electrolytic reaction to avoid discharge into the atmosphere This is advantageous. For example, during the electrolysis of aqueous discharge streams containing brine or seawater @, gas can be generated at the anode. These gases can be recovered, for example, by a conventional design adjacent to the electrochemical cell 1 () Vacuum powered ventilation unit (not shown). The electrolysis unit area 14 is included in丨 and FIG. 4 shows an electrode group η shown in a horizontal orientation, and includes at least one cathode 18 and at least one anode 20. The anode 20 can function as a terminal core, for example, to support the electrode, the separator and the separation. To form an assembled electrode group 17. A non-conductive electrode separator 23 located between the electrodes provides the gap or space between the electrodes required between adjacent anodes and cathodes. The second figure only shows a central cathode and the anode on the opposite side of the cathode 18. It should be understood that the electrode group may be formed by several staggered anodes, separators, cathodes, etc. The terminal plate is used to stabilize the assembly in a stable assembly. ^ ^ The terminal plate, electrodes, and separators can have a generally rectangular geometry. However, any other possible geometry and size are within the scope of this month. , Including square, circular or ring configuration, etc. The contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution is directly added through the supply line 22 to the electrode in the electrolytic dressing area 14. The supply line 22 is shown relative to l · Γ. Αν-- ---- ^丨丨 Order --------- line (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page)

本紙張尺錢财 X 297公釐） -20 A7 --------_B7_— 五、發明說明（1S ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 陽極/終端板21之中央位置。可為固態與平㈣電極，較佳為網/篩類型的物質。此促使進入電極組的水性電解質溶液直接與電極接觸，及藉而輻向流過該電極組内的各電極表面，而朝向其邊圍。此外，進入的溶液通常以軸向流動，或正常地流至電極平面的縱軸，使得該受污染的水性溶液以喷泉似的效應級聯流動越過與通過該電極、而在過私中最大化與電極表面的接觸。不含或實質不含污染物之經純化的水24 ,離開電解裝置區14，及可收集於一開端式槽26中，或匯集進入一排放管線（未顯示）以排至天然流域等。應瞭解直接添加至電解裝置區之受污染的水性溶液之進料’並不需要如第1 _4圖所示位於相對於該電極組之中央位置。其他的直接進料路徑包括反轉進料點，使得叉污染的水性溶液係自該電極組之底部添加，或以相對於該等電極平面的一個斜角或鈍角添加。此外，該直接進料的進入點可與該等電極的平面表面邊緣成軸，其中該受污染的溶液係送至電極組的周邊邊緣。經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製用於管制該受污染的水性溶液於電解裝置區14之駐留時間及用於控制經去污與純化的水24自該處之滲漏之一種便利的方式，可為經由閥28及/或傳統式設計的抽泵構件（未顯示）。受污染的水直接進入該電極組及經去污的水離開該組之流速，可經由人工或標準設計的自動化流量控制閥28而加以管制。調整流速（公升/分鐘），使其足以在經處理的溶液離開該電解裝置區之際，有效地破壞 21 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 490444This paper rule money X 297 mm) -20 A7 --------_ B7_— V. Description of the invention (1S) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The center of the anode / terminal board 21 position. Can be solid and flat electrodes, preferably mesh / sieve type materials. This causes the aqueous electrolyte solution entering the electrode group to be in direct contact with the electrode, and thereby radiates toward the surface of each electrode flowing in the electrode group, and toward the periphery thereof. In addition, the incoming solution usually flows axially, or normally to the vertical axis of the electrode plane, so that the contaminated aqueous solution flows in a cascade of fountain-like effects across and through the electrode, maximizing in malfeasance. Contact with the electrode surface. Purified water 24 containing no or substantially no pollutants leaves the electrolysis unit zone 14 and can be collected in an open-ended tank 26 or pooled into a discharge line (not shown) for discharge to natural watersheds and the like. It should be understood that the feed of the contaminated aqueous solution added directly to the electrolytic device zone does not need to be located in a central position relative to the electrode group as shown in Figs. 1-4. Other direct feed paths include reversing the feed point so that the fork-contaminated aqueous solution is added from the bottom of the electrode group, or at an oblique or obtuse angle relative to the plane of the electrodes. In addition, the entry point of the direct feed may be axised to the planar surface edges of the electrodes, where the contaminated solution is sent to the peripheral edges of the electrode group. A convenient way for the consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to print the control of the residence time of the contaminated aqueous solution in the electrolytic device area 14 and to control the leakage of decontaminated and purified water 24 from there It can be a pump component (not shown) via valve 28 and / or conventional design. The flow rate of contaminated water directly into the electrode group and decontaminated water leaving the group can be controlled by manual or standard designed automatic flow control valve 28. Adjust the flow rate (liters / minute) so that when the treated solution leaves the electrolysis device area, it will effectively destroy the paper. 21 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 490444

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 5染物。瞭解本揭露内容之優點的習知技藝者，亦將瞭解7藉由其他方式而最佳化本發明的電化學電池之性能，諸如增加該溶液於電解裝置區中之路徑。例如，導2 板之裝設可增加該溶液於電解裝置區中之留置時間。2 他的方式包括擴大電極的表面積，以降低在電解區中之駐：時間。實際上，習知技藝的電化學家亦將瞭：能以較尚的電流密度而增加該電池的性能。因為電池的幾何形狀以及可便利地使用單極與雙極配置的能力，可使用實際上任何的電極物質，包括平板、網狀形式的金屬，泡沫體或其他物質，諸如石墨、玻璃態碳、網狀玻璃態碳及顆粒性碳。此亦包括電極物質的組合物，諸如包括以合宜的絕緣性或導電性物質分隔的二個金屬層之雙層元件等。適用作為陽極之代表性實例包括該等一般所知之稀有金屬陽極，尺寸不變之陽極，碳、網狀碳與含石墨之陽極，摻雜的鑽石陽極，含有低於化學計量的氧化鈦之陽極，及含有氧化鉛之陽極。更詳細的代表性實例包括鍍鉑的鈦稀有金屬陽極，能以商標DSA-〇2取得的陽極，及其他陽極，諸如可自美國紐約州藍卡斯特之 Electrosynthesis公司取得之高表面積類型的陽極如毛布、泡沐體、師等。其他的陽極物質包括鈦上之氧化釕、鈦上之鉑/銀、鈦上之氧化銀、銀金屬上之氧化銀、銥上之氧化錫、鎳上之氧化鎳（III)、金、低於化學計量的氧化鈦，及特別是所謂的瑪格捏利（Magneli)相之氧化鈦，其化本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱）Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Those skilled in the art who understand the advantages of this disclosure will also understand 7 other ways to optimize the performance of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, such as increasing the path of the solution in the electrolytic device zone. For example, the installation of a guide plate can increase the residence time of the solution in the electrolytic device zone. 2 His approach involves increasing the surface area of the electrode to reduce its presence in the electrolysis zone: time. In fact, the skilled electrochemist will also be able to increase the performance of the battery with a relatively current density. Because of the battery's geometry and the ability to conveniently use unipolar and bipolar configurations, virtually any electrode material can be used, including flat plates, reticulated metal, foam, or other materials such as graphite, glassy carbon, Reticulated glassy carbon and granular carbon. This also includes compositions of electrode materials, such as a two-layer element including two metal layers separated by a suitable insulating or conductive material. Representative examples of suitable anodes include these commonly known rare metal anodes, anodes of constant size, carbon, reticulated carbon and graphite-containing anodes, doped diamond anodes, and those containing less than stoichiometric titanium oxide. Anodes, and anodes containing lead oxide. More detailed representative examples include platinum-plated titanium rare metal anodes, anodes available under the trademark DSA-02, and other anodes, such as high surface area type anodes available from Electrosynthesis, Lancaster, NY, USA Such as woolen cloth, foam, body, etc. Other anode materials include ruthenium oxide on titanium, platinum / silver on titanium, silver oxide on titanium, silver oxide on silver metal, tin oxide on iridium, nickel (III) oxide on nickel, gold, Stoichiometric titanium oxide, and especially the so-called Magneli phase titanium oxide, the paper size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love)

nm----— Ί — r ^---------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 22 4^0444 A7nm ----— Ί — r ^ --------- ^ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 22 4 ^ 0444 A7

h 請先閱讀背面之注意事項h Please read the notes on the back first

23 49044423 490444

當需要將氯化物轉變為氯時；將水轉變為臭氧時；將羥基游離基轉變為其他反應性氧物種時；使用例如丄= it /谷解的含鐵金屬陽極，經由以電化學方式產生的芬頓 (Femon)試劑而將氧或空氣轉變為過氧化氫或經基游離基時；及賴鹽的催化性還原作用而轉變為氮，或有機齒素化合物的催化性還原作用而轉變為毒性較低的齒化物離子或有機部份時，應選擇何種電極物質。田處理包含污染物的複合混合物之水性溶液時，催化性陽極與陰極物質之選擇特別重要，其中可選擇電極物質以用於污染物之配對的破壞作用。例如，受到有機物質、微生物與硝酸鹽污染物污染之水流，可於同一電化學電池中使用-種產生反應性氧物種的陽極，諸如銳上之鉑或埃伯内克斯（Eb〇nex)，而同時處理，以破壞微生物與氧化有機物。此外，該相同的電池亦可配備用以破壞硝酸鹽之一種鉛或其他電催化性陰極物質。如前所提及，非導電性電極隔板23提供相鄰的陽極與陰極之間所需的電極間的間隙或空間。隔板23係以聚合物質諸如聚烯烴如聚丙烯與聚乙烯製造的非導電性的絕緣多孔網篩，其厚度決定電極間的間隙寬度。選擇性地，容許使用離子性聚合物隔板，其可有效地增加電池的離子導電性，使進一步降低電池電壓與運作成本。適且尺寸的離子交換樹脂，如陽離子與陰離子樹脂球，係於電極之間的間隙中固定不動。就大部份的應用而言，電極間的間隙自接近無間隙本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------11^.---------^ 五、發明說明（22 ) 以避免電極短路，至約2亳米。更詳細地，該非常小的毛細管尺寸之間隙較佳小於以米，自O Uq毫米。該非常小的電極間的間隙，使電流得以傳遞通過相對而言非導電丨生的；I負。此係為例如水受到有機化合物污染之情況 /因而，如今可藉由本發明破壞溶液中的污染物，而毋需添加任何載流無機鹽類以增加該水性介質中的離子導電性。更進-步，該非常窄的電極間關隙，提供較低的電池電壓之重要優點’其進而降低電力消耗與降低運作成本。因而，本發明之開端式配置的電化學電池與非常窄的電極間的間隙之組合，提供較低的初始資金成本以及較低的運作成本。該成效在大量體積的應用上特別重要’如依據申請專利方法純化飲用水與廢水之情況。第2圖呈現本發明的電化學電池之另一個具體例，盆中電解裝置區30亦為-開端;切置。電解们2係直料加至垂直定向的電極組34。結果，顯示經處理的水性溶液36主要自電極組34的頂部與底部周邊邊緣排出。其可進-步依導流板的使用，例如用以控制所處理溶液之駐留時間，而加以改變。經純化之溶液係收集於電解裝置區30下方的容器38中。第3圖呈現本發明的第三個具體例，其中電解裝置區 40包括如上所論及的—個電極，其位於一開端式護罩/槽44之内部。護罩44係於頂邱門# ^ ^ 一、頂°卩開端，容許電解反應的氣態產物如氫與氧，即可排 J排入大虱中或藉助於一適宜的裝置如通風糖（未顯示）而加以收幸一人呆。文〉了染的水性電解本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（23 ) 質溶液46係直接添加至位於開端式護罩料中之電極組42 ，其不同於槽電池，其中因電極係浸於送至該槽的溶液中之故，而使電極間接地接收該溶液。因重力而向下級聯流動之經純化的水48，係被收集於護罩44内部之底部，及被汲出。本發明之開端式配置電化學電池的一個重要優點，在於其等即可適於單極或雙極配置的能力。就此而言，第5圖顯示一單極開端式配置電化學電池。在第5圖之單極電池中，陽極52、54與56各需要一個電連接器以作為電流源，在該情況下經由一母線58作為共用的，，外接，，供應管線。類似地，陰極60與62各需要一個電連接器，其經顯示係經由一共用母線64。該單極電池設計的特徵，在於各電極的雙面皆具反應性，具有相同的極性。因為用於市鎮區域的水純化作用，一般而言係大量體積的應用，必須達到可能範圍内之最低電池電壓，以降低電力消耗。本發明之開端式配置、單極電池設計以及非常窄的電極間的間隙之組合，因為較低的内阻、較低的電池電壓與較高的電流密I，不#具有較低的初始資金成本之優點，亦具有較低的運作成本。當如本發明的一些具體例，在不添加無機鹽載流子之下處理導電性相當低之受污染的水性介質時，如受到非極性有機溶劑污染的水性溶液，該組合特別有利。就Beck等人於美國專利第4,〇48,〇47號所揭露之電池而言，本發明具有非常窄的電極間的間隙之開端式配置 tmm(cns)a4 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁)When chloride needs to be converted to chlorine; when water is converted to ozone; when hydroxyl radicals are changed to other reactive oxygen species; using iron-containing metal anodes such as 丄 = it / valley for electrochemical generation Fent reagent (Femon) reagent to convert oxygen or air to hydrogen peroxide or free radicals; and catalytic reduction of lysine to nitrogen, or catalytic reduction of organic halide compounds to What kind of electrode substance should be selected for the less toxic dentate ion or organic part. When processing an aqueous solution containing a complex mixture of pollutants, the choice of catalytic anode and cathode materials is particularly important, among which the electrode materials can be selected for the destructive effect of the pairing of pollutants. For example, a stream contaminated with organic matter, microorganisms, and nitrate pollutants can be used in the same electrochemical cell-an anode that produces reactive oxygen species, such as platinum on the edge or Ebonex And simultaneous treatment to destroy microorganisms and oxidized organics. In addition, the same battery can also be equipped with a lead or other electrocatalytic cathode material to destroy nitrate. As mentioned earlier, the non-conductive electrode separator 23 provides a gap or space between the electrodes required between adjacent anodes and cathodes. The separator 23 is a non-conductive insulating porous mesh made of a polymeric substance such as polyolefin such as polypropylene and polyethylene, and its thickness determines the width of the gap between the electrodes. Optionally, the use of an ionic polymer separator is allowed, which can effectively increase the ionic conductivity of the battery and further reduce the battery voltage and operating cost. Suitable size ion exchange resins, such as cation and anion resin spheres, are fixed in the gap between the electrodes. For most applications, the gap between the electrodes is close to no gap. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ------- 11 ^ .--------- ^ V. Description of the invention (22) To avoid short circuit of the electrode, it is about 2mm. In more detail, the gap of this very small capillary size is preferably smaller than 1 meter, from O Uq mm. This very small gap between the electrodes allows current to be passed through the relatively non-conductive; I negative. This is the case, for example, where water is contaminated with organic compounds. Thus, it is now possible to destroy contaminants in solution by the present invention without adding any current-carrying inorganic salts to increase the ion conductivity in the aqueous medium. Taking this one step further, this very narrow inter-electrode clearance provides an important advantage of lower battery voltage ' which further reduces power consumption and operating costs. Therefore, the combination of the electrochemical cell of the opening configuration of the present invention and a very narrow gap between the electrodes provides a lower initial capital cost and a lower operating cost. This effect is particularly important for applications with large volumes, as in the case of purifying drinking water and wastewater according to a patented method. FIG. 2 shows another specific example of the electrochemical cell of the present invention, and the electrolytic device area 30 in the basin is also -opened; cut. Electrolyzers 2 are charged directly to the vertically oriented electrode group 34. As a result, it was shown that the treated aqueous solution 36 was mainly discharged from the top and bottom peripheral edges of the electrode group 34. It can be changed step-by-step depending on the use of the deflector, for example to control the residence time of the solution being processed. The purified solution is collected in a container 38 below the electrolyzer zone 30. Fig. 3 presents a third specific example of the present invention, in which the electrolysis device zone 40 includes an electrode as mentioned above, which is located inside an open end shield / groove 44. The protective cover 44 is attached to the top of the top door # ^ ^ First, the top of the opening allows the gaseous products of the electrolytic reaction, such as hydrogen and oxygen, to be discharged into the louse or by means of a suitable device such as ventilated sugar (not Show) and fortunately stay alone. Text> The paper size of the dyed water-based electrolyzed paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 490444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 V. Description of the invention (23) The quality solution 46 is directly It is added to the electrode group 42 located in the open-end shield material, which is different from the battery in which the electrode receives the solution indirectly because the electrode system is immersed in the solution sent to the tank. Purified water 48 flowing down the cascade due to gravity is collected at the bottom of the inside of the shield 44 and is drawn out. An important advantage of the open-ended configuration electrochemical cell of the present invention is its ability to adapt to a unipolar or bipolar configuration. In this regard, Figure 5 shows a unipolar open-ended configuration electrochemical cell. In the unipolar battery of Fig. 5, each of the anodes 52, 54 and 56 requires an electrical connector as a current source. In this case, a bus 58 is used as a common, external, and supply line. Similarly, the cathodes 60 and 62 each require an electrical connector, which is shown via a common bus 64. This unipolar battery is designed to be reactive on both sides of each electrode and has the same polarity. Because it is used for water purification in town areas, it is generally a large volume application, which must reach the lowest battery voltage within the possible range to reduce power consumption. The combination of the open-end configuration, the unipolar battery design, and the very narrow gap between the electrodes of the present invention, because of the lower internal resistance, lower battery voltage, and higher current density, does not have a lower initial capital The advantage of cost also has lower operating costs. This combination is particularly advantageous when, as in some specific examples of the present invention, a contaminated aqueous medium having a relatively low conductivity, such as an aqueous solution contaminated with a non-polar organic solvent, is treated without adding an inorganic salt carrier. For the battery disclosed by Beck et al. In U.S. Patent No. 4, 〇48, 〇47, the present invention has an open end configuration tmm (cns) a4 with a very narrow gap between the electrodes (please read the note on the back first) ? Matters then fill out this page)

26 A7 A7 經濟部智慧財產局消 f 合作社印製五、發明說明（24 ) 々單極、控制滲漏之電化學電池，係非常獨特的。B — 等人的封閉式電化學電池，使得藉由各電極之外接電接觸所達成之具有高電流密度的單極連線，變得非常困難與昂貴。相反地，以本發明的電化學電池之開端式配置，可促進至個別電極的電氣連#，不豸該電池係單極或雙極設計。因而，相較於本發明的改良型電化學電池或其他用於大篁體積的水純化方法中之非電化學技術而言 ’ Beek等人的封閉式雙極電化學電池將不具經濟性與成本競爭力。如前述，本發明之具有非常窄的毛細管電極間的間隙之開端式配置、控制渗漏之電化學電池，即可適於雙極配置。第6圖說明如本發明之開端式配置的雙極電池，其僅需要經由二個終端電極/終端板76與78之，，外接，，電接觸72與74。該雙極電極中的各個内電極8〇、82_在相反側具有不同的極性。雖然該雙極電極在該電極組之各電池中有效使用同一的電流而為相當經濟，本發明之一重要部份係有關藉由非常窄的電極間的間隙而使一電流通過比較不導電的介質，進而處理溶液。亦即，該受污染的水性溶液可具有相當低的導電性，約相當於自=水的導電性。為有效地處理該等溶液，需要在較高的電；密度運作。雖然未詳細地說明，將瞭解本發明之電解電池係使用標準電源，包括直流電源、交流電源、脈波電源及電池電源。本發明亦包括具有用於受污染的水性電解質溶液之本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)26 A7 A7 Printed by the Intellectual Property Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs f Cooperatives V. Description of Invention (24) 々 A unipolar, leak-proof electrochemical cell is very unique. B — et al. ’S closed-type electrochemical cell makes it extremely difficult and expensive to make unipolar connections with high current densities achieved by making electrical contacts outside the electrodes. On the contrary, the opening configuration of the electrochemical cell of the present invention can promote the electrical connection to individual electrodes, regardless of whether the battery is a unipolar or bipolar design. Therefore, compared with the improved electrochemical cell of the present invention or other non-electrochemical techniques used in large-volume water purification methods, the closed bipolar electrochemical cell of Beek et al. Will not be economical and cost-effective. Competitiveness. As mentioned above, the electrochemical cell of the present invention having a very narrow gap between the capillary electrodes and an open-end configuration, which can control leakage, can be suitable for a bipolar configuration. Fig. 6 illustrates a bipolar battery of the open configuration according to the present invention, which only needs to pass through two terminal electrodes / terminal plates 76 and 78, externally, and electrically contact 72 and 74. Each of the bipolar electrodes 80 and 82_ has a different polarity on the opposite side. Although the bipolar electrode is quite economical to effectively use the same current in the cells of the electrode group, an important part of the present invention is related to passing a current through a relatively non-conductive one through a very narrow gap between the electrodes. Medium, and then the solution. That is, the contaminated aqueous solution may have a relatively low conductivity, which is approximately equivalent to the conductivity of self-water. In order to process such solutions effectively, higher power; density operation is required. Although not described in detail, it will be understood that the electrolytic cell of the present invention uses standard power sources including DC power, AC power, pulse power, and battery power. The present invention also includes a paper electrolyte with a contaminated aqueous electrolyte solution. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

27 五、發明說明（25 ) :刀器構件之開端式配置電化學電池，該構件諸如數個開口與孔之_ ^ ^ 所長度的g 81，或自受污染的水性電解 2料人π延伸通過電解裝置區之電極組的深度之一進料管。其可促成該溶液更均質地流至該電極元件。該等 =有足夠的孔性、直徑與長度之金屬或塑膠材質的多孔吕特別適用於含有眾多電極元件之電極組，及可應用於開端式配置的單極、雙極及例如瑞士捲電池。就具有電極疋件之深電池組而言，各電極元件具有較大的表面積’可提供—個以上的多孔進料管，其等以歧管鱼進料入口導管結合一起。本發明之開端式配置、雙極、控制滲漏之電化學電池，可最有$文地用卩純化離子導電性高於前所論及者之水性溶液，促成以較低的電流密度達成較經濟的運作。在各It况下毋娜泫電池係為單極抑或雙極之設計，本發明之開端式配置的電化學電池可促進其等之電氣連接更有利地，如水純化作用之大量體積的應用，需要低的資金與運作成本，方能在經濟上具有吸引力。吾等發明者發現，藉由免除對於精密機器組件、襯墊、昂貴的膜與電池分離ϋ之需求，而A幅降低f金成本。低的運作成本，可藉由免除電池膜與分離器，即未分隔的電化學電池’而得窄的電極間的間隙與較低的瓜，進而獲得較低的電池電壓而達成。然而，較小的電極間的間：，亦使本發明之電池能於例如含有低濃度的支持電解 A7 B7 五、發明說明（26 ) 有機；I質中，以各種電極、絕緣體物質等運作。多 ^该等應用將即可適於本發明之開端式配置，但電池分隔器諸如膜或電池分離器之使用，將形成陽極電解液室與陰極電解液室。適用於本發明之電化學電池的方法實例包括電化學合成作用中之媒介型反應，其中該膜或電池分離器之目的係防止陽極所產生的物種在陰極還原及/ 或陰極所產生的物種在陽極氧化。第7圖係開端式配置的電化學電池90之一代表性實例，其具有陽極/終端板92與94與中央陰極96，以及位於電極間的陽離子交換膜98與1〇〇。膜98與1〇〇係防止電池中陽極電解液與陰極電解液之混合，雖然容許該溶液流動通過位於該膜中心的開口 1〇2。使用一隔膜或分離器之該等電化學電池的具體例，較佳配備有離子交換膜，雖然亦可使用孔性隔膜類型的分離器。以聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯叉·二氟化物、聚氯乙烯、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE)、聚合物·石棉摻合物等的微孔性薄膜為主之商品可取得的多種惰性材質，適用作為孔性隔膜或分離器。適用的陽離子與陰離子類型的選擇性滲透膜，可自眾多製造商與供應商以商品取得，包括該等公司如以商標Rsipore自美國紐約州Hauppauge之RAI Research公司取得、Ε· I. DuPont、Tokuyama Soda、Asahi Glass等。一般而言，該等經氟化的膜，因其等之總體安定性而為最佳。一種特別適用的選擇性滲透離子交換膜之類型，係為本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） -------丨丨丨丨丨禮 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -----Tlr-tT---------· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 29 五發明說明（27 ) ^膜’諸如該等能以Nafi°_商標自Ε· I· DuPont公 5取侍者。本發明亦包括形成為固態聚合物電解質複合物之膜與電極。亦p 、口極·極-者少一個電極，陽極或陰極或陽 /極—者’係與離子交換膜結合而形成-個整體的組件。雖然本發明前述的具體例提及電極組，如分別於^ ^圖中的元件17與34’該電極組細包括以窄的電極間的 «而彼此分隔的個別、單—的陽極與單—的陰極組件第4圖以剖視圖說明代表性的電極組其包括由具有其本身的外接電接觸19之一個單一平面筛元件所組成的二個陰極18。在陰極18各侧之非導電性的多孔隔板&提供所需的電極間的間隙，以將該陰極㈣與相鄰的線端 %極20分隔。雖然第4圖顯示具有位於終端陽極2〇之間的早-陰極篩之一電極組’應瞭解本發明之較大處理量的商業化或半商業化試驗規模之電池，通常將具有包含數個交替的陽極與陰及之電池組，當於單極配置時各電極具有一外接電接觸。然而，本發明之電解電池的較大形式，其需要較大的電極表面積’可藉由如第8與9圖所示將數個個別二多孔電極元件堆疊起來，而以較經濟的方式達成該結果。包含導電性多孔it件例如網或篩之多電極元件，係於單極（第8圖）或雙極（第9圖）開端式電池配置中彼此相鄰及: 此電接觸。開端式電池具體例之陽極或陰極抑或陽極與陰極二 4^U444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（28 ) 者，可具有多電極元件之設計。亦即，包含多電極元件之-個陽極組係以電接觸方式固定一起，及可與包含一個單-電極元件之一個陰極相鄰，反之亦然。此最佳以第8圖加以說明，其包括固定於終端板1〇5之間的單極開知式電池104，其具有位於單一陰極元件丨〇8之間的多個孔性陽極元件1〇6，該陰極經顯示為孔性陰極，但亦可為非孔性的板狀電極。藉由多孔的非導電性隔板丨〇7之構件，而將陽極106與陰極108分隔。有利地，陽極組1〇6僅需要一個單一的，，供電，，電極110，以將任一側的電壓輸送至同一組中與其接觸的其他電極元件。藉由該方式而將電極元件堆疊一起，可顯著地增加有效的電極表面，而毋需如其他情況下所需地增加至電源113之外接電接觸112的數目。此不僅降低外接電路接頭的成本與電極的成本，亦可增進運作的效率，造成較低的電池電壓與較低的電力消耗，以降低運作成本。電極的導電性多孔元件能以例如金屬或碳製造，及可為穿孔金屬板、焊接金屬絲布、編織金屬絲布、多孔金屬板、碳毛布、編織碳布、網狀玻璃態碳包括諸如具有海綿性質的鎳泡沫材質之金屬泡沫材質之形式。商品可取得之穿孔金屬板的代表性實例為低碳鋼板，與具有均一與正確尺寸的孔圖案之微蝕刻類型316的不銹鋼板。焊接金屬絲布包括類型304的不銹鋼布與不銹鋼針織的鋼絲網。金屬絲布係以金屬絲編織或焊接形成的材質，及能以多種網尺寸取得。亦能以類型3〇4的不銹鋼等級取得本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------------------訂—-------- (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁) 31 490444 A7 五、發明說明（29 ) 。多孔金屬板包括經開縫與延展的板。該板/薄板係為輕質的’但因其等開α的菱形構架模式而為堅固的。其等 —般以碳鋼與類型304的不銹鋼製造。本發明包括在單一電池中作為電極元件的不同多孔材質之組合’以達成例如一氧化作用/還原作用效應之組。電極的導電性多孔元件之孔密度可自i至約獅孔眼/ 線f生英对。w玄導電性多孔元件亦可具有約自至9㈣之開口面積。一些兀件，諸如泡沫材質可具有自i至約⑻孔/ 線性英对之孔性，與自5至約85%之密度。該電極元件可簡單地堆疊為緊密的電接觸狀態’或焊接—起及視需要焊接至供電電極，以確保電力連接通過該組之所有組件第9圖亦顯示類似於第8圖之一開端式電解電池設計 •仁係為雙極配置，經顯示所有的中間電極組丨丨6包含數個多孔電極元件。各電極組之個別元件，係與同一組之其他元件電接觸。電力係經由終端板陽極118而發送至该電池。電極組116彼此以多孔隔板12〇分隔。 :在具有或不具有”供電”電極之下，可使用的電極元件的最佳數目將為數個變數之函數，該等變數包括各多孔電極元件的厚度、所處理溶液的導電性與整體的最佳電池設計。除了供電電極（第8圖）之外，電極元件的數目可自1至100，及更詳細地自丨至⑺個電極元件。在電解條件下該供電電極係為安定與導電之前提下，，該供電電極能以與個別的電極元件相同或不同之材質加以建構。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格⑵G X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------—^訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 32 490444 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（3〇 ) 在溶液的純化作用中，本發明提供低導電性介質之處理。然而，可能需要添加非常低濃度之惰性的可溶性鹽類，諸如鹼金屬鹽類如鈉與鉀之硫酸鹽、氯化物、磷酸鹽等。亦可使用安定的四級銨鹽。如前所提及地，可在電極之間的空間置入適宜尺寸的離子交換樹脂球，以立曰加V電性。其可進一步地降低電池電壓與整體的運作本。進入該電池之受污染的溶液，其溫度可自近乎冷凍至接近沸騰，及更詳細地約自4〇 γ至9〇〇c。較高的溫度係有利於降低電池電壓與增加污染物破壞作用之速率: 若需要的話，可藉由預先加熱進入的溶液、加熱電極、或在電池中的經由IR加熱，而達到該等較高的溫度，特 ::當溶液具有低導電性時，<列如在純化飲用水之情況。藉由適宜地調整電池電壓與在電池中的駐留時間，可達到上述範圍的有利溫度。 …未分隔型電池’其為本發明用於純化受污染的水性 f液之較佳具體例，在電解作用期間可產生多種實用的陽極與陰極物種，該等物種有助於污染物的化學破壞作用與水性溶液的純化作用。該等物種包括氧、臭氧、過氧化氫、羥基游離基及反應性氧物種。雖然亦適用於：方法中但有利程度較低的物種，包括經由鹽水或海水的電解作用而產生之氯與次氯酸鹽（漂白船。料受到毒性有機物質與微生物污染的水性溶液之去污染、脫色與菌方法的成功’雖然不希望受限於任一特定的作用機殺制 μ 氏張尺¥^TiiS^(CNS)A4 規格（21〇: 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)27 V. Description of the invention (25): The open-end configuration of the electrochemical cell of the knife member, such as the number of openings and holes of _ ^ ^ g 81, or extended from the contaminated water-based electrolytic 2 material π Feed the tube through one of the depths of the electrode group in the electrolysis device zone. It can facilitate a more homogeneous flow of the solution to the electrode element. These = porous metal or plastic materials with sufficient porosity, diameter and length. Lu is particularly suitable for electrode groups containing many electrode elements, and can be applied to unipolar, bipolar, and Swiss roll batteries, for example, in open-end configurations. For deep battery packs with electrode elements, each electrode element has a large surface area and can provide more than one porous feed tube, which are combined together with a manifold fish feed inlet conduit. The open-profile, bipolar, leak-control electrochemical cell of the present invention can be used to purify aqueous solutions with higher ion conductivity than those previously discussed, and promote a more economical low current density. Operation. In each case, whether the battery is a unipolar or bipolar design, the open-ended electrochemical cell of the present invention can promote its electrical connection more favorably, such as the application of a large volume of water purification, which requires Low capital and operating costs can make it economically attractive. Our inventors have found that by eliminating the need for precision machine components, gaskets, expensive membranes and battery separation, the A-frame reduces the cost of gold. Low operating costs can be achieved by eliminating battery membranes and separators, that is, unseparated electrochemical cells', resulting in a narrow gap between the electrodes and lower melons, thereby achieving a lower battery voltage. However, the smaller electrode space: also allows the battery of the present invention to contain, for example, low-concentration supporting electrolysis A7 B7 5. Invention Description (26) Organic; In the first substance, it operates with various electrodes, insulators, and the like. Many of these applications will be suitable for the beginning configuration of the present invention, but the use of battery separators such as membranes or battery separators will form anolyte and catholyte compartments. Examples of methods suitable for use in the electrochemical cell of the present invention include mediator-type reactions in electrochemical synthesis, where the purpose of the membrane or battery separator is to prevent species produced by the anode from being reduced at the cathode and / or species produced by the cathode at Anodic oxidation. Fig. 7 is a representative example of an electrochemical cell 90 in an open configuration, which has anode / terminal plates 92 and 94 and a central cathode 96, and cation exchange membranes 98 and 100 located between the electrodes. The membranes 98 and 100 prevent the mixing of the anolyte and catholyte in the battery, although the solution is allowed to flow through the opening 102 located in the center of the membrane. Specific examples of such electrochemical cells using a separator or a separator are preferably equipped with an ion exchange membrane, although a separator of the porous membrane type may also be used. A variety of inert materials available for products based on microporous films such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene forks, difluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polymers, asbestos blends, etc. , Suitable as a porous diaphragm or separator. Suitable selective permeable membranes of the cationic and anionic types are commercially available from a number of manufacturers and suppliers, including such companies as Rsipore under the trademark Rsipore from RAI Research, Hauppauge, NY, USA, EI DuPont, Tokuyama Soda, Asahi Glass, etc. In general, these fluorinated films are best due to their overall stability. A particularly suitable type of selective permeation ion exchange membrane, which is based on Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) for the paper size ------- 丨丨丨丨丨 Li (please first Read the notes on the back and fill out this page) ----- Tlr-tT --------- · Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 29 Five Inventions (27) ^ Films such as this Can wait for the waiter from EI DuPont 5 under the Nafi ° trademark. The present invention also includes a film and an electrode formed as a solid polymer electrolyte composite. Also, the electrode, the pole, the pole, or the electrode, the anode or the cathode, or the anode or the pole, are combined with an ion exchange membrane to form an integrated component. Although the foregoing specific example of the present invention refers to an electrode group, such as elements 17 and 34 ′ in the figure respectively, the electrode group includes individual, single-anode and single-, separated from each other by «between narrow electrodes. FIG. 4 of the cathode assembly illustrates a representative electrode group in a cross-sectional view, which includes two cathodes 18 composed of a single planar screen element with its own external electrical contact 19. Non-conductive porous separators & on each side of the cathode 18 provide the required gap between the electrodes to separate the cathode ㈣ from the adjacent wire end% electrode 20. Although Figure 4 shows an electrode group with one of the early-cathode sieve's located between the terminal anodes 20, it should be understood that the commercial or semi-commercial test scale battery of the larger throughput of the invention will typically have Alternating anode and cathode and battery packs, each electrode has an external electrical contact when in a unipolar configuration. However, the larger form of the electrolytic cell of the present invention, which requires a larger electrode surface area, can be achieved in a more economical manner by stacking several individual two-porous electrode elements as shown in Figures 8 and 9 The result. A multi-electrode element containing a conductive porous it, such as a mesh or sieve, is adjacent to each other in a unipolar (Fig. 8) or bipolar (Fig. 9) open-end battery configuration and: This electrical contact. The anode or cathode or anode and cathode of the specific example of the open-end battery 4 ^ U444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 5. The invention description (28) can have a multi-electrode element design. That is, an anode group including a multi-electrode element is fixed together in an electrical contact manner, and may be adjacent to a cathode including a single-electrode element, and vice versa. This best is illustrated in FIG. 8, which includes a unipolar open-cell battery 104 fixed between terminal plates 105 and having a plurality of porous anode elements 1 between a single cathode element 108. 6. The cathode is shown as a porous cathode, but it can also be a non-porous plate electrode. The anode 106 and the cathode 108 are separated by a member of a porous non-conductive separator. Advantageously, the anode group 106 only needs a single, power-supply, electrode 110 to deliver the voltage on either side to other electrode elements in contact with it in the same group. By stacking the electrode elements together in this way, the effective electrode surface can be significantly increased without the need to increase the number of electrical contacts 112 outside the power source 113 as otherwise required. This not only reduces the cost of external circuit connectors and the cost of the electrodes, but also improves the efficiency of operation, resulting in lower battery voltage and lower power consumption to reduce operating costs. The conductive porous element of the electrode can be made of, for example, metal or carbon, and can be perforated metal plate, welded wire cloth, woven wire cloth, porous metal plate, carbon felt, woven carbon cloth, meshed glassy carbon including Sponge-like nickel foam material in the form of metal foam material. Representative examples of commercially available perforated metal plates are low carbon steel plates, and micro-etched type 316 stainless steel plates with uniform and correct size hole patterns. Welded wire cloth includes type 304 stainless steel cloth and stainless steel knitted wire mesh. Wire cloth is made of wire braided or welded, and can be obtained in various mesh sizes. It can also be obtained with stainless steel grade of type 304. The paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- -Order —-------- (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 31 490444 A7 V. Description of the invention (29). The porous metal plate includes a slotted and expanded plate. The plate / sheet is lightweight ' but robust due to its diamond-shaped frame pattern which is equal to α. They are generally made of carbon steel and type 304 stainless steel. The present invention includes a combination of different porous materials used as electrode elements in a single cell to achieve, for example, a group of oxidation / reduction effects. The pore density of the conductive porous element of the electrode can range from i to about lion eyelet / line f pairs. The xuan conductive porous element may have an opening area from about 9 to about 9 mm. Some elements, such as foam materials, can have porosity from i to about cavities / linear pairs, and density from 5 to about 85%. The electrode element can simply be stacked in a tight electrical contact state or welded-on and soldered to the power supply electrode as needed to ensure electrical connection through all components of the group. Figure 9 also shows an opening type similar to one of Figure 8. The design of the electrolytic cell is a bipolar configuration. All intermediate electrode groups are shown to contain several porous electrode elements. Individual components of each electrode group are in electrical contact with other components of the same group. Power is sent to the battery via the terminal plate anode 118. The electrode groups 116 are separated from each other by a porous separator 120. : With or without a "powered" electrode, the optimal number of electrode elements that can be used will be a function of several variables including the thickness of each porous electrode element, the conductivity of the solution being processed, and the overall maximum Best battery design. In addition to the power supply electrodes (Fig. 8), the number of electrode elements can be from 1 to 100, and in more detail, to one electrode element. Before the power supply electrode is stable and conductive under electrolytic conditions, the power supply electrode can be constructed with the same or different materials as the individual electrode elements. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ⑵G X 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --------- ^ Order --------- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 32 490444 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (30) In the purification of a solution, the present invention provides the treatment of a low-conductivity medium. However, it may be necessary to add very low concentrations of inert soluble salts, such as alkali metal salts such as sodium and potassium sulfates, chlorides, phosphates, and the like. Stable quaternary ammonium salts can also be used. As mentioned before, ion-exchange resin balls of appropriate size can be placed in the space between the electrodes to add V electrical properties. It can further reduce battery voltage and overall operating costs. The temperature of the contaminated solution entering the battery can range from near freezing to near boiling, and in more detail from about 40 [gamma] to 900c. Higher temperatures are beneficial to lower the battery voltage and increase the rate of pollutant destruction: If necessary, these higher temperatures can be achieved by pre-heating the incoming solution, heating the electrode, or IR heating in the battery. Temperature, especially when the solution has low conductivity, as listed in the case of purified drinking water. By appropriately adjusting the battery voltage and the residence time in the battery, favorable temperatures in the above range can be achieved. … Unseparated batteries' This is a preferred specific example of the present invention for purifying contaminated aqueous f-liquids. A variety of practical anode and cathode species can be generated during electrolysis, which species contribute to the chemical destruction of pollutants Effect and purification of aqueous solution. These species include oxygen, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and reactive oxygen species. Although applicable to: Methods that are less beneficial, including chlorine and hypochlorite produced by the electrolysis of brine or seawater (bleaching vessels. Decontamination of aqueous solutions contaminated with toxic organic substances and microorganisms) The success of the decolorization and bacterial method ', although we do not want to be limited to any particular mechanism to kill μ's ruler ¥ ^ TiiS ^ (CNS) A4 Specification (21〇: 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back first (Fill in this page again)

33 . 490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製以 A7 五、發明說明（31 ) ，但包括前所提及之數種作用可同時發生。其包括，伸不限於，污染物在陽極的直接氧化作用、藉由陰極的直接還原作用而破壞污染物、藉由陽極所產生之氧氣的微氣泡而將進料物流氧化、藉由氧氣與清氣的微氣泡而將進料物流中的揮發性物質脫氣、電池中之IR加熱作用、排出該開端式電池的水流之曝氣作用等。使用此述方法之本發明的開端式電池配置，可成功地破壞或除去廣泛圍的化合物、微生物及其他有害物質，諸如前所論及的金屬離子。代表性實例包括脂族醇、紛、硝酸鹽或i化芳香族化合物等。亦可達成降低顏色或完全脫色，以及消毒作用，包括病毒的破壞。水性溶液中具有眾多種類的金屬鹽類，包括來自電鍍槽排放水、金屬溶出液、殺生物配方物與塗料之離子形式的有毒金屬，其等很難藉由離子交換或傳統的化學或電化學方式而加以移除或回收。該等金屬包括稀有金屬如鉑、銀與金’以及非稀有金屬如鋼、鎳、鈷與錫等。在可排人水道之該等金屬最高容許濃度方面，政府的法規將越加嚴格。因為可能存在其他組成成份，一般為複合劑、表面活性劑、還原劑及其他類似的物質，該等溶性金屬溶液通常難以處理。因此，本發明亦包括電純化受到有害金屬離子污染的水性溶液，其係在此所揭露之開端式電解電池中藉由使用前所論及的方“處理q包括藉由在開端式電池的陰極之金屬還原作用而進行該溶液的去污染作用 ‘紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)33. 490444 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 V. Invention Description (31), but including several functions mentioned above can occur simultaneously. It includes, but is not limited to, direct oxidation of pollutants at the anode, destruction of pollutants by direct reduction of the cathode, oxidation of the feed stream by micro-bubbles of oxygen generated by the anode, and The micro-bubbles of gas degas the volatile substances in the feed stream, the IR heating effect in the battery, the aeration effect of the water flow discharged from the open-end battery, and the like. The open-cell battery configuration of the present invention using this method can successfully destroy or remove a wide range of compounds, microorganisms, and other harmful substances, such as the aforementioned metal ions. Representative examples include aliphatic alcohols, alcohols, nitrates, or iodo-aromatic compounds, and the like. Reduced or complete discoloration can also be achieved, as well as disinfection, including destruction of viruses. There are many types of metal salts in aqueous solutions, including toxic metals in the form of ions discharged from electroplating baths, metal eluates, biocidal formulations and coatings, which are difficult to achieve by ion exchange or traditional chemical or electrochemical processes. Way to remove or recycle. These metals include rare metals such as platinum, silver and gold 'and non-rare metals such as steel, nickel, cobalt and tin. With regard to the maximum allowable concentrations of these metals that can be discharged into waterways, government regulations will become stricter. Because there may be other components, usually complexing agents, surfactants, reducing agents and other similar substances, such soluble metal solutions are often difficult to handle. Therefore, the present invention also includes electrically purifying an aqueous solution contaminated with harmful metal ions, which is disclosed in the open-end electrolytic cell disclosed herein by the method mentioned before use. Decontamination of the solution by metal reduction action 'Paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

3434

五、發明說明（32 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製及處理來自電鍍槽排放水、金屬溶出液、殺生物配方物、塗料與其他受污染的工業水性溶液之金屬離子，其中該金屬係被例如各種複合劑、表面活性劑或還原劑螯合。溶液組成成份，包括複合劑，係最初以電化學方式加以破壞，而大幅地促進自該溶液回收/移除金屬之作用。代表性的複合劑可包括氰化物、鐵氰化物、硫代硫酸鹽、亞妝、羥基羧酸如酒石酸、檸檬酸與乳酸等。該方法可有效地釋出該離子化金屬，以於電池中進行還原作用或加以回收/移除。選擇性地，經部份處理的水性溶液，可在開端式電池外以下列方法進一步加以處理：如離子交換、鹼的沈澱作用、藉由諸如Renovare International& 司所製造的RebocellTM之一金屬回收電化學電池中的電解作用。後者之方法促成將金屬電鍍於一個具有大表面積的陰極上。下列特定實例係說明本發明的各種具體例，然而，其等係作為說明之用，而非用於完全界定條件與範疇。第I例以一電極組裝設具有一開端式配置的一個單極電化學電池，該電極組包含直徑為12〇65公分與厚度為〇95公分的316不銹鋼終端板。亦在該電極組中裝入一中央陰極 ’其由具有7·8 X 7.8開口 /線性公分、〇·〇46公分的鋼絲直徑、0.081公分的開口寬度及41%之開口面積之316不銹鋼網組成。陽極係由美國羅德島州之Blake Vincem Metai& 司所製造的二個鍍鉑的鈮電極所組成。在鈮基質雙侧皆V. Description of the Invention (32 Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints and processes metal ions from electroplating tanks to discharge water, metal leachate, biocidal formulas, coatings, and other contaminated industrial aqueous solutions. Chelated by, for example, various complexing agents, surfactants, or reducing agents. The constituents of the solution, including the complexing agents, were initially destroyed electrochemically, greatly promoting the recovery / removal of metals from the solution. The compounding agent may include cyanide, ferricyanide, thiosulfate, sub-cosmetics, hydroxycarboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid and lactic acid, etc. This method can effectively release the ionized metal for reduction in the battery. Alternatively, it can be recovered / removed. Alternatively, the partially treated aqueous solution can be further processed in addition to the open-end battery in the following methods: for example, ion exchange, alkali precipitation, manufactured by companies such as Renovare International & RebocellTM is one of the electrolysis of metal recovery electrochemical cells. The latter method facilitates the plating of metals on A cathode having a large surface area. The following specific examples illustrate various specific examples of the present invention, however, they are for illustration purposes, and are not intended to completely define the conditions and categories. The first example uses an electrode assembly device having a A unipolar electrochemical cell in an open-end configuration. The electrode group contains a 316 stainless steel terminal plate with a diameter of 12065 cm and a thickness of 0.95 cm. A central cathode is also installed in the electrode group. 8 X 7.8 opening / linear cm, steel wire diameter of 0.046 cm, 0.081 cm opening width, and 41% opening area of 316 stainless steel mesh. The anode is manufactured by Blake Vincem Metai & Company of Rhode Island, USA Consisting of two platinum-plated niobium electrodes. Both sides of the niobium matrix

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^^U444 A7 -----2L______ 五、發明說明（33 ) 電鐘的陽極，具有635微米的厚度，其被拉延為厚度約〇·州公分的網及具有0.159公分的菱形間隙。位於相鄰的電極之間的隔板係以具有8·27 X 8·27開口 /線性公分、〇〇398公分的線直徑、0.084公分的開口寬度及46%之開口面積的聚乙烯網製造，其係由美國俄亥俄州克里夫蘭的 McMaster-Carr公司供應。電極間的間隙約為〇〇4公分，其係由聚乙烯網的厚度所決定。除了省略通風櫥之外，該電化學電池的簡圖係對應於第1圖的圖式。藉由流速約為1公升/分鐘的’ AC-3C-MD瑪曲（March)離心幫浦之方式，而使得水性溶液再循環於玻璃收集槽與電池之間。使用 Sorensen DCR 60-45B電源，以產生電池所需的電壓降。製備一試驗溶液，其在丨公升的自來水中含有丨克酚。該溶液在電池中循環，及通入25安培的恆電流。處理約2-3分鐘後，最初澄清的溶液變紅，可能顯示勺類型中間產物之存在。最初為35伏特的電池電壓，迅速地降至8-9伏特，而溶液的溫度穩定於約56_58。定期取樣及分析總有機碳量（TOC)。示於第1〇圖的結果顯示，總有機碳量之降低，似乎是因為酚可能進行完全的氧化作用而變成二氧化碳，其進而自該溶液中以氣體形式排除。第II例為顯示在紡織業排放水中的脫色作用，以自來水製備1公升的溶液，其含有〇」克紡織品染料Remaz〇lTM]3lack B(H〇echst Celanese公司）、〇」克表面活性劑 Tergh〇lTM 15-S-5(Uni〇n Carbide公司）及1克氣化鈉。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ---I I I.--^訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 36^^ U444 A7 ----- 2L______ V. Description of the invention (33) The anode of the electric clock has a thickness of 635 micrometers, which is drawn into a net with a thickness of about 0.1 cm and a diamond gap with a thickness of 0.159 cm. The separator located between adjacent electrodes is made of a polyethylene mesh with 8.27 X 8.27 openings / linear cm, a line diameter of 0.0398 cm, an opening width of 0.084 cm, and an opening area of 46%. It is supplied by McMaster-Carr, Cleveland, Ohio. The gap between the electrodes is about 0.04 cm, which is determined by the thickness of the polyethylene mesh. Except that the fume hood is omitted, the schematic diagram of this electrochemical cell corresponds to the diagram of FIG. 1. By using a 'AC-3C-MD March centrifugal pump with a flow rate of about 1 liter / minute, the aqueous solution was recycled between the glass collection tank and the battery. Use Sorensen DCR 60-45B power supply to generate the voltage drop required by the battery. A test solution was prepared containing gram of phenol in liters of tap water. The solution was circulated in the battery and a constant current of 25 amps was passed. After about 2-3 minutes of treatment, the initially clear solution turned red, which may indicate the presence of spoon-type intermediate products. The battery voltage, which was initially 35 volts, quickly dropped to 8-9 volts, while the temperature of the solution stabilized at about 56_58. Periodic sampling and analysis of total organic carbon (TOC). The results shown in Figure 10 show that the reduction in the total organic carbon content appears to be due to the possible oxidation of phenol into carbon dioxide, which is further eliminated as a gas from the solution. The second example is to show the decolorization effect in the water discharged from the textile industry. A 1 liter solution was prepared from tap water, which contained 0 "g of textile dye Remaz〇lTM] 3lack B (Hoechst Celanese) and 0" g of surfactant Tergh. 〇lTM 15-S-5 (UniOn Carbide) and 1 g of sodium gasification. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) --- II I .-- ^ order -------- -Line · Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 36

經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（34 ) 試驗溶液的組成物係類似於紡織染整方法所產生的典型排放水，其中即使非常低濃度的Remazol Black亦賦予忒’谷液非常深的顏色。Remazol Black係特別難以處理的紡織染料。迄今，用以處理Remazol Black的其他方法 ’諸如藉由臭氧化作用或使用次氯酸鹽漂白劑之方法，皆未能產生符合需求的脫色效果。在第I例所裝設的單極電池中，以25安培之恆定電流，電解上述含有Remazol Black的溶液。電池電壓約為25 伏特，及’谷液的溫度達到52°c。該溶液最初的顏色為深藍色。電解10分鐘之後，該溶液的顏色變為粉紅色，在3〇分鐘後，該溶液實質上為無色。第III例進行進一步的試驗，以顯示地下水的去污染作用。腐殖酸係地下水中的典型污染物，其係由植物物質的分解作用產生。含有腐殖酸的水，即使所含的濃度很低，皆為深色的，而顏色的去除係相當困難。製備自來水中的深褐色溶液，其含有30 ppm腐殖酸的鈉鹽（Aldrich公司），而且不含有用以增加溶液導電性的添加劑。將溶液循環通過類似於第I例所用的單極電化學電池’但该電池僅配備一個陽極與二個陰極。通入丨〇安培之恆定電流2.5小時。電池電壓為24_25伏特，及溫度達到58 C。在試驗結束時，該溶液係完全澄清的，顯示有效地破壞腐殖酸。第IV例本紙張尺度朋+關家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱了 -----------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 37 490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明（35 ) 進行進一步的試驗，以顯示本發明之電解電池與方法在將來自食品加工廠的排放水消毒與降低化學需氧量 (COD)方面之效用。來自一個墨西哥麥芽生產廠之250亳升廢水，以類似於第I例所用的單極、開端式配置的電化學電池加以處理除了 1¼極總面積為6平方公分之外。其目標係降低化學需氧量、部份或完全脫色、消除微生物與臭味。通入1安培之恆定電流150分鐘；電池電壓自最初的24 伏特降至17.5伏特，及溶液的溫度達到44°c。結果示於下表中：表最初最終化學需氧量 1700 ppm 27 ppm 顏色橘黃色澄清微生物具活性經殺滅臭味有無第V例進行進一步的試驗，以顯示本發明之電解電池與方法在一次通過配置中之脫色功效。將自來水中含有15 ppm濃度的甲基紫染料之深紫色溶液，以250毫升/分鐘之流速，以一次通過的模式循環通過類似於第I例所用的單極、開端式電化學電池。其目標係達成完全脫色。通入25安培之電流；電池電壓為25伏特，及溶液的本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） I ·ϋ ·ϋ ϋ 1 I I · ϋ I I I 1 Ki J · ϋ 1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 38 A7 B7Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (34) The composition of the test solution is similar to the typical discharge water produced by the textile dyeing and finishing method. Among them, even very low concentrations of Remazol Black also give the 忒 'Valley solution. Very dark colors. Remazol Black is a particularly difficult to handle textile dye. To date, other methods of treating Remazol Black, such as by ozonation or using hypochlorite bleach, have failed to produce the desired decolorization effect. In the unipolar battery provided in the first example, the above solution containing Remazol Black was electrolyzed at a constant current of 25 amps. The battery voltage is approximately 25 volts, and the temperature of the valley fluid reaches 52 ° c. The initial color of the solution was dark blue. After 10 minutes of electrolysis, the color of the solution turned pink, and after 30 minutes, the solution was substantially colorless. Example III Further tests were performed to show the decontamination effect of groundwater. Humic acid is a typical pollutant in groundwater, which is produced by the decomposition of plant matter. Water containing humic acid, even at low concentrations, is dark, and the removal of color is quite difficult. A dark brown solution in tap water was prepared containing 30 ppm of humic acid sodium salt (Aldrich) and without additives to increase the conductivity of the solution. The solution was circulated through a unipolar electrochemical cell similar to that used in Example I, but the cell was provided with only one anode and two cathodes. A constant current of 丨 0 amps was passed for 2.5 hours. The battery voltage is 24-25 volts and the temperature reaches 58 ° C. At the end of the test, the solution was completely clear, showing effective destruction of humic acid. The fourth example of this paper standard friend + family standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public love ----------------------- order --- ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 37 490444 Printed by A7, Consumer Cooperatives, Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of Invention (35) Conduct further tests to show the electrolysis of the invention The effectiveness of batteries and methods in disinfecting discharged water from food processing plants and reducing chemical oxygen demand (COD). 250 liters of wastewater from a Mexican malt production plant, similar to the monopolar, An open-ended electrochemical cell is processed except that the total area of the 1¼ pole is 6 square centimeters. The goal is to reduce chemical oxygen demand, partially or completely discolor, and eliminate microorganisms and odors. Constant current of 1 amp is 150 Minutes; the battery voltage dropped from the initial 24 volts to 17.5 volts, and the temperature of the solution reached 44 ° c. The results are shown in the table below: The initial final chemical oxygen demand of the table is 1700 ppm 27 ppm Existence of deodorization Example V. Further test In order to show the decolorization effect of the electrolytic cell and method of the present invention in a one-pass configuration, a deep purple solution containing 15 ppm of methyl violet dye in tap water was flowed at a flow rate of 250 ml / min in a one-pass mode Cycle through a unipolar, open-end electrochemical cell similar to the one used in Example 1. The goal is to achieve complete decolorization. A current of 25 amps is passed; the battery voltage is 25 volts, and the paper size of the solution is subject to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) I · ϋ · ϋ II 1 II · 1 III 1 Ki J · ϋ 1 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 38 A7 B7

490444 五、發明說明（36 ) 溫度達到65 C。在一次通過該電池後，獲得一澄清溶液。第VI例進行一試驗，以顯示開端式配置的電化學電池在電合成化學品方的用途，在本例中該化學品為次氣酸鈉。以釋出催化性氣的1%極，諸如Eltech Systems公司所生產的DSA®陽極，取代第I例的電化學電池。將每公升含有1〇克氣化鈉之鹽水溶液加至電解裝置區，其中在陽極產生氣而在陰極產生氫氧化鈉。讓氣與苛性鈉於電池中反應’以產生次氯酸鈉漂白劑之稀釋水性溶液。第VII例使用第8圖所示的單極電池配置進行一試驗，以顯示開端式電池配置，其使用包含數個彼此相鄰與彼此電力接觸的導電性多孔元件之電極。該電池係配備一個每線性奂对具有1 〇股的鉑/銳編織網陽極。二個鉑/艉篩係電力接觸及位於作為供電電極的第三個鉑/鈮篩之上，該第三個鉑/鈮篩則與一個直流電源的正極接頭連接。陰極元件係為與該直流電源的負極接頭連接的一個單一鎳篩。待處理的電解質包含5克氯化鈉，將其添加至1公升的60 °C水性無電鎳電鍍排放水中，其中含有6〇克鎳鹽、25 克次磷酸鈉及化學需氧量為20,000 ppm。電解作用係於55 毫安培/平方公分、5.5伏特的電池電壓進行，直至排放水的化學需氧量降至初始值之約1 〇%。然後在一個具有大表面積的碳陰極之電化學電池中處理該排放水，以電鍍出本紙張尺度顧_國國家標準（CNS)A4規格⑽X 297公爱） I — ϋ ϋ n I · ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ 1 ^1 · H -^1 I I H ϋ ϋ I (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 39 490444 A7490444 V. Description of the invention (36) The temperature reaches 65 ° C. After one pass through the battery, a clear solution was obtained. Example VI An experiment was performed to show the use of an open-end configured electrochemical cell in the synthesis of chemicals, in this case sodium hypoxia. Replace the electrochemical cell of Example 1 with a 1% electrode that releases catalytic gas, such as a DSA® anode produced by Eltech Systems. A saline solution containing 10 g of sodium gasified solution per liter was added to the electrolysis unit zone, in which gas was generated at the anode and sodium hydroxide was generated at the cathode. The gas is reacted with caustic soda in the battery ' to produce a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hypochlorite bleach. Example VII An experiment was performed using the unipolar battery configuration shown in Fig. 8 to show an open-end battery configuration using electrodes including a plurality of conductive porous elements adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. The battery is equipped with a platinum / sharp mesh anode with 10 strands per linear pair. Two platinum / rhenium screens are electrically contacted and located on a third platinum / niobium screen as a power supply electrode. This third platinum / niobium screen is connected to the positive terminal of a DC power source. The cathode element is a single nickel screen connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply. The electrolyte to be treated contains 5 g of sodium chloride, which is added to 1 liter of 60 ° C aqueous electroless nickel electroplated drainage water, which contains 60 g of nickel salt, 25 g of sodium hypophosphite, and a chemical oxygen demand of 20,000 ppm. The electrolysis was performed at a battery voltage of 55 mAh / cm2 and 5.5 volts until the chemical oxygen demand of the discharged water dropped to about 10% of the initial value. Then treat the discharged water in an electrochemical cell with a large surface area carbon cathode to electroplate the paper size. Gu_National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification ⑽X 297 public love) I — ϋ ϋ n I · ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ 1 ^ 1 · H-^ 1 IIH ϋ (I (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 39 490444 A7

五、發明說明（37 ) 溶液中所剩餘的大部份的鎳。此顯示破壞無電敷鐘槽的排放水中之複合劑，及釋出金屬離子以藉由電鍍方式而加以回收。雖然本發明以不同的具體例共同加以說明，其等係僅作說明之用。因而，習知技藝者自前述的詳細說明，將瞭解許多替代方案、改良與變化，因此所有替代方案與變化係涵蓋於所附申請專利範圍之精神與廣泛範疇中、 --------·---------訂---------線赢 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁} 準標家國國中用適度尺張紙_一本經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製5. Description of the invention (37) Most of the nickel remaining in the solution. This shows that the compound in the discharged water which destroys the electroless clock slot is released, and the metal ions are released to be recovered by electroplating. Although the present invention is described collectively with different specific examples, they are for illustrative purposes only. Therefore, the skilled artisan will understand many alternatives, improvements, and changes from the foregoing detailed description. Therefore, all alternatives and changes are covered by the spirit and broad scope of the scope of the attached patents, ------- -· --------- Order --------- Line Win (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page} Standard moderators should use moderate rule paper_ 一Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

格規 4 )A X 104) A X 10

490444 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製五、發明說明（38 ) 元件標號對照 A7 B7490444 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (38) Comparison of component numbers A7 B7

10 電化學電池 46 又污染的水性電 12 受污染的水溶液 14 電解裝置區 52 陽極 16 氧與氫 54 1¼極 17 電極組 56 1¼1極 18 陰極 58 母線 19 外接電接觸 60 陰極 20 陽極 62 陰極 21 終端板 64 母線 22 入口 /供應管線 72 外接電接觸 23 隔板 74 外接電接觸 24 經純化的水 76 終端電極/終端板 25 螺栓構件 78 終端電極/終端板 26 開端式槽 80 内電極 30 電解装置區 81 管 32 電解質 82 内電極 34 電極組 84 内電極 36 經處理的水性溶液 90 電化學電池 38 容器 92 陽極/終端板 40 電解裝置區 94 陽極/終端板 42 電極組 96 中央陰極 44 護罩/槽 98 陽離子交換膜本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 41 (請先閱讀背面之注咅？事項再填寫本頁)10 Electrochemical cell 46 Contaminated aqueous electricity 12 Contaminated aqueous solution 14 Electrolytic device area 52 Anode 16 Oxygen and hydrogen 54 1¼ pole 17 Electrode group 56 1¼ 1 pole 18 Cathode 58 Bus 19 External electrical contact 60 Cathode 20 Anode 62 Cathode 21 Terminal Plate 64 Bus bar 22 Inlet / supply line 72 External electrical contact 23 Separator 74 External electrical contact 24 Purified water 76 Terminal electrode / terminal plate 25 Bolt member 78 Terminal electrode / terminal plate 26 Open-end tank 80 Internal electrode 30 Electrolytic device area 81 tube 32 electrolyte 82 internal electrode 34 electrode group 84 internal electrode 36 treated aqueous solution 90 electrochemical cell 38 container 92 anode / terminal plate 40 electrolytic device area 94 anode / terminal plate 42 electrode group 96 central cathode 44 shield / slot 98 Cation Exchange Membrane This paper is sized for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 41 (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page)

490444 A7 B7_ 五、發明說明（39 ) 100陽離子交換膜 110供電電極 102開口 112外接電接觸 104單極開端式電池 113電源 10 5終端板 114開端式電解電池設計 106陽極 116電極組 107隔板 118終端板陽極118 108陰極 120隔板 ------------—ί—，丨"^訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 42 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）490444 A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (39) 100 cation exchange membrane 110 power supply electrode 102 opening 112 external electrical contact 104 single-pole open-end battery 113 power source 10 5 terminal board 114 open-end electrolytic cell design 106 anode 116 electrode group 107 separator 118 Terminal plate anode 118 108 cathode 120 separator ------------— 丨 " ^ Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Employees' Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 42 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims

六、申請專利範園第88121297號專利再審查案申請專利範圍修正本修正曰期·· 90年12月一種電解電池，其特徵在料包含至少_陽極鱼至少-陰極’以置於―電解區上作為電極，輪送管構件’以用於將-電解質引導至該等電極以進行電解作用’ 4電解電池具有_開端式配置，且排除一用於電解區内以儲存一電解液之電池殼體。 2· 如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其中該開端式配置之特㈣在於控制電解質溶液及/或氣態副^ 的;參漏。 · 3·如申請專㈣圍第1項之電解電池，其特徵在於係為-個用於處理受污染的水性溶液之電純化電池。 4.如申。月專利祀圍第^項之電解電池，其特徵在於係為一個用於生產有機或無機化學品之電合成電池。 5·:申請專利範圍第!項之電解電池，其特徵在於該電極係連接於一個單極或雙極配置。士申π專利乾圍第5項之電解電池，其特徵在於該電極中之至少一個包含數個彼此相鄰與彼此電力接觸的導電性多孔元件。 ^申1專利範圍第6項之電解電池，其特徵在於該電極之該導電性多孔元件係以金屬或碳製造。 8，如申δ月專利範圍第6項之電解電池，其特徵在於該 “才°之。亥‘電性多孔元件包含獨立地選自下列群中勺物貝·穿孔金屬板、焊接金屬絲布、編織金屬6. Application for Patent Fan Yuan No. 88121297 Patent Reexamination Case Application for Amendment of Patent Scope Amendment Date · December 1990 An electrolytic battery, which is characterized by containing at least _ anode fish at least-cathode '' to be placed in the ― electrolytic zone As an electrode, the tube tube member is used to guide the electrolyte to such electrodes for electrolysis. 4 The electrolytic cell has an open-end configuration and excludes a battery case used in the electrolytic area to store an electrolyte. body. 2. For the electrolytic cell in the first scope of the patent application, the special feature of the open-end configuration is that it controls the electrolyte solution and / or the gaseous side ^; see leakage. · 3. If applying for the electrolytic cell of item 1 above, it is characterized by being an electric purification cell for treating contaminated aqueous solution. 4. As applied. The electrolytic battery of item ^ of the monthly patent is characterized by an electrosynthetic battery for producing organic or inorganic chemicals. 5 ·: The electrolytic cell of the scope of patent application No.! Is characterized in that the electrode is connected to a unipolar or bipolar configuration. The electrolytic cell of item 5 of Shishi Pi patent is characterized in that at least one of the electrodes includes a plurality of conductive porous elements adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. ^ The electrolytic cell according to item 6 of the patent 1 is characterized in that the conductive porous element of the electrode is made of metal or carbon. 8. The electrolytic cell, such as the sixth item in the patent scope of claim δ, is characterized by the "cai." Hai 'electrical porous elements include independently selected from the following groups: perforated metal plates, welded wire cloth Braided metal

——ί!νι νεΓΛ/生意事項再填寫本頁) 490444 絲布、多孔金屬板、破丰古蜀奴&毛布、編織碳布態碳及金屬泡沫。，、罔狀破璃 9.如申請專利範圍第6項之電解電池，兑中括數個導電W件，其特徵在於—㈣電電= 以及自1至100個與該供電電電性多孔元件。 $力連接之附加的導 H).如申請專利範圍第i項之電解電池，其中該電極之又-特徵係在於用以管制電解質駐留時間的構件。 11.如申請專利範圍第i項之電解電池，其特徵在於^ 於將電解質溶液均一地分布於該電極全域之構件。 .如申請專利範圍第i項之電解電池，其令該陽極之特徵在於可電催化產生反應性氧物種。 B •如申請專職圍第12項之電解電池，其中該電催化性陽極之特徵在於其建構材質係選自下列群中··稀有金屬、氧化錫、二氧化鉛、低於化學計量的氧化鈦及摻雜的鑽石。 14·如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其中該陰極之特徵在於1*電谭化硝酸鹽之破壞作用。 1 5.如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其中該陰極之特徵在於係為適於將氧還原成水或過氧化物之氣體擴散陰極。 16. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其特徵在於係為一個未分隔的電化學電池。 17. 如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其特徵在於在 :尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） .......................，裝..................訂..................線· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 44 4VU444 A8 B8 C8 D8 申請專利範圍 °亥陽極與陰極之間存在一個電池分隔器，以形成陽極電解液室與陰極電解液室。 18·如申請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其特徵在於至少一個選自下列群中的感應器：酸鹼值、紫外光、可見光導電性、氫與氣。 19. 如申請專利範圍第丨項之電解電池，其特徵在於至少一個選自下列群中的電源、：直流電源、交流電源、脈波電源及電池電源。 20, 如:請專利範圍第1項之電解電池，其特徵在於i 應益構件與電腦化構件，&電腦化構件係用以接收來自該感應器構件之輸人數據與提供輸出訊號，以控制該電解電池中至少一種選自下列群中的操作條件：電流密度、電解質溶液至該電解電池之流速、溫度與電解質之酸鹼值。種電、、屯化方法，其係用於電純化受污染的水性溶液，該方法之特徵係在於下列步驟，其包括： ⑴提供一個電解電池，其包含至少一陽極與至少一陰極’以置於—電解區上作為電極，傳導構件，以用於將—電解質引導至該等電極以進行電解作用，該電解電池具有一開端式配置，但排除一用於電解區内以儲存一電解液之電池殼體； ⑼將—受污染的電解質溶液引人該電解電池中 :及 (ili)在該電解電池的電極施予―電壓，以電解本紙張尺度顧巾H S緖準（CNS) Α4規格（210X297公釐Τ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) !訂丨 45 490444 嗔寫本頁) A8 B8 C8 D8'申請專鄕® ---- 該受污染的溶液及改良其中的污染物。 U如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其中該電解電池之開端式配置的特徵在於控制電解質溶液及/或氣態副產物之滲漏。 23·如申請專利範圍第21項之電純該電解電池之電極係連接於一個單極或雙^在於认如申請專利範圍第23項之電純化方法，其特徵在於該電解電池之該電極中之至少一個包含數個彼此相鄰與彼此電力接觸的導電性多孔元件。、 π如申請專利第21項之查純化方法，其特徵在於該電解質隸包含選自下列族群的污染物：有機化合物、無機化合物、微生物、病毒、金屬離子及其混合物。 26·如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其特徵在於該電解質溶液包含選自下列族群中的微生物：細菌、孢子、胞囊菌、原生動物、真菌及其混合物。 27. 如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其特徵在於引入至α玄霆解賓.池中的電解質溶液包含一染料或其他產生顏色的污染物，且自該電解電池回收之該含有改良污染物的水性電解質溶液係實質上無色的。 28. 如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其特徵在於係在該電解質溶液中加入足以增進污染物之破壞作用之量的載流子之下，進行電解作用。 29. 如申請專利範圍第28項之電純化方法，其中該載流 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •訂----- :線丨 pi 適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210X297公釐） 46 490444 電解用種 A8 B8 C8 D8 、申請專利範園子係為一種鹼性物質或一種選自由酸及酸式鹽所構成之方矢群中的酸性物質。 30·如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其特徵在於在垓叉>7染之電解質溶液中添加足量的鹽之步驟，以在經純化的溶液中提供一活性齒素殘餘物。 31. 如申請專利範圍第21項之電純化方法，其特徵在於添加至該電解電池中之電解質溶液係受到金屬離子的污染。 32. ) 口申請專利範圍第31項之電純化方*，其特徵在^ 該金屬離子係來自電鍍槽排放水、金屬溶出液、殺生物配方物與塗料之有毒金屬，該金屬可被一複合劑、表面活性劑或還原劑螯合。 33·如申請專職圍㈣項之電純化方法，其特徵在於在該電解電池中改良該複合劑、表面活性劑或還原劑，以釋出金屬離子以於該電解電池中進一步處理或轉送至一個金屬回收電池。 34·—種化學品之電合成方法，其特徵在於下列步驟，其包括： ⑴提供一個電解電池，其包含至少_陽極與至少一陰極，以置於一電解區上作為電極，傳導構件，以用於將一電解質引導至該等電極以進行作用，該電解電池具有一開端式配置，但排除於電解區内以儲存一電解液之電池殼體； (ii)在電解電池中添加一電解質，其包含本紙張尺度顧中國國家標準（CNS) a侧^公爱） t (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) :可...............電- 47 電活性基質之溶液；及 (…）在該電解電池的電極施予一電壓，以電解該電解質而形成一實用性產物。 351申明專利範圍第34項之.電合成方法，其特徵在於該電解電池之電極係連接於一個單極或雙極配置。 36·如申明專利範圍第35項之電合成方法，其特徵在於該私極中之至少一個包含數個彼此相鄰與彼此電力接觸的導電性多孔元件。 37·如申明專利範圍第36項之電合成方法，其特徵在於該電極之該導電性多孔元件係以金屬或碳製造。 38·如申請專利範圍第34項之電合成方法，其特徵在於該 % %貝包括一種鹽或一種酸之一水性溶液。 39·如申請專利範圍第34項之電合成方法，其特徵在於該貝用性產物係為一無機或有機化合物。 40.如申請專利範圍第34項之電合成方法，其特徵在於⑴ 之電解電池包括一多孔性隔膜或一選擇性滲透膜。——Ί! Νι νεΓΛ / Please fill in this page again for business matters) 490444 Silk cloth, porous metal plate, Po Feng Gu Shu Nu & wool cloth, woven carbon cloth, and carbon foam.罔, 罔 shape broken glass 9. For example, the electrolytic cell of the scope of application for patent No. 6 includes several conductive W pieces, which are characterized by-㈣电 = and from 1 to 100 electric porous elements with the power supply. The additional guidance of the force connection H). For example, the electrolytic cell of the scope of application for patent i, wherein the electrode is further characterized by a member for controlling the residence time of the electrolyte. 11. The electrolytic cell according to item i of the application, which is characterized in that the electrolyte solution is uniformly distributed throughout the entire area of the electrode. The electrolytic cell, such as the item i of the patent application scope, makes the anode characterized by being capable of electrocatalytically generating reactive oxygen species. B • If applying for a full-time electrolytic cell according to item 12, wherein the electrocatalytic anode is characterized in that its construction material is selected from the following groups: rare metals, tin oxide, lead dioxide, and less than stoichiometric titanium oxide And doped diamonds. 14. The electrolytic cell according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cathode is characterized by the damaging effect of 1 * electric tanned nitrate. 1 5. The electrolytic cell according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the cathode is characterized by being a gas diffusion cathode suitable for reducing oxygen to water or peroxide. 16. The electrolytic cell according to item 1 of the patent application is characterized by being an undivided electrochemical cell. 17. For example, the electrolytic battery of item 1 of the scope of patent application is characterized in that the standard applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ... ......, installed ................. line · (please first Read the notes on the back and fill in this page again) 44 4VU444 A8 B8 C8 D8 Patent application scope There is a battery separator between the anode and cathode to form the anolyte and catholyte compartments. 18. The electrolytic cell according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, characterized by at least one sensor selected from the group consisting of: pH, ultraviolet light, visible light conductivity, hydrogen and gas. 19. The electrolytic cell according to item 丨 of the patent application is characterized by at least one power source selected from the group consisting of a DC power source, an AC power source, a pulse power source, and a battery power source. 20. For example, please refer to the electrolytic battery of item 1 of the patent scope, which is characterized by i components and computerized components, & computerized components are used to receive input data from the sensor component and provide output signals to Control at least one operating condition of the electrolytic cell selected from the group consisting of current density, flow rate of electrolyte solution to the electrolytic cell, temperature, and acid-base value of the electrolyte. An electric and chemical method is used for electrically purifying a contaminated aqueous solution. The method is characterized by the following steps, which include: (1) providing an electrolytic cell including at least one anode and at least one cathode; As an electrode on the electrolysis zone, a conductive member is used to guide the electrolyte to the electrodes for electrolysis. The electrolytic cell has an open-end configuration, but excludes one that is used in the electrolysis zone to store an electrolyte. Battery case; ⑼ Introduce—a contaminated electrolyte solution into the electrolytic cell: and (ili) apply a voltage to the electrode of the electrolytic cell to electrolyze the paper on the paper scale to comply with HS Standard (CNS) A4 specifications 210X297mm T (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)! 丨 45 490444 (write this page) A8 B8 C8 D8 'Application for Specialty ® ---- The contaminated solution and its pollution Thing. The electric purification method according to item 21 of the patent application range, wherein the opening configuration of the electrolytic cell is characterized by controlling leakage of the electrolyte solution and / or gaseous by-products. 23. If the electrode of the electrolytic battery of item 21 of the patent application is connected to a single pole or double electrode, the electric purification method according to the application of the item 23 of the patent application is characterized in that the electrode of the electrolytic battery is characterized by At least one of them includes a plurality of conductive porous elements adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. The method according to claim 21 is characterized in that the electrolyte contains pollutants selected from the following groups: organic compounds, inorganic compounds, microorganisms, viruses, metal ions, and mixtures thereof. 26. The electric purification method according to item 21 of the application, characterized in that the electrolyte solution contains microorganisms selected from the following groups: bacteria, spores, cysts, protozoa, fungi, and mixtures thereof. 27. The electric purification method according to the scope of application for patent No. 21, characterized in that the electrolyte solution introduced into the α-Xuanting solution. The electrolyte solution in the pool contains a dye or other color-producing pollutants, and the The aqueous solution of the modified contaminant is substantially colorless. 28. The electric purification method according to item 21 of the scope of patent application, characterized in that the electrolyte solution is electrolyzed by adding an amount of carriers sufficient to promote the damaging effect of pollutants. 29. If you apply for the electric purification method of item 28 of the patent scope, where the current carrying (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) • Order -----: Line 丨 pi Applicable Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X297 mm) 46 490444 Electrolytic species A8 B8 C8 D8, patented Fanyuanzi is a basic substance or an acidic substance selected from the square vector group composed of acid and acid salt. 30. The electric purification method according to item 21 of the patent application, which is characterized by the step of adding a sufficient amount of salt to the electrolyte solution of 垓 Fork > 7 to provide an active dentition residue in the purified solution . 31. The electric purification method according to item 21 of the application, characterized in that the electrolyte solution added to the electrolytic cell is contaminated by metal ions. 32.) The electropurification method for item 31 in the scope of patent application, which is characterized in that ^ The metal ions are toxic metals discharged from the electroplating bath, water leaching solution, biocidal formulations and coatings, and the metal can be compounded. Chelating agent, surfactant or reducing agent. 33. If applying for a full-time electrical purification method, it is characterized by improving the composite agent, surfactant or reducing agent in the electrolytic cell to release metal ions for further processing in the electrolytic cell or transfer to an Metal recycling battery. 34. An electrosynthesis method for a chemical, which is characterized by the following steps, including: (i) providing an electrolytic cell including at least an anode and at least a cathode, placed on an electrolysis zone as an electrode, a conductive member, and For guiding an electrolyte to the electrodes to function, the electrolytic cell has an open-end configuration, but excludes a battery case in the electrolytic zone to store an electrolytic solution; (ii) adding an electrolyte to the electrolytic cell, It contains the paper size in accordance with Chinese National Standards (CNS) a side ^ public love) t (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page): Yes ......... -47 a solution of an electroactive substrate; and (...) applying a voltage to the electrodes of the electrolytic cell to electrolyze the electrolyte to form a practical product. 351 states the 34th patent scope of the patent. The method of electrosynthesis is characterized in that the electrodes of the electrolytic cell are connected to a unipolar or bipolar configuration. 36. The method of electrosynthesis according to claim 35, wherein at least one of the private poles includes a plurality of conductive porous elements adjacent to each other and in electrical contact with each other. 37. The method of electrosynthesis according to claim 36 of the patent scope, characterized in that the conductive porous element of the electrode is made of metal or carbon. 38. The method of electrosynthesis according to item 34 of the application, characterized in that the %% shellfish comprises an aqueous solution of a salt or an acid. 39. The method of electrosynthesis according to item 34 of the scope of application, characterized in that the shellfish product is an inorganic or organic compound. 40. The method of electrosynthesis according to item 34 of the scope of patent application, characterized in that the electrolytic cell comprises a porous membrane or a selectively permeable membrane.

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