TW464695B - Light metal forging material manufacturing method and forged member manufacturing method using the material - Google Patents
Light metal forging material manufacturing method and forged member manufacturing method using the material Download PDFInfo
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- TW464695B TW464695B TW088122223A TW88122223A TW464695B TW 464695 B TW464695 B TW 464695B TW 088122223 A TW088122223 A TW 088122223A TW 88122223 A TW88122223 A TW 88122223A TW 464695 B TW464695 B TW 464695B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
Description
6^695 五、發明說明（1) ^發明係關於一種製造輕金屬鍛造材料之方法提供作為 换文鍛造製程獲得輕金屬鍛件的材料，以及關於使用該材 科透過鍛造製程製造鍛件之方法。 習知製造輕金屬如鎂（偶爾以符號Mg表示該元素）、鎂合 金、紹（偶爾於後文以符號A 1表示該元素）及鋁合金製成的 輕金1件之方法’基於鑄造方法之方法最為常見。至於一 種鑄造方法，習知所謂的模注法用以達成鑄造製程速度加 快，該製程係於高壓下將輕金屬熔料注入及進給鑄模而使 生產力顯著提高。 、，也已知半固體鑄造法用於注入及進給半固態之輕金屬熔 料（基本上恤度低於熔點）至鑄模，而與通常熔體鑄造法將 輕金屬熔料呈完全熔融態於高於其熔點之溫度注入及進扒 锖模相反。 外1近年來使用注入模製方法之輕金屬件製法也被付 ::際：用，特別鎖及其合金等。此種方法使用注入模製 ϋ = ΐ將呈熔融態輕金屬熔料由其注入喷嘴注入且進終 模穴。此種方法可於比較鑄造法更短的週期時6 ^ 695 V. Description of the invention (1) ^ The invention relates to a method for manufacturing light metal forging materials provided as a material for obtaining light metal forgings as an exchange forging process, and a method for manufacturing forgings by using the material branch through the forging process. Known manufacturing methods of light metals such as magnesium (the element is occasionally denoted by the symbol Mg), magnesium alloys, Shao (the element is occasionally denoted by the symbol A 1 hereinafter), and light gold made of aluminum alloy. The method is the most common. As for a casting method, a so-called injection molding method is conventionally used to achieve an accelerated casting process, which is a process in which light metal melt is injected and fed to a mold at a high pressure to significantly increase productivity. It is also known that the semi-solid casting method is used to inject and feed the semi-solid light metal melt (basically the degree of melting is lower than the melting point) to the mold, and it is in a completely molten state at a higher level than the usual melt casting method. The temperature of its melting point is opposite to that of pouring into the mold. Outside 1 In recent years, light metal parts manufacturing methods using injection molding methods have also been introduced. :: international: use, special locks and their alloys. This method uses injection molding ϋ = ΐ to inject molten metal in a molten state from its injection nozzle and into the final cavity. This method can be used in shorter cycles than the casting method
知為相當乾淨且比較鑄造法例如模注法對工作 I 2製程，同時就品質上可獲得具有高準確度 ：： 縮穴瑕疵等之輕金屬模製產物。 々負及低收 與此種注入模製法關連，也已知 法，用於將呈半固態（基本上於比稼^的/固體注入模製 私點更低溫度）之輕金屬It is known to be relatively clean and comparative to casting methods such as injection molding for working I 2 process, and at the same time, it can obtain light metal molding products with high accuracy in terms of shrinkage defects. Negative and low yields are related to this injection molding method, and it is also known to be used to inject light metals in a semi-solid state (basically lower temperature than that of solid / injection molding private points).
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枓由注入噴嘴注入及進哈槿 Γ 索笛2 Α义 例如參考日本專利公開 案第Ζ 15620说之先刖技術參考文件）。 不僅是鑄造法同時也是注入掇德、土 文中 '这料，"“ 鑄 由於熔料溫度（後 柹用本囡舻厶鹿从』丨±^ ^態之半固體材料）於 使用丰固體金屬材料時相當低，因 較少出現’且適合高速及，或高壓 斤胃的毛邊』 良的優點。 义以左入，也提供生產力改 態以及進給半固態熔料至 完全熔融液相部分之熔料 近層流狀態進給，結果極 品質的結構體。如此改良 此外經由將金屬熔料變成半固 模穴’其中非熔融固相部分混合 就此進給。因此金屬熔料係以接 少產生氣體，獲得具有相對均勻 所得元件整體機械特性。 需注 不會融化但可維持固態部分" 說明書 田视金屬熔料係 ± - w ^ ' 而液相"一詞表示乙本 相"可 體金屬 屬熔料 相"以 未融化 進一 體金屬 率）"' ''固相 1完全融化並進入液態之部分,， ； 經由觀察所得輕金屬件固 口枓 is injected from the injection nozzle and enters the hibiscus Γ Suodi 2 A (for example, refer to the prior art reference document described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Z 15620). Not only the casting method is also injected into the German and local culture 'this material, " " " Casting due to the melting temperature (the semi-solid material used in the following 囡 舻 厶 Lu from the 丨 ± ^ ^ state) in the use of solid metal The material is quite low, because it is less likely to appear, and is suitable for high-speed and high-pressure burrs of the stomach. The good advantage is to enter the left side, which also provides productivity changes and feeds semi-solid melt to the fully molten liquid phase. The molten material is fed in a near laminar state, resulting in a very high-quality structure. This improvement is also achieved by turning the molten metal into a semi-solid cavity, where the non-melted solid phase is mixed and fed. Therefore, the molten metal is generated less frequently. Gas, to obtain a relatively uniform overall mechanical characteristics of the obtained component. Note that it will not melt but can maintain the solid part " instruction manual Tianshi metal melt system ±-w ^ 'and the term liquid phase means the B phase The bulk metal belongs to the melt phase " unmelted into the integrated metal ratio) " '' 'Solid phase 1 completely melts and enters the liquid part ,,; The solid metal parts obtained through observation
=反而維持固態部分"而與液態，於半固體2 二匕並進入液態，的液相部分區別。V 但雒ί又侍的凡件表不、、於半固體輕金屬熔料態尚 一、准持固態（變成固相）部分"。 〜° :::意於本說明書、相比率"以此表示 落JH内固㈣對於全體炫料（固相+液相之比 ，二述比率為炼融產物注入後觀察固化結構已經呈 4分相對於整體觀察區之比率（面積比）而獲得並= Instead, it maintains the solid part, which is different from the liquid part, which is in the liquid state, and enters the liquid state in the semi-solid 2 state. V However, all of the other things that are not good are those that are still in the semi-solid light metal melt state. They are quasi-holding the solid (becoming solid) part. ~ ° ::: It is intended for this specification, the comparison ratio " This means that JH internal solid ㈣ for the whole material (solid phase + liquid phase ratio, the second-mentioned ratio is the observation of the solidified structure after the melting product has been injected into 4) The ratio of the points to the overall observation area (area ratio) is obtained and
464695 五、發明說明（3) 數值。 進一步需注意本說明書中，半固態"一詞用於輕金屬熔 料基本上表示、、呈固態（固相）原料與熔融且進入液態（液 相）原料並存狀況"* 。該狀態通常係經由加熱原料低於其 爆點所得狀態。假定輕金屬熔料溫度大致於熔點或剛超過 炼點時固相態大致等於〇%之情況也包含於此種，半固 鲅"〇 即使輕金屬熔料本身具有大致為0%之固相比率，考慮例 如半固體注入模製法之實際注入模製過程，固化部分（所 謂的冷柱塞）及含高固相比率之高固相部分於喷嘴稍端側 產生，係由於由注入喷嘴一次注入（一次射出）至模具結束 至執行下次注入（下次射出）間隔期間’由於注入噴嘴熔料 進給路徑的金屬熔料冷卻結果所致。因此實際注入模穴的 輕金屬熔料無可避免地包含固相部分。 ，它方面，若要求獲得一種輕金屬件具有比前述鑄造法或 注入模製法更高的強度，則最常見使用鍛造法。此外，至 於藉此種鍛造法製造輕金屬件之製法，已知所謂的鑄造_ 鍛造法用於鍛造製程前藉鑄造法形成適合鍛造製程的材料 (鍛材），將此材料安置特定鍛模内且使材料接受鍛造過 程，例如揭示於日本專利公開案第6_297 1 27號之先前技術 參考文件。 根據此種鑄造-鍛造法，於鑄造（材料）階段透過鍛造製 程形成相當類似成品（鍛件）形狀的半成品。如此可將鍛告 製程簡化成為€有單-鍛造製程且許可鍛造具有複雜形狀464695 V. Description of the invention (3) Numerical values. It should be further noted that in this specification, the term "semi-solid" is used for light metal melts to basically indicate that coexisting conditions of solid (solid phase) raw materials and molten and entering liquid (liquid phase) raw materials " *. This state is usually obtained by heating the raw material below its burst point. It is assumed that the temperature of the light metal melt is approximately the melting point or that the solid phase state is approximately equal to 0% when the melting point is just exceeded. Even if the light metal melt itself has a solid phase ratio of approximately 0%, Consider, for example, the actual injection molding process of the semi-solid injection molding method. The solidified part (the so-called cold plunger) and the high solid phase part with a high solids ratio are generated on the slightly end side of the nozzle. The interval between injection) to the end of the mold and the next injection (next injection) is due to the cooling result of the metal melt in the injection nozzle melt feed path. Therefore, the light metal melt actually injected into the cavity inevitably contains a solid phase portion. For its part, if a light metal part is required to have a higher strength than the aforementioned casting method or injection molding method, the forging method is most commonly used. In addition, as for the method of manufacturing light metal parts by this forging method, the so-called casting_ forging method is known to use the casting method to form a material suitable for the forging process (forging material) before the forging process. This material is placed in a specific forging die and The material is subjected to a forging process, for example, a prior art reference document disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6_297 1 27. According to this casting-forging method, a semi-finished product with a shape similar to that of the finished product (forging) is formed through the forging process at the casting (material) stage. This can simplify the forging process into a single-forging process and permit forging with complex shapes
4 6 4 6 9 5 五、發明說明（4) 的元件。此外可調整材料結構故即使具有低劣鍛造性質的 材料仍可毫無困擾地接受锻造製程。 需注意於本鑄造-鍛造法形成的鍛造材料可藉注入模製 法替代鑄造法進行。 但此種鑄造-鍛造法之鑄造製程（鍛材的成形製程）偶爾 於熔料進給階段等出現含氣體（含空氣）。若固化發生在涉 及氣體且内部存在有氣體之狀態，則氣體瑕疵將留在鱗造 成品内側。特別當可以高速及高壓進行進給的鑄造製程例 如模具鑄造用於此種鍛造材料成形過程時更容易出現氣體 瑕疵，問題變得更明顯。 如策 謂T6處 但若藉 即於材 後進行 處理階 相當高 瑕疵。 獲得強 的問題 所周知’於溶液加熱處理後進行老化硬化處理的所 理通常係作為熱處理用於改良機械性質提高強度。 鑄造-鍛造法獲得的鑄造產物係產生於鑄造階段（亦 料鑄造階段）如前述將氣體瑕疵含括於内部則於隨 的T6處理出現脹大（所謂的氣泡），原因在於溶液熱 段存在於内側的氣體膨脹，於熱處理階段加熱維持 而透過鍛造製程獲得產物（鍛件）直接出現起泡 刖述缺點導致機械特性受才員，無法透過T6處理充分 度的效果’以及進一步造成需要去除受損外觀製程 程&外Λ於植前述理由，可以高速及高壓進行進給之鑄造製 ，(例如模鑄）無法用於鑄造—鍛造法之鑄造 成2程），如此變成顯著不利於改良生產力。 此外’於透過隨後製程獲得锻造產物之例也同樣觀察到4 6 4 6 9 5 V. Element of description (4). In addition, the material structure can be adjusted so that even materials with inferior forging properties can be subjected to the forging process without any trouble. It should be noted that the forging material formed by this casting-forging method can be performed by injection molding instead of casting method. However, the casting process (forging process) of this casting-forging method occasionally contains gas (including air) during the molten material feeding stage. If curing occurs in a state where gas is involved and gas is present inside, gas defects will remain inside the scale product. Especially when casting processes that can be fed at high speeds and high pressures, such as die casting, are used to form such forged materials, gas defects are more likely to occur, and the problem becomes more obvious. Such as the policy at T6, but if borrowed immediately after processing, the processing stage is quite high defects. The problem of obtaining strong strength is known as a method of performing aging and hardening treatment after heat treatment of a solution, usually as a heat treatment for improving mechanical properties and improving strength. The casting products obtained by the casting-forging method are generated in the casting stage (also expected to be the casting stage). As mentioned above, gas flaws are included in the interior, and then the T6 process swells (so-called bubbles) because the hot section of the solution exists in the The inner gas expands, and it is heated and maintained during the heat treatment stage. The product obtained through the forging process (forging) is directly blistered. The shortcomings described above lead to the mechanical characteristics of the talented person, and the effect of the T6 treatment is not sufficient. The manufacturing process is based on the foregoing reasons, and can be fed at a high speed and high pressure. (For example, die casting) cannot be used for the casting-forging method of the casting process. This becomes a significant disadvantage to improving productivity. In addition, in the case where a forged product is obtained through a subsequent process, the same is observed.
464695 五、發明說明（5) 產生亂泡問題’不僅於藉鑄造形成鍛材之情況觀察得，同 時也採用方法觀察得。特別當使用一高速及/或高壓進給 輕金屬嫁料至模穴之製程（例如於鍛造材料藉注入模製法 形^案例），於鍛造產物產生氣泡更明顯。 而’主意溶液熱處理〃表示一種處理於固體溶液溫度範 圍内加熱材料或元件經歷規定時間，然後將材料調整至室 溫’促進材料結構的均化。 例如以含四或四以上百分重量比Mg為例說明，透過前述 ^ ^形成的化合物為例（Mgl7A112)溶解於材料結構藉由進 行則述溶液熱處理而促進均化。需注意於鋁含量小於重 量比之例未產生前述化合物。因此通常無須透過熔液熱處 理之均化製程。 發明概迷 鐵於剛述技術問題其可能發生於經由形成鍛材且使該材 料接又锻造製程獲得輕金屬锻件而從事本發明研究，其目 的係可靠地防止由於透過鍛造製程所得產物（鍛件）加熱處 理產生氣泡。 如此本發明之第一特徵方面提供一種製造鍛材之方法， 該鍛材由輕金屬製成且被提供作為接受鍛造製程之材料用 以獲得輕金屬製之鍛件，該方法包含下列步驟：進給—種 权金屬熔料至特製模製模具的模穴因而形成鍛材且使鍛材 於鍛造製程之前接受特定熱處理，如此由於材料内部氣體 膨脹產生一氣泡。 根據本發明之第一特徵方面，當製造輕金屬鍛材提供作464695 V. Description of the invention (5) The problem of blistering is not only observed when the forging material is formed by casting, but also by methods. Especially when using a high-speed and / or high-pressure feeding process of light metal dope to the cavity (for example, injection molding method in the case of forged materials), the bubble generation in the forged product is more obvious. And 'idea solution heat treatment' means a process in which a material or element is heated in a solid solution temperature range for a predetermined time, and then the material is adjusted to room temperature 'to promote homogenization of the material structure. For example, four or more percent by weight Mg is taken as an example to explain that the compound formed through the aforementioned ^^ (Mgl7A112) is dissolved in the material structure, and homogenization is promoted by heat treatment of the solution. It should be noted that the foregoing compounds are not produced in examples where the aluminum content is less than the weight ratio. Therefore, it is usually not necessary to perform a homogenization process by heat treatment of the melt. The invention is related to the technical problems just described, which may occur in the research of the present invention through the formation of forging materials and obtaining the light metal forgings in the forging process. The purpose is to reliably prevent the products (forgings) from heating through the forging process. Processing produces bubbles. Thus, a first characteristic aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a forged material, which is made of light metal and is provided as a material undergoing a forging process to obtain a light metal forged piece. The method includes the following steps: The weight metal melts into the cavity of the special molding die, thereby forming a forging material and subjecting the forging material to a specific heat treatment before the forging process, so that a bubble is generated due to the expansion of the gas inside the material. According to a first characteristic aspect of the present invention, when manufacturing a light metal forging material,
88122223.ptd 464695 、發明說明（6) 為接受鍛造製程來獲得輕金屬鍛件的材料時，輕金 ，進給特製模具之模穴用以形成鍛材，此鍛材於鍛造程 ^接受特定熱處理，以預備方式造成由於材料内部氣體膨 脹產生的氣泡。如此經由於隨後處理使其中鍛造材料接受 锻造製程’已經預先產生於材料表面及/或其附近的氣泡又 被軋碎。換言之存在於材料（表面及/或其附近）作為氣泡 的空腔部藉由鍛造製程施加的壓縮力被壓迫而此部分變成 基底金屬。換言之經由於材料階段預備性產生氣泡，此氣 泡可透過鍛造製程被壓迫’如此於隨後製程所得的锻件可 無誤地防止產生氣泡。 本發明之第一特徵方面基於前述發明目的，特定熱處理 為溶液熱處理。 根據本發明之第二特徵方面，可產生基本上類似前述發 明製程的效果。特別前述特定熱處理為溶液熱處理可促^ 锻村之材料結構均勻，改良隨後鍛造製程鍛造性質，且改 良鍛件機械性。 又於本發明之第二特徵方面，基於前述發明特徵，溶液 熱處理之熱處理溫度未低於3〇〇 °c。 溶液熱處理之熱處理溫度下限值設定為3〇〇 °C的理由在 於即使材料於低於前述溫度接受溶液熱處理，鍛材也無法 於事先（鍛造製程前）產生氣泡。 根據本發明之第三特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述本 發明之特徵的效果。特別經由設定溶液熱處理之熱處理為 不低於3 0 0 C，可透過此種溶液熱處理於锻材内部預備性88122223.ptd 464695, description of the invention (6) When the forging process is used to obtain the material of light metal forgings, light gold is fed into the cavity of a special mold to form a forging material. This forging material is subjected to a specific heat treatment during the forging process. The preparation method causes bubbles due to the expansion of the gas inside the material. In this way, the subsequent processing causes the forged material to undergo the forging process. The bubbles that have been generated on the surface of the material in advance and / or near it are crushed again. In other words, the cavity portion existing as a bubble in the material (the surface and / or its vicinity) is compressed by the compressive force applied by the forging process, and this portion becomes the base metal. In other words, through the preliminary generation of bubbles in the material stage, this bubble can be oppressed through the forging process', so that forgings obtained in subsequent processes can prevent the generation of bubbles without error. The first characteristic aspect of the present invention is based on the aforementioned object of the invention, and the specific heat treatment is a solution heat treatment. According to the second characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect substantially similar to the aforementioned process of the present invention can be produced. In particular, the aforementioned specific heat treatment is solution heat treatment, which can promote the uniform material structure of the forging village, improve the forging properties of the subsequent forging process, and improve the mechanical properties of the forging. Also in the second characteristic aspect of the present invention, based on the foregoing inventive feature, the heat treatment temperature of the solution heat treatment is not lower than 300 ° c. The reason why the lower limit value of the heat treatment temperature of the solution heat treatment is set to 300 ° C is that even if the material is subjected to the solution heat treatment at a temperature lower than the aforementioned temperature, the forged material cannot generate bubbles beforehand (before the forging process). According to the third characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to the aforementioned characteristic feature of the present invention can be basically produced. In particular, the heat treatment through the set solution heat treatment is not less than 3 0 0 C, which can be heat treated in the forging material through this solution.
46 46 9 5 五、發明說明（7) -- (於锻造製程前）產生氣泡。 、進一步於本發明之第四特徵方面基於前述各發明特徵， 溶液熱處理之熱處理時間不短於一小時。 溶液熱處理之熱處理時間下限值設定為一小時的理由在 於透過時間比前述數值更短的溶液熱處理無法有效促進材 料結構的均質化。 根據本發明之第四特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述各 特徵的效果。特別經由設定溶液熱處理之熱處理時間為一 小時或更久’材料結構之均質化可透過溶液熱處理而有效 提升。 ，此外，於本發明之第五特徵方面，基於前述本發明之特 溶液熱處理係於熱處理溫度不低於3 5 〇乞且不高於4 5 〇 C及熱處理時間不短於1 〇小時且不長於2 4小時的處理條件 進行。 溶液熱處理之熱處理溫度設定為不低於3 5 〇它之理由為 藉由於高於前述溫度之溫度進行溶液熱處理，可於锻造製 程之前於鍛材可靠地產生氣泡。溫度設定為不高於45〇充 之原因在於當溶液熱處理溫度超過此值時材料結構發生晶 粒生長現象，而透過鍛造法所得產物之機械性質降低。 溶液熱處理之熱處理時間設定為不短於1 〇小時之理由在 於透過溶液熱處理可可靠地獲得材料結構均質化效果。時 間設定為不超過2 4小時的理由在於當連續處理超過此段時 間時效果達到飽和且變成不經濟。 根據本發明之第五特徵方面，基本上可產生前述各種本46 46 9 5 V. Description of the invention (7)-(Before the forging process) air bubbles are generated. Further, according to the fourth characteristic aspect of the present invention, based on the aforementioned features, the heat treatment time of the solution heat treatment is not shorter than one hour. The reason why the lower limit value of the heat treatment time for the solution heat treatment is set to one hour is that the solution heat treatment with a transmission time shorter than the aforementioned value cannot effectively promote the homogenization of the material structure. According to the fourth characteristic aspect of the present invention, effects similar to the foregoing respective characteristics can be basically produced. In particular, by setting the heat treatment time of the solution heat treatment to be one hour or more, the homogenization of the material structure can be effectively improved by the solution heat treatment. In addition, in the fifth characteristic aspect of the present invention, the special solution heat treatment based on the foregoing invention is performed at a heat treatment temperature of not less than 350 ° C and not more than 450 ° C and a heat treatment time of not less than 10 hours and not more than Processing conditions longer than 24 hours were performed. The reason why the heat treatment temperature of the solution heat treatment is set to not less than 3 50 is that the solution heat treatment can be performed at a temperature higher than the aforementioned temperature to reliably generate bubbles in the forged material before the forging process. The reason why the temperature is set to not higher than 45 ° is that when the solution heat treatment temperature exceeds this value, grain growth occurs in the material structure, and the mechanical properties of the product obtained by the forging method are reduced. The reason why the heat treatment time of the solution heat treatment is set to not shorter than 10 hours is that the homogenization effect of the material structure can be reliably obtained by the solution heat treatment. The reason for setting the time to not more than 24 hours is that the effect becomes saturated and becomes uneconomical when continuous processing exceeds this time. According to a fifth characteristic aspect of the present invention, the aforementioned various books can basically be produced.
88122223.ptd 第11頁 4 6 4 6 9 588122223.ptd Page 11 4 6 4 6 9 5
Ϊ Ϊ ” ί的效果。特別經由於溶液熱處理條件上設定熱 a ^ u 邻Ba '彳' 生長現象促成鍛件機械特徵減低， 爲；ί；招^ 1 ίΐ可罪預先地產生氣泡。此外，熱處理時間設定 ;靠地獲r :時而不長於24小時。因此透過溶液熱處理可 機械結構均質化效果，如此避免效果變飽和而 綠2發明之第六特徵方面’基於前述本發明之各 繼丫，；冑減理後，鍛材相對密度設定不小於 鍛材相對密度下限值設定為9〇%的理由為當相對密产小 於此值時：於鍛材階段事先產生的氣泡量過大，而無^無 誤地軋平氣泡。結果難以確保通常實際需要的抗拉強度。 此外，最大值與最小值間之變異變大，結果導致 穩定化強度。 根據本發明之第六特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述特 徵之效果。特別於規定熱處理後相對密度設定為不小於 90%。如此藉由軋碎階段已經預備產生的氣泡而獲得良好 鍛件’以及確保一般實際需要的抗拉強度。 此外於本發明之第七特徵方面，基於前述發明特徵’規 定熱處理後之鍛材相對密度設定為不小於9。 鍛材相對密度之下限值設 度不小於此值時藉由無誤地 泡可獲得良好锻件。結果可效果 ί "The effect of ί. Especially by setting the heat a ^ u adjacent Ba '彳' growth phenomenon on the condition of solution heat treatment to promote the reduction of mechanical characteristics of forgings; ί ^ 1 ΐ ΐ can be generated in advance. In addition, heat treatment Set time; get r: time and not longer than 24 hours. Therefore, the mechanical structure can be homogenized by solution heat treatment, so that the effect is not saturated and the sixth characteristic aspect of the green invention is based on the following steps of the present invention, ; 胄 After reduction, the reason why the relative density of the forging material is set to be not less than the lower limit value of the forging material is set to 90%. When the relative dense production is less than this value: the amount of air bubbles generated in the forging material phase is too large without ^ Flatten the bubble without error. As a result, it is difficult to ensure the tensile strength that is actually required. In addition, the variation between the maximum and minimum values becomes larger, resulting in stabilized strength. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is basically possible to produce The effect is similar to the aforementioned feature. In particular, the relative density is set to not less than 90% after the prescribed heat treatment. In this way, good air bubbles are obtained by the crushing stage. In addition, in the seventh characteristic aspect of the present invention, the relative density of the forged material after heat treatment is specified to be not less than 9 based on the aforementioned characteristic feature of the invention. The lower limit value of the relative density of the forged material is set. When the degree is not less than this value, good forgings can be obtained by bubble without error. The result can be
88122223.ptd 第12頁 定為9 5 %之理由在於當相對密 軋平先前於鍛材階段產生的氣 充分確保一般實際需要的抗拉88122223.ptd page 12 The reason for setting 95% is that when relatively dense rolling is performed, the gas previously generated in the forging stage is sufficient to ensure the tensile strength that is generally required in practice
464695 五、發明說明（9) 強度°此外’最大值與最小值間之變化極小，如此許可穩 定獲得尚抗拉強|。 根據本發明之第七特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述發 明特徵：之效果。特別規定熱處理後相對密度設定為不小於 95% .二如此藉由更可靠地軋碎於鍛材階段預先產生的氣泡 可獲彳于無瑕疵*墙件’結果確保一般實際需要的抗拉強度。 此外’可穩定獲得最大值與最小值兼有極小變異的高抗拉 強度。 此外於本發明之第八特徵方面’基於前述發明特徵，藉 由於半固態進給輕金屬熔料於規定模具之模穴進行鍛材的 形成。 根據本發明之第八特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述發 明特徵效果。特別藉由使用呈半固態之輕金屬熔料形成鍛 材，比較使用完全熔融態之熔融材料的製程，可獲得含較 小數收縮空腔於氣體瑕疵的高品質鍛材。此外由於熔融材 料溫度低，焊件較少出現，毛邊〃且適合高速及/或高壓 製程’也提供改良生產力的優點。 此外，於本發明之第九特徵方面，基於前述發明特徵， 經由將輕金屬熔料注入及進給規定模具的模穴可進行鍛 的形成。 根據本發明之第九特徵方面，基本上於下列案例可產生 類似前述發明特徵的效果，透過加熱處理溶液產生氣泡的 注入模製法被採用於形成鍛材。464695 V. Description of the invention (9) Strength ° In addition, the change between the maximum value and the minimum value is very small, so that it is stable to obtain the tensile strength. | According to the seventh characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to the aforementioned characteristic feature of the present invention can be basically produced. It is specifically stipulated that the relative density after heat treatment is set to not less than 95%. Second, by more reliably crushing the pre-generated air bubbles in the forging stage, it can be obtained from flawless * wall parts' results to ensure the generally required tensile strength. In addition, it is possible to stably obtain a high tensile strength with minimum and maximum variation. In addition, in the eighth characteristic aspect of the present invention ', based on the aforementioned characteristics of the invention, the forging material is formed by the semi-solid feed of light metal melt in the cavity of a predetermined mold. According to the eighth characteristic aspect of the present invention, a characteristic effect similar to that of the foregoing invention can be basically produced. In particular, by using a semi-solid light metal melt to form a forging material, and comparing a process using a completely molten molten material, a high-quality forging material with a small number of shrinkage cavities and gas defects can be obtained. In addition, due to the low temperature of the molten material, fewer weldments are present, and burrs are suitable for high speed and / or high pressure processes', which also provides the advantage of improved productivity. In addition, in the ninth feature aspect of the present invention, forging can be performed by injecting and feeding a light metal melt into a cavity of a predetermined mold based on the aforementioned feature of the present invention. According to the ninth characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to that of the foregoing invention can be produced basically in the following cases, and an injection molding method for generating bubbles through the heat treatment solution is used to form a forged material.
46 46 9 5 五、發明說明（ίο) 材可於短週期時間製造。此外’比較鑄造法例如模鑄法可 獲得一種輕金屬鍛材其當乾淨且就工作環境而言高度安 全’就品質而言做高準確度、均句度及極少有收縮等瑕 疫。 此外，於本發明第十特徵方面，基於前述發明特徵，輕 金屬為含四或四以上重量百分比率鋁（A1)之鎂（Mg)合金。 鋁含量下限值設定為4 %重量比之理由在於無須透過溶液 熱處理之均質化製程，原因在於當鋁含量小於此值時於前 —階段可能妨礙材料結構均質化之化合物（Mg 1 7 A1 1 2 )並未 生成。 根據本發明之第十特徵方面，於下述情況基本上可產生 類似如述發明特徵的效果’當铭含量不小於重量比以及 需要藉溶液熱處理進行均質化製程之鎂合金用作材料時， 可能產生妨礙先前製程材料結構均質化及化合物 (Mgl7A1 1 2)。 、此外於本發明之第十一特徵方面，提供一種鍛件製造方 法包含下述步驟，如申請專利範圍第一項至第十項之輕金 屬鍛材接受鍛造製程，如此軋平鍛材所含氣泡。 本發明：第十一特徵方面，根據前述第一至第十方 氣泡。經由前述方④^而軋平已經包含鍛材之 近)之腔穴部分於鍛造製二施枓:厂部(表面及/或其附 成實心基底金屬。換言之的壓力軋平’此部分變 泡可透過锻造製程札平材料階段產生氣泡’此氣 J罪地防止於隨後製程獲得鍛件46 46 9 5 V. Description of Invention (ίο) Materials can be manufactured in a short cycle time. In addition, a 'comparative casting method such as die casting method can obtain a light metal forging material which is clean and highly safe in terms of the working environment' and has high accuracy, uniformity, and few shrinkage defects in terms of quality. In addition, in a tenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, based on the foregoing inventive feature, the light metal is a magnesium (Mg) alloy containing four or more weight percent aluminum (A1). The reason why the lower limit of the aluminum content is set to 4% by weight is due to the homogenization process that does not require solution heat treatment, because when the aluminum content is less than this value, the compound that may hinder the homogenization of the material structure in the pre-stage (Mg 1 7 A1 1 2) Not generated. According to the tenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to the features of the invention can be basically produced in the following cases. When the magnesium alloy content is not less than the weight ratio and a magnesium alloy that needs to be homogenized by solution heat treatment is used as a material, it is possible Generates compounds that hinder the homogenization of materials in previous processes (Mgl7A1 1 2). In addition, according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a forging includes the following steps. For example, if the light metal forging material in the first to tenth of the scope of the patent application is subjected to the forging process, the bubbles contained in the forging material are flattened. The present invention: An eleventh characteristic aspect, according to the aforementioned first to tenth party bubbles. Via the aforementioned method ④ ^, the cavity part which has already been rolled up includes the forging material. The second part is forged. The plant (the surface and / or its solid base metal is attached. In other words, the pressure is rolled out and this part becomes foamed. Bubbles can be generated through the forging process at the Zaping material stage. This will prevent the forgings from being obtained in subsequent processes.
88122223,ptd 第14頁 4 G 46 9 5 五、發明說明（11) 生成氣泡。結果經由使鍛件於規定熱處理條件下接受老化 硬化處理，可獲得具有高強度且不會產生氣泡之益瑕疵鍛 件。此種情況下可獲得類似第一至第十發明特徵之任一方 面的效果。 此外，於本發明之第十二特徵方面，基於前述發明特 徵，輕金屬鍛材透過規定熱處理加熱’隨後未進行冷卻製 程直接接受鍛造處理。 根據本發明之第十二方面，產生基本上類似前述發明特 徵的效果。㈣，透過規定加熱處理加熱輕金屬鍛材，隨 後接受鍛造製程而無須進行冷卻過程。因此於鍛造製程前 加熱至鍛造溫度的加熱處理可被免除因而可顯著 製裎。 此外⑥本發明之第十三特徵方面，基於前述發明特 :，於鍛造製程後於低於規定熱處理的加熱溫 事第二熱處理。 & 根據本發明之第十三特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述 明特徵的效果二特別第二熱處理係於鍛造製程後於低於 J :熱處理之加…、J度之溫度進行第二熱處理。因此於鍛 ^製程後經由加熱處理並未產生氣泡。 因此於本毛明之：十四特徵方s ’基於前述發明特徵， 二熱處理為於規定熱處理有關的處理。 根據本發：：第：四特徵方面，基本上可獲得類 :明特徵=果•特別經由於锻造製程前及 互關連的熱處理製程（規定熱處理及第二熱處理），可執;;88122223, ptd Page 14 4 G 46 9 5 V. Description of the invention (11) Bubble formation. As a result, by subjecting the forging to aging and hardening under a prescribed heat treatment condition, a defective flawed forging having high strength and no air bubbles can be obtained. In this case, an effect similar to any one of the features of the first to tenth inventions can be obtained. In addition, in the twelfth feature aspect of the present invention, based on the foregoing invention feature, the light metal forging material is heated through a predetermined heat treatment 'and then directly subjected to the forging treatment without being subjected to a cooling process. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, an effect substantially similar to the features of the foregoing invention is produced. Alas, the light metal forging material is heated through the prescribed heat treatment, and then subjected to the forging process without cooling. Therefore, the heat treatment for heating to the forging temperature before the forging process can be eliminated and the sintering can be significantly reduced. In addition, in the thirteenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, based on the foregoing invention feature, the second heat treatment is performed at a heating temperature lower than a predetermined heat treatment after the forging process. & According to the thirteenth feature aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to the aforementioned features can be basically produced. The second special heat treatment is performed after the forging process at a temperature lower than J: heat treatment plus ..., J degrees. . Therefore, no bubbles were generated after the forging process through heat treatment. Therefore, in this book, Mao Mingzhi: The fourteenth characteristic square s' is based on the foregoing invention characteristics, and the second heat treatment is a treatment related to a prescribed heat treatment. According to this issue :: The fourth feature aspect, basically available categories: Ming feature = fruit • Especially through the heat treatment process (specified heat treatment and second heat treatment) before the forging process and interrelated, can be executed ;;
8812222 3.ptd 第15頁 I麵 4646958812222 3.ptd Page 15 Side I 464695
需要的熱處理而未於鍛件產生氣泡。 此外於本發明之第十五特徵方面，基於前述發明特徵， 規定熱處理為溶液熱處理’而第二熱處理為老化硬化 理。 根據本發明之第十五特徵方面’基本上可產生前述發明 特徵的效果。特別、經由於锻造製程前及後分開執行交互關 連的溶液熱處理與老化硬化處理，可執行所需熱處理 於鍛件產生氣泡。 此外，於本發明之第十六特徵方面，基於前述發明特 徵’老化硬化處理及熱處理溫度不低於丨〇 01。 老化硬化處理之熱處理溫度下限值設定為〗001之理由 在於於低於前述溫度無法於鍛材有效產生老化硬化。 根據本發明之第十六特徵方面，基本上可產生類似前述 發明特徵的效果。特別，老化硬化處理之熱處理溫度設定 為不低於100 C，因而可於锻件產生老化硬化效果。 此外’於本發明之第十七特徵方面，基於前述發明特 徵’老化硬化處理係於下述處理條件下進行，熱處理溫度 不低於1 0 0 C但不咼於2 5 0 °C，以及加熱處理時間不短於3 小時而不超過2 4小時。 老化硬化處理之熱處理溫度下限值設定為丨〇 〇 之理由 在於於低於前述數值之溫度，無法於鍛材產生有效老化硬 化。上限值設定為2 5 0 °c之原因在於當溫度超過此值時， 老化硬化過度執行’結果抗拉強度及延屐性無法於適當範 圍内相容且滿足。The required heat treatment does not generate bubbles in the forging. In addition, in the fifteenth feature aspect of the present invention, based on the aforementioned features, the heat treatment is defined as solution heat treatment 'and the second heat treatment is aging hardening. According to the fifteenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, the effects of the aforementioned characteristic features can be substantially produced. In particular, the solution heat treatment and the aging hardening treatment are performed separately and separately before and after the forging process, and the required heat treatment can be performed to generate bubbles in the forging. In addition, in the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the aging hardening treatment and the heat treatment temperature based on the foregoing invention feature are not lower than 01. The reason why the lower limit value of the heat treatment temperature for the aging hardening treatment is set to 001 is that the aging hardening cannot be effectively generated in the forging material at a temperature lower than the aforementioned temperature. According to the sixteenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, an effect similar to the aforementioned characteristic feature can be basically produced. In particular, the heat treatment temperature of the aging hardening treatment is set to not less than 100 C, so that the aging hardening effect can be produced in the forging. In addition, in the seventeenth characteristic aspect of the present invention, based on the foregoing inventive feature, the aging and hardening treatment is performed under the following processing conditions, the heat treatment temperature is not lower than 100 ° C but not lower than 250 ° C, and heating The processing time is not shorter than 3 hours and not longer than 24 hours. The reason why the lower limit value of the heat treatment temperature of the aging hardening treatment is set to 丨 〇 〇 is that at a temperature lower than the foregoing value, effective aging hardening cannot be caused in the forging material. The reason why the upper limit value is set to 250 ° C is that when the temperature exceeds this value, aging and hardening are performed excessively. As a result, the tensile strength and ductility cannot be compatible and satisfied within an appropriate range.
88122223.ptd 第16頁 464695 五、發明說明（13) 老化硬化處理之埶由挪+ 名於t卜气、f鉍估* ’’、處理時間下限值設定為3小時之理由 限值設定為2“、C效產生老化硬化。上 時，效果達到飽和當處理持續超過此段時間 根據本發明之第十七二 明特徵的效果1別老：=，基本上產生類似前述發 ^^inn r ^ ^ 匕更化處理之熱處理溫度設定為不 件有效產生老化硬化效二之二度：採用此種方法’可於锻 範圍内相容地獲得，同U =度及伸長度可於適當 硬化處理之熱處理時間，：^度老化硬化。此外，老化 時。採用此種安排以小時而不大於24小 免效果變飽和而變不經濟 有效產生硬化效果，且可避 較佳具體例之詳細說@ 將於後文參照附圖說明本發 採用注入模製法用於形成：以較佳具體例之細節，以 首先參照根據本具體例形成银分 „ 示根據本發明之-具體例進以麗：1為說明圖示意顯 模製裝置之部分剖面圖丁輪金屬锻材注入模製之注入 如本圖所示’注入模製裝置1為所謂的螺桿型裝置，4 含一機筒2於其稍部有一喷嘴3且由 ^ 4加熱，螺桿6旋轉式支持於機筒2 ;制。之加熱器 結機筒2，旋轉驅動器7設置例如气这 ' 彳器本體5連 旋轉式驅動螺桿6, 一料斗8其；”^減速器等用於 料器9用以進給原料至模製機體5内部同時量測料斗广内部進88122223.ptd Page 16 464695 V. Description of the invention (13) The reason for aging and hardening treatment is from No. + named for t gas, f bismuth *, and the reason for setting the lower limit of the processing time to 3 hours is set to 2 ", C effect produces aging and hardening. At the time, the effect reaches saturation. When the treatment continues for more than this period of time, the effect according to the seventeenth feature of the present invention 1 is not old: =, basically produces similar hair ^^ inn r ^ ^ The heat treatment temperature of the heat treatment is set to be two or two degrees effective for aging and hardening: this method can be obtained in the forging range, and U = degree and elongation can be appropriately hardened. The heat treatment time: ^ degree aging and hardening. In addition, when aging. With this arrangement, the effect will be saturated in hours and not greater than 24. The effect will become saturated and economically and effectively produce a hardening effect, and the details of better specific examples can be avoided @ The injection molding method used in the present invention to form will be described later with reference to the drawings: with details of the preferred specific example, first refer to the formation of silver according to this specific example. For illustration Partial cross-sectional view of the molding device is shown in this figure. The injection molding of the metal forging material is shown in the figure. 'The injection molding device 1 is a so-called screw-type device. 4 It includes a barrel 2 and a nozzle 3 at its slightly part. And heated by ^ 4, screw 6 is supported on the barrel 2; The heater is connected to the barrel 2, and the rotary driver 7 is provided with, for example, an air compressor body 5 with a rotary drive screw 6, a hopper 8 and the like; ^ a reducer and the like are used for the feeder 9 for feeding raw materials to the molding Simultaneous measurement of the inside of the hopper 5
IH 88122223.pid 464695IH 88122223.pid 464695
88122223.ptd 第18頁 464695 五、發明說明（15) ---- 構（圖中未顯示）而被置於回縮位置的螺桿前進施加特定壓 力，半固態之輕金屬熔料由喷嘴3注入金屬模具1〇。換士 之’輕金屬熔料由噴嘴3經由澆口部12進給模穴^内部: 本具體例中屬於一種輕金屬的鎂合金被用作原料，且例 如係以碎片形丸粒形式進給注入模製裝置丨的料斗8。由料 斗8至模製機體5内側伸展的通路較佳填充以惰性氣體（如 氬氣）以防原料（鎂合金丸粒）的氧化反應。 金屬模具10之模穴11較佳為用於此注入模製進行的鍛造 製程的鍛造模具（顯示）之成形腔穴的形狀，可獲得注入模 製產品之半成品（鍛材）具有類似隨後製程將獲得的產物锻 件形狀。 如此可將鍛造製程簡化成為僅單一最終鍛造製程，且可 锻造甚至具有複雜形狀的元件。此外即使锻造性質低劣的 材料仍可毫無問題地接受鍛造處理。 根據習知程序，如圖7所示，於進行鍛材之成形製程（步 驟S51)後’藉注入模製裝置1及金屬模具1〇接受注入模製 之鍛材接受锻造製程（步驟S52)，所得鍛件接受T6處理， 包含溶液熱處理（步驟S5 3)及隨後的老化硬化處理（步驟 S54)。但如前述’根據習知方法考慮有關於溶液熱處理階 段產生所謂的氣泡。若此氣泡出現於隨後製程所得鍛造產 物C鍛件）成為瑕疵，則鍛件機械性質受損，結果無法充分 獲得透過T6處理改進強度的效果，也有損其外觀。因此需 要一種去除氣泡的製程。 如此本具體例藉由設計經由形成鍛材及鍛造該材料獲得88122223.ptd Page 18 464695 V. Description of the invention (15) ---- Structure (not shown in the figure) and the screw placed in the retracted position is advanced to apply a specific pressure, and the semi-solid light metal melt is injected into the metal from the nozzle 3 Mold 1〇. In other words, the light metal melt is fed from the nozzle 3 through the gate portion 12 to the mold cavity. ^ Inside: In this specific example, a magnesium alloy that is a light metal is used as a raw material, and the injection mold is fed in the form of chip pellets, for example.制 装置 丨 的 hopper8. The path extending from the hopper 8 to the inside of the molding body 5 is preferably filled with an inert gas (such as argon) to prevent the oxidation reaction of the raw materials (magnesium alloy pellets). The cavity 11 of the metal mold 10 is preferably the shape of the forming cavity of the forging mold (shown) used in the forging process performed by the injection molding, and the semi-finished product (forged material) of the injection molded product can be obtained similarly to the subsequent process. The obtained product forging shape. This simplifies the forging process into a single final forging process, and can forge components with even complex shapes. In addition, even inferior forging materials can be forged without problems. According to the conventional procedure, as shown in FIG. 7, after the forging material forming process (step S51) is performed, the forging material subjected to injection molding through the injection molding device 1 and the metal mold 10 is subjected to the forging process (step S52). The obtained forging is subjected to T6 treatment, including solution heat treatment (step S5 3) and subsequent aging hardening treatment (step S54). However, as mentioned previously, the so-called bubbles are considered in relation to the solution heat treatment stage according to the conventional method. If this bubble appears in the forged product C (forged product obtained in the subsequent process) and becomes a defect, the mechanical properties of the forged product are impaired, and as a result, the effect of improving the strength through the T6 treatment cannot be fully obtained, and the appearance is also impaired. Therefore, a process for removing air bubbles is needed. So this specific example is obtained by designing forging material and forging the material
464695 五、發明說明（16) 輕金屬鍛造產品時設計鍛造製程及加熱處理順序。可可 地防止此鍛造產物（鍛件）產生與加熱處理關連的氣泡， 可獲得優異锻件（亦即極少有瑕疫且具有規定機械特性之· 高品質鍛件）。 換言之如圖6所示，鍛材係利用射出模製裝置丨及金 具10藉半固體射出模製形成（步驟S1)，及隨後於锻 程 ^前’前述鍛材接受於規定之加錢理條件下之 理（步驟S2)。透過前述處理可預先於鍛材階段產生氣=處 需注意氣泡通常產生為類似皮膚灼傷之起泡形式於材料 面及/或其附近，因此易藉目測觀察偵測的起泡。 如前述，已經預備性產生氣泡之㈣利用規定之锻 而，文鍛造處理（S3)。經由此項處理，預備性產生於料 面及/或其附近的氣泡被乾平。換言之存在於材料(表面： /或其附近)作為氣泡的空腔部由鍛造製程期間施加的壓縮 力被軋平’此部分變成實心基底金屬。 =後锻件於規定的熱處理條件下接受老化硬化處 驟 b 4 )。 ’ 試驗1 :2驗證改良根據本發明之鍛件強度效果之試驗，執行 1列棗沾驗1。試驗結果顯示於圖2。此確證試驗係使用下表 1列舉的兩型鎂合金原料（合金A及合金B)進行。 值= ί自含4或以上百分重量比率…量下限 職稱不舍甚士 ；比之理由在於當鋁含量小於此值時於先前 會產生或妨礙材料均質化的化合物（Mgl7A112)，因464695 V. Description of the invention (16) Forging process and heat treatment sequence are designed for light metal forging products. Cocoa prevents this forged product (forging) from generating bubbles associated with heat treatment, and obtains excellent forgings (that is, high-quality forgings with few defects and prescribed mechanical characteristics). In other words, as shown in FIG. 6, the forging material is formed by the injection molding device 丨 and the metal fitting 10 by semi-solid injection molding (step S1), and then the forging material is subject to the prescribed conditions for adding money before the forging process ^. Next reason (step S2). Through the aforementioned treatment, gas can be generated in the forging stage in advance. It should be noted that bubbles are usually generated in the form of blistering similar to skin burns on the material surface and / or near it, so it is easy to detect the blistering by visual observation. As described above, the pre-formed bubbles are preliminarily processed using a predetermined forging process (S3). Through this process, the air bubbles that are preliminarily generated on the material surface and / or in the vicinity thereof are dried out. In other words, the cavity portion existing as a bubble in the material (surface: / or its vicinity) is flattened by the compressive force applied during the forging process', and this portion becomes a solid base metal. = After forgings are subjected to aging and hardening under specified heat treatment conditions b 4). ′ Test 1: 2 A test to verify the effect of improving the strength of the forging according to the present invention. The test results are shown in Figure 2. This confirmation test was performed using two types of magnesium alloy raw materials (Alloy A and Alloy B) listed in Table 1 below. Value = ί self-contained 4 or more percent weight ratio ... lower limit of the title. The reason for this is that when the aluminum content is less than this value, the compound (Mgl7A112) that previously produced or hinders the homogenization of the material, because
464695 五、發明說明（17) 此不需藉溶液熱處理均質化處理 表1 (單位：百分重量比） A1 Zn — Μη F e Ni Cu Mg 合金A 7.2 0.2 0.22 〇. 003 0.0 0 0 8 0.001 lT1 & 差額 合金B 9.0 士 ^ «Λ 0. 7 .1 ，狄 Γ〇. 23 0.003 0.0 0 08 0.001 差額 材的形成。比較例1所示於注入模製後未進行埶處理案 例，而比較例2顯示於根據習知製程程序進行注入 進行T6處理之案例（參考圖7)。有關比較例2及本發明旦體 例溶液熱處理之老化硬化處理之熱處理條件完全相同， 如後述。 •溶液熱處理 合金A :熱處理溫度為400 〇c及駐留時間為1〇小時。 合金B :熱處理溫度為410。(：及駐留時間為16小時。 _老化硬化處理 合金A :熱處理溫度為〗75 t及駐留時間為16小時。 合金B :熱處理溫度為170t及駐留時間為16小時。 鍛造製程係藉加熱及維持溶液熱處理之熱處理溫度，以 及於本具體例隨後未經冷卻將鍛材直接設置於鍛造模具内 進因此可免除於鍛造製程前加熱處理至鍛造溫度且可 顯著簡化鍛造製程。 又 由比較例1及2及本發明之具體例之各鍛件根據規定形狀 尺寸切割張力試件，並檢視試件的抗拉強度。結果示於464695 V. Description of the invention (17) This does not require solution heat treatment for homogenization. Table 1 (Unit: percentage by weight) A1 Zn — Mn F e Ni Cu Mg alloy A 7.2 0.2 0.22 〇. 003 0.0 0 0 8 0.001 lT1 & Difference alloy B 9.0 ^ ^ Λ 0.7.1, Di Γ 0.23 0.003 0.0 0 08 0.001 The formation of the difference material. Comparative Example 1 shows a case where the concrete treatment is not performed after injection molding, and Comparative Example 2 shows a case where injection is performed according to a conventional process and T6 treatment is performed (refer to FIG. 7). The heat treatment conditions of the comparative example 2 and the aging hardening treatment of the solution heat treatment of the present invention are exactly the same, as described later. • Solution heat treatment Alloy A: The heat treatment temperature is 400 ° C and the dwell time is 10 hours. Alloy B: The heat treatment temperature is 410. (: And dwell time is 16 hours. _Aging and hardening alloy A: heat treatment temperature is 75 t and dwell time is 16 hours. Alloy B: heat treatment temperature is 170 t and dwell time is 16 hours. Forging process is by heating and maintaining The heat treatment temperature of the solution heat treatment, and the forging material is directly set in the forging die without cooling in this specific example, so that the heat treatment before the forging process to the forging temperature can be avoided and the forging process can be significantly simplified. Comparative Examples 1 and 1 2 and each forging of the specific example of the present invention cut a tensile test piece according to a predetermined shape and size, and check the tensile strength of the test piece. The results are shown in
4 6 4 6 9 5 五、發明說明（18) 圖2。 如由圖2線圖顯然易知用於合金A或合金B之任一種材 料，相對於比較例1，比較例2具有抗拉強度改良效果達約 2 0 %或以下，而本發明具有改良效果約5 0 %或以上。根據前 文說明，可確證本發明之鍛件透過加熱處理比較比較例2 之锻件可充分獲得強度改良效果。jis MDI合金之模鑄合 金之標準抗拉強度為230〔Mpa〕，此乃一般實際需要的強 度。於本發明之鍛件之例，合金A及合金B中任一種材料之 抗拉強度皆充分超過此種強度（2 3 0〔 Mpa〕）。 觀察到比較例2鍛件部分產生氣泡’而本發明具體例之 鍛件未見產生氣泡且外觀未受損。 如别迷似佩+ I明之具體例，當製造輕金屬鍛材提供 ^為接丈鍛造製程而獲得輕金屬鍛件時，較佳半固雄_ 屬惊融材料被注入及進給特製模具之模六用於形成鍛二 材於料製程純受㈣熱處理俾便 ::之内部氣體膨脹形成的氣泡。因I = 使此鍛造材料接受鍛造製程 程 或其附近產生的氣泡被,…換言表面及/ Γ tin ft / -V-' -tJ- 呈裁*泡存在於材料 (表面及/或其附近）之腔穴部分由鍛 斗 軋平’而此部分變成實心基底著“加的壓縮力 規定的熱處理條件下接受老化 ；者土使锻件於 度不會產生氣泡的無瑕疵鍛件。 ，可又彳于具有高強 本發明中，鍛造製程之進行方. 理之熱處理溫度以及隨後於锻且Π…、及維持溶液熱處 ^ ^具内固化鍛材而無須冷4 6 4 6 9 5 V. Description of the invention (18) Figure 2. As is apparent from the line diagram of FIG. 2, it can be easily understood that it can be used for any material of alloy A or alloy B. Compared with Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 has a tensile strength improvement effect of about 20% or less, and the present invention has an improvement effect. About 50% or more. According to the foregoing description, it can be confirmed that the forging of the present invention can sufficiently obtain the effect of improving the strength by heat treatment of the forging of Comparative Comparative Example 2. The standard tensile strength of jis MDI alloy die-casting alloy is 230 [Mpa], which is the strength generally required in practice. In the example of the forging of the present invention, the tensile strength of any one of Alloy A and Alloy B sufficiently exceeds this strength (2 3 0 [Mpa]). The formation of bubbles in the forged part of Comparative Example 2 was observed, while the forgings of the specific example of the present invention were not observed to have bubbles and the appearance was not damaged. As a specific example of “Do n’t be jealous + I”, when manufacturing light metal forging materials and providing ^ for light metal forgings to obtain the forging process, it is better to be semi-solid male_ It is a six-purpose mold that is injected and fed with special molds In the process of forming forging two materials, the process is purely subjected to heat treatment, and the internal gas is expanded to form bubbles. Because I = cause this forged material to undergo the forging process or the bubbles generated near it, ... In other words, the surface and / Γ tin ft / -V- '-tJ- are cut * the bubbles exist on the material (surface and / or near it) The cavity part is flattened by a forging bucket, and this part becomes a solid base, which undergoes aging under the heat treatment conditions specified by the "compressed compressive force"; the soil makes the forged part a flawless forged part that does not generate air bubbles. In the present invention having high strength, the forging process is performed. The heat treatment temperature and subsequent heat treatment in the forging and Π ..., and maintaining the solution heat treatment ^ ^ solidified forging material without cooling
464695 五、發明說明（19) 卻。但可接受冷卻鍛材隨後加熱材料至锻造製程。 此種情況下，也可接受冷卻後的鍛材進行機制等，刮除 已經透過溶液熱處理預備性產生於材料表面及/或其附近 的氣泡及隨後進行鍛造製程。籍由於锻造製程之前去除氣 泡’可可靠地獲得無瑕疵鍛件而與氣泡產生程度無關。、 試驗2 其次進行試驗2來檢視溶液熱處理之熱處理溫度與氣泡 的生成間之關係。試驗2係將前述半固體注入模製所得锻 材於各種熱處理溫度（20(TC、250。(：、3〇〇t：、350 t及400 °C)接受溶液加熱處理及於各例檢視是否產生氣泡。氣泡 生成試驗係利用前述表1合金A進行。試驗結果示於表2 ^ 熱處理溫度 --- 生成的[泡 200 °C 不存在 250 °C 不存在 3 0 0 t 不存在 350 °C 存在 400 °C 存在 -年一，w ,八 w观士土 /JIIL 汰 /卜问 於300 C (200 C。、25 0 t及300。〇時未產生氣泡，而當溫度 超過30 0 °C ( 35 0 °C及4〇〇艺）時產生氣泡。 因此為了於形成锻材之後於此材料（於锻造製程之前）預 備性生成氣泡，適合於不低於3〇{rc且較佳不低於35(rCi 熱處理溫度進行溶液熱處理俾便可靠地產生氣泡。464695 V. Description of Invention (19) However. However, it is acceptable to cool the forging material and then heat the material to the forging process. In this case, it is also possible to accept the forging material after cooling, etc., to scrape off the air bubbles that have been preliminarily generated on the surface of the material and / or its vicinity through the solution heat treatment, and then perform the forging process. Since the removal of air bubbles' before the forging process can reliably obtain flawless forgings regardless of the degree of air bubble generation. Test 2 Test 2 was followed to examine the relationship between the heat treatment temperature of solution heat treatment and the formation of bubbles. Test 2 is a method of injecting the semi-solid injection-molded forging material at various heat treatment temperatures (20 (TC, 250. (:, 300t :, 350 t, and 400 ° C)) and subjecting the solution to heat treatment and checking whether the Air bubbles are generated. The air bubble generation test is performed using the aforementioned alloy A in Table 1. The test results are shown in Table 2 ^ Heat treatment temperature --- generated [bubble 200 ° C 250 ° C not present 3 0 0 t not 350 ° C Presence of 400 ° C Existence-year, w, ba, baishi soil / JIIL Tie / Interview at 300 C (200 C., 2500 t, and 300. 0) No bubbles are generated, and when the temperature exceeds 30 0 ° C (350 ° C and 400 ° C) bubbles are generated. Therefore, in order to prepare bubbles for this material (before the forging process) after forming the forging material, it is suitable to be not less than 30 (rc and preferably not lower) Solution heat treatment at 35 (rCi heat treatment temperature) reliably generates bubbles.
4 6 4 6 9 5 五、發明說明（20) 試驗3 其次進行試驗3用以檢驗溶液熱處理之熱處理時間對鍛 件或成品硬度的影響，試驗結果示於圖3。根據表3，表1 合金A用作為接受半固體注入模製的材料。至於透過此種 製程所得锻材，比較例（圖3線圖之曲線j 1及曲線j 2)如同 先前程序已經接受鍛造製程及隨後接受T6處理（溶液熱處 理+老化硬化處理），而本發明具體例（圖3線圖之曲線Κ 1 及曲線Κ2)’根據本發明方法首先接受溶液熱處理，隨後 接受鍛造製程’然後進行老化硬化處理，藉由改變溶液熱 處理時間進行表面及/或其附近之硬度（維克式硬度：HV) 之測量。 試驗3之溶液熱處理之熱處理溫度以兩種方式設定如 後。 •圖3線圖之曲線j 1及曲線κ 1 ·· 熱處理溫度40 0 t •圖3線圖之曲線J2及曲線K2 :4 6 4 6 9 5 V. Description of the invention (20) Test 3 Test 3 was next performed to check the effect of heat treatment time of solution heat treatment on the hardness of the forging or finished product. The test results are shown in Figure 3. According to Table 3, Table 1 Alloy A is used as a material that undergoes semi-solid injection molding. As for the forged material obtained through this process, the comparative example (curve j 1 and curve j 2 of the line diagram in Fig. 3) is the same as that in the previous procedure that has been subjected to the forging process and subsequently to the T6 treatment (solution heat treatment + aging hardening treatment). Example (curve K1 and curve K2 of the line diagram of Fig. 3) 'According to the method of the present invention, the solution is firstly subjected to solution heat treatment, and then subjected to the forging process. (Vickers hardness: HV). The heat treatment temperature of the solution heat treatment of Test 3 was set in two ways as follows. • Curve j 1 and curve κ 1 of the line diagram of FIG. 3 ·· Heat treatment temperature of 40 0 t • Curve J2 and curve K2 of the line diagram of FIG. 3:
熱處理溫度450 °C 老化硬化處理係對材料維持於丨75 X：溫度歷1 5小時隨後 於空氣中冷卻之條件進行3 圖3線圖顯示鍛造產物（鍛件）硬度於熱處理溫度為4 5 〇乞 之例係根據比較例曲線j 2對應於溶液熱處理時間之持續時 間降低’如此發現材料結構外惻出現晶粒生長現象。 因此本例中透過锻造製程獲得的產物機械性質劣化。相 反地’根據本發明之具體例之曲線Κ2，類似溫度為45〇 iThe heat treatment temperature is 450 ° C. The aging and hardening treatment is to maintain the material at 75 X. The temperature is maintained for 15 hours and then cooled in the air. 3 The line diagram in Figure 3 shows that the hardness of the forged product (forging) is 4 5 The example is based on the reduction in the duration of the solution heat treatment time corresponding to the curve j 2 of the comparative example 'so that it is found that grain growth occurs outside the material structure. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the product obtained through the forging process in this example are deteriorated. On the contrary, according to the curve K2 of the specific example of the present invention, the similar temperature is 45 ° i
88122223.ptd 第24頁 464695 ] 五、發明說明（21) (曲線K1)之例’即使於熱處理溫度於4 5 〇 t之例也未見鍛 造產物硬度減低，發現即使於高溫進行溶液熱處理，於材 料結構内部也未見晶粒生長現象。如此於此種情況下，可 藉由於不鬲於450 °C之溫度範圍内提高熱處理溫度而縮短 溶液熱處理所需時間。 此外根據圖3線圖’於各曲線例，只要溶液熱處理之熱 處理持續時間不超過一小時則硬度之降低不足且不穩。為 了透過溶液熱處理有效獲得材料結構均質化的效果，要求 溶液熱處理之熱處理時間不少於一小時。發現熱處理時間 較佳不少於1 0小時俾便更可靠獲得效果。若加熱處理超過 2 4小時’則效果變飽和而變不經濟。 試驗4 其次 相對硬 本試 熱處理 受鍛造 響。結 根據 材料。 後接受 理所得 張力試 鍛造 檢視於鍛造前（亦即於溶液熱處理後所得鍛材）鍛材 度的鍛件抗拉強度的影響。 驗係有關於根據本發明之鍛造製程前已經透過溶液 預備性生成氣泡之例，檢視氣泡生成程度對已經接 製程及老化硬化處理之產物（鍛件）機械特性的影 果示於圖4。 試驗4，表1合金A材料用作為接受半固體注入模製 經由將如此所得鍛造材料首先接受溶液埶處理'，缺 鍛造製程以及隨後根據本發明方法接受老 '虑' 產物（锻件由該產物切割具有特定形狀及尺寸之 驗件，以及檢視此等試件之抗拉強度。 前材料（锻材）之相對密度藉由改變^液熱處理條件88122223.ptd Page 24 464695] V. Example of the description of the invention (21) (Curve K1) 'Even in the case where the heat treatment temperature is 4 5 0t, there is no decrease in the hardness of the forged product. No grain growth was observed inside the material structure. In this case, the time required for solution heat treatment can be shortened by increasing the heat treatment temperature in a temperature range not lower than 450 ° C. In addition, according to the graph of FIG. 3 in each curve example, as long as the heat treatment duration of the solution heat treatment does not exceed one hour, the decrease in hardness is insufficient and unstable. In order to effectively obtain the effect of homogenizing the material structure through solution heat treatment, the heat treatment time of solution heat treatment is required to be not less than one hour. It is found that the heat treatment time is preferably not less than 10 hours, and the effect is more reliably obtained. If the heat treatment exceeds 24 hours, the effect becomes saturated and uneconomical. Test 4 Secondly relatively hard This test heat treatment was affected by forging. Knot according to material. Post-acceptance Tension Test Forging Examines the effect of the tensile strength of forgings before forging (that is, forgings obtained after solution heat treatment). The test system has an example in which bubbles are preliminarily formed through the solution before the forging process according to the present invention. The effect of the degree of bubble generation on the mechanical characteristics of the product (forging) that has undergone the process and aging and hardening treatment is shown in FIG. 4. Test 4, Table 1 The material of alloy A is used for accepting semi-solid injection molding. The forged material thus obtained is first subjected to solution 埶 treatment, lacking the forging process and then receiving the old 'concerned' product according to the method of the present invention (the forging is cut from the product Test pieces with specific shapes and sizes, and check the tensile strength of these test pieces. The relative density of the former material (forging material) is changed by changing the ^ liquid heat treatment conditions
46 46 9 5 五、發明說明（22) 而於約84%至97範圍改變。 圖4顯示當於鍛造前鍛材相對密度不小於95%(對應於生 成氣泡量不小於5 %)時，藉由可罪地軋平事先於锻材產生 的氣泡獲得密實鍛件。結果發現可至少確保260〔 Mpa〕之 抗拉強度’及可穩定獲得高抗拉強度而最大值與最小值間 極少變化。若相對密度不小於90%，則可確保通常實際需 要之餘且約於最大值強度（ 2 3 0〔 Mpa〕），但可能有變化。 相反地，若相對密度小於9 〇 % ’則無法確保通常實際需 要的強度230〔 Mpa ]’最大值與最小值間之變異變得極 大，結果導致難以獲得穩定強度。推定係歸因於於锻造材 料階段預備性產生氣泡量過大而無法可靠地乳平故。 根據前述’要求設定锻材之相對密度於锻造前具有不小 於90%密度俾便確保通常實際需要的抗拉強度23〇 、 〔Mpa〕，更加設定相對密度為不小於95密度俾便穩定獲 得更南抗拉強度。 ’^ 試驗5 其次進行試驗5用以檢驗老化硬化處理之熱處理溫度對 鍛造產物（鍛件）硬度的影響。試驗結果示於圖5。根據試 驗5，使用表1合金B作為接受半固體注入模製材料，如此 獲得的鍛材首先接受溶液熱處理，然後接受鍛造製程以及 隨後根據本發明方法接受老化硬化處理而熱處理溫度可多 所改變。量測所得產物表面及/或其附近硬度（維 HV)。 試驗5之溶液熱處理係於熱處理溫度4丨〇 t及駐留時間^ 646 46 9 5 V. Description of the invention (22) Changes from about 84% to 97. Figure 4 shows that when the relative density of the forging material before forging is not less than 95% (corresponding to the amount of generated bubbles is not less than 5%), dense forgings are obtained by guiltyly flattening the air bubbles generated in the forging material in advance. As a result, it was found that a tensile strength of at least 260 [Mpa] was ensured and a high tensile strength was stably obtained with little change between the maximum and minimum values. If the relative density is not less than 90%, it can ensure that it is usually actually needed and is about the maximum intensity (2 3 0 [Mpa]), but it may vary. On the contrary, if the relative density is less than 90% ', the variation between the maximum value and the minimum value of 230 [Mpa]' which is usually actually required cannot be ensured, and as a result, it becomes difficult to obtain stable strength. The presumption is attributed to the preparatory amount of bubbles generated during the forging material phase being too large to reliably level. According to the above requirements, set the relative density of the forging material to have a density of not less than 90% before forging, and then ensure the tensile strength of 23 °, [Mpa], which is usually actually required, and set the relative density to not less than 95. Southern tensile strength. ‘^ Test 5 Test 5 was followed to examine the effect of the heat treatment temperature of the aging hardening treatment on the hardness of the forged product (forging). The test results are shown in FIG. 5. According to Test 5, alloy B of Table 1 was used as a semi-solid injection molding material. The forged material thus obtained was first subjected to a solution heat treatment, then a forging process, and then subjected to an aging hardening treatment according to the method of the present invention, and the heat treatment temperature may be changed. The hardness (dimensional HV) of the surface and / or the vicinity of the obtained product was measured. The solution heat treatment of Test 5 was performed at a heat treatment temperature of 4 〇 t and a dwell time ^ 6
4G 46 9 5 五、發明說明（23) 小時條件下進行。老化硬化處理係於材料維持於各溫度歷 時6小時然後於空氣中冷卻之條件下進行。 根據圖5之線圖’發現當老化硬化處理溫度低於1 〇 〇它時 無法對鍛件進行老化硬化處理’而當温度超過2 5 〇 c時過 度老化硬化造成硬度過高。已知鍛件具有較低伸長度，但 若對鍛材執行過度老化硬化則無法充分獲得抗拉強度，結 果無法相容地獲得兩種因素於適當範圍内。 因此要求維持老化硬化處理溫度於〗〇〇七或以上，且 佳設2溫度上限為250。。或以下。此外就老化硬化處理‘ 間而言’至少需要3小時來造成鍛件之有效老化硬化 當處理超過24小時時效果變飽和且變不經濟。 — 注意前述具體例係基於採用半固體注入模製 案例。但本發明非僅限於此例，#可有效應用於操材 其他方法來形成鍛材之例，例如半固體鱗ς'法，； 種 Ϊ具H用ΐ全溶融態之輕金屬惊融材料之鏵造方ί ΐ 述具體例係基於鎖合金作為注入材 法。則 其精髓之範圍内就設計等作多種修改與“然可於未背離4G 46 9 5 V. Description of the invention (23) hours. The aging and hardening treatment is performed while the material is maintained at each temperature for 6 hours and then cooled in the air. According to the line graph of FIG. 5, it is found that when the aging hardening treatment temperature is lower than 100 °, it is impossible to perform aging hardening on the forgings, and when the temperature exceeds 25 ° c, excessive aging hardening causes excessive hardness. It is known that forgings have low elongation, but if excessive aging hardening is performed on the forging material, tensile strength cannot be sufficiently obtained, and as a result, two factors cannot be obtained in a compatible range within a proper range. Therefore, it is required to maintain the aging and hardening treatment temperature at 007 or higher, and it is preferable to set the upper limit of the temperature to 250. . Or below. In addition, in terms of aging and hardening treatment, it takes at least 3 hours to cause effective aging and hardening of the forging. When the treatment exceeds 24 hours, the effect becomes saturated and uneconomical. — Note that the previous specific examples are based on the case of semi-solid injection molding. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and # can be effectively applied to other methods of forming materials such as semi-solid scales; for example, it is a kind of light metal shock-melting material with a fully melted state for H The manufacturing method is described based on the lock alloy as the injection material method. Then, within the scope of its essence, various modifications to the design, etc.
88122223.ptd 第27頁 效應用於其他種輕金屬作材料案例。1仁本發明可有 如前述，本發明非僅限於前述 者 46 46 9 5 圖式簡單說明 圖1為說明圖示意顯示根據本發明之一且 製裝置之部分剖面圖； /、體例之注入杈 果圖2為線圖顯示根據試驗〗結果改良鍛件抗拉強度的效 圖3為線圖顯示根據試驗3社果，抱加 時間間之關係； 式驗L果’鍛件硬度與溶液熱處理 圖4為線圖顯示藉本發日月方法製造之 根ns鑄c前之相對密度間之：係；、 圖5為線圖顯不藉本發明方法製造之鍛 試驗5結果之老化硬化處理溫度間之關係『之硬度”根據 圖6為圖表說明根據本發明之一具體例鍛件製法 圖7為圖表說明根據先前技術實例之鍛件製法製程。’88122223.ptd Page 27 The effect is used in other light metal materials. The invention of the present invention may be as described above. The present invention is not limited to the foregoing 46 46 9 5 Brief description of the drawings FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a partial cross-sectional view of a device made according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a line diagram showing the effect of improving the tensile strength of the forging according to the test results. Fig. 3 is a line diagram showing the relationship between the social effects and the holding time according to the test 3. Fig. 4 shows the hardness of the forging and the solution heat treatment. The line graph shows the relationship between the relative density of the roots ns manufactured by the method of the present day and month before casting: Figure 5 is a line graph showing the relationship between the aging and hardening treatment temperature of the results of the forging test 5 not manufactured by the method of the present invention. "Hardness" is a diagram illustrating a forging method according to a specific example of the present invention according to Fig. 6. Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a forging method manufacturing process according to an example of the prior art.
88122223.ptd88122223.ptd
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP10372840A JP2000197956A (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Manufacture for forging light metal-made blank and manufacture of forged member using this blank |
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| TW088122223A TW464695B (en) | 1998-12-28 | 1999-12-17 | Light metal forging material manufacturing method and forged member manufacturing method using the material |
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| EP (1) | EP1016477A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2000197956A (en) |
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| TWI613018B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2018-02-01 | 新加坡科技研究局 | Method and apparatus for forming a liquid-forged article |
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| JP2004519333A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2004-07-02 | マツダ株式会社 | Method for manufacturing plastically processed member |
| KR100748757B1 (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-08-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Heat treatment method for aluminum wheel |
| AU2007202131A1 (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-12-04 | Joka Buha | Method of heat treating magnesium alloys |
| JP5215710B2 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2013-06-19 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Magnesium alloy with excellent creep characteristics at high temperature and method for producing the same |
| US8012275B2 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2011-09-06 | Nissei Plastic Industrial Co., Ltd | Method for manufacturing material for forming composite metal and method for manufacturing article formed from composite metal |
| CN107790668A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-03-13 | 东风精密铸造安徽有限公司 | A kind of semi-solid-state metal thixo-injection molding equipment |
| CN109517963A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-26 | 佛山市罗斯特传动设备有限公司 | A kind of processing and heat treatment process of planetary reducer pedestal forging |
| CN115647257A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-31 | 遵义航天新力精密铸锻有限公司 | Nozzle forging process |
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| US4694882A (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1987-09-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for making thixotropic materials |
| DE3782431T2 (en) * | 1986-05-12 | 1993-06-03 | Univ Sheffield | THIXOTROPICAL MATERIALS. |
| US5693158A (en) * | 1993-02-12 | 1997-12-02 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Magnesium light alloy product and method of producing the same |
| JP3467824B2 (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 2003-11-17 | マツダ株式会社 | Manufacturing method of magnesium alloy member |
| IT1279738B1 (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-12-16 | Reynolds Wheels Spa | METAL ALLOY WHEEL RIMS FORMING PROCESS |
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| TWI613018B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2018-02-01 | 新加坡科技研究局 | Method and apparatus for forming a liquid-forged article |
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| EP1016477A2 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
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