經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（） 本發明係一種以電池内電歷與内電阻轉換蓄電池殘電 量檢知方法與裝置，尤指一種僅需童測電池正常工作負載 下輸出電壓與輸出電流，即可準確地獲知該電池之殘電量 者。 按，蓄電池的應用由來已久，因其具有高度的空間運 用彈性及機動性，使得其無論在照明設備、儀表装置或備 用電源上均扮演著極其重要的角色。近年來，以電力做為 機動車輔能源的方式已成為下世紀改善空氣污染的一大契 機，而如何提昇蓄電池供電效率及提供更便利之使用環境 便成為當前重要的課題。 目前，關於電池殘電量的傳統檢測作法可分述如下： (一） 比重法：電解液的比—是殘電量的一項重要指標，但 由於電池在充放電的過程中，化學反應所引起的濃度 擴散非常的緩慢，此現象將使電解質比重之分佈不均 匀，造成量測上的困難：且在一般運用上，通常均由 許多小伏特數的電池單位串連來提供電力，因此，每 個單位皆需放置比重感測器而造成成本的增加，同時 本法應用在新式的密閉式電池上時亦受到使用上之限 制。 (二） 開路電壓法：開路電壓雖與殘電量有著線性關係存在 ，但由於在量測開路電壓時必須將電池作長時間的靜 置，才會有較精確的结果，使用上將造成不ί更，實用 性較差。 (三） 電池内阻量測法：利用電池内電阻之量測Μ求取電池 殘電量的過程中，必須額外地使電池放電Μ進行量測 本紙張尺度適用中國國家楹準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） .(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、-'° 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 297098 377 五、發明説明（） 工作，此舉不僅會消耗電池能量，也會影響正常工作 進行。 (四）安培小時法：累計電池充放電過程中所釋放的電量， 再除以電池本身的容量，Μ計算其殘電量值：由於電 池本身的容量放電電流，電池工作溫度、與電池的老 化現象有關。此法必需有相當的電池放電測試資料Κ 為參考•其邏輯與計算的流程勢必非常的複雜。此法 雖較上述三法具有較可靠的準確性，但是複雜度過高 ，成本也較高，並且對老化及充電效率問題之個別差 異性上亦還有待改進。 如上所述，傅統上對於電池殘電量的檢測作法中仍存 有若干的缺失及不便而可待加Μ改進，有鑑於此，因而激 發了本發明人之靈感，本發明之主要目的即是提出一種以 電池内電壓與内電阻轉換蓄電池殘電量之檢知方法與装置 ，係结合電池内電路分析、基本電路原理及電池基本測試 資料，三者合併提出首創的蓄電池殘電量檢知方法，只需 量測電池工作負載下的電池電壓與電流，在經過本方法的 計算後即可得知相當準確之電池殘電童。本發明Μ簡易的 方法檢測電池之放電，可適用於各型之電池，且具有相當 的準確性，適用於各種動靜態的工作環境並可做同步顯示 等以上之優點。 為使貴審査委員對於本發明之目的、特激及功效有 更進一步之瞭解與認同，茲配合圖式詳細說明於後。 圖式之簡單說明： 圖一'係電池之基本内電路圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梂準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） I I I I I n 炎 11 訂 J . 各 / (請先閲讀背面之注t事項再填寫本頁) A7 __B7_ 五、發明説明（） 圖二係電池輸出罨壓與電流關係圖。 圖三係鉛酸電池内電壓、内電阻與殘電量關係圖。 圖四係本發明檢知裝置之系統方塊圖。 圖五係本發明檢知装置中信號擷取單元之方塊圖。 圖六係本發明檢知装置中電池維護管理單元之流程圖。 圖七係運用本發明檢知方法求得之殘電量計算值與實際值 比較圖。 圖八係鎳鎘電池之殘電量曲線圖。 圖九係練氫電池之殘電量曲線圖。 圖十係密閉型鉛酸電池溫度效應圖曲線圖= 本發明主要先將電池内部的電化學特性Μ等效電路的 原理加Μ描述（請參閱圖一），可寫出關係式如下： V; = Ib Ri + V。......................(1) 由於電的殘電量（soc)與電池的內電壓Vi 與内電阻 Ri 有關，是以利用電池放電測試的資料，Μ電池之輸出 電壓V。為縱軸，電池之輸出電流Ib *為横軸，在每一個 特定的殘電量下，繪出式（1)的直線，如圖二所示，此圖 為採用鉛酸電池進行實際放電測試的情形。 經濟部中央樣嗥局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之足意事項再填寫本頁) 由式（1)可知，圖二中每條直線的縱軸截距即為電池 的內電壓，而直線斜率的絕對值即為電池的内電阻。因圖 二中每條直線代表各個不同之殘電量，是以可以得知電池 内電壓、内電阻兩電池内在參數與殘電量的關係，如圖三 所示，即為鉛酸電池内電壓、内電阻與殘電量的黼係圖。 對於其他各種電池，如常見的鎳鑛、_氫電池，皆可 依上述本發明所提出的方法，照樣得出各棰電池的内電應 本纸張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ' 經濟部中央標孳局員工消費合作社印装 A7 B7 五、發明説明（） 、內電阻與殘電量的關係，其實施結果得出如圖八、圖九 所示。 繼绩以給酸電池來作說明，將圖三中兩條曲線利用最 小平方項近以法來作分析，可得：A7 Β7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Samples of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention () The present invention is a method and device for detecting the battery residual capacity by converting the internal battery history and internal resistance of the battery, especially one that only requires a child test for normal The output voltage and output current under the working load can accurately know the residual capacity of the battery. According to press, the battery has been used for a long time. Because of its high spatial flexibility and mobility, it plays an extremely important role in lighting equipment, instrumentation equipment or backup power supply. In recent years, the use of electricity as a supplementary energy source for motor vehicles has become a major opportunity to improve air pollution in the next century, and how to improve the efficiency of battery power supply and provide a more convenient use environment has become an important issue at present. At present, the traditional detection method for the remaining battery capacity can be divided as follows: (1) Specific gravity method: the ratio of the electrolyte-is an important indicator of the remaining power, but due to the chemical reaction caused by the battery during the charging and discharging process The concentration diffusion is very slow, this phenomenon will make the distribution of electrolyte specific gravity uneven, causing measurement difficulties: and in general use, usually many small volt battery units are connected in series to provide power, so each All units need to be equipped with a specific gravity sensor, which increases the cost. At the same time, this method is also limited in use when it is applied to a new type of sealed battery. (2) Open-circuit voltage method: Although there is a linear relationship between the open-circuit voltage and the residual amount of electricity, when the open-circuit voltage is measured, the battery must be left for a long time to have a more accurate result. Moreover, the practicability is poor. (3) Battery internal resistance measurement method: In the process of obtaining the residual battery capacity by measuring the internal resistance of the battery, the battery must be additionally discharged for measurement. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specifications (210X297mm). (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page),-'° Printed 297098 377 by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standard Falcon Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention description () Work, this will not only consume the battery Energy will also affect normal work. (4) Ampere-hour method: accumulate the amount of electricity released during the charge and discharge of the battery, and then divide by the capacity of the battery itself, M to calculate the residual capacity value: due to the capacity of the battery itself discharge current, battery operating temperature, and battery aging phenomenon related. This method must have considerable battery discharge test data K as a reference • The logic and calculation process is bound to be very complicated. Although this method has more reliable accuracy than the above three methods, the complexity is too high, the cost is higher, and the individual differences in aging and charging efficiency problems still need to be improved. As mentioned above, Fu Tongshang still has some shortcomings and inconveniences in the detection method of the remaining battery capacity, which can be improved by adding M. In view of this, it inspired the inventor of the present invention, the main purpose of the present invention is A detection method and device that converts the battery's internal voltage and internal resistance to convert the battery's residual capacity is proposed. It combines the circuit analysis of the battery, the basic circuit principle and the basic test data of the battery. The three combine to propose the first battery residual capacity detection method. It is necessary to measure the battery voltage and current under the battery working load, and after the calculation by this method, a fairly accurate residual battery child can be known. The simple method for detecting the discharge of the battery of the present invention can be applied to various types of batteries, and has considerable accuracy. It is suitable for various dynamic and static working environments and can be used for simultaneous display and other advantages. In order for your reviewing committee to have a better understanding and approval of the purpose, stimulus, and efficacy of the present invention, the detailed description will be given in conjunction with the drawings. Brief description of the diagram: Figure 1 'is the basic internal circuit diagram of the battery. This paper scale applies to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) IIIII n Yan 11 Order J. Each / (please read the notes on the back and then fill in this page) A7 __B7_ V. Description of invention () Figure The relationship between output voltage and current of secondary battery. Figure 3 shows the relationship between internal voltage, internal resistance and residual capacity of lead-acid batteries. 4 is a system block diagram of the detection device of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a signal acquisition unit in the detection device of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the battery maintenance management unit in the detection device of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of the calculated residual value and the actual value obtained by using the detection method of the present invention. Figure 8 is a graph of residual capacity of nickel-cadmium batteries. Figure 9 is the residual capacity curve of the hydrogen battery. Figure 10 is a temperature effect diagram of a sealed lead-acid battery = the present invention firstly adds the description of the principle of the electrochemical characteristic M equivalent circuit inside the battery plus M (please refer to FIG. 1), and the relationship can be written as follows: V; = Ib Ri + V. ...................... (1) Since the residual capacity (soc) of the electricity is related to the internal voltage Vi of the battery and the internal resistance Ri, the battery is used to discharge The test data is the output voltage V of the M battery. Is the vertical axis, and the battery's output current Ib * is the horizontal axis. Under each specific residual capacity, a straight line of formula (1) is drawn, as shown in Figure 2, this figure is the actual discharge test using a lead-acid battery situation. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Sample Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the content on the back and then fill out this page) From equation (1), we can see that the vertical axis intercept of each line in Figure 2 is the internal voltage of the battery. The absolute value of the slope of the straight line is the internal resistance of the battery. Since each line in Figure 2 represents different residual capacity, the relationship between the internal parameters of the battery and the internal resistance of the two batteries and the residual capacity can be obtained, as shown in Figure 3, which is the internal voltage and internal voltage of the lead-acid battery. A diagram of the striated system of resistance and residual capacity. For all other batteries, such as common nickel ore and hydrogen batteries, the internal power of each battery can be obtained according to the method proposed by the present invention. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297mm) 'The A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standard Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (), the relationship between the internal resistance and the amount of residual electricity, the implementation results are shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9. Following the performance of the acid battery as an illustration, the two curves in Figure 3 are analyzed using the minimum square term as the following method.
Vi (SOC) = a, SOC2 + a2 SOC+ a3 ...........(2) R-u (SOC) = b, SOC2 + b2 SOCH- b3...........(3) 接著，將式（2)與式（3)代人式（1)中可得 C a( SOC2 + et2 SOC + a_3 ) = ( b, SOC2 + SQC 十 b3 ) I \> + V〇....................................(4) 由於電池在實際工作負載下，其輸出電壓νσ 與輸出 電流lb均可童測而得，故將式（4)改寫為 (a I ― b| I卜）SOC2 + ( a2 — h>2 Ij>) SOC + ( a3 — t>3 Ij,— V〇 )=0....................................(5) 解出式（5)則可得 S0C= [ — B± (B2 — 4AC) & ] /2A.....................( 〇) 其中A= ( a, — b | Ib ) B = ( — b 2 I b ) C = ( a_3 — b 3 I b _ V0 ) 因此，藉由量測電池工作時之輸出電壓，並配合電池 特性參數，便可得知該電池的殘電量。在式（2)與式（3) 中選擇二次多項式來作近f以，是為了兼顧準確性與簡易性 。若要求較高的精確性時亦可用三次（或更高次）多項式 作近似，但會增加電池特性參數的個數，線路或軟體設計 上亦較複雜。若只要求簡易性則可以一次直線作近似，以 四個特性參數即可描述電池的放電，但精確性會較差：， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ---------J------J------， (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Α7 Β7 經濟部中央搮準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（） 對於溫度變化所造成的殘電量檢知的誤差，本發明提 出的方法經過實際的實驗量測如圖十所示，不但其在高溫 及低溫環境的誤差皆在一定的範圍之内，尤其在電池處於 低電量的情況時，誤差更有縮小的傾向，顯示出本方法所 受溫度影響不大的優點，在實用上具有相當的可用性。 本方法具有簡單、實用的優點，其基本原理乃是從電 池最内部的特性來推導其殘電量，故不論就溫度效應或老 化效應，皆可以在其電池内部的内電壓及内電阻中反應出 來，再藉由本方法的原理，反應在殘電童的指示上’在本 文的說明中已舉出實際溫度的應造成的誤差均在一定的範 圍之内，已具有相當高的實用性。 接著，請再參閲圖四係蓮用本發明方法之電池殘電童 檢知裝置糸統方塊圖，本装置係可包括有一信號掘取單元 (10). —方程式運算單元(20)、一運算後處理單元（20)， 其中該信號掘取單元（:1〇.)丨系將電池（1)之輸出電壓及電流 轉換成數位型式的平均電壓％及平均電流了b至方程式 運算單元（20)中。 使用者可藉由一輸入單元（40)可將該電池之特性參數 ai〜as、〜b3等輸出至前述之方程式運算單元（2〇) 中*因此便可利用式(6)之方程式計算出初步的殘電量值 ，此處用來作為計算用途之方程式蓮算單元（20)可為數位 運算器或微處理器，而該輸入單元（40)則可採用適當的人 機界面作設定輸入，Μ使本装置可適用於各種不同類型 廠脾或特性的電池。 同時為了保護電池薄命，避免電池過放電，故將由方 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -* Τ ώ 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4规格（210Χ297公釐） 經濟部中央揉準局員工消費合作社印製 297098 at B7 五、發明説明（） 程式運算單元（20)計算得出之電池殘電量值SOC輸出至一 運算後處理單元（30 )作重新調整，亦即是以i〇%s〇C之實 際值為零點，另外，由於方程式運算單元（20)所得到之計 算值與實際值之間會有些許誤差產生，此部份的校正亦可 一併納入本單元中。 由運算後處理單元（30)輸出之殘電量計算值除了可由 一顯示單元（50)加以顯示外，並傳送至一電池維護管理單 元（60)進行糸統的控制工作，該電池維護管理單元（60)並 同時自前述之信號掘取單元（10)中讀取平均輸出電壓％ 值，因此，透過所得的殘電值再配合電池的輸出電壓，本 單元將電池之維護管理分為下列四種使用狀況（請參照圖 六）.： 正常工作區：當殘電量S0C> 40%時，表此時電池尚 處於正常的工作狀況之下： (二） 警示區：當殘電量S0C< 40%時，電ί也能量已漸趨完 畢，雖仍可繼續工作，但此時應充電Μ維護電池： (三） 限制區：當殘電量S0C< 20%時，電池能量已漸趨完 畢，不應繼鑛工作，杏則將有傷電池的壽命。故此時 藉由一限電流裝置（70)對電池的放電電流作限制動作 ，一可明顯警告使用者3應有充電動作，二則利用小 電流放電其電池容量增加的特性，使動態工作環境中 的使用者延長使用。 (四） 斷電區：當電池輸出電壓低於放電截止電歷，表示電 池之能量已經用完，此時若再繼纊放電會損壞電池， 故此時實施斷電措施。 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家橾準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X297公嫠） (請先閱讀背面之汰意事項再填寫本頁) *•11 經濟部中央樣準局員工消费合作杜印裝 A7 B7 五、發明説明（） 電池維護管理單兀（60)除適時作斷電或限電流處理外 ，並可隨電池（1.)工作於不同區段時，驅動—•電量蓄示燈（ 80)作不同燈色的顯示；在本實施例中，處於正常工作區 時’該電量譬示燈（80)可以綠色燈號顯示以表示正常狀態 ，而處於警示區時，則以黃色燈號顯示來提醒使用者應適 時充電，最後，處於限制區時’便以紅色燈號顯示要求使 用者應立刻作充電動作，Μ延長電池使用壽命。 前述之信號掘取單元（10)係作為電池輸出電歷及電流 值的讀取用’進一步包括有一電歷電流感測元件（11)、一 i嫌波器（12)、一類比數位轉換器（13)及一平均值求取電路 (14)等（請參照圖五）：該電壓電流感測元件（11)，丨系用 Μ偵測電池輸出之電壓電流類比訊號，並加以適當放大以 低壓作為輸出訊號；而滅波器（12)，則將電壓電流感測元 (牛所輸出之訊號加Μ處理，H'JS掉較高頻的雜訊；該類比 數位轉換器（13) ·將類比滤波器(12)處理輸出之類比訊號 轉換成數位訊號；最後，平均求取電路（14)，將電壓電流 之數位訊號於時域的一小區間，求其平均值Μ供方程式運 算單元（20)作殘電量值運算： 最後，前述之输入單元（40)可在所謂數據輸入方式及 模式選擇方式中擇一將電池特性參數傳至方程式運算單元 (20)中；在數據輸入方式下，該輸入簞元（40)可為一適當 的人機界面以供使用者將參數數值--輸入•而在模式選 擇方式下，輸入單元（40)可藉由糸統内建之各型電池特性 參數表，提供選擇鈕來選擇所使用的電池種類，以使各種 不同類型、廠牌的電池皆適用本裝置， 1·--------Μ-----,—ΐτ------旅._ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —本紙張尺度逋用中國國家橾準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X 297公釐） 經濟部中央櫺隼局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 ___ 五、發明説明（) 綜上所述，本發明之功效可歸納如下： 第一、本發明利用電池之特性參數，並配合實際工作負載 下的電池輸出電壓與輸出電流即可簡單地計算出電 池殘電量值，應用容易；且本發明可經由特性參數 的輸入改變而適用於各種不同類型、廠脾之電池殘 電量檢測作業，適用範圍大。 第二、本發明於電池正常的使用狀況下，具有相當可信賴 的準確性（請參照圖七），同時本發明可隨電池工 作負載同步顯示電池殘電量，不須停機作量測，亦 不須在量測上令電池放電而消耗電池的能董。 第三、本發明之殘電量檢測裝置針對電池的放電特性，將 電池的放電區做更仔细區分，除了一般的正常工作 區及警示區之外，又再增加電流限制區與斷電保護 區等二個層次，擁有較完整的放電管理系統•除了 有肋於延長電池使用期限外，並讓使用者易於對電 池加κ管理維護。 本發明確為當前電池殘電量檢測作業提供了一更具便 利且實甩的方法及装置，深富產業上實施之可行性，且為 目前市面上未見之運用*應已符合發明專利之要件，懇請 貴審査委明鑑，並祈惠准，惟以上係由實施例說明本發明 之内容，實施例之說明僅此例示之用，在本發明精神之下 ，習於此項技藝之人士，即使作出與實施例不盡相同之變 化，亦仍不脫離本發明之創作精神及以下所界定之專利範 圍之内。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） I:--------^-------1T------终 (請先閱讀背面之注t事項再填寫本頁)Vi (SOC) = a, SOC2 + a2 SOC + a3 ... (2) Ru (SOC) = b, SOC2 + b2 SOCH- b3 ............ (3) Next, substitute formula (2) and formula (3) in formula (1) to obtain C a (SOC2 + et2 SOC + a_3) = (b, SOC2 + SQC ten b3) I \ > + V 〇 .............................. (4) Since the battery is under actual working load, its output Both the voltage νσ and the output current lb can be measured by children, so the formula (4) is rewritten as (a I ― b | I bu) SOC2 + (a2 — h > 2 Ij >) SOC + (a3 — t > 3 Ij , — V〇) = 0 ........................ (5) Solve the formula ( 5) Then we can get S0C = [— B ± (B2 — 4AC) &] / 2A ..................... (〇) where A = (a , — B | Ib) B = (— b 2 I b) C = (a_3 — b 3 I b _ V0) Therefore, by measuring the output voltage of the battery during operation, and with the battery characteristic parameters, you can know The remaining capacity of the battery. The choice of quadratic polynomials in equations (2) and (3) to approximate f is to balance accuracy and simplicity. If higher accuracy is required, it can be approximated by cubic (or higher) polynomials, but it will increase the number of battery characteristic parameters, and the circuit or software design is more complicated. If only simplicity is required, it can be approximated by a straight line at a time, and the discharge of the battery can be described with four characteristic parameters, but the accuracy will be poor: This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)- -------- J ------ J ------, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Α7 Β7 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 3. Description of the invention () For the error of residual electricity detection caused by temperature change, the method proposed by the present invention is shown in Figure 10 after actual experimental measurement. Not only the error in high temperature and low temperature environment is in a certain range In particular, when the battery is at a low power level, the error tends to be narrower, showing the advantage that the method is not affected by temperature, and is practically usable. This method has the advantages of simplicity and practicality. Its basic principle is to derive its residual capacity from the innermost characteristics of the battery, so whether it is temperature effect or aging effect, it can be reflected in the internal voltage and internal resistance of the battery. Then, by the principle of this method, it is reflected in the indication of the residual electric child. In the description of this article, the actual temperature should be included in the error that should be caused within a certain range, and it has a very high practicability. Next, please refer to FIG. 4 again. The block diagram of the battery residual battery detection device using the method of the present invention. The device may include a signal mining unit (10). —Equation operation unit (20), a Operation post-processing unit (20), wherein the signal extraction unit (: 10). Is to convert the output voltage and current of the battery (1) into a digital type of average voltage% and average current b to the equation operation unit ( 20). The user can output the battery's characteristic parameters ai ~ as, ~ b3, etc. to the aforementioned equation calculation unit (2〇) through an input unit (40) * so it can be calculated using the equation (6) The preliminary residual electricity value, the equation used here for calculation purposes (20) can be a digital arithmetic unit or a microprocessor, and the input unit (40) can use a suitable man-machine interface for setting input, Μ makes the device suitable for batteries of various types and characteristics. At the same time, in order to protect the battery life and avoid over-discharge of the battery, it will be left to you (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)-* Τ ώ This paper standard uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297mm) Economy Printed 297098 at B7 by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Central Bureau of Accreditation V. Description of invention () The residual battery value SOC calculated by the program calculation unit (20) is output to a post-processing unit (30) for readjustment, that is Therefore, the actual value of i〇% s〇C is zero. In addition, because there is a slight error between the calculated value and the actual value obtained by the equation calculation unit (20), this part of the correction can also be included in this In the unit. The calculated value of the residual power output by the post-processing unit (30) can be displayed by a display unit (50), and then transmitted to a battery maintenance management unit (60) for general control work. The battery maintenance management unit ( 60) At the same time, the average output voltage% value is read from the aforementioned signal mining unit (10). Therefore, through the residual value obtained and the output voltage of the battery, this unit divides the maintenance management of the battery into the following four Usage status (please refer to Figure 6) .: Normal working area: when the residual power S0C> 40%, the battery is still under normal working conditions at this time: (2) Warning area: when the residual power S0C < 40% The energy of the battery has gradually been completed. Although it can still continue to work, it should be charged to maintain the battery at this time: (3) Restricted area: When the residual power S0C <20%, the battery energy has gradually completed and should not be continued. Mining work, Xing will hurt the life of the battery. Therefore, at this time, the discharge current of the battery is limited by a current limiting device (70), one can clearly warn the user 3 that there should be a charging action, and the second is to use the small current to discharge the characteristics of the increased battery capacity, so that the dynamic working environment Users prolonged use. (4) Power-off zone: When the output voltage of the battery is lower than the discharge cut-off calendar, it means that the energy of the battery has been used up. At this time, if the battery is discharged again, it will damage the battery, so implement power-off measures at this time. The size of the paper is free to use the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X297) (please read the details on the back and then fill out this page) * • 11 Employee Consumption Cooperation Du Printed A7 of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs B7 V. Description of the invention () The battery maintenance management unit (60), except for timely power-off or current-limiting treatment, and can work with the battery (1.) in different sections, drive-• battery indicator (80 ) For different light colors; in this embodiment, the power indicator light (80) can be displayed in a green light to indicate normal status when in the normal working area, and displayed in a yellow light when in the warning area To remind users that they should be charged in a timely manner. Finally, when they are in the restricted area, they will be displayed with a red light to require the user to immediately charge, so as to extend the battery life. The aforementioned signal mining unit (10) is used to read the battery output electrical history and current value. It further includes an electrical current sensing element (11), an i-wave detector (12), and an analog-to-digital converter (13) and an average value obtaining circuit (14), etc. (please refer to FIG. 5): The voltage and current sensing element (11) uses Μ to detect the voltage and current analog signal output by the battery and amplifies it appropriately The low voltage is used as the output signal; and the wave extinguisher (12), the voltage and current sensing element (the signal output by the cattle is processed by M, H'JS drops the higher frequency noise; the analog digital converter (13) · Convert the analog signal output by the analog filter (12) into a digital signal; finally, the average obtaining circuit (14) converts the digital signal of voltage and current between a cell in the time domain, and calculates the average value M for the equation operation unit (20) Calculation of residual electricity value: Finally, the aforementioned input unit (40) can select one of the so-called data input mode and mode selection mode to transfer the battery characteristic parameters to the equation operation unit (20); in the data input mode , The input element (40) can be An appropriate man-machine interface for the user to input the parameter value-and in the mode selection mode, the input unit (40) can be selected by the built-in battery characteristic parameter table of each type, providing a selection button to select The type of battery used, so that different types of batteries of different brands are suitable for this device, 1 · -------- Μ -----, — Ιτ ------ 旅 ._ (Please Read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) —This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X 297mm). The A7 B7 ___ is printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Falcon Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. () In summary, the effectiveness of the present invention can be summarized as follows: First, the present invention can simply calculate the residual battery value by using the battery's characteristic parameters and the battery output voltage and output current under the actual working load. The application is easy; and the invention can be applied to the detection of residual battery capacity of various types and factory spleen through the input of characteristic parameters, and the scope of application is large. Second, the invention is quite reliable under normal battery usage conditions Accuracy (Refer to Figure 7) At the same time, the present invention can simultaneously display the remaining battery capacity with the battery workload, without shutting down for measurement, and without having to discharge the battery during the measurement to consume the battery power. Third, the invention According to the discharge characteristics of the battery, the residual power detection device distinguishes the discharge area of the battery more carefully. In addition to the normal normal operation area and the warning area, two levels such as the current limit area and the power failure protection area are added. Complete discharge management system • In addition to being proficient in extending battery life, and allowing users to easily add κ management and maintenance to the battery. The present invention does provide a more convenient and practical method for current battery residual power detection The device is a feasibility for implementation in the Shenzhen-rich industry, and it is an application that is not currently available on the market. * It should have met the requirements of the invention patent. Please urge your review committee to express your approval and pray for permission, but the above is an example to illustrate the invention. Contents, the description of the embodiments are for the purpose of illustration only, and under the spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art, even if they make different changes from the embodiments , And still does not deviate from the creative spirit of the present invention and the patent scope defined below. This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) I: -------- ^ ------- 1T ------ End (please read the note on the back first (t fill in this page again)