4 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 則 §5S® A7 955 8-—____-__. 五、發明說明（1 ) 發明領域 本發明有關一種新式屋頂之結構•尤係有關一種建構 屋頂之空間桁架結構，適合用於工廠、倉庫或運動場地等 須要較大空間不能有柱子設施之屋頂結構。 習知技術說明 傳統之空間桁架結構如第圖一所示，均 所請雙層結構，係指有上下弦雙層桿件，彼 相隔一定距離，並以腹桿桿件斜向交互連接 間。如此建構成之屋頂基本上具有結構簡單 構屋頂快速，及屋頂承接力大等之優點。因 式空間桁架結構曾經極爲流行，廣用於一般 庫之屋頂。 然而近年來勞工成本高漲，且公共安全 ，傳統空間桁架建構時必須架設雙層弦桿， 交互連接腹桿，如此大量連接之勞工成本極 亦不利業者快速完工，搶得商機。再者，於 之建物使用傳統，鋼結構屋頂，因樑必須非 過大，重量急速增加，造成柱與基礎亦須相 不經濟。至於傳統空間桁架雖較傳統鋼結構 較經濟。但應可更經濟，經多年來施加經驗 問題而改以部分單層橫向主樑取代時，則面 不足及不易確認何處可改爲單層之問題。 爲雙層結構。 此平行，其間 於上下該桿之 ，施工較鋼結 此，此類傳統 簡單工廠或倉 議題逐 再於其 高*施 大跨度 常深導 對放大 系統爲 ，若欲 臨結構 漸抬頭 間斜向 工時間 大面積 致斷面 ，相當 輕，已 改善此 承受力 ---^---_---.---------- 丨訂---------線 (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 419558 A7 _____B7____ 五、發明說明（2 ) 發明槪述 本發明鑒於以上問題，提供一種新式屋頂結構，可縮 短施工時間，節省材料成本，因而節省大量人力及物力。 欲達成以上目的，本發明之主題係提供一種空間桁架 結構，其屋頂構.造組成之元件包含若干球節，搭配桿件， 再配合鋼索施以結構張力，成爲與一般傳統桁架屋頂完..全 / 不同之結構系統，其中除主要橫樑結構爲雙層外，其餘均 爲單層之薄殼結構。 本發明另一主題所提供之空間桁架結構中，係預先組 設好桁架後，再以舉升設備將桁架設定於適當樑柱上，同 時將鋼索拉張於設定在柱子之球節上，成爲經濟方便而結 構安全之桁架系統。 較佳實施例詳細說明 如圖3至圖6所示，本發明屋頂結構之元件係由球節 1，桿件2及鋼索3所組成。這些構成元件可購自立眾公 司所出品之相關產品，其產品編號及規格可如第一表所揭 ^----I ---1----訂·--------線.V,.· (請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 ^9558 B7 五、發明說明（3 ) 套筒（9105) 規格. SS400 SUS304 I 7075T6 | I 1 SUS304 ! SUS304 7075T6 ; i 材質 碳鋼 (9105-01) 不鏡鋼 (9105-02) 在S八企 (9105-03) 1 不鏡鋼 (9105-02) 不鏡鋼 (9105-02) iS合金 (9105-03) 錐頭(9103) 纖 S45C SUS304 7005T6 SUS304 S45C 7005T6 碳鋼 (9103-01) 不銹鋼 (9103-02) 鋁合金 (9103-03) 不銹鋼 (9103-02) 碳鋼 (9103-01) 鋁合金 (9103-03) 圓管（9102} 您 STK400 SUS304 7005T6 SUS304 STK400 7005T6 材質 碳鋼 (9102-01.) 不銹鐧 (9102-02) 鋁合金 (9102-03) I 不鏡鋼 (9102-02) 碳鋼 (9102-01) 銀合金 (9102-03) 螺栓(9101) 磨 S45C SU3304 7075T6 S45C SUS304 SUS304 材質 碳鋼 (9101-01) 不鏡鋼 (9101-02) 錫合金 (9101-03) J 碳鋼 (9101-01) 不錄鋼 (9101-02) 不銹鋼 (9101-02) t 鋼 空間桁架 不録鋼 空間桁架 .鋁合金 空間桁架 碳鋼-不銹鋼 空間桁架 不銹鋼-碳鋼 空間桁架 不銹鋼-鋁合金 空間桁架 編號 1010 1020 1030 1012 1021 1023 第一表 桁架結構元件規格表 --------------------— 訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4规格（210 X 297公釐〉 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4^Ss8 五、發明說明（4 ) 本發明屋頂結構利用上述規格元件組成所欲之一定屋 頂結構後，因利用鋼索3拉張於適當位置處，再配合屋頂 桁架之上曲後，成爲以少數雙層橫向主樑所撐起之空間桁 架，配合薄殼式網格展開平面’使屋頂結構之面積大部分 均由薄殼式網格（即單層橫樑）所組成。如此利用鋼索3 張力，有效降低桿件應力傳遞的累積問題。 上述屋頂結構與傳統施工方式有所不同’即非先架設 雙層橫樑於樑柱上，再分別連接斜向支撐短桿於其間，而 係預先組立而後以油壓泵浦機’同步舉昇方式’將此預組 好之屋頂結構舉起架設，故可節省大量現場施工成本，且 避免極危險之人士高空現地連接作業，即縮短工時，又提 高安全性。茲說明本發明之屋頂結構施工方式，以利了解 其優點及特性- 1 . 首先於工地現場將正確位置放樣出來。 2. 將基座與基座球連接放置於正確位置上。 3 . 依序按組裝圖將球節1與桿件2組合，完成空 間桁架與薄殼式網格之屋頂。 4 - 於組裝完成後，必須檢查寬度*是否與圖面設 計相符，同時在設計有水平鋼索3處，將水平鋼索3裝上 ，但須等寬度檢査結果，如有誤差須調整，使寬度符合設 計値，並將水平鋼索3固定。 5 - 在柱子上按裝鋼索3臨時固定座。 6 . 並於柱子之外側加裝捲揚機，以利鋼索3捲動 本紙張尺度適用中0 S家標準（CNS)A4規格mo X 297公釐） ----------„-----------訂---------線. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 ^9558 A7 ___B7_____ 五、發明說明（5 ) 7 . 鋼索3 —端與基座球節接合’同時鋼索3通過 柱上之臨時固定座與柱外側之捲揚機。 8 . 確定上述第7步騾在每一根柱子上確實無誤’ 完成接合。 9 . 利用油壓泵浦機，同步舉昇方式’將本發明屋 頂結構舉起。 10. 每上昇一公尺，必須檢查基座球之水平誤差 。將屋頂結構之水平面控制住’以免屋頂結構因受力不均 勻，產生扭曲，破壌屋頂之結構體。 11. 逐步舉昇屋頂結構至標準設計高度。 12. 此時將基座與柱子接合並且加以電焊。 13. 俟基座與柱子之電焊完畢後，將舉昇用之鋼 索，臨時固定座拆除，並且移除捲揚機完成屋頂結構舉昇 ，工程至此便告完成。 本發明之較佳實施例中，就薄殼單層結構與雙層結構 之比例而言，較佳每三至五跨之範圍內有一跨爲空間桁架 ，而其餘爲薄殼式網格，如此可達到更經濟有效之屋頂結 構。 本發明之另一較佳實施例中，以拉張鋼索3之橫向屋 頂寬度定義爲屋頂結構之跨度L，而屋頂結構二端所連接 之水平直線高度至屋頂最頂點之距離爲高度Η，當其比例 爲H: L=1 : 4至1 : 6之間範圍時，可達到更有效符 合應力及強度規格之屋頂結構。 根據本發明之屋頂結構，以上述方法配合施工時，鋼 本紙張尺度遶用中國國家標準（CNS)A4规格（210 X 297公釐） - -----.---0------ 11 <請先間讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 4t9558 A7 B7 五、發明說明（6) 索必須施加於有柱子之球節上，此爲本發明屋頂結構之基 本結構要求。 產業利用性 若欲建造一個習知桁架構成之屋頂系統，尺寸以2 6 米X60米（寬X長）爲例，其單位面積之重量爲 · 33 . 68k/m2，而且其施工期長達120天。尤其， 一般習知桁架屋頂於施工時由時桿件較大，須使用吊車方 式完成，且現場施工所需作業空間更大，而因以現場人工 電焊方式進行桿件之接合，其品質亦無法確保。 反觀本發明之屋頂系統，可事先以標準元件組裝，同 樣上述規格之屋頂結構，且符合相同之建築法規要求之強 度及承受力條件下，其單位面積之重量僅爲2 0 . 1 k g /hi2，而施工期僅需8 0天。由於單位面積重量減少後， 有利屋頂跨度拉大，在柱與基礎之尺寸不減小之前提下， 柱及基礎之數量可大幅減少，故進而節省大幅之土木成本 。正因爲單位面積重量之減少，本發明特性可應用於更大 屋頂面積之桁架結構，自不在言。 圖式簡要說明 第1圖爲習知屋頂所用之桁架結構俯視圖。 第2圖爲習知屋頂所用之桁架結構側視圖。 第3圖爲本發明屋頂結構所採用空間桁架結構之俯視 圖。 本紙張尺度適用中园國家標準（CNS>A4規格（210 X 297公茇） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------線' 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 ^558 五、發明說明（7 ) 第4圖爲第3圖中沿線A — A之截面圖，其中顯示雙 層結構。 第5圖爲第3圖中沿線B-B之截面圖，其中顯示薄 殼網格單層結構。 ' 第6圖爲本發明屋頂結構所採用空間桁架結構長邊之 側視圖。 【符號之說明】 1 球節 2 桿件 3 鋼索 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)4 Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs §5S® A7 955 8 -_____-__. V. Description of the Invention (1) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a new type of roof structure • especially to a space for roof construction The truss structure is suitable for roof structures that require large spaces, such as factories, warehouses, or sports fields, and cannot have pillar facilities. Conventional technical description The traditional space truss structure is shown in Figure 1. The double-layer structure is a double-layer structure with upper and lower chords. They are separated by a certain distance from each other and are connected to each other diagonally with web members. The roof constructed in this way basically has the advantages of simple structure, rapid construction of the roof, and large roof bearing capacity. The factor space truss structure was once extremely popular and widely used on the roof of general warehouses. However, in recent years, labor costs have risen, and public safety. When constructing traditional space trusses, double-layer chords must be erected and the webs are connected interactively. The labor cost of such a large number of connections is also extremely detrimental to completion and business opportunities. In addition, Yu's buildings use traditional, steel structure roofs. Because the beams must be too large, the weight has increased rapidly, resulting in columns and foundations that are also uneconomical. As for the traditional space truss, it is more economical than the traditional steel structure. However, it should be more economical. After experiencing problems for many years and replacing them with partial single-layer transverse main beams, the problem is insufficient and it is difficult to confirm where to change to a single layer. It is a double-layer structure. This is parallel, with the upper and lower poles in between, and the construction is more steel. This type of traditional simple factory or warehouse issue is gradually higher than its height. Large-span and deep-span guides are used to magnify the system. A large area caused by the construction time is quite light, and this bearing capacity has been improved --- ^ ---_---.---------- 丨 --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 419558 A7 _____B7____ 5. Description of the invention (2) Invention description The present invention is in view of the above Problem, providing a new roof structure can shorten construction time and save material cost, thus saving a lot of manpower and material resources. To achieve the above object, the subject matter of the present invention is to provide a space truss structure, the roof structure of which consists of a number of ball joints, with rods, and then with steel cables to apply structural tension to become a traditional truss roof .. All / different structural systems, except the main beam structure is double-layer, the rest are single-layer thin-shell structures. In the space truss structure provided by another subject of the present invention, after the truss is assembled in advance, the truss is set on an appropriate beam and column by lifting equipment, and the steel cable is stretched on the ball joint set on the column to become Economical and convenient truss system with structural safety. Detailed description of the preferred embodiment As shown in Figs. 3 to 6, the elements of the roof structure of the present invention are composed of a ball joint 1, a rod member 2 and a steel cable 3. These components can be purchased from related products produced by Lizhong Company, and their product numbers and specifications can be disclosed in the first table ^ ---- I --- 1 ---- Order · --------线 .V,. · (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is printed in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 ^ 9558 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) Sleeve (9105) Specifications. SS400 SUS304 I 7075T6 | I 1 SUS304! SUS304 7075T6; i Material Carbon Steel (9105-01) No Mirror steel (9105-02) In S eight enterprises (9105-03) 1 Not mirror steel (9105-02) Not mirror steel (9105-02) iS alloy (9105-03) Cone head (9103) Fiber S45C SUS304 7005T6 SUS304 S45C 7005T6 carbon steel (9103-01) stainless steel (9103-02) aluminum alloy (9103-03) stainless steel (9103-02) carbon steel (9103-01) aluminum alloy (9103-03) round tube (9102) your STK400 SUS304 7005T6 SUS304 STK400 7005T6 material Carbon steel (9102-01.) Stainless steel (9102-02) Aluminum alloy (9102-03) I Non-mirror steel (9102-02) Carbon steel (9102-01) Silver alloy (9102-03) ) Bolt (9101) S45C SU3304 7075T6 S45C SUS304 SUS304 material carbon steel (9101-01) non-mirror steel (9101-02) tin alloy (9101-03) J carbon steel (9101-01) non-recorded steel (9101-02) stainless steel (9101-02 ) t steel space truss does not record steel space truss. aluminum alloy space truss carbon steel-stainless steel space truss stainless steel-carbon steel space truss stainless steel-aluminum alloy space truss No. 1010 1020 1030 1012 1021 1023 first table truss structural element specification table- ------------------— Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 4 ^ Ss8 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (4) After the roof structure of the present invention uses the above-spec components to form a certain roof structure, Use the steel cable 3 to stretch at the appropriate position, and then cooperate with the roof truss to bend into a space truss supported by a few double-layer transverse main beams. Cooperate with the thin shell grid expansion plane to make most of the roof structure area. Both consist of a thin shell grid (ie a single-layer beam) . In this way, the tension of the steel cable 3 is used to effectively reduce the cumulative problem of stress transmission in the member. The above roof structure is different from the traditional construction method, that is, instead of first erection of double-layer beams on the beams and columns, and then connecting the diagonal support short rods between them, it is pre-assembled and then the oil pump is used for the synchronous lifting method 'This pre-assembled roof structure can be raised and erected, so it can save a lot of on-site construction costs, and avoid highly dangerous people's high-altitude on-site connection operations, which shortens man-hours and improves safety. The construction method of the roof structure of the present invention is explained in order to understand its advantages and characteristics-1. First of all, stake out the correct position on the construction site. 2. Place the base and base ball connections in the correct position. 3. Combine the ball joint 1 and the rod 2 according to the assembly drawing in order to complete the roof of the space truss and thin shell grid. 4-After the assembly is completed, it is necessary to check whether the width * is consistent with the design of the drawing. At the same time, install the horizontal steel cable 3 at the place where the horizontal steel cable 3 is designed, but wait for the width inspection result. If there is an error, adjust it so that the width conforms to Design the grate and fix the horizontal steel cable 3. 5-Temporarily install the steel cable 3 on the column. 6. Install a hoist on the outside of the pillar to facilitate the rolling of the steel cable. The paper size is applicable to the 0 standard (CNS) A4 size mo X 297 mm) ---------- „- --------- Order --------- line. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 ^ 9558 A7 ___B7_____ 5 Description of the invention (5) 7. The steel cable 3 is connected with the base ball joint at the same time. At the same time, the steel cable 3 passes through the temporary fixing seat on the column and the hoist on the outside of the column. 8. Make sure that the above step 7 is actually performed on each column. The connection was completed without error. 9. The hydraulic pump was used to lift the roof structure of the present invention synchronously. 10. The level error of the base ball must be checked for each meter rise. The horizontal level of the roof structure must be controlled. To prevent the roof structure from being distorted due to uneven force, break the roof structure. 11. Gradually lift the roof structure to the standard design height. 12. At this time, join the base with the pillar and weld it. 13. 俟After the welding of the base and the pillar is completed, the temporary fixing base of the steel wire for lifting is removed and removed The hoisting machine has completed the lifting of the roof structure, and the project is now complete. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in terms of the ratio of the thin shell single-layer structure to the double-layer structure, it is preferable that one span in the range of three to five spans be The space truss, and the rest are thin-shell grids, so as to achieve a more cost-effective roof structure. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lateral roof width of the tensioned steel cable 3 is defined as the span L of the roof structure, The distance from the horizontal straight line connected to the two ends of the roof structure to the top of the roof is the height Η. When the ratio is in the range of H: L = 1: 4 to 1: 6, it can achieve more effective compliance with stress and strength specifications. According to the roof structure of the present invention, when used in conjunction with the construction method described above, the paper size of steel paper is rounded to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)------.--- 0 ------ 11 < Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 4t9558 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (6) The cable must be applied to the ball joint with pillars. This is the roof structure of the invention Basic structural requirements. The roof system of a conventional truss is sized as 26 meters by 60 meters (width x length) as an example. Its weight per unit area is 33.68k / m2, and its construction period is up to 120 days. In particular, general customs It is known that when the truss roof is constructed, the members are large at the time, and must be completed by cranes, and the work space required on site construction is larger, and the quality of the members cannot be ensured due to the manual welding of the members on site. The invented roof system can be assembled with standard components in advance. The roof structure with the same specifications as above and meets the same strength and bearing conditions required by the building regulations, the weight per unit area is only 20.1 kg / hi2, and The construction period only takes 80 days. After the weight per unit area is reduced, it is favorable for the span of the roof to be enlarged, and before the size of the columns and the foundation is not reduced, the number of columns and foundations can be greatly reduced, thereby further saving substantial civil costs. Because the weight per unit area is reduced, the characteristics of the present invention can be applied to a truss structure with a larger roof area, and it goes without saying. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 is a top view of a truss structure used in a conventional roof. Figure 2 is a side view of the truss structure used in the conventional roof. Figure 3 is a top view of the space truss structure used in the roof structure of the present invention. This paper size applies to the China National Standard (CNS > A4 size (210 X 297 cm)) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order -------- -Line 'Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 ^ 558 V. Description of the Invention (7) Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 3, which shows the double-layer structure. Figure 5 is the first The cross-sectional view along line BB in Figure 3 shows a thin shell grid single-layer structure. 'Figure 6 is a side view of the long side of the space truss structure used in the roof structure of the present invention. [Explanation of Symbols] 1 Ball joint 2 Member 3 Rope (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
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經濟部智慧財產局員工消f合作社印M -"TO'- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梏準（CNS)A4規格（210x297公t )Employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Cooperative Association M-" TO'- This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (210x297mmt)