31S_ - 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、 發明説明（3 ) 1 | 發 明 背 景 1 I 本 發 明 係 有 閭 於 用 於 感 應 電 動 機 之 負 載 狀 態 檢 測 裝 置 1 1 | 及 用 於 此 同 一 裝 置 之 負 載 狀 態 檢 測 方 法 0 請 1 1 於 此 將 Μ 由 反 相 器 所 驅 動 之 三 相 感 應 電 動 機 之 負 載 不 先 閱 1 | 讀 1 | 平 衡 檢 測 裝 置 做 為 例 子 進 行 說 明 但 是 本 發 明 是 可 應 用 於 背 面 1 I 之 1 各 種 不 同 的 感 ate 歷 電 動 機 0 再 者 9 使 用 本 發 明 之 變 頻 變 壓 注 $ 1 I 應 用 電 源 供 應 器 亦 不 是 僅 限 於 反 相 器 0 再 1 導 第 18 圖 係 顯 示 傳 統 的 用 於 三 相 感 ttfff 膨 電 動 機 之 負 載 狀 態 寫 本 裝 頁 1 檢 測 裝 置 之 方 塊 圖 0 於 此 9 三 相 感 ate 愿 電 動 機 之 負 載 不 平 衡 1 1 檢 測 之 描 述 是 Η 洗 衣 機 為 例 子 〇 於 第 18 圖 中 f 參 考 數 字 1 1 1 係 顯 示 一 AC 電 源 供 應 器 51 係 一 反 相 器 » 6係- -三相感應 1 1 電 動 機 ?係三 三相感應電動機之負載； 50係安裝於旋轉負 訂 1 載 之 外 部 周 圍 表 面 之 外 側 的 光 感 測 器 0 1 | 當 負 載 7是平衡時， 其旋轉將不會偏離旋轉中心， 且 1 I 此 時 光 感 測 器 50並 不 動 作 0 假 如 因 為 洗 滌 物 聚 集 在 某 一 側 1 1 而 使 得 其 負 載 變 得 不 平 衡 » 且 其 旋 轉 偏 離 旋 轉 中 心 某 一 特 1 定 數 量 時 9 則 此 光 感 測 器 開 始 動 作 並 且 檢 測 負 載 之 不 平 衡 1 1 狀 態 〇 1 1 於 傳 統 之 用 於 三 相 感 應 電 動 機 6之負載狀態檢測裝置 1 | 中 當 負 載 不 平 衡 時 » 其 必 須 依 據 負 載 偏 ΠΠ} 心 率 之 數 量 而 個 1 I 別 地 設 定 此 光 感 测 器 50 0 為 了 可 檢 测 微 小 之 偏 rf*w 心 率 9 需 仔 1 1 I 细 地 設 定 光 感 測 器 50 之 位 置 〇 當 三 相 感 應 電 動 機 6轉動時， 1 1 光 感 測 器 50 之 位 置 因 為 此 振 動 而 隨 著 時 間 而 有 所 改 變 > 故 1 1 定 期 的 位 置 校 正 是 必 須 的 〇 1 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家棣準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 3 318888 A7 _B7五、發明説明（4 ) 太琎明夕槪要 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 載會檢因 流載電 平用較 相假時 輸置電礎瞬將 '數者 負不衡並 電負測定.，比值和值 流裝之基潦於計用 之而平 ， 的 之檢特置值定.，定 電測值為電用並使 機衡不置 定機於和裝流特置特 定檢間間定.， ，知 動平其裝 特動用值測電一裝二 特態瞬時決置較告 電不變學 一電一間檢 之第數第 一狀流均於裝比於 應之改光 某應有瞬流值和計於 有載電平用較相用 感載地之 當感括流電差值的大 當負測定；比值和 相 負易器 在之 包電均 的之數 值 在之檢特置值定； 三 測容測 於作置 Μ 平間得次之 於機於和裝流特置 於檢很感 用動裝於之之所之數 用動用值測電一裝 用地可光 。種轉測用值值置值計 種電一間檢 之第數 種易其如本一旋檢一均均裝定所 。一應有瞬流值和計 一 容得用成供一態；平平較特置置供感含流電差值的 供很使使之提生狀置流流比於裝裝提之包電均的之數 提 Μ ，要测此產載裝電電值大數之 此載置 Μ 平間得次 為可變需檢於載負測測和流值計作於負裝於之 之所之 的其改其衡 ，負此檢檢值電差由動 ，動測用值值置值 目 ，所除平明其 ，流而間由其內載明轉檢一均均裝定 之置所免不發致置電礎瞬將數間負發效態.，平平較特 明裝有且載本 '導裝 之基流於計時止本有狀置流流比於 發測而 ，負據可測值為電用並定停據可載裝電電值大 本檢間準低依時檢間間定； ，特於依 ，負測測和流值 態時位減 入態瞬時決置較在用 時此檢檢值電差 狀陳測而 輸狀流均於裝比如， 人 ，流而間由其 (請先閱讀之注^項再填寫本頁} 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） 4 318888 at _ B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 負載已經處於不平衡狀態之警告裝置。 依據本發明，於此提供一種感應電動機負載狀態檢測 方法，其包括步驟：檢测用於負載之電流瞬間值；決定於 某一特定平均時間内之電流瞬間值之電流平均值；決定電 流瞬間值和電流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對 值大於某一特定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀 態檢測訊號。 依據本發明，於此提供一種感應電動機負載狀態檢測 法，其包括步驟：檢測q -軸電流之電流瞬間值，其中用於 負載之電流是由一 d-q_軸電流轉換裝置做轉換；決定於某 一特定平均時間內之電流瞬間值之q_軸電流平均值；決定 軸電流瞬間值和q -軸電流平均值之間的差值之絕對值； 檢測此絕對值大於某一特定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而 輸出負載狀態檢測訊號。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 依據本發明，於此提供一種感應電動機負載狀態檢測 方法，其包括步驟：檢測用於負載之電流的電流瞬間值； 決定於第一特定平均時間內之第一電流平均值，其中此平 均時間當與電流瞬間值之負載週期相比較時是足夠短的， 決定於第二特定平均時間内之第二電流平均值，其中此平 均時間當與電流瞬間值之負載週期相比較時是足夠長的； 決定第一和第二電流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此 絕對值大於某一特定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負 載狀態檢測訊號。 依據本發明，於此提供一種感應電動機負載狀態檢測 5 ---------f —裝------訂 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 318888 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 方法，其包括步驟：檢測用於負載之電流的電流瞬間值； 決定於某一特定平均時間內之電流瞬間值之電流平均值； 決定電流瞬間值和電流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測 此絕對值大於某一特定值且其極性不同於前次大於此特定 值時的差值電流之次數；並且依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀 態檢測訊號。 於本發明的方法中，此絕對值大於某一特定值之次數 是某一特定時間即檢測一次，且僅當在某一特定時間内此 特定次數是超出時，才輸出此負載狀態檢测訊號。 於此方法中是藉由負載狀態檢測啟始和終止訊號而輸 出此負載狀態檢測訊號。 同時，於本發明的方法中，將一特殊頻率與輸出頻率 相比較Μ決定是否正在執行正常速度之運轉，而且假如判 斷其正在執行正常速度之運轉，則藉由一指示正常速度運 轉之訊號而啟動負載狀態檢測操作。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 用於當某一特定電流輸入時可有效轉動負載之感應電 動機之負載狀態檢测裝置包含有用於檢測輸入電流之電流 瞬間值之電流檢測裝置；用於以電流瞬間值和特定平均時 間為基礎而決定電流平均值之平均電流檢测裝置；用於決 定電流瞬間值和電流平均值之間的差值之電流值比較裝置 ;用於將由電流值比較裝置所得之值和第一特定值相比較 ,並計數其差值大於特定值之次數的計數裝置，和假如於 某一特定時間内由計數裝置所計數之值大於第二特定值時 ，用於停止負載轉動之裝置。 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） A7 318888 __B7_ 五、發明説明（7 ) I--------- ------1T (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用於當某一特定電流輸入時可有效轉動負載之感應電 動機之負載狀態檢測裝置包含有用於檢測電流之電流瞬間 值之電流檢測裝置；用於Μ電流瞬間值和特定平均時間為 基礎而決定電流平均值之平均電流檢測裝置；用於決定電 流瞬間值和電流平均值之間的差值之電流值比較裝置；用 於將由電流值比較裝置所得之值和第一特定值相比較，並 計數其差值大於特定值之次數的計數裝置；和用於告知使 用者負載已經處於不平衡狀態之警告裝置。 本發明之感應電動機負載狀態檢测方法之步驟包括： 檢測用於負載之電流的電流瞬間值；決定於某一特定平均 時間内之電流瞬間值之電流平均值；決定電流瞬間值和電 流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對值大於某一特 定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀態檢測訊號。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 此感應電動機負載狀態檢測方法之步驟包含有檢測q-袖電流之電流瞬間值，其中用於負載之電流是由一 d-q -軸 電流轉換裝置做轉換；決定於某一特定平均時間内之電流 瞬間值之q -軸電流平均值；決定<ϊ -袖電流瞬間值和q -軸電 流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對值大於某一特 定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀態檢測訊號。 此感應電動機負載狀態檢測方法之步驟包含有檢測用 於負載之電流的電流瞬間值；決定於第一特定平均時間內 之第一電流平均值，其中此平均時間當與電流瞬間值之負 載週期相比較時是足夠短的，和於第二特定平均時間内之 第二電流平均值，其中此平均時間當與電流瞬間值之負載 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 7 ^18888 a? _ B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 週期相比較時是足夠長的；決定第一電流平均值和第二電 流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對值大於某一特 定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀態檢測訊號。 此感應電動機負載狀態檢測方法之步驟包含有檢測用 於負載之輸入電流的電流瞬間值；決定於某一特定平均時 間內之電流瞬間值之電流平均值；決定電流瞬間值和電流 平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對值大於某一特定 值且其極性不同於前次大於此特定值時的差值電流之次數 ;並且依據此檢测值而輸出負載狀態檢測訊號。 此絕對值大於某一特定值之次數是某一特定時間即檢 測一次，且僅當在某一特定時間内此特定次數超出時，才 輸出此負載狀態檢測訊號。 其是藉由負載狀態檢測啟始和终止訊號而輸出此負載 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 行 執 在 正 否 是 定 決 Μ 較 比 相 率 頻 出 輸 與 率 〇 頻 號殊 訊特 測一 檢將 態 狀 運態 之狀 度載 速負 常動 正啟 行而 執號 在訊 正的 其轉 斷運 判之 如度 假速 且常 而正 , 示 轉指 ttsdJ 1 遵 一 之 由 度藉 速則 當 * 正轉 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 明 說 。要 作簡 操之 測示 檢圓 第 之 明 發 本 *ί. 據 依 示 係 圖 11 圖 塊 方 的 置 裝 測 檢 態 狀 載 負 之 機 應 第感 相三 於 用 之 例 施 實 五 第 至 圖 2 狀 載 負 之 機 電 應 感 相三 之 中 圖 裝 測 檢 衡 平 不 載 負 之 置 裝 ; 測 圖檢 程態 第流狀 於的載 用Ϊ1負 示 S 示 顯之顯 係ί係 圖 作 操 之 置 裝 第測第 檢 態 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 B7 318888 五、發明説明（9 ) 置之操作的電流波形圖； (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第4圖係顯示用於第1謹中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態檢測裝置之操作2的流程圖； 第5圖係顯示負載狀態檢測裝置之負載不平衡檢測裝 置之操作的電流波形圖； 第6圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態檢測裝置之操作3的流程圖； 第7圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態檢測裝置之操作4的流程圖； 第8圖係顯示緊接著第7圖之流程圖的流程圖； 第9圖係顯示負載狀態檢測裝置之負載不平衡檢測裝 置之操作4的電流波形圖； 第10圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載 狀態檢測裝置之操作5的流程圖； 第11圖係顯示依據本發明之第六實施例之用於三相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖； 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 第12圖係顯示用於第1〗圖中之三相感應電動機之負載 狀態檢測裝置之操作的流程圖； 第13圖係顯示依據本發明之第七實施例之用於三相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖； 第〗4圖係顯示用於第13圖中之三相感應電動機之負載 狀態檢測裝置之操作的流程圖； 第15圖係顯示用於第13圖中之負載狀態檢測裝置之操 作的電流波形圖； 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS〉A4規格（2丨Ο X 297公釐） 9 A7 318888 B7 五、發明説明（ίο ) 第16圖係顯示依據本發明之第八實施例之用三相感應 電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖； 第17圖係顯示依據本發明之第九實施例之用於單相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖；和 第18圖係顯示用於三相感應電動機之傳統的負載狀態 檢測裝置的方塊圖。 黑隹啻确例夕說明 第1圖係顯示依據本發明之第一至第五實腌例而設計 之用於三相感應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置之方塊圖。於 第1圖中，參考數字1係表示一 AC電源供應器；數字2係表 示反相器之轉換區；數字3係表示反相器之平化電容器； 數字4係表示反相器之反相區；數字5係表示反相器之電流 檢測器；數字6係表示三相感應電動機；數字7係表示三相 感應電動機之負載；數字8係表示反相器之控制區；數字 9係表示反相器之用於輸入工作命令和設定值之輸入區； (請先閲讀背面之注-意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 所 5 器ql流 測 4 電 檢之軸 流動 d 電轉之 相步制 三 同控 由率量 將頻向 於出 Μ 用輸定 示與決 表成且 係換並 11轉其 字流 ， 數電器 電 相換 三 轉 之流 到電 測之 檢流 流 電 相 發 激 和 區 入 輸 從 Μ 於 用 示 表 係 2 II 字 數 流 電 相 矩 轉 和 、 流 電 軸 流 電 袖 I α* 和 流 電 軸 冊 d 之 來 11 1X 區 換 轉 流 電 從 和 值 定 設 之 來 9 元軸 單 d 算之 運來 壓而 電11 和區 率換 頻轉 出流 輸電 之從 壓為 電因 出測 輸檢 和於 率用 頻示 出表 輸係 3 出13 算字 計數 而 ； 負而 之测 動檢 波之 流衡 電平 的不 生載 發負 帶據 附依 而示 衡表 平係 不14 載字 負數 因 ； 流器 電 测 軸檢 〇· 衡 和平 流不 電載 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 B7 318888 五、發明説明（11 ) 輸出訊號至外部之輸出區；數字51係表示整個反相器。 第2圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態檢测裝置之負載不平衡檢测器13之操作1之流程圖。於 此圖中，參考數字201所表示之步驟為經過時間計時器t和 不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0;數字202所表示之步驟為 從輸入區9讀取平均時間Τ1、臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數 設定值X;數字2 03所表示之步驟為設定從檢测開始之經過 時間；數字204所表示之步驟為從電流轉換區11讀取d -軸 電流和<1-軸電流；數字205所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流 瞬間值；數字206所表示之步驟為計算平均電流值；數字 207所表示之步驟為決定是否經過時間等於或大於平均時 間T1;數字208所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值和輸 出電流平均值之間差值的絕對值Ια;數字209所表示之步 驟為決定是否Ieb大於臨界值Ith;數字210所表示之步驟 為將不平衡已發生之次數η加1;數字2U所表示之步驟為 決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於計數器之次數設定值 (請先閲讀背面之注』意事項再填寫本頁)31S_-Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (3) 1 | Background of the invention 1 I The present invention is a device for detecting the load state of induction motors 1 1 | and the same device Load state detection method 0 Please 1 1 Here, the load of a three-phase induction motor driven by an inverter will not be read first. 1 | Read 1 | Balance detection device as an example for description, but the invention can be applied to the back 1 I of 1 Various senses of the motor 0 and then 9 Use the frequency conversion transformer of the present invention Note $ 1 I The application of the power supply is not limited to the inverter 0 again 1 lead 18 Figure 18 shows the traditional used for three Mutual sense ttfff Expansion motor load status writing page installation page 1 detection equipment Block diagram 0 here 9 three-phase inductance motor load imbalance 1 1 The description of the detection is Η washing machine as an example. In the figure 18 f Reference number 1 1 1 shows an AC power supply 51 is a reverse Phase detector »6 series--three-phase induction 1 1 motor? Is the load of three three-phase induction motor; 50 series is installed on the outside of the outer peripheral surface of the negative load 1 load 0 1 | When the load 7 is When balanced, its rotation will not deviate from the center of rotation, and at this time, the light sensor 50 will not operate. If the load becomes unbalanced because the laundry collects on one side 1 1 »and its rotation deviates from rotation When a certain number of the center is fixed, the light sensor starts to operate and detects the unbalance of the load. 1 1 State 〇1 1 In the traditional load state detection device for three-phase induction motor 6 1 | Balance »It must set the light sensor 50 separately according to the number of load bias ΠΠ} heart rate 1 0 In order to detect the slight bias rf * w heart rate 9 need to set the light sensor 50 carefully 1 1 I The position 〇When the three-phase induction motor 6 rotates, the position of the photo sensor 50 changes with time due to this vibration> Therefore, 1 1 regular position correction is necessary. Applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) 3 318888 A7 _B7 V. Description of invention (4) Tai Yun Ming Xi Jia asked the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives to print and examine the load level due to the current level When the power supply is compared, the base of the instantaneous value will be negatively imbalanced and measured negatively. The ratio and value of the flow will be based on the level of the calculation, and the specific value of the test will be set. The value is for electricity use and the machine balance is not set between the specific test room and the special equipment.,, Know that the dynamic value of its special equipment is measured and the instantaneous decision of the two special states is more stable than the report. The number one first current of one electricity and one inspection is equal to that of the corresponding current, and the current sense value included in the current level and the current sense value of the comparative load sensing ground included in the load level include the current difference value. Dadang negative determination; the ratio and the value of the phase-to-phase converter are equal to the set value of the test set; the three test volume test is set to be inferior to the machine and the load flow set to the test set. The number of the place where the sensor is installed can be measured by the value of the electricity, and the light can be used for installation. The value-setting meter for this kind of transfer test is the first one for the first inspection of the electricity. It is installed in the same way as this one. One should have instantaneous current value and the meter can be used as a single state; the flat supply is specially designed to provide a current supply with a difference in current so that it can be produced in a raised state than the packaged electricity. To increase the number of M, it is necessary to measure the electric value of the load. The load of the load M is variable. It needs to be checked in the load measurement and the flow meter is used in the place where the load is installed. Balance, negative electric value difference of this inspection value, the value of the dynamic measurement value is set, except for the plain, the flow of which is clearly stated in the transfer test is all installed and set up, so it will not cause the basis of electricity. In a few moments, the negative effect state will be more apparent. The base current of Pingping is more specifically equipped and loaded with the guide. The current flow is set to the current and the current flow is compared to the test. The negative measurable value is determined by electricity. The stop data can be loaded with a large electric value. The quasi-low detection time interval between the inspection and the time interval is fixed;, in particular, the negative determination and the instantaneous decision of the current value state subtraction into the state of the current value of the inspection value difference when in use The appearance and the flow are all in the form of, for example, people, and flow by time (please read the note ^ item before filling out this page) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297 mm) 4 318888 at _ B7 5. Description of the invention (5) A warning device that the load is already in an unbalanced state. According to the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting the load state of an induction motor, which includes the steps of: detecting the instantaneous value of the current used for the load; The current average value of the instantaneous value of the current within a specific average time; determines the absolute value of the difference between the current instantaneous value and the current average value; the number of times that the absolute value is detected to be greater than a specific value; and the output is based on the detected value Load state detection signal. According to the present invention, there is provided an induction motor load state detection method, which includes the steps of: detecting the instantaneous value of the q-axis current, wherein the current used for the load is converted by a d-q_axis current The device does the conversion; the q_axis current average value of the instantaneous value of the current determined within a certain average time; determines the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of the axis current and the q-axis current; detects that the absolute value is greater than The number of times for a certain value; and output the load status detection signal based on this detection value. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs According to the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting the load state of an induction motor, which includes the steps of: detecting the instantaneous value of the current used for the load; the first current average value determined within a first specific average time, wherein the average time It is sufficiently short when compared with the load period of the instantaneous current value, which is determined by the average value of the second current within the second specific average time, where the average time is sufficiently long when compared with the load period of the instantaneous current value ; Determine the absolute value of the difference between the average value of the first and second currents; detect the number of times this absolute value is greater than a certain value; and output the load status detection signal according to this detection value. According to the present invention, provided here An induction motor load status detection 5 --------- f -installed ------ ordered (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X297mm) A7 318888 B7 V. Description of invention (6) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The method includes the steps of: detecting the current used for the load The instantaneous value of the current; the average value of the current determined by the instantaneous value of the current within a specific average time; the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of the current and the average value of the current; it is detected that the absolute value is greater than a specific value and its The polarity is different from the number of times of the difference current when it was greater than this specific value last time; and the load status detection signal is output according to this detection value. In the method of the present invention, the number of times the absolute value is greater than a certain value is detected once at a certain time, and the load state detection signal is output only when the specified number of times exceeds a certain time . In this method, the load state detection signal is output by the load state detection start and stop signals. At the same time, in the method of the present invention, a special frequency is compared with the output frequency to determine whether normal speed operation is being performed, and if it is determined that it is performing normal speed operation, a signal indicating normal speed operation is used. Start the load status detection operation. The load status detection device of the induction motor that can effectively rotate the load when a specific current is input by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs includes a current detection device for detecting the instantaneous value of the input current; An average current detection device that determines the current average value based on the instantaneous current value and a specific average time; a current value comparison device used to determine the difference between the current instantaneous value and the current average value; used to obtain the current value comparison device The value is compared with the first specific value and counts the number of times the difference is greater than the specific value, and if the value counted by the counting device is greater than the second specific value within a specific time, it is used to stop the load Rotating device. 6 This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 318888 __B7_ V. Description of invention (7) I --------- ------ 1T (please read the back first Please fill in this page again) The load status detection device of the induction motor that can effectively rotate the load when a specific current is input includes a current detection device for detecting the instantaneous value of the current; An average current detection device that determines the average current value based on a specific average time; a current value comparison device that determines the difference between the instantaneous current value and the current average value; it is used to compare the value obtained by the current value comparison device with the first A counting device that compares a specific value and counts the number of times the difference is greater than a specific value; and a warning device that informs the user that the load is in an unbalanced state. The steps of the method for detecting the load state of the induction motor of the present invention include: detecting the instantaneous value of the current used for the load; the average value of the current instantaneous value determined within a certain average time; determining the instantaneous value of the current and the average current value The absolute value of the difference between them; the number of times that the absolute value is detected to be greater than a certain value; and the load status detection signal is output based on the detected value. The steps of this induction motor load status detection method printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs include the detection of the instantaneous value of the q-sleeve current, where the current used for the load is converted by a dq-axis current conversion device; Q-axis current average value of instantaneous current value within a certain average time; determine the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of sleeve current and q-axis current average value; detect that the absolute value is greater than a certain value The number of times for a specific value; and output the load status detection signal according to this detection value. The steps of this induction motor load state detection method include the detection of the instantaneous value of the current used for the load; the average value of the first current determined within the first specific average time, where the average time corresponds to the load period of the instantaneous value of the current The comparison is short enough, and the average value of the second current within the second specific average time, where the average time is the load with the instantaneous value of the current. This paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 %) 7 ^ 18888 a? _ B7 V. Description of the invention (8) The period is sufficiently long when compared; determine the absolute value of the difference between the average value of the first current and the average value of the second current; detect this absolute value The number of times greater than a certain value; and output the load status detection signal according to this detection value. The steps of this induction motor load state detection method include detecting the instantaneous value of the input current used for the load; the average value of the instantaneous value of the current determined within a certain average time; determining between the instantaneous value of the current and the average value of the current The absolute value of the difference; detect the number of times the absolute value is greater than a certain value and its polarity is different from the difference current when it was greater than this specific value the last time; and output the load status detection signal according to this detection value. The number of times the absolute value is greater than a certain value is detected once at a certain time, and only when the specified number of times exceeds a certain time, the load status detection signal is output. It outputs this load by detecting the start and end signals of the load status (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page). Whether the execution is positive or negative is determined. The output signal and the frequency signal are more frequent than the phase rate. A special test will check the state of the state of the state, the speed of the load is negative, the normal motion is positive, and the transfer of the number is determined to be the holiday speed and the constant is positive, indicating that the transfer instruction ttsdJ 1 follows the reason The speed of borrowing is right when it is printed and printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. It is necessary to make a simple operation of the test and inspection of the first round of the text * ί. According to the system shown in Figure 11 on the side of the block, the installation and inspection of the state of the load should be the first one. To Figure 2, the electromechanical stress of the load-bearing load is the same as that in the third load-bearing test, and the load-bearing load is not balanced; the load-bearing state of the load-bearing state is Ϊ1 negative display S, and the display system is displayed. The paper size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 B7 318888 5. Invention description (9) The current waveform of the operation of the installation; (Please read the back first (Notes to fill in this page again) Figure 4 is a flow chart showing the operation 2 of the load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor in the first paragraph; Figure 5 shows the load imbalance detection of the load state detection device The current waveform diagram of the operation of the device; Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the operation 3 of the load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor in Figure 1; Figure 7 is the three-phase used in Figure 1 Induction motor load Flow chart of operation 4 of the state detection device; FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the flow chart immediately following FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a current waveform diagram showing the operation 4 of the load imbalance detection device of the load state detection device; Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing operation 5 of the load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor in Fig. 1; Fig. 11 is a load for a three-phase induction motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention Block diagram of the state detection device; printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Figure 12 is a flow chart showing the operation of the load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor in Figure 1; Figure 13 shows A block diagram of a load state detection device for a three-phase induction motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor of Figure 13 Figure; Figure 15 shows the current waveform used for the operation of the load state detection device in Figure 13; the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS> A4 specification (2 丨X 297 mm) 9 A7 318888 B7 5. Description of the invention (ίο) Figure 16 is a block diagram showing a load state detection device using a three-phase induction motor according to an eighth embodiment of the invention; Figure 17 is based on A block diagram of a load state detection device for a single-phase induction motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a conventional load state detection device for a three-phase induction motor. Example Description Figure 1 is a block diagram showing a load state detection device for a three-phase induction motor designed according to the first to fifth practical examples of the present invention. In the first figure, reference numeral 1 represents an AC power supply; numeral 2 represents the conversion area of the inverter; numeral 3 represents the flattening capacitor of the inverter; numeral 4 represents the inversion of the inverter Area; number 5 represents the current detector of the inverter; number 6 represents the three-phase induction motor; number 7 represents the load of the three-phase induction motor; number 8 represents the control area of the inverter; number 9 represents the inverter The input area of the phase detector for inputting work commands and setting values; (please read the note on the back-the matters needing attention before filling out this page) 5 ql flow test 4 of the ql flow test of the Employee Cooperative Printing Office of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Axial flow d The phase stepping system of the electric rotation is controlled by three steps, and the frequency will be output to the output. The output is determined and determined by the output and the system is converted and converted to 11 words. The galvanic galvanic phase excitation and zone input and output from Μ to the display system 2 II word count galvanic phase moment and sum, the galvanic axial current sleeve I α * and the galvanic axis book d come 11 11X zone The conversion current is set from the sum of 9 yuan The calculation of the single d calculation comes from the voltage and the 11th and the area rate conversion frequency is transferred to the outgoing current. The secondary voltage is the electricity due to the test and test and the frequency is shown in the table. The output is 3 out of 13 arithmetic counts; The negative current band of the current balance level of the dynamic detection is displayed according to the attachment, and the balance scale is not 14. The negative value of the load factor is measured; National standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) A7 B7 318888 V. Description of invention (11) Output signal to the external output area; the number 51 represents the entire inverter. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing the operation 1 of the load unbalance detector 13 used in the load state detection device of the three-phase induction motor in Fig. 1; In this figure, the steps indicated by reference numeral 201 are the elapsed time timer t and the number of times that the imbalance has occurred η is cleared to 0; the steps indicated by numeral 202 are the reading of the average time T1 and the critical value Ith from the input area 9 , And the number of times of the counter setting value X; the step indicated by the number 2 03 is to set the elapsed time from the detection; the step indicated by the number 204 is to read the d-axis current and <1-axis from the current conversion area 11 Current; the step represented by the number 205 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current; the step represented by the number 206 is to calculate the average current value; the step represented by the number 207 is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1; the number 208 represents The steps are to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current Ια; the step indicated by the number 209 is to determine whether Ieb is greater than the critical value Ith; the step indicated by the number 210 is the number of times the imbalance has occurred η plus 1; the step indicated by the number 2U is to determine whether the number of times the imbalance has occurred η is greater than the number of times of the counter setting value (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page)
X 字 數 而 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 號 訊 測 檢 衡 平第 不 於 出 〇 輸作 為操 驟 之 步例 之施 示實 表此 所 論 12討 將 在 現 中 圖 11 器 相 反 行 執 而 作 於 用 由區 區經相 換時反 轉同 ， 由 ，後 藉流然 再 4 整 波 全 相 三 之 壓 電 C A 之 II 器 應 供 源 電 容 電 化 平 之 換 轉 此 將 度 得 9 此 出 區輸 入且 將 3 〇 輸 化從 平據 果依 tj 2 结 1 此元 單 由 有 具 成 換 轉 之 壓 電 和 率 頻 之 成 算 運 而 值 令 命 之 到 之 7 載 負 轉 於 用 此 驅 可 便 M 壓 電 並應 , 感 壓相 電 三 出 輸 相 三 之 器 相 反 此 測 檢 5 器 測 檢 流 電 相 三 時 同 ο 6 My ΠΒΠ 電 11 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 318888 ΑΊ __Β7 五、發明説明（12 ) 電流，而電流轉換器11則將此三相輸出電流轉換成與輸出 頻率同步轉動之d-q軸電流Μ便決定d-軸電流和q-軸電流 。輸出頻率和電壓運算單元12利用d-軸電流和q-軸電流進 行一次側電壓校正控制和轉差校正控制。負載不平衡檢測 器13具有一用於利用d -軸電流瞬間值、q -軸電流瞬間值而 計算得到輸出電流瞬間值之輸出電流運算區13a; —用於 在特定平均時間內平均輸出電流瞬間值以便決定平均電流 之平均電流蓮算區13b; —用於決定輸出電流瞬間值和輸 出電流平均值之間的差值之電流值比較區13c;和一用於 計數此電流值差值大於特定值之次數的計數區13d。當此 計數值大於某一特值時，負載不平衡檢測器13判斷此負載 已是不平衡且檢測三相感應電動機之負載的不平衡，然後 經由輸出區14而輸出訊號。當此負載於正常定速運轉期間 是很平衡的時，其輸出電流是一定的；當此負載是不平衡 時，舉例而言，假如衣物聚集於洗衣機之滾筒之某一側時 ，三相感應電動機6之轉軸是不穩定的但其K木杵之方式 移動，故將導致輸出電流波動。 由負載不平衡檢測器13所檢測之電流的波動係顯示於 第2圖之流程圖中。 在步驟201中，將經過時間計時器t和不平衡已發生之 次數η清除為0K做為啟始重設。在步驟202中，經由輸入 區9讀取在定速下，足以長於輸出頻率週期之平均時間Τ1 、臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X。在步驟203中， 將經過時間設定於計數器t中。在步驟204中，從電流轉換 本紙張XAit财關家縣（CNS ) A4%#· ( 21GX297公釐) 7~〇 — ~ H.:…-I I I : - ΙΛ 1 I -..... - - III - - - 丁 一 U3 言 (請先閲讀背面之"意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) 區1 1讀取d -軸電流I d和q -軸電流I «。在步驟2 0 5中，經由 輸出電流運算區13a而計算輸出電流瞬間值I〇ut。為什麽 利用d -軸電流I d和q -軸電流I q計算輸出電流瞬間值之理由 是因為d -軸電流Id和q -軸電流Iq已經由輸出頻率和電壓運 算單元12計算好可供使用，且其亦是用於協肋輸出電流瞬 間值之計算的直交元件，因而不須要此藉由執行三相輸出 電流之全波整流而決定輸出電流瞬間值之專用硬體。 其後，在步驟206，從經過時間t直到平均時間T1之前 的t-Tl之輸出電流平均值是由平均電流運算區13b計算。 此輸出電流平均值1>在每次經遇了經過時間t即更新一次 。在步驟2 0 7中，此經過時間是否等於或大於平均時間T 1 之決定是用於判斷第一輸出電流平均值Ιβν之計算是否完 成。假如經過時間t小於平均時間Τ 1 ,表示第一輸出電流 平均值13^之計算尚未完成。然後則將控制轉回至步驟 2 0 3 〇 假如t>Tl,則表示第一輸出電流平均值Ιβν之計算為 完成。然後在步驟208和209中，則藉由電流值比較區13c 計算輸出電流瞬間值lout和輸出電流平均值lev間之差值 的絕對值]，且將於步驟202中所讀取之臨界值It h與此 差值之絕對值lab相比較。於此比較中，假如負載在定速 時間是平衡的，則如第3圖所顯示的此輸出電流瞬間值 I。u t大約等於輸出電流平均值I a v，故I a b大約等於零；假 如負載是不平衡的，則輸出電流是波動的因而並不會導致 如第3圖所顯示的其1^大約等於零而是Ub>Uh。因此， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 13 .I I I J I 批衣 ^ (請先閱讀背面之注、意事項再填寫本頁) A7 318888 B7 五、發明説明（14) 設定臨界值Ith是為了檢測當負載是不平衡時其輸出電流 之波動性，而不須在當負載是平衡時檢測一微小的輸出電 流瞬間值。當負載是平衡時，Ith之設定值逐漸地增加且 設定成一大於不平衡已發生之次數為無法計數之值。當 Iab>Uh時，在步驟209中藉由計數區13d將在步驟210中不 平衡已發生之次數η加上1。假如lebSIth,則判斷負載是 平衡的，且將控制轉回至步驟203。在步驟211中，決定是 否不平衡已發生之次數η大於在步驟202中所讀取之計數器 之次數設定值X。假如η > X ,則判斷負載是不平衡的，且在 步驟212中輸出不平衡檢測訊號。假如η^Χ,則將控制轉 回至步驟203。因為當負載不平衡時電流波動重覆地發生， 輸出電流瞬間值Iaut.將因各種的理由而隨時改變，因而可 能被計算入不平衡已發生之次數η,故輸出錯誤之不平衡 檢測訊號。計數器之次數設定值X之設定則是為防止此錯 誤之發生。 因此，雖然傳統的檢測裝置Μ實際的位移量檢测負載 之不平衡，依據本發明之檢測裝置則Μ電子方式檢測負載 之不平衡。因此，於此提供一用於三相感應電動機之負載 狀態檢測裝置，其可很容易的改變負載不平衡檢測位準且 Μ低成本而可具有不隨時間改變之檢測準確度。 第4圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態檢測裝置之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作2之流程圖。於 此圖中，參考數字301所表示之步驟為將經過時間計時器 t和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0;數字302所表示之步驟 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） Π ---------f —裝------訂 (請先閲讀背面之注.意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 5 ) 為從輸入區9讀取不平均時間T1、臨界值Ith、和計數器之 次數設定值X;數字303所表示之步驟為設定從檢測開始之 經過時間；數字304所表示之步驟為從電流轉換區11讀取 q -軸電流瞬間值；數字305所表示之步驟為計算q -軸電流 平均值；數字306所表示之步驟為決定是否經過時間等於 或大於平均時間T1;數字307所表示之步驟為計算q-軸電 流瞬間值和q -軸電流平均值之間差值的絕對值Iab;數字 308所表示之步驟為決定是否Ieb大於臨界值Ith;數字309 所表示之步驟為將不平衡已發生之次數η加1;數字310所 表示之步驟為決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於計數器 之次數設定值X;而數字311所表示之步驟為輸出不平衡檢 測訊號。 第5圖係顯示之於第1圖之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作 2的電流波形圖； 現在將討論此實施例之操作。 在步驟301中，將經過時間計時器t和不平衡已發生之 次數η清除為0M做為啟始重設。在步驟302中，經由輸入 區9讀取在定速時間下，足以長於輸出頻率週期之平均時 間TU臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X。在步驟303 中，將經過時間設定於計數器t中。在步驟304中，從電流 轉換區11僅讓取q -軸電流瞬間值U。q -铀電流瞬間值U為 一轉矩電流分量，且當負載不平衡時之輸出電流波動主要 是因轉矩的改變。因此，假如將q-軸電流瞬間值“用於檢 測，則將有很大的改變出現。 15 I f - 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注-意事項再填寫本頁) 318888 A7 B7 五、發明説明（16 ) (請先閲讀背面之注.意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 其後，在步驟3 0 5中，計算從經過時間t直到平均時間 T1之前的t-Tl之q -軸電流平均值。每次當經過了經過時間 t即更新一次q-袖電流平均值Uav。在步驟306中，此經過 時間是否等於或大於平均時間T1之決定乃用於判斷第一 q-軸電流平均值計算是否完成。假如經過時間t小於 平均時間T1,則表示第一 q -軸電流平均值lqev之計算尚未 完成。然後則將控制轉回至步驟3 0 3。假如t > T 1 ,則表示 第一 q -軸電流平均值Iqev為完成。然後在步驟307中，則 計算q-袖電流瞬間值U和q-袖電流平均值間之差值的 絕對值在步驟308中，將於步驟302中所讓取之臨界 值Ith與此差值之絕對值Iab相比較。於此比較中，假如負 載在定速時間是平衡的，則此q -軸電流瞬間值U大約等於 q-袖電流平均值Iqav，故lab大約等於零；假如負載是不 平衡的，則q -軸電流瞬間值U是波動的因而並不會導致其 Ub大約等於零而是Ub>Ith。此臨界值Uh之設定是為了 檢測當負載是不平衡時其q -軸電流之波動性，因而不須在 當負載是平衡時檢測一微小的q-軸電流瞬間值。當負載是 平衡時，Ith之設定值逐漸地增加且設定成一大於不平衡 已發生之次數為無法被計數之值。 在步驟308中如果lab> lth,則在步驟309中將不平衡 已發生之次數加1。假如Ith,則判斷負載是平衡的， 且將控制轉回至步驟303。在步驟310中，決定是否不平衡 已發生之次數η大於在步驟302中所謓取之計數器之數字設 定值X。假如n>)(，則判斷負載是不平衡的，且在步驟311 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（) 中輸出不平衡檢測訊號。假如n S X ,則將控制轉回至步驟 303。因為當負載不平衡時電流波動重覆地發生，q -軸電 流瞬間值“將因各種的理由而随時改變，因而可能被計數 為不平衡已發生之次數η,故輸出錯誤之不平衡檢測訊號 。而計數器之次數設定值X之設定則為防止此錯誤之發生 0 因此，僅藉由使用q -軸電流瞬間值而不須d -軸電流瞬 間值亦可Μ很容易、穩定且精確地檢測出負載不平衡。 第6圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載狀 態裝置之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作3的流程圖。於此圖 中，數字401所表示之步驟為將經過時間計時器t和不平衡 已發生之次數η清除為0 ;數字402所表示之步驟為從輸入 區9讀取平均時間Τ1、第二平均時間Τ2、臨界值Uh、和計 數器之次數設定值X;數字403所表示之步驟為設定從檢測 開始之經過時間；數字40 4所表示之步驟為從電流轉換區 11讀取d -軸電流和q -軸電流；數字405所表示之步驟為計 算輸出電流瞬間值；數字406所表示之步驟為計算第二輸 出電流平均值；數字407所表示之步驟為計算第一輸出電 流平均值；數字408所表示之步驟為決定是否經過時間等 於或大於平均時間T];數字40 9所表示之步驟為計算第二 輸出電流平均值和第一輸出電流平均值之間差值的絕對值X word count and the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee Consumer Cooperative printed the number of messages to test the balance and not lose the output as a step-by-step example of the implementation of the statement. This discussion will be carried out on the contrary in Figure 11. It is used for inverting the same by changing the area by phase, and then, by the flow of 4 again, the full wave of the full phase three piezoelectric CA II device should be used for the conversion of the source capacitor leveling. This will be 9 out Enter the zone and transfer the data from the plain data to tj 2 to get the result. This unit is calculated by the conversion of the piezoelectric and rate frequency with a conversion, and the value of the life is 7. The load is used here. It can be driven and piezoelectrically compatible, the pressure-sensitive three-phase output and the three-phase output are reversed. This test 5 devices measure the current and the current phase at the same time. 6 My ΠΒΠ electric 11 11 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS ) A4 specification (210X297mm) 318888 ΑΊ __Β7 printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention Description (12) Current, and the current converter 11 converts this three-phase output current into The d-q axis current M whose output frequency rotates synchronously determines the d-axis current and q-axis current. The output frequency and voltage arithmetic unit 12 performs primary-side voltage correction control and slip correction control using the d-axis current and q-axis current. The load unbalance detector 13 has an output current calculation area 13a for calculating the instantaneous value of the output current using the instantaneous value of the d-axis current and the instantaneous value of the q-axis current;-used to average the instantaneous output current within a specific average time Value to determine the average current average current calculation area 13b; — the current value comparison area 13c used to determine the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current; and one used to count the difference of the current value is greater than a specific Count area 13d of the value of the value. When the count value is greater than a certain value, the load unbalance detector 13 determines that the load is unbalanced and detects the unbalance of the load of the three-phase induction motor, and then outputs a signal through the output area 14. When the load is very balanced during normal constant speed operation, the output current is constant; when the load is unbalanced, for example, if the laundry is gathered on one side of the drum of the washing machine, the three-phase induction The rotating shaft of the motor 6 is unstable, but it moves in a K wooden pestle manner, so it will cause the output current to fluctuate. The current fluctuation detected by the load unbalance detector 13 is shown in the flow chart of FIG. In step 201, the elapsed time timer t and the number of times imbalance has occurred η are cleared to 0K as a reset. In step 202, the set value X of the average time T1, the threshold value Ith, and the number of times of the counter at a constant speed, which is sufficiently longer than the output frequency cycle, is read via the input area 9. In step 203, the elapsed time is set in the counter t. In step 204, convert the current paper XAit Caiguanjia County (CNS) A4% # · (21GX297mm) 7 ~ 〇— ~ H.:…-III:-ΙΛ 1 I -..-- -III---Ding Yi U3 words (please read the "quote" on the back and fill in this page) A7 B7 printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention description (13) Area 1 1 Read d- Shaft current I d and q-Shaft current I «. In step 250, the output current instantaneous value Iut is calculated via the output current calculation area 13a. The reason why the d-axis current I d and the q-axis current I q is used to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current is because the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq have been calculated by the output frequency and voltage calculation unit 12 for use, And it is also a right-angle component used for the calculation of the instantaneous value of the output current of the co-rib, so there is no need for this dedicated hardware to determine the instantaneous value of the output current by performing full-wave rectification of the three-phase output current. Thereafter, in step 206, the average value of the output current t-T1 from the elapsed time t until the average time T1 is calculated by the average current calculation area 13b. The average value of the output current 1> is updated once every time the elapsed time t has passed. In step 207, the decision whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T 1 is used to determine whether the calculation of the average value of the first output current Ιβν is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T 1, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first output current is not completed. Then, control is returned to step 2 0 3. If t > Tl, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first output current Ιβν is completed. Then in steps 208 and 209, the absolute value of the difference between the output current instantaneous value lout and the output current average value lev is calculated by the current value comparison area 13c], and the threshold value It will be read in step 202 h is compared with the absolute value of this difference, lab. In this comparison, if the load is balanced at constant speed, the instantaneous value I of the output current as shown in Figure 3 is shown. ut is approximately equal to the average value of the output current I av, so I ab is approximately equal to zero; if the load is unbalanced, the output current is fluctuating and does not result in 1 ^ approximately equal to zero as shown in Figure 3 but Ub> Uh. Therefore, the size of this paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 13. IIIJI approved clothing ^ (please read the notes on the back and matters before filling this page) A7 318888 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) The threshold value Ith is set to detect the fluctuation of the output current when the load is unbalanced, and it is not necessary to detect a small instantaneous value of the output current when the load is balanced. When the load is balanced, the set value of Ith gradually increases and is set to a value greater than the number of times the unbalance has occurred as an uncountable value. When Iab> Uh, in step 209, the count area 13d is increased by 1 to the number η of unbalance that has occurred in step 210. If lebSIth, it is determined that the load is balanced, and control is returned to step 203. In step 211, it is determined whether the number of times imbalance has occurred η is greater than the set value X of the number of counters read in step 202. If η > X, it is determined that the load is unbalanced, and an unbalance detection signal is output in step 212. If η ^ Χ, control is returned to step 203. Because the current fluctuation occurs repeatedly when the load is unbalanced, the instantaneous value of the output current Iaut. Will change at any time for various reasons, so it may be counted into the number of times that the unbalance has occurred η, so the wrong unbalance detection signal is output. The setting of the counter frequency setting value X is to prevent this error from occurring. Therefore, although the actual displacement of the conventional detecting device M detects the unbalance of the load, the detecting device according to the present invention electronically detects the unbalance of the load. Therefore, a load state detection device for a three-phase induction motor is provided here, which can easily change the load imbalance detection level and has low cost and can have detection accuracy that does not change with time. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation 2 of the load unbalance detector 13 used in the load state detection device of the three-phase induction motor in Fig. 1; In this figure, the steps indicated by the reference number 301 are to clear the elapsed time timer t and the number of times the imbalance has occurred η to 0; the steps indicated by the number 302 are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification 210X297mm) Π --------- f —installed ------ reserved (please read the note on the back. Please fill in this page before paying attention) The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau employee consumer cooperative prints the economy The paper printed by the Ministry of Standards and Standards Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) A7 B7 5. Invention description (1 5) is the reading of the average time T1 from the input area 9 and the critical value Ith, and the number of times of the counter setting value X; the step represented by the number 303 is to set the elapsed time from the detection; the step represented by the number 304 is to read the instantaneous value of the q-axis current from the current conversion area 11; the number 305 represents The step is to calculate the average value of the q-axis current; the step indicated by the number 306 is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1; the step indicated by the number 307 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the q-axis current and the average value of the q-axis current Difference between The absolute value of Iab; the step represented by the number 308 is to determine whether Ieb is greater than the critical value Ith; the step represented by the number 309 is to increase the number of times the imbalance has occurred η plus 1; the step represented by the number 310 is to determine whether the imbalance has The number of occurrences η is greater than the set value of the number of times of the counter X; and the step represented by the number 311 is to output the imbalance detection signal. FIG. 5 is a current waveform diagram showing the operation 2 of the load unbalance detector 13 of FIG. 1; the operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. In step 301, the elapsed time timer t and the number of times that the imbalance has occurred η are cleared to 0M as the initial reset. In step 302, the average time TU critical value Ith which is longer than the output frequency period and the set value X of the counter at a constant speed time are read via the input area 9. In step 303, the elapsed time is set in the counter t. In step 304, only the instantaneous value of q-axis current U is taken from the current conversion area 11. q-The instantaneous value U of uranium current is a torque current component, and the output current fluctuation when the load is unbalanced is mainly due to the torque change. Therefore, if the instantaneous value of the q-axis current is used for detection, a large change will occur. 15 I f-order (please read the note on the back-matters before filling this page) 318888 A7 B7 5. Invention Instructions (16) (please read the note on the back. Please fill in this page before filling in this page) After printing by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, in step 305, calculate the time from the elapsed time t until the average time T1 The average value of the q-axis current of t-Tl. The average value of the q-sleeve current Uav is updated every time the elapsed time t elapses. In step 306, the decision whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1 is used for Determine whether the calculation of the average value of the first q-axis current is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T1, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first q-axis current lqev has not been completed. Then, control is returned to step 303. If t > T 1, it means that the first q-axis current average value Iqev is completed. Then in step 307, the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of q-sleeve current U and the average value of q-sleeve current is calculated In step 308, it will be transferred in step 302 The value Ith is compared with the absolute value Iab of this difference. In this comparison, if the load is balanced at constant speed time, the instantaneous value of q-axis current U is approximately equal to the average value of q-sleeve current Iqav, so lab is approximately Equal to zero; if the load is unbalanced, the instantaneous value U of the q-axis current fluctuates and does not cause its Ub to be approximately zero but Ub> Ith. The setting of this critical value Uh is to detect when the load is unbalanced The q-axis current fluctuates, so there is no need to detect a small instantaneous value of q-axis current when the load is balanced. When the load is balanced, the set value of Ith gradually increases and a value greater than unbalance has occurred The number of times is a value that cannot be counted. In step 308, if lab> lth, the number of times the unbalance has occurred is increased by 1 in step 309. If Ith, it is determined that the load is balanced, and control is returned to the step 303. In step 310, it is determined whether the number of times that the unbalance has occurred is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter taken in step 302. If n >) (, it is determined that the load is unbalanced, and in step 311 16 paper rulers Applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) A7 B7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The invention description () outputs the imbalance detection signal. If n SX, control will be transferred back to Step 303. Because current fluctuations occur repeatedly when the load is unbalanced, the instantaneous value of q-axis current "will change at any time for various reasons, so it may be counted as the number of times the unbalance has occurred η, so the output error is not Balance detection signal. The setting of the number of times of the counter X is to prevent this error from occurring. Therefore, only by using the instantaneous value of q-axis current without the instantaneous value of d-axis current can be easily, stably and accurately detected The load is unbalanced. Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation 3 of the load unbalance detector 13 used in the load state device of the three-phase induction motor in Fig. 1; In this figure, the step indicated by the number 401 is to clear the elapsed time timer t and the number of times the unbalance has occurred η to 0; the step indicated by the number 402 is to read the average time T1 from the input area 9 and the second average Time Τ2, critical value Uh, and the number of times of the counter setting value X; the step represented by the number 403 is to set the elapsed time from the detection; the step represented by the number 404 is to read the d-axis current and from the current conversion area 11 q-axis current; the step represented by the number 405 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current; the step represented by the number 406 is to calculate the average value of the second output current; the step represented by the number 407 is to calculate the average value of the first output current; The step indicated is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T]; the step indicated by the number 40 9 is to calculate the absolute value of the difference between the average value of the second output current and the average value of the first output current
Ub;數字4]0所表示之步驟為決定是否Iab大於臨界值Uh :數字411所表示之步驟為將不平衡已發生之次數nMl; 數字4〗2所表示之步驟為決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） ~ΓΊ ---------f -I------1T (請先閱讀背面之注-意事項再填寫本頁) ^18888 at __B7_ 五、發明説明（18 ) 於計數器之數字設定值X;而數字413所表示之步驟為輸出 不平衡檢測訊號。 現在將討論此實施例之操作。 在步驟410中，將經過時間計時器t和不平衡已發生之 次數η清除為0M做為啟始重設。在步驟402中，經由輸入 區9謓取當與反相器在定速時間之輸出頻率之週期相比較 時其為足夠較長並因而長於負載旋轉週期之平均時間Τ1、 當與負載旋轉通期比較時為足夠較短之第二平均時間Τ2、 電流臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X。在步驟40 3中， 將經過時間t設定於計數器中。在步驟404中，從電流轉換 區11謓取d -軸電流Id和q -軸電流U。在步驟405中，計算 輸出電流瞬間值lout。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 其後，在步驟40 6中，從經過時間t直到第二平均時間 T2之前的t-T2計算其第二輸出電流平均值。將此第二輸出 電流平均值Iav2設定成足夠小於平均時間T1但大於在步驟 404中從電流轉換區11所讀取之電流值週期之值，此乃為 了遊免將臨界值Ith設定的太大，和免於在當輸出電流瞬 間值1。^受諸如雜訊和波動影響時，其無法檢測負載不平 衡。每次當經過了經過時間t之後則更新此第二輸出電流 平均值。 其次，在步驟40 7 ,計算從經過時間t直到於平均時間 T1Z前的t-Tl之第一輸出電流平均值。每次當經過了經過 時間t之後則更新此第一輸出電流平均值在步驟408 中，經過時間是否等於或大於平均時間T 1之決定是用於判 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 18 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 B7 五、發明説明（19 ) 斷啟始第一輸出電流平均值1&^之計算是否完成。假如經 過時間t小於平均時間T1,表示啟始第一輸出電流平均值 lav之計算尚未完成。然後則將控制轉回至步驟403。假如 t>Tl,表示啟始第一輸出電流平均值計算是完成。 然後則將控制進行至步驟409。因為平均時間較Τ1短，故 第二輸出電流平均值IaV2可及時於此時計算之。然後，在 步驟409中，計算第二輸出電流平均值I&V2和第一輸出電 流平均值Iav間之差值的絕對值Iab。在步驟410中，將於 步驟402中所謓取之臨界值Ith與此差值之絕對值Iab相比 較。於此比較中，假如負載在定速時間是平衡的，則第二 輸出電流平均值Iav2大約等於第一輸出電流平均值1&ν, 故Iab大約等於零；假如負載是不平衡的，則第二輸出電 流平均值“V2是波動的因而並不會導致其lab大約等於零 而是Iab>Ith。因此，設定臨界值Ith是為了檢測當負載是 不平衡時其出電流之波動性，而不須在當負載是平衡時檢 測一微小的第二輸出電流平均值Ιβν2。當負載是平衡時， Ith之設定值逐漸地增加且設定成一大於不平衡已發生之 次數為無法被計數之值。 當在步驟410中Ub>Uh時，則將在步驟411中之不平 衡已發生之次數加1。假如1 a b S 11 h ,則判斷負載是平衡 的，且將控制轉回至步驟403。在步驟412中，決定是否不 平衡已發生之次數η大於在步驟402中所讀取之計數器之數 字設定值X。假如η>Χ,則判斷負載是不平衡的，且在步驟 413中輸出不平衡檢測訊號。假如ng)(，則將控制轉回至 Γ0 I--------ί ▲------,1τ (請先閲讀背面之注.意事項再填寫本頁) A7 ^18888 _B7_ 五、發明説明（2 〇 ) (請先閲讀背面之注.意事項再填寫本頁) 步驟403。因為當負載不平衡時電流波動重覆地發生，第 二輸出電流平均值Uv2將因各種的理由而陲時改變，因而 可能被計入為不平衡已發生之次數η,故輸出錯誤之不平 衡檢測訊號。計數器之次數設定值X之設定則是為防止此 錯誤之發生。 因此，可遊免因雜訊等之影響而導致錯誤的檢测，且 不須將用於檢測負載不平衡之不同電流值之臨界值Ith設 定成較所須更大之值，且可Μ更高之精確度檢測負載之不 平衡。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 第7圖和第8圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機 之負載狀態檢測裝置之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作4之流 程圖。於此圖中，參考數字501所表示之步驟為將經過時 間計時器t、不平衡已發生之次數η、和前次之電流差值 Isua清除為0;數字502所表示之步驟為輸入區9謓取平均 時間T1、臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X;數字503 所表示之步驟為設定從檢測開始之經過時間；數字5 0 4所 表示之步驟為從電流轉換區11讚取d -軸電流和q -軸電流； 數字505所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值；數字506所 表示之步驟為計算輸出電流平均值數字507所表示之步驟 為決定是否經過時間等於或大於平均時間T1;數字508所 表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值和輸出電流平均值之間 的電流差值Iub;數字509所表示之步驟為計算電流差值 ISUb之絕對值lab;數字5]0所表示之步驟為決定是否lab 大於臨界值Ith;數字511所表示之步驟為決定是否電流差 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0'〆297公釐） S18S88 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7_五、發明説明（2l ) 值Isub為正的；數字512所表之步驟為決定是否前次差電 流值為負的；數字513所表示之步驟為決定是否前次 差電流值“^為正的；數字514所表示之步驟為將不平衡 已發生之次數η加1;數字515所表示之步驟為將差電流值 Isub設定成前次差電流值Isua;數字516所表示之步驟為 決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於計數器之次數設定值X ;而數字517所表示之步驟為輸出不平衡檢測訊號。 第9圖係顯示於第1圖中三相感應禺達之負載狀態檢測 裝置之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作4的電流波形圖； 現在將討論此實施例之操作。 在步驟501中，將經過時間計時器t、不平衡已發生之 次數η、和前次差電流值Isua清除為0M做為啟始重設。此 前次差電流值為當檢測到相同的不平衡時其超過前次 臨界值lth之差電流值。在步驟502中，經由輸入區9讀取 當與在定速時間時之輸出頻率之週期相比較時其足夠較長 之平均時間T1、電流臨界值Ith、和計數器次數設定值X。 在步驟5 0 3中，將經過時間設定於計數器t中。在步驟5 04 中，從電流轉換區11讀取d -軸電流Id和q -軸電流Iq。在步 驟505中，計算輸出電流瞬間值其後，在步驟506中 ，從經過時間t直到平均時間T1之前的t-Tl計算其輸出電 流平均值。每經過一次的經過時間t則更新一次輸出電流 平均值。在步驟507中，經過時間是否等於或大於平均時 間T1之決定是用於判斷第一輸出電流平均值1«〃之計算是 否完成。假如經過時間t小於平均時間T1,表示第一輸出 2 1 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） I I I _| -^衣 訂 (請先閱讀背面之法意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7五、發明説明（22) 電流平均值lav之計算尚未完成。然後則將控制轉回至步 驟503。假如t>Tl,表示第一輸出電流平均值lav之計算是 瞬 流值 電流 出電 輸差 從到 此得 於便,M 8 V o a 5 I 驟值 步均 至平 行流 進電 制出 控輸 將去 則減 後中 然ut 0 ο 1 成值 完間 驟 步 在 中 ο 1X 5 驟 步 在值 bo差 Ia此 值與 對th 絕I 值 d界 SU臨 Ϊ 之 值 取 流賣 電所 差中 算 2 計 5 , 驟 中步 09於 -) 將 相 b 驟 步 I*在 值如 對假 絕 之 b & [ 〇 中 較10 ϊ rs 比 的 衡 平 是 載 負 斷 判 則 驟 步 至 回 轉 制 控 將 並 驟 步 在 定 決 此 於 驟正 步為 至否 跳是 制ub 控Ιβ 將流 則電 th差 >1之 ab定 丨決 所 中 如 假 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 流 b 電la 差有 如具 假定 〇 決 的此 u h e t 驟 步 至 跳 制 控 將 則 的 正 是 b 值 流 電 差 次 前 之 的 負 為 否 是 於假 驟衡 步平 在不 如是 載 1 負加 斷數 判次 則 之 , 生 的發 負已 是衡 ua.平 Ιβ不 值將 流中 電14 -y 差 次 前 之 中 驟 步 在 且 並 流 電 差 次 前 Μ 為13 定 值 設流 0U電 Ιβ差 值次 流前 電之 差中 前12 5 ΠΠ 中步 5 在 51如 驟假 步 〇 在 Μ 時Ιβ 同值 的 正 是 驟 步 過 跳 貝 值 流 電 差 前 @ 將 中 5 11 5 驟 步 在 且 並 設 a υ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 值 流 電 差 次 前 為 定 之 中 11 11 5 驟 步 在 如 假 說 話 句 換 驟 步 至 跳 制 控 將 nu 貝 的 正 是 不 b υ β 7Χ 流 ge 差 定 決 此 於 a I 有 5 » 具驟衡 之 h 步平 在不 如是 假載10 。 負加 的斷數 正判次 為則之 否 ，生 是的發 ua正已 Ιβ是衡 值ua平 流13不 電值將 差流中 4 j«IT 1 前差i 次 前 之 中 驟 步 在 且 並 在 時 同 US過 la跳 值則 流 ， S 勺 ΙζίΠΓ UJ 差負 次是 前 S 為Ia 定 值 設流 ?電 18差 值次 流前 電之 差中 前12 5 目 驟 將 η 步 中 5 在 51如 驟假 步 〇 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準（CNS > Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） 22 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（23 ) 步驟514,並且在步驟51 5中將目前差電流值Isua設定為前 次差電流值Ieue。步驟511至515的目的是為了計數上臨界 點（在 Iab>TthM lsub>0)和下臨界點（在 Iab^TthM lsub〈0) 交互地超越之次數Μ便做為不平衡發生之次數，此乃藉由 注意到負載不平衡是因有大和小波形出現於輸出電流中之 事實。 在步驟516中，決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於在 步驟5 0 2中所讀取之計數器之次數設定值X。假如η > X ,則 判斷負載是不平衡的，則在步驟517中輸出不平衡檢測訊 號。假如η <= X ,則將控制轉回至步驟5 0 3。 因此，當負載不平衡時藉由檢测輸出電流所發生之大 大小小波，故可不必將用於檢測負載不平衡之差電流值之 臨界值設定成較所須更大之值；且可Μ更高之精確度檢測 負載之不平衡。 第10圖係顯示用於第1圖中之三相感應電動機之負載 狀態檢測裝置之負載不平衡檢測器13之操作5之流程圖。 於此圖中，參考數字601所表示之步驟為將經過時間計時 器t、第二經過時間計時器t2、和不平衡已發生之次數η清 除為0;數字602所表示之步驟為從輸入區9謓取平均時間 Τ1、臨界值Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X及計數次數清除 時間Te值；數字603所表示之步驟為設定從檢測開始之經 過時間同時亦設定第二經過時間t2;數字604所表示之步 驟為從電流轉換區1 1讀取d -軸電流和-軸電流；數字6 0 5 所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值；數字606所表示之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 23 I--------f *裝------訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明（24 ) 步驟為計算輸出電流平均值；數字60 7所表示之步驟為決 定是否經過時間等於或大於平均時間T 1 ;數字6 0 8所表示 之步驟為決定是否第二經過時間t2大於計數器數字之清除 時間Tc ;數字609所表示之步驟為將第二經過時間計時器 t2、和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0;數字610所表示之 步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值和輸出電流平均值之間差值之 絕對值Iab;數字611所表示之步驟為決定是否lab大於臨 界值Ith;數字612所表示之步驟為將不平衡已發生之次數 η加1;數字613所表示之步驟為決定是否不平衡已發生之 次數η大於計數器之數字設定值X;而數字614所表示之步 驟為輸出不平衡檢測訊號。 現在將討論此實施例之操作。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 在步驟6 0 1中，將經過時間計時器t、第二經過時間計 時器t2、和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0M做為啟始重設 。在步驟602中，經由輸入區9謓取當與在定速時間之輸出 頻率之週期相比較時足夠較長之平均時間Τ1、電流臨界值 Ith、和計數器之次數設定值X及計數次數清除時間Tc值。 在步驟603中，設定從檢測開始之經過時間同時亦將從清 除為0之時間設定於第二經過時間計時器t2。在步驟604中 ，從電流轉換區11讀取d -軸電流Id和q -軸電流U。在步驟 605中，計算輸出電流瞬間值1。^。 其後，在步驟606中，從經過時間t直到平均時間T1之 前的t-Tl計算其輸出電流平均值。每經過一次的經過時間 t則更新一次輸出電流平均值。在步驟607中，經過時間是 24 (請先閲讀背面之；Ϊ事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 318888 A7 B7 五、發明説明（25 ) 否等於或大於平均時間T1之決定是用於判斷第一輸出電流 (請先閲讀背面之注惫事項再填寫本頁) 平均值I a v之計算是否完成。假如經過時間t小於平均時間 T1,表示第一輸出電流平均值1&^之計算尚未完成。然後 則將控制轉回至步驟6 0 3。 假如t>Tl,表示第一輸出電流平均值lav之計算是完 成。然後則將控制轉至步驟608,於此決定是否第二經過 時間大於計數器數字之清除時間Tc。假如前者大於後者 ，則在步驟6 0 9中，將第二經時間計時器t 2、和不平衡已 發生之次數η清除為0,並將控制轉至步驟603。若t2不大 於T c則控制進行至6 1 0。將計數器數字之清除時間T c設定 成大於平均時間T 1。 依據時間而將不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0的理由是 ：因為在負載不平衡的狀況下，輸出電流的瞬間改變重覆 地發生，故在計數器數字清除時間Tc内不平衡發生之次數 將多於設定於計數器內之數字設定值X。因此，每經過一 段時間則須將不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0,而且假如不 平衡已發生之次數η很小，則將其處理作錯誤的檢測。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 在步驟610中，計算輸出電流瞬間值Uut和輸出電流 平均值I a v間之差值的絕對值1 a b。在步驟6 1 1中，將於步 驟602中所讀取之臨界值Ith與此差值之絕對值Iat>相比較 。假如在步驟611中Ieb>Uh,則在步驟612中將不平衡已 發生之次數η加1。假如I a b忘11 h ,則判斷負載是平衡的， 並將控制轉回至步驟603。在步驟613中，決定是否不平衡 已發生之次數η大於在步驟602中所謓取之計數器之數字設 25 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（26) 定值X。假如η < X ,則判斷負載是不平衡的，且在步驟6 1 4 中輸出不平衡檢測訊號。假如nSX,則將控制轉回至步驟 603。因此，設定此用於計數次數之特定時間，且每經過 此特定時間則將已發生次數之數目清除為〇,且假如不平 衡已發生之次數η很小，則將其處理為錯誤的檢測，故不 須常常檢測負載之不平衡，所以可使三相感應電動機之負 載有效地運轉。 第11圖偽顯示依據本發明之第六實施例之用於三相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖。相同於先前參考 第1圖所描述之元件則Μ相同的參考數字標示於第11圖中， 且不再於此重述。於此圖示中，參考數字15係表示檢測執 行訊號輸入裝置，其乃由從外部來之用於啟動和終止負載 不平衡檢測之輸入來開啟和闞閉。 第12圖係顯示用於第11圖中之負載不平衡檢測器13之 操作的流程圖。於此圖中，參考數字801所表示之步驟為 將經過時間計時器t、和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0; 數字802所表示之步驟為從輸入區9謓取平均時間Τ〗、臨界 值Uh、和計數器之數字設定值X;數字803所表示之步驟 為決定是否檢測執行訊號輸入裝置15之不平衡檢測啟動輸 入是開啟的；數字804所表示之步驟為設定從檢測開始之 經過時間；數字805所表示之步驟為從電流轉換區11讀取 d-軸電流和q-軸電流；數字806所表示之步驟為計算輸出 電瞬間值；數字807所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流平均值； 數字808所表示之步驟為決定是否經過時間等於或大於平 I I ^ I I 訂 (請先閲讀背面之法意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 26 A7 B7 五、發明説明（27 ) 均時間T1;數字809所表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值 和輸出電流平均值之間差值的絕對值Ieb;數字810所表示 之步驟為決定是否Iab大於臨界值Uh;數字811所表示之 步驟為將不平衡已發生之次數η加1;數字812所表示之步 驟為將決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於計數器之數字 設定值X;數字813所表示之步驟為決定是否檢測執行訊號 輸入裝置15之不平衡檢測啟動輸入是開啟的；而數字8 1. 4 所表示之步驟為輸出不平衡檢測訊號。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 現在將討論此實施例之操作。在第11圖中，當檢測執 行訊號輸入裝置〗5是開啟的時，反相器51藉由負載不平衡 檢測器13檢測三相感應電動機6之負載的不平衡，並且藉 由輸出區14輸出訊號。當檢測執行訊號輸入裝置]5是闞閉 的時，反相器51終止於負載不平衡檢測器13之檢測。舉例 而言，假設當其負載為一全自動洗衣機之滾筒，僅當旋轉 乾衣時須要檢测，而洗衣時則不須。假如所執行之控制程 序是當有一不平衡檢測訊號輸出時即停止此洗衣機，其缺 點是當洗衣時有可能錯誤的輪出一不平衡檢測訊號。因此 ，將檢測執行訊號輸入裝置15關閉使其不必檢測不平衡。 將參考第12圖討論負載不平衡檢測器13之操作。 在步驟801中，將經過時間計時器t、和不平衡已發生 之次數η清除為0M做為啟始重設。在步驟802中，經由輸 入區9讀取當與在定速時間之輸出頻率之週期相比較時其 足夠較長之平均時間Τ1、電流臨界值Ith、和計數器之數 字設定值X。在步驟803中，決定是否檢測執行訊號輸入裝 27 (請先閲讀背面之：¾事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 __B7_ 五、發明説明（28 ) 置15之不平衡檢測啟動輸入是開啟的。假如其是闞閉的， 將不執行檢測操作，並且將控制轉回至步驟801。假如檢 測執行訊號輸入裝置15是開啟，則在步驟804中；將經過 時間設定於計數器t中。在步驟805中，從電流轉換區11讀 取d -軸電流Id和q -袖電流IQ。在步驟806中，計算輸出電 流瞬間佈lout。其後，在步驟807中，從經過時間t直到平 均時間T1之前的t-Tl計算其輸出電流平均值。每經過一次 的經過時間t則更新一次輸出電流平均。在步驟8 0 8中，經 過時間是否等於或大於平均時間T1之決定是用於判斷第一 輸出電流平均值Iav2計算是否完成。假如經過時間t小於 平均時間T1,表示第一輸出電流平均值Iav之計算尚未完 成。然後則將控制轉回至步驟8 0 3。 假如t>Tl,表示第一輸出電流平均值Iav之計算是完 成。然後則將控制轉至步驟809,於此計算輸出電流瞬間 值lout和輸出電流平均值Iav間之差值的絕對值lab。在步 驟810中，將於步驟802中所_取之臨界值Ith與此差值之 絕對值Ub相比較。假如在步驟810中Iab>Tth,則在步驟 8 ] 1中將不平衡已發生之次數η加1。假如I a b彡T t h ,則判 斷負載是平衡的，並將控制轉回至步驟803。在步驟812中 ，決定是否不平衡已發生之次數η大於在步驟802中所讀取 之計數器之數字設定值X。假如η >5(,則判斷負載是不平衡 的，並且將控制轉至步驟813,於此再度判斷是否檢測執 行訊號輸入裝置]5是開啟的，假如其是關閉的，將不執行 檢測操作，並且將控制轉回至步驟801，於此將經過時間 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 28 ---------f '裝------訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 318888 a7 B7 五、發明説明（29 ) 計時器t、和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0。假如檢测執 行訊號輸入裝置15是開啟的，則在步驟814中，輸出不平 衡檢測訊號。假如在步驟8 1 2中n S 5(,則將控制轉回至步 驟 8 0 3。 因此，三相感應電動機之負載的不平衡只須在需要時 檢測之。舉例而言，對一洗衣機，僅在旋轉乾衣期間須執 行不平衡檢測，而於洗衣時則不必。 第13圖係顯示依據本發明之第七實施例之用於三相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置的方塊圖。相同於先前參考 第1圖所描述之元件則Μ相同的參考數字標示於第13圖中， 且不再於此重述。參考數字16係表示用於利用從輸出頻率 和電壓運算單元12來之輸出頻率和經由輸入區9來之特定 頻率決定反相器之運轉狀態之運轉狀態決策裝置，且假如 此反相器是Μ定速運轉，其用於在定逮時間時送出一訊號 至負載不平衡檢測器13。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 第14圖係顯示用於第13圖中之負載不平衡檢測器13之 操作的流程圖。於此圖中，參考數字1001所表示之步驟為 將經過時間計時器t、和不平衡已發生之次數η清除為0; 數字1002所表示之步驟為從輸入區9讓取平均時間T1、臨 界值Ith、和計數器之數字設定值X;數字〗003所表示之步 驟為決定是否反相器是Μ定速運轉：數字1004所表示之步 驟為設定從檢測開始之經過時間；數字1005所表示之步驟 為從電流轉換區11讀取d-軸電流和q-軸電流；數字1 0 06所 表示之步驟為計算輸出電流瞬間值；數字1007所表示之步 29 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（30 ) 驟為計算輸出電流平均值；數字1008所表示之步驟為決定 是否經過時間等於或大於平均時間T1;數字1009所表示之 步驟為決定計算輸出電流瞬間值和輸出電流平均值之間差 值之絕對值I^b;數字1010所表示之步驟為決定是否1^大 於臨界值Ith;數字1011所表示之步驟為將不平衡已發生 之次數η加1;數字1012所表示之步驟為決定是否不平衡已 發生之次數η大於計數器之數字設定值X;數字10U所表示 之步驟為決定是否反相器是Μ定速蓮轉；而數宇1014所表 示之步驟為輸出不平衡檢測訊號。 第15圖係顯示用於解釋第13圖中之負載不平衡檢測器 13之操作的電流波形圖； 現在將討論此實施例之操作。在第13圖中，當從輸出 頻率和電壓運算單元12來之輸出頻率和經由輸入區9來之 特定頻率在運轉狀態決策裝置16中是相吻合時，裝置16決 定此反相器是在定速運轉，並且送出一指示此反相器是在 定速運轉之訊號至負載不平衡檢測器13,然後其開始三相 感應電動機6之負載的不平衡檢測。一但檢測到負載是不 平衡的，則負載不平衡檢測器13從輸出區14輸出一負載不 平衡檢測訊號。當從輸出頻率和電壓運算單元12來之輸出 頻率和經由輸入區9來之特定頻率在運轉狀態決策裝置16 中不是吻合時，裝置16決定此反相器是在加速或減速運轉 中，故負載不平衡檢測器13不動作。 將參考第14圖之流程圖討論負載不平衡檢測器13之操 作。在步驟1001中，將經過時間計時器t、和不平衡已發 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） 30 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝_ A7 B7 318888 五、發明説明（31 ) i j I 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 生之次數η清除為0M做為啟始重設。在步驟1002中，經由 輸入區9讀取當與在定速時間之輸出頻率之週期相比較時 其足夠較長之平均時間Τ1、電流臨界值Ith、和計數器之 數字設定值X。在步驟1003中，依據是否有訊號從運轉狀 態決策裝置16輸出而決定是否反相器是以定速運轉。當無 訊號出現時，將不執行檢測操作。然後，將控制轉回至步 驟1001。假如從運轉狀態決策裝置16輸出之訊號是存在時 ，則在步驟I 0 0 4中，將經過時間設定於計時器t中。在步 驟1005中，從電流轉換區11讀取d -軸電流Ιοί和q -軸電流 U。在步驟1006中，計算輸出電流瞬間值其後，在 步驟1 0 0 7中，從經過時間t直到平均時間T 1之前的t - T 1計 算其輸出電流平均值。每經過一次的經過時間t則更新一 次輸出電流平均值。在步驟1008中，經過時間是否等於或 大於平均時間T]之決定是用於判斷第一輸出電流平值lav 之計算是否完成。假如經過時間t小於平均時間T 1 ,表示 第一輸出電流平均值lav之計算尚未完成。然後則將控制 轉回至步驟1003。假如t>Tl,表示第一輸出電流平均值 1 a v之計算是完成。然後則將控制轉至步驟1 0 0 9 ,於此計 算輸出電流瞬間值Icut和輸出電流平均值間之差值的 絕對值hb。在步驟1010中，將於步驟1002中所讀取之臨 界值Ith與此差值之絕對值lab相比較。 假如在步驟1010中Iab>Tth,則在步驟1011中將不平 衡已發生之次數η加1。假如I a b各T t h ,則判斷負載是平衡 的，並將控制轉回至步驟1003。在步驟1012中，決定是否 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 318888 A7 B7五、發明説明（32 ) 不平衡已發生之次數ri大於在步驟1002中所謓取之計數器 之數字設定值X。假如η > X ,則判斷負載是不平衡的，並且 將控制轉回步驟1013,於此再度依據是否有訊號從運轉狀 態決策裝置16輸出而決定是否反相器是Μ定速運轉。當無 訊號出現時，將不執行檢測操作。然後，將控制轉回至步 驟1 0 0〗，於此將經過時間計時器t、和不平衡已發生之次 數η清除為0。假如從運轉狀態決策裝置16輸出之訊號存在 時，則在步驟1〇〗4中輸出不平衡檢測訊號。假如在步驟 中 ο 11 驟 控 至 回 轉 制 控 將 則 或要 速必 加不 於有 生 會 發不 是將 衡轉 平運 不載 載負 負故 之 ， 中作 圖操 15测 第檢 於行 算執 就不 , 將 此 ， 因時 遵 減 衡 平 不 矩 轉 〇 之 衡 時平 速不 定矩 於轉 轉態 運暫 測之 檢時 僅速 將減 , 或 ^目速 而加 例於 舉測 〇 檢 止不 停而 之 , 感 考 相 參 三 前 於先 用於 之 同 例相 施 。 實圖 八塊 第方 之 之 明置 發裝 本測 據檢 依態 示狀 顯載 係負 圖之 16機 第動 電 應 中 圖 6 1J 第 於 示 標 字 數 考 參 的 同 相 以 則 件 元 之 述 描 所 圖 逑 重 此 於 再 不 第且 時 衡 平 不 載 負 至 測 檢 當 衡 平 不 載 負 從 . .1「 f * 訂 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 和機在 率動要 頻電須 出應不 輸感 ， 至相時 號 三 號 訊止訊 止停測 停並檢 器速衡 相減平 反 5 不 一 器出 出相輸 送反當 3 13旦在 器 ，其 測12得 檢元使 單 算 遵 壓 _Ε ο 質 8 中 制 控 序 程 衡 平 不 載 負 從 於 應 因 I 機 〇 動 機電 衣此 洗 ， 止時 停生 於發 用衡 序平 程不 部載 外負 一 當 規 ^目 〇 而 止例 停舉 且 。 並壞 速損 減的 動器 白 機 而 致 號導 訊而 止衡 停 平 之 不 出 之 送 載 3 1 負 器 因 測免 檢遊 可 此 因 不 將 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） 32 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（33 ) 會損壞三相感應電動機之轉軸或離心率將不會導致負載打 擊到牆，因而損壞機器；於此亦不須要用於防止損壞之外 部程序。 第17圖係顯示依據本發明之實施例之用於單相感應電 動機之負載狀態檢測裝置之方塊圖，其中參考數字20係表 示一單相AC電源供應器：數字21係表示反相器之轉換區； 數字3係表示反相器之平化電容器；數字22係表示反相器 之反相區；數字23係表示反相器之電流檢測器；數字24係 表示單相感應電動機；數字25係表示單相感應電動機之負 載；數字26係表示反相器之控制區；數字9係表示反相器 之用於輸入工作命令設定值之輸入區；數字27係表示用於 將由雙相電流檢測器23所檢测到之雙相電流轉換成與輸出 頻率同步轉動之d-q軸電流之電流轉換器，其並且決定d-軸電流Μ向量控制之激發相電流、和<?-铀電流、和轉矩相 電流；數字12係表示用於將從輸出區9來之設定值和從電 流轉換器27來之d-軸電流和q-軸電流換算成輸出頻率和輸 出電壓之輸出頻率和電壓計算單元；數字13係表示用於檢 測因為從電流轉換器27來之d -軸電流和q -軸電流因負載不 平衡而附帶發生的電流波動之負載不平衡檢測器；數字 14係表示依據負載不平衡之檢測而輸出訊號至外部之輸出 區；和數字5係表示整個反相器。 於第一至第九實豳例中之不平衡檢测訊號可輸出做為 .舉例而言，諸如開啟整流子、繼電器輸出、如蜂鳴器之 音頻輸出、或如LED之光輸出的電子訊號。 .—I I —f -批衣 I訂 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 33 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（34 ) 因為於第一至第八實豳例中之三相電流之和為0，故 假如已決定其中兩相，則可計算得到所剩的那一相。因此 ，僅此三相的其中兩相須用於電流檢測之檢測。 再者，於第一至第八實施例中輸入至設定裝置之值可 隨所需而從用於改變將被檢測之負載不平衡之位準之外部 而改變之。 於第一至第八實施例中，已經討論過反相器之使用， 但是本發明可應用於其它變頻、變電壓輸出裝置，是無庸 置疑。 雖然於第一至第八實施例中對三相感應電動機之負載 檢測的描述中，已經討論過d -和q -軸電流之使用，如於第 二實施例中所討論的，電動機負載亦可藉由僅使用q -軸電 流而檢測之。因此，藉由將於第三至第八實施例中之反相 器之控制區以描述於第二實施例中之反相器之控制區取代 其可使用其它的負載狀態檢測裝置。 於此已經描述過用於由例中之反相器所驅動之三相感 應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置，但是變頻、變電壓應用之 電源供應器並不是僅局限於反相器。有關三相感應電動機 之說明亦適用於其它的感應電動機。 因此，依據本發明，用於在當有一特定電流輸入時可 有效轉動負載之感應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置，其包含 有一用於檢測電流瞬間值之電流檢測裝置；一用於以電流 瞬間值和特定平均時間為基礎檢測電流平均值之平均電流 檢測裝置；用於決定電流瞬間值和電流平均間值之間的差 本紙ϋϋ用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 34 I-------ί —裝------訂 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 318888 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 B7五、發明説明（35 ) 值之電流值比較裝置；用於將由電流值比較裝置所得之值 和第一特定值相比較，並計數其差值大於特定值之次數的 計數裝置；和在某一特定時間內假如由計數裝置所計數之 值大於第二特定值，其可用於停止負載轉動之裝置，因此 其可避免因負載不平衡而導致裝置之機械損壞，且是可由 電子檢測。所以，於此提供一用於感應電動機之負載狀態 檢測裝置，其可Μ很容易的改變其負載不平衡檢測位準和 Μ低成本而具有不隨時間而改變之檢測精確度。 用於在當有一特定電流輸入時可有效轉動負載之感應 電動機之負載狀態檢測裝置，其包含有一用於檢測電流瞬 間值之電流檢測裝置；一用於以電流瞬間值和特定平均時 間為基礎決定電流平均值之平均電流檢測裝置；用於決定 電流瞬間值和電流平均值之間的差值之電流值比較裝置； 用於將由電流值比較裝置所得之值和第一特定值相比較， 並計數其差值大於特定值之次數的計數裝置；和用於告知 使用者負載已經處於不平衡狀態之警告裝置，因此其可遊 免因負載不平衡而導致裝置之機械損壞，且是可由電子檢 測。所Μ,於此提供一用於感應電動機之負載狀態檢測裝 置，其可Μ很容易的改變其負載不平衡檢測位準和Κ低成 本而具有不隨時間而改變之檢測精確度。 檢測用於負載之電流的電流瞬間值；決定於某一特定 平均時間內之電流瞬間值之電流平均值；決定電流瞬間值 和電流平均值之間的差值之絕對值；檢測此絕對值大於某 一特定值之次數；和依據此檢測值而輸出負載狀態檢測訊 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公釐） 35 I 11 —^ I n 、\'吞 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明（36 ) 號，因此，可電子檢測負載不平衡。所於此提供一用 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 變變 是時間值態電 定流定流均值態檢之 定值某 改改 流均瞬對狀軸 。特電特電平對狀的值 。特間於 的而 電平流絕載q-值一與二與流絕載誤流衡一瞬大 易間 之定 電此負M間第 當第當 電此負錯電平 某流值 容時 載特袖測出僅瞬於間於間一測出致差不於電對 很隨 負一q-檢輸地流定時定時第檢輸導之載定定絕 M不 於某定；而易電決均決均定；而而衡負決決此 可有 用 於決值 值容軸.，平.，平 決值值響平测；.，定 其具 中定；對测和d-值此的此；對測影不檢值值決 , 而 其決值絕檢定用間中短中的絕檢之載地間均 .， 法本 ，；均之此穩使瞬其夠其長之此等負確瞬平值 方成 值換平值據 且須之 ，足 ，夠值據訊測精流流對 測低 間轉流差依地不流值是值足差依雜檢高電電絕 檢 Μ 瞬做電的和確而電均時均是的和為於 Μ 的之之 態和 流 置軸間.，精衡 入平較 平時間.，因用可流值值 狀準 .電裝q-之數高平輸流比流較之數免定 ，電間差 載位 之換 之值次 Μ 不 之 電相電 比值次遊設此 之瞬的 負測 流轉值均之 可載載一期二 相均之可須因載流間 之檢 。電流間平值此負負第過第期平值此除 。負電之 機衡度軸電瞬流定 因測於 之載之 週流定因免求 於之值 動平確q-軸流電特 ，檢用內負內載電特 ，可需用内均 電不精测Q-電軸一號值測間之間負二 一號且之測間平 應載測檢d-之q-某訊間檢時值時之第某訊並界檢時流 感負檢 一内和於測瞬 均間均值和於測 ，臨 均電 於其之 由間值大檢流 平瞬平瞬值大檢測大 平和 I ^ 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 36 318888 A7 B7五、發明説明（37 ) 一特定值和其極性不同於前次大於此特定值時的差值電流 因界 檢時數 α 由 行運態時不 ，臨 即出次ig效藉 執之狀速有 號大 間超之 i 有是 在度載減會 負 訊之 。時是生 — 更乃 正速負或不 翻 測值衡定數發纟的此 否常動速將 檢流平特次已 行 ， 是正啟加轉 態電不一定衡 i 執號 定行而於運 項 狀差載某特平 P 轉訊 決執號生載 載之負是此不 運測 K 在訊發負 負衡测數內如 之檢 較正的是故 出平檢次之假II載態 比 其轉衡 ， 輸不地之間 。㊣負狀 。相斷運平作 而載確值時號 機載號率判之不操 值負精定定訊 — 動負訊頻如度載測 誤 測測高特特測 f 電此止出假速負檢 措 檢檢M一 一 檢 應出終輸且常算態 此於可某某態 Μ 感輸和與而正就狀 據用 ，於在狀 Μ 使才始率，示，載 依定此大當載 ξ 可時啟頻轉指此負 且 設因值 僅負」 Μ 要測殊運一因行 。 將 並須 。對且此爿所須檢特之由 。執止 ; 除求絕 ，出員 。當態一度藉作不停 數免需此次輸、’衡僅狀將速則操將之 次可之 一才 Μ 平 載 常，測其要 很 之此值 測，^不 負 正轉檢，必 ---------,,裝------訂 (請先閱讀背面之沭意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Μ規格（210X297公釐） 37Ub; Number 4] The step indicated by 0 is to determine whether Iab is greater than the critical value Uh: The step indicated by number 411 is the number of times the imbalance has occurred nMl; The step indicated by number 4〗 2 is to determine whether the imbalance has occurred The number of times η the size of the large paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297mm) ~ ΓΊ --------- f -I ------ 1T (please read the note on the back first- Please fill in this page if you need to) ^ 18888 at __B7_ 5. Description of the invention (18) The digital setting value X in the counter; and the step indicated by the number 413 is to output the imbalance detection signal. The operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. In step 410, the elapsed time timer t and the number of times that the imbalance has occurred η are cleared to 0M as the initial reset. In step 402, the input area 9 is selected to be sufficiently long when compared with the period of the output frequency of the inverter at a constant speed time and thus longer than the average time T1 of the load rotation period, when compared with the load rotation period The time is a sufficiently short second average time T2, the current threshold value Ith, and the set value X of the number of times of the counter. In step 403, the elapsed time t is set in the counter. In step 404, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current U are taken from the current conversion area 11b. In step 405, the output current instantaneous value lout is calculated. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). Then, in step 406, calculate the number of t-T2 from the elapsed time t until the second average time T2. Two average output current. The average value of the second output current Iav2 is set to be sufficiently smaller than the average time T1 but greater than the value of the current value period read from the current conversion area 11 in step 404, in order to avoid setting the critical value Ith too much, And the exempted value is 1 when the output current is instantaneous. ^ When affected by noise and fluctuations, it cannot detect load imbalance. Each time the elapsed time t elapses, this second output current average value is updated. Next, at step 407, the average value of the first output current t-Tl from the elapsed time t until the average time T1Z is calculated. Each time when the elapsed time t elapses, the average value of the first output current is updated. In step 408, whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T 1 is used to judge that the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X297 mm) 18 The paper standard printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (19) The first output current at the start of interruption Whether the calculation of the average value 1 & ^ is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T1, it means that the calculation of the first output current average lav has not been completed. Then control is transferred back to step 403. If t > Tl, it means that the first average calculation of the first output current is completed. Then, the control proceeds to step 409. Because the average time is shorter than T1, the second output current average value IaV2 can be calculated in time at this time. Then, in step 409, the absolute value Iab of the difference between the second output current average value I & V2 and the first output current average value Iav is calculated. In step 410, the threshold value Ith obtained in step 402 is compared with the absolute value Iab of the difference. In this comparison, if the load is balanced at constant speed, the average value of the second output current Iav2 is approximately equal to the average value of the first output current 1 & ν, so Iab is approximately equal to zero; if the load is unbalanced, the second The average value of the output current "V2 is fluctuating, so it does not cause its lab to be approximately equal to zero but Iab> Ith. Therefore, the threshold Ith is set to detect the fluctuation of the output current when the load is unbalanced, without having to When the load is balanced, a small average value of the second output current Ιβν2 is detected. When the load is balanced, the set value of Ith gradually increases and is set to a value greater than the number of times the unbalance has occurred as a value that cannot be counted. When Ub> Uh in 410, the number of times the unbalance has occurred in step 411 is increased by 1. If 1 ab S 11 h, it is determined that the load is balanced, and control is returned to step 403. In step 412 , Determine whether the number of times that the unbalance has occurred is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter read in step 402. If η > X, it is determined that the load is unbalanced, and in step 413 the output is not Weighing detection signal. If ng) (, then transfer control back to Γ0 I -------- ί ▲ ------, 1τ (please read the note on the back. Please fill in this page before you notice) A7 ^ 18888 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (2 〇) (please read the notes on the back. Please fill in this page before step) Step 403. Because the current fluctuation occurs repeatedly when the load is unbalanced, the average value of the second output current Uv2 It will be changed due to various reasons, so it may be counted as the number of times the imbalance has occurred η, so the wrong imbalance detection signal is output. The number of times set in the counter is set to prevent this error. Therefore, it is possible to avoid erroneous detection due to the influence of noise, etc., and it is not necessary to set the critical value Ith for different current values used to detect load imbalance to a larger value than necessary, and may be higher. Accuracy detection of load imbalance. Figures 7 and 8 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs show the load unbalance detector used in the load state detection device of the three-phase induction motor in Figure 1 Flow chart of operation 4 in 13. In this figure, the reference number The step indicated by 501 is to clear the elapsed time timer t, the number of times the unbalance has occurred η, and the previous current difference Isua to 0; the step indicated by the number 502 is the average time T1 in the input area 9 The value Ith and the number of times of the counter setting value X; the step represented by the number 503 is to set the elapsed time from the start of the detection; the step represented by the number 5 0 4 is to like the d-axis current and the q-axis from the current conversion area 11 Current; the step represented by the number 505 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current; the step represented by the number 506 is to calculate the average value of the output current. The step represented by the number 507 is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1; the number 508 represents The steps are to calculate the current difference Iub between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current; the step indicated by the number 509 is to calculate the absolute value of the current difference ISUb lab; the step indicated by the number 5] 0 is to determine whether lab is greater than Critical value Ith; the step indicated by the number 511 is to determine whether the current difference is 20. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0'〆297mm) S18S88 Central Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7_ printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Bureau of Standards V. Description of invention (2l) The value Isub is positive; the steps shown in the number 512 are to determine whether the previous difference current value is negative; the steps indicated by the number 513 are to determine whether The previous difference current value "^ is positive; the step indicated by the number 514 is to increase the number of times the unbalance has occurred η plus 1; the step indicated by the number 515 is to set the difference current value Isub to the previous difference current value Isua; The step indicated by the number 516 is to determine whether the number of times the unbalance has occurred η is greater than the set value X of the counter; and the step indicated by the number 517 is to output the unbalance detection signal. Fig. 9 is a current waveform diagram of operation 4 of the load unbalance detector 13 of the load state detection device of the three-phase induction Yuda shown in Fig. 1; the operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. In step 501, the elapsed time timer t, the number of times the unbalance has occurred η, and the previous differential current value Isua are cleared to 0M as the initial reset. The previous differential current value is the differential current value that exceeds the previous critical value lth when the same imbalance is detected. In step 502, the average time T1, the current critical value Ith, and the counter number setting value X which are sufficiently long when compared with the period of the output frequency at the constant speed time are read through the input area 9. In step 503, the elapsed time is set in the counter t. In step 504, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current Iq are read from the current conversion area 11. In step 505, the instantaneous value of the output current is calculated and thereafter, in step 506, the average value of the output current is calculated from t-T1 before the elapsed time t until the average time T1. Each time elapsed time t updates the average output current. In step 507, the decision whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1 is used to judge whether the calculation of the first output current average value 1 «〃 is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T1, it means the first output 2 1 This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) III _ |-^ Clothing (please read the legal matters on the back before filling in (This page) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (22) The calculation of the current average lav has not been completed. Then control is transferred back to step 503. If t > Tl, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first output current lav is the instantaneous current value. The difference between the current output and the output is now convenient, and the M 8 V oa 5 I step value is all parallel to the current input control output. After subtracting it, the value of ut 0 ο 1 is in the middle of the process. 1X 5 is the difference between the value bo and Ia. 2 in the middle of calculation, 5 in the middle, step 09 in the step-) the phase b step I * in the value as the false b & [〇 in comparison to 10 ϊ rs ratio is equal to the load of the judgment step back to The control system will be changed to the final step, and the step will be changed to the final step. The control will be ub. The control will be Ιβ. The current will be poor.> The ab determination of the decision is false (please read the precautions on the back first. (Fill in this page) Current b electric la difference is like a hypothesis. This uhet step to jump control will be the negative of the b value before the current difference is the false step balance is not as good as Contains 1 negative plus the number of times to judge the second, the resulting negative is already ua. Flat Ιβ worthless will flow 14 -y difference The first step is in the middle and the current difference before the parallel current is M 13 is set at a fixed value. The current difference between the current and current is the first 12 5 ΠΠ middle step 5 at 51 as a sudden step 〇 at M Ιβ is the same value before stepping through the bounce value before the current difference @ 将 中 5 11 5 Steps and set a υ before the number of times the value of the current difference is printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy 11 11 5 Step by step, if the sentence is false, change the step to the jump control, and control the nu shell. It is not b υ β 7Χ flow ge. The difference is determined by a I. There are 5 »h with a step balance. Stepping is worse than false Set 10. Negative addition of the positive number of negative judgments is the case or not, the original ua is already Ιβ is the value of ua advection 13 the value of electricity will be in the difference 4 j «IT 1 before the difference i times before the step in the middle and And at the same time when the US jumps over the la jump value, the flow is negative. The difference between S and ΙζίΠΓ UJ is the former S for Ia. The current is set to the value of Ia? In 51 steps, the paper standard adopts the Chinese National Standard (CNS > Α4 specification (210Χ297 mm) 22 A7 B7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention description (23) Step 514, and In step 515, the current difference current value Isua is set to the previous difference current value Ieue. The purpose of steps 511 to 515 is to count the upper critical point (at Iab> TthM lsub> 0) and the lower critical point (at Iab ^ TthM lsub <0) The number of times of interactive surpassing M is taken as the number of occurrences of imbalance. This is by noticing the fact that the load imbalance is due to the presence of large and small waveforms in the output current. In step 516, it is decided whether or not to The number of times equilibrium has occurred η is greater than that read in step 5 0 2 The number of counter set value X. If η >. X, it is determined that the load is unbalanced, then in step 517, the output of hearing imbalance detection, if [eta] < = X, then control is returned to step 503. Therefore, when the load is unbalanced, the large and small wavelets generated by detecting the output current do not need to set the critical value of the difference current value used to detect the load unbalance to a larger value than necessary; and may be Higher accuracy detects load imbalance. Fig. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation 5 of the load unbalance detector 13 used in the load state detection device of the three-phase induction motor in Fig. 1; In this figure, the steps indicated by reference numeral 601 are to clear the elapsed time timer t, the second elapsed time timer t2, and the number of times the imbalance has occurred η to 0; the step indicated by the number 602 is from the input area 9) Take the average time Τ1, the threshold value Ith, and the counter set value X and count count clear time Te value; the step represented by the number 603 is to set the elapsed time from the detection and also set the second elapsed time t2; the number The step indicated by 604 is to read the d-axis current and the -axis current from the current conversion area 11; the step indicated by the number 6 0 5 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current; the paper scale indicated by the number 606 is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) 23 I -------- f * installed ------ ordered (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) A7 B7 V. Invention description ( 24) The step is to calculate the average value of the output current; the step indicated by the number 60 7 is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T 1; the step indicated by the number 6 0 8 is to determine whether the second elapsed time t2 is greater than the counter number Clear time Tc; The step represented by the number 609 is to clear the second elapsed time timer t2 and the number of times the unbalance has occurred η to 0; the step represented by the number 610 is to calculate the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current Absolute value Iab; the step indicated by the number 611 is to determine whether lab is greater than the critical value Ith; the step indicated by the number 612 is to increase the number of times the unbalance has occurred η plus 1; The number of times η is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter; and the step represented by the number 614 is to output the imbalance detection signal. The operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards and Employee's Consumer Cooperatives has cracked in step 601, clearing the elapsed time timer t, the second elapsed time timer t2, and the number of times the imbalance has occurred, η, to 0M as a reset. In step 602, the average time T1, the current critical value Ith, and the set value X of the number of times of the counter and the clearing time of the number of counts are sufficiently long when compared with the period of the output frequency at the constant speed time through the input area Tc value. In step 603, the elapsed time from the start of detection is set and the time from clearing to 0 is also set to the second elapsed time timer t2. In step 604, the d-axis current Id and the q-axis current U are read from the current conversion area 11. In step 605, the instantaneous value 1 of the output current is calculated. ^. Thereafter, in step 606, the average value of its output current is calculated from the elapsed time t until t-T1 before the average time T1. Each time elapsed time t updates the average value of output current. In step 607, the elapsed time is 24 (please read the back page; fill in this page before filling in the matter) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 318888 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (25) The decision whether it is equal to or greater than the average time T1 is used to judge the first output current (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) whether the calculation of the average value I av is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T1, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first output current 1 & ^ has not been completed. Then control is transferred back to step 603. If t > Tl, it means that the calculation of the average value lav of the first output current is completed. Then, control is transferred to step 608, where it is determined whether the second elapsed time is greater than the clear time Tc of the counter number. If the former is greater than the latter, then in step 609, the second elapsed time timer t 2, and the number of times the unbalance has occurred η are cleared to 0, and control is transferred to step 603. If t2 is not greater than Tc, control proceeds to 6 1 0. The clear time T c of the counter number is set to be greater than the average time T 1. The reason for clearing the number of times that the unbalance has occurred η to 0 according to time is that: under the condition of load imbalance, the instantaneous change of the output current occurs repeatedly, so the number of unbalance occurrences within the counter digital clear time Tc Will be more than the digital set value X set in the counter. Therefore, the number of times imbalance has occurred must be cleared to 0 every time a period of time elapses, and if the number of times imbalance has occurred η is small, it is treated as an error detection. Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs In step 610, the absolute value 1 a b of the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current Uut and the average value of the output current I a v is calculated. In step 61, the threshold value Ith read in step 602 is compared with the absolute value Iat > of this difference. If Ieb> Uh in step 611, then the number of times n that the imbalance has occurred is increased by 1 in step 612. If I a b forgets 11 h, it is determined that the load is balanced, and control is returned to step 603. In step 613, it is determined whether the number of times that the imbalance has occurred η is greater than the number of the counter taken in step 602. The paper size is 25. The Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) is applicable to the paper standard. Printed by employees' consumer cooperatives A7 B7 V. Description of invention (26) Fixed value X. If η < X, it is judged that the load is unbalanced, and the unbalance detection signal is output in step 6 1 4. If nSX, then control is returned to step 603. Therefore, the specific time for counting the number of times is set, and the number of occurrences is cleared to 0 every time the specific time passes, and if the number of occurrences of imbalance η is small, it is treated as an error detection, Therefore, it is not necessary to constantly detect the unbalance of the load, so the load of the three-phase induction motor can be effectively operated. Fig. 11 pseudo-shows a block diagram of a load state detecting device for a three-phase induction motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Elements that are the same as those previously described with reference to FIG. 1 are marked with the same reference numbers in FIG. 11 and will not be repeated here. In this figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a detection execution signal input device, which is opened and closed by an external input for starting and terminating the load imbalance detection. Fig. 12 is a flowchart showing the operation of the load unbalance detector 13 in Fig. 11. In this figure, the steps indicated by reference numeral 801 are to clear the elapsed time timer t and the number of times the imbalance has occurred η to 0; the steps indicated by numeral 802 are to take the average time Τ from the input area 9 The threshold value Uh, and the digital setting value X of the counter; the step indicated by the number 803 is to determine whether to detect whether the imbalance detection start input of the execution signal input device 15 is turned on; the step indicated by the number 804 is to set the process from the start of the detection Time; the step indicated by the number 805 is to read the d-axis current and the q-axis current from the current conversion area 11; the step indicated by the number 806 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output electric power; the step indicated by the number 807 is to calculate the average of the output current Value; the step indicated by the number 808 is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the level II ^ II. (Please read the legal matters on the back before filling this page) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 26 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27) Average time T1; the step represented by the number 809 is to calculate the absolute difference between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current Value Ieb; the step indicated by the number 810 is to determine whether Iab is greater than the critical value Uh; the step indicated by the number 811 is to add 1 to the number of times the imbalance has occurred η; the step indicated by the number 812 is to determine whether the imbalance has occurred The number of times η is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter; the step indicated by the number 813 is to determine whether the unbalance detection start input of the execution signal input device 15 is turned on; and the step indicated by the number 8 1.4 is the output unbalance Detection signal. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. In FIG. 11, when the detection execution signal input device 5 is turned on, the inverter 51 detects the unbalance of the load of the three-phase induction motor 6 through the load unbalance detector 13 and outputs it through the output area 14 Signal. When the detection execution signal input device 5 is closed, the inverter 51 terminates the detection of the load imbalance detector 13. For example, suppose that when the load is a drum of a fully automatic washing machine, it is only necessary to detect when rotating clothes, but not when washing. If the executed control program is to stop the washing machine when there is an imbalance detection signal output, the disadvantage is that an unbalance detection signal may be erroneously rotated during washing. Therefore, turning off the detection execution signal input device 15 makes it unnecessary to detect imbalance. The operation of the load imbalance detector 13 will be discussed with reference to FIG. In step 801, the elapsed time timer t and the number of times imbalance has occurred η are cleared to 0M as a reset. In step 802, the input area 9 is used to read the sufficiently long average time T1, the current critical value Ith, and the digital set value X of the counter when compared with the period of the output frequency at a constant speed time. In step 803, decide whether to detect the execution signal input device 27 (please read the back page: ¾ matters before filling out this page) This paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) Employees of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the consumer cooperative A7 __B7_ V. Description of the invention (28) The unbalance detection start input of 15 is turned on. If it is closed, the detection operation will not be performed, and control is returned to step 801. If the detection execution signal input device 15 is turned on, in step 804; the elapsed time is set in the counter t. In step 805, the d-axis current Id and the q-sleeve current IQ are read from the current conversion area 11. In step 806, the instantaneous output current lout is calculated. Thereafter, in step 807, the average value of the output current is calculated from t-T1 before the elapsed time t until the average time T1. Each time elapsed time t updates the average output current. In step 808, the decision whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1 is used to judge whether the calculation of the first output current average value Iav2 is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T1, it means that the calculation of the average value Iav of the first output current has not been completed. Then control is transferred back to step 803. If t > Tl, it means that the calculation of the average value Iav of the first output current is completed. Then, control is transferred to step 809, where the absolute value of the difference between the output current instantaneous value lout and the output current average value Iav is calculated. In step 810, the threshold value Ith taken in step 802 is compared with the absolute value Ub of the difference. If Iab> Tth in step 810, the number of times η that the imbalance has occurred is increased by 1 in step 8] 1. If I a b ≦ T t h, it is judged that the load is balanced, and control is returned to step 803. In step 812, it is determined whether the number of times imbalance has occurred η is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter read in step 802. If η > 5 (, it is determined that the load is unbalanced, and control is transferred to step 813, where it is again determined whether the detection execution signal input device] 5 is turned on, and if it is turned off, the detection operation will not be performed , And control is transferred back to step 801, where the elapsed time of this paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 28 --------- f 'installed ----- -Order (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 318888 a7 B7 5. Description of the invention (29) The number of timer t and unbalance has occurred η is cleared to 0. If the detection execution signal input device 15 is On, in step 814, the unbalance detection signal is output. If n S 5 (in step 812, then control is returned to step 803. Therefore, the load imbalance of the three-phase induction motor is only It must be detected when needed. For example, for a washing machine, the imbalance detection must be performed only during spin drying, but not during washing. Figure 13 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention for Method of load state detection device of three-phase induction motor The same elements as those previously described with reference to FIG. 1 are marked with the same reference numerals in FIG. 13 and will not be repeated here. Reference numeral 16 indicates that the output frequency and voltage calculation unit 12 The output frequency and the specific frequency from the input area 9 determine the operating state of the inverter, and if the inverter is running at a constant speed, it is used to send a signal to Load unbalance detector 13. Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee Consumer Cooperative. Figure 14 is a flow chart showing the operation of the load unbalance detector 13 in Figure 13. In this figure, reference numeral 1001 The step shown is to clear the elapsed time timer t and the number of times the imbalance has occurred η to 0; the step indicated by the number 1002 is to take the average time T1, the threshold value Ith, and the digital set value of the counter from the input area 9 X; number〗 003 indicates the step to determine whether the inverter is running at a constant speed: the step indicated by the number 1004 is to set the elapsed time from the start of the detection; the step indicated by the number 1005 is the slave The flow conversion area 11 reads the d-axis current and q-axis current; the step indicated by the number 1 0 06 is to calculate the instantaneous value of the output current; the step 29 indicated by the number 1007 (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). The A7 B7 is printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy. V. Description of invention (30) The step is to calculate the average value of the output current; the number 1008 indicates The step is to determine whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T1; the step indicated by the number 1009 is to determine the absolute value of the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current and the average value of the output current I ^ b; the step indicated by the number 1010 is to determine Whether 1 ^ is greater than the critical value Ith; the step indicated by the number 1011 is to add 1 to the number of times the unbalance has occurred η; the step indicated by the number 1012 is to determine whether the number of times the unbalance has occurred η is greater than the digital setting value X of the counter; The step indicated by the number 10U is to determine whether the inverter is M constant speed lotus; and the step indicated by the number 1010 is to output the unbalance detection signal. Fig. 15 shows a current waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the load unbalance detector 13 in Fig. 13; the operation of this embodiment will now be discussed. In FIG. 13, when the output frequency from the output frequency and voltage calculation unit 12 and the specific frequency via the input area 9 coincide in the operating state decision device 16, the device 16 determines that the inverter is It runs at a high speed, and sends a signal indicating that the inverter is running at a constant speed to the load unbalance detector 13, and then it starts the load unbalance detection of the three-phase induction motor 6. Once it is detected that the load is unbalanced, the load unbalance detector 13 outputs a load unbalance detection signal from the output area 14. When the output frequency from the output frequency and voltage calculation unit 12 and the specific frequency via the input area 9 do not coincide in the operating state decision device 16, the device 16 determines whether the inverter is in acceleration or deceleration operation, so the load The unbalance detector 13 does not operate. The operation of the load unbalance detector 13 will be discussed with reference to the flowchart in FIG. In step 1001, apply the elapsed time timer t and the unbalanced issued paper size to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297mm) 30 (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 丨_ A7 B7 318888 V. Description of the invention (31) ij I order (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) The number of times printed by the employees ’consumer cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards η Cleared to 0M as a reset . In step 1002, the average time T1, the current critical value Ith, and the digital set value X of the counter, which are sufficiently long when compared with the period of the output frequency at the constant speed time, are read through the input area 9. In step 1003, it is determined whether the inverter is operating at a constant speed based on whether a signal is output from the operating state decision device 16. When no signal appears, the detection operation will not be performed. Then, control is returned to step 1001. If the signal output from the operation state decision device 16 is present, then in step I 0 0 4, the elapsed time is set in the timer t. In step 1005, the d-axis current 10 and the q-axis current U are read from the current conversion area 11. In step 1006, the instantaneous value of the output current is calculated thereafter, and in step 107, the average value of the output current is calculated from t-T 1 before the elapsed time t until the average time T 1. Each time elapsed time t updates the average value of output current. In step 1008, the decision whether the elapsed time is equal to or greater than the average time T] is used to determine whether the calculation of the first output current average value lav is completed. If the elapsed time t is less than the average time T 1, it means that the calculation of the average value lav of the first output current has not been completed. Then control is transferred back to step 1003. If t > Tl, it means that the calculation of the average value of the first output current 1 a v is completed. Then, control is transferred to step 109, where the absolute value hb of the difference between the instantaneous value of the output current Icut and the average value of the output current is calculated. In step 1010, the critical value Ith read in step 1002 is compared with the absolute value of the difference, lab. If Iab> Tth in step 1010, then in step 1011, the number n of times the unbalance has occurred is increased by 1. If I a b each T t h, it is determined that the load is balanced, and control is returned to step 1003. In step 1012, decide whether the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 318888 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (32) The number of times the imbalance has occurred ri is greater than that taken in step 1002 The digital setting value X of the counter. If η > X, it is judged that the load is unbalanced, and control is returned to step 1013, where it is again determined whether the inverter is operating at a constant speed according to whether there is a signal output from the operating state decision device 16. When no signal appears, the detection operation will not be performed. Then, the control is returned to step 100, where the elapsed time timer t and the number of times the unbalance has occurred η are cleared to zero. If the signal output from the operation state decision device 16 exists, the unbalance detection signal is output in step 10-4. If in the step ο 11 sudden control to slewing control will be faster or faster, it will not be added to the life, it will not be transferred to the balance, without load and load. If you do n’t, you can take this, because when you follow the balance of the balance, the speed is not fixed at the time of the temporary test of the transit state. Only the speed will be reduced, or the ^ eye speed is added to the test. It just keeps coming, and the same example is used before the first test. The real picture is shown in the eighth block. The test data is displayed according to the state of the state. The 16th machine with the negative picture is displayed. The 6th electric power should be in the picture. The description of the picture is the most important. It is no longer true and the balance is not loaded to the test when the balance is not loaded. .1 "f * Order (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Central Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The bureau's employee cooperation and cooperation should be used to make frequent prints and make frequent use of the power. There should be no loss. When the phase number 3 stops, the signal stops and stops. When the delivery is 3 to 13 days, it is measured at 12 and the measured value is 12 to make the single calculation complied _Ε ο Quality 8 central control program balance is not loaded, because it should be washed by the machine and the electric machine, stop at all times Born in the use of balance ordering, the load is not negative, and the rule is stopped. And the speed loss reduction of the actuator is white and the signal is issued to stop the balance. Delivery 3 1 Negative device is free from inspection due to testing The Zhang scale applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297 mm) 32 A7 B7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention description (33) Will damage the shaft or eccentricity of the three-phase induction motor will not Causes the load to hit the wall, thereby damaging the machine; there is no need for an external program to prevent damage. Figure 17 is a block diagram showing a load state detection device for a single-phase induction motor according to an embodiment of the present invention, The reference number 20 represents a single-phase AC power supply: the number 21 represents the conversion area of the inverter; the number 3 represents the flattening capacitor of the inverter; the number 22 represents the inversion area of the inverter; 23 represents the current detector of the inverter; numeral 24 represents the single-phase induction motor; numeral 25 represents the load of the single-phase induction motor; numeral 26 represents the control area of the inverter; numeral 9 represents the inverter Input area for inputting the set value of the work command; numeral 27 indicates that it is used to convert the two-phase current detected by the two-phase current detector 23 into the same frequency as the output frequency The rotation d-q axis current of the current converter, and determines which Μ d- axis current vector control of the excitation phase current, and <?-Uranium current, and torque phase current; number 12 indicates that the set value from the output area 9 and the d-axis current and q-axis current from the current converter 27 are converted into the output frequency and Output frequency and voltage calculation unit of the output voltage; numeral 13 represents a load unbalance detector for detecting current fluctuations that occur due to load unbalance due to the d-axis current and q-axis current from the current converter 27 ; The number 14 represents the output signal to the external output area based on the detection of load imbalance; and the number 5 represents the entire inverter. The unbalance detection signals in the first to ninth practical examples can be output as. For example, electronic signals such as turning on the rectifier, relay output, audio output such as buzzer, or light output such as LED . .—II —f -Approved clothing I order (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 33 Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs System A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (34) Because the sum of the three-phase currents in the first to eighth examples is 0, if two of the phases have been determined, the remaining phase can be calculated. Therefore, only two of the three phases must be used for current detection. Furthermore, the values input to the setting device in the first to eighth embodiments can be changed from outside for changing the level of the load imbalance to be detected as necessary. In the first to eighth embodiments, the use of inverters has been discussed, but the present invention can be applied to other frequency conversion and variable voltage output devices. Although in the description of the load detection of three-phase induction motors in the first to eighth embodiments, the use of d- and q-axis currents has been discussed, as discussed in the second embodiment, the motor load may also be It is detected by using only the q-axis current. Therefore, by replacing the control region of the inverter in the third to eighth embodiments with the control region of the inverter described in the second embodiment, other load state detection devices can be used. The load state detection device for the three-phase induction motor driven by the inverter in the example has been described here, but the power supply for frequency conversion and variable voltage applications is not limited to the inverter. The description about the three-phase induction motor also applies to other induction motors. Therefore, according to the present invention, a load state detection device for an induction motor that can effectively rotate a load when a specific current is input, which includes a current detection device for detecting the instantaneous value of the current; A specific average time is the average current detection device that detects the average value of the current; it is used to determine the difference between the instantaneous value of the current and the average value of the current. This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 34 I-- ----- ί — 装 ------ book (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 318888 A7 Printed B7 by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of invention (35) Value Current value comparison device; counting device for comparing the value obtained by the current value comparison device with the first specific value and counting the number of times the difference is greater than the specific value; and if it is counted by the counting device within a specific time The value is greater than the second specific value, which can be used to stop the load rotation device, so it can avoid mechanical damage to the device due to unbalanced load, and can be electronically Measurement. Therefore, a load state detection device for an induction motor is provided here, which can easily change its load imbalance detection level and M low cost and has detection accuracy that does not change with time. A load state detection device for an induction motor that can effectively rotate a load when a specific current is input, which includes a current detection device for detecting the instantaneous value of the current; one for determining based on the instantaneous value of the current and a specific average time Average current detection device for current average value; current value comparison device for determining the difference between instantaneous current value and current average value; for comparing the value obtained by the current value comparison device with the first specific value and counting A counting device whose difference is greater than a certain value; and a warning device for notifying the user that the load is in an unbalanced state, so it can be free from mechanical damage to the device due to unbalanced load and can be electronically detected. Therefore, a load state detection device for an induction motor is provided here, which can easily change the load imbalance detection level and the low cost of K, and has detection accuracy that does not change with time. Detect the current instantaneous value of the current used for the load; determine the current average value of the current instantaneous value within a certain average time; determine the absolute value of the difference between the current instantaneous value and the current average value; detect that the absolute value is greater than The number of times for a certain value; and output load status detection information based on this detection value. The paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 35 I 11 — ^ I n, \ 'swallow (please (Read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7 B7 5. Invention description (36) No., therefore, the load imbalance can be detected electronically. So here we provide one for printing by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee and Consumer Cooperatives. The change is the value of the time value state, the current value, the current value, the current value, and the state value. The value of the special power level. In particular, the level current dead load q-values one and two and the current dead load error current balance are instantaneously fixed between the negative current, the negative current, and the negative current. The measurement of the sleeve is only instantaneous, and the difference is not less than that of the electric pair. It is very negative with a q-detection ground current timing. The setting of the first inspection and transmission guide is definitely not certain; The decision is even; and the balance decision can be used to determine the value of the tolerance axis., Ping., The value of the decision is responsive to the flat test; Surveying does not check the value, and the value of the absolute value of the absolute value of the absolute value of the absolute value of the absolute value of the absolute value of the final test. The value is equal to the value and the value is equal to the value. It must be sufficient, and the value is sufficient to measure the flow difference between the low flow and the low flow. The value is based on the difference between the high current and the electric power. It is true that the electricity is always the same as the state of M and the axis of the flow., The balance time is relatively flat. Because of the value of the current value. The electrical equipment q-number is high. The current-to-current comparison is free of charge, and the value of the difference between the electrical load Μ No electric current phase ratio is set to the second time, the instantaneous negative measured current rotation value can be loaded for a period of two phases, which can be due to the inspection between the current. The average value of the current is divided by the negative and the negative first-period average value. Negative power balance of the shaft current instantaneous current due to the measured load is free of the value required to move the q-axis current characteristics, check the internal negative internal load characteristics, you can use the internal equalization If the Q-electric axis No. 1 value is not accurately measured, the minus number two and the number between the test room should be included in the test of the d-q-time of the inter-check time value and the flu test. The mean and mean values of the internal and the measured instantaneous mean, and the average value of the average value are measured by the instantaneous value. The paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) 36 318888 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (37) A specific value and its polarity are different from the difference current when the current value is greater than this specific value. The number α does not depend on the running state, and the speed of the second ig effect is immediately determined. It may be negative when the load is reduced. Time is born — it is more positive or negative or not to overturn the measured value to balance the fixed number. If the constant dynamic speed will check the current level, it is OK that the positive start plus the transient state is not necessarily balanced. The transport item difference contains the load of a special P-transmission decision number. This is not the case. The test K is correct in the negative balance measurement of the transmission. The false II load state ratio of the test is the same. It can't lose its balance. ㊣ Negative shape. When the phase is out of operation and the correct value is loaded, the inoperable value of the number of the aircraft is judged to be negative and the fixed signal is fixed. The inspection M should be the final output and the regular calculation should be used in the state of M and M and the right to use the data according to the situation. ξ can be turned on when the frequency is turned on, and the factor value is only negative. Μ To test a special factor. Will and must. The reason for this must be checked. Perseverance; Extermination, mobilization. Once the state was borrowed for non-stop counting, this loss is not required, and the balance is only one of the second and the second is the only one that can be carried out. It must be measured at this value. Required ----- ,, installed ------ ordered (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) The paper standard printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is suitable for China. Standard (CNS) Μ specification (210X297mm) 37