TW394684B - Catheter package - Google Patents
Catheter package Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW394684B TW394684B TW086108127A TW86108127A TW394684B TW 394684 B TW394684 B TW 394684B TW 086108127 A TW086108127 A TW 086108127A TW 86108127 A TW86108127 A TW 86108127A TW 394684 B TW394684 B TW 394684B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- catheter
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Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003206 sterilizing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 32
- -1 isocyanate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003708 urethra Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical group ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002650 laminated plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011095 metalized laminate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0111—Aseptic insertion devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/002—Packages specially adapted therefor ; catheter kit packages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/588—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by olfactory feedback, i.e. smell
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
經濟部中央標準局I-貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明之技術範圍 本發明係關於導管包裝件,及包裝件導管於包裝件中 之方法。 發明之背景 具有外方塗料之導管為多年來已知者。一般言之,塗 料為設計成減少濕狀態之摩擦係數之一親水層,使導管 可較無痛苦***病患尿道,及需要時自尿道取出。 此等導管之典型例示於歐洲專利說明書EP-B-0093093 (Astra Meditec AB)及 EP-B-02.17771 (Astra Meditec AB)。 EP-B-0093〇93揭示一種方法,用以提供具有包含異氰酸 鹽化合物之主塗料及包含聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (polyvinylpyrrolidone)化合物之副塗料之聚合物表面., 例如膠孔導管。EP-B-0217771揭示形成改良親水性塗層 之方法,藉施加包含具增加滲透性化合物(osmolality-.increasing compound)(如氯化釣)之溶劑之溶液,以保持 在一基體如P V C導管上較長時間之滑潤性。 導管傳統上係包裝件在紙包裝件中,以容許導管在使 用前殺菌。此次殺菌一般在製造時進行,利用技藝中熟 知之技術如伽瑪射線照射或用氧化乙烯氣作氣薰。如果 採用氧化乙烯,必須具有至導管表面之進路,及紙包裝 件容許發生此一情況。傳統方法為用可滲透氧化乙烯之 紙,柵條式塗加聚乙烯,及沿其邊緣密合於例如聚乙烯 -聚丙烯、聚乙烯-聚對苯二酸乙二醋(polyethylene-polyethylene terephthalate)或聚乙'晞-尼龍之層合物_。 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ---------d-- - * ( - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs I-Bei Gong Consumer Cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (1) Technical Scope of the Invention The present invention relates to a catheter package, and a method for packaging the catheter in the package. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Catheters with external coatings have been known for many years. Generally speaking, the coating is a hydrophilic layer designed to reduce the coefficient of friction in a wet state, so that the catheter can be inserted into the urethra of a patient with less pain, and removed from the urethra when needed. Typical examples of such catheters are shown in European patent specifications EP-B-0093093 (Astra Meditec AB) and EP-B-02.17771 (Astra Meditec AB). EP-B-0093〇93 discloses a method for providing a polymer surface having a primary coating material containing an isocyanate compound and a secondary coating material containing a polyvinylpyrrolidone compound, such as a glue-hole catheter. EP-B-0217771 discloses a method for forming an improved hydrophilic coating by applying a solution containing a solvent having an osmolality-.increasing compound (such as chlorinated fishing) to maintain it on a substrate such as a PVC catheter Long time smoothness. The catheter has traditionally been packaged in a paper package to allow the catheter to be sterilized before use. The sterilization is generally carried out at the time of manufacture, using techniques known in the art such as gamma irradiation or ethylene oxide gas as aerosol. If ethylene oxide is used, it must have access to the surface of the catheter, and paper packages allow this to happen. The traditional method is to use polyethylene-permeable paper, grid-type coated with polyethylene, and adhere to polyethylene-polyethylene, polyethylene-polyethylene terephthalate along its edges, for example. Or polyethylene '晞 -nylon laminate_. -4- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) --------- d---* (-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order
-泉 J A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 申請人已觀察到有塗層導管所遭遇之一問題為導管表 面能變為膠黏而附著於包裝件紙,導致導管上塗層損 傷,毁壞或裂脫。 .. 經提出鄰靠紙内表面嵌置塑膠材料,產生僅環繞邊緣 密合之鬆他紙一塑膠層合物,使導管不直接接觸紙。然 而,此舉之缺點為形成一阻降層,阻止氧化乙缔進入包 裝件内部與導管表面接觸。此種包裝件僅能藉照射法有 效殺菌,但一種替代方式為在塑膠材料提供多條缝隙, 缝隙細至足以阻止導管接觸紙,但在需要時,仍能張開 寬至足以容許氧化乙烯進入。 此舉顯然使製程較所需者為複雜。具體言之,塑膠材 料上缝隙必須小心控制,以使缝隙不容許導管表面接觸 紙,且對氧化乙烯殺菌作用無任何阻礙。 發明之說明 . 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 因此,需要改變之包裝件。根據本發明提供之導管包 裝件包括一有表面塗層導管,例如一有親水性表面塗層 導管,及包封導管而容許例如氧化乙烯氣之導管殺菌劍 通過之一容器;特點為容器為内容器,及導管包裝件進 一步包括一外容器,外容器包封内容器並阻止水分進入 其内部。 此種包裝件能克服以往技藝之缺點,同時製造簡單。 顯然,導管之膠黏表面係由於水分在貯存過程中逐漸進 入包裝件所致。 包裝件之外容器可用單層塑膠材料製成,例如聚乙烯 -5 — 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) B7 五、發明説明(3 ^聚(偏二氯乙婦)(PVDC)。然㈣利用包含— 層例如銘之層合物達成較佳水分阻障件。·-般言之Ί 採用鋁與聚乙烯之層合物,使聚 ° 饮浓乙烯位於外容器内邱。 此種材料極易碎,但可藉提一 拉 ^ 货塑膠材料加強外層予以 補仏,例如聚醋或^向聚乙埽如雙轴定向聚乙缔。 申請人亦發現能在外容器之結構中使用氧化矽 ^分阻障件,例如:氧切。將氧切支持在^科 如聚醋、聚對苯二酸二乙醋(ρΕΤ)、尼龍或聚丙缔或 ^Ub1Shl以商標Techbarner-S供應者,及可用作構成外 谷R層合物之-個層。若需要時,塑膠材料之加 層亦可用於外容器之結構。 另一種方式,可使用金屬化膜,例如用氧化鋁之ρΕτ 金屬化膜。金屬化膜之金屬含量極小,對環境較無影 響,但申請人發現金屬化膜為良好水份阻障物。此類膜 中’尼龍及聚丙浠可代替聚對苯二酸二乙醋。 ' 聚氯三氟乙烯(PCTFE)亦為外容器結構之可能阻障 料。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 一導管可貯存於一包裝件中。然而,固導管—般係使 用一次或極少次數,然後更換,故二或多支導管可貯存 在單一外容器内之各單獨内容器中。 此一情況,有利之情沉為每當取出包容導管之一内容 器時’外容器能予以再密合。此點可藉提供再封閉外容 器之裝置而達成,例如拉键或再密封膠帶。 即使如此’長期貯存過程中,小量水分可經外容器擴 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) A.7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 散入内外容器間之空腔内,或若設有再封閉裝置時,在 取出一導管時進入。申請人發現在外容器包括如聚乙歸· 之單一聚合物層時,特別易發生水分擴散。_此一問題可 藉放置乾燥劑於空腔中予以排除。典型乾燥劑包括矽凝 膠囊,分子篩或氯化鈣。 申請人發現製造導管或外容器過程中有時使用增靭劑 或黏膠中溶劑,此一情沉在長期貯存中能導致内外容器 間之空腔發生惡臭氣味。此點可藉在空腔中放置除臭劑 予以排除。典型除臭劑材料為活性碳小囊。 包裝件特別但非僅適用於具有親水性塗層之導管。此 一塗層必定或多或少對水敏感。水敏感塗料之例為聚氧 化乙烯,聚(乙烯吡咯烷酮)(P V P ),及纖維素聚合物如 羥乙基纖維素或羥丙基纖維素。塗料可包含增加滲透性 化旁物如糖,尿素或無機鹽。一般言之,此.等化合物為 結晶形式及易溶於水。適宜無機鹽包括氯化鈉及鉀,碘 化物,硝酸鹽,擰檬酸鹽及苯酸鹽。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 根據本發明,進一步提供製造導管包裝件之方法。方 法之步驟包括將有表面塗層導管包封於一内容器,内容 器容許殺菌劑通過進入至所包封之導管,及將内容器與 導管之組合件充分曝露於殺菌劑予以殺菌,特點為提供 包封内容器與導管組合件於一外容器之步驟,外容器阻 止或實質上阻止水分進入其内部。 圖式.之簡單說明 本發明之具體實例將參照附圖予以例示性說明。 -7- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐) Α·7 Β7 五、發明説明(5 ) 圖1為根據本發明之第一種具體實例之導管包裝件, 包括包封導管之内容器及包封内容器之外容器之圖。 圖2Α為圖1之導管包裝件之斷面圖。. 圖2Β為圖1之内容器之邊界壁結構之斷面圖。 圖2C為圖1之包裝件之外容器之邊界壁之斷面圖。 圖3為根據本發明之第二種具體實例之導管包裝件之 斷面圖,其中包括在包容於一外容器内之各單獨内容器 中之多支導管。 圖4為圖3所示導管包裝件之另一圖。 圖5為根據本發明之第三種具體實例之導管包裝件之 斷面圖,其中包括在包容於一外容器内之各單獨内容器 中之多支導管。 元件符號對照說明 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ±衣--Spring J A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (2) The applicant has observed that one of the problems encountered by coated catheters is that the surface of the catheter can become adhesive and adhere to the packaging paper, resulting in damage to, damage to or damage to the coating on the catheter. Cracking. .. It is proposed that the plastic material is embedded adjacent to the inner surface of the paper to produce a plastic laminate of sunta paper that is only around the edges, so that the catheter does not directly contact the paper. However, this has the disadvantage of forming a barrier layer that prevents ethylene oxide from entering the interior of the package and making contact with the surface of the catheter. Such packages can only be effectively sterilized by irradiation, but an alternative is to provide multiple gaps in the plastic material, the gaps being small enough to prevent the catheter from contacting the paper, but still wide enough to allow ethylene oxide to enter when needed. This obviously makes the process more complicated than needed. Specifically, the gap in the plastic material must be carefully controlled so that the gap does not allow the surface of the catheter to contact the paper and does not hinder the sterilization of ethylene oxide. Description of the invention. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Therefore, the package needs to be changed. A catheter package provided according to the present invention includes a surface-coated catheter, such as a hydrophilic surface-coated catheter, and a container encapsulating the catheter to allow passage of a sterilization sword, such as ethylene oxide gas, through the container; the container is characterized by its contents The container and the catheter package further include an outer container that encloses the inner container and prevents moisture from entering the interior. Such a package can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and is simple to manufacture. Obviously, the adhesive surface of the catheter is caused by the gradual entry of moisture into the package during storage. Containers other than packages can be made of a single layer of plastic material, such as polyethylene-5 — this paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) B7 5. Description of the invention (3 ^ poly (dichlorodichloride) Otome) (PVDC). However, using a layer containing, for example, Ming Zhi, to achieve a better moisture barrier. · In general, using a laminate of aluminum and polyethylene, the poly vinyl alcohol is located at The inner container is Qiu. This kind of material is very fragile, but it can be reinforced by lifting the plastic material, such as polyvinyl acetate or polyethylene, such as biaxially oriented polyethylene. The applicant also found that Use silicon oxide barriers in the structure of the outer container, such as: oxygen cutting. Support oxygen cutting in families such as polyacetate, polyethylene terephthalate (ρΕΤ), nylon or polypropylene, or Ub1Shl to Trademark Techbarner-S supplier, and can be used as a layer constituting the outer valley R laminate. If necessary, an additional layer of plastic material can also be used for the structure of the outer container. Alternatively, a metallized film can be used, For example, use ρΕτ metallized film of alumina. The metal content of metallized film is extremely small, The environment is less affected, but the applicant finds that the metallized film is a good moisture barrier. In this type of film, 'nylon and polypropylene can replace polyethylene terephthalate.' Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) also It is a possible barrier material for the outer container structure. A tube printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs can be stored in a package. However, the solid tube is usually used once or very few times and then replaced, so two or more The branch catheter can be stored in separate inner containers in a single outer container. In this case, it is advantageous that the outer container can be re-closed whenever one of the inner containers of the catheter is taken out. It is achieved by the device of closing the outer container, such as a pull key or resealing tape. Even so, during the long-term storage, a small amount of moisture can be expanded through the outer container. 6- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297) (Centi) A.7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) It is scattered into the cavity between the inner and outer containers, or if a re-closing device is provided, it is entered when a catheter is taken out. The applicant found that the outer container includes such as polyethylene glycol. Of A single polymer layer is particularly prone to moisture diffusion. _ This problem can be eliminated by placing a desiccant in the cavity. Typical desiccants include silica gel capsules, molecular sieves, or calcium chloride. The applicant found that the manufacture of a catheter or outer container Toughening agents or solvents in viscose are sometimes used in the process. This long-term storage can cause a foul odor in the cavity between the inner and outer containers. This can be eliminated by placing a deodorant in the cavity. Typical The deodorant material is an activated carbon pouch. The package is particularly but not only suitable for catheters with a hydrophilic coating. This coating must be more or less sensitive to water. Examples of water-sensitive coatings are polyethylene oxide, poly (Vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), and cellulose polymers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose. Coatings may contain penetrating chemicals such as sugar, urea or inorganic salts. In general, these compounds are in crystalline form and are easily soluble in water. Suitable inorganic salts include sodium and potassium chloride, iodide, nitrate, citrate and benzoate. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) According to the present invention, a method for manufacturing catheter packages is further provided. The steps of the method include encapsulating a surface-coated catheter in an inner container. The inner container allows germicidal agent to pass through to the enclosed catheter, and fully exposes the inner container and the catheter assembly to the sterilizing agent for sterilization. The step of encapsulating the inner container and the catheter assembly in an outer container is provided, the outer container preventing or substantially preventing moisture from entering its interior. Brief Description of the Drawings A specific example of the present invention will be illustratively described with reference to the drawings. -7- This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) A · 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Figure 1 shows a catheter package according to the first specific example of the present invention. Includes a drawing of the inner container enclosing the catheter and the container outside the inner container. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the catheter package of FIG. 1. FIG. Fig. 2B is a sectional view of the boundary wall structure of the inner container of Fig. 1. FIG. 2C is a sectional view of a boundary wall of the container outside the package of FIG. 1. FIG. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a catheter package according to a second embodiment of the present invention, including a plurality of catheters in individual inner containers contained in an outer container. FIG. 4 is another view of the catheter package shown in FIG. 3. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a catheter package according to a third embodiment of the present invention, including a plurality of catheters in individual inner containers contained in an outer container. Component symbol comparison instructions (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ± 衣-
'ST 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 1 導管 110 導管包裝件件 2 内方袋 111 拉鏈 3 外方袋 112 矽凝膠囊 4 聚醋層 113 空腔 5 銘層 114 活性碳囊 6 聚乙柄層 2 0 1 導管 7 . 聚丙稀層 2 0 2 内方袋 8 聚乙稀層 2 0 3 外方袋 9 聚乙稀層 2 10 導管包裝件件 10 導管包裝件(紙層) 2 11 再密封膠帶 0 1 導管 2 15 盤 0 2 内方袋 2 16 蓋 -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 經 濟 部 t 决 標 員 工 消 合 作 社 印 製 五、發明説明(6 1 0 3 外方袋 發明之具體實例之詳細說明 參閱圖1及圖2A至2C,根據本發明之第一種具體實 例之導管包裝件10包括置於内方袋2之導管1,及内方 袋本身置於外方袋3内。導管丨可為例如具有包含增加 滲透性化合物如氯化納之親水性塗層之p v匚導管,如 EP-B-0217771 所揭示。 内方袋2之結構為可滲透氧化乙烯氣。如圖2B所示, 内方袋2由包括具有柵條式塗加一層聚乙烯9之一層紙 10又第一邊界壁部份,及包括熔接於第一邊界壁邊緣 之例如一層聚乙烯8與一層聚丙埽7之層合物之第二邊 界壁製成。DuPont供應之聚乙烯纖維之不織材料 代替紙用於第一邊界壁部份。此一情況下, 另一層聚乙烯9將無必要,因不織材料本人能接熔接形 成良好密封。 另一方面,外方袋3之結構為阻止水分進入内方袋二。 如圖2c所示,外方袋3自一層鋁5與—層聚乙烯6構成之 層合物製成,使聚乙烯層6位於外方袋3内部。外方聚 醋層4支持於銘層5上。外方袋3之各邊緣藉熔接宓人1 一起。典型尺度為聚乙烯層6係“至⑽“爪,鋁層^/係8 至10/zm,及聚酯層4係91 0至20/zm。 曰‘、 另一種方式,一層氧化矽可代替鋁層5,例如一 Mitsubishi以商標Techbarrier-S出售之氧化沙材料,、、層 用氧化紹製作阻障層,同樣可用PC丁fe。 亦可 9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -----------:—Λ—— . - , ·.-' (请先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂'ST Printed by the Central Consumer Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer Cooperatives 1 Duct 110 Duct package 2 Inner bag 111 Zipper 3 Outer bag 112 Silicone capsule 4 Polyester layer 113 Cavity 5 Ming layer 114 Activated carbon capsule 6 Polyethylene Handle layer 2 0 1 Catheter 7. Polypropylene layer 2 0 2 Inner bag 8 Polyethylene layer 2 0 3 Outer bag 9 Polyethylene layer 2 10 Catheter package 10 Catheter package (paper layer) 2 11 Re Sealing tape 0 1 Conduit 2 15 Tray 0 2 Inner square bag 2 16 Cover -8- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs t Finalized printing DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (6 1 0 3 For a detailed description of a specific example of the invention of the outer bag, see FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2A to 2C. The catheter package 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a catheter 1 placed in an inner bag 2 And the inner square bag itself is placed in the outer square bag 3. The catheter 丨 may be, for example, a pv 匚 catheter having a hydrophilic coating containing a compound that increases permeability such as sodium chloride, as disclosed in EP-B-0217771. The structure of bag 2 is permeable to ethylene oxide gas, as shown in Figure 2B As shown, the inner square bag 2 includes a layer of paper 10 and a first boundary wall portion with a grid-type coating of polyethylene 9 and a layer of polyethylene 8 and a layer of polypropylene 7 welded to the edges of the first boundary wall. The second boundary wall of the laminate is made. The non-woven material of polyethylene fiber supplied by DuPont is used instead of paper for the first boundary wall portion. In this case, another layer of polyethylene 9 will not be necessary because it is not woven. The material itself can be welded to form a good seal. On the other hand, the structure of the outer bag 3 is to prevent moisture from entering the inner bag 2. As shown in FIG. 2c, the outer bag 3 is composed of a layer of aluminum 5 and a layer of polyethylene 6. The laminate is made so that the polyethylene layer 6 is located inside the outer bag 3. The outer polyacetic acid layer 4 is supported on the Ming layer 5. The edges of the outer bag 3 are welded together by welding. The typical size is polyethylene Layer 6 is a "total" claw, an aluminum layer ^ / is a series of 8 to 10 / zm, and a polyester layer 4 is a 91 to 20 / zm layer. Alternatively, a layer of silicon oxide may replace the aluminum layer 5, such as A sand oxide material sold by Mitsubishi under the trademark Techbarrier-S. The oxide layer is used to make the barrier layer. It can also be used in PC. Ding Fe. Also 9- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -----------: -Λ——.-, · .- '(please first (Read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
五、發明説明(7 ) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 組合導管包裝件1〇時,先將導管i包封於内方袋2 中,然後將内方袋2曝露於氧化乙烯氣直至完成導管i 殺菌。再將内方袋2包封於外方袋3之中。 經確足導管包裝件1〇提供至少一年之貯存壽命,導管 1之表面不變成膠黏性。因此,導管〗之塗層黏著於内 方袋2之紙層1 0而發生損傷之問題被排除。 圖3及4顯示根據本發明之第二種具體實例之導管包裝 件110。此例中,多支導管1〇1貯存在單一外方袋ι〇3 内之各單獨内方袋102中。内方及外方袋1〇2,103之 結構與前文參照圖i及2 A至2 c說明之第一種具體實例 相同。然而’此例中,拉鏈u丨與外方袋1 〇 3 一體成 形’以在需取出一内方袋i 〇 2時,開啟及封閉外方袋 而減少其餘内方袋丨02與周圍空氣之接觸。 矽凝膠囊112之乾燥劑亦包含於外方袋丨〇 3與内.方袋 1 〇 2間之空腔1 1 3中。活性碳囊1丨4之除臭劑材料亦置 於同一空腔1 1 3中。 導管包裝件110亦提供至少一年之貯存壽命,導管 1 〇 1之表面不變為膠黏性。此外,使用者開啟外方袋 1 0 3時,無有害氣味。 製造導管包裝件1 1 0時,環繞所包含之導管1 〇 1製成 各内方袋1 02,並溶接密合内方袋1 〇 2之邊緣。理想情 況為多個内方袋1 〇 2可在邊緣連接面製成一個單位,故 在需要時可予以分開。然後將各内方袋1 0 2曝露於氧化 乙烯氣予以殺菌,及通風除去多餘氧化乙晞。可包括視 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) - - n -------- I -----1 I, 衣t -- (諳先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 —1 五 3 必 材 張 纸 -------本 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 袋 氣 化 A.7 B7 、發明説明(8 情況選擇之—照射步驟。 隹然後將内方袋102及矽凝膠囊112與活性碳囊Η*收 集在—起。再環繞内方袋及各囊製作外方袋1〇3。最方 便万法為用其中四個邊緣已熔接密合在一起之預製袋 1〇3然後***内盛物,及將外方袋103之第四邊缘炫 接密合在一起。 疋、.豕尽 現參閱圖5 ’根據本發明之第三種具體實例之導管包 裝件21。包括貯存在各單獨内方袋202中之數= 201,内万袋202之結構與前文參照圖1及2八至2匸 月足第一種具體實例相同,及貯存於單—外方代2 ^ :。外方袋203為具有平坦蓋216之其空成形盤215。 =及蓋216均為阻止水分進入内方袋2〇2之阻障材 ,成’及可由相同或不同材料製成。採用相同材料呈 ^利性。適宜材料可為聚丙埽,聚(偏二氯乙 (VDC) ’金屬化膜,及鋁與聚乙婦、聚酯、聚苯 乙烯、聚丙缔或尼龍之層合物。盤215之直空成形之 =其厚度,面有若干限制條件,但任何合理羽 ^又=可用於盖216。盤215之典型厚度為400至60( ’喃圍,但若使用較硬材料時,厚度可降至⑽或加 可為發泡材料製成,例如多孔聚苯乙婦。 ^之蓋…成為-内開:後封閉裝置與 之接觸減至最小。 ^内万袋2。2與周圍空 導管包裝件210之製造方法為將曝露於殺菌劑如氧 11 - 尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210^7^-V. Description of the invention (7) When printing the combined catheter package 10 by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the catheter i is first enclosed in an inner square bag 2 and then the inner square bag 2 is exposed to ethylene oxide gas until Complete sterilization of catheter i. The inner square bag 2 is enclosed in the outer square bag 3. It is confirmed that the catheter package 10 has a storage life of at least one year, and the surface of the catheter 1 does not become adhesive. Therefore, the problem that the coating of the catheter adheres to the paper layer 10 of the inner bag 2 and is damaged is eliminated. 3 and 4 show a catheter package 110 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this example, the plurality of catheters 101 are stored in individual inner square bags 102 in a single outer square bag 03. The structure of the inner and outer bags 102, 103 is the same as the first specific example described earlier with reference to Figs. I and 2A to 2c. However, 'in this example, the zipper u 丨 is formed integrally with the outer bag 1 〇3' to open and close the outer bag when it is necessary to take out an inner bag 〇2 to reduce the remaining inner bag 丨 02 and the surrounding air. contact. The desiccant of the silicone gel capsule 112 is also contained in the cavity 1 13 between the outer bag 103 and the inner bag 102. The deodorant materials of the activated carbon capsules 1 and 4 are also placed in the same cavity 1 1 3. The catheter package 110 also provides a shelf life of at least one year, and the surface of the catheter 101 does not become adhesive. In addition, when the user opens the outer bag 103, there is no harmful odor. When the catheter package 1 10 is manufactured, each inner bag 10 02 is made around the contained catheter 101 and the edges of the inner bag 100 are welded tightly. Ideally, multiple inner pockets 102 can be made into one unit on the edge connection surface, so they can be separated when needed. Then, each inner square bag was exposed to ethylene oxide gas for sterilization, and ventilated to remove excess ethyl acetate. Can include view-10- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm)--n -------- I ----- 1 I, clothing t-(谙 先Read the notes on the reverse side and fill out this page) Order—1 May 3 sheets of paper must be printed —---- The printed bag gasification of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A.7 B7, invention description (8 cases Choice—irradiation step. 隹 Then collect the inner bag 102 and the silicone gel bag 112 and the activated carbon bag Η *. Then wrap the inner bag and each bag to make an outer bag 103. The most convenient way is Use the prefabricated bag 103 whose four edges have been welded and sealed together, then insert the inner container, and the fourth edge of the outer bag 103 is sealed and sealed together. 疋 、. 豕A catheter package 21 according to a third specific example of the present invention. Includes the number stored in each individual inner square bag 202 = 201. The structure of the inner ten thousand bags 202 is as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 28. A specific example is the same, and stored in a single-external generation 2 ^ :. The outer bag 203 is an empty forming tray 215 with a flat cover 216. Both the cover and the cover 216 are water-blocking The barrier material entering the inner square bag 200 is made of the same or different materials. It is beneficial to use the same material. Suitable materials can be polypropylene, poly (dichloroethylene (VDC) 'metallized Film, and laminates of aluminum and polyethylene, polyester, polystyrene, polypropylene, or nylon. The straight shape of the disc 215 = its thickness, there are certain restrictions on the surface, but any reasonable plume = available The cover 216. The typical thickness of the plate 215 is 400 to 60 ('Wan Wai, but if a harder material is used, the thickness can be reduced to ⑽ or can be made of a foam material, such as porous polystyrene. ^ 的Cover ... become-inside opened: The rear closure device is minimized in contact with it. ^ Inner bag 2.2. The manufacturing method of the surrounding 210 with the surrounding empty catheter package 210 is to expose to germicidal agents such as oxygen 11-the size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210 ^ 7 ^-
.A 7 B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 乙烯氣之各内方袋202收集在一起,然後環繞内方袋製 作外方袋203。最便利之方法為將各内方袋202置於外 方袋203之其空成形盤215之空腔内,然後將蓋216之 邊緣溶接密合於盤215上。如圖中所示,盤215之深度 可選擇成容納一層以上之導管201於其中。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐).A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The inner square bags 202 of ethylene gas are collected together, and then the inner square bags are made into outer square bags 203. The most convenient method is to place each inner square bag 202 in the cavity of the empty forming plate 215 of the outer square bag 203, and then weld the edges of the lid 216 to the plate 215. As shown in the figure, the depth of the disc 215 can be selected to accommodate more than one layer of the catheter 201 therein. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -12- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE9602352A SE9602352D0 (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1996-06-14 | Catheter package |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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TW394684B true TW394684B (en) | 2000-06-21 |
Family
ID=20403006
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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TW086108127A TW394684B (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-12 | Catheter package |
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US (1) | US6065597A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0910425B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000512179A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1146449C (en) |
AR (1) | AR008232A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE253951T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU708095B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9709573A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2256517C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ292329B6 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69726148T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0910425T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2210540T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU222366B1 (en) |
ID (1) | ID19494A (en) |
IL (1) | IL127207A (en) |
IS (1) | IS4912A (en) |
NO (1) | NO312500B1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ332966A (en) |
PL (1) | PL186214B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT910425E (en) |
RU (1) | RU2184573C2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE9602352D0 (en) |
TR (1) | TR199802579T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW394684B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997047349A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA975223B (en) |
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-
1996
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-
1997
- 1997-06-12 HU HU9902841A patent/HU222366B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-06-12 DE DE69726148T patent/DE69726148T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 DK DK97927576T patent/DK0910425T3/en active
- 1997-06-12 TR TR1998/02579T patent/TR199802579T2/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 JP JP10501524A patent/JP2000512179A/en active Pending
- 1997-06-12 ES ES97927576T patent/ES2210540T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 AT AT97927576T patent/ATE253951T1/en active
- 1997-06-12 IL IL12720797A patent/IL127207A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-12 PT PT97927576T patent/PT910425E/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 NZ NZ332966A patent/NZ332966A/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 US US08/875,345 patent/US6065597A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 PL PL97330472A patent/PL186214B1/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 RU RU99100641/14A patent/RU2184573C2/en active
- 1997-06-12 TW TW086108127A patent/TW394684B/en active
- 1997-06-12 EP EP97927576A patent/EP0910425B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 CA CA002256517A patent/CA2256517C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 BR BR9709573A patent/BR9709573A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-12 ZA ZA9705223A patent/ZA975223B/en unknown
- 1997-06-12 CN CNB971954925A patent/CN1146449C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-12 CZ CZ19984082A patent/CZ292329B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-12 WO PCT/SE1997/001033 patent/WO1997047349A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-06-12 AU AU32010/97A patent/AU708095B2/en not_active Expired
- 1997-06-13 AR ARP970102608A patent/AR008232A1/en unknown
- 1997-06-13 ID IDP972036A patent/ID19494A/en unknown
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1998
- 1998-11-30 IS IS4912A patent/IS4912A/en unknown
- 1998-12-09 NO NO19985765A patent/NO312500B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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