TW205093B - Applied vibration device and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

An attached device for vibration which is primarily designed for applied vibration device used for supporting the freely bouncing axle of vehicle body, is characterized by: the fisrt vibration applied mechanism for the applied vibration in the up and down direction on the rear side of axle, the second vibration applied mechanism for the vibration in the up and down direction on the front side, and the third vibration applied mechanism for the applied vibration in the front and rear direction on either the front side of axle or rear side of axle.

Description

20S50S3 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明僳有關於一種對於汽車或機車等之車輛，可藉 測試台，將實際行走路面負載予以再現，且能含被振動賦 加對象台能夠再現如地震等等之三次元振動狀態的振動賦 加裝置及其控制方法。 振動赋加裝置，由於可藉測試台，將製作完成車輔之 實際行走路面負載予以再現，因此在汽車等車輛開發方面 乃可當作有效的裝置，而被廣泛地應用在評價性能及耐久 測試方面。 另一方面，以往之振動賦加裝置之振動賦加控制方法 ，乃藉事先已決定好傅立禁頻譜之絶對值分布的雜訊，令 車輛作數次的振動賦加處理，而以此時之測定所求得之轉 移函數為基礎，令實際行走資料於台上再現，而進行反復 計算。 然而在上述般經由車輛而實施振動賦加之振動賦加裝 置中，只能將在比較平坦路面上的走行負載予以再現，而 在增加振動賦加速度時，輪胎會自振動台跳起，而具有無 法將實際路面行走負載忠實地加以再現的缺點。 又在上述控制方法中，當振動賦加對象為機車等車輛 時，亦有無法令實際之路面行走負載忠實地再現的缺點。 而調査其原因，即知在上述控制方法中所使用的轉移 函數係以某個特定的振動位準所計測得到之線性近似者， 然對機車之振動賦加方面，則會産生懸吊糸統與地面發生 摩擦以下稱之為（bottoming)之現象，而需要非線性模 式，因此上述之線性近似模式並不適用。因此在以由上述 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再祕寫本頁) i裝· 訂. ii 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（21〇 X 297公釐） -3 - Α6 Β6 五、發明説明f ) (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 之振動賦加測定所得到之轉移函數為基礎，而反復地進行 修正計算時，則很難將路面行走負載予以再現。具體地說 ，如圖3所示，當使用由振動賦加信號為X a時之目標信 號Y a所決定之轉移函數G 1時，則在要得到目標信號Y 時，即會判斷出錯誤之振動賦加信號X c。其結果反而在 輸入振動賦加信號X c時，則利用轉移函數G而産生之目 標信號，會超越所要之目標信號Y ,當目標信號Y為即將 發生車底與地面産生摩擦的值時，刖測試車輛會發生破損 。亦即當用於測定轉移函數之輸入較Xb為大時，則會對 振動賦加對象加諸過大的負載。 另一方面，以往已知之機車用之振動賦加裝置，一般 而言在座位之上部固定搭載有具有與乘客相同程度之重量 的稱重。 但是在負載有乘客之等價重量的習知方法中，稱重相 對於座於會一體地動作，而不能如實際之駕駛者一樣，相 對對於座位會産生若干的時間上延遲而上下蓮動，而無法 將該蓮動模式予以再現。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 又亦考慮僅將稱重載置在座位上而實施振動賦加的方 法，然此時，若強力地對車輛賦加振動，則稱重會自座位 而脱離，而破壊左右的平衡，因此産生稱重自座位脱離掉 落的缺點。 又對於對振動賦加對象Y賦加三次元方向之振動，而 觀測其耐震性之三次方的振動賦加機而言，乃具備有：相 對於被設在底面上之導引面，經由靜壓軸承而被設成可在 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>甲4規格（210 X 297公釐〉 ~ 4 - 20S0&3 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（3 ) X軸方向自由滑動狀的X軸直動式致動器，相對於被設在 上述X軸直動式致動器上之導引面，而經由靜壓軸承被設 成可在Y軸方向自由滑動狀的T軸直動式致動器以及相對 於被設在上述Y軸直動式致動器上之導引面，而經由靜壓 軸承被設成可在Z軸方向自由滑動狀的Z軸直動式致動器 ，藉驅動各自動式致動器，可對三次元振動試驗機之振動 賦加振動。 更者亦有藉將經由球面軸承，而僅由垂直與水平兩方 向賦予振動模式之Z軸方向振動試驗機之X軸移動框體以 及T軸移動框體卡合在Z軸轉移框體，而能將三次元的振 動模式賦予至振動台之三次元振動試驗機等。 又在習知之三次元的振動賦加機中，由於需要導引面 ，球面軸承及框體，因此具有構造變複雜的缺點。又在使 用球面軸承之三次元的振動賦加機中，其振幅會變小，更 者在使用導引面及框體之三次元的振動賦加機中，亦有伴 隨振動台之振動所産生之慣性力變大，且在高頻域中之振 動控制變得困難的缺點。更者在X軸直動式致動器之上載 置Y軸直動式致動器，Z軸直動式致動器時，致動器會因 加速度被致動，而有難以求得高控制精度的缺點。 而本發明之目的，即在於提供一可將實際之路面行走 負載忠實地予以再現而賦予至車輛等之振動賦加裝置。 本發明之其他目的，在於提供一可對車輛忠實地令實 際之路面行走負載等再現之振動賦加裝置的控制方法。 而本發明之其他目的，即在於提供一具備有能夠對乘 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) i裝- 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） —5 一 A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明（4 ) 客坐在座位之狀態下的車輛，令實際行走路面負載忠實地 再現之乘客荷重賦個構造的振動賦加裝置。 又本發明之又一目的在於提供一控制精度高，可得到 大振幅且構造簡單之三次元的振動賦加裝置。 本發明之其他目的在於提供一振動賦加裝置，其主要 傜對備有呈自由回動狀被支撑在車體框架之車軸的車輛賦 加振動之振動賦加裝置，其主要特徵包括：對後側之車軸 於上下方向賦加振動之第1振動賦加機，對前側之車軸於 上下方向賦加振動之第2振動賦加機以及對前側之車軸或 是後側之車軸之任一者於前後方向賦加振動之第3振動賦 加機。 又本發明之目的即在於提供一在申請專利範圍第1項 之振動賦加裝置中，上述前側或是後側之車軸中之任一者 ，乃經由連結機構，藉反作用力治具而限制在前後方向上 的移動，而在作為上述第3振動賦加機之一構成元件的振 動賦加棒則附設有荷重撿測裝置，而此外亦設置有能夠令 由該荷重撿測裝置所撿出之檢出值經常成為一定值般地， 隨著第1及第2振動賦加機的作動，可控制第3振動賦加 機之作動的控制器。 本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第1項之振動 賦加裝置中，在上述車軸之外周，在自車體框架而延伸之 左右連桿臂的内側部分則分別設有間隔元件，且在該車軸 之大略中央部分存在有振動賦加點。 又本發明之其他目的，是在如申請專利範圍第3項之 本紙張又度通用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（21〇 X 297公梦） (請先《讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 丨裝_ 訂· 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 "6 - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（5 ) 振動賦加裝置中，傷一令上述後側之車軸，可經由連桿機 構，藉反作用力治具而限制在前後方向上之移動者，而上 述連桿機構，係由具有適當間隔而被平行配置之左右的連 捍臂以及將該些連桿臂互相連結之橫向構件所構成，上述 左右之連桿臂，其彼此之相對長度可被調整。 本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第4項之振動 賦加裝置中，在用於支持上述側之車軸的左右懸吊構件分 別貼設有應變計。 本發明之其他目的，是如申請專利範圍第1項之振動 賦加裝置中，上述用於對等後輪之車軸，可藉由一被配置 在該車軸之後方，且備有自反作用力治具朝前方延伸，而 左右具適當間隔地被配置之平行連桿臂的連動機構，而被 支持成可上下自由移動，此外可藉振動賦加機對上述車軸 於上下方向賦加振動，而其特徵在於具備有： 在上述機車之座位上部載置有相當於駕駛者之稱重， 而藉自上述反作用力治具朝前方延伸之左右的平行連桿臂 ，將該稱重支持或可在上下自由移動之乘客荷重賦予構造 Ο 本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第6項之振動 賦加裝置中，乃具備有：在上述機車之座位的上部將相當 於乘客之第1稱重與相當於駕駛者之第2稱重分別錯開配 置，而藉左右之平行的連桿臂，將該些第1，第2稱重互 相連結成可上下自由移動狀，且藉自上述反作用力治具朝 前方延伸之左右的平行連桿臂，將上述第1稱重支持成可 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公梦〉 (請先閲請背面之注意事項再場寫本頁) 裝· 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 205093 B6_ 五、發明説明（6 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在上下自由移動狀而構成之乘客荷重賦予構造。 又本發明之其他目的，傺在提供一種振動賦加裝置之 控制方法，傜一對可得到實際行走路面負載之車輛強制地 賦加振動之振動賦加裝置之控制方法，其特徵在於： i裝，20S50S3 A6 B6 Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a vehicle such as a car or a locomotive. The test bench can be used to reproduce the actual road load and can A vibration application device and its control method including a vibration-applied object platform capable of reproducing a three-dimensional vibration state such as an earthquake and the like. The vibration application device can be used to reproduce the actual walking road load of the completed vehicle auxiliary by the test bench, so it can be used as an effective device in the development of automobiles and other vehicles, and is widely used in evaluating performance and durability testing aspect. On the other hand, in the conventional vibration application device, the vibration application control method uses the noise that has been determined in advance to determine the absolute value distribution of the Fourier Forbidden Spectrum, so that the vehicle is subjected to vibration application processing several times. Based on the transfer function determined by the measurement, the actual walking data is reproduced on the stage and repeated calculations are performed. However, in the vibration application device that applies vibration application via the vehicle as described above, only the running load on a relatively flat road surface can be reproduced, and when the vibration application acceleration is increased, the tire jumps from the vibration table, and there is no The shortcoming of faithfully reproducing the actual road walking load. In addition, in the above control method, when the vibration application target is a vehicle such as a locomotive, there is also a disadvantage that the actual road surface walking load cannot be faithfully reproduced. Investigate the reason, that is, the transfer function used in the above control method is a linear approximation measured at a specific vibration level, but if it is added to the vibration of the locomotive, it will produce a suspension system. The occurrence of friction with the ground is a phenomenon called bottoming and requires a non-linear mode, so the linear approximation mode described above is not applicable. Therefore, please follow the above (please read the precautions on the back and then write this page secretly). I install and order. Ii This paper standard is universal Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (21〇X 297 mm) -3-Α6 Β6 V. Description of the Invention f) (Please read the precautions on the back and then this page) Based on the transfer function obtained by the vibration application measurement, it is difficult to reproduce the road walking load when the correction calculation is repeated . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, when the transfer function G 1 determined by the target signal Ya when the vibration application signal is X a is used, when the target signal Y is to be obtained, an error will be judged. The vibration imparts a signal X c. As a result, when the vibration application signal X c is input, the target signal generated by the transfer function G will exceed the desired target signal Y. When the target signal Y is the value at which the friction between the vehicle bottom and the ground is about to occur, 刖The test vehicle will be damaged. That is, when the input for measuring the transfer function is larger than Xb, an excessive load will be applied to the object to which the vibration is applied. On the other hand, conventionally known vibration applying devices for locomotives are generally equipped with weighings having the same weight as passengers on the upper part of the seat. However, in the conventional method loaded with the passenger's equivalent weight, the weighing will move integrally with respect to the seat, but it cannot be delayed for a certain amount of time relative to the seat like an actual driver. It is impossible to reproduce the lotus movement pattern. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and considering the method of applying vibration only by placing the weight on the seat, at this time, if the vehicle is strongly vibrated, the weight will be taken from the seat. The balance of the left and right sides is broken, so there is a disadvantage that the weighing is dropped from the seat. In addition, for the vibration imparting machine that applies vibration in the direction of the third dimension to the vibration imparting object Y, and observes its seismic resistance, it is equipped with: The bearing is set to be suitable for the Chinese national standard (CNS> A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm)> ~ 4-20S0 & 3 A6 B6 at the size of this paper. Description (3) The X-axis direct-acting actuator that slides freely in the X-axis direction is provided on the guide surface provided on the X-axis direct-acting actuator via a static pressure bearing so that The T-axis direct-acting actuator freely sliding in the Y-axis direction and the guide surface provided on the Y-axis direct-acting actuator are provided freely in the Z-axis direction via a hydrostatic bearing The sliding Z-axis direct-acting actuator can drive the vibration of the three-dimensional vibration testing machine by driving each automatic actuator. Furthermore, it can also pass through spherical bearings, and only by vertical and horizontal The X-axis moving frame of the Z-axis vibration testing machine with vibration mode The T-axis moving frame is engaged with the Z-axis transfer frame, and the three-dimensional vibration mode can be given to the three-dimensional vibration testing machine of the shaking table. In the conventional three-dimensional vibration adding machine, due to the need The guide surface, spherical bearing and frame body have the disadvantage of a complicated structure. In the three-dimensional vibration applying machine using spherical bearings, the amplitude will become smaller, and the guide surface and frame body are used three times. The vibration applicator of the element also has the disadvantage that the inertial force generated by the vibration of the vibration table becomes larger, and the vibration control in the high frequency domain becomes difficult. Furthermore, in the X-axis direct-acting actuator When the Y-axis direct-acting actuator is mounted, the Z-axis direct-acting actuator has a disadvantage that it is difficult to obtain high control accuracy due to acceleration, and the object of the present invention is to Provide a vibration applying device that can faithfully reproduce the actual road walking load to the vehicle, etc. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration application that can faithfully reproduce the actual road walking load, etc. to the vehicle The controller of the device The other purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that has the ability to ride (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page). I Binding-Ordering. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) —5 A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 V. Description of the invention (4) The vehicle is seated in a seat, and the actual load on the road is faithfully reproduced by the passenger load. A vibration-applying device with a structure. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional vibration applying device with high control accuracy, large amplitude and simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration applying device whose main The vibration-applying device for applying vibration to a vehicle supported on the axle of the vehicle body frame in a free-returning manner includes the following main features: the first vibration applying machine that applies vibration to the rear axle in the up-down direction, and the front A second vibration applying machine that applies vibration in the up-down direction and a third vibration applying machine that applies vibration in the front-rear direction to either the front axle or the rear axle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration applying device according to item 1 of the patent application, any one of the front axle or the rear axle is limited by the reaction mechanism through the coupling mechanism The movement in the front-rear direction, and the vibration applying rod as one of the constituent elements of the third vibration applying machine is provided with a load detection device, and in addition, it is provided with a device capable of being picked up by the load detection device The detected value often becomes a certain value. With the operation of the first and second vibration applying machines, a controller that can control the operation of the third vibration applying machine. Another object of the present invention is that in the vibration applying device of the first patent application, spacer elements are provided on the inner periphery of the left and right link arms extending from the vehicle body frame on the outer periphery of the above-mentioned axle, and There is a vibration application point in the roughly central part of the axle. The other purpose of the present invention is to use the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X 297 Gongmeng) of the original paper as the third item of the scope of patent application (please read the precautions on the back and then 塡Write this page) 丨 Installation _ Order · Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs " 6-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of invention (5) In the vibration imparting device, the above-mentioned rear axle was injured for one order. Through the link mechanism, the movement in the front-rear direction is restricted by the reaction force fixture, and the above-mentioned link mechanism is composed of right and left connecting arms arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals and connecting these link arms to each other The cross member is composed of the above-mentioned left and right link arms, and their relative lengths can be adjusted. Another object of the present invention is to provide strain gauges to the left and right suspension members for supporting the axle on the above side in the vibration applying device of the fourth patent application. The other object of the present invention is that, as in the vibration applying device of the first patent application, the above-mentioned axle for the rear-equivalent wheel can be disposed behind the axle and equipped with a self-reaction force. The linking mechanism that extends forward and has parallel link arms arranged at right and left intervals at right and left is supported to move up and down freely. In addition, the above-mentioned axle can be vibrated by the vibration applying machine in the vertical direction, and its It is characterized by the following: a weight equivalent to the driver is placed on the upper part of the seat of the locomotive, and the left and right parallel link arms extending forward from the reaction force fixture support the weight or can be up and down Free-moving passenger load-giving structure Ο The other purpose of the present invention is to provide the vibration applying device in item 6 of the patent application scope with the following: the upper part of the seat of the above-mentioned locomotive will be equivalent to the passenger's first weighing and The second weighing equivalent to the driver is staggered, and the first and second weighings are connected to each other to be freely movable up and down by the parallel link arms on the left and right, and borrowed from the above The left and right parallel link arms of the reaction force fixture extend forward, and support the first weighing as described above. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 male dreams) (please read the back first (Notes on this page will be written on the next page) Installation, Ordering, and Printing A6 205093 B6_ by the Employees ’Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention Instructions (6) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Move up and down freely The passenger load-bearing structure is formed like this. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a control method of a vibration-applying device, a pair of vibration-applying devices that can forcefully apply vibration to a vehicle that can obtain actual road load The control method is characterized by: i equipment,

A 藉初始雜訊對車體賦加振動而測量此時之轉移函數， 接著將此時之轉移函數以及由車輛在測試行走時所得到之 實際行走資料所得到之用於計測轉移函數之雜訊加以合成 ,而將與藉該雜訊而對車體賦加振動時所得到之車體之振 動資料之各頻率呈對應的位準與實際上之行走資料加以比 較，而判斷其間是否近似，若判斷不近似時，則反復進行 上述一連串的處理環路直到上述兩資料近似至容許範圍為 止，而在上述兩資料近似到容許範圍内時，則決定與轉移 函數測定用之各雜訊呈對應的位準，而藉該轉移函數測定 用雜訊群施加多回的振動而測量其轉移函數，且以該轉移 函數為基礎，而反復地進行修正直到實際行走資料再現為 止。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 又本發明之其他目的，傜在提供一種振動賦加裝置之 控制方法，其主要是在藉振動賦加裝置對可得到實際行走 路面負載之車輛強制性地賦予振動之振動賦加裝置中，在 求取強制性賦加振動時所使用的轉移函數G a r ( f )時 ，其主要包括： 將事先決定之雜訊與該雜訊輸入至振動賦加裝置而實 施測試振動賦加作業，而由被安裝在車輛之車體振動檢測 器的輸出來求取暫時的轉移函數G a ( f )，而演算上述 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公發） A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（7 ) 暫時之轉移函數Ga (f)之逆函數Gb_7 (f),對被 安裝在實際行走車輛之車髏振動檢測器的輸出信號Y ( t )進行傅立葉轉換，而將信號Y ( f )乘上上述逆函數 Gb_2 (f)，而求取對該乘法輸出進行傅立葉轉換之振 動賦加信號X ( 0 )的第1工程及； 將在上述第1工程所求得之振動賦加信號X ( 0 )( t )當作初始值，而將在該振動賦加信號X ( 0 ) ( t ) 供給至振動賦加裝置而賦加振動時之車體振動檢測器的輸 出，將振動賦加信號依序修正至到逹由傅立禁轉換之信號 Y ( n ) (f)之絶對值與上述信號Y(f)之絶對值之 差信號E ( n ) (f)事先所決定之容許誤差範圍内為止 之第2工程及； 藉相對於在上述差信號E (n) (f)進入容許誤差 範菌内時之在上述第2工程所求得之振動賦加信號傅立葉 頻譜之絶對值呈相等分布之雜訊群，來求取轉移函數 Gar (f)之第3工程。 本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第9項之振動 賦加裝置之控制方法中，在第1工程中當作初始值的振動 賦加信號，係由對由逆函數Gb-2 (f),安全傜數 K ( 0 < k S 1 )與信號Y ( f )之乘法輸出進行傅立葉 轉換而求得。 本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第9項之振動 賦加裝置之控制方法中，在第2工程中之振動賦加信號的 修正，偽藉在由上述信號E ( n ) (f)與逆函數 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公梦） (請先閲1^面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝. 訂. 經濟部中央標準局具工消費合作社印製 -9 - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（8 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)A The initial noise is used to apply vibration to the vehicle body to measure the transfer function at this time, and then the transfer function at this time and the noise used to measure the transfer function obtained from the actual walking data obtained by the vehicle during the test walk It is synthesized, and the frequency of the vibration data of the car body obtained when the vehicle body is vibrated by the noise is compared with the actual walking data at the corresponding level, and it is judged whether they are similar, if When it is judged that it is not similar, the above series of processing loops are repeated until the two data are approximated to the allowable range, and when the two data are approximated to the allowable range, it is decided to correspond to each noise used for the transfer function measurement. The transfer function is used to measure the transfer function by applying multiple vibrations of the noise group for measurement by the transfer function, and based on the transfer function, it is repeatedly corrected until the actual walking data is reproduced. Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and for other purposes of the present invention, Tong is providing a control method for a vibration-applying device, which is mainly used In a vibration application device that imparts vibration to the ground, when obtaining the transfer function G ar (f) used in the forced application of vibration, it mainly includes: inputting the previously determined noise and the noise to the vibration application The device performs the test vibration adding operation, and the temporary transfer function G a (f) is obtained from the output of the vehicle body vibration detector installed in the vehicle, and the calculation of the above paper scale is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 Specifications (210 X 297 public issue) A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (7) Temporary transfer function Ga (f) inverse function Gb_7 (f), output to the skeleton vibration detector installed on the actual walking vehicle The signal Y (t) is Fourier transformed, and the signal Y (f) is multiplied by the above inverse function Gb_2 (f), and the first project of obtaining the vibration-applied signal X (0) by Fourier transforming the multiplied output and ; The vibration applying signal X (0) (t) obtained in the above first project is taken as the initial value, and the vibration applying signal X (0) (t) is supplied to the vibration applying device to apply vibration The output of the vehicle body vibration detector at the time, sequentially corrects the vibration application signal to the difference between the absolute value of the signal Y (n) (f) converted by the Fourier Ban and the absolute value of the above signal Y (f) Signal E (n) (f) The second project up to the pre-determined allowable error range; and By the way in the second project above when the difference signal E (n) (f) enters the allowable error range The obtained vibration is added to the noise group of which the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of the signal is equally distributed to obtain the third project of the transfer function Gar (f). The other object of the present invention is to apply the vibration application signal as the initial value in the first project in the control method of the vibration application device of item 9 of the patent scope, which is determined by the inverse function Gb-2 (f ), The multiplication output of the safety Kang number K (0 < k S 1) and the signal Y (f) is obtained by Fourier transform. The other object of the present invention is to correct the vibration application signal in the second project in the control method of the vibration application device of the ninth patent application, which is due to the above signal E (n) (f) Inverse function This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Grade 4 (210 X 297 Gongmeng) (please read the precautions for 1 ^ first and then fill out this page) 丨 Install. Order. The Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Consumer Cooperative-9-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of invention (8) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Gb〃（f)乘上安全係數κ (〇<KS1)之信號之絶 對值等兩者的積，加上對振動賦加信號進行傅立葉轉換之 信號的絶對值，而對該信號進行傅立葉轉換之信號而進行 〇 又本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第9項之振 動賦加裝置之控制方法中，信號Y ( t )係在實際行走時 即將發生懸吊糸統地面摩檫之前的信號。 -裝- 又本發明之其他目的，是在申請專利範圍第9項之振 動賦加裝置之控制方法中，事先所決定之雜訊為白雜訊（ wlite noise) 0 如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制方法， 事先所決定之雜訊傜一在要演算轉移函數之頻率範圍内， 傅立葉頻譜之絶對值的分布傜與頻率之2次方呈反比之雜 訊。 又本發明之其他目的，在於提供一種振動賦加裝置， 其主要係一賦加三次元之振動賦加裝置特徵包括： 上部載置有對象物之振動台及； 對上述振動台供給佶號之1個水平X軸振動賦加機及 « 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 f 被配設在三角形之各頂點的位置，而令該振動台作上 下蓮動之3個垂直Z軸振動賦加機及； 被配設在振動器相對於振動台之抵接位置附近的轉換 器及； 自事先所決定之雜訊以及在將該雜訊輸入到振動賦加 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -10 - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（9 ) 裝置而賦加振動之際，來自被安裝在振動台之轉換器群的 輸出而求取轉移函數矩陣，而使用該轉移函數矩陣之逆矩 陣，發出一能賦予産生所希望之振動賦加狀態之信號的控 制部。 又本發明之其他目的以及優點可參照圖面作以下之詳 細說。而由本發明之最佳實施例應當能容易理解。 圔面之簡單說明： 圖1傺本發明之第1實施例之振動賦加裝置的側面圖 0 圖2像表對本發明之第1實施例中之第3振動賦加機 實施位移控制時所使用的控制圖。 圖3傜表實際轉移函數與近似轉移函數之特性圖。 圖4偽表本發明之振動賦加控制方法之流程圖。 圔5傜表根據本發明之方法時之傅立葉頻譜之振幅的 説明圖。 圖6傺表使用由本發明方法所求得之轉移函數而求振 動賦加信號X ( t )時的流程圖。 圖I 7 ί%表在多軸糸統中之轉移函數與輸出入信號的關 傜圖。 圔8係表在多軸条統中之轉移函數逆矩陣與輸出入信 號之關係圖。 圖9傜本發明之第2實施例之振動賦加裝置的側面圖 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公發） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝· 訂· 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 -π - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（10) 圔10俗表本發明之第3實施例中之在車體後部之振 動賦加部構造的立體圖。 圔11像本發明之第3實施例中之在車體後部之振動 賦加部構造的平面圖。 第1 2傜表本發明之第3實施例中之後側車軸周圍的 詳細圖。 圖13像表本發明之第3實施例中之連桿臂與横向桿 之連結桿構造的立體圖。 圔14像表本發明之第4實施例中之在車體前部之振 動賦加部構造的側面圖。 圖1 5俗表本發明之第5實施例之振動賦加裝置的側 面圔。 圔16傜表在本發明之第5實施例中之被載置在座位 上之乘客荷重賦加部的側面圖。 圖17像表在本發明之第5實施例中之被載置在座位 上之乘客荷重賦加部的平面圖。 圖1 8係表沿著圖1 6之A — A線的斷面圖。 圖1 9傜表在本發明之第5實施例中之被載置在座位 上之稱重與用於支撑其之平行連桿臂之連結構造的其他實 施例圖。 圔2 0傜表本發明之第5實施例中之平行連桿臂之長 度調整機構之其他實施例的斷面圖。 圖2 1俗表本發明之第6實施例中之三次元之振動賦 加裝置之振動台的立體圖。 本紙張尺度適用中國國木標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 29*7公货） -----------：-------------裝------訂------^丨 (請先閲1?^面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局3工消费合作社印製 -12 - 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印3衣 -205093 A6 __B6 五、發明説明（11) 圖22像表本發明之第6實施例中之三次元之振動賦 加裝置之振動台的側面圖。 圖2 3像表本發明之第6實施例中之三次元之振動賦 加裝置振動台的平面圖。 圔24像表本發明之第6實施例中之三次元之振動賦 加裝置之控制部的說明圖。 圖2 5傜表本發明之第6實施例中之三次元之振動賦 加裝置之控制部的說明圖。 圖26係表在本發明之第6實施例中，使用轉移函數 來求取振動賦加信號之流程圖。 圖2 7俗表在本發明之第6實施例中，用於説明藉轉 移函數矩陣來求取三次元之振動賦加裝置相對於振動台之 振動賦加信號的模式圖。 以下請參照圖面來說明本發明之第1實施例。 圖1傺本發明之振動賦加裝置的側面圖，而係表適用 在汽車之負載模擬情況，圖中1係表成為振動賦加對象之 汽車，而該車輛之前後的車輛事先被取下。2傺表呈自由 旋轉狀被支撑在機車之車體框體（未圖示）的前側的車軸 ，而該車軸2被支撑在套筒（telescopic)型式的懸吊構 件3。5俗後側的車軸，而該車軸5則被安裝在後叉（ fork)部6上，且該後叉部俗呈自由擺動狀地被支撑在由 與連捍機構組合而成之後緩衝部（未圖示）上。 又10傜一直接對上述汽車1之前後之車軸2. 5實 施振動賦加之車軸振動賦加裝置。該車軸振動賦加裝置 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) .丨裝. 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -13 - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（12) 1 ◦係由實際上對車軸實施振動賦加之機械分1 1以及用 於控制該機械部分11之控制器12所構成。 而車軸振動賦加裝置10之機械部分11像由：可對 機車，之後側之車軸5 ,於上下方向實施賦加振動之第1 振動賦加機1 4 ,對前側之車軸2於上下方向實施賦加振 動之第2振動賦加機1 5以及對前側之車軸2 ,於前後方 向實施賦加振動之第3振動賦加機1 6等所構成。而該些 振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6可使用能賦予拉伸及壓縮兩 力量之復動形的油壓缸。 連結棒1 7 , 1 7之一端分別被銷（p i η )接合在 振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5之活塞桿1 4 a , 1 5 a的前端， 而連結棒1 7 , 1 7的前端則分別被銷接合在車軸2 , 5 。又擺動板1 8之一端1 8 b被銷接合在第3振動賦加機 1 6之活塞桿1 6 a的前端。該擺動板1 8 ,由側面來看 乃被形成為三角形狀，而其中央基端部1 8 a則成可朝鉛 直方向自由擺動狀地被支撑在支持體1 9的上部。此外該 擺動板1 8之另一端則被銷結合至一在略水平方向延伸之 振動賦加棒2 ◦的一端，而該振動賦加棒2 ◦之另一端則 被銷結合在上述前側之車軸2。亦即第3振動賦加機1 6 之活塞桿1 6 a ,藉在上下方向自由伸縮作動，則經由擺 動板1 8以及振動賦加棒2 0，可使機車之前側的車軸2 ，於前後方向被賦加振動。此外在上述振動賦加棒2 0則 設有荷重檢測裝置2 1。又2 5傜用於限制機車之車體在 前後方向上之移動之剛體的反作用力治具。而上述機車之 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再f本頁) i裝- 訂 經濟部中喪標準局貝工消費合作社印製 本紙張八及通用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公货） -14 A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（13) 後側之車軸5則經由連捍臂2 6被連結至該反作用力治具 2 5 〇 其次就使用上述構造之裝置的振動賦加方法加以說明 。又有關車軸振動賦加裝置1 ◦之控制器，由於在以下所 說明之振動賦加方法中已十分明確，因此省略其單獨的構 成說明。 在上述之裝置中，第1至第3振動賦加裝置14, 15, 1 6乃分別進行位移控制。由於位移控制比荷重控 制相比，更能進行高速或是高加速的控制，因此更能將實 際行走路面負載之再現精度予以提升。 在此，在第1實施例之振動賦加裝置中，藉被銷結合 在反作用力治具2 5之連桿臂2 6 ,可拘束後側之車軸5 在前後方向的移動。如圖1所示，當令第1 ,第2振動賦 加機1 4，1 5作動時，連桿臂2 6之前端則會描繪圓弧 狀的軌跡，而會有對車體加諸未預期之前後方向之壓縮荷 重或是拉伸荷重的顧慮。為了消除該缺點，乃進行以下之 學習控制模式。為了要進行以下之學習控制模式，乃藉構 造極為簡單之反作用力治具來支撑，而能對第1至第3振 動賦加機1 4至1 6進行高速的位移控制。 亦即對在被組入在控制器1 2内之電腦1 2 — 1 ,發 出一如使荷重撿測裝置2 1之值經常成為零般地，而用於 控制第3振動賦加機1 6内之油壓缸的指令。接著根據來 自該電腦2 1 _ 1的指令，令第1 ,第2振動賦加機1 4 ,1 5作動，而使活塞桿1 4 a , 1 5 a之下端自最下點 本紙張尺度迺用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁) 裝· 訂· 經濟部中央標準局员工消費合作社印製 -15 - 20δ093 Α6 Β6__ 五、發明説明（14) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再項寫本頁) 以低速移至振動賦加中立點。（藉令第3振動賦加機1 6 追隨箸第1,第2振動賦加機14,15而作動，而以能 夠使荷重檢測裝置2 1的值經常保持零之速度來移動）。 又此時之第3振動賦加機1 6之活塞桿1 6 a的軌跡，貝IJ 經由A/D轉換器12—2輸入至電腦12_1之記億體 1 2 — 3。而圔2則是表示其記億圖。如此般令與第1 , 第2振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5之位移相關地輸入第3振動賦 —裝· 加機1 6的位移。其次將第3振動賦加機1 6切換成可沿 著上述圖而作動之位移控制模式，而令第1 ,第2振動賦 加機14，15作動。又各活塞桿14a, 15a之下端 ，則會到達振動賦加中立點為止。此時第3振動賦加機 1 6則進行沿著上述圖之動作，而該第3振動賦加機1 6 之活塞桿1 6 a即會到達振動賦加中立點為止。以下根後 述之輸入信號令各振動賦加機1 4 , 15, 1 6作動，藉 此將實際行走路面負載加諸至汽車1。此外在令上述振動 賦加機1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6停止時，第3振動賦加機1 6亦 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 進行沿箸上述圖之動作而停止。又上述圖傜對1値車輛經 過一次的學習而得來的，因此以後可根據該圖，即使是在 極困難解決的情形，亦能安定地上升或下降。 其次說明實際的振動賦加方法。汽車1在濃縮耐久路 徑測試時，最容易産生懸吊與地面發生摩擦的問題，而最 大負載則是在該發生摩擦的時候産生。而對於強度/耐久 性測試而言，是否能將實際行走時之最大負載予以忠實地 再現即是一重要的問題。但是在該種振動賦加糸統中大多 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -16 - 205093 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（15) 所採用的控制程式，皆是以線性近似轉移函數能夠成立為 前提，而對於如懸吊糸統與地面發生摩擦般之非線性特性 強烈現象的再現則變得不適合。而在此實際上之轉移函數 ，相對於産生非線性之圖3所示的轉移函數G而言，由於 像以線性轉移函數來近似（逼近），因此當以根據振動賦 加信號X a而與實際之轉移函數相切之圔3所示的轉移函 數G 1來近似時，則為了要得到目標值Y ,則不得不輸入 振動賦加信號X c。但是當輸入振動賦加信號X c時，則 利用轉移函數G而産生之目標信號，則會超過目標值Y , 若目標值Y為産生摩擦現象的值時，則測試車輛會産生破 損。而為了要解決該問題，最有效的方法，即是令其産生 與實際行走時同樣程度之摩擦現象，而測量此時的轉移函 數。亦即如圖3所示，為了要令目標值Y再現，則由具有 與實際行走時相同程度大小之信號X b所計測之圖3所示 的轉移函數G 2 ,必須具有較由振動賦加信號X a所計測 的轉移函數G 1為優越的近似度。而能夠滿足該條件之振 動賦加信號X b ,傺一可使輸出信號（以下輸出信號亦使 用符號Y)之傅立葉頻譜的絶對值的分佈，能夠在測試台 上再現的振動賦加信號，而該振動賦加信號X b以及由此 所計測之轉移函數G 2 ,則根據以下之順序來求得。（參 照圖4 ) 〇 首先將由白雜訊（whi te n〇i se) , 1 / f 2特性的雜 訊或是各種的實驗結果的事先決定之雜訊信號，當作振動 賦加信號X i n ( t )而對機車實施振動賦加，而計測來 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --裝- 訂· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公货） 17 - 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 205093 A6 __B6___ 五、發明説明（16) 自此時之轉換器的輸出信號Y O U t ( t )，在此由所計 測之輸出信號Y O U t ( t )與振動賦加信號 Xin (t),而求得作為兩者之傅立葉轉換比之暫時的 轉移函數Ga(f)。（步驟S1)。 為了要演算轉移函數Ga (f),若上述情況為單軸 時，則在求取伴隨第1振動賦加機1 4之振動而來的輸出 信號時，乃在位於後叉部6上之車軸5之上方位置安裝加 速度計C 1 ,而藉該加速度計C 1測定後叉部6之舉動。 在此加速度計C 1及下述之加速度計C 2 ,應變計C 3， 乃將相當於上述轉換器之該測定值，以作為振動賦加機 1 4之輸入信號的上述雜訊信號來除而求取轉移函數 G a ( f )。又對第2振動賦加機1 5或是第3振動賦加 機1 6 ,同樣地在位於前側之車軸2之上方位置設置加速 度計C 2 ,而在前懸吊構件3之底橋部（bottom bridge )下側的内側管貼設有應變計。藉將該些測定值以振動賦 加信號來除，則可演算求得轉移函數G a ( f )。 接著步驟S 1，乃演算轉移函數G a ( f )之逆函數 Ga-2 (f),而將逆函數Ga — (f)乘上安全係數 (0 < K ^ 1 )，而求得轉移函數Ha (f)。（步驟 S2)。在此乘上安全傺數K,傺為了不致於因過大的振 動賦加信號而對測試車輛加諸過大的負荷，而將初始值設 成較小使然。 接著步驟S 2,則對在車輛於測試跑道（test truc-k)上行走時事先設在後叉部6等之加速度計或是應變計 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再項寫本頁) 丨裝· 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公货） -18 - 205093 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（17) 的輸出，亦即加速度或是應變的實際行走資料Y (t)( 最好是幾乎即將發生懸吊糸統與地面産生摩擦之前的輸出 信號值）予以傅立葉轉換，而自時間領域（doma i η)轉換 成頻率領域。（步驟S 3 )。又傅立葉轉換結果像以 Y (f)來表示。接箸步驟S3,在轉移函數Ha (f) 乘上輸出信號Y ( f ),而得到振動賦加信號χ ( 〇 )( f )(步驟S4)。其次對X(〇) (f)進行傅立葉逆 轉換，而自頻率領域轉換成時間領域X ( 0 ) ( t ),遂 得到振動賦加信號X ( 0 ) ( t )。（步驟S 5 )，且將 在步驟S 5中所得到之振動賦加信號X (◦ ) ( f )當作 初始值使用。 接箸步驟S 5 ,將以振動賦加信號X ( 〇 ) ( t )當 作初始值之振動賦加信號X ( n ) ( t )供給至振動賦力π 機而實施賦加振動處理，而測定來自上述加速度計或是應 變計（在圖4中乃記成轉換器）的輸出，亦即輸出信號 Y ( n ) ( t )且將其加以讀取（步驟S 6 )。接箸步驟 S 6 ,乃對振動賦加信號Y ( n ) ( t )實施傅立葉轉換 ，且將所讀入之輸出信號Y ( n ) ( t )進行傅立葉轉換 ，而得到各自之傅立葉轉換的結果X ( n ) ( f ), Y ( η ) ( f )(步驟S 7 )。其次則演算丨Υ ( f ) I -I Y ( η ) (f)l,而得到誤差 Ε(η) ( f )(步 驟S 8 )。因此在步驟S 8中，可檢測出在實際行走時之 輸出信號的絶對值丨Y ( f )丨之分佈與演算輸出信號之 絶對值IY (n) ( f )丨之分佈等兩者的偏差。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _裝· 訂· Λ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -19 - A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（ 接著步驟S 8，則撿査誤差E ( n ) ( f )是否位於 事先所設定之容許誤差士ε的範圍内（步驟S9)。亦即 判定傅立葉頻譜之絶對值的分佈丨Y ( η ) ( ί ) I胃否 與實際行走之傅立葉頻譜之絶對值丨Y (f) I近似。當 在步驟S9中判別出誤差E (n) (f)在容許誤差 以上時，則接著步驟S 9 ,演算〔丨X ( n ) ( f ) I + E ( η ) ( f ) ♦ I H a ( f ) |〕，而將傅立葉頻譜的 相位角ZX(〇) (f)設成X(n+1) ( f )(步驟 S 1 0 )。在此Z傺表傅立葉頻譜的相位角。因此在步驟 S 7中所得到之振動賦加信號X ( n ) ( f )之傅立葉頻 譜之振幅的絶對值丨X ( n ) ( f )丨，則在步驟S 1 Ο 中，以誤差En (f)與轉移函數H (f)之絶對值的積 加以修正，而修正振動賦加信號X ( n ) ( f )之傅立葉 頻譜之振幅的絶對值，以便使丨Y ( f ) I - I Y ( η ) (f )丨接近於±6之範圍，或是進入其範圍内。更者傅 立葉頻譜之相位差即被固定在初始值的狀態。若將該狀態 加以模式化地表示時，則會如圖5所示。 接著步驟S 1 0 ,對X ( η + 1 ) ( f )進行傅立葉 轉換而回復到時間領域而得到X ( η + 1 ) ( t )(步驟 S 1 1 ),而將以予以增數，亦即+ 1 (步驟S 1 2 ), 接著則自步驟S 6反復進行直到誤差E ( n ) ( f )進入 土 ε之範圍内為止。此時由於是使用對在實際行走時所測 定之輸出信號進行傅立葉轉換而得之信號，因此 IY(f)丨一lY(n) (f)丨不會發散，而必定會 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） ·~ -20 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再項寫本頁) i裝· 訂. 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 205093 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（19) 收斂在未滿土ε之範圍内。更者在輸出信號y (t)使用 懸吊構件即將發生與地面摩擦之前的信號，且對該信號進 行傅立葉轉換之信號時，則丨Y ( f ) I - I Y ( n )( f)丨要收劍未滿土ε之範圍内所需要的時間可被縮短。 在步驟S 9之檢査結果，當判.定E n (f)進入土 e 之範圍内時，則接著步驟S9,以傅立葉頻譜之絶對值之 分布與丨X ( n ) ( f )丨相等之雜訊群來測定輸出信號 Y ( n ) ( f )，而由該測定結果來演算轉移函數，且將 演算轉移函數予以相加平均而算出轉移函數G a r ( f ) (步驟S 1 3 )。 亦即當E ( n ) ( f )在容許範圍之外時，則自在上 述雜訊信號之絶對值丨X ( n ) ( f )丨加上上述值 Ha (f)之絶對值與誤差E (f)之積，而得到丨X ( η + 1 ) ( f ) I = I X (η) ( f ) + E η ( f ) ♦ I H a ( f ) I,而在此相位角ZX(n+l) ( f )= ZX(n+l) (f),且對E(n+1) (f)進行傅 立葉逆轉換，而求得已決定好傅立葉頻譜絶對值之分布的 新的雜訊信號，且將該雜訊信號當作振動賦加信號a而設 成X ( η + 1 ) ( t ),之後再使用該振動賦加信號 X ( η + 1 ) ( t )再度對車輛實施賦加振動處理，而進 行上述之反復修正動作。而該反復修正動作則持續進行， 直到近似程度到達所定之範圍為止。此外當藉振動賦加機 實施賦加振動時，若來自加速度計或是應變計之輸出信號 之傅立葉頻譜絶對值的分佈丨丫 （ n ) ( f )丨，相對於 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公坌） ~ 21 ~ (請先閲面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —裝· 訂·Gb 〃 (f) multiplied by the product of the absolute value of the signal of the safety factor κ (〇 < KS1) and the like, plus the absolute value of the signal Fourier transformed the vibration-applied signal, and Fourier transformed the signal The signal is carried out. Another object of the present invention is in the control method of the vibration application device of the patent application item 9, the signal Y (t) is about to occur before the actual suspension of the ground friction during actual walking signal of. -装-In accordance with the other object of the present invention, in the vibration applying device control method of the patent application item 9, the pre-determined noise is white noise (wlite noise) 0 If the patent application item 9 The control method of the vibration-applying device, the noise determined in advance is within the frequency range of the transfer function to be calculated, and the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum is inversely proportional to the noise of the second power of the frequency. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a vibration applying device, which is mainly a three-dimensional vibration applying device. Features include: a vibrating table on which an object is placed; and supplying an ID to the vibrating table A horizontal X-axis vibration feeder and «Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs f are arranged at the positions of the vertices of the triangle, and the vibration table vibrates 3 vertical Z-axis vibrations Adding machine and; Converters arranged near the contact position of the vibrator with respect to the shaking table and; The noise from the pre-determined noise and the paper standard when applying the noise to the vibration adding paper apply the Chinese national standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -10-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (9) When vibration is applied to the device, the output from the converter group installed on the vibration table is used to obtain the transfer The function matrix, and using the inverse matrix of the transfer function matrix, sends out a control unit that can give a signal that generates a desired vibration application state. Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The preferred embodiment of the present invention should be easy to understand. A brief description of the imaginary surface: Fig. 1 Side view of the vibration applying device according to the first embodiment of the present invention 0 Fig. 2 is used as a table for the displacement control of the third vibration applying machine in the first embodiment of the present invention Control chart. Figure 3 shows the characteristics of actual transfer function and approximate transfer function. FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a pseudo-table vibration adding control method of the present invention. Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the amplitude of the Fourier spectrum when using the method of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a flow chart when the vibration applying signal X (t) is obtained using the transfer function obtained by the method of the present invention. Figure I 7 The relationship between the transfer function and the input and output signals in the multi-axis system. Figure 8 shows the relationship between the inverse matrix of the transfer function and the input and output signals in a multi-axis system. Figure 9 Side view of the vibration applying device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 public issue) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 丨 Installation · Order · Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -π-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (10) 圔 10 Vulgar Table The vibration of the rear of the car body in the third embodiment of the invention A perspective view of the structure of the addition. Fig. 11 is a plan view of the structure of the vibration applying portion at the rear of the vehicle body in the third embodiment of the present invention. Table 12 shows a detailed view around the rear axle in the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of the connecting rod of the link arm and the lateral rod in the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a side view showing the structure of the vibration applying portion at the front of the vehicle body in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a side view of a vibration applying device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a side view of the passenger load applying portion placed on the seat in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a plan view showing a passenger load applying portion placed on a seat in a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 16. Fig. 19 shows another embodiment of the connecting structure of the weighing mounted on the seat and the parallel link arm for supporting it in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the length adjustment mechanism of the parallel link arm in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 21 is a perspective view of a vibrating table of a three-dimensional vibration applying device in a sixth embodiment of the present invention. This paper scale is applicable to China National Wood Standard (CNS) Grade A (210 X 29 * 7 public goods) -----------: ------------- installed- ----- Subscribe ------ ^ 丨 (Please read 1? ^ Notes before writing this page) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 3 Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives-12-Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy Employee Consumer Cooperative Printed 3 Clothes-205093 A6 __B6 V. Description of the Invention (11) FIG. 22 is a side view of the vibrating table of the three-dimensional vibration applying device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 23 is a plan view of a vibrating table of the three-dimensional vibration applying device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24 is an explanatory diagram of the control unit of the three-dimensional vibration applying device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the control part of the three-dimensional vibration applying device in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 26 is a flowchart showing the use of a transfer function to obtain a vibration application signal in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sixth embodiment of the present invention, which is a schematic diagram for obtaining a vibration application signal of a vibration applying device of a three-dimensional element with respect to a vibration table by a transfer function matrix. The first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a side view of the vibration applying device of the present invention, and the table is applicable to the simulation of the load of a car. In the figure, the table 1 is the car to be subjected to the vibration application, and the vehicles before and after the vehicle are removed in advance. 2Ye table is supported on the front axle of the locomotive body frame (not shown) in a free-rotation state, and the axle 2 is supported on a telescopic type suspension member 3.5. Axle, and the axle 5 is installed on the fork (fork) part 6, and the fork part is supported in a free swinging manner on the rear buffer part (not shown) formed by combining with the continuous maintenance mechanism . Another 10 Yiyi directly implements the axle vibration applying device which applies vibration to the axles 2.5 before and after the aforementioned automobile 1. The axle vibration adding device (please read the precautions on the back before writing this page). Installed. The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -13-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (12) 1 ◦It consists of a mechanical part 11 that actually applies vibration to the axle and a controller 12 for controlling the mechanical part 11. The mechanical part 11 of the axle vibration applying device 10 is composed of the following: the first vibration applying machine 1 4 that applies vibration to the locomotive and the rear axle 5 in the up and down direction, and the vertical direction applies to the front axle 2 The second vibration applying machine 15 that applies vibration and the third vibration applying machine 16 that applies vibration to the front axle 2 and the front and rear directions are formed. As for these vibration adding machines 1 4, 15 and 16, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder which can give two forces of stretching and compression can be used. One ends of the connecting rods 1 7 and 1 7 are respectively pinned (pi η) to the front ends of the piston rods 1 4 a and 1 5 a of the vibration imparting machines 1 4 and 15, and the front ends of the connecting rods 1 7 and 17 They are pinned to axles 2, 5 respectively. One end 18b of the swing plate 18 is pin-joined to the front end of the piston rod 16a of the third vibration applying machine 16. The swing plate 18 is formed in a triangular shape when viewed from the side, and its central base end portion 18 a is supported on the upper portion of the support body 19 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction. In addition, the other end of the swing plate 18 is pin-coupled to one end of a vibration-applying rod 2 ◦ extending in a slightly horizontal direction, and the other end of the vibration-applying rod 2 ◦ is pin-coupled to the aforementioned front axle 2. That is, the piston rod 16 a of the third vibration applying machine 16 is freely retractable in the up-and-down direction. Through the swing plate 18 and the vibration applying rod 20, the axle 2 on the front side of the locomotive can be moved forward and backward. The direction is given vibration. In addition, a load detection device 21 is provided on the vibration applying bar 20. Another 2 5 傜 is used to limit the reaction force of the rigid body of the locomotive's body in the front-rear direction. And for the above locomotives (please read the precautions on the back and then f this page) i Packed-Order this paper printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards and Economics of the Ministry of Economy and General Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 public goods) -14 A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (13) The rear axle 5 is connected to the reaction force fixture 2 5 via the connecting arm 26. Secondly, the vibration of the device using the above structure is applied Method to illustrate. In addition, the controller of the axle vibration applying device 1 is already very clear in the vibration applying method described below, so its separate configuration description is omitted. In the above-mentioned device, the first to third vibration applying devices 14, 15, 16 respectively perform displacement control. Since displacement control is more capable of high-speed or high-acceleration control than load control, it can improve the reproduction accuracy of actual walking road loads. Here, in the vibration applying device of the first embodiment, the link arm 26 which is coupled to the reaction force fixture 25 by the pin can restrain the movement of the rear axle 5 in the front-rear direction. As shown in Fig. 1, when the first and second vibration imparting machines 14 and 15 are actuated, the front end of the link arm 26 will draw a circular arc-shaped trajectory, and there will be unexpected effects on the car body. Concerns about compression load or tensile load in the front and back directions. In order to eliminate this shortcoming, the following learning control mode is carried out. In order to carry out the following learning control mode, it is supported by constructing a very simple reaction force jig, and high-speed displacement control can be performed on the first to third vibration adding machines 14 to 16. That is, the computer 1 2-1 incorporated in the controller 12 is issued as if the value of the load detection device 21 is always zero, and is used to control the third vibration applying machine 16 The instructions within the hydraulic cylinder. Then, according to the instructions from the computer 2 1 _1, the first and second vibration imparting machines 1 4, 1 5 are actuated, and the lower end of the piston rod 1 4 a, 1 5 a is from the lowest point to the paper size. Use China National Standards (CNS) Grade 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling the nest page) Pack · Book · Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy -15-20δ093 Α6 Β6__ V. Description of the invention (14) (Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page) Move to the neutral point of vibration application at a low speed. (By ordering the third vibration applying machine 16 to follow the first and second vibration applying machines 14, 15 and moving at such a speed that the value of the load detection device 21 can always be kept at zero). At this time, the trajectory of the piston rod 16 a of the third vibration imparting machine 16 is input to the computer 12_1's 1 billion body through the A / D converter 12-2. And 圔 2 is to show its 100 million map. In this way, let the displacement of the third vibration device-the installation machine 16 be input in relation to the displacements of the first and second vibration adding machines 1 4 and 15. Next, the third vibration applying machine 16 is switched to a displacement control mode that can be operated along the above-mentioned figure, and the first and second vibration applying machines 14, 15 are operated. And the lower end of each piston rod 14a, 15a will reach the neutral point of vibration application. At this time, the third vibration applying machine 16 performs the operation along the above-mentioned figure, and the piston rod 16 a of the third vibration applying machine 16 will reach the vibration applying neutral point. The following input signal, which will be described later, activates the vibration applicators 1 4, 15, 16, thereby adding the actual walking road load to the car 1. In addition, when the above-mentioned vibration dispensers 14, 15, and 16 were stopped, the third vibration dispenser 16 was also printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy. In addition, the above figure is obtained after one-time study on one-value vehicles. Therefore, it can be raised or lowered steadily even in extremely difficult situations based on the figure. Next, the actual vibration adding method will be described. Car 1 is most likely to cause the problem of friction between the suspension and the ground during the concentrated and durable path test, and the maximum load is generated when the friction occurs. For strength / durability testing, it is an important question whether the maximum load during actual walking can be faithfully reproduced. However, most of the paper standards in this kind of vibration-applied system conform to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -16-205093 A6 B6 Printed by the Employees Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Inventions Explanation (15) The control programs used are based on the premise that the linear approximate transfer function can be established, and it is not suitable for the reproduction of strong nonlinear characteristics such as friction between the suspension system and the ground. The actual transfer function here is relative to the transfer function G shown in FIG. 3, which produces nonlinearity. Since the image is approximated (approximated) by a linear transfer function, the signal X a When the transfer function G 1 shown by the actual transfer function tangent 3 is approximated, in order to obtain the target value Y, the vibration addition signal X c has to be input. However, when the vibration application signal X c is input, the target signal generated by the transfer function G will exceed the target value Y, and if the target value Y is a value that produces a friction phenomenon, the test vehicle will be damaged. In order to solve this problem, the most effective method is to make it produce the same degree of friction as when actually walking, and measure the transfer function at this time. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, in order to reproduce the target value Y, the transfer function G 2 shown in FIG. 3 measured by the signal X b having the same degree of magnitude as in actual walking must have a more The transfer function G 1 measured by the signal X a is a superior approximation. The vibration-applying signal X b that satisfies this condition can make the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of the output signal (the following output signal also uses the symbol Y), the vibration-applying signal reproduced on the test bench, and The vibration-applied signal X b and the transfer function G 2 measured thereby are obtained in the following order. (Refer to Fig. 4) ○ First, the noise signal with white noise (whi te n〇i se), 1 / f 2 characteristic or various experimental results determined in advance is regarded as the vibration imparting signal X in (t) The vibration is applied to the locomotive, and the measurement comes (please read the precautions on the back and then fill out this page) --installation- order · This paper standard is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 Public goods) 17-Printed 205093 A6 __B6___ by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Negative Work Consumer Cooperative V. Description of the invention (16) The output signal YOU t (t) of the converter from this time, here is the measured output signal YOU t (t) and the vibration-applied signal Xin (t), and the temporary transfer function Ga (f) which is the Fourier conversion ratio of the two is obtained. (Step S1). In order to calculate the transfer function Ga (f), if the above case is a single axis, when the output signal accompanying the vibration of the first vibration applicator 14 is obtained, it is the axle located on the rear fork 6 The accelerometer C 1 is installed above the position 5, and the behavior of the rear fork portion 6 is measured by the accelerometer C 1. Here, the accelerometer C 1 and the following accelerometer C 2 and strain gauge C 3 divide the measured value corresponding to the above-mentioned converter by the noise signal as the input signal of the vibration imparter 14 Instead, the transfer function Ga (f) is obtained. For the second vibration applying machine 15 or the third vibration applying machine 16, the accelerometer C 2 is also provided above the axle 2 located on the front side, and the bottom bridge part of the front suspension member 3 ( bottom bridge) A strain gauge is attached to the inner tube on the lower side. By dividing these measured values by the vibration-applied signal, the transfer function Ga (f) can be calculated. Next in step S1, the inverse function Ga-2 (f) of the transfer function Ga (f) is calculated, and the inverse function Ga — (f) is multiplied by the safety factor (0 < K ^ 1) to obtain the transfer The function Ha (f). (Step S2). Multiplying this by the safety y number K, ye set the initial value to a smaller value so as not to place an excessive load on the test vehicle due to the excessive vibration applied signal. Next to step S2, the accelerometer or strain gauge that was previously set in the rear fork 6 etc. when the vehicle is walking on the test truc-k (please read the precautions on the back and write this page)丨 Installation and ordering. This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public goods) -18-205093 A6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The output of the invention description (17) , That is, the actual walking data of acceleration or strain Y (t) (preferably the output signal value before the friction between the suspension system and the ground is about to occur) is Fourier transformed, and converted from the time domain (doma i η) Into the frequency domain. (Step S3). And the Fourier transform result is expressed as Y (f). Following the step S3, the transfer function Ha (f) is multiplied by the output signal Y (f) to obtain the vibration-applied signal χ (〇) (f) (step S4). Secondly, inverse Fourier transform is performed on X (〇) (f), and the frequency domain is converted into the time domain X (0) (t), and then the vibration-applied signal X (0) (t) is obtained. (Step S 5), and the vibration application signal X (◦) (f) obtained in Step S 5 is used as the initial value. Then, in step S5, the vibration applying signal X (n) (t) with the vibration applying signal X (〇) (t) as the initial value is supplied to the vibration applying force π machine to implement the applying vibration process, and The output from the aforementioned accelerometer or strain gauge (referred to as a converter in FIG. 4), that is, the output signal Y (n) (t), is measured and read (step S6). Then, in step S 6, the Fourier transform is performed on the vibration-applied signal Y (n) (t), and the read output signal Y (n) (t) is Fourier transformed, and the results of the respective Fourier transforms are obtained. X (n) (f), Y (η) (f) (step S 7). Secondly, the calculation is carried out 丨 Υ (f) I -I Y (η) (f) l, and the error Ε (η) (f) is obtained (step S 8). Therefore, in step S8, the deviation between the distribution of the absolute value of the output signal during actual walking 丨 Y (f) 丨 and the distribution of the absolute value of the calculated output signal IY (n) (f) 丨, etc. can be detected . (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) _Fitness, ordering, Λ This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -19-A6 B6 205093 V. Description of invention ( Following step S8, it is checked whether the error E (n) (f) is within the range of the allowable error ε set in advance (step S9). That is, the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum is determined 丨 Y (η) ( ί) I stomach is similar to the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of actual walking Y (f) I. When it is determined in step S9 that the error E (n) (f) is above the allowable error, then step S 9 is followed to calculate [丨 X (n) (f) I + E (η) (f) IH a (f) |], and set the phase angle of the Fourier spectrum ZX (〇) (f) to X (n + 1) ( f) (step S 1 0). Here, Z ye represents the phase angle of the Fourier spectrum. Therefore, the absolute value of the amplitude of the Fourier spectrum of the vibration-added signal X (n) (f) obtained in step S 7 丨 X (n) (f) 丨, in step S 1 Ο, it is corrected by the product of the error En (f) and the absolute value of the transfer function H (f), and the corrected vibration applying signal X (n) (f) Fu Li The absolute value of the amplitude of the spectrum, so that 丨 Y (f) I-IY (η) (f) 丨 is close to the range of ± 6, or enters its range. Furthermore, the phase difference of the Fourier spectrum is fixed at the initial The state of the value. If the state is represented by a model, it will be as shown in Figure 5. Then in step S 1 0, X (η + 1) (f) is Fourier transformed to return to the time domain to obtain X (η + 1) (t) (step S 1 1), and will be incremented, that is + 1 (step S 1 2), and then repeat from step S 6 until the error E (n) (f) Enter into the range of soil ε. At this time, the signal obtained by Fourier transforming the output signal measured during actual walking is used, so IY (f) 丨 1Y (n) (f) 丨 will not diverge, And this paper standard will be applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) · ~ -20-(please read the precautions on the back before writing this page) i install · order. Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Bureau of Standards, Consumer Labor Cooperatives 205093 A6 B6 Printed by the Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (19) Convergence Within the range of not full soil ε. Furthermore, when the output signal y (t) uses the signal immediately before the suspension member rubs against the ground, and the signal is Fourier transformed, then Y (f) I-IY (n) (f) 丨 The time required to collect the sword within the range of ε can be shortened. In the inspection result of step S9, when it is judged that E n (f) enters the range of soil e, then step S9 is followed, and the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum is equal to 丨 X (n) (f) 丨The noise group measures the output signal Y (n) (f), and the transfer function is calculated from the measurement result, and the calculation transfer function is added and averaged to calculate the transfer function Gar (f) (step S 1 3). That is, when E (n) (f) is outside the allowable range, then the absolute value of the noise signal above X (n) (f) 丨 plus the absolute value of the above value Ha (f) and the error E ( f), and get 丨 X (η + 1) (f) I = IX (η) (f) + E η (f) IH a (f) I, and at this phase angle ZX (n + l ) (f) = ZX (n + l) (f), and inverse Fourier transform E (n + 1) (f) to obtain a new noise signal that has determined the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum, And set the noise signal as the vibration application signal a and set it to X (η + 1) (t), and then use the vibration application signal X (η + 1) (t) to apply vibration to the vehicle again Processing, and repeat the above-mentioned correction operation. The repeated correction operation is continued until the degree of approximation reaches the specified range. In addition, when the vibration is applied by the vibration adding machine, if the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of the output signal from the accelerometer or strain gauge is 丨 (n) (f), the Chinese national standard is applicable to this paper scale (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 gong) ~ 21 ~ (please read the precautions before filling in this page) —install · order ·

A 2〇δ〇δ3 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 Α6 Β6 五、發明説明（20) 實際行走時之傅立葉頻譜絶對值的分佈丨Y ( f )丨收斂 在所定範圍内時，則決定在此時刻下之轉移函數測定用雜 訊之傅立葉頻譜絶對值的分佈情況。又藉該轉移函數測定 用雜訊群實施多次的振動賦加處理而測定轉移函數G b , 且以該轉移函數為基礎，而進行反復修正計算以便使賁際 行走資料能夠於測試台上再現。 又當藉振動賦加機實施賦加振動時，若來自加速度計 或是應變計之輸出信號之傅立葉頻譜之絶對值分佈，相對 於實際行走時之馬力頻譜密度分佈收斂在所定範圍内時， 則可決定與轉移函數測定用雜試之各頻率對應的位準，而 藉該轉移函數測定用雜訊群進行多次的振動賦加處理而演 算轉移函數Gar。 在上述中，有關傅立葉頻譜的相位，雖是將 Z X ( n ) (f)固定設成ZX(〇) (f)而演算振動 賦加信號，但是接著步驟S 1 3 ,乃如習知般，藉亂數産 生常次，而産生傅立葉頻譜之相位角Z X ( n ) ( f ), 相對於所希望之頻率範圍之各頻率不規則地分佈在一 ττ〜 7Γ之範圍所成的相位群，利用該所得到之雜訊群，藉實施 測試振動賦加處理，可求得包括相位之轉移函數G a r ( f )。利用該所得到之轉移函數，如圖6所示之流程圖般 ，乃演算轉移函數Gar (f)之逆函數Gar (f), 且將由賦加振動所要得到之轉移函數Y ( t )進行傅立葉 轉換，而將傅立葉轉換結果之輸出信號Y ( f )與轉移函 數G a r ( f )相乘而求得振動賦加信號X ( c ) ( f ) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公货） -22 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) --裝_ 訂· A6 B6 2050B3 五、發明説明（21) (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) ，對該經傅立葉轉換而得之振動賦加信號X〇 (f)進行 傅立葉轉換，而得到振動賦加信號之初始值X ( 〇 ) ( t )(步驟 S22 〜S25)。 接著藉反復修正來進行修正計算。亦即接著讀入以振 動賦加信號X ( 0 ) ( t )為初始值之信號X ( n ) ( t )而實施賦加振動結果之轉換器輸出信號Υ (η) ( t ) ，利用振動賦加信號X ( η ) ( t )以及所讀入之輸出信 號Y ( n ) ( t )的傅立葉信號X ( n ) ( f ), Y ( η ) (f)，而演算誤差 Ε (η) ( f ) C = Y ( f i裝- )—Y(f)〕（步驟S26-S28),而藉用於縮小 與測試振動賦加處理之誤差的〔X ( η ) ( f ) + Ε ( η )(f ) · G b r ( f )〕來反復進行修正演算直到誤差 E ( n ) (f)之絶對值進入事先所決定之容許誤差^的 範圍内為止（步驟S26〜S32)，而求取當誤差尽（ n) (f)進入容許誤差ε之範圍内時之振動賦加信號 X ( n ) ( t ),藉以該振動賦加信號值實施賦加振動， 而將目檫值之負載供給至測試車輛。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印装 在上述之振動賦加控制中，令産生與實際行走時相同 程度之bottoming現象，而求取在該時刻下之轉移函數 ,並以此為基礎反復地進行修正計算，因此即使是在如汽 車之懸吊糸統為非線性的響應条統下，亦能實施接近於實 際行走路面負載之振動賦加情況。 以上之控制為了説明簡便起見，乃以單軸為例加以說 明，然而在實際上之振動賦加情況，係如圖1所示，藉第 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -23 - 205093 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（22) 1至第3振動賦加機14,15,16進行3軸方向的振 動賦加處理。又在多軸振動賦加条統中，必須要估計頻率 (channel)間之串擾（crosstolk)因素。 例如在3軸的情況下，除了對各軸求取轉移函數 Gar ( f )外，由於存在各軸G a r彼此間的串擾，因 此亦與上述同樣地就該串擾部分求取轉移函數G a r ( f )。若此時之轉移函數Gar (f)之要素以G m η來表 示時，則符號（suffix) m表振動賦加機的號碼，η表轉 換器的號碼。其結果若以矩陣來表示時，則在3軸的情況 下，單獨地令第1振動賦加機1 4作數次的測試振動賦加 處理，藉測定各轉換器設在（後叉部6及懸吊構件3上之 加速度計，或是貼設在懸吊構件3之應變計）的輸出而求 得轉移函數Gil, G12, G13。接著對第2,第3 振動賦加機1 5，1 6進行同樣的處理，而相對於振動賦 加信號X ( f )之目標信號丫 （ f ),則如圖7所示可得 到3 X 3的轉移函數矩陣。亦即如該式所示，例如轉換器 1 (設在後叉部6上之加速度計）的輸出γ 1成為： Y1=G1 1X1+G21XG31X3 而相對於輸出信號Y ( f )之振動賦加X ( f ),則成為 圖8所示。在此〔G〕- Μ系表逆矩陣，圖8係對於3軸条 統的基本形式，根據試式可得到振動賦加信號，而對實際 行走情況進行模擬。 本紙張尺度適用中0國家標準（CNS〉甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -24 - -裝------#------4 (請先面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一 A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明（23) 利用對上述所求得之轉移函數G a r ( f )進行傅立 葉逆轉換而得到之轉移函數G a r ( f )，而進行對應於 各種行走模式之振動賦加測試。 在以上之振動賦加控制中，令産生與實際行走時相同 程度的bottoming ,而利用此時之輸出信號Y (t)求 取轉移函數，且以此為基礎反復地進行修正處理，因此即 使是在如汽車之前叉部般的非線性響應糸統下，可進行接 近於實際行走路面負載之振動賦加處理。 又在上述之實施例中，雖是以對機車實施振動賦加處 理的情況為例而加以説明，然而其振動賦加對象並不限於 機車，其亦可為三輪或是四輪的車輛，又當然亦可不限於 車輛，其亦可應用到各種的振動賦加裝置。 如以上所述，在強制性地實施賦加振動時所使用之轉 移函數的演算處理中，由於係以利用實際行走時所測定之 轉換器之輸出所演算得到之測試信號作為初始值，因此在 轉移函數之演算處理中的信號〔丨Y ( f )丨一丨Y ( η )(f )丨不會發散，而必定會收斂。 又在利用在逆函數Gb — (f)乘上安全俗數之信號 而求取轉移函數G a r ( f )時，可將振動賦加信號X ( 0 ) ( t )減小，而不致於對測試車輛加諸過大的負載。 又在轉移函數之演算處理中，為了要利用在實際行走 時即將發生bottoming現象情況下之轉換器的輸出進行 演算，因此必須使在轉移函數之演算處理中的〔 1 Y ( f ) I - [ Y ( n ) ( f )丨的收斂更快。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>甲4规格（210 X 297公釐〉 一 25 _ (請先閲面之注意事項再本頁) i裝- 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（2今 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 又在上述之第1實施例中，雖是藉擺動板1 8將第3 振動賦加機1 0連接至振動賦加棒2 0，而使軸線朝著上 下方向而配置，然亦可癡除擺動板18,而將第3振動賦 加機之軸線朝水平方向配置，而直接地連接至振動賦加棒 2 0 〇 又在上述之第1實施例中，雖是藉第1至第3振動賦 加機1 4至1 6直接前後之車軸2 . 5實施振動賦加處理 ，然亦可藉由車輪或輪穀（hub)等具有某一程度剛性的 構件，對車軸2 . 5賦加振動。 又在上述之第1實施例中，雖係藉反作用力治具有反 持後側之車軸5 ,而藉第3振動賦加機對前側之車軸2於 前後方向賦加振動，然亦可與上述相反地支持前側之車軸 ，而對後側之車軸於前後方向賦加振動。 如上所述根據第1實施例，由於係一不經由車輪而直 接對車軸賦加振動的構造，因此在輪胎中所含之空氣自輪 胎被傳達到車軸之期間，輪胎内之空氣不會受到振動賦加 裝置誤差要素的影鎏，而能夠忠實地將實際行走路面負載 再現。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 又由於具備一在對車軸賦加振動時，可對前後之車軸 2 . 5中之其中一者，於前後方向賦加振動的第3振動賦 加機1 6 ,因此對於僅於上下方向賦加振動者很難得到該 效果，而能夠將機車之懸吊構件3周圍的負載（特別是前 後方向的拉伸或是壓縮負載），與實際行走時同樣地忠實 地予以再現。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公货） -26 ~ A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明) 更者由於隨著第1及第2振動賦加機14,15之作 動而控制第3振動賦加機1 6的作動，藉此使加諸在作為 第3振動賦加機16之一構成構件之振動賦加棒的重能成 為一定，因此對於前後方向之車軸限制部，因連桿機構， 而在第1及第2振動賦加機14,15於上下方向賦加振 動時所産生之不必要之前後方向的壓縮荷重得以被抵消補 償。其結果若將為了使加諸在振動賦加棒2 0之荷重成為 —定而第3振動賦加機伴隨第1及第2振動賦加機1 4 , 15之作動而來的作動事先以圖（map)之形式加以記億 時，藉根據此令第3振動賦加機作動，可使第1至第3振 動賦加機14,15,16不至於在前後方向産生過大的 荷重，而得以進行位移控制。由於位移控制遠比荷重控制 更能進行高速控制，因此更能將實際行走路面負載忠實地 再現。 其以請參照圖9來説明本發明之第2實施例。 在該第3實施例之振動賦加裝置所要賦加振動的對象 ，則與上述第1實施例同樣地為機車1,而在本第2實施 例中，為了要避免重複，與第1實施例相同之構成部分則 省略其説明。 在第2實施例中，擺動板1 8之一端1 8 b乃經由連 桿1 6 a a被銷結合在第3振動賦加機1 6之活塞桿 1 6 a的前端。而該擺動板1 8由側面來看乃形成三角形 ，而其中央基端部則呈自由回動狀地被支持在支持體1 9 的上部。此外該擺動板1 8之另一端1 8 c ,則被銷結合 本紙織適用中菌國家標準⑽s〉w1〇X2⑽)~~— ------------------~------裝------tr------^ (請先H§面之注意Ϋ项再f本頁) 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 20⑽娜3 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局KK工消费合作社印Ϊ衣 五、發明説明fee ) 在沿著略水平方向延伸之振動賦加棒2 〇的一端，該振動 賦加棒2 0之另一端則被銷結合到上述前側之車軸2。 亦即藉第3振動賦加機1 6之活塞捍1 6 a於上下方 向進行伸縮作動，經由擺動板1 8 a以及振動賦加棒2 0 ，機車1之前側之車軸2可於前後方向被賦加振動。又在 上述振動賦加棒2 0則安裝有荷重檢測裝置2 1。該荷重 檢測裝置2 1為了要避免賦加振動時的振動，儘可能地被 安裝在遠離車體之一側（擺動板1 8側）。 在上述所構成之第2實施例中，乃形成圔2所示之圖 ，令第3振動賦加機1 6根據該圖而作動而進行上升以及 下降動作。又第2實施例之振動賦加方法亦與上述第1實 施例之情形相同。 以下請參照圖1 0至圖1 3來說明本發明之第3實施 例之要部構造。 在第3實施例中，於後側之車軸5的外周，在自車體 框體延伸之左右的後叉部6 , 6的内側部分分別說有間隔 構件34,且在該車軸5之大略中央部分存在有振動賦加 點P 〇 亦卽如圖1 0及圖1 1所示，間隔構件3 4傜由螺栓 構件3 5以及與此螺合之螺帽構件3 6所構成，藉該些構 件彼此間之相對旋轉，可調整該間隔構件3 4本身的長度 。藉此可將上述振動賦加點P調整成位於車軸5之大略中 央部分。又在左右之間隔構件3 4之間則嵌裝有連結構件 1 7，而在該連結構件3 7之中央則經由連結構件3 9呈 (請先閲讀背面之注意事项再f本頁) •丨裝- 訂· ^ 本紙張尺度適用中囲B家標準（CNS>甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 28 一 205093 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明) 球面支持狀地支持有自第1振動賦加機1 4而延伸之連結 棒3 8的前端。又符號4 0傜表自後叉部6 , 6之外側而 被螺合在車軸5之端部的固定用螺帽。 又在第3實施例中，後側之車軸5係被支持成可經由 連桿機構41藉反作用力治具25來限制前後方向之移動 的狀態。而該點則與上述第2實施例相同。而在第3實施 例中上述連桿機構4 1傺由具有適當間隔而被平行配置之 左右的連桿臂26, 26以及用於令該些連桿臂26， 2 6互相地連結之横向桿（cross member) 4 3, 4 3所 構成。亦即藉經由連結構件4 4將該些連桿臂2 6與橫向 捍4 3互相地連結，可提高連桿機構4 1之整體的剛性。 又連桿臂2 6之前端，則經由連結構件3 9 ,於上述車軸 5之外同被安裝在後叉部6 , 6的内側部分。 用於連結連桿臂2 6與橫向桿4 3之連結構件4 4 , 乃將連桿臂2 6與横向桿4 3挾入於在上下方向被重合之 3個構件4 4 a , 4 4 b , 4 4 c之間，而藉螺栓4 5予 以鎖緊。（參照圖13)而在於上下方向被重合之3個構 件44a至44c之下面或是上面，則如可對連桿臂26 等進行強固的連結般地形成與連桿臂2 6等之外形成對應 之圓弧狀的溝。 又左右之連桿臂26, 26其彼此之相對長度可被調 整。具體地說，如圖1 1所示，連桿臂2 6係一藉螺帽構 件46將呈同軸狀被配置之第1臂26a與第2臂26b 予以彼此連結而成的構造，而在第1及第2臂26a, (請先聞面之注意事項再f本頁) -裝· 訂 -4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -29 - 205093 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 五、發明説明（28) 2 6 b之端部則形成彼此成逆向之陽螺紋部2 6 a a , 26bb,藉令螺帽構件46正逆旋轉，可調整連桿臂 2 6之整體的長度，此外符號4 7像用於防止鬆弛的螺帽 Ο 根據第3實施例，藉將振動賦加點設定在車軸5之大 略中央部分，由於可對車軸5之中央部分賦加振動，因此 對於機車所特有，亦即因車子寬度較汽車為窄所引起之在 賦加振動時車體左右搖晃的問題可事先加以防範。此外亦 可防止在賦加振動之時，因機車車體.之左右搖晃，而使得 振動賦加棒抵撞到位於車軸附近之消音器等構件的問題。 根據第3實施例，用於對後測之車軸5賦加振動之連 桿機構4 1 ,係由左右之連桿臂2 6以及用於連結該些連 捍臂2 6之橫向捍4 3所構成，因此車體不會左右搖晃， 而能夠順利地被賦加振動。又在賦加振動之際，亦可防止 對車體框體施加不必要的荷重（負載）。 又根據第3實施例，由於在用於支持前側之車軸2之 左右的懸吊構件3貼設有應變計，因此在進行賦加振動之 前，在調整上述左右之連桿臂26的長度時，可邊藉應變 計來檢測加諸在懸吊構件3之負載，而能邊將其設定成彼 此相等。在該狀態下，藉上述横向桿4 3將左右之連桿臂 2 6加以剛性地連結，而能夠獲得左右平衡良好的連桿支 持結構，而在能夠防止左右搖晃之狀態下賦加振動。 又根據第3實施例，由於第3振動機1 0之伴隨第1 及第2振動賦加機1 4及1 5之作動而來的作動，傜被控 (請先閲讀背面之注意事.項再填寫本頁) 裝· 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -30 - 205093 A6 B6 五、發明説明（2¾ 制成能夠使加諸在作為第3振動賦加機10之一構件之振 動賦加棒的負載成為一定，因此對於前後方向之車軸限制 部，因為連桿機構所引起，而藉第1及第2振動賦加機 1 4及1 5朝上下方向移動時所産生之不必要之前後方向 的壓縮拉伸負載得以被消除補償。其結果，可將第3振動 賦機16隨著第1及第2振動賦加機14及15之作動， 而使得加諸在振動賦加棒2 0之負載成為一定的作動情況 ，以圖形之形式加以記憶，而令第3振動賦加機1 6根據 此而作動，可使第1至第3振動賦加機1 4至1 6 ,在前 後方向不致産生過大的負載，而能夠進行位移控制。又由 於位移控制較負載控制，更能進行高速的控制，因此能將 實際行走路面負載更忠實地予以再現。 其次請參照圖1 4來說明本發明之第4實施例。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (精先閱1!^面之注意事項再場寫本頁) 圖14俗本發明之第4實施例。在第4實施例中，在 對前側之車軸2賦加振動時，傺藉第2及第3振動賦加機 1 5，1 6 ,自彼此呈直角之兩個方向賦加振動。而該點 與上述之第2實施例傜相同。又在第4實施例中，除了將 其中一賦加振動（來自第2振動賦加機1 5的賦加振動） ，沿著懸吊構件3之長度方向而進行外，另一者之賦加振 動則沿箸與懸吊構件3成直角之方向而進行。 而在藉賦加振動令前側之車軸2作上下蓮動之際，由 於其中一賦加振動傜沿著懸吊構件3之長度方向而進行， 因此前側之車軸2會邊上下蓮動，而邊在前後方向移動。 又在對後側之車軸賦加振動時，為了要消除前側之車軸2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -31 ~ 205093 A6 B6 五、發明説明（30) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在前後方向的移動，因此必須亦要對應前側之車軸2 ,而 在前後方向移動，在此在上述圖9中，乃使用與對前側之 車軸2賦加振動時同樣的振動賦加裝置。 根據該第4實施例，不會對懸吊構件3加諸必要以上 之彎曲力，而可加諸過大的壓縮力或是拉伸力。此外在該 實施例中，雖然其中一賦加振動像沿著懸吊構件3之長度 方向而進行，然亦可偏離些許距離而賦加振動。 又在上述第2實施例中，雖然是藉由連桿1 6 a a , 擺動板1 8將第3振動賦加機1 6建接至振動賦加棒2 Ο ，而使得第3振動賦加機1 6之軸線朝著上下方向被配置 ，然而亦可廢除擺動板1 8，將第3振動賦加機1 6之軸 線朝水平方向配置，而直接地連接至振動賦加棒2 0。 又在上述第2至第4之各實施例中，雖像藉第1至第 3振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6直接對前後之車軸2 , 5 賦加振動，然亦可藉由車輪或輪穀等之具備有某一程度之 剛性的構件，而對車軸2 , 5賦加振動。 以下請參照圖1 5來說明本發明之第3實施例。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 第5實施例係一備有乘客荷重賦予構造之機車用道路 模擬裝置的實施例，係表在上述第2實施例中設有乘客荷 重賦予構造的情形。 符號1傜表作為振動賦加對象之機車，而該車輪之前 後之車輪乃被事先取下。2偽表呈自由旋轉狀被支持在機 車1之車體框體（未圖示）之前側的車軸，該車軸2則被 支持在套筒（telescopic)型式之懸吊構件3上。5傜後 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 一 32 — A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（31) (請先Μ請背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 側之車軸，該車軸5則被安裝在後叉部6 ,而該後叉部則 呈自由擺動狀地被支持在與連桿機構組合之後緩衝件（未 圖示）上。 又10傺一直接對上述機車1之前後之車軸2, 5賦 加振動時車軸賦加振動裝置。該車軸賦加振動裝置是由實 際上對車軸賦加振動之機械化部分1 1以及用於控制該機 械部分1 1之控制器1 2所構成。 而車軸振動賦加裝置1 0之機械部分1 1係由：可對 機車，之後側之車軸5，於上下方向.實施賦加振動之第1 振動賦加機1 4 ,對前側之車軸2於上下方向實施賦加振 動之第2振動賦加機1 5以及對前側之車軸2 ,於前後方 向實施賦加振動之第3振動賦加機1 6等所構成。而該些 振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5，1 6可使用能賦予拉伸及壓縮兩 力量之復動形的油壓缸。 連結棒1 7，1 7之一端分別被銷（p i η )接合在 振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5之活塞桿1 4 a , 1 5 a的前端， 而連結棒1 7 , 1 7的.前端則分別被銷接合在車軸2 , 5 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 。又擺動板1 8之一端1 8 b經由連桿1 6 a a被銷接合 在第3振動賦加機1 6之活塞桿1 6 a的前端。該擺動板 1 8 ,由側面來看乃被形成為三角形狀，而其中央基端部 1 8 a則成可自由擺動狀地被支撑在支持體1 9的上部。 此外該擺動板1 8之另一端則被銷結合至一在略水平方向 延伸之振動賦加棒2 ◦的一端，而該振動賦加棒2 ◦之另 一端則被銷結合在上述前側之車軸2。亦即第3振動賦加 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -33 - A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明（3与 機16之活塞桿16a，藉在上下方向自由伸縮作動，則 經由擺動板1 8以及振動賦加棒2 0 ,可使機車之前側的 車軸2,於前後方向被賦加振動。此外在上述振動賦加棒 2 Ο則設有荷重撿測裝置2 1。而該荷重撿測裝置2 1為 了要避免賦加掘動時的信號，則儘可能地被裝設在離開車 體的一側（擺動板1 8側）。 又2 5像用於限制機車1之車體在前後方向上之移動 之剛性的反作用力治具。而上述機車1之後側之車軸5則 經由平行的連桿臂2 6 , 2 6被連結至該反作用力治具 25。而該構式，則與圖1 0至圔1 3所説明之上述第3 實施例之構成相同。 在本第5實施例中，更如圖16至圖18所示，在上 述機車1之座位4 9的上部，則分別於前後方向錯開地配 置有相當於乘客之第1配重5◦與相當於駕駛者之第2配 重5 1。而該兩個配重5 0 , 5 1 ,則藉由左右之平行連 桿臂52, 53,在可在上下方向自由蓮動，而左右方向 之移動則被限制之狀態下被彼此加以連結。又後側之配重 5◦，則藉自上述反作用力軸25之上部朝前方延伸之左 右的平行連桿臂54, 55被支持成可在上下方向自由移 動，然在左右方向之移動則被限制。 在此上述第1及第2配重50， 51傜一將多個配重 H50a, 51 a於上下方向重昼，.而將該些配重片之四 個角以螺栓5 7互相連結而成的構造。因此可因應所需， 藉改變配重片5 0 a , 5 1 a之重璺數目可調整配重的荷 本紙張A度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -34 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 裝· 訂. 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明（3¾ 重。又符號58係被安裝在最上部之配重片50 a, (請先閲面之注意事項再塌寫本頁) 5 1 a的攜帶用把手。 在上述第1配重5 ◦之位於最下側的配重片5 0 a， 則於左右方向貫穿有在其本身前端形成有陽螺紋部6 0 a 的桿6 0，而上述平行連桿臂5 2 , 5 3之一端，則挾持 著被嵌合在捍6 0之外周面的間隔件6 1，而藉將螺帽 6 2螺合在上述桿6 0之陽螺紋部6 0 a,而被固定在上 述桿6 0的兩端。又平行連桿臂5 2 , 5 3之另一端，則 藉於左右方向貫穿上述第2配重51之最下端之配重片 5 1 a的桿6 4以及被螺合在該桿6 4之前端之螺紋部的 螺帽6 5而被固定。此外在桿6 4之外周面則被嵌合有間 隔件6 6。而上述兩桿6 ◦, 6 4則貫穿第1及第2配重 5 ◦, 5 1的大略中央部。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 又上述平行連桿臂52, 53均設成相同構造，而分 別可調整其長度。亦即連桿臂52, 53,如圖18所示 ，係由斷面為3字狀的母型臂（母體）52a, 53a以 及呈自由滑動狀被嵌裝在該母型臂52a, 53a之公型 臂52b, 53b (公件）等所構成。而在於公型臂52 b , 5 3 b之長度方向，依一定間隔而設之孔52131) — …，5 3 b b……中之適當的2個位置，藉螺合螺帽以及 螺栓加以鎖緊可被設定為一定長度。 更者如圖15所示，在上述反作用力治具2 5之上部 ,於左右方向則依與上述配重5 0 , 5 1之寬度相同程度 之間隔而被安裝有托座68, 68,而上述平行連桿臂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -35 - ^05093 五、發明説明（3今 (請先閲面之注意事項再f本頁) 5 4 , 5 5之另一端，則呈自由回動狀地被連結到該托座 68, 68。又該平行連桿臂54, 55之另一端，則藉 貫穿上述後側之配重之位於最下位之配重片5 0 a的桿 6 9以及被螺合在該捍6 9之前端之陽螺紋部6 9 a的螺 帽7 0可被連結成自由回動狀。此外符號7 1傜被嵌合在 桿6 9之配重5 0之貫穿部外周面的間隔件。 此外在該第5實施例中，為了要將平行連桿臂52, 53連結至配重50, 5 1,雖採取設置一貫穿配重5 0 ,51的桿60， 64,且將上述平行連捍臂52, 53 ,5 4 , 5 5連結至該桿6 ◦, 6 4 , 6 9的方法，但是 並不限於該方法，其亦可如圖19所示，藉熔接將螺帽 8 ◦固定至配重51 (50),且將平行連桿臂52 ( 53, 54， 55)之端部遊嵌在該螺帽80的外周面， 而自外側經由塾圏8 1而螺合一防止拔離用的螺栓8 2。 在此貫穿上述配重50, 51之桿60, 64, 69 乃分別被平行配重，且該些桿被配重成相對於平行連桿赞 52, 53， 54, 55呈直角。又在平行連桿臂54, 5 5亦設有與上述平行連桿臂相同構成的長度調整機構。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 此外被附設在平行連桿臂5 4 , 5 5之長度調整機構 ，除了如圖1 6及圖1 7所示外，亦可如圖2 4所示，將 平行連桿臂5 4 , 5 5設成管狀，且在該些之相對的端部 設有其中一者為逆向螺紋的螺帽部85, 85,而將設在 捍8 6之兩端的螺栓部8 7螺合於該螺帽部8 5 , 8 5 , 而可因應所需令該桿86回動。此外符號88像用於防止 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） -36 - Α6 經濟部中央標準渴员工消費合作社印製 __Β6___ 五、發明説明黏） 鬆弛的螺帽。 又上述第5實施例之振動賦加裝置的振動賦加方法， 實質上則與上述第1及第2實施例相同。 根據本第5實施例之振動賦加裝置，藉將第1振動賦 加機14之振動賦加點P設定在車軸5之大略中央部分， 由於可對車軸5之中央部分賦加振動，因此與上述第3實 施例相同，對於機車所特有，亦即因車寬較汽車等車輛為 狹窄所導致在模擬之際車體會左右搖晃之問題能防範於未 然。又在模擬之際，因機車之車體左右搖晃，而會使振動 賦加棒抵觸到位於車軸5附近之消音器等之構件的問題亦 可有效地加以防範。 更者在用於支持前側之車軸2之左右的懸吊構件3乃 貼設有應變計，藉讀取該些應變計，可調整上述左右之連 桿臂2 6的長度以便使加諸在左右之懸吊構件3的負載能 成為相等，而在完成該調整作業時，即藉横向桿43將左 右之連桿臂2 6加以剛性連結。藉此在進行以後之賦加振 動作業時，可與上述第3實施例同樣地，可在車體之左右 方向之横向振動被抑制的狀態下實施賦加振動作業。 更者在機車藉振動賦加機1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6強制性地 實施賦加振動時，由於被載置在座位49上之第1及第2 配重5 0 , 5 1 ,相對於座位4 9乃完全地被镯立支撑， 因此隨著座位49之上下運動，會具有若干時間延遲地跟 隨於此進行上下蓮動。亦即配重5 0 , 5 1 ,實際上可進 行與乘客坐在座位4 9時同樣的動作。 (請先Μίρ^面之注$項再f本頁) •丨裝 訂 .-4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家揉準（CNS>甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 一 37 - A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明如） 又此時，由於第1配重5◦傺藉自反作用力治具25 而延伸之左右的平行連桿臂5 4 , 5 5所支撑，因此左右 方向的移動即被限制。而即使對機車實施可能引起bottom i ng 現象 之強烈 振動時 ，第 1 配重 5 0 亦 不會離 開座位 4 9而偏移於左右方向。又由於用於支持該第1配重5〇 之平行連桿臂5 4 , 5 5 ,像自用於支持車體之車軸5的 反作用力治具25而延伸，因此該平行連捍臂54, 55 會進行與用於支持車體後部之車軸5的平行連桿臂2 6 , 2 6同樣的動作，因此稱重5 0相對於座位4 9不會於前 後方向産生偏移。 更者由於被載置在座位4 9上之第1及第2配重5 0 ,5 1 ,相對於座位4 9係完全地被獨立支撑，且僅藉由 連桿臂52, 53,將該些配重50, 5 1加以連結，而 一起於上下方向自由運動，因此兩個配重50, 51則可 進行與處於隨機狀態之乘客同樣的動作。又可將與乘客乘 坐在座位上時同樣的實際行走路面負載忠實地予以再現。 此外在第2及第5之各實施例中，雖是藉由擺動板 1 8以及連捍1 6 a a ,將第3振動賦加機1 6連接至振 動賦加棒2 0，而將軸線配置成朝上下方向，然亦可廢除 擺動板1 8 ,而如將軸線朝水平方向配置般地直接地連接 到振動賦加棒2 ◦。 又在上述第1,第2及第5實施例中，雖是藉第1至 第3振動賦加機1 4 , 15，1 6直接地對前後之車軸2 ,5賦加振動，然亦可藉由車軸或輪穀等具有某一程度之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------------^------裝------訂------肩 (請先閲面之注专項再f本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印紫 -38 - A6 B6 2050^3 五、發明説明（37) 剛性的構件，而對車軸2, 5賦加振動。 (猜先H面之注意事項再f本頁) 更者在第5實施例中，雖是將藉由平行連桿臂52, 53而彼此被連結之2値配重50, 51載置在座位49 上，然並不一定要配置2個，其亦可僅配置1個。 又在本第5實施例中，當機車1之後部，藉振動賦加 機於上下方向強制性地實施賦加振動時，由於被載置在座 位49上之第1及第2配重50, 51,相對於座位49 乃完全地被獨立支撑，因此隨著座位4 9之上下蓮動，會 具有若干時間延遲地跟隨於此進行上下運動。亦即配重 5〇，51，實際上可進行與乘客坐在座位49時同樣的 動作，而將此時之行走路面負載加以再現。 又此時，由於配重50, 51係藉自反作用力治具 25而延伸之左右的平行連桿臂26所支撑，因此左右方 向的移動‘即被限制。而即使對機車實施可能引起bottoming 現象 之強烈 振動時 ，配重 5 0 , 5 1 亦 不會離 開座位 49而偏移於左右方向。又由於用於支持該配重50， 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 5 1之平行連桿臂26,傺自用於支持車體之車軸5的反 作用力治具25而延伸，因此該用於支持配重50, 51 之平行連桿臂2 6會進行與用於支持車體後部之車軸5的 平行連桿臂26,同樣的動作，因此稱重50, 5 1相對 於座位4 9不會於前後方向産生偏移。 更者在第5實施例中，在機車1之後部藉振動賦加機 於上下方向被強制地賦加振動時，由於被載置在座位4 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -39 ~ A6 B6 2050&3 五、發明説明（38) 地被獨立支撑，且僅藉由連桿臂26，將該些配重50, 5 1加以連結，而一起於上下方向自由蓮動，因此兩個配 重5 0, 5 1則可進行與處於隨機狀態之乘客同樣的動作 。又可將與2個人乘坐時同樣的實際行走路面負載忠實地 予以再現。 此外在上述第1至第5實施例中，雖然振動賦加對象 傜機車，然而亦可將機車用振動賦加裝置，於左右方向分 別配置，而能當作為汽車用之振動賦加裝置。 其次就第6實施例之賦予三次元振動模式之振動賦加 裝置加以說明。 圖21至圖23係表第6實施例之振動賦加裝置。符 號1 0 ◦係表一用於特製品或建築物等之模型載置在振動 台1 1 2之上部而進行試驗的三次元振動台。 三次元振動台1 0 0 ,在其X軸方向則與經由球接頭 (ball joint) 1 1 4 a ,振動賦加棒1 1 6 a ,球接頭 1 18a,而由以油壓作動之致動器144a以及伺服閥 1 5 4 a所構成之水平X軸振動賦加機1 2 0相連接。又 在三次元振動台100之Y軸方向以及Z軸方向，同樣地 亦與經由球接頭1 1 4 b至1 1 4 f ,振動賦加棒1 1 6 b至1 1 6 f ,球接頭1 1 8 b至1 1 8 f ,而以油壓作 動之2個水平Y軸振動賦加機1 2 2 , 1 2 4以及3個垂 直Z軸振動賦加機1 2 6 , 1 2 8 , 1 3 0相連接。此外 水平Y軸振動賦加機1 2 2，1 2 4 ,則被配置成使繞著 被賦加振動之振動台1 1 2之重心的旋轉力矩彼此呈逆向 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS〉甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 一40 — (請先閲f面之注$項再f本頁) i裝. 訂· 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（39) (請先閲讀背面之注意Ϋ項再本頁) 。又如圔21以及圖23所示，垂直Z軸振動賦加機 1 2 6 , 1 2 8 , 1 3 0 ,則相對於振動台1 1 2之底面 ，如在三角形之各頂點的位置連結般地被配置。而在振動 台1 1 2上，於各球接頭1 1 4 a至1 1 4 f附近，則配 置有作為轉換器之加速度計1 32a至1 32f。而水平 X軸振動賦加機120以及水平Y軸振動賦加機122, 1 2 4 ,在各振動賦加棒1 1 6 a至1 1 6 f則具有用於 檢測壓力而作為轉換器之荷重檢測裝置1 3 4 a至 1 3 4 c 〇 Γ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 圖24傜表用於處理由加速度計1 32 a至1 32 f 以及荷重檢測裝1 3 4 a至1 3 4 c所得到之信號的控制 部。圖2 4俗表水平X軸。#即除了具備有可藉加速度計 1 3 2 a而撿測出由振動台1 1 2之振動所産生之加速度 ,且將所檢測之信號加以放大之感測放大器1 3 6 a以及 將該被放大之信號加以轉換之A/D轉換器1 3 8 a ,此 外亦具備有可藉荷重檢測裝置1 3 4 a ,檢測出由振動賦 加棒1 1 6a施予振動台1 1 2的壓力，而將荷重回饋信 號加以放大之回饋放大器1 4 0 a ,藉被設在用於構成水 平X軸振動賦加機1 2 0之致動器1 4 4 a之端部的差動 變壓器1 4 6 a而檢測出振動台1 1 2的位移，且將位移 回饋信號加以放大之回饋放大器1 4 8 a以及將由控制部 所送出之指令信號加以轉換之D /A轉換器1 5 0 a，此 外亦具備有輸入有各荷重回饋信號，位移回饋信號與指令 信號之演算器1 4 2 a以及將自該演算器1 4 2 a所輸出 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 一 41 _ A6 B6 .05093 五、發明説明（4〇) (請先閲讀背面之注+^項再填寫本頁) 之信號加以放大之功率放大器1 5 2 a。又水平Y軸振動 賦加機122,124亦同樣地被構成。但是垂直Z軸振 動賦加機126,128,130,則如圔25所示般， 並未具備荷重檢測裝置以及被連接在此之回饋放大器。此 外圖2 5係表對於垂直Z軸振動賦加機1 2 6之控制部。 如此所構成之三次元振動台1 0 ◦則依下而作動。 在三次元振動台1 0 0中，水平X軸振動賦加機 1 2 0 ,水平Y軸振動賦加機1 2 2 , 1 2 4兼用作位移 控制與荷重控制。而若適當地調整位移控制與荷重控制之 增益（ga i η)分配時，除了可防止在振動台1 1 2施加過 大的荷重外，亦可將振動台1 1 2位移到一定的位置。另 一方面垂直Z軸振動賦加機1~ 2 6 , 1 2 8 , 1 3 0則用 作位移控制。 以下請根據圖2 6所示之流程圖，以單軸情況來說明 第6實施例的作用。 經濟部中央標準居員工消費合作社印® 首先將由白雜訊，1/f 2特性之雜訊或是各種之實 驗結果所預先決定之雜訊信號當加振動賦加信號X i η ( t )而對振動台1 1 2賦加振動，而計測此時由轉換器所 輸出之輸出信號y ^ u t ( t ),由該所計測之輸出信號 y。“ t ( t )與振動賦加信號X i n ( t ),而求取作為 兩者之傅立葉轉換比的轉移函數G a ( f )。（步驟 S 4 1 ) 〇 其次演算轉移函數Ga (f)之逆函數Gb (f), (步驟S42),而對由賦加振動所得到之輸出信號y ( 本纸張尺度適用中因國家標準（CNS〉甲4规格（210 X 297公釐) _ 42 _ ' ' 05093 A6 B6 經濟部中央標準局WC工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（41) t)予以傅立葉轉換（步驟S43)。接著步驟S43, 將輸出信號Y (f)乘上轉移函數Gb (f)而求得振動 賦加信號X ( 0 ) ( f )(步驟S 4 4),此外則對該被 傅立葉轉換之振動賦加信號X (0) (f)進行傅立葉逆 轉換，遂得到振動賦加信號之初始值X ( 0) ( t )(步 驟 S 4 5 ) 0 接著藉反復修正而進行修正計算。亦即接著步驟 S 4 5 ,測定且讀入以振動賦加信號X (◦ ) ( t )為初 始值之信號X ( n ) ( t )來實施賦加振動時之來自轉換 器的輸出信號y ( n ) ( t )(步驟S 4 6 )。接著對振 動賦加信號X ( n ) ( t )與所讀入之輸出信號Υ ( η ) (t)分別進行傅立葉轉換/其結果將得到X (n) (f ),Υ (η) ( f )(步驟 S48)。接著步驟 S48, 則撿査誤差E (n) (f)之絶對值是否位於事先所決定 之容許誤差ε的範圍内（步驟S49)。 檢査的結果，當判定誤差E (n) (f)超過容許誤 差時，則接著步驟S49進行以E (n) ( f ) · G b ( f)來修正X(n) (f)之〔X(n) (f)+ E (n) ( f ) *Gb (f)〕的修正演算（步驟S50 )。接著則對X ( η + 1 ) ( f )進行傅立葉轉換而回到 時間領域而得到X ( η + 1 ) ( t ),此外則將η增數（ 步驟S52)，接著實施步驟S46。 在步驟S49中，當判別誤差E (n) (f)未滿容 許誤差時，則對X ( n ) ( f )進行傅立葉逆轉換而得到 本紙張適用中SB家標準（CNS)甲4祕（210 X 297公釐)-43 _ (請先閲面之注意Ϋ項再本頁) i裝· 訂·A 2〇δ〇δ3 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy A6 Β6 V. Description of the invention (20) The distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum when actually walking 丨 Y (f) 丨 Converged within the specified range, then Determines the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of the noise for the transfer function measurement at this time. The transfer function measurement noise group is subjected to multiple vibration addition processes to measure the transfer function G b, and based on the transfer function, repeated correction calculations are performed so that the walking data can be reproduced on the test bench . And when the vibration is applied by the vibration adding machine, if the absolute value distribution of the Fourier spectrum of the output signal from the accelerometer or strain gauge converges within the specified range with respect to the distribution of the horsepower spectrum density during actual walking, then The level corresponding to each frequency of the noise test for transfer function measurement can be determined, and the transfer function Gar can be calculated by carrying out multiple vibration addition processes by the noise group for transfer function measurement. In the above, regarding the phase of the Fourier spectrum, although ZX (n) (f) is fixedly set to ZX (〇) (f) to calculate the vibration-applied signal, following step S 1 3 is as usual, Generate a regular order by a random number, and generate the phase angle ZX (n) (f) of the Fourier spectrum, each frequency with respect to the desired frequency range is irregularly distributed in a range of ττ ~ 7Γ phase group formed by The noise group thus obtained can be obtained by performing a test vibration addition process to obtain a transfer function Gar (f) including the phase. Using the obtained transfer function, as in the flowchart shown in FIG. 6, the inverse function Gar (f) of the transfer function Gar (f) is calculated, and the transfer function Y (t) obtained by imparting vibration is subjected to Fourier Conversion, and the output signal Y (f) of the Fourier conversion result is multiplied by the transfer function G ar (f) to obtain the vibration-applied signal X (c) (f). This paper scale applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 Specifications (210 X 297 public goods) -22-(please read the precautions on the back and then write this page) --installation_ order · A6 B6 2050B3 5. Description of the invention (21) (please read the precautions on the back first Write this page again), Fourier transform the Fourier-transformed vibration-applied signal X〇 (f) to obtain the initial value of the vibration-applied signal X (〇) (t) (steps S22 to S25) . Then, the correction calculation is performed by repeated correction. That is, the signal X (n) (t) with the vibration applied signal X (0) (t) as the initial value is then read, and the converter output signal Υ (η) (t) that implements the applied vibration result is used to utilize vibration The Fourier signal X (n) (f), Y (η) (f) of the added signal X (η) (t) and the read output signal Y (n) (t), and the calculation error Ε (η) (f) C = Y (fi installed-) —Y (f)] (steps S26-S28), and used to reduce the error of the test vibration addition processing [X (η) (f) + Ε (η ) (f) · G br (f)] to repeat the correction calculation until the absolute value of the error E (n) (f) enters the range of the allowable error ^ determined in advance (steps S26 ~ S32), and obtain When the error (n) (f) enters the range of the allowable error ε, the vibration application signal X (n) (t) is used to implement the application of vibration by the value of the vibration application signal, and the load of the target value is supplied To the test vehicle. The employee consumption cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is printed in the above-mentioned vibration application control, so that the bottoming phenomenon is generated to the same degree as the actual walking, and the transfer function at this moment is obtained, and it is repeated based on this The calculation is modified so that even under a non-linear response system such as the suspension system of a car, it is possible to implement a vibration application situation close to the actual road load. For the sake of simplicity, the above control is explained using a single axis as an example. However, the actual vibration application situation is shown in Figure 1, and the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications are applied based on the first paper scale. (210 X 297 mm) -23-205093 A6 B6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (22) 1 to 3 vibrating machine 14,15,16 Vibrating machine in the 3 axis direction Add processing. In the multi-axis vibration adding system, it is necessary to estimate the crosstalk factor between channels. For example, in the case of three axes, in addition to obtaining the transfer function Gar (f) for each axis, since there is crosstalk between each axis G ar, the transfer function Gar (( f). If the element of the transfer function Gar (f) at this time is represented by G m η, the symbol (suffix) m represents the number of the vibration applicator and η represents the number of the converter. If the result is expressed in a matrix, in the case of three axes, the first vibration applying machine 14 is separately subjected to a test vibration applying process several times. And the accelerometer on the suspension member 3, or the strain gauge attached to the suspension member 3) to obtain the transfer function Gil, G12, G13. Then, perform the same processing on the second and third vibration applying machines 15 and 16 and the target signal ya (f) with respect to the vibration applying signal X (f), then 3 X can be obtained as shown in FIG. 7 3's transfer function matrix. That is, as shown in this formula, for example, the output γ 1 of the converter 1 (the accelerometer provided on the rear fork 6) becomes: Y1 = G1 1X1 + G21XG31X3 and X is added to the vibration of the output signal Y (f) (f), as shown in Figure 8. Here, [G] -M series represents the inverse matrix, and Figure 8 shows the basic form of the 3-axis system. The vibration-applied signal can be obtained according to the trial formula, and the actual walking situation is simulated. This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard 0 (CNS> A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -24--installed ------ ##-4 (please pay attention to the precautions before filling in this Page) A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 V. Description of the invention (23) The transfer function G ar (f) obtained by inverse Fourier transformation of the transfer function G ar (f) obtained above is used to perform various walks. The vibration application test of the mode. In the above vibration application control, the bottoming is generated to the same degree as the actual walking, and the output signal Y (t) at this time is used to obtain the transfer function, and based on this iteratively The correction process is carried out, so even under a non-linear response system like the front fork of the car, it is possible to perform a vibration application process close to the actual road load. In the above embodiment, although the locomotive is implemented The case of vibration application processing is described as an example, but the object of vibration application is not limited to locomotives, it can also be a three-wheeled or four-wheeled vehicle, and of course it is not limited to vehicles, it can also be applied to various vibration Endowment device. In the process of calculating the transfer function used when applying vibration, the test signal calculated by using the output of the converter measured during actual walking is used as the initial value. Therefore, in the calculation process of the transfer function The signal 〔丨 Y (f) 丨 一 丨 Y (η) (f) 丨 will not diverge, but will surely converge. It is also using the signal of the inverse function Gb — (f) multiplied by a safe vulgar number to obtain the transfer When the function G ar (f), the vibration applied signal X (0) (t) can be reduced without putting excessive load on the test vehicle. In the calculation process of the transfer function, in order to use the actual The output of the converter when the bottoming phenomenon is about to occur while walking is calculated, so it is necessary to make the convergence of [1 Y (f) I-[Y (n) (f) 丨 in the calculation processing of the transfer function faster. The paper scale is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS> A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 1 25 _ (please read the notes before reading this page) i pack-order · A6 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs B6 205093 V. Description of invention (2 present (please Read the precautions on the back and fill in this page again. In the above first embodiment, although the third vibration applying machine 10 is connected to the vibration applying bar 20 by the swing plate 18, the axis is oriented It is arranged in the up-down direction, but the swinging plate 18 can also be removed, and the axis of the third vibration applying machine is arranged in the horizontal direction, and is directly connected to the vibration applying rod 2 0. In the above-mentioned first embodiment Although it is the first to third vibration imparting machine 1 4 to 1 6 directly before and after the axle 2.  5 Implement vibration application processing, but also by a certain degree of rigidity such as wheels or hubs (hub), the axle 2.  5 Fused with vibration. In the first embodiment described above, although the axle 5 having the rear side is held by the reaction force, and the axle 2 on the front side is vibrated by the third vibration applying machine in the front-rear direction, it can also be combined with the above On the contrary, the front axle is supported, and the rear axle is vibrated in the front-rear direction. As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the structure directly applies vibration to the axle without passing through the wheels, the air in the tire is not subject to vibration while the air contained in the tire is transmitted from the tire to the axle The shadow of the error element of the device is added to faithfully reproduce the actual road load. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Also due to the ability to apply vibration to the axles, it can be applied to the front and rear axles 2.  One of the 5 is the third vibration applying machine 1 6 that applies vibration in the front-rear direction. Therefore, it is difficult for those who apply vibration only in the vertical direction to obtain this effect, and it is possible to place the suspension member 3 around the locomotive around The load (especially the tensile or compressive load in the front-back direction) is faithfully reproduced in the same way as when actually walking. This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public goods) -26 ~ A6 B6 205093 5. Description of the invention) Furthermore, due to the action of the first and second vibration adding machines 14,15 The operation of the third vibration applying machine 16 is controlled to thereby make the weight of the vibration applying bar, which is one of the components of the third vibration applying machine 16, constant. Because of the link mechanism, the unnecessary compression load in the front and rear directions generated when the first and second vibration applying machines 14, 15 apply vibration in the up and down directions can be offset and compensated. As a result, in order to make the load applied to the vibration applying rod 20 to be fixed, the action of the third vibration applying machine accompanying the actions of the first and second vibration applying machines 1 4 and 15 is shown in the figure in advance. When billions are recorded in the form of (map), by virtue of the operation of the third vibration adding machine according to this order, the first to third vibration applying machines 14, 15, 16 can be prevented from generating excessive loads in the front and back directions. Perform displacement control. Since displacement control is far more capable of high-speed control than load control, it can more faithfully reproduce the actual walking road load. The second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9. The object to be vibrated by the vibration applying device of the third embodiment is the locomotive 1 in the same way as the above-mentioned first embodiment, and in this second embodiment, in order to avoid repetition, it is the same as the first embodiment The description of the same components is omitted. In the second embodiment, one end 18b of the swing plate 18 is pin-coupled to the front end of the piston rod 16a of the third vibration applying machine 16 via a connecting rod 16aa. The swinging plate 18 forms a triangle when viewed from the side, and its central base end is supported on the upper portion of the support body 19 in a free-returning manner. In addition, the other end 18 c of the swing plate 18 is pinned to the national standard for medium bacteria in this paper weave ⑽s> w1〇X2 ⑽) ~~------------------ -~ ------ 装 ------ tr ------ ^ (please pay attention to item ⫫ first and then f this page) Printed by the R and Consumer Cooperative Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs 20⑽ Na 3 A6 B6 Printed by the KK Workers and Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Invention description fee) At one end of the vibration-imparting rod 20 extending in a slightly horizontal direction, the other end of the vibration-imparting rod 20 The pin is coupled to the above-mentioned front axle 2. In other words, the piston 1 16 a of the third vibration applying machine 16 is telescopically moved in the up and down direction. Via the swing plate 18 a and the vibration applying rod 20, the axle 2 on the front side of the locomotive 1 can be moved in the front and rear direction Add vibration. In addition, a load detection device 21 is installed on the vibration applying rod 20. The load detection device 21 is installed on the side away from the vehicle body (swing plate 18 side) as far as possible in order to avoid vibration when vibration is applied. In the second embodiment constructed as described above, the graph shown in Fig. 2 is formed, and the third vibration applying machine 16 is operated in accordance with the graph to perform ascending and descending operations. The vibration applying method of the second embodiment is also the same as the case of the above-mentioned first embodiment. The main part structure of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13. In the third embodiment, on the outer periphery of the axle 5 on the rear side, the inner parts of the left and right rear fork portions 6 and 6 extending from the body frame are said to have spacer members 34, respectively, and roughly in the center of the axle 5 Part of the vibration application point P is also shown. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the spacer member 34 is composed of a bolt member 35 and a nut member 36 that is screwed together. The relative rotation between them can adjust the length of the spacing member 34 itself. As a result, the vibration application point P can be adjusted to be located at a substantially central portion of the axle 5. In addition, the connecting member 17 is embedded between the left and right spacing members 34, and the center of the connecting member 3 7 is presented via the connecting member 39 (please read the precautions on the back and then this page) • 丨Binding-Order · ^ This paper scale is applicable to the Buji standard (CNS > A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 28 1 205093 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of invention) Spherical support The front end of the connecting rod 38 extending from the first vibration applying machine 14 is supported. The symbol 4 0 傜 represents a fixing nut that is screwed to the end of the axle 5 from the outside of the rear fork portions 6 and 6. Also in the third embodiment, the rear axle 5 is supported in a state where the movement in the front-rear direction can be restricted by the reaction mechanism 25 via the link mechanism 41. This point is the same as the second embodiment described above. In the third embodiment, the above-mentioned link mechanism 41 is composed of right and left link arms 26, 26 arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, and lateral rods for connecting the link arms 26, 26 to each other. (Cross member) 4 3, 4 3 That is, by linking the link arms 26 and the lateral support 43 to each other via the link member 44, the overall rigidity of the link mechanism 41 can be improved. In addition, the front end of the link arm 26 is attached to the inner part of the rear fork portions 6, 6 via the connecting member 3 9 outside the axle 5 described above. The connecting member 4 4 for connecting the link arm 26 and the transverse rod 4 3 is to enclose the link arm 26 and the transverse rod 4 3 in three members 4 4 a and 4 4 b that are overlapped in the vertical direction , 4 4 c, and bolt 4 5 to be locked. (Refer to FIG. 13) The three members 44a to 44c that are overlapped in the up and down direction are formed under the upper or lower side of the link arm 26, etc., so that they can be strongly connected to the link arm 26, etc. Corresponding to the arc-shaped groove. The relative lengths of the left and right link arms 26, 26 can be adjusted. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the link arm 26 is a structure in which the first arm 26a and the second arm 26b arranged coaxially are connected to each other by a nut member 46, and the 1 and 2nd arm 26a, (please read the precautions first and then this page)-Binding · Order-4 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -29-205093 A6 B6 is printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. V. Description of invention (28) 2 6 b The ends of the 2 6 b form opposite male thread portions 2 6 aa, 26bb, and the nut member 46 is rotated forward and reverse, The overall length of the link arm 26 can be adjusted, and the symbol 4 7 is like a nut for preventing slack. According to the third embodiment, the vibration application point is set at the roughly central portion of the axle 5 because the axle 5 Vibration is added to the central part, so it is unique to locomotives, that is, the width of the car is narrower than that of the car. The problem of swaying of the car body when applying vibration can be prevented in advance. In addition, it can prevent the locomotive car body from applying vibration. The problem of shaking left and right causes the vibration-applying rod to hit the muffler and other components near the axle. According to the third embodiment, the link mechanism 4 1 for applying vibration to the rear axle 5 is composed of the left and right link arms 26 and the lateral support 43 for connecting the link arms 26 Because of the structure, the vehicle body does not shake left and right, but can be smoothly vibrated. In addition, when vibration is applied, unnecessary load (load) can be prevented from being applied to the vehicle body frame. Also according to the third embodiment, since the strain gauges are attached to the left and right suspension members 3 for supporting the front axle 2, when adjusting the length of the left and right link arms 26 before applying vibration, The load applied to the suspension member 3 can be detected by the strain gauge, and it can be set equal to each other. In this state, the left and right link arms 26 are rigidly connected by the above-mentioned transverse bars 43, and a link support structure with a good balance between the left and the right can be obtained, and vibration can be imparted in a state where left and right shaking can be prevented. Also according to the third embodiment, due to the action of the third vibrator 10 accompanied by the actions of the first and second vibration applicators 1 4 and 1 5, Yu was charged (please read the notes on the back first. Please fill in this page again)  This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -30-205093 A6 B6 V. Description of the invention (2¾ made into a member that can be added as a third vibration feeding machine 10 The load of the vibration-applying rod becomes constant. Therefore, the axle limiter in the front-rear direction is caused by the link mechanism, and is generated when the first and second vibration-applying machines 1 4 and 15 move up and down. Unnecessary compression and tensile loads in the front and back directions can be eliminated and compensated. As a result, the third vibrating machine 16 can be moved along with the operation of the first and second vibrating machines 14 and 15, so that the The load of the stick 20 becomes a certain operating condition, which is memorized in the form of a graph, and the third vibration applying machine 1 6 is operated according to this, so that the first to third vibration applying machines 1 4 to 1 6 The displacement control can be carried out without causing excessive load in the front and rear directions. Since displacement control is more capable of high-speed control than load control, the actual walking road load can be reproduced more faithfully. Next please refer to Figure 14 To illustrate the fourth Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Read 1! ^ Face Notes before writing this page) Figure 14 is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the When the front axle 2 is vibrated, Ye uses the second and third vibration applicators 15 and 16 to apply vibration from two directions at right angles to each other. This point is the same as that of the second embodiment described above. In the fourth embodiment, in addition to applying one of the vibrations (the vibration from the second vibration applying machine 15), along the length direction of the suspension member 3, the other is given. Vibration is applied along the direction at right angles to the suspension and the suspension member 3. When the vibration is applied to make the front axle 2 move up and down, one of the application vibrations along the length of the suspension member 3 Direction, so the front axle 2 will move up and down while moving in the front and back direction. When applying vibration to the rear axle, in order to eliminate the front axle 2 this paper standard applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS ) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -31 ~ 205093 A6 B6 V. Description of invention (30 ) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The movement in the front-rear direction, so it must also correspond to the front axle 2 and move in the front-rear direction. Here in Figure 9 above, it is used against the front side The same vibration applying device is applied to the axle 2. According to the fourth embodiment, no excessive bending force is applied to the suspension member 3, but excessive compression force or tensile force can be applied. In this embodiment, although one of the applied vibration images is performed along the length direction of the suspension member 3, it may be deviated by a small distance to apply vibration. Also in the second embodiment described above, although The rod 16 aa and the swinging plate 18 connect the third vibration applying machine 16 to the vibration applying bar 2 Ο, so that the axis of the third vibration applying machine 16 is arranged in the up-down direction, but it can also be The swing plate 18 is abolished, the axis of the third vibration applying machine 16 is arranged horizontally, and directly connected to the vibration applying rod 20. In the above second to fourth embodiments, although the first to third vibration imparting machines 1 4, 1 5, 16 directly apply vibration to the front and rear axles 2, 5, it can also be borrowed Vibration is imparted to the axles 2 and 5 by members with a certain degree of rigidity such as wheels or wheel valleys. The following describes the third embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 15. The fifth example printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is an example of a road simulation device for a locomotive equipped with a passenger load-bearing structure. . The symbol 1 represents the locomotive to which vibration is applied, and the wheels before and after the wheel are removed in advance. 2 The pseudo watch is supported on the front axle of the body frame (not shown) of the locomotive 1 in a freely rotating state, and the axle 2 is supported on a telescopic suspension member 3. 5 After this, the paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 1. 32 — A6 B6 205093 5. Description of the invention (31) (please pay attention to the back and then fill in this page) On the side axle, the axle 5 is mounted on the rear fork portion 6, and the rear fork portion is supported in a swinging state on a buffer (not shown) after being combined with the link mechanism. Another 10 Yeyi directly applies vibration devices to the axles 2 and 5 before and after the aforementioned locomotive 1 when applying vibration. The axle-applied vibration device is composed of a mechanized part 11 that actually applies vibration to the axle and a controller 12 that controls the mechanical part 11. The mechanical part 1 1 of the axle vibration applying device 10 is composed of: the locomotive, the rear axle 5, in the up and down direction. The first vibration applying machine 1 4 that applies vibration, the second vibration applying machine 1 5 that applies vibration to the front axle 2 in the up and down direction, and the front axis 2 applies vibration to the front and rear directions. The third vibration applicator 16 is constituted. As for these vibration adding machines 1 4, 15 and 16, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder which can give two forces of stretching and compression can be used. One end of the connecting rods 1 7 and 1 7 are pin (p i η) joined to the front ends of the piston rods 1 4 a and 1 5 a of the vibration imparting machine 1 4 and 15 respectively, while the connecting rods 1 7 and 17 are. The front end is pinned to the axle 2, 5 and printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. One end 18b of the swing plate 18 is pin-connected to the front end of the piston rod 16a of the third vibration applying machine 16 via a connecting rod 16aa. The swinging plate 18 is formed into a triangular shape when viewed from the side, and its central base end portion 18 a is supported on the upper portion of the support body 19 in a swingable manner. In addition, the other end of the swing plate 18 is pin-coupled to one end of a vibration-applying rod 2 ◦ extending in a slightly horizontal direction, and the other end of the vibration-applying rod 2 ◦ is pin-coupled to the aforementioned front axle 2. That is to say, the paper size of the third vibration-imparting paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -33-A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 V. Description of the invention (3 and the piston rod 16a of the machine 16, borrow Freely telescopic movement in the up and down direction, through the swing plate 18 and the vibration applying rod 20, the front axle of the locomotive can be vibrated in the front and rear direction. In addition, the vibration applying rod 2 is provided with Load detection device 21. The load detection device 21 is installed on the side away from the vehicle body (swing plate 18 side) as far as possible in order to avoid giving signals during excavation. 5 like a rigid reaction force fixture for restricting the movement of the body of the locomotive 1 in the front-rear direction. The axle 5 on the rear side of the locomotive 1 is connected to the reaction via parallel link arms 2 6, 2 6力 治 具 25. The configuration is the same as that of the above-mentioned third embodiment described in FIGS. 10 to 13. In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the above On the upper part of the seat 4 9 of the locomotive 1, the first counterweight 5 corresponding to the passenger is arranged staggered in the front-rear direction. Equivalent to the driver's second counterweight 51. The two counterweights 50, 51, through the left and right parallel link arms 52, 53, can freely move in the up and down direction, and the left and right direction The movement is restricted and connected to each other. With the counterweight 5◦ on the rear side, the left and right parallel link arms 54 and 55 extending forward from the upper part of the reaction force shaft 25 are supported so that they can be moved up and down You can move freely in the direction, but the movement in the left and right directions is restricted. Here, the first and second weights 50, 51 and above weigh a lot of weights H50a, 51 a in the vertical direction. The four corners of the weight plates are connected to each other with bolts 57. Therefore, according to the need, by changing the number of counterweights 50 a, 5 1 a, the weight can be adjusted, and the weight of the Dutch paper A degree is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm)- 34-(Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page) Binding and ordering.  A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (3¾ weight. The symbol 58 is the weight plate 50 a installed on the uppermost part. This page) 5 1 a carrying handle. In the first weight 5 above, the weight piece 5 0 a located at the lowermost side has a male screw portion 6 0 a formed at the front end of the weight piece in the left-right direction. The rod 60, and one end of the parallel link arms 5 2 and 5 3, holding the spacer 6 1 fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the arm 60, and screwing the nut 6 2 to the rod The male threaded portion 6 0 a of 6 0 is fixed at both ends of the rod 60. The other ends of the parallel link arms 5 2 and 5 3 penetrate the most of the second weight 51 through the left and right directions The rod 6 4 of the lower weight piece 5 1 a and the nut 6 5 screwed to the threaded portion at the front end of the rod 6 4 are fixed. In addition, a spacer is fitted to the outer surface of the rod 6 4 6 6. The above two poles 6 ◦, 6 4 run through the central portion of the first and second counterweights 5 ◦, 5 1. The Central Parallel Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the above parallel link arm 52,53 is set to the same structure, and the length can be adjusted separately. That is, the link arms 52, 53, as shown in FIG. 18, are composed of female arms (mother body) 52a, 53a and free The sliding shape is composed of male arms 52b, 53b (male parts) embedded in the female arms 52a, 53a, etc. It lies in the length direction of the male arms 52b, 5 3b, with holes at certain intervals 52131) —…, 5 3 bb ... The proper two positions can be set to a certain length by screwing nuts and bolts. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, on the upper part of the reaction force fixture 25, the brackets 68, 68 are installed in the left-right direction at the same interval as the width of the weights 50, 51, and The paper standard of the above parallel link arm is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -35-^ 05093 5. Description of the invention (3 present (please read the precautions before reading this page) The other ends of 5 4, 5 5 are connected to the brackets 68, 68 in a free-returning manner, and the other ends of the parallel link arms 54, 55 are located by the counterweights passing through the rear side. The rod 6 9 of the lowermost weight piece 5 0 a and the nut 70 that is screwed to the male thread portion 6 9 a at the front end of the guard 6 9 can be connected in a free-return state. In addition, the symbol 7 1 傜A spacer fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the penetrating portion of the weight 50 of the rod 69. In this fifth embodiment, in order to connect the parallel link arms 52, 53 to the weight 50, 51, although The method of setting a rod 60, 64 penetrating the counterweight 50, 51, and connecting the above-mentioned parallel connecting arms 52, 53, 5 4 and 5 5 to the rod 6 ◦, 6 4, 6 9 is adopted, but it is not Limited to this method, its As shown in FIG. 19, the nut 8 can be fixed to the counterweight 51 (50) by welding, and the end of the parallel link arm 52 (53, 54, 55) can be inserted into the outer circumferential surface of the nut 80 , And the bolts 8 2 are screwed into one from the outside via the coil 8 1 to prevent pull-out. Here, the rods 60, 64, 69 that penetrate the above counterweights 50, 51 are respectively counterweighted, and these rods are The counterweight is at right angles to the parallel links Zan 52, 53, 54 and 55. The parallel link arms 54, 55 are also provided with the same length adjustment mechanism as the above parallel link arms. Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative Society. In addition, it is attached to the length adjustment mechanism of the parallel link arms 5 4, 5 5. In addition to the figures 16 and 17, the parallel links can also be shown in figures 24. The arms 5 4, 5 5 are formed into a tubular shape, and the opposite ends are provided with nut portions 85, 85, one of which is a reverse thread, and the bolt portions 8 7 provided at both ends of the arm 8 6 are screwed. It fits into the nut part 8 5, 8 5, and the rod 86 can be moved back according to the need. In addition, the symbol 88 is used to prevent this paper scale from applying the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 mm ) -3 6-Α6 Printed by the Central Standards Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs __Β6 ___ V. Description of invention (sticky) Loose nuts. The vibration applying method of the vibration applying device of the fifth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first and second embodiments. According to the vibration applying device of the fifth embodiment, by setting the vibration applying point P of the first vibration applying machine 14 to the roughly central portion of the axle 5, since the central portion of the axle 5 can be imparted with vibration, the same as above The third embodiment is the same, which is unique to locomotives, that is, the problem that the car experiences left and right shaking during simulation due to the narrower width of the car than the car and other vehicles can be prevented beforehand. In the simulation, the problem of the vibration of the locomotive's body shaking left and right, which may cause the vibration applicator to hit the muffler and other components near the axle 5, can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, strain gauges are attached to the left and right suspension members 3 for supporting the front axle 2. By reading these strain gauges, the length of the left and right link arms 26 can be adjusted so that they are added to the left and right. The load of the suspension member 3 can be equalized, and when the adjustment work is completed, the left and right link arms 26 are rigidly connected by the transverse rod 43. As a result, when performing the subsequent vibration adding operation, the vibration applying operation can be performed in a state where the lateral vibration of the vehicle body in the lateral direction is suppressed as in the third embodiment described above. Furthermore, when the locomotive uses vibration applicator 1 4, 1 5, 16 to compulsorily apply vibration, the first and second counterweights 5 0, 5 1 placed on the seat 49 are opposite to The seat 49 is completely supported by the bracelet, so as the seat 49 moves up and down, it will follow this for a certain time delay to move up and down. That is, the counterweights 5 0, 5 1 can actually perform the same actions as when the passengers are seated at seats 49. (Please note $ items on the first page and then f this page) • Binding. -4 This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS> A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) I 37-A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 V. Description of the invention as such) At this time, due to the 1st counterweight 5 The left and right parallel link arms 5 4 and 5 5 supported by the self-reaction force fixture 25 are supported, so the movement in the left and right direction is restricted. Even if the locomotive is subjected to strong vibration that may cause the bottom i ng phenomenon, the first counterweight 50 will not deviate from the seat 4 9 and shift to the left and right directions. Since the parallel link arms 5 4, 5 5 for supporting the first counterweight 50 extend like the reaction force fixture 25 for the axle 5 for supporting the vehicle body, the parallel link arms 54, 55 The same actions as the parallel link arms 26, 26 for supporting the axle 5 at the rear of the vehicle body are performed, so that the weighing 50 is not offset with respect to the seat 49 in the front-rear direction. Furthermore, since the first and second counterweights 5 0, 5 1 placed on the seat 4 9 are completely independently supported with respect to the seat 4 9, and only by the link arms 52, 53, These counterweights 50, 51 are connected and move freely together in the up and down directions, so the two counterweights 50, 51 can perform the same actions as passengers in a random state. In addition, it is possible to faithfully reproduce the same actual road load as passengers sitting on their seats. In addition, in each of the second and fifth embodiments, although the third vibration applying machine 16 is connected to the vibration applying bar 20 through the swinging plate 18 and the link 16 aa, the axis is arranged If the axis is facing up and down, the swing plate 18 can also be eliminated, and the axis is directly connected to the vibration applying rod 2 as if the axis is arranged horizontally. In the first, second, and fifth embodiments described above, although the first to third vibration applying machines 1 4, 15, 16 directly apply vibration to the front and rear axles 2, 5, it is also possible With a certain degree of this paper standard such as axles or wheel valleys, the Chinese national standard (CNS> A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) is applicable ------------------ ^ ------ Dress-up ------ order ------ Shoulder (please read the special note first and then this page) Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing Purple-38-A6 B6 2050 ^ 3 V. Description of the invention (37) Rigid member, which imparts vibration to the axles 2 and 5. (Guess the precautions on the H surface before f this page) Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, although Two parallel weights 50, 51 which are connected to each other by parallel link arms 52, 53 are placed on the seat 49, but it is not necessary to configure two, but it may also be configured with only one. In the embodiment, when the rear part of the locomotive 1 is forcibly applied with vibration by the vibration applying machine in the up and down direction, the first and second counterweights 50, 51 placed on the seat 49 are relative to the seat. 49 is completely independently supported, so as the seat 4 9 moves up and down, it will have The dry time follows this up and down to move up and down. That is, the counterweight 50, 51 can actually perform the same action as the passenger sitting on the seat 49, and reproduce the walking road load at this time. Since the counterweights 50 and 51 are supported by the left and right parallel link arms 26 extending from the reaction force fixture 25, the movement in the left and right direction is restricted. Even when the locomotive is subjected to strong vibration that may cause the bottoming phenomenon , The counterweights 5 0, 5 1 will not deviate from the seat 49 and shift to the left and right directions. And because it is used to support the counterweight 50, the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau R Industrial and Consumer Cooperative printed 5 1 parallel link arm 26 , Ye extends from the reaction force fixture 25 used to support the axle 5 of the vehicle body, so the parallel link arm 26 used to support the counterweight 50, 51 will be parallel to the axle 5 used to support the rear of the vehicle body The link arm 26 moves in the same way, so the weights 50, 51 do not shift in the front-rear direction with respect to the seat 49. Furthermore, in the fifth embodiment, the rear part of the locomotive 1 is provided with vibration by When vibration is forcibly applied up and down, It is placed in the seat 4 9 The paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -39 ~ A6 B6 2050 & 3 V. The description of the invention (38) is independently supported and only By connecting the link arms 26, the counterweights 50, 5 1 are connected and freely move together in the up and down direction, so the two counterweights 50, 5 1 can perform the same action as the passengers in a random state . In addition, it is possible to faithfully reproduce the same actual road load as when two people were riding. In addition, in the first to fifth embodiments described above, although the vibration application object is locomotives, the vibration application devices for locomotives may be separately arranged in the left-right direction, and can be used as vibration application devices for automobiles. Next, a description will be given of a vibration applying device for imparting a three-dimensional vibration mode in the sixth embodiment. 21 to 23 show the vibration applying device of the sixth embodiment. Symbol 1 0 ◦ Table 1 is a three-dimensional shaking table where the model for special products or buildings is placed on the shaking table 1 1 2 and tested. The three-dimensional vibrating table 100, in its X-axis direction, is actuated by the action of oil pressure through a ball joint (ball joint) 1 1 4 a, a vibration imparting rod 1 1 6 a, and a ball joint 1 18 a. The horizontal X-axis vibration feeder 1 2 0 composed of the controller 144a and the servo valve 1 5 4 a is connected. In the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction of the three-dimensional vibration table 100, the vibration applying rods 1 1 6 b to 1 1 6 f and the ball joint 1 also pass through the ball joints 1 1 4 b to 1 1 4 f 1 8 b to 1 1 8 f, and 2 horizontal Y-axis vibration feeders 1 2 2, 1 2 4 and 3 vertical Z-axis vibration feeders 1 2 6, 1 2 8, 1 operated by oil pressure 3 0 phase connection. In addition, the horizontal Y-axis vibration applicator 1 2 2 and 1 2 4 are configured so that the rotation moments around the center of gravity of the vibrating table 1 1 2 applied with vibration are opposite to each other. This paper scale applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS 〉 A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) One 40 — (Please read the note $ item on the f page and then f this page) i installed.  Order · Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A6 B6 205093 V. Description of the invention (39) (Please read the note Ϋ on the back and then this page). Also as shown in Figure 21 and Figure 23, the vertical Z-axis vibration applicator 1 2 6, 1 2 8, 1 3 0 is relative to the bottom surface of the vibration table 1 1 2 as if connected at the positions of the vertices of the triangle To be configured. On the vibrating table 1 12, near the ball joints 1 1 4 a to 1 1 4 f, accelerometers 1 32a to 1 32f as converters are arranged. The horizontal X-axis vibration applicator 120 and the horizontal Y-axis vibration applicator 122, 1 2 4, each of the vibration applicator rods 1 1 6 a to 1 1 6 f has a load as a converter for detecting pressure Detection device 1 3 4 a to 1 3 4 c 〇Γ 24 figures printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs are used to process the accelerometer 1 32 a to 1 32 f and the load detection device 1 3 4 a to 1 3 4 c The control part of the signal obtained. Figure 2 4 X axis horizontal table. #That is, in addition to having a sense amplifier 1 3 6 a that can detect the acceleration generated by the vibration of the vibration table 1 1 2 by the accelerometer 1 3 2 a and amplify the detected signal The A / D converter 1 3 8 a that converts the amplified signal is also equipped with a load detection device 1 3 4 a that detects the pressure applied to the vibrating table 1 1 2 by the vibration applying rod 1 1 6a. A feedback amplifier 1 4 0 a that amplifies the load feedback signal is provided by a differential transformer 1 4 6 at the end of the actuator 1 4 4 a used to form the horizontal X-axis vibration imparter 1 2 0 a and the feedback amplifier 1 4 8 a which detects the displacement of the vibration table 1 1 2 and amplifies the displacement feedback signal a and the D / A converter 1 5 0 a which converts the command signal sent by the control unit, in addition Equipped with the calculator 1 4 2 a with input of each load feedback signal, displacement feedback signal and command signal, and the paper size to be output from the calculator 1 4 2 a The Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 mm) One 41 _ A6 B6. 05093 V. Description of invention (4〇) (please read note + ^ on the back and then fill in this page) to amplify the power amplifier 1 5 2 a. The horizontal Y-axis vibration feeders 122 and 124 are also constructed in the same manner. However, the vertical Z-axis vibration applying machine 126,128,130, as shown in Fig. 25, does not have a load detection device and a feedback amplifier connected thereto. In addition, Fig. 25 shows the control part of the vertical Z-axis vibration feeder 1 2 6. The three-dimensional shaking table 1 0 constructed in this way moves according to the following. In the three-dimensional shaking table 100, the horizontal X-axis vibration feeder 1 2 0, and the horizontal Y-axis vibration feeder 1 2 2, 1 2 4 are both used for displacement control and load control. If the gain (ga i η) distribution of displacement control and load control is adjusted properly, in addition to preventing excessive load on the vibration table 1 12, the vibration table 1 12 can also be displaced to a certain position. On the other hand, the vertical Z-axis vibration feeder 1 ~ 2 6, 1 2 8, 1 3 0 is used as displacement control. In the following, according to the flowcharts shown in Figs. 26, the function of the sixth embodiment will be described with a single axis. The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standard Residents ’Consumer Cooperative Print® first treats the noise signal pre-determined by the white noise, 1 / f 2 characteristic noise or various experimental results as the vibration adding signal X i η (t) and Vibration is applied to the vibration table 112, and the output signal y ^ ut (t) output by the converter at this time is measured, and the measured output signal y is measured by this. "T (t) and the vibration-applied signal X in (t), and the transfer function Ga (f) which is the Fourier conversion ratio of the two is obtained. (Step S 4 1) 〇Secondly calculate the transfer function Ga (f) The inverse function Gb (f), (step S42), and the output signal y obtained by applying vibration (this paper standard applies to the national standard (CNS> A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) _ 42 _ '05093 A6 B6 Printed by the WC Industrial and Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of invention (41) t) Fourier transform (step S43). Then in step S43, multiply the output signal Y (f) by the transfer function Gb (f) to obtain the vibration-applied signal X (0) (f) (step S 4 4), in addition, the Fourier-transformed vibration-applied signal X (0) (f) is inverse-Fourier-transformed to obtain The initial value of the vibration application signal X (0) (t) (step S 4 5) 0 Then, the correction calculation is performed by repeated correction. That is, following step S 4 5, the vibration application signal X (◦) is measured and read in ) (t) is the initial value of the signal X (n) (t) to implement the output signal y (n) (t) from the converter when the vibration is applied (step S 4 6). The added signal X (n) (t) and the read output signal Υ (η) (t) are respectively Fourier transformed / the result will be X (n) (f), Υ (η) (f) (step S48). Following step S48, it is checked whether the absolute value of the error E (n) (f) is within the range of the allowable error ε determined in advance (step S49). As a result of the inspection, when the error E (n) ( f) When the allowable error is exceeded, proceed to step S49 to correct [(X (n) (f) + E (n) (X (n) (f) + E (n) ( f) * Gb (f)] correction calculation (step S50). Then Fourier transform X (η + 1) (f) and return to the time domain to get X (η + 1) (t), in addition Increase η (step S52), and then implement step S46. In step S49, when the discriminant error E (n) (f) is less than the allowable error, inverse Fourier transform is performed on X (n) (f) to obtain This paper applies to the SB Family Standard (CNS) A 4 secret (210 X 297 mm) -43 _ (please read the note Ϋ item first and then this page) i pack · order ·

A 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 0^093 A6 _B6_ 五、發明説明（42) X ( n ) ( t )(步驟 S53)。藉以該 X(n) ( t ) 來進行振動賦加测試（步驟S54),可對振動台1 12 賦予目標值的負載。如上所述求取振動賦加信號之初始值 X ( 0 ) ( t ),根據反復修正常次來減小轉換器輸出信 號的誤差，使其逐漸接近於目標值，而求取與作為最終。 藉賦加振動而要得到之目檫值之輸出信號y ( t )呈對應 的振動賦加信號X ( n ) ( t )。 以上雖像就單軸的情況加以說明，然在6個軸的情況 下則依下而進行。首先單獨對水平X軸振動賦加機1 2 0 試驗性地賦加振動，而求取來自作為轉換器之各速度計 1 3 2 a至1 3 2 f的輸出信號，而各輸出信號則以水平 X軸振動賦加機1 2 0的輸入信號來除。該操作動作則針A Printed by the Employees Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 0 ^ 093 A6 _B6_ V. Description of the invention (42) X (n) (t) (step S53). By using this X (n) (t) to perform a vibration application test (step S54), a load of a target value can be given to the vibration table 1 12. The initial value X (0) (t) of the vibration-applied signal is obtained as described above, and the error of the output signal of the converter is reduced according to the normal times of repeated correction, so that it gradually approaches the target value, and the final result is obtained. The output signal y (t) of the sassafras value to be obtained by applying vibration is corresponding to the vibration applying signal X (n) (t). Although the description above is for the single-axis case, the following is the case for the six-axis case. First, the horizontal X-axis vibration imparting machine 1 2 0 is tentatively imparted with vibration, and the output signals from the speedometers 1 3 2 a to 1 3 2 f as converters are obtained, and each output signal is The input signal of the horizontal X axis vibration adding machine 1 2 0 is divided. The operation action is

I 對6個振動賦加機120,122,124,126, 128, 13 ◦分別進行，而求取轉移函數矩陣〔G〕( 參照圖27)。接著求取〔G〕之逆矩陣〔G〕〃，藉圔 2 7所示之矩陣演算，可求取與各振動賦加機1 2 0 , 122, 124, 126, 128, 130 之經傅立葉轉 換而得之目標信號矩陣〔Y〕 （ Y ;〜Y e)相對應之經1 次傅立葉轉換的振動賦加信號群〔X〕 （ X 7〜X β)，且 藉將此進行傅立葉逆轉換所得到之振動賦加信號，實際上 對振動賦加機 120, 122, 124, 126, 128 ,1 3 0賦加振動。 在此則求取作為目標信號矩陣與輸出信號矩陣（對由 轉換器所測定之輸出信號群進行傅立葉轉換而得者）兩者 (請先Mipse面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) .裝. 訂·I Carry out each of the six vibration applicators 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 13 ◦ to obtain the transfer function matrix [G] (refer to FIG. 27). Then find the inverse matrix of [G] [G] 〃, and use the matrix calculation shown in Figure 2 7 to obtain the Fourier transform with the vibration applicator 1 2 0, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130 The obtained target signal matrix [Y] (Y; ~ Ye) corresponds to the vibration-added signal group [X] (X 7 ~ X β) corresponding to 1 Fourier transform, and by this inverse Fourier transform The resulting vibration application signal actually applies vibration to the vibration application machine 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130. Here, both the target signal matrix and the output signal matrix (which are obtained by Fourier transforming the output signal group measured by the converter) are obtained (please note the Mipse first before writing this page). Order

A 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公货） —44 - A6 B6 廳093 五、發明説明（43) (請先面之注$項再填寫本頁) 之差的誤差矩陣，而以與在上述誤差矩陣乘上轉移函數矩 陣之逆矩陣〔G〕_ i而求得之修正信號相加而得的新的振 動賦加信號群對振動台1 1 2賦加振動。以下則與單軸之 情況同樣地，反復地進行修正常次直到位於一定之範圍内 為止。而藉如此所求得之振動賦加信號群進行實際振動的 模擬。 使用上述所求得之轉移函數矩陣〔G〕之逆矩陣〔 G〕_ 1 ,而進行與各種振動賦加模式呈對應的測試。此時 為了要阻止繞著振動台112之X軸，Y軸，Z軸的旋轉 蓮動，乃對垂直Z軸振動賦加機1 2 6 , 1 2 8 , 1 3 0 給予彼此相同的目標信號y ( t ),此外對水平Y軸振動 賦加機1 2 2 , 1 2 4亦給予彼此相同的目標信號y ( t r )。而以該些目標信號y ( t )為基礎，在控制部中如上 述般地求取高精度的振動賦加信號X ( t ),而藉上述振 動賦加信號X ( t )對各振動賦加機1 2 0 , 1 2 2 , 124, 126, 128, 130賦加振動。因此可保持 振動台12 2之水平狀態，而不會産生繞Z軸的旋軸運動 Ο 經濟部中央標準局具工消費合作社印製 更者三次元振動台1 0 0 ,於垂直Z軸振動賦加機 126,128,130中，乃分別將來自差動變壓器 146d至146f之位移回饋信號送至演算器142d 至1 42 f ,在此則與自作為控制器之電腦1 6 0所送出 之信號進行演算，而控制振動台1 1 2位移到一定的位置 。更者在水平X軸振動賦加機1 2 0 ,水平Y軸振動賦加 本纸張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS>甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 一 45 — A6 B6 205093 五、發明説明（44) 機122,124中，除了上述位移回饋信號外，亦自荷 重檢測裝置1 3 4 a至1 3 4 c ,將荷重回饋信號送至演 算器1 4 2 a至1 4 2 c ,在此則與自電腦1 6 0所送出 之信號進行演算。此時由於將荷重控制與位移控制依適當 的增益分配加以調節，因此除了能使振動台1 ,1 2位移至 一定位置外，亦可阻止對掘動台112加諸過大的負載。 - ·- ... 在本第6實施例之三次元振動台100,由於僅藉振 動賦加機120,122， 124,126,128， 1 3 0之振動賦加棒1 1 6 a至1 1 6 f而産生位移，因 此振幅可設得大些。更者由於將垂直Z軸振動賦加機 126, 128, 130柙對於振動台112配設在三角 形之各頂點的位置，除了可將振動台1 1 2平衡地加以支 撑外，在求取上述轉移函數矩陣則即使僅令垂直Z軸振動 賦加機1 26, 1 28, 1 30之其中1値産生位移，亦 可能令另外2個保持在靜止狀態。（在同一軸方向設置4 個以上之振動賦加機時，在令其中1個産生位移時，則不 可能令另外3個保持在靜止狀態）。更者如令垂直Z軸振 動賦加機1 2 6 , 1 2 8 , 1 3 0得到同一之輸出信號， 且水平Y軸振動賦加機1 2 2 , 1 2 4得到相同之輸出信 號般地給予輸入信號，藉此可阻止繞著振動台1 1 2之X 軸、Y軸、Z軸而旋轉。 在控制三次元振動台方面，藉使用所求得之轉移函數 矩陣的逆矩陣，可精密度良好地來控制振動賦加狀態。又 由於振動台僅藉振動賦加棒産生位移，因此振幅可設得大 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -46 ~ -裝------訂------與 (請先U4M!:面之注意事項再f本頁) 經濟部中央標準局R工消費合作社印製 A6 B6 203093 五、發明説明（45) 些。更者由於3個垂直Z軸振動賦加機相對於振動台在三 角形之各頂點的位置，因此除了可將振動台平衡性良好地 加以支撑外，在求取上述轉移函數矩陣時，即使僅令3個 垂直Z軸振動賦加機之其中1者産生位移，而亦可能令其 他2値保持在靜止狀態。更者使用上述轉移函數矩陣之逆 矩陣，則如使3個垂直Z軸振動賦加機得到相同之輸出， 或是可相對於振動台給予彼此呈逆向之力矩之2個水平Y 軸振動賦加機得到相同之輸出般地以控制器來進行控制， 藉此可將振動台控制在水平狀態且不會旋轉。因此三次元 振動台，除了可僅以6個振動賦加機與轉換器之單純的構 造而來構成外，亦能將地震等情況精度良好地予以再現。 (請先Mtpie面之注意事項再S冬頁) 訂· -丨線 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 -47 — 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS〉甲4規格（210 X 297公货）A This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Grade A 4 (210 X 297 public goods) — 44-A6 Hall B6 093 V. Description of invention (43) (please note the $ item before filling in this page) Error matrix, and the new vibration addition signal group obtained by adding the correction signal obtained by multiplying the above error matrix by the inverse matrix [G] _i of the transfer function matrix is added to the vibration table 1 1 2 vibration. In the following, as in the case of a single axis, it is repeatedly repaired until it is within a certain range. By virtue of the obtained vibration, the signal group is applied to simulate the actual vibration. Using the inverse matrix [G] _1 of the transfer function matrix [G] obtained above, tests corresponding to various vibration application modes are performed. At this time, in order to prevent the rotation motion around the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the vibration table 112, the vertical Z-axis vibration machine 1 2 6, 1 2 8, 1 3 0 is given the same target signal to each other y (t). In addition, the horizontal Y-axis vibration feeders 1 2 2, 1 2 4 also give the same target signal y (tr) to each other. Based on these target signals y (t), the control unit obtains the high-precision vibration application signal X (t) as described above, and the vibration application signal X (t) is applied to each vibration Add machine 1 2 0, 1 2 2, 124, 126, 128, 130 to add vibration. Therefore, the horizontal state of the vibrating table 12 2 can be maintained without the rotation of the axis around the Z axis. The Central Standard Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed and modified the three-dimensional vibrating table 100, and the vertical Z axis vibrates. In the machines 126, 128, and 130, the displacement feedback signals from the differential transformers 146d to 146f are sent to the calculators 142d to 1 42f, respectively, where they are calculated with the signals sent from the computer 160 as the controller, and Control the vibration table 1 1 2 to move to a certain position. In addition, the horizontal X-axis vibration feeder 1 2 0, the horizontal Y-axis vibration feeder, the paper standard of the general Chinese national standard (CNS> A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) A 45 — A6 B6 205093 V. Invention Description (44) In machines 122 and 124, in addition to the above displacement feedback signals, the load feedback devices 1 3 4 a to 1 3 4 c also send the load feedback signals to the calculators 1 4 2 a to 1 4 2 c, here It is calculated with the signal sent from the computer 160. At this time, the load control and displacement control are adjusted according to the appropriate gain distribution, so in addition to the displacement of the vibration table 1, 12 to a certain position, it can also be prevented Excessive load is placed on the excavation table 112.-In the three-dimensional vibrating table 100 of the sixth embodiment, since the vibration applying machine 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 1 3 0 is used only by the vibration applying rod 1 1 6 a to 1 1 6 f produce displacement, so the amplitude can be set larger. Furthermore, because the vertical Z-axis vibration feeder 126, 128, 130 is provided for the vibration table 112 at the position of each vertex of the triangle In addition to supporting the vibration table 1 1 2 in a balanced manner, the moment of the above transfer function is obtained Even if only one of the vertical Z axis vibration feeders 1 26, 1 28, 1 30 is displaced, the other 2 may remain stationary. (Set more than 4 vibration feeds in the same axis direction) When adding machine, when making one of them produce displacement, it is impossible to keep the other three at rest.) Moreover, if the vertical Z-axis vibration is added to the machine 1 2 6, 1 2 8, 1 3 0 to get the same The output signal, and the horizontal Y-axis vibration feeder 1 2 2, 1 2 4 get the same output signal as the input signal, thereby preventing the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis around the vibration table 1 1 2 Rotation. In terms of controlling the three-dimensional vibration table, by using the inverse matrix of the obtained transfer function matrix, the vibration application state can be controlled with good precision. Since the vibration table only generates displacement by the vibration application bar, so The amplitude can be set to a large paper size, which is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -46 ~ -installed ------ ordered ------ and (please first U4M !: Note on the page and f this page) Printed A6 B6 203093 by R and Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (45) Furthermore, since the three vertical Z-axis vibration applicators are located at the vertices of the triangle relative to the vibration table, in addition to supporting the vibration table with good balance, when calculating the above transfer function matrix, even if only One of the three vertical Z-axis vibration applicators is displaced, and the other two values may remain stationary. Furthermore, if the inverse matrix of the above transfer function matrix is used, if three vertical Z-axis vibration applicators get the same output, or two horizontal Y-axis vibration applicators that can give opposite moments to each other with respect to the shaking table can be given The machine gets the same output as the controller to control, so that the shaker can be controlled in a horizontal state and will not rotate. Therefore, the three-dimensional shaking table can be constructed with only a simple structure of six vibration applicators and transducers, and it can also accurately reproduce earthquakes and other conditions. (Please pay attention to the Mtpie face first, and then the winter page) Order ·-丨 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-47 — This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 public goods )

Claims (1)

A7 205093 B7 C7 D7_ 六、申請專利範圍 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁). 1 . 一種振動賦加裝置，其主要傺對備有呈自由回動 狀被支撑在車體框架之車軸的車輛賦加振動之振動賦加裝 置，其主要特徵包括：對後側之車軸於上下方向賦加振動 之第1振動賦加機，對前側之車軸於上下方向賦加振動之 第2振動賦加機以及對前側之車軸或是後側之車軸之任一 者於前後方向賦加振動之第3振動賦加機。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之振動賦加裝置，上述前 側或是後側之車軸中之任一者，乃經由連桿機構，藉反作 用力治具而限制在前後方向上的移動，而在作為上述第3 振動賦加機之一構成元件的振動賦加棒則附設有荷重撿測 裝置，而此外亦設置有能夠令由該荷重檢測裝置所撿出之 檢出值經常成為一定值般地，隨著第1及第2振動賦加機 的作動.，可控制第3振動賦加機之作動的控制器。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之振動賦加裝置中，在上 述車軸之外周，在自車體框架而延伸之左右連桿臂的内側 部分則分別設有間隔元件，且在該車軸之大略中央部分存 在有振動賦加點。 經濟部中央標竿局R工消費合作杜印製 4 .如申請專利範圍第3項之振動賦加裝置中，傜一 令上述後側之車軸，可經由連桿機構，藉反作用力治具而 限制在前後方向上之移動者，而上述連桿機構，係由具有 適當間隔而被平行配置之左右的連桿臂以及將該些連桿臂 互相連結之橫向構件所構成，上述左右之連捍臂，其彼此 之相對長度可被調整。 5 .如申請專利範圍第4項之振動賦加裝置中，在用; y 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -48 - 81.9.10,000 205093 A7 B7 C7 D7 六、申請專利範圍 於支持上述前側之車軸的左右懸吊構件分別貼設有應變計 〇 , 6 .如申請專利範圍第1項之振動賦加裝置，上述用 於支撑後輪之車軸，可藉由一被配置在該車軸之後方，且 備有自反作用力治具朝前方延伸，而左右具適當間隔地被 配置之平行連桿臂的連動機構，而被支持成可上下自由移 動，此外可藉振動賦加機對上述車軸於上下方向賦加振動 ，而其特徵在於具備有： 在上述機車之座位上部載置有相當於駕駛者之稱重， 而藉自上述反作用力治具朝前方延伸之左右的平行連桿臂 ,將該稱重支持或可在上下自由移動之乘客荷重賦予構造 〇 7 .如申請專利範圍第6項之振動賦加裝置，乃具備 有：在上述機車之座位的上部將相當於乘客之第1稱重與 相當於駕駛者之第2稱重分別錯開配置，而藉左右之平行 的連桿臂，將該些第1,第2稱重互相連結成可上下自由 移動狀，且藉自上述反作用力治具朝前方延伸之左右的平 行連桿臂，將上述第1稱重支持成可上下自由移動狀而構 成之乘客荷重賦予構造。 8 . —種振動賦加裝置之控制方法，係一對可得到實 際行走路面負載之車輛強制地賦加振動之振動賦加裝置之 控制方法，其特徵在於： 藉初始雜訊對車體賦加振動而測量此時之轉移函數， 接著將此時之轉移函數以及由車輛在測試行走時所得到之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐）_ 49 _ 81.9.10,000 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁). -丨裝_ 訂， 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 2050^3 g D7 六、申請專利範团 實際行走資料所得到之用於計測轉移函數之雜訊加以合成 ,而將與藉該雜訊而對車體賦加振動時所得到之車體之振 動資料之各頻率呈對應的位準與實際上之行走資料加以比 較，而判斷其間是否近似，若判斷不近似時，則反復進行 上述一連串的處理環路直到上述兩資料近似至容許範圍為 止，而在上述兩資料近似到容許範圍内時，則決定與轉移 函數測定用之各雜訊呈對應的位準，而藉該轉移函數測定 用雜訊群施加多回的.振動而測量其轉移函數，且以該轉移 函數為基礎，而反復地進行修正直到實際行走資料再現為 止。 9.一種振動賦加裝置之控制方法，其主要是在藉振 動賦加裝置對可得到實際行走路面負載之車輛強制性地賦 予振動之振動賦加裝置中，在求取強制性賦加振動時所使 用的轉移函數Gar (f)時，其主要包括： 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 (請先《讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁> 將事先決定之雜訊與該雜訊輸入至振動賦加裝置而實 施測試振動賦加作業，而由被安裝在車輛之車體振動檢測 器的輸出來求取暫時的轉移函數Ga (f),而演算上述 暫時之轉移函數Ga (f)之逆函數Gb〃（f),對被 安裝在實際行走車輛之車體振動檢測器的輸出信號Y ( t )進行傅立葉轉換，而將信號Y (f)乘上上述逆函數 Gb — (f),而求取對該乘法輸出進行傅立葉逆轉換之 振動賦加信號X ( 0 )的第1工程及； 將在上述第1工程所求得之振動賦加信號X ( 〇 )( t )當作初始值，而將在該振動賦加倍號X ( 〇 ) ( t ) 本紙張尺度適用中囷國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） -50 - 81.9.10,000 經濟部中央揉準局貝工消费合作杜印製 A7 B7 C7 D7 六、申請專利範園 供給至振動賦加裝置而賦加振動時之車體振動檢測器的輸 出，將振動賦加信號依序修正至到逹由傅立葉轉換之信號 Y (n) (f)之绝對值與上述信號Y (f)之絶對值之 差信號E (n) (f)事先所決定之容許誤差範圍内為止 之第2工程及； 藉相對於在上述差信號E (n) (f)進入容許誤差 範圍内時之在上述第2工程所求得之振動賦加信號傅立葉 頻譜之絶對值呈相等分布之雜訊群，來求取轉移函數 Gar (f)之第3工程。 1 〇 .如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制 方法，在第1工程中當作初始值的振動賦加信號，傜由對 由逆函數Gb-; (f)，安全傺數K (0<kSl)與信 號Y ( f )之乘法輸出進行傅立葉轉換而求得。 1 1 .如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制 方法，在第2工程中之振動賦加信號的修正，傜藉在由上 述信號E (n) (f)與逆函數Gb — (f)乘上安全像 數K ( 0 < K各1 )之信號之絶對值等兩者的積，加上對 振動賦加信號進行傅立葉轉換之信號的絶對值，而對該信 號進行傅立葉轉換之信號而進行。 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制 方法，信號Y ( t )傜在實際行走時即將發生懸吊条統與 地面摩擦之前的信號。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制 方法，事先所決定之雜訊為白雜訊（W t i t e η 〇 i s e )。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210>< 297公釐）_51 _ 81.9.10,00( (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _裝· -ΤΓ· 經濟部中央標準居贝工消费合作社印製 A7 205093 b7 C7 -------D7_ 六、申請專利範团 14. 如申請專利範圍第9項之振動賦加裝置之控制 方法，事先所決定之雜訊僳一在要演算轉移函數之頻率範 圍内，傅立葉頻譜之絶對值的分布係與頻率之2次方呈反 比之雜訊。 15. —種振動賦加裝置，其主要係一賦加三次元之 振動賦加裝置特徵包括： 上部載置有對象物之振動台及； 對上述振動台供給信號之1個水平X軸振動賦加機及 9 被配設在三角形之合頂點的位置，而令該振動台作上 下蓮動之3個垂直Z軸振動賦加機及； 被配設在振動器相對於振動台之抵接位置附近的轉換 器及； 自事先所決定之雜訊以及在將該雜訊輸入到振動賦加 裝置而賦加振動之際，來自被安裝在振動台之轉換器群的 輸出而求取轉移函數矩陣，而使用該轉移函數矩陣之逆矩 陣，發出一能賦予産生所希望之振動賦加狀態之信號的控 制部。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297么'蹵）一 52 - 81.9.10,000 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁). 丨裝. 訂A7 205093 B7 C7 D7_ VI. Scope of patent application (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). 1. A vibration-applying device, whose main support is to be supported by the body frame in a free-return form The vibration applying device for applying vibration to the vehicle of the axle includes the first vibration applying machine that applies vibration to the rear axle in the up-down direction and the second vibration applying vibration to the front axle in the up-down direction The machine and the third vibration machine that applies vibration to either the front axle or the rear axle in the front-rear direction. 2. As for the vibration applying device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, any one of the above-mentioned front or rear axles is restricted by the link mechanism and the movement in the front-rear direction by the reaction force fixture, and The vibration applying rod, which is one of the constituent elements of the third vibration applying machine described above, is provided with a load detection device, and in addition, a detection value that can be picked up by the load detection device is often set to a certain value In accordance with the operation of the first and second vibration applying machines, a controller that can control the operation of the third vibration applying machine. 3. As for the vibration applying device of the first item of the patent application scope, on the outer periphery of the above-mentioned axle, the inner parts of the left and right link arms extending from the body frame are provided with spacer elements, respectively, and roughly on the axle Vibration application points exist in the central part. Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Standardization Bureau, R Industry and Consumer Cooperation 4. If the vibration application device of the third item of the patent application, Tai Yi ordered the above-mentioned rear axles, which can be cured by reaction force through the link mechanism Those who are restricted to move in the front-rear direction, and the above-mentioned link mechanism is composed of right and left link arms that are arranged in parallel at an appropriate interval and cross members that connect these link arms to each other. The relative length of the arms can be adjusted. 5. As in the vibration application device of the 4th scope of the patent application, in use; y This paper scale applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -48-81.9.10,000 205093 A7 B7 C7 D7 6. Scope of patent application The strain gauges are attached to the left and right suspension members supporting the front axle, respectively. 6. If the vibration applying device of item 1 of the patent scope is applied, the above axle used to support the rear wheel can be It is supported so that it can move freely up and down by a linkage mechanism that is arranged behind the axle and equipped with a self-reaction force fixture that extends forward and has a parallel link arm with right and left spaces arranged at appropriate intervals. A vibration applying machine can be used to apply vibration to the axle in the up and down direction, and is characterized by having: a weight equivalent to the driver is placed on the seat of the locomotive, and the reaction force fixture is directed forward The left and right parallel link arms extend the weighing support or the passenger load that can move freely up and down to the structure. 7 If the vibration applying device of item 6 of the patent application is equipped with On the upper part of the seat of the above locomotive, the first weight equivalent to the passenger and the second weight equivalent to the driver are staggered, and the first and second weights are weighed by the parallel link arms on the left and right. A passenger load-imparting structure composed of a parallel link arm that is connected to each other so as to be freely movable up and down, and that is supported by the above-mentioned first weighing support into a freely movable up and down state by a left and right parallel link arm extending forward from the reaction force fixture. 8. A control method of a vibration applying device, which is a control method of a pair of vibration applying devices capable of forcibly applying vibration to a vehicle that can obtain actual road load, and is characterized by: applying initial noise to the vehicle body Measure the transfer function at this time by vibration, then apply the transfer function at this time and the original paper scale obtained by the vehicle during the test walking to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 mm) _ 49 _ 81.9 .10,000 (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page).-丨 Installation_Order, A7 2050 ^ 3 g D7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The noise used to measure the transfer function is synthesized, and the frequency corresponding to the vibration data of the vehicle body obtained when the vehicle body is vibrated by the noise is compared with the actual walking data. , And judge whether it is similar between them. If it is not approximate, repeat the above series of processing loops until the two data are approximate to the allowable range. When it is within the allowable range, it is determined that the noise level corresponding to each transfer function measurement noise is determined, and the transfer function measurement noise group is used to apply multiple times of vibration. The transfer function is measured by the transfer function, and the transfer function is used to measure the transfer function. Based on this, the correction is repeated until the actual walking data is reproduced. 9. A control method of a vibration applying device, which is mainly used in a vibration applying device that compulsorily applies vibration to a vehicle that can obtain the actual walking road load through the vibration applying device, When using the transfer function Gar (f), it mainly includes: Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read "Notes on the back and then fill in the nest page"> the pre-determined noise and the The noise is input to the vibration application device to perform the test vibration application operation, and the temporary transfer function Ga (f) is obtained from the output of the vehicle body vibration detector installed in the vehicle, and the temporary transfer function Ga is calculated (f) the inverse function Gb〃 (f), Fourier transforms the output signal Y (t) of the vehicle body vibration detector installed in the actual walking vehicle, and multiplies the signal Y (f) by the above inverse function Gb — (f), the first project to obtain the vibration applying signal X (0) which inverse Fourier transforms the multiplied output; and the vibration applying signal X (〇) (t obtained by the first project above ) As the initial value, and the vibration will be assigned Times X (〇) (t) This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) -50-81.9.10,000 The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Bureau of Customs and Agriculture Cooperative Printed A7 B7 C7 D7 6. The patent application Fanyuan supplies the output of the vehicle body vibration detector when the vibration is applied to the vibration application device, and the vibration application signal is sequentially corrected to the signal Y (n) converted by Fourier The difference signal E (n) (f) between the absolute value of f) and the absolute value of the above-mentioned signal Y (f) The second process up to the allowable error range determined in advance and; n) (f) When the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum of the vibration-applied signal obtained by the above-mentioned second project is equally distributed when entering the allowable error range, to obtain the third of the transfer function Gar (f) Engineering. 1 〇. As the control method of the vibration application device in the ninth item of the patent application, it is regarded as the initial value of the vibration application signal in the first project, and the inverse function is inverse function Gb-; (f), safe The multiplication output of the Ye number K (0 < kSl) and the signal Y (f) is obtained by Fourier transform. 1 1 . For example, the control method of the vibration application device in the ninth patent application, the correction of the vibration application signal in the second project is derived from the above signal E (n) (f) and the inverse function Gb — (f ) Multiplied by the product of the absolute value of the signal of the safety image number K (0 < K each 1) and the like, plus the absolute value of the Fourier transform of the vibration-added signal, and the Fourier transform of the signal The signal is carried out. 1 2. As the control method of the vibration application device of the patent application item 9, the signal Y (t) is about to occur before the friction between the suspension system and the ground occurs during actual walking. 1 3. As for the control method of the vibration applying device in the 9th scope of the patent application, the noise determined in advance is white noise (Wt i t e η 〇 i s e). This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Grade 4 specifications (210 > < 297mm) _51 _ 81.9.10,00 ((please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) _ 装 · -ΤΓ · Economy A7 205093 b7 C7 ------- D7_ printed by the Central Standard Jubei Consumer Cooperative. VI. Patent application group 14. The control method of the vibration-applying device as specified in item 9 of the patent application is determined in advance Noise—In the frequency range where the transfer function is to be calculated, the distribution of the absolute value of the Fourier spectrum is inversely proportional to the power of the second power of the frequency. 15. —A vibration-applying device, which is mainly one plus three times The features of Yuan's vibration applying device include: a vibrating table on which the object is placed; and a horizontal X-axis vibrating machine and 9 which are provided with signals to the above-mentioned vibrating table and 9 are arranged at the position of the apex of the triangle, and Three vertical Z-axis vibrating machines for making the vibrating table move up and down; and a converter and a converter arranged near the abutment position of the vibrator with respect to the vibrating table; The noise input is added to the vibration When vibration is applied, the transfer function matrix is obtained from the output of the converter group installed on the shaker, and the inverse matrix of the transfer function matrix is used to send a signal that gives the desired vibration application state. The control section of this paper. This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 湵) 1: 52-81.9.10,000 (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). 丨 Install. Order