第87101201號專利申請案 中文說明書修正頁(89年3月） «修正 B7 補充 五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印衷 元’其中類示了頻穿濾器及其相關立體照片元件之 列。 元件符號說明 10 光學波導 300 立體照片元件 12 兩輸入槔緣 3 02 低折射率材料 14 下輸出表面 304 選擇性折射公質 16 上輸出表面 3 10 光閥 20 光源 320 反射圖素電極 30 電控光閥組件 330 梯度率透鏡 40 選擇性擴散器 3 4 0a 内梯度率透鏡 5 0 解析格室 340b 内梯度率透鏡 52 光分離特徵 340c 内梯度率透鏡 54 V槽之面 34 1 聚焦影像區域 56 解析格室5 0之一側 3 50 U型道组件 5 8 解析格室5 0之一側 3 5 2 輸入面 60 梯形光線分離特徵 3 54 輸出面 62 斜角相對側 3 56 光閥層 70 相對斜角切口 3 5 8 電極材料層 72 表面 360 角表面 100 電極層 400 轉動稜鏡 110 光閥層 4 10 光管 120 反射層 420 鋸齒輸入表面 122 反射圖素電極 500 波導 130 基材 504 下表面 200 第二波導 508 頂表面 202 解析格室 5 10 選擇性鋸齒邊緣 204 0\51\51615*1 壁 DOCLLM 520 -6- 頻穿濾器 排 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（21 Οχ297公着） (ά------ΐτ-----.^ {請先聞讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明（-1 ) ~~~' ~ " 相關應用之交又參照 本應用係於1997年2月7g申社士 t q甲美國臨時應用序號 60/037,842 '，及1997年7月2日由社，“ 占站 日申请之美國臨時應用序號 60/051,546。 發明背景 此處所述之裝置有關反射式顯示器，且特別是利用多種 不同光閥之反射式顯示器。 本顯示器概括缺乏-或多種歸入電視广顯示器之下列特徵：《 小型包裝、高色彩解析度、較高單色解析度、高耀度、高 色彩忠實度、寬灰階動態範圍、，高對比、高度多重撞擊、 敏銳度、寬視角及高度周圍斥光-性，因爲利用目前顯示器 技術本身設計上之取捨所致，很難在單一顯示器中得到所 有上述特徵。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 ---------装-- 〈请先閲讀背面之注意事項再嚐‘本頁) 線 例如，當一大致校準不良背光，加以综合一位於液晶顯 示圖素與一擴散登幕間之必須分隔間隙時，將產生顯示器 之敏銳度損失，另外，因爲沒有分隔螢幕元件，故需使用 未校準光線，以提供可接受之視角範圍，然而，穿過液晶 顯示圖素之未準直光線使用，造成了不佳之倒光及較大視 角上之對比損失’藉由多種市售補償底片之任一種，可降 低這種效果，然而，此種底片進一步降低了顯示器之耀 度’許多這種情形中，大幅改良了對比，然而，該較低之 耀度亦減少了灰階動態範圍。 因此，有一對於展現上述所有或大多數顯示器特徵的顯 示器之需求。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐〉 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 第87101201號專利申請案 — 中文說明書修正頁(89年3月)抑「· A7修^^ -\年補香 五、發明説明（） U~··---一^ 5 3 0 折射介質層 560 立體照片元件 532 上表面 570 氣隙 540 光閥 600 階梯鏡 5 50 電極組件 620 擴散器結構 本發明之説明 本發明用以克服先前技藝之不具效率情形且同時提供一 低成本顯示器’本發明之設計即用以從一遠高強度空間集 中光源接受一預準直光，以代替通常配置以照明顯示器邊 緣光線並放置顯示器後方之螢光燈，大多數先前技藝之背 光裝置並未利用預準直光線，已由Etendue計算出：如螢光 燈等大面積光源’具有一極有限對座餘及其他陽光下可讀 取顯示器提供所需程度高耀度之_能力，因此本發明旨在利 用強烈之空間集中光源，如金屬画化物HID，藉由其優良 之Etendue性質，具有提供所需較高耀度之潛能。 藉由較少件數之元件及本發明所述立體照片顯示器所需 之較少製造步驟，提供了較低成本之可能性。 圖1顯示一反射式顯示器裝置，該顯示器具有一光學波導 1 〇 ’其係由產生準直或近準直光源2 0照明，誓如，可利用 預先準直至一 6度錐半角（空氣中）内之白光，該光較佳爲平 面偏光’並由兩相對輸入埠緣1 2射入波導1 〇，以改良波導 10沿線光密度之均勻性，此情形之達成可藉由兩分隔源或 單一源’及光至波導1 0兩輸入埠緣1 2之適當分道作用，無 電極高密度放電體，及其他高密度放電燈如氙及汞化氙與 鎢絲燈，以及其他能夠自一小容積區域射光之燈，皆可用 作光源。 一電控光閥組件30相鄰波導10之下輸出表面14，接受來 〇;\51\5I6IS.1.D〇〇LLM - 6a ** 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準（CNS ) A4規格（2I0X297公釐） .fl .裝I I I 訂 線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、 發明説明（2 ' 附圖簡介 將考量下列詳細説明及附圖，而明顯得知此處尚未列舉 之其他目的~及優點，及一較完整之了解，其中： 圖1爲一反射式顯示器之一正視圖； 圖2爲圖1+顯示器之波導之一部分透視圖； 圖3爲波導之一格室之一正視圖； 圖3A爲設有一替代光分離波導之一正視圖； 圖4爲設有一替代反射元I之波導、之一剖視圖； 圖5爲設有光閥之一反射式顯示器之一正視圖； 圖6爲設有第二波導之一反射式·顯示器之一正視圖； 圖7爲彩色顯示器之波導之二部分透視圖； 圖8爲具有容積立體照片之反射.式顧示器之一正視圖； 圖8 A爲圖8之波導其下输i表暴之二.厲录其中顯示相 鄰梯度率透鏡及容積立體照4元件之一排列； 圖9爲設有容積立體照片元件及梯度率透鏡之_波導其__ 剖视圖； 圖10爲用以重新導向光線之U型組件之一透視圖； 圖、1 1爲用以將光線射入反射式顯示器之波導之_轉動棱 鏡之一剖視圖.； 經濟部中央榡準局貝工消費合作社印製 圖1 2爲利用粮象光濾器及容積立體照片元件之—反射$ 顯示器之一正視圖； 圖1 3爲階梯式.及身式元件之視圖； 圖Μ爲設有擴散器之折射介質冬一剖視圖；及 阖15爲圖12之蘇示器其折射介質之上輸出表面令—的 〜圃 • 5- 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS )八4%格（2丨0Χ297公釐） 第87101201號專利申請案 中文說明書修正頁(89年3月） «修正 B7 補充 五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印衷 元’其中類示了頻穿濾器及其相關立體照片元件之 列。 元件符號說明 10 光學波導 300 立體照片元件 12 兩輸入槔緣 3 02 低折射率材料 14 下輸出表面 304 選擇性折射公質 16 上輸出表面 3 10 光閥 20 光源 320 反射圖素電極 30 電控光閥組件 330 梯度率透鏡 40 選擇性擴散器 3 4 0a 内梯度率透鏡 5 0 解析格室 340b 内梯度率透鏡 52 光分離特徵 340c 内梯度率透鏡 54 V槽之面 34 1 聚焦影像區域 56 解析格室5 0之一側 3 50 U型道组件 5 8 解析格室5 0之一側 3 5 2 輸入面 60 梯形光線分離特徵 3 54 輸出面 62 斜角相對側 3 56 光閥層 70 相對斜角切口 3 5 8 電極材料層 72 表面 360 角表面 100 電極層 400 轉動稜鏡 110 光閥層 4 10 光管 120 反射層 420 鋸齒輸入表面 122 反射圖素電極 500 波導 130 基材 504 下表面 200 第二波導 508 頂表面 202 解析格室 5 10 選擇性鋸齒邊緣 204 0\51\51615*1 壁 DOCLLM 520 -6- 頻穿濾器 排 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（21 Οχ297公着） (ά------ΐτ-----.^ {請先聞讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 第87101201號專利申請案 — 中文說明書修正頁(89年3月)抑「· A7修^^ -\年補香 五、發明説明（） U~··---一^ 5 3 0 折射介質層 560 立體照片元件 532 上表面 570 氣隙 540 光閥 600 階梯鏡 5 50 電極組件 620 擴散器結構 本發明之説明 本發明用以克服先前技藝之不具效率情形且同時提供一 低成本顯示器’本發明之設計即用以從一遠高強度空間集 中光源接受一預準直光，以代替通常配置以照明顯示器邊 緣光線並放置顯示器後方之螢光燈，大多數先前技藝之背 光裝置並未利用預準直光線，已由Etendue計算出：如螢光 燈等大面積光源’具有一極有限對座餘及其他陽光下可讀 取顯示器提供所需程度高耀度之_能力，因此本發明旨在利 用強烈之空間集中光源，如金屬画化物HID，藉由其優良 之Etendue性質，具有提供所需較高耀度之潛能。 藉由較少件數之元件及本發明所述立體照片顯示器所需 之較少製造步驟，提供了較低成本之可能性。 圖1顯示一反射式顯示器裝置，該顯示器具有一光學波導 1 〇 ’其係由產生準直或近準直光源2 0照明，誓如，可利用 預先準直至一 6度錐半角（空氣中）内之白光，該光較佳爲平 面偏光’並由兩相對輸入埠緣1 2射入波導1 〇，以改良波導 10沿線光密度之均勻性，此情形之達成可藉由兩分隔源或 單一源’及光至波導1 0兩輸入埠緣1 2之適當分道作用，無 電極高密度放電體，及其他高密度放電燈如氙及汞化氙與 鎢絲燈，以及其他能夠自一小容積區域射光之燈，皆可用 作光源。 一電控光閥組件30相鄰波導10之下輸出表面14，接受來 〇;\51\5I6IS.1.D〇〇LLM - 6a ** 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準（CNS ) A4規格（2I0X297公釐） .fl .裝I I I 訂 線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -I A7 B7 經濟部中央揉準局負工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（4 ) 自下輸出表面14之光線，並加強且重新導該光線，光閥組 件3 0可爲一吸收性、散射性、偏光性、可變折射率機構， 其作業以部^分或完全通過光線或完全防止光線通過，不論 爲何種作業方式，光閥組件30將光線重新導回到波導10内 及一選擇性擴'散器4 0内。 波導10可由一清晰折射材料如玻璃或一塑膠如壓克力或 聚碳酸酯製成’總内部反射將限制波導丨〇内之光線，直到 光線分離通過一輸出表面14及16，波導10之低及高輸出表 面14及16可平行或彼此相對成一角度以形成一推拔，後者 情形中’光線將射入波導1 〇之單，獨端。 如圖2所示’波導1 〇再分成一 .知陣長方形剖面之個別解 析格室50 ’解析格室50之剖面尺寸可選定對應顯示器中之 單一圖素’譬如在一 6x8吋顯示器中，可選擇一設有66微 米X200微米剖面尺寸之解析格室，但當然可使用其他之 尺寸’若該解析格室50爲分離之元件，可藉由利用一設有 小於解析格室5 0材料的折射率之材料加以光學隔離，解析 格室50可安排於一長方形陣列之行列中，或交錯於行或列 中 〇 如圖3所示，有一 v槽或凹塊光線分離特徵5 2浮凸或模製 入_波導1〇之輸出外表面16内，譬如，v槽可具有約2微米 之深度，對各解析格室50提供有一或多件光分離特徵52， 所示實施例中，V槽之面54可彼此垂直並相對表面“形成 45度角，但請瞭解可選擇其他之角度，爲了圖示及説明之 目的，V槽於圖示中相對於實際裝置之厚度遠大於實際尺 請 先 聞 讀 背 δι I 事 項 再 i 本 頁 裝 訂 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 五、發明説明（_5 寸 A7 B7 ----- 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印装 光線進入通過波導10之輸入緣12，並同時以相對方向傳 播通過波導10，當光線以大於關鍵角碰撞一 V槽光線分離 特徵52之一面54時，其將以等於入射角之角度反射離開面 54,並導向爰導10之下輸出表面14,若任意此種反射光線 碰撞解析格室5 0之一側5 6，解析格室5 〇及或總内部反射間 之較小折射率將光能限定至解析格室5 〇。 可選擇波導10之厚度及V槽光分離特徵52之深度以使顯 示器之光分離、效率、及均勻性達到最佳化，當波導丨〇之 厚度増加及或V槽光線分離特徵，5 2之深度減少時，顯示器 之均勻性（耀度變化差異對於雄度變化總和之比値，跨越顯 示器表面測量）將增加，但波導分離效率（波導下輸出表面 通量輸出相對於波導通量輸入之比値）將減少。 不用一 v槽或凹塊光線分離特徵52，而可採用圖3A之梯 形光線分離特徵60，當光線行經通過波導1〇，衝擊該梯形 光線分離特徵60之斜角相對側62其中之一時，其反射向 並通過波導10之下輸出表面14。 另外，將光線從波導10分離之機構可位於下輸出表面1 上，此一結構可用折射性'繞射性、或反射式元件或其 合以反射該光線，譬如圖4所示，相對斜角切口7〇可於下 輸出表面14上生成’其中各切口造成一暴露空氣中之表 72，其完全内部反射任意衝擊該表面72上之光線，另外 表面72可塗裝-如狀反射材料，以反射所搁截光線，々 切口爲45度角，則該反射光線以—垂直下輸出表面“之方 下 4 组 面 若Revised page of Chinese Specification for Patent Application No. 87101201 (March 89) «Amendment B7 Supplement V. Description of Inventions (Central Yuan of Beige Consumer Cooperatives, Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs', which shows the frequency pass filter and related stereo photos List of components Symbol description 10 Optical waveguide 300 Stereo photo element 12 Two input edges 3 02 Low refractive index material 14 Lower output surface 304 Selective refraction 16 Upper output surface 3 10 Light valve 20 Light source 320 Reflective pixel electrode 30 Electronically controlled light valve assembly 330 Gradient rate lens 40 Selective diffuser 3 4 0a Internal gradient rate lens 5 0 Resolution cell 340b Internal gradient rate lens 52 Light separation feature 340c Internal gradient rate lens 54 V-groove surface 34 1 Focus image Zone 56 One side of the analysis cell 5 0 3 50 U-shaped channel assembly 5 8 One side of the analysis cell 5 0 3 5 2 Input surface 60 Trapezoidal light separation feature 3 54 Output surface 62 Beveled opposite side 3 56 Light valve layer 70 Relative bevel cut 3 5 8 Electrode material layer 72 Surface 360 Angle surface 100 Electrode layer 400 Rotating 稜鏡 110 Light valve layer 4 10 Light pipe 120 Reflective layer 420 Sawtooth input Surface 122 reflective pixel electrode 500 waveguide 130 substrate 504 lower surface 200 second waveguide 508 top surface 202 resolution cell 5 10 selective sawtooth edge 204 0 \ 51 \ 51615 * 1 wall DOLLLM 520 -6- frequency pass filter The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21 Οχ297). (Ά ------ ΐτ -----. ^ {Please read the note on the back before filling in this page) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (-1) ~~~ '~ " Refer to this application for reference at the turn of this application. It was applied on February 7th, 1997. Applicant Tq A. US temporary application number 60 / 037,842', and July 1997. On the 2nd, "U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60 / 051,546 filed for Station Day. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The devices described herein relate to reflective displays, and in particular reflective displays utilizing a variety of different light valves. This display generally lacks- Or more of the following characteristics classified in the TV wide display: "Small package, high color resolution, higher monochrome resolution, high brightness, high color fidelity, wide grayscale dynamic range, high contrast, high multiple impact, acuity , Wide viewing angle and high surrounding light repellency, Because of the trade-offs in the design of current display technologies, it is difficult to get all of these features in a single display. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ------------ Installation-- <Please read the precautions on the back before trying this page). For example, when a poorly calibrated backlight is roughly integrated, it is located at When the gap between the LCD display pixels and a diffused curtain must be separated, there will be a loss of sensitivity of the display. In addition, because there is no separate screen element, it is necessary to use uncalibrated light to provide an acceptable viewing angle range. The use of un-collimated light from LCD pixels causes poor reflections and loss of contrast at large viewing angles. This effect can be reduced by any of a variety of commercially available compensation negatives, however, such negatives are further reduced In many of these cases, the contrast has been greatly improved. However, the lower brightness also reduces the grayscale dynamic range. Therefore, there is a need for a display that exhibits all or most of the features of the display described above. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) Patent Application No. 87101201 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Government Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs — Chinese Manual Correction Page (March 89) ^^-\ 年 补 香 5. Description of the invention () U ~ ·· --- a ^ 5 3 0 Refractive medium layer 560 Stereo photo element 532 Upper surface 570 Air gap 540 Light valve 600 Step mirror 5 50 Electrode assembly 620 Diffusion Device structure Description of the invention The invention is used to overcome the inefficiency of the prior art and at the same time provide a low-cost display. The invention is designed to receive a pre-collimated light from a far-high-intensity concentrated light source, instead of the usual It is configured to illuminate the edge light of the display and place the fluorescent light behind the display. Most of the prior art backlight devices did not use pre-collimated light. It has been calculated by Etendue: Large-area light sources such as fluorescent lights have a very limited pair. The seat and other sunlight-readable displays provide the required degree of high-brightness, so the present invention aims to use a strong space to focus the light source, such as metal paint H ID, with its excellent Etendue properties, has the potential to provide the required higher brilliance. With fewer components and fewer manufacturing steps required for the stereo photo display described in the present invention, the possibility of lower cost is provided Fig. 1 shows a reflective display device having an optical waveguide 10 'which is illuminated by a collimated or near-collimated light source 20, which, if used, can be pre-collimated up to a 6-degree cone half-angle (air Middle), the light is preferably plane polarized light, and is incident on the waveguide 10 by two opposite input port edges 12 to improve the uniformity of the optical density of the waveguide 10 along the line. This can be achieved by two separate sources Or single source 'and proper channeling of light to the two input ports of the waveguide 10, electrodeless high-density discharge body, and other high-density discharge lamps such as xenon and xenon amalgam and tungsten filament lamps, and other A small volume area light can be used as a light source. An electronically controlled light valve assembly 30 is adjacent to the output surface 14 below the waveguide 10 and accepted 〇; \ 51 \ 5I6IS.1.D〇〇LLM-6a ** This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 Specifications (2I0X297mm) .fl. Install III Thread (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (2 'Brief description of the drawings will take into account the following detailed description and drawings, and it is obvious that Know the other purposes and advantages not listed here, and a more complete understanding, of which: Figure 1 is a front view of a reflective display; Figure 2 is a perspective view of a part of the waveguide of Figure 1+ display; Figure 3 is A front view of a cell of a waveguide; FIG. 3A is a front view of a waveguide provided with an alternative optical separation waveguide; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a waveguide provided with an alternative reflective element I; and FIG. 5 is a reflection of a light valve provided 6 is a front view of a reflective display with a second waveguide; FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the second part of a waveguide of a color display; FIG. 8 is a reflection with a volumetric stereo photograph. A front view of one of the indicators; FIG. 8A is the second of the waveguide shown in FIG. 8 and the second one of the table. The record shows the arrangement of one of the four elements of the adjacent gradient lens and the volume stereo photo; Stereo photo element and gradient lens_waveguide __ Sectional view; Figure 10 is a perspective view of one of the U-shaped components used to redirect light; Figures 1 and 11 are sectional views of one of the _rotating prisms used to direct light into the reflective display's waveguide; Central of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Zhunju Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, Figure 12 is a front view of one of the reflective $ displays using a grain filter and a volume stereo photo element; Figure 13 is a view of a stepped and body-mounted element; Figure M is A cross-sectional view of the refracting medium Dongyi with a diffuser; and 阖 15 is the output surface of the refracting medium above the refracting medium shown in Figure 12— ~ •• This paper is 伕 applicable to China National Standard (CNS) 8-4 % Grid (2 丨 0 × 297mm) No. 87101201 Patent Application Chinese Specification Revision Page (March 89) «Amendment B7 Supplement V. Description of Inventions (Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, Yin Yin Yuan ', among which Listed the frequency pass filter and its related stereo photo components. Element Symbol Description 10 Optical Waveguide 300 Stereo Photographic Element 12 Two Input Edges 3 02 Low Refractive Index Material 14 Lower Output Surface 304 Selective Refraction Mass 16 Upper Output Surface 3 10 Light Valve 20 Light Source 320 Reflective Pixel Electrode 30 Electrically Controlled Light Valve assembly 330 Gradient rate lens 40 Selective diffuser 3 4 0a Internal gradient rate lens 5 0 Resolution cell 340b Internal gradient rate lens 52 Light separation feature 340c Internal gradient rate lens 54 V-groove surface 34 1 Focused image area 56 Resolution range Room 5 One side of 0 3 50 U-shaped channel assembly 5 8 Resolution cell 5 One side of 0 3 5 2 Input surface 60 Trapezoidal light separation feature 3 54 Output surface 62 Bevel opposite side 3 56 Light valve layer 70 Relative oblique angle Notch 3 5 8 Electrode material layer 72 surface 360 angle surface 100 electrode layer 400 rotation 稜鏡 110 light valve layer 4 10 light pipe 120 reflective layer 420 sawtooth input surface 122 reflective pixel electrode 500 waveguide 130 substrate 504 lower surface 200 second Waveguide 508 Top surface 202 Resolution cell 5 10 Selective jagged edge 204 0 \ 51 \ 51615 * 1 Wall DOCLLM 520 -6- Frequency pass filter row This paper size is applicable to China Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (21 Οχ297 by Monograph) (ά ------ ΐτ -----. ^ {Please read the note on the back before filling in this page) Staff of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. printed patent application No. 87101201-Correction page of Chinese manual (March 89), "A7 repair ^^-\ year supplement incense 5. Description of invention () U ~ ·· --- 一 ^ 5 3 0 Refraction medium layer 560 Stereo photo element 532 Upper surface 570 Air gap 540 Light valve 600 Step mirror 5 50 Electrode assembly 620 Diffuser structure Description of the invention The invention is used to overcome the inefficiency of the prior art while providing a low cost display 'The design of the present invention is to receive a pre-collimated light from a far-high-intensity concentrated light source, instead of the fluorescent lamp usually configured to illuminate the edge of the display and place the rear of the display. Most prior art backlight devices have not Utilizing pre-collimated light, it has been calculated by Etendue that large-area light sources such as fluorescent lamps have a very limited ability to provide the required degree of high-brightness to seats and other sunlight-readable displays, so the present invention aims to Take advantage of the strong void Centralized light source, such as a metal compound Videos the HID, the Etendue by its excellent properties, have the potential to provide high brilliance of desired. With fewer components and fewer manufacturing steps required for the stereo photo display of the present invention, the possibility of lower cost is provided. Figure 1 shows a reflective display device with an optical waveguide 10 'illuminated by a collimated or near-collimated light source 20, which, if sworn, can be pre-collimated up to a 6-degree cone half-angle (in air) White light inside, the light is preferably plane polarized light, and enters the waveguide 10 through two opposite input port edges 12 to improve the uniformity of the optical density of the waveguide 10 along the line. This can be achieved by two separate sources or a single Source 'and proper channeling of light to the two input ports of the waveguide 10, electrodeless high-density discharge body, and other high-density discharge lamps such as xenon and xenon amalgam and tungsten filament lamps, and others Volumetric area lights can be used as light sources. An electronically controlled light valve assembly 30 is adjacent to the output surface 14 below the waveguide 10, and accepts 〇; \ 51 \ 5I6IS.1.D〇〇LLM-6a ** This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 2I0X297mm) .fl. Install III Thread (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -I A7 B7 Printed by the Central Consumer Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 5. Inventive Notes (4) Output below The light on the surface 14 strengthens and redirects the light. The light valve assembly 30 may be an absorptive, scattering, polarizing, variable refractive index mechanism, and its operation is to partially or completely pass the light or completely prevent the light. By doing so, the light valve assembly 30 redirects the light back into the waveguide 10 and a selective diffuser 40 regardless of the operation mode. The waveguide 10 may be made of a clearly refracting material such as glass or a plastic such as acrylic or polycarbonate. The total internal reflection will limit the light in the waveguide until the light separates through one of the output surfaces 14 and 16, the waveguide 10 is low. The high-output surfaces 14 and 16 may be parallel or at an angle to each other to form a push. In the latter case, 'light will be incident on the waveguide 10, single-ended. As shown in Figure 2, 'Waveguide 10 is divided into one. The individual analysis cells 50 of the rectangular cross section of the array are known.' The cross-sectional size of the analysis cell 50 can be selected to correspond to a single pixel in the display. For example, in a 6x8 inch display, Choose an analytical cell with a section size of 66 microns x 200 microns, but of course other sizes can be used. 'If the analytical cell 50 is a separate component, you can use a refraction with a material smaller than 50 in the analytical cell. Materials are optically isolated, and the analysis cells 50 can be arranged in rows or columns of a rectangular array, or staggered in rows or columns. As shown in FIG. 3, there is a v-slot or concave light separation feature 5 2 reliefs or molds. Into the output outer surface 16 of the waveguide 10, for example, the v-groove may have a depth of about 2 micrometers, and each analysis cell 50 is provided with one or more optical separation features 52. In the illustrated embodiment, the The surfaces 54 can be perpendicular to each other and form a 45 degree angle with respect to the surface, but please understand that other angles can be selected. For the purpose of illustration and description, the thickness of the V groove in the illustration relative to the actual device is much larger than the actual ruler. Reading δι I Things Xiang Zai i Binding line on this page The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) V. Description of the invention (_5 inch A7 B7 ----- Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Enter the input edge 12 of the waveguide 10 and propagate through the waveguide 10 in opposite directions at the same time. When the light collides with one surface 54 of a V-slot light separation feature 52 at a greater angle than the critical angle, it will reflect off the surface 54 at an angle equal to the incident angle , And guide the output surface 14 below the guide 10, if any such reflected light hits one side 56 of the analytical cell 50, the smaller refractive index between the analytical cell 50 and the total internal reflection limits the light energy To the resolution cell 50. The thickness of the waveguide 10 and the depth of the V-slot light separation feature 52 can be selected to optimize the light separation, efficiency, and uniformity of the display. When the thickness of the waveguide 〇 and the V-slot are increased Light separation characteristics. When the depth of 5 2 is reduced, the uniformity of the display (the ratio of the difference in brightness changes to the sum of the changes in maleity, measured across the display surface) will increase, but the waveguide separation efficiency (output under the waveguide The ratio of the surface flux output to the waveguide flux input (i) will be reduced. Instead of a v-slot or recessed light separation feature 52, the trapezoidal light separation feature 60 of FIG. 3A may be used. When light passes through the waveguide 10, the impact When the trapezoidal light separation feature 60 has one of the oblique opposite sides 62, its reflection is directed toward and through the lower output surface 14 of the waveguide 10. In addition, the mechanism for separating light from the waveguide 10 may be located on the lower output surface 1, a structure The light can be refracted or diffractive, or a reflective element or a combination thereof to reflect the light. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a relatively oblique cut 70 can be generated on the lower output surface 14. Each of the cuts causes an exposure to air. Table 72, which completely reflects any light impinging on the surface 72 internally. In addition, the surface 72 can be coated with a reflective material such as a shape to reflect the light intercepted, and the incision is at a 45-degree angle. The output surface "of the four groups of faces below
I ---------參-------ITL------.^ {請先閱讀背面之注意事項再-^/本I) 8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) AA^m ( L 經濟部中央標準局員Η消費合作杜印^ A7 __-_B7_^_ 五、發明説明（，） 向傳播，並穿至光閥組件30。 光閥組件30可爲選擇性通過或者完全或部分防止光線穿 過之任意電·控裝置，其可於一吸收性、散射性、偏光性、 或可變折射率基礎上進行作業，一此種裝置爲散射型光閥 如一聚合物'-離散液晶（PDLC)，PLDCs描述於Stanford Resources，Inc.(1995)出版之 Liquid Crystal Displav85-9Q 頁 中，於此處參照使用，雖然PDLC大致爲一單石頁，但其可 視爲區分成"解析格室"或"圖素”尺寸及位置對應波導10之 解析格室5 0。 另一形式之光閥爲一懸粒裝置，(SPD)，SPDs描述於1996年 四至五月 Information Display Saxe^ Thompson ^ "Suspended-Particle Devices"，於此處參照使用，駐電極及反駐電極液 晶顯示器、扭轉向列液晶（TN)及超扭轉向列液晶（STN)主 動-矩陣液晶顯示器、電泳裝置、及改變折射率之光相移換 器亦可作爲光閥。 如圖5之剖視圖所示，光閥組件3 0可包含一電極層100， 如一薄層之IT0(銦錫氧化物）或某些其他電極材料，相鄰波 導之下輸出表面14，一光閥層110、一反射層120包含 一系列反射圖素電極1 2 2，彼此保持電路絕緣，及一下置 基材130如印刷電路板（PCB )，該PCB可視應用所需爲某程 剛性或撓性，該PCB之製造可利用多種基材、使用去除 性（如蝕刻）或添加性方法、或該方法之综合，以產生電導 器，此外，PCB可用以整合其他電路及光學裝置，包括但 不限於光閥驅動裝置（未圖示）、其他系統電子元件、及光 -9- 本紙張尺度朝巾關巧^ ( CNS) A4規格（21QX297公釐） ---------裝-----.丨訂------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再Η,ί本頁) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局—工消费合作社印装 五、發明説明（7 ) 源2 0與其相關電子元件。 反射層120中反射圖像電極122之尺寸與形狀通常符合解 析格室50之尺寸與形狀，但其可有其他構造以配合特定之 應用，若光閥组件3 0結合至波導1〇之下輸出表面14，則使 用之黏劑應‘有一小於波導1 〇之折射率，以確保波導丨〇内 之預準直光線保持於波導之内（由於總内部反射之故）’直 到由V槽52之面54分離爲止。 當電壓施加至電極層100與一圖素電極122之間，兩者間 產生一電場’改變了相鄰圖素電極122之光閥110部分之晶 微結構’當施加電壓改變時，該-結構將由一幾近完全阻止 光線通過之介質，改變成部分加強光射線至一可供光射線 自由穿越清晰裝置之介質，另外，不用靜態作業，而可採 用一快速行動之開/關-亦即二元光閥於一變化能率周期内 作業，以隨時間達成所需之光線穿越値。 當光閥110爲清晰或近清晰時，離開波導10之下輸出表面 14之光線將穿越光閥110 ’直到到達一反射圖素電極122爲 止，且反射回通過光閥110，最後，除非其反射離開V槽特 徵52之一面54，光線將通過上輸出表面16穿出波導1〇， 請瞭解由V槽面54反射之光線爲由圖素電極122反射光線 之一較小百分比，且不論如何皆將於波導1 0内循環。 爲了進_步增加相鄰解析格室間之光學隔離，對應解析 202之第二波導組件200，可位於第一波導1 0與光閥组件3 〇 之電極層100之間，如圖6所示，第二波導200中解析格室 202之壁204可塗裝一低折射率透明層，接著有一吸光性材 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公瘦） ---------裝------訂------線 - (请先聞讀背面之泣意事項存^4本頁). - —……I ^ k__ ___ A7 _____ B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 料如黑樹脂，以完全内部反射未散射準直射線，同時其吸 收了散射之未準直射線，因此避免散射之未準直射線進入 一相鄰解析格室202，另外，可單獨利用一低折射率黑樹 脂，第二波導組件200中解析格室2〇2之深度可増加，以限 制較不緊密¥直光射線之通過。 擴散器40(圖1)可爲任意裝置，其將接受從波導1〇上輸 出表面16之光射線，並將其對特定應用擴散成所需程度， 適當之擴散器描述於由Beeson等於1996年1 2月2日以美國專 利應用號碼08/759,338 "用於擴散光線之光學結構"申請中之 美國專利應用，1995年10月31日發予Beeson等之美國專利號 碼5,462,7〇0名爲"一種陣列之無破光聚合波導之製造方法"； 1996年1月2日發予Zimmerman等之美國專利號碼5 481 385 名爲"具有推拔波導之振列之一種直視顯示器"；及發予 Beeson等之美國專利號碼5,696,865名爲"具有兩種或以上折 射率之光學波導及其製造方法"，所有上述者皆委託予本專 利應用之相同受託人’並於此處參照使用，尤其是，推拔 波導可由吸光性黑粒材料或黑色吸收性塗裝圍繞，以降低 來自周圍大氣光線之強光並改良對比。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 可設定該反射顯示器以提供彩色輸出，來自光源2〇之光 線可光譜區分成二個可見光主色帶（如紅、綠、藍），各色 可接著行經分別之徑到達個別變化之紅、綠、藍列，如圖7 所示，個別顏色將逐圖素選擇，以使一解析格室視需要採 用本技藝所熟悉之多層技術穿越或散射色光，以控制光閥 組件’藉由變化彩色及單色輸入，該裝置可提供彩色及單 -11- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210x297公釐） 五、發明説明（， A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印繁 色輸出及不同程度之解析。 另一顯示器裝置利用容積或表面立體照片計元件以分離 且導引光線，對各色及各圖素提供一選色傳送分隔相-僅有 容積或表面立體照片元件-以分離來自波導之光線，立體照 片元件描述於1970年John Wiley & Sons，Inc.出版由 Caulfield，H. J.及 Lu，S.所著之之 The Application of Holography中ρρ43·49，於此處參照使用，如圖8所示，一立 體照片元件300位於波導1 0之下輸出表面1 4，立體照片元 件300設計用以穿過一特定波長或一定範圍内之光線波長， 譬如對應一紅、綠、藍主色，其"以預定範圍之傳輸方向抵 達立體照片元件300。 ’ — 波導10之下輸出表面14顯示於圖8Α中，其中顯示立體照 片300及相鄰梯度率透鏡330之排列，各立體照片元件300配 合一相鄰梯度率透鏡330，以產生一解析格室50，爲了容 納一立體照片元件及一梯度率透鏡，一解析格室可具有一 3 : 1之展弦比及66微米X 200微米之尺寸，雖然亦可選擇 其他比値及尺寸以配合該應用，另外，若相鄰透鏡沒有重 疊，梯度率透鏡330可延伸超過解析格室50之邊界。 請參照圖8，波長預定範圍内光線及入射角將穿過立體照 片元件300，立體照片元件300聚焦並引導光線穿過一氣隙 <其他低折射率材料302，通過一選擇性折射介質3 04，並 穿越一光閥310，如一 PDLC、一 SPD、或其他適當光強化機 構，以調節圖8a中一分別解析格室50光量，直到光線終於 到達一反射圖素電極320爲止。 請 先 閲 讀 背 之 注 意 事 項 再 〇 I 頁 裝 訂 線 12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印装 A7 ____- B7 ' -~一- 五、發明説明（jo ) 反射圖素《e；fe320將光線反射回通過光閥31〇至波導1〇之 下輸出表面14,到波導10之下輸出表面M上之一點上，於 互體照片元件300之焦點上，其中有第一梯度率透鏡33〇， 根據光閥310之強化程度，幾乎所有、一部分、或幾乎沒有 光線將藉由光閥310傳到透鏡33〇。 請瞭解第一梯度率透鏡330可利用本技藝熟悉之技術，緊 接波導10表面上或下面製造，或在波導1〇表面内製造，或 在選擇性折射介質304之表面上製造，第一梯度率透鏡33〇 以垂直表面16方向聚焦並引導光線往上輸出表面16，可使 用一容積或表面立體照片元件代替該第一梯度率透鏡33〇。 從下輸出表面14上之第一硪度— 率透鏡33〇，一系列内梯度 率透鏡340a-c ’如圖9所示重新聚焦並引導光線向上，選定 個別透鏡之焦距及垂直間隙，以確保往波導1 〇之上輸出表 面16行進之光束不會彼此重疊，因而避免了相鄰解析格室 間之干涉。 對於第一梯度率透鏡340c可選擇一較短焦距，以使上輸 出表面16上之聚焦影像區域341更小，輸出表面16較佳除 了表面區域爲影像區域341佔據之外，皆覆蓋有一黑色矩 陣，該較小影像將使波導頂面上之黑姐陣材料得以佔據較 气區域，以減少周圍光線反射或來自顯示顯示器之散射， 此外，對應紅、綠、藍色，收敛來自頂端透鏡光束之軸可 撓曲以使其分別焦點重合，並產生一三色圖素或波導頂面 上之解析格室位置。 代替了圖8之光閥310及反射圖素電極320，可使用如圖 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2Ι0Χ297公釐） „ 裝--- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再^2^本頁)I --------- See ------- ITL ------. ^ {Please read the precautions on the back-^ / 本 I) 8- This paper size is applicable to China Standard (CNS) AA ^ m (L Member of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperation Du Yin ^ A7 __-_ B7 _ ^ _ 5. The description of the invention (,) is propagated to the light valve assembly 30. The light valve assembly 30 may be Any electrical control device that selectively passes or completely or partially prevents light from passing through, can operate on the basis of an absorptive, scattering, polarizing, or variable refractive index. Such a device is a diffused light valve For example, a polymer'-discrete liquid crystal (PDLC), PLDCs are described in Liquid Crystal Displav 85-9Q published by Stanford Resources, Inc. (1995), which is used here for reference. Although PDLC is roughly a single stone page, its visible In order to distinguish into "analytic cells" or "pixels", the size and position correspond to the analytical cell 50 of the waveguide 10. The other type of light valve is a particle suspension device (SPD). SPDs were described in 1996. April to May Information Display Saxe ^ Thompson ^ " Suspended-Particle Devices " Anti-residence liquid crystal displays, twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN) and super twisted nematic liquid crystal (STN) active-matrix liquid crystal displays, electrophoretic devices, and optical phase shifters that change refractive index can also be used as light valves. Figure 5 As shown in the cross-sectional view, the light valve assembly 30 may include an electrode layer 100, such as a thin layer of IT0 (indium tin oxide) or some other electrode material, the output surface 14 below the adjacent waveguide, a light valve layer 110, A reflective layer 120 includes a series of reflective pixel electrodes 1 2 2 to keep the circuits insulated from each other, and a lower substrate 130 such as a printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB can be rigid or flexible according to the application. The manufacturing can use a variety of substrates, using removable (such as etching) or additive methods, or a combination of methods to produce a conductor. In addition, the PCB can be used to integrate other circuits and optical devices, including but not limited to light valve drive Device (not shown), other system electronic components, and light -9- This paper is oriented toward the towel ^ (CNS) A4 specification (21QX297 mm) --------- installation ----- . 丨 Order ------ line (please read the precautions on the back first, ί (This page) A7 B7 Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives Fifth, the description of the invention (7) Source 20 and its related electronic components. The size and shape of the reflective image electrode 122 in the reflective layer 120 generally conform to the analytical cell 50 Size and shape, but it can have other structures to suit specific applications. If the light valve assembly 30 is bonded to the output surface 14 below the waveguide 10, the adhesive used should have a refractive index less than that of the waveguide 10, To ensure that the pre-collimated light in the waveguide stays inside the waveguide (due to the total internal reflection) until it is separated by the face 54 of the V-groove 52. When a voltage is applied between the electrode layer 100 and a pixel electrode 122, an electric field is generated therebetween, which changes the crystal microstructure of the light valve 110 portion of the adjacent pixel electrode 122. When the applied voltage is changed, the -structure It will change from a medium that almost completely prevents light from passing into a partially enhanced light ray to a medium that allows light rays to freely pass through clear devices. In addition, instead of static operation, a fast-moving on / off can be used. The element light valve operates in a variable energy rate cycle to achieve the required light to pass through the plutonium over time. When the light valve 110 is clear or near-clear, the light leaving the output surface 14 below the waveguide 10 will pass through the light valve 110 ′ until it reaches a reflective pixel electrode 122 and is reflected back through the light valve 110, and finally, unless it reflects Leaving one surface 54 of the V-groove feature 52, the light will pass through the waveguide 10 through the upper output surface 16. Please understand that the light reflected by the V-groove surface 54 is a small percentage of the light reflected by the pixel electrode 122, and in any case Will circulate within the waveguide 10. In order to further increase the optical isolation between adjacent analysis cells, the second waveguide component 200 corresponding to the analysis 202 may be located between the first waveguide 10 and the electrode layer 100 of the light valve component 30, as shown in FIG. 6 The wall 204 of the analysis cell 202 in the second waveguide 200 may be coated with a low-refractive-index transparent layer, followed by a light-absorbing material-10- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 male thin)- ------- install ------ order ------ line-(please read and read the crying items on the back ^ 4 page).---...... I ^ k__ ___ A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the invention (8) Materials such as black resin completely reflect the unscattered collimated rays internally, and at the same time absorb the scattered uncollimated rays, so that the scattered uncollimated rays are prevented from entering an adjacent analytical cell 202 In addition, a low-refractive index black resin can be used alone, and the depth of the analysis cell 200 in the second waveguide assembly 200 can be increased to restrict the passage of less dense direct light rays. The diffuser 40 (Fig. 1) may be any device that will receive the light rays output from the waveguide 16 on the surface 16 and diffuse it to the required level for a particular application. A suitable diffuser is described by Beeson in 1996. 1 U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 759,338 " Optical Structure for Diffusion of Light " on U.S. Patent Application No. 5,462,70 issued to Beeson et al. On October 31, 1995 A method of manufacturing an array of non-breaking photopolymerizable waveguides; U.S. Patent No. 5 481 385 issued to Zimmerman et al. On January 2, 1996 " and U.S. Patent No. 5,696,865 issued to Beeson et al. " Optical waveguide with two or more refractive indices and its manufacturing method ", all of which are entrusted to the same trustee to which this patent applies' and Reference is made here. In particular, the push-out waveguide can be surrounded by a light-absorbing black particle material or a black absorptive coating to reduce the strong light from the surrounding atmospheric light and improve the contrast. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The reflective display can be set to provide color output. The light from the light source 20 can be spectrally divided into two main visible light bands (such as red, green, and blue). Each color can then be passed through separately. The path reaches the individual columns of red, green, and blue, as shown in Figure 7. Individual colors will be selected pixel by pixel, so that an analytical cell can use the multi-layer technology familiar with this technology to cross or scatter colored light as needed to control Light valve assembly 'By changing color and monochrome input, the device can provide color and single-11- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 mm) V. Description of the invention (, A7 B7 Economy The Central Bureau of Standards of the People's Republic of China's consumer cooperatives print various colors and analyze them to varying degrees. Another display device uses volume or surface stereophotometer elements to separate and guide light, and provides a color-selective transmission phase for each color and each pixel- Volumetric or surface stereophotographic elements only-to separate light from the waveguide, the stereophotographic element was described in 1970 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Caulfield, HJ and Lu, S. in The Application of Holography ρρ43 · 49, which is used here for reference. As shown in FIG. 8, a stereo photographic element 300 is located below the waveguide 10 and the output surface 14 is stereoscopic. The photo element 300 is designed to pass through a specific wavelength or a range of light wavelengths, such as corresponding to a main color of red, green, and blue, which " reaches the stereo photo element 300 in a predetermined range of transmission directions. '— The waveguide 10 of the The lower output surface 14 is shown in FIG. 8A, which shows the arrangement of the stereo photo 300 and the adjacent gradient lens 330. Each stereo photo element 300 cooperates with an adjacent gradient lens 330 to generate an analytical cell 50. A stereo photo element and a gradient lens, an analytical cell can have a 3: 1 aspect ratio and a size of 66 microns x 200 microns, although other ratios and sizes can be selected to suit the application. In addition, if the The adjacent lenses do not overlap, and the gradient lens 330 may extend beyond the boundary of the analysis cell 50. Please refer to FIG. 8, the light and the incident angle within the predetermined wavelength range will pass through the stereo photographic element 300, and the stereo The photo element 300 focuses and directs light through an air gap < other low refractive index material 302, through a selective refractive medium 3 04, and through a light valve 310, such as a PDLC, an SPD, or other appropriate light enhancement mechanism, to Adjust the amount of light in each analysis cell 50 in Figure 8a until the light finally reaches a reflective pixel electrode 320. Please read the precautions on the back first. Ⅰ Page gutter 12- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specifications (210 × 297 mm) A7 ____- B7 '-~-5. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Jo) Reflected pixels "e; fe320 reflects light back through the light valve 31〇 to The output surface 14 below the waveguide 10, to a point on the output surface M below the waveguide 10, at the focal point of the interbody photo element 300, among which there is a first gradient lens 33, and according to the degree of enhancement of the light valve 310, Almost all, a part, or almost no light will be transmitted to the lens 33 through the light valve 310. Please understand that the first gradient ratio lens 330 can be manufactured on or under the surface of the waveguide 10 by using techniques familiar to the art, or on the surface of the waveguide 10, or on the surface of the selective refractive medium 304. The first gradient The rate lens 33o focuses in the direction of the vertical surface 16 and directs light upward to the output surface 16. A volume or surface stereo photographic element can be used instead of the first gradient rate lens 33o. From the first lens on the lower output surface 14-the rate lens 33 °, a series of inner gradient rate lenses 340a-c 'refocus and direct the light upwards as shown in FIG. 9, and select the focal length and vertical gap of the individual lenses to ensure The light beams traveling toward the output surface 16 above the waveguide 10 will not overlap each other, thereby avoiding interference between adjacent analytical cells. For the first gradient lens 340c, a shorter focal length can be selected to make the focused image area 341 on the upper output surface 16 smaller. The output surface 16 is preferably covered with a black matrix except that the surface area is occupied by the image area 341. The smaller image will allow the black matrix material on the top surface of the waveguide to occupy the more airy area to reduce the reflection of surrounding light or the scattering from the display. In addition, corresponding to the red, green, and blue, it converges from the top lens beam. The shaft can be flexed so that their respective focal points are coincident, and a tri-color pixel or an analytical cell position on the top surface of the waveguide is created. Instead of the light valve 310 and reflective pixel electrode 320 shown in Fig. 8, you can use as shown in Figure -13-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (2Ι0 × 297 mm) ― Installation --- (Please read the back (Notes again ^ 2 ^ this page)
、1T 線 五、發明説明（π ) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 1 〇所示之U型道組件350，以將來自光分離立體照片計之光 線分道至圖9之grin透鏡330，道組件350具有一輸入面 352、一輸出面354、一光閥層356-係由ITO或某其他電極材 料層358加以包圍、及兩角表面360，光閥層356可爲 PDLC、SPD、或某些適當光強化裝置，該角表面36〇作爲由 TIR操作之反射器，另外，若TIR只有部分或不存在，表 面360可具有如鋁等反射塗裝，光線進入道组件35〇穿過輸 入面352並離開通過輸出面354，光閥層356爲電控，以變化 道組件350之光穿越情形，當對光閥層356利用如PDLC之散 射型光閥時，可將一黑膜或顆粒—塗裝施加至除了輸入、輪 出、及角表面352、354、360之-外的道組件350之所有表面， 以吸收組件350内之散射光線，並藉此強化顯示器之對比。 請再參照圖1，爲了使沿顯示器邊緣之空間需求盡可能地 小’可用一轉動棱鏡400將光線分道至波導1 〇，如圖丨〗所 示之轉動棱鏡400接受來自光管410之光線，並將光線重新 導向至波導10，爲了撓曲進入波導1〇預準直光線之方向， 並增加波導内之總内反射數，可於波導10之輸入埠緣12 上’利用一選擇性据齒輸入表面420、或一繞射柵、一容積 或表面立體照片塗裝，以當其進入波導10時，另向上及向 下撓曲準直射線，例如，鑛齒邊緣可相對彼此形成9 〇度 角，並具有每吋50鋸齒之節距’請瞭解鋸齒表面可完全位 於波導10上或一相鄰波導10之分隔元件上，該分隔元件可 由一光學黏劑附接，或於元件與波導10間有一小氣隙。 選色光分離可以圖1 2所示頻穿光濾器達成，光線進入波 請 先 聞 讀 背 項 再 Π 本 頁 裝 訂 -14 - 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨〇Χ297公釐） A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（J2 ) 導500通過一選擇性鋸齒邊緣510，光線行經該波導，反射 離開波導500之表面，直到光線到達下表面504上之頻穿濾 器520爲止，頻穿濾器520可爲一雙向色濾器、一傳輸單相 容積立體照片元件、或某些其他波長選擇性裝置，其將穿 越一特定範圍'之波長，同時幾乎完全反射其他部分。 濾器520將傳送一選定帶之波長進入折射介質層530，同 時反射選定帶之外的波長，所輸送之光線穿越閥540並以圖 8之對應元件類似功能方式由電極組件550反射，該重新導 向光線接著穿回進入波導500，通過一立體照片傳輸方向擴 散器元件560及元件560與波導500下表面504間之氣隙570， 立體照片元件560改變了光射'線之傳播方向且亦使光線擴 散，結果，光射線向上往波導500之頂表面508行進。 不用一反射鏡電極550，圖1 3所示之一位於光閥540下之 階梯鏡600可用以反射光線，此外，如圖1 4所示，如一陣 列微透鏡等之一擴散器結構620可安置於折射介質層530之 上表面532 (圖1 2 )上，而取代了立體照片元件，該微透鏡可 以如1997年1月28曰發予Zimmerman等之美國專利號碼 5,598,281之”對於利用推拔波導之改良照明之背光组件"所 述方式，於此處參照使用。 圖1 5顯示垂直折射介質530之上輸出表面532之視圖，該 圖'顯示頻穿濾器520之一排列及其相關立體照片元件560， 頻穿濾器520及兩立體照片元件560包含一解析格室570，該 實線、虛線、及折線分別代表如紅、綠、及藍等不同色帶 之解析格室570，藉由如圖示使解析格室5 70交錯，所有之 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再f y本頁) -裝.1T line V. Description of the invention (π) A7 B7 The U-shaped channel assembly 350 shown in FIG. The grin lens 330, the track assembly 350 has an input surface 352, an output surface 354, and a light valve layer 356-surrounded by ITO or some other electrode material layer 358, and two corner surfaces 360. The light valve layer 356 can be PDLC , SPD, or some suitable light enhancement device, the corner surface 36 is used as a reflector operated by TIR. In addition, if the TIR is only partially or absent, the surface 360 may have a reflective coating such as aluminum, and the light enters the channel assembly 35. 〇After passing through the input surface 352 and leaving the output surface 354, the light valve layer 356 is electrically controlled to change the light passing situation of the track assembly 350. When the light valve layer 356 uses a scattering type light valve such as PDLC, a Black film or particles—painting is applied to all surfaces of the track assembly 350 except for the input, wheel out, and corner surfaces 352, 354, 360 to absorb the scattered light in the assembly 350 and thereby enhance the contrast of the display . Please refer to FIG. 1 again, in order to make the space requirement along the edge of the display as small as possible '. A rotating prism 400 can be used to split the light to the waveguide 10, as shown in Figure 丨. The rotating prism 400 receives light from the light pipe 410. And redirect the light to the waveguide 10, in order to flex the direction of the pre-collimated light entering the waveguide 10 and increase the total number of internal reflections in the waveguide, a selective data can be used on the input port edge 12 of the waveguide 10 The tooth input surface 420, or a diffraction grid, a volume, or a surface stereophotograph is painted to flex the collimated rays up and down as it enters the waveguide 10. For example, the edges of the ore teeth may form 9 relative to each other. Degrees, with a pitch of 50 sawtooth per inch 'Please understand that the sawtooth surface may be completely on the waveguide 10 or on a separating element of an adjacent waveguide 10, which may be attached by an optical adhesive or between the element and the waveguide There is a small air gap between the ten. Color separation and color separation can be achieved through the frequency-passing filter shown in Figure 12. Please read the back item before the light enters the page. Binding on this page-14-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (2 丨 〇Χ297 (Mm) A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (J2) Guide 500 passes through a selective sawtooth edge 510, and the light passes through the waveguide, reflecting off the surface of waveguide 500 until the light reaches the lower surface 504 Up to the frequency pass filter 520, the frequency pass filter 520 can be a two-way color filter, a transmission single-phase volume stereo photographic element, or some other wavelength selective device, which will pass through a specific range of wavelengths, and at the same time almost completely Reflection of other parts. The filter 520 transmits a wavelength of a selected band into the refracting medium layer 530, and simultaneously reflects the wavelength outside the selected band. The transmitted light passes through the valve 540 and is reflected by the electrode assembly 550 in a similar manner to the corresponding element of FIG. 8, the redirection The light then passes back into the waveguide 500 and passes through a stereo photo transmission directional diffuser element 560 and an air gap 570 between the element 560 and the lower surface 504 of the waveguide 500. The stereo photo element 560 changes the direction of propagation of the light rays and also makes the light As a result, the light rays travel upward toward the top surface 508 of the waveguide 500. Instead of a mirror electrode 550, a stepped mirror 600 shown in FIG. 13 below the light valve 540 can be used to reflect light. In addition, as shown in FIG. 14, a diffuser structure 620 such as an array micro lens can be placed On the upper surface 532 (Fig. 12) of the refractive medium layer 530, instead of the stereo photographic element, the microlens can be used as described in US Patent No. 5,598,281 issued to Zimmerman et al. On January 28, 1997. The method of improving the backlight assembly of improved lighting is used here for reference. Figure 15 shows a view of the output surface 532 above the vertical refractive medium 530, the figure 'shows one arrangement of the frequency pass filter 520 and its related stereophotograph Element 560, frequency-pass filter 520, and two stereo photo elements 560 include an analytical cell 570. The solid line, dashed line, and polyline respectively represent analytical cells 570 of different color bands such as red, green, and blue. The figure makes the analysis cells 5 70 staggered, all -15- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before fy this page)-installed.
*1T 線 五 發明説明（13 组成元件可緊密包装，其增加 因而強化了顯示器之解析度。析格室Μ之平面密度， 雖然已説明據信爲本發明之較佳實施例，熟悉本技藝者 瞭解可有其他進一步之修正，而不背離本發明之精神，且 旨在對於歸入本發明之眞實範圍内之所有此實施例加以申 請專利。 ^^—」 * (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再1.;本覓) —---I __ 訂^------線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼（CNS ) A4规格（210X 297公釐）* 1T line 5 invention description (13 components can be tightly packed, which increases the resolution of the display. The planar density of the cell M, although it has been described as believed to be a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art are familiar It is understood that there may be other further modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and is intended to apply for patents for all this embodiment falling within the true scope of the present invention. ^^ — "* (Please read the notes on the back first (Re 1 .; Benmo) ----- I __ Order ^ ------ Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Online Economics This paper is sized for the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) )