TW305756B - - Google Patents

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TW305756B
TW305756B TW083110540A TW83110540A TW305756B TW 305756 B TW305756 B TW 305756B TW 083110540 A TW083110540 A TW 083110540A TW 83110540 A TW83110540 A TW 83110540A TW 305756 B TW305756 B TW 305756B
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cable
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/82Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin for bone cerclage
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7053Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant with parts attached to bones or to each other by flexible wires, straps, sutures or cables

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印裝 A7 ___ B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明係鬮於外科用規索,尤指用於外科處理,使骨折 穩定’及使各種型式之彌補物固著至骨之外科用纜索。 人們使用銅絲,缝線及纜索作骨折端環紮固定,以修補 骨拚及使彌補物固著至骨,尤其是在脊柱,已有若干時曰 。在最初,外科固定係藉剛性不鉍鋼絲所完成其可予模製 成形’並繞不同之骨或在其間通過,然後扭絞在一起,使鋼 絲繞骨或繞彌補物拉緊。使用此種型式之外科用纜索或境 索裝置供此種用途,揭示於下列Stephens等人之4,604,995 號,Dove等人之4,790,303號,Stefiee之4,686,970號以 及 Mehaland之 5,092,868 號。 用以修補骨折或使彌補物固著至骨之金屬絲,通常爲不 鯓鋼或鈦。此等材料具有足夠展性,使醫生或手術室人員 能使金屬成形爲希望之構形,以使金屬絲在骨之間或繞其 通過。此種技術之實例示於上述之美國專利5,092,868號。 此型金屬絲之問題,爲其極爲剛硬,並且在手術室中移 動骨周团之金屬絲時,必須很小心,囡爲,如果不當心有 過度之力接觸下面之柔軟組織,則其可能使组織受到嚴重 或不可修復之損壞。此在脊拄,在將彌補物或骨移植物固加 至脊骨,以使脊骨穩定之處置,尤其如此。 最近,有了一種較柔軟及富有撓性,避免先前所使用纜 索之問題之纜索。此等新式柔軟有撓性之纜索具有輿先前 所使用纜索不相上下之強度。其爲以多條金屬線纖絲完全 加工硬化,並扭絞在一起形成一股,然後將許多股繞一核 心股扭绞在一起,作成具有很強撓性之纜索。此等纜索較 本紙法尺度逋用中國國家梂準(CNS ) Μ规格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
A ,訂 305756 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 之先前所使用之金屬絲有顯著之改進。然而,其因爲撓性 及較少延性,而很難在脊骨繞骨部份或繞不易接近之骨成 形及通通。 發明之概述 本發明提供一種具有高度撓性之纜索,有一5丨線較境索 具有類著較大展性,使手術室人員能使引線成形爲希望之 形狀,並使引線進入骨中間或其周圍之適當位置。在境索 固著在其希望之位置後,便自纜索除掉引線。纜索之用以 使骨或彌補物固著至骨之固定部份與引線間之差異,係根 據材料狀沉之差異。纜索之具展性部份較之纜索之固定部 份具有顯著較大延性。多股引線之剛性應大於纜索之剛性 ,但也應顯著小於先前所採用作爲骨折端環紮纜索5丨線之 20線規(0.032吋)單讖金屬絲之剛性。這允許用手使纜 索之引線部份形成希望之形狀’進入適當位置,然後可拉 動固定部份,使固定部份完全露出,並且置於希望位置, 然後並可將引線自纜索之固定部份除掉並丟棄。然後在對 纜索施加正確量之力後,將纜索之固定部份扭緊或卷曲, 或以其他方式固著在適當位置。 附圈之簡要説明 圓1示本發明之一種在一端有引線之纜索。 圈2示本發明之一種在纜索1央有引線之纜索。 圖3示纜索用於將彌補物固著至脊柱。 圖4及5示使用引線使纜索繞骨通過。 圖6爲分解圈’示引線焊著至纜線。 ---------^ .衣-- ί請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央螵準局負工消費合作社印裝 五、發明説明(3 ) 圖7爲曲線明,示各種纜索及引線剛性上之差異。 發明之詳細説明 本發明之外科用纜索概括稱作骨折端環紮纜索。如先前 所指出’此等纜索用以將折斷之骨固著在一起,也用以將 各種彌補物或移植物固著至骨。此型骨折端環紮纜索之主 要用途之一爲供脊柱固定。在此種用途,將各種彌補物或 骨固著至脊骨,以使脊骨融合,或使脊骨穩定。此等處置 之實例揭示於上述之美國專利4,686,970號,5,092,868號 ,4,790,303號及4,604,995號。在固定或穩定處置,將彌 補裝置置於靠近脊骨,通常覆蓋在多塊脊骨上。使一固定 金屬絲或骨折端環紮纜索繞脊骨通過,然後將金屬絲之兩 端扭紋,以使該装置固著至脊骨。在有些情形,使金屬絲 或纜索之兩端通過扭緊處,將壓力加至扭緊處,使扭緊處 卷曲於金屬絲或纜索,藉以使金屬絲或纜索保持在定位。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作杜印裝 用於本發明之撓性纜索爲將很多個别金屬纖絲扭絞在一 起,藉以形成個别諸股所製成。通常,纖絲爲在完全加工 硬化狀況。諸金屬纖絲成一種有一核心纖絲及另外許多纖 絲在第一螺旋形方向扭绞於核心纖絲周園之構形。然後將 若干此等纖絲股以實際對稱型式繞中央核心股排列成同心 環,然後在一與個别諸股之螺旋形方向相反之第二螺旋形 方向柾绞在一起。如果使用此種技術。任何緘絲失效比較 可能發生在可較易檢測之規索外表面。 在一種較佳之鈦纜索構形,每一股由七條纖絲所構成, 六條纖絲扭絞於一中央核心纖絲周固。纖絲爲直徑0.0025 本紙张尺度逋用中國國家橾隼(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) A7 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Β7 五、發明説明(4 ) 吋。纜索有18股排列成二同心環,繞一核心股扭絞在一起 ’以形成纜索。諸股扭绞成纜索後,可錘鍛纜索,使周園 變平’以增加纜索之接觸或配著面。一種較佳之鈦纜索有 一核心股以七條纖絲(1x7),左旋扭距每吋10至12圈所 構成。相同構造之另外六股扭絞在核心股周圍,右旋扭距 每吋5.5至6.5圈,以形成一7Χ7核心。完成之纜索有一7 Χ7核心,有十二ιχ7外股,每一外股具有右旋扭距每吋 至12圏’並且棑列於一左旋扭距每吋2 8至3 4圈之核心 周圍。引線爲1X7右旋扭距每吋2.5至4.75圈,由直徑 0.001至0.0Π3吋之纖絲製成。 諸股中個别纖絲之直徑約爲0 0005吋至〇 005吋(約爲 0.013毫米至0.127毫米)。個别纖絲由金屬,較佳爲不玆 鋼,或通稱爲Ή-6Α卜4V之鈦合金製成。也可採用純鈦, 或妖之其他生物性相容合金或其他金屬。鈦優於不玆鋼之 優點’爲欽與磁駐留成像技術相容。也可使用其他生物性 相容之高強度金屬,諸如鎳鈷合金。 通常’鈇識絲之直徑爲〇 〇〇15吋至〇 035吋(約爲〇 38 毫米至〇.127毫米,而不鯓麵纖絲之直徑通常爲0.0005吋 至0.005吋(約戽〇 13毫米至〇 127毫米〉。 欽及不錢麵纜索之較佳尺寸約爲0.0025吋或0.65亳米。 如先前所指出,固定纜索極其有撓性。此種撓性在使用 上提供某些·優點’但在特定之外科處理造成難以將纜索置於 #•望足位置。使用⑺線附著至境索可克服此項困難。引線 較欖索略爲剛硬,並可予成形,並將會保持其形狀,以便 本紙張尺度適用中國國家棣準(CNS ) Α4規格(210x297公釐〉 ----------{ -衣------1Τ------^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 305756 五、發明説明(5 ) 可將其壓緊在骨周園。 纜索之引線部份通常構造不如纜索之固定部份複雜,因 爲其無需與欖索之固定部份相同程度之撓性。通常’規索 之.代表性引線部份將會有七尾端,六條讖絲扭鉸在一中央 纖絲周团,並且每條纖絲直徑約爲0.010吋。引線部份可 有更多纖絲,例如21條,最簡單構造常爲最經濟。 纜索之固定部伶,亦即纜索之實際供固定用之部份,可藉 各種不同技術附著至纜索之引線部份。引線可予焊接或粘 著至纜索之固定部份。也可使用皺缩管將引線固著至纜索 。將管位於纜索之成頭尾接觸之引線及固定部份,並將管 加熱,使管皴縮,並將引線固著至纜索。也可作爲單一纜 索’然後藉熱處理,或以與纜索引線部份不同之方式使纜 索固定部份退火,纜索之引線部份於是便可獲得希望之展 性及剛性。此對於在一端有引線之纜索特别有用。 圖1中所示之本發明之骨折端環紮纜索有一固定部份10 附著至引線部份11。在引線部份之末蟋可有一小球12,以 保證在引線之末端無鋒銳之尖頭可能在引線位於骨或脊骨 周固時,可能意外損傷柔軟之組織。 在圖2中所示之實施例,引線部份13位於纜索之二固定 部份14之間》此型纜索特别可用於將彌補物或骨移植物固. 著至脊骨。可使中央引線形成環之形狀,在脊骨下面通過 ,然後可用適當器械抓住該環,將缆索之固定部份拉至希 望之位置,並可自纜索之固定部份取下引線,並且可使纜 索(固定部份卷曲及拉緊在一起,使彌補物或骨移植物固 本紙張幻1適用t國國l:#f( CNS } A4^ ( 210X297^* --------ί 裝------訂-----4鉍 (請先閎讀背面之注^^項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梂準局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部中央楳準局負工消费合作社印簟 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 著至脊骨。 圖3中示使用纜索將彌補物固著至脊柱。可如圈3中所 示藉扭緊使規索固著。 闺4及5中示使纜索通過骨周園之技術。在圈4中’首 先使一有引線11及小球形末端12之纜索形成希望之構形, 以使容易繞骨通過。然後使纜索繞骨通過,随即除掉引線 ’並藉扭緊機構將纜索之固定部份結合。 圖5示使用中央引線使固定金屬絲繞骨通過。可在中央 引線形成一環,其也形成一種彎曲構形,繞骨通過,然後 藉器械固著,並且然後可將纜索^4及15之固定部份繞骨拉 動及固著。 在阖6中之分解圖,示將引線附著至固定纜索之較佳方 法。圖6示一種多股固定纜索20,其約有133條個别纖絲 固著至一约有7條纖絲之引線21。每一引線纖絲爲頗大於 纜索固定部份之諸個别纖絲。請予察知,較佳爲使纜索之 引線部份具有與纜索固定部份相同之直徑。這防止如果引 線部份直徨小於規索之固定部份,因爲纜索直徑之差異, 而纜索之固定部份可能卡在骨或其他組織上。如果纜索之 固定部份爲直獲與引線部份相同,則固定部份在通過組織 時’便很少可能會卡在骨或其他組織上。 纜索固定部份及纜索引線部份之剛性,以及纜索固定部 份及纜索引線部份之展性,均有差異。引線部份之較大展 性使纜索引線部份能形成希望之構形繞骨及在脊骨之間通 過。展性並非本發明之纜索固定部份所希望之特性。纜索 --------{裝------訂------C ·冰 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本页) * A7 B7 ' " "~~—. 五、發明説明(7 ) 之固定部份具有較大撓性,而展性不及引線,並且不會保 持其形狀。引線應該不剛硬致使其好似弹餐。剛性似彈簧 引線如果其整扣或脅曲抵靠柔軟組織,可能造成傷害。 可藉一種簡化之弹簧样樸型説明規索及引線之剛性。纜 索及引線之剛性[,可示爲使樣本之另一端保持在固定位 置時,在彈性極限以内加至樣本長度自由端之每單位力’ 樣本之撓曲。每單位撓曲所需力之量’隨增加之剛性而增 加,而每單位力樣本移動之量,随減少之剛性而増加。 本發明之引線之K値,25.4毫米長度引線,每克力應至 少爲0.15毫米撓曲。通常,K値爲在〇·15毫米/克與0.75 毫朱/克之間。纜索之剛度K約在2毫米/克與6毫米/ 克之間。 將纜索引線部份附着至纜索固定部份之較佳方法,爲利 用對頭焊接技術。在此方法,第一步嫌爲在纜索固定部份 及纜索引線部份,各在末端焊接一小球。然後將每一小球 狀末端錘:鰕成大致圈形構形。然後兩端彼此接觸並予對頭 焊接以形成一焊接點,其足夠堅固使引線能在希望之位置 通過,並拉動引線使纜索固定部份至希望之位置。 (靖先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 裝 、1Τ 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印裝 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4规格(210Χ297公羞)

Claims (1)

  1. A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部中央梯準扃爲工消費合作杜印製 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種外科用骨折端環紮纜索,包含一多股固定部份及一 多股5丨線部份; 該固定部份具有剛度爲施加至25.4毫米長度纜索自由 端之每克力,而該長度之相反端保持在固定位置時,撓 曲2至6毫米; 該幻線部份具有剛度爲施加至25.4毫禾長度纜索自由 端之每克力,而該長度之相反端保持在固定位置時,撓 曲0.15至0.75毫米; 該引線部份及固定部份具有實際相同直徑。 2. 根據申請專利範園第1項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索,其 中固定部份及引線部份係以相同金屬製成。 3. 根據申請專利範園第1項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索,其 中纜索之固定部份係以18股繞一中央核心股排列成二同 心環所製成,而纜索之引線部份係以六股繞一中央核心 股排列所製成,並且固定部份及引線部份中之每一股有 七條纖絲。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第3項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索,其 中引線部份及固定部份中之纖絲爲不鉍鋼。 5. 根據申請專利舞团第4項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索,其 中鑲絲直徑在0.0005吋輿0.005吋之間。 6. 根據申請專利範圍第3項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索,其 中引線部份及固定部份中之纖絲係由鈦合金Ti6及4V所 製成。 7. 根據申請專利範面第6項之外科用骨折端環紮纜索’其 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準(CNS ) Α4洗格(210X297公釐) (請先聞讀背面之注意^項再填寫本頁) --β I 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8-EDS 75 6_^_六、申請專利範圍 中織絲直徑爲0.0015吋至0.005吋。 8.—種外科用骨折端環紮纜索,包含一多股固定部份及一 多股引線部份; 該固定部份包含十九股在第一螺旋形方向扭绞在一起 ,每一股包含七條在與該第一螺旋形方向相反之第二螺 旋形方向扭絞在一起之個别殲絲; 上述固定部份中之諸個别纖絲直徑爲0.0005至0.005 時; 上述引線部份包含3至7條扭絞在一起之纖絲; 上述引線部份中之諸個别纖絲直徑爲0.005至0,015吋 » 上述固定部份具有剛度爲施加至一吋(25.4毫米)長 度纜索自由端之每克力,而該長度之相反端保持在固定 位置時,撓曲2至6毫米; 上述引線部份具有剛度爲施加至一吋(25.4毫米)長 度纜索自由端之每克力,而該長度之相反端保持在固定 位置時,撓曲0.15至0.75毫米。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本瓦) 訂 線r, -11 - 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家梂準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)
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US5417690A (en) 1995-05-23
JP3615797B2 (ja) 2005-02-02
EP0649636A2 (en) 1995-04-26
DE69410055D1 (de) 1998-06-10
MY111709A (en) 2000-11-30
EP0649636B1 (en) 1998-05-06
BR9403774A (pt) 1995-05-23
JPH07163583A (ja) 1995-06-27
CA2132370C (en) 2004-11-30
KR950007804A (ko) 1995-04-15
CA2132370A1 (en) 1995-03-21
EP0649636A3 (zh) 1995-05-03

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