五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 發明範緣 本發明~般關於包含在此等床中之生物或其他物質成長或 累積之’.=果而膨張之介質床之液雅處理反應器’ JL更特別地 疋關於在反應器操作過程中用於監測或測量床大小之方法及 裝置。 參考前技你^ 7心體床生物反應器之操作原理係於USP. No. 4,1 82,675，4,009,105 ’ 4’〇〇9,〇99，4,009,098，3,956,129及 3,846,289號中 提供。痛言之，生物流體床反應器包含含有由粒狀固體，如 砂或活性碳，及附著於其上形成"生物粒子"之微有機物（或生 物團）組成之介質床之反應器桶。反應器流入物，如廢水， 係在速度足以使介質床流體化下向上行經反應器桶，且生物 團與上流動作用產生經處理之流出物。生物困與反應器流入 物間之作用亦造成生物成長，一段時間及導致介質床膨脹， 此必需控制以防止生物粒子隨反應器流出物流失，且使反應 器效能最佳。 流體床反應器中生物困成長之現象及伴隨之問題係習知 的，且曾提出許多解答，自介質床移除過量之生物困，以控 制床之膨脹。例如，上述之專利中，介質床之膨脹係直接以 床液位感應器，當作床高度之函數測量，例如光學感應器。 當床高度到達過量生物困成長之液位指示時，生物額粒以機 械挽拌器磨擦，以自其上提除遲量之生物團。提除之生物困 再以反應器流出物帶走。此係不利的，因爲反應器之下游可 能需要額外之設備（即漿料脱水或分離設備等等）。另外，用 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐 (請先閱讀背面之注意事ί :填寫本頁) .裝 訂 線 A7 B7 經濟部中夬樣準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 於直接監測床高度之感應器易阻塞，且缺乏連續，免維修操 作所需之可靠度》 USP No.4, 177, 144及4,250,033號中，以反應器流出 物剪切生物團之積存係經由將剪切之生物團留在介質床之上 之分離器塔中避免。當啓動時，結合分離器塔之攪拌器（如 攙拌器或泵浦）產生自分離器塔抽取出之剪切生物團，及回 落於介質床中之部份剪切生物粒子，若攪拌器連續操作，自 分離器塔抽出之漿料（即剪切生物團及水）之水含量將足夠到 需要脱水設備（且其伴隨資本及操作成本）。爲使漿料之水含 量爲最小’攪拌器僅在用於測量介質床高度之光學感應器或 調音叉設備發出訊號時操作。然而如上所述，此等直接測量 設備在反應器中一段時間較易阻塞，且因此必需定期清洗或 值短暫使用（即降下至反應器中取得床高讀數然後立即抽 出）。此需要手操作之人力’且無法取得連續且自動的床高 度。 發明概要 本發明提供包含可膨脹之介質床及改良之測量設備（用於監 測介質床之大小）之反應器裝置β改良之測量設備係便宜之 可对久構造’且提供介質床大小可靠，精確且連續之測量， 同時防止先前技術之床高度感應裝置產生之阻塞問題β改良 之測量設備經由分離介質床大小之參數標示，特別是高度， 接著測量此參數間接測定介質床之大小操作。其讀數用於自 動控制生物團成長控制裝置之操作，而不需輸入或管理。經 由可靠的益測介質床膨脹及收缩，因此生物困成長控制設備 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐 (請先閱讀背面之注意事冗填寫本頁) -π 線 Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印裝 五、發明説明（") 僅在需要時操作，自反應器抽出之衆料之水含量爲最小至消 除或至少減低其大小及漿料脱水設備之操作頻率。 特別是，改良之測量裝置包含當作介質床大小之指示器之 隔離參數之隔離元件。在較佳之具體例中，隔離元件係在自 由板中或在介質床上發展之流出物流料之垂直管狀元件。管 狀元件之下端較好位於介質床所需操作高度之處或下方，且 隔離參數自介質床之密度（有效比重>丨）及反應器處理之液體 (即水）之密度（比重Ξ1 )間之差異得到，（至少一部份）。 更特別的是’管狀元件外部流出物流料中發展之壓力爲反 應器中液體深度造成之壓力（Ρ!)，及由反應器中液體之向上 速度產生之麼·力（^Ρνοί)之總合。然而’管狀元件中發展之 歷r力相信係Ρ丨’△ Ρ V 〇丨及圍繞但無法延伸入管狀元件底部 之介質床比重增加結果產生之壓力之函數。申請者 曾發現當介質床面上升超過管狀元件之底部時管狀元件中之 液體上升超過流出物流料中環繞之液體》申請者經試驗決定 在流出物流料中環繞液體之上之管狀元件中液體之高度與管 狀元件底部上之介床高度間大約成線性關係。申請者亦測 出相同之線性關係存在於管狀元件頂端處空氣空間中之壓力 (當官狀元件之頂端ίδ、封時）及管狀元件之底部上之介質床高 度之間。因此’經由測量管狀元件中之液面或壓力，可準確 的測定介質床之高及其大小。 測量裝置亦裝有感應裝置，尽測量隔離參數。感應裝置與 管狀元件内部相接，且較好遠離管狀元件頂端中之介質床置 威’以防止阻塞。而且，流經管狀元件之液雅係靜態的，以 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ 297公釐） {請先閲讀背面之注意$'Tr填寫本頁)V. Description of the invention (The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee and Consumer Cooperatives printed the invention scope of the invention. This invention generally refers to the growth or accumulation of organisms or other substances contained in these beds. "Processing Reactor" JL is more particularly about the method and device used to monitor or measure the bed size during the operation of the reactor. Refer to the prior art ^ 7 The operating principle of the heart bed bioreactor is in USP. No. 4 , 1 82,675, 4,009,105 '4'〇〇9, 〇99, 4,009,098, 3,956,129 and 3,846,289 are provided. In a word, the biological fluid bed reactor contains a particulate solid, such as sand or activated carbon, and attached to it A reactor barrel of a medium bed formed of "organic particles" (microorganisms). The inflow of the reactor, such as wastewater, travels upward through the reactor barrel at a speed sufficient to fluidize the medium bed, and The effect of the bio-mass and the upward flow produces a treated effluent. The interaction between the biological trap and the reactor inflow also causes the growth of the organism, which causes the medium bed to expand for a period of time. Biological particles flow out with the reactor effluent and optimize the reactor performance. The phenomenon of biological trapped growth in the fluid bed reactor and the accompanying problems are known, and many solutions have been proposed to remove excess organisms from the media bed To control the bed expansion. For example, in the above patent, the expansion of the media bed is measured directly as a function of the bed height sensor, such as an optical sensor. When the bed height reaches excessive biological growth When the liquid level is indicated, the biological amount is rubbed with a mechanical stirrer to remove the late amount of biological mass from it. The removed biological traps are then taken away by the reactor effluent. This is unfavorable because of the reactor ’s Downstream may require additional equipment (ie slurry dewatering or separation equipment, etc.). In addition, the -4- this paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm (please read the notes on the back first: (Fill in this page). Binding Line A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, China Bureau of Samples and Statistics 5. Invention Instructions (2 Sensors that directly monitor the bed height are easily blocked and lack continuous, maintenance-free Reliability required for operation "In USP No. 4, 177, 144 and 4,250,033, the accumulation of sheared biomass from the reactor effluent is achieved by leaving the sheared biomass in a separator tower above the media bed Avoid. When starting, the agitator (such as a blender or pump) combined with the separator tower produces the sheared biological mass extracted from the separator tower, and part of the sheared biological particles falling back in the media bed, if Continuous operation of the agitator, the water content of the slurry extracted from the separator tower (ie, shearing biomass and water) will be sufficient to require dehydration equipment (and its accompanying capital and operating costs). To minimize the water content of the slurry 'The agitator is only operated when a signal is sent from an optical sensor or tuning fork device used to measure the height of the media bed. However, as mentioned above, these direct measurement devices are more prone to blockage in the reactor for a period of time, and therefore must be cleaned regularly or used briefly (ie, lowered into the reactor to obtain a bed height reading and then immediately withdrawn). This requires manual manpower and cannot achieve continuous and automatic bed height. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a reactor device that includes an expandable media bed and an improved measurement device (used to monitor the size of the media bed). The β-modified measurement device is inexpensive, can be constructed for a long time, and provides reliable and accurate media bed size And continuous measurement, while preventing the blocking problem caused by the bed height sensing device of the prior art. Β-improved measuring equipment indicates the size of the medium bed by separating the parameter of the medium bed, especially the height, and then measuring this parameter to indirectly determine the size of the medium bed. The readings are used to automatically control the operation of the biomass growth control device without input or management. Through the reliable expansion and contraction of the media bed, the bio-sleep growth control device is compatible with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specifications (210Χ297mm (please read the notes on the back and fill in this page first) -π line Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (") Operate only when needed, and the water content of the material extracted from the reactor is minimal to eliminate or at least reduce its size and slurry dewatering equipment In particular, the improved measuring device contains an isolation element that serves as an isolation parameter for the size of the media bed. In a preferred embodiment, the isolation element is an effluent material developed in a free plate or on the media bed The vertical tubular element. The lower end of the tubular element is preferably located at or below the required operating height of the media bed, and the isolation parameters are from the density of the media bed (effective specific gravity> 丨) and the density of the liquid (ie water) treated by the reactor The difference between (specific gravity Ξ1) is obtained, (at least partly). More particularly, the pressure developed in the outflow material outside the tubular element is The pressure (Ρ!) Caused by the depth of the liquid in the reactor, and the sum of the force (^ Ρνοί) generated by the upward speed of the liquid in the reactor. However, 'the force of development in the tubular element is believed to be P 丨' △ Ρ V 〇 丨 and a function of pressure resulting from the increase in the specific gravity of the media bed surrounding but not extending into the bottom of the tubular element. The applicant has found that when the surface of the media rises above the bottom of the tubular element, the liquid in the tubular element rises above the outflow The liquid surrounding the material "applicant has determined through experiment that the height of the liquid in the tubular element above the liquid surrounding the effluent is approximately linearly related to the height of the medial bed at the bottom of the tubular element. The applicant also measured the same linearity The relationship exists between the pressure in the air space at the top of the tubular element (when the top of the official element is closed and sealed) and the height of the media bed on the bottom of the tubular element. Therefore, by measuring the liquid level or pressure in the tubular element, It can accurately determine the height and size of the medium bed. The measuring device is also equipped with an induction device to measure the isolation parameters. The induction device and the tubular element Internally connected, and preferably away from the media bed in the top of the tubular element to prevent clogging. Moreover, the fluid flowing through the tubular element is static, and the Chinese standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ) is applied at this paper scale 297mm) {Please read the note on the back first $ 'Tr fill in this page)
'IT 線 3〇858〇 A7 ________B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 進一步減低感應裝置阻塞之可能性。當感應裝置讀取過量生 物團成長（即床膨脹）之液位或I力標示時，感應器裝置使生 物團控制裝置打開。當介質床高度收縮至所需之位面時，感 應裝置使生物團控制裝置關掉。 在一具體例中，本發明提供一種包含含有可膨脹介質床之 反應器’且其用於處理形成延伸於介質床之上之流出物流料 之机入物。此反應器裝置亦包含用於測量介質床膨服之設 備’此測量設備包含垂直支律於反應器中之管狀元件，因此 其頂延伸於泥出物流料表面之上，底部與介質床相通。測 量設備亦包含位於管狀元件上部之感應裝置，以防止反應器 操作過程中阻塞。感應裝置係用於測量管狀元件中條件（即 例如液位改變或壓力改變）之改變，以表示介質床大小之改 變。當管狀元件中之條件顯示物質床中之物質不需要之存積 時’測量設備亦可操作啓動配件，以減低介質床之大小。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意烹：填寫本頁) 本發明亦提供包含處理液體流入物之反應器桶之流體床反 應器裝置。反應器桶含有包含粒狀固體及附著於此等粒狀固 體上之生物團之可膨脹介質床，且液體流入物向上通過介質 床’流禮化此介質床，隨後形成介質床上之液體流出物流 料°泥雅床反應器裝置亦包含操作自粒狀固體剪切過量生物 團之挽拌器組件’及感應介質床膨脹，啓動攪拌器组件之設 備°啓動設備包含浸於液體流出物流料中，且向下延伸入介 質床中’以隔離介質床大小之參數標示之垂直管狀元件。啓 動設備亦包含用於測量參數改變之裝置及若參數讀數表示系 統中過量之生物困成長時’使攪拌器組件打開之設備。 -7- i紙張尺度剌(CNS) (21Gx297^j7 3〇S58q a7 ____ B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 本發明之其他特徵及優點參照詳細敘述，申請項及圖示， 對熟習本技術者將變得顯而易見的。 圖之簡要钦述 圖1係包含感應或測量裝置’可操作以監測反應器裝置中 介質床大小’且包含本發明之各種特徵之流體床反應器裝置 之部份簡要側面正視圖，部份分離。 圖2係圖1中説明之流體床反應器部份之放大圖。 圖3係表示圖1及2中説明之反應器裝置中之介質床高度與 標示高度之參數間之關係。 圖4係類似圖1之圖，説明包含依據本發明之第二具體例之 感應及測量裝置之流體床反應器裝置》 U3 (請先閱讀背面之注意事ί :填寫本頁) 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印装 (1 0 )反應器裝置 (1 2)反應器 (1 4)反應器桶 (1 6 )排放缸 (1 8 )入口缸 (2 0 )連接管線 (2 2 )流動分佈器 (2 4 )液體流入物 (26)集管元件 (28)内管 (3 0 )介質床 (3 2 )生物粒子 (3 4 )介質床液位 (3 6 )流出物流料 (3 8)上表面 (40)生物困控制裝置 (42)管狀分離器塔 (44)攪拌器迴路 (4 6 )泵浦 (4 8 )吸引管線 (5 0 )回管線 (5,2 )馬達 (5 4 )節流閥 (5 6 )介質床液位 (5 8 )溶水管 (6 0 )廢水管線 •1· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標孪（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 B7 (64)感應裝置 (6 7 )重疊托架 (6 9 )窄通路 (7 2 )控制單元 (76)不同啓動設備 (80)感應裝置 (8 4 )氣泡管 五、發明说明（6 (6 2 )啓動設備 (6 6)管狀元件 (6 8 )流出物流料液位 (7 0 )液位感應器 (74)反應器裝置 (7 8 )管狀元件 (8 2 )空氣空間 (8 6 )控制單元 在本發明之一具體例詳細説明前，需了解本發明之應用， 並不限於詳細之説明，及下列叙述或囷示之說明所列成份之 配件。本發明可用於其他之具體例’且可依各種方式操作或 進行。而且，需了解此處所用之語法及用語均爲了敘述之目 的，不應當作其限制。 較佳具體例之敘述 圖1中之説明係反應器裝置10，其具體地表現本發明，且 係用於使液體至處理程序。同時反應器裝置10可用於處理各 種之液體（即水，液體等等），説明之組合中，操作反應器裝 置10，自廢水中移除雜質。 如圖1中所示，反應器裝置10包括反應器12。反應器12包 含具有靠近上端之排放缸16及靠近下方之入口缸18之開頂反 應器桶14。入口缸18連接管線20，用於自遠處源（未顯示） 輸送廢水（或其他液體）至反應莽12處理》反應器12亦包含流 動分佈器22或其他適當之設備，用於使廢水導入反應器桶14 中當作液體流入物（以箭號2 4表示）。流動分佈器2 2包含集管 -9- 本紙汝尺度適用中國國家橾隼（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ---------^------,ρ-------^ t- (請先閱讀背面之注意事Ϊ '填寫本頁) i 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印^ A 7 一_____ B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 元件26，其連接於入口缸18，且具有許多附噴嘴之内管 28，使液體流入物24完全分佈於反應器桶24之截面上。 爲了處環液體流入物2 4，反應器桶1 2裝有包含於反應器桶 1 4中之介質床3 0。同時此介質床3 〇本質上可爲非生物性 的’且可在厭氧或好氧之條件下使用，在說明之組合中，選 擇包含生物物質或生物團介質床，在好氧條件下完成系統處 理之目的。介質床30亦包含粒狀固體，較好爲粒狀活性碳， 其當作載體以支撑附著於其上之生物團，形成生物粒子32。 反應器1 2係藉由供應廢水流經過管線2 〇至反應器桶〗4操 作。爲確保足量之氧以支持介質床30中所需之生物活化，廢 水在進入反應器桶1 4前較好進行充氧。充氧之廢水再經過流 動分佈器2 2，作爲液體流入物2 4導入反應器桶1 4中。但在 其他具雅例中，反應器12可當作固定床反應器操作，在説明 之組合中，反應器1 2係膨脹或流體化床反應器。因此，廢水 在速率足以提供液體流入物2 4以使介質床3 0流體化之向上流 速度供應於反應器12中。以參考數34表示且在一般操作條件 下之流ft化介質床3 0之高度或液位係維持在較佳之高度或液 位》如圖1所示，介質床液位3 4係完全維持在排放出口丨6之 液位之下’因此生物顆粒32未被洗出反應器12外。 當液Ιί流入物24向上通過介質床3〇時，在好氧條件下，生 物围與液體流入物2 4作用’消耗或中和其中之目標雜質。因 此產生經處理之液體反應器流由物，形成介質床3 〇上之流出 物流料3 6。在説明之組合中，流出物流料3 6具有上表面 3 8 ’其液位係以排放缸丨6控制，拙取經過之液體流出物，進 -10- 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標车（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐} I 批冬 訂 I矣 . . "" - t (請先閱讀背面之注意事f :填寫本頁) ί 308530 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 一步的下游處理或排入環境中。除了自液體流入物24除去不 要之雜質外，生物團與液體流入物2 4間之作用產生造成介質 床30膨腺（即造成介質床上液位34上升）之生物細胞成長。 爲了控制生物團成長及由此導致之介質床膨脹，反應器裝 置10裝有自粒狀固體移除過量生物團之設備。在説明之組合 中’移除過量生物物質之設備包含浸於流出物流料3 6中，且 以適當之設備，如托架支撑於反應器桶14中之管狀分離器塔 42之床成長或生物團控制裝置40。生物團控制裝置40亦包 含與分離器塔42結合之攪拌器回路44。攪拌器回路44包含 適當之攪拌器或剪切裝置，如泵浦46，自泵浦46延伸入分離 器塔42之吸引管線48，及亦自泵浦46延伸入分離器塔42中 之回管線5 0。泵浦4 6係以適當之設備，如馬達5 2操作。爲 了減低泵浦4 6直接產生過量之剪力，流動壓縮設備，如節流 閥5 4裝於回管線5 〇上。節流闕5 4係可調，以給額外量之剪 力作用。其他適當之床成長控制裝置之實例説明於前述USP Nos.4 ,177,144及4,250,033中，在此提出以供參考。 當泵浦46啓動時，介質床30向上流入分離器塔42中，至 一般以數字5 6表示之液位，且生物粒子3 2經吸引管線4 8抽 出。泵浦46(及流動壓縮裝置54)再自生物粒子32水力的剪 切過量之生物團，且過量之生物團及部份剪切之生物粒子32 經過回管線50再導入分離器塔42中》回管線50終端上之溶 水管58提供一膨脹區，當生物粒子32及剪切之生物團回到分 離器塔4 2中時，使亂流爲最小。部份剪切之生物粒子3 2再落 回到介質床30中，且剪切之生物體經廢水管線60移除。 -11 - 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---------^------iT------.^ (請先®讀背面之注意事f, 填寫本頁) 一. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（9 反應器裝置10亦包括反應介質床30中過量之生物困之條 件’啓動挽拌器回路44(即泵浦46及馬達52)之設備62。在 説明之組合中，介質床3 〇之大小，特別是其高度，係介質床 30中生物團之量的表示，且啓動設備62包含經由測量介質床 液位3 4測量或監測介質床膨脹及收縮之設備β圖丨及2中説明 之具雅例中，測量介質床膨脹及收縮之設備包含可偵測介質 床3 0及流出物流料3 6間之界面（即介質床液位3 4之高度）之 床高度監測或感應裝置64。 床高度感應裝置64包含隔離介質床30之高度之條件或參數 標示。在説明之組合中，隔離參數之設備包含垂直支撑於反 應器桶14中之管狀元件管狀元件66係以適當之設備， 如在反應器桶14上延伸之窄通路69上之重疊托架67(僅顯示 一座）支撢。如圖1中所示，管狀元件66經放置使其浸於流出 物流料3 ό中，其上端延伸至流出物流料3 6之上，且其下端向 下延伸至至少介質床液位34 ’且較好在此液位之下。延伸至 介質床液位34之下之管狀元件66係以（圖2)參考字Υ表示。 如圖1及2中所示，一部份之流出物流料3 6延伸入管狀元件 中’且於其中分離。申請者曾發現當反應器12操作時，在管 狀元件6 6分離之流出物流料3 6之液位（以參考數6 8表示）上 升至高於流出物流料3 6之上表面3 8之液位。流出物流料液位 38及40間之差異以參考字X表示。申請者曾測定當管狀元件 66(底部低於介質床液位34，:且液體流入物24之向上速度 或流動爲一定時，參數X及參數γ間之關係（見圖3 )。因此， 因爲在桶14之底部之上之管狀元件66底部之液位爲已知且爲 ϋ I I I n n n n I 批衣| I u ^ n n I n I I n n n n n I r * (請先閱讀背面之注意事·»:填寫本頁) 气 12 - ^ Ο ο 5 3 Ο A 7 _________B7 五、發明説明（10) 一定，參數X可用於間接的測定參數γ，可自其計算介質床 高度。 床高度感應裝置64亦包含測量分離條件或參數（即參數X) 之改變；以測定介質床3 〇之大小》圖1及2中説明之组合中， 用於測量選擇之條件或參數中之改變之設備包含液位測量裝 置或液位感應器7 0，以偵測液位6 8之改變《液位感應器7 〇 與管狀元件66之内部相通，且遠離管狀元件66之上端之介質 床30。液位感應器7〇可爲任何適當之設計。 啓動設備62亦包含控制單元72或其他適當之設備，當接受 液位感應器70之訊號時，使攪拌器回路44啓動。控制單元 72可爲一般者，且爲可連接於液位感應器7〇及馬達52間操 作。當液位感應器70讀取參數X之値顯示介質床液位34已上 昇至較佳高度以上時’控制單元7 2使馬達5 2打開。當介質床 液位3 4回到較佳之液位時，控制單元7 2使馬達5 2關掉，因 此泵浦46僅在需要時操作。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事彳再填寫本頁) 在說明之組合中’床成長控制裝置係藉由啓動設備6 2開 關’且可僅有一種操作速度。熟習本技術者需了解，床成長 控制裝置可經改良在各種速度下操作（即例如以變速馬達代 替馬達52)。在此組合中，啓動設備62可用於控制床成長控 制裝置4 0之速度’以改變生物團自系統移除之速率，若小心 則床成長控制裝置4 0之操作可連續。 圖4之説明係包含用於啓動楝拌器回路44之不同設備76之 反應器裝置74。反應器裝置74之其餘部份係如反應器裝置 10所述般，且二系統有相同參考數表示之成份。 -13 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） A7 __B7 五、發明説明（11 ) 包含管狀元件78之啓動設備76具有接近之頂部及適當之恩 力測量或感應裝置80，用於測量充斥於管狀元件78上端之空 氣空間82中壓力之改變。當需要時，空氣空間可經過連接空 氣源（未顯示）之氣沱管84再補充。管狀元件78頂端之壓力及 參數Y間之關係亦成正比，控制單元8 6係裝置以使馬達5 2開 關（當接受由壓力測量裝置80感應之壓力條件指令時）。 經由僅在需要時操作泵浦4 6，可使流經廢水管線6 0之漿料 (即水與剪切之生物團）之水含量有利的成爲最小。因此，結 合反應器裝置10及74，可去除或使漿料處理設備（即脱水或 沈降設備）變小，以減低投資及操作成本。而且，經由在遠 處置放與介質床30接觸之液位感應器70或壓力測量裝置 80，及流動靜止之各個管狀元件66及78 ’可防止阻塞，因 此此等裝置藉少許或不用維護或管理下自動且連續的操作。 ---------$------11------.^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事_:填寫本頁) { 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作杜印製 -14- 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X297公釐）'IT line 3〇858〇 A7 ________B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Further reduce the possibility of blocking the induction device. When the sensing device reads the liquid level or I force indicator of excessive biomass growth (ie, bed expansion), the sensor device causes the biomass control device to open. When the height of the media bed shrinks to the desired plane, the sensing device turns off the biomass control device. In a specific example, the present invention provides a machine comprising a reactor containing an expandable media bed ' and which is used to process an influent forming an effluent stream extending above the media bed. The reactor device also contains equipment for measuring the swelling of the media bed '. This measuring device includes a tubular element that is vertically branched in the reactor, so that its top extends above the surface of the mud effluent and the bottom communicates with the media bed. The measuring equipment also contains a sensing device located on the upper part of the tubular element to prevent blockage during the operation of the reactor. Induction devices are used to measure changes in conditions (ie, for example, liquid level changes or pressure changes) in tubular elements to indicate changes in the size of the media bed. When the conditions in the tubular element indicate that the material in the material bed does not need to accumulate, the measuring device can also operate the starter fittings to reduce the size of the media bed. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back side: fill in this page) The present invention also provides a fluid bed reactor device that includes a reactor barrel for processing liquid inflows. The reactor barrel contains an expandable media bed containing granular solids and biomass attached to these granular solids, and the liquid influent flows upward through the media bed to liquefy the media bed, and then forms a liquid effluent stream on the media bed Material ° The mud-bed reactor device also includes a stirrer assembly that operates from the shearing of excess solid pellets of granular solids and induction medium bed expansion, and equipment to activate the agitator assembly. The start-up equipment includes immersion in the liquid effluent stream. And extend down into the media bed 'vertical tubular element marked with parameters of the size of the isolation media bed. The start-up device also includes a device for measuring parameter changes and a device for turning on the agitator assembly if the parameter reading indicates excessive biological trapping in the system. -7- i Paper Size Stencil (CNS) (21Gx297 ^ j7 3〇S58q a7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (5) For other features and advantages of the present invention, please refer to the detailed description, application items and illustrations. Those skilled in the art will It becomes obvious. A brief description of the drawing. FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation view of a portion of a fluid bed reactor device that includes an induction or measurement device 'operable to monitor the size of the media bed in the reactor device' and includes various features of the invention Figure, partly separated. Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the part of the fluid bed reactor illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the height of the medium bed in the reactor device illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and the parameter indicating the height Fig. 4 is a diagram similar to Fig. 1, illustrating a fluid bed reactor device including a sensing and measuring device according to a second specific example of the present invention "U3 (please read the notes on the back first: fill in this page) Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed (1 0) Reactor device (1 2) Reactor (1 4) Reactor barrel (1 6) Discharge cylinder (1 8) Inlet cylinder (2 0) Connection pipeline (2 2) ) Flow distributor (2 4) liquid inflow (26) header Part (28) Inner tube (3 0) Media bed (3 2) Biological particles (3 4) Media bed liquid level (3 6) Outflow material (3 8) Upper surface (40) Biological trap control device (42) Tubular Separator tower (44) Agitator circuit (4 6) Pump (4 8) Suction line (5 0) Return line (5, 2) Motor (5 4) Throttle valve (5 6) Media bed liquid level (5 8) Dissolved water pipe (6 0) Waste water pipeline • 1 · This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) A7 B7 (64) Induction device (6 7) Overlapping bracket (6 9 ) Narrow passage (7 2) Control unit (76) Different starting equipment (80) Induction device (8 4) Bubble tube V. Description of invention (6 (6 2) Starting equipment (6 6) Tubular element (6 8) Outflow Material liquid level (7 0) Liquid level sensor (74) Reactor device (7 8) Tubular element (8 2) Air space (8 6) Control unit Before one specific example of the present invention is explained in detail, it is necessary to understand the present invention The application is not limited to the detailed description, and the accessories described in the following description or description. The present invention can be used in other specific examples and can be operated or carried out in various ways. Moreover, you need to understand the use here The grammar and terminology are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as a limitation. DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EXAMPLES The illustration in FIG. 1 is a reactor device 10, which specifically embodies the present invention, and is used to bring liquids to processing procedures. The reactor device 10 can be used to treat various liquids (ie, water, liquids, etc.). In the illustrated combination, the reactor device 10 is operated to remove impurities from wastewater. As shown in FIG. 1, the reactor device 10 includes a reactor 12. The reactor 12 includes an open-top reactor barrel 14 having a discharge cylinder 16 near the upper end and an inlet cylinder 18 near the lower side. The inlet cylinder 18 is connected to a pipeline 20 for transporting waste water (or other liquids) from a remote source (not shown) to the reactor 12 for treatment. The reactor 12 also includes a flow distributor 22 or other suitable equipment for introducing waste water The reactor barrel 14 serves as a liquid influent (indicated by arrows 24). Flow distributor 2 2 contains header-9- This paper ru scale is suitable for China National Falcon (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) --------- ^ ------, ρ --- ---- ^ t- (Please read the notes on the back Ϊ 'Fill in this page first) i Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards and Staff Employee Consumer Cooperatives Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards and Employee Consumer Cooperatives ^ A 7 I Description of the invention (7) The element 26, which is connected to the inlet cylinder 18 and has many inner tubes 28 with nozzles, makes the liquid inflow 24 completely distributed on the cross section of the reactor barrel 24. In order to circulate the liquid influent 24, the reactor barrel 12 is equipped with a medium bed 30 contained in the reactor barrel 14. At the same time, this medium bed 3 can be non-biological in nature and can be used under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. In the combination of instructions, select a medium bed containing biological substances or biomass to complete under aerobic conditions The purpose of system processing. The media bed 30 also contains granular solids, preferably granular activated carbon, which acts as a carrier to support the biomass attached thereto to form biological particles 32. Reactor 12 is operated by supplying a waste water stream through line 20 to the reactor barrel. In order to ensure a sufficient amount of oxygen to support the required biological activation in the media bed 30, the waste water is preferably oxygenated before entering the reactor barrel 14. The oxygenated waste water passes through the flow distributor 22 and is introduced into the reactor barrel 14 as a liquid inflow 24. However, in other specific examples, the reactor 12 may be operated as a fixed bed reactor. In the illustrated combination, the reactor 12 is an expansion or fluidized bed reactor. Therefore, the waste water is supplied into the reactor 12 at an upward flow rate sufficient to provide the liquid inflow 24 to fluidize the medium bed 30. Represented by reference number 34 and under normal operating conditions, the height or level of the fluidized medium bed 30 is maintained at the preferred height or level. As shown in Figure 1, the medium bed level 3 4 is completely maintained at Below the liquid level of the discharge outlet 6, the biological particles 32 are not washed out of the reactor 12. When the liquid influent 24 passes upward through the medium bed 30, under aerobic conditions, the bio-environment interacts with the liquid inflow 24 to consume or neutralize the target impurities therein. As a result, a treated liquid reactor stream is formed, forming an effluent stream 36 on the media bed 30. In the illustrated combination, the effluent stream 36 has an upper surface 3 8 'whose liquid level is controlled by the discharge cylinder 丨 6, and the liquid effluent passing through is taken in, and the paper size is applicable to the Chinese national standard car (CNS ) A4 specification (210X297 mm) I approved winter order I carry.. &Quot; "-t (please read the notes on the back first f: fill out this page) ί 308530 A7 B7 5. Description of invention (8) One step downstream Treatment or discharge into the environment. In addition to removing unwanted impurities from the liquid inflow 24, the action between the biomass and the liquid inflow 24 produces biological cells that cause the media bed 30 to swell (ie, cause the liquid level 34 to rise on the media bed) Growth. In order to control the growth of the biocluster and the resulting expansion of the media bed, the reactor device 10 is equipped with a device to remove excess biocluster from the granular solids. In the combination of instructions, the device to remove excess biomass includes immersion In the effluent stream 36, and supported by suitable equipment, such as a bed, the bed growth of the tubular separator tower 42 in the reactor barrel 14 or the biomass control device 40. The biomass control device 40 also includes a separator tower 42 combined stirring Loop 44. Stirrer loop 44 includes a suitable stirrer or shearing device, such as pump 46, which extends from pump 46 into suction line 48 of separator tower 42 and also extends from pump 46 into separator tower 42 Return line 50. Pump 4 6 is operated with appropriate equipment, such as motor 52. In order to reduce the excessive shear force directly generated by pump 46, flow compression equipment such as throttle valve 54 is installed in return line 5. 〇 上. Throttle threshold 54 is adjustable to give an additional amount of shearing force. Examples of other suitable bed growth control devices are described in the aforementioned USP Nos. 4,177,144 and 4,250,033, which are presented here for reference. When the pump 46 is started, the media bed 30 flows upward into the separator tower 42 to the liquid level generally indicated by the number 56, and the biological particles 32 are drawn through the suction line 48. The pump 46 (and the flow compression device 54 ) From the biological particles 32, the excess biological mass is hydraulically sheared, and the excess biological mass and part of the sheared biological particles 32 pass through the return line 50 and then are introduced into the separator tower 42. The water-dissolving pipe 58 at the end of the return line 50 Provide an expansion zone when the biological particles 32 and the sheared biological mass return to the When it is in the separator tower 4 2, the turbulent flow is minimized. Partially sheared biological particles 3 2 fall back into the medium bed 30, and the sheared organisms are removed through the waste water line 60. -11-This paper mill The scale is applicable to China National Standard Rate (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) --------- ^ ------ iT ------. ^ (Please read ® Attention f, fill out this page) 1. Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee Consumer Cooperative Α7 Β7 Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Unemployed Consumer Cooperative V. Invention description (9 The reactor device 10 also includes the reaction medium bed 30 The condition of excessive biological trapping 'starts the equipment 62 of the mixer circuit 44 (ie the pump 46 and the motor 52). In the illustrated combination, the size of the medium bed 30, especially its height, is a representation of the amount of biomass in the medium bed 30, and the starting device 62 includes measuring or monitoring the medium bed expansion and measuring the medium bed expansion via the measurement medium bed liquid level 34. The shrinking device β Figure 丨 and the elegant example described in 2, the device for measuring the expansion and contraction of the media bed includes the interface between the media bed 30 and the effluent material 36. Height) bed height monitoring or induction device 64. The bed height sensing device 64 includes conditions or parameter indications of the height of the isolation medium bed 30. In the illustrated combination, the isolation parameter equipment includes a tubular element that is vertically supported in the reactor barrel 14 and the tubular element 66 is equipped with suitable equipment, such as an overlapping bracket 67 on a narrow passage 69 extending on the reactor barrel 14 ( Only one) is displayed. As shown in FIG. 1, the tubular element 66 is placed so as to be immersed in the effluent stream 3 ό, its upper end extends above the effluent stream 36, and its lower end extends down to at least the medium bed liquid level 34 'and Preferably below this level. The tubular element 66 extending below the medium bed liquid level 34 is indicated by the reference character Y (Figure 2). As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a portion of the effluent stream 36 extends into and separates into the tubular element. The applicant has discovered that when the reactor 12 is operating, the level of the effluent stream 3 6 separated by the tubular element 6 6 (indicated by reference number 6 8) rises above the level of the upper surface 3 8 of the effluent stream 3 6 . The difference between the effluent stream levels 38 and 40 is indicated by the reference character X. The applicant has measured the relationship between the parameter X and the parameter γ when the tubular element 66 (the bottom is lower than the medium bed liquid level 34, and the upward velocity or flow of the liquid inflow 24 is constant (see Figure 3). Therefore, because The liquid level at the bottom of the tubular element 66 above the bottom of the barrel 14 is known and is ϋ III nnnn I approved clothing | I u ^ nn I n II nnnnn I r * (please read the notes on the back first »:: fill in This page) Gas 12-^ Ο ο 5 3 Ο A 7 _________B7 V. Description of the invention (10) Certainly, the parameter X can be used to indirectly determine the parameter γ and the media bed height can be calculated from it. The bed height sensing device 64 also includes measurement Changes in separation conditions or parameters (ie, parameter X); to determine the size of the media bed 30. In the combination illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the equipment used to measure changes in selected conditions or parameters includes a liquid level measuring device or The liquid level sensor 70 is used to detect changes in the liquid level 68. The liquid level sensor 7 is in communication with the inside of the tubular element 66 and is far away from the medium bed 30 at the upper end of the tubular element 66. The liquid level sensor 70 can Any suitable design. The starting device 62 also includes controls Element 72 or other suitable equipment, when receiving the signal from the liquid level sensor 70, activates the agitator circuit 44. The control unit 72 may be a general one, and may be connected between the liquid level sensor 7 and the motor 52 for operation When the level sensor 70 reads the value of the parameter X, it shows that the medium bed liquid level 34 has risen above the preferred height. The control unit 7 2 turns on the motor 52. When the medium bed liquid level 34 returns to the preferred liquid At the time, the control unit 72 turns off the motor 52, so the pump 46 is operated only when needed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). In the combination, the 'bed growth control device is activated by the device 6 2 switch' and can only have one operating speed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the bed growth control device can be modified to operate at various speeds (ie, for example, with a variable speed motor Instead of the motor 52). In this combination, the starting device 62 can be used to control the speed of the bed growth control device 40 'to change the rate of removal of the biomass from the system. If careful, the operation of the bed growth control device 40 can be continuous. Figure 4 The description includes the reactor device 74 of the different equipment 76 used to start the mixer circuit 44. The rest of the reactor device 74 is as described in the reactor device 10, and the two systems have the same reference number -13-This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297mm) A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (11) The starting device 76 including the tubular element 78 has a close top and proper force measurement or induction The device 80 is used to measure the change of pressure in the air space 82 filled at the upper end of the tubular element 78. When needed, the air space can be replenished through a gas tube 84 connected to an air source (not shown). The relationship between the pressure at the top of the tubular element 78 and the parameter Y is also proportional, and the control unit 86 is a device to switch the motor 52 (when receiving the pressure condition command sensed by the pressure measuring device 80). By operating the pump 46 only when needed, the water content of the slurry (ie, water and sheared biomass) flowing through the wastewater line 60 can be advantageously minimized. Therefore, in combination with the reactor devices 10 and 74, the slurry processing equipment (i.e., dehydration or sedimentation equipment) can be removed or reduced to reduce investment and operating costs. Furthermore, the liquid level sensor 70 or the pressure measuring device 80 in contact with the medium bed 30 at remote disposal, and the respective tubular elements 66 and 78 'that are stationary at flow can prevent clogging, so these devices require little or no maintenance or management Automatic and continuous operation. --------- $ ------ 11 ------. ^ (Please read the notes on the back first :: fill in this page) Print-14- This paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X297mm)