TW202409412A - A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise - Google Patents
A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW202409412A TW202409412A TW111131812A TW111131812A TW202409412A TW 202409412 A TW202409412 A TW 202409412A TW 111131812 A TW111131812 A TW 111131812A TW 111131812 A TW111131812 A TW 111131812A TW 202409412 A TW202409412 A TW 202409412A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- turbine
- channel
- flow
- blades
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 328
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001363 water suppression through gradient tailored excitation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 20
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種能進行排洪灌溉與水力發電的水輪機系統以及水輪機，尤指具高效率、低噪音能進行排洪灌溉與水力發電的水輪機系統以及水輪機。The present invention relates to a water turbine system and a water turbine capable of performing flood drainage irrigation and hydroelectric power generation, and particularly to a water turbine system and a water turbine capable of performing flood drainage irrigation and hydroelectric power generation with high efficiency and low noise.
小水力發電可以安裝的地點包含農業灌渠圳路系統、河流、伏流，例如安裝於攔沙壩、渠道水流路徑、或是伏流水源等處，小水力發電是目前已知對環境與生態負面影響最小的發電方式，其中發電裝置主要是採用如水輪機的機構作為動力來發電。Locations where small hydropower can be installed include agricultural irrigation canal systems, rivers, and undercurrents. For example, small hydropower can be installed at check dams, channel water paths, or undercurrent water sources. Small hydropower is currently known to have the least negative impact on the environment and ecology. A power generation method, in which the power generation device mainly uses a mechanism such as a hydraulic turbine as power to generate electricity.
又農業灌溉渠道中，除了以水輪機為重要的小水力發電裝置外，也能使灌溉渠道維持排洪灌溉的功能。而渠道的水流狀態依現場地形可分為平流型以及落差型，過去在平流型水流狀態的水輪機，因為水流流速平穩常會有不易發電的問題，而落差型水流則會有重力水流衝擊水輪機葉片時，因為水流加壓給水輪機葉片的強大反作用力，會有噪音過大的問題，若農田附近有農舍或住家，則會因為過大的噪音造成附近住戶生活的困擾。In addition to the important small hydroelectric generating devices in agricultural irrigation channels, water turbines can also maintain the function of flood discharge and irrigation. The water flow state of the channel can be divided into horizontal flow type and vertical flow type according to the local terrain. In the past, water turbines in horizontal flow state often had the problem of difficulty in generating electricity because of the stable water flow velocity. When gravity water flow impacts the water turbine blades, the water flow pressurizes the water turbine blades with strong reaction force, which will cause excessive noise. If there are farmhouses or houses near the farmland, the excessive noise will cause trouble to the lives of nearby residents.
此外，當水輪機要維修時，往往需要暫時中斷灌溉渠道的排洪灌溉的功能，甚為不便。In addition, when the water turbine needs to be repaired, it is often necessary to temporarily interrupt the flood drainage and irrigation function of the irrigation channel, which is very inconvenient.
因此，為了解決農田水利中流速不穩、無法控制匯流走向、噪音、以及維修時中斷灌溉等問題，有必要發展理想的技術方式，以一種具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統以及水輪機，來解決上述問題。Therefore, in order to solve the problems of unstable flow speed, inability to control the confluence direction, noise, and interruption of irrigation during maintenance in farmland water conservancy, it is necessary to develop an ideal technical method to solve the problem with a high-efficiency, low-noise water turbine system and water turbine. the above issues.
本發明之目的在提供一種具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統以及水輪機，除了能持續進行排洪灌溉的功能之外，更具有高效率、低噪音的發電功能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, low-noise hydraulic turbine system and a hydraulic turbine that, in addition to the function of continuous flood drainage and irrigation, also have the function of high-efficiency, low-noise power generation.
本發明係關於一種具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統，其中水輪機系統包括導水道、以及水輪機。The invention relates to a water turbine system with high efficiency and low noise, wherein the water turbine system includes a water conduit and a water turbine.
在灌溉渠道流道兩側分別設置隔牆以形成導水道並導向水流，導水道抬升跌水區水面，使導水道入水口的水面與導水道出水口的水面由肉眼所看幾乎成同一水平面或其他水平面。Partition walls are set up on both sides of the irrigation channel to form a water channel and guide the water flow. The water channel raises the water level in the waterfall area so that the water surface at the water inlet of the water channel and the water surface at the water outlet of the water channel are almost at the same level or other levels when viewed by the naked eye.
水輪機具有軸心及複數個葉片，葉片連接自軸心並鄰接於導水道出水口，且本發明精神所在就是導水道中水流的方向係朝向軸心方向，相較習知的水輪機安裝在跌水區的較低下處，流水滑落是正面衝擊葉片而完全不朝向軸心的設計模式，有顯著的不同，因此本發明的水輪機系統可以使水流自水輪機的葉片區域的高處流向低處，會使通過水輪機葉片區域的行程大幅增長，也使水流同時接觸的葉片較多，因而能作為發電的動能也會較多。The hydraulic turbine has an axis and a plurality of blades. The blades are connected to the axis and adjacent to the water outlet of the aqueduct. The spirit of the present invention is that the direction of the water flow in the aqueduct is towards the axis. Compared with the conventional hydraulic turbine installed on the water drop At the lower part of the area, the water slides down, which is a design pattern that impacts the blades head-on and does not face the axis at all. Therefore, the turbine system of the present invention can make the water flow from high to low in the blade area of the turbine, which will The stroke through the turbine blade area is greatly increased, and the water flow contacts more blades at the same time, so more kinetic energy can be used to generate electricity.
水輪機的該等葉片可以是複數個小葉片，為相互錯位設置於軸心上，因此當水流以重力接觸與推送葉片時，不僅能量的傳輸是較為連續的，且水流於最初接觸葉片時的流向角度為幾乎與葉片平行，在幾乎水流與葉片間幾乎無反作用力的狀況下，發出的噪音為最低。The blades of the hydraulic turbine can be a plurality of small blades, which are offset from each other on the axis. Therefore, when the water flow contacts and pushes the blades with gravity, not only the energy transmission is relatively continuous, but also the flow direction of the water flow when it first contacts the blades is The angle is almost parallel to the blades, and the noise is the lowest when there is almost no reaction force between the water flow and the blades.
補充說明的是，當水流因導水道拉高出水位置流經流水輪機時，所經歷水輪機葉片區域的行程大幅增長，當有效作用的葉片數增加，即接觸到水流的葉片數量增加時，可以有效的提高水輪機輸出給發電用的功率，以達到高效率水力發電的目的。It should be noted that when water flows through the turbine due to the water outlet being raised by the aqueduct, the distance it passes through the turbine blade area is greatly increased. When the number of effective blades increases, that is, the number of blades in contact with the water flow increases, the power output of the turbine for power generation can be effectively increased, thereby achieving the purpose of high-efficiency hydroelectric power generation.
水輪機系統中導水道自入水口至出水口為流道截面積具有漸縮的結構設計，因為渠道固定寬度時水流平穩，於水流量不大時流速會過於緩慢，因此採用漸縮設計可以縮小面積並集中水流，進而增加流速使水流在經過入水口後更迅速的匯流到出水口，並有效推出於出水口接觸葉片，接續再以重力施加葉片以轉動水輪機。The water channel in the turbine system has a gradual structural design with a flow channel cross-sectional area from the water inlet to the water outlet. When the channel width is fixed, the water flow is stable, and when the water flow is not large, the flow rate will be too slow. Therefore, the gradual design can reduce the area and concentrate the water flow, thereby increasing the flow rate so that the water flow converges to the outlet more quickly after passing through the water inlet, and is effectively pushed out to the outlet to contact the blades, and then gravity is applied to the blades to rotate the turbine.
當水流太大時，可以打開水閘來穩定出水的水流，水流會通過水閘流向導水溢水牆外側的溢流道，不通過葉片而直接流到下游的灌溉渠道中。若一時有過大的水流驟然來臨，水流高度因高過導水溢水牆，會直接溢水越過導水溢水牆而進入溢流道，亦會避開導水罩及水輪機流到下游的灌溉渠道中，以避免衝擊損壞導水罩及水輪機。When the water flow is too large, the sluice can be opened to stabilize the outflow. The water will flow through the sluice to the overflow channel outside the water guide overflow wall, and will flow directly to the downstream irrigation channel without passing through the blades. If an excessively large flow of water suddenly comes, because the water flow height is higher than the water diversion overflow wall, the water will directly overflow over the water diversion overflow wall and enter the overflow channel. It will also avoid the water diversion cover and turbine and flow to the downstream irrigation channel to avoid impact. Damage the water guide cover and turbine.
如前述，水輪機系統中導水道入水口的兩側分別具有水閘與溢流道，當灌溉渠道中的水流太大時可以打開水閘控制水流進入溢流道，並使過量的水流避開水輪機而返回灌溉渠道的流道。兩側的水閘可以是分別由獨立的開關來控制，也可以是由一個開關來控制兩側水閘，並且水閘也可以設計為雙向開啟。As mentioned above, there are sluices and overflow channels on both sides of the water inlet of the aqueduct in the turbine system. When the water flow in the irrigation channel is too large, the sluice gate can be opened to control the water flow into the overflow channel, and the excess water flow can avoid the turbine and return The flow path of an irrigation canal. The water gates on both sides can be controlled by independent switches, or one switch can control the water gates on both sides, and the water gates can also be designed to open in both directions.
溢流道位於隔牆及導水溢水牆之間，導水溢水牆的至少部分頂緣低於隔牆的頂緣，因此當導水道中水流高過導水溢水牆時，會溢出至導水溢水牆與隔牆中間的溢流道，此外，當水閘開啟時，也會有部分水流會經過溢流道，進入溢流道的水流會避開導水罩及水輪機，後續並返回灌溉渠道的流道中。The overflow channel is located between the partition wall and the water conduction overflow wall. At least part of the top edge of the water conduction overflow wall is lower than the top edge of the partition wall. Therefore, when the water flow in the water conduction channel exceeds the water conduction overflow wall, it will overflow to the water conduction overflow wall and the partition wall. There is a overflow channel in the middle of the wall. In addition, when the water gate is opened, some water will pass through the overflow channel. The water entering the overflow channel will avoid the water guide cover and turbine, and then return to the flow channel of the irrigation channel.
水輪機系統更進一步具有導水罩，導水罩兩側分別抵接於導水溢水牆，且導水罩包覆至少部份水輪機，使有效受重力影響能推送葉片的水流，例如當軸心高度和導水道等高，葉片有效受力的行程流經通過水輪機葉片區域的行程大致為水輪機圓周的四分之一。意即，當導水道抬高水流時，水輪機半徑接近跌水區高度時，葉片有效受力的行程流經通過水輪機葉片區域的行程為水輪機圓周的四分之一。The water turbine system further has a water guide cover. Both sides of the water guide cover are respectively in contact with the water guide overflow wall, and the water guide cover covers at least part of the water turbine, so that the water flow of the blades can be pushed effectively under the influence of gravity, such as when the height of the axis center and the water guide channel, etc. High, the effective force stroke of the blades flowing through the turbine blade area is approximately one quarter of the turbine circumference. That is to say, when the water conduit raises the water flow and the turbine radius approaches the height of the water drop zone, the effective force stroke of the blades flowing through the turbine blade area is one-quarter of the turbine circumference.
進一步說明，本發明也是一種具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統，能進行排洪灌溉以及水力發電，水輪機系統包括導水道、以及水輪機。To further explain, the present invention is also a high-efficiency, low-noise water turbine system that can be used for flood drainage, irrigation, and hydroelectric power generation. The water turbine system includes a water channel and a water turbine.
導水道分別於流道兩側設置隔牆，並抬升跌水區水面使導水道入水口的水面與導水道出水口的水面由肉眼所看幾乎成同一水平面或其他水平面，又完全與重力垂直又會使流速過慢，因此需要一些傾斜幅度可供水流穩定經過。The water conduit is provided with partition walls on both sides of the flow channel, and the water surface in the drop zone is raised so that the water surface at the water conduit inlet and the water surface at the water conduit outlet are almost the same horizontal plane or other horizontal planes as seen by the naked eye, and are completely perpendicular to gravity and The flow rate will be too slow, so some inclination is needed for the water to pass stably.
再進一步說明，本發明也是一種水輪機。其中水輪機包括軸心結構、以及複數個葉片。水輪機的複數個葉片連接自軸心並鄰接於導水道出水口，當水流從導水道出水口流出後，會往軸心結構的軸心方向前進，因此水流自高處的出水口流向低處的複數個葉片，會使通過水輪機葉片區域的行程大幅增長，如軸心高度和導水道等高時，葉片有效受力的行程約為水輪機的四分之一圓周長，又水流能接觸更多個葉片，因而能作為發電的動能也會較多，同時水流往軸心方向前進，也可以減少葉片撞擊水面的噪音。To further explain, the present invention is also a water turbine. The water turbine includes a shaft structure and a plurality of blades. A plurality of blades of the turbine are connected from the axis and adjacent to the water outlet of the water conduit. When the water flows out from the water conduit outlet, it will advance toward the axis of the axis structure, so the water flows from the high outlet to the low water outlet. A plurality of blades will greatly increase the stroke through the turbine blade area. For example, when the height of the axis and the water conduit are the same, the effective force-bearing stroke of the blade is about a quarter of the circumference of the turbine, and the water flow can contact more places. The blades will therefore have more kinetic energy that can be used to generate electricity. At the same time, the water flows forward in the direction of the axis, which can also reduce the noise of the blades hitting the water surface.
其中軸心結構可以連接複數個葉片，而複數個葉片以相互錯位設置於軸心結構上，即在水輪機中位於不同水流行程位置的相鄰葉片以相互錯位設置於軸心結構上。The axial structure can connect a plurality of blades, and the plurality of blades are arranged on the axial structure in a mutually offset manner. That is, adjacent blades located at different water flow stroke positions in the turbine are arranged on the axial structure in a mutually offset manner.
水輪機中軸心結構更包含軸心、複數個葉片支架、以及支撐架，複數個葉片是架設於複數個葉片支架上，而複數個葉片支架軸接於軸心上以支撐整個軸心結構，又支撐架軸接軸心的兩端以架設水輪機於渠道間，此水輪機在一定水量下能穩固於渠道內。The central axis structure of the water turbine further includes a shaft, a plurality of blade brackets, and a support frame. The plurality of blades are mounted on the plurality of blade brackets, and the plurality of blade brackets are axially connected to the shaft to support the entire central axis structure. The support frame is axially connected to both ends of the shaft to mount the water turbine in the channel. The water turbine can be stably mounted in the channel under a certain amount of water.
因此，利用本發明所提供具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統以及水輪機，藉由架設於跌水區頂部的導水道與局部包覆於水輪機外部的導水罩導，能導引水流經過更多的葉片，不但可以高效率的提高水輪機輸出供給發電用的功率，交錯設計的葉片可使水流傳遞至水輪機的能量連續和緩，導水道出水口流出的水流所接觸葉片的角度，可以減少水流衝擊葉片的反作用力所造成的噪音，並且藉由溢流道的設計，於豪雨大水來臨時不需要停止水輪機運作，於維修水輪機時，也不須中斷灌溉渠道的水流，能以小水力發電的方式解決電力能源的問題。Therefore, by utilizing the high-efficiency, low-noise turbine system and turbine provided by the present invention, the water can be guided to pass through more blades through the water guide channel installed on the top of the water drop zone and the water guide cover partially covering the outside of the turbine, which can not only efficiently increase the power output of the turbine for power generation, but also the staggered blades can make the energy transmitted by the water flow to the turbine continuous and slow. The angle at which the water flowing out of the water outlet of the water guide channel contacts the blades can reduce the noise caused by the reaction force of the water flow impacting the blades. In addition, through the design of the overflow channel, there is no need to stop the operation of the turbine when heavy rain and floods come, and there is no need to interrupt the water flow in the irrigation channel when repairing the turbine, so that the problem of power energy can be solved in the form of small hydropower generation.
關於本發明之優點與精神可以藉由以下的發明詳述及所附圖式得到進一步的瞭解。The advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood through the following detailed description of the invention and the attached drawings.
本發明係關於一種具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統以及水輪機，除了能持續進行排洪灌溉的功能之外，更具有高效率、低噪音的發電功能。The present invention relates to a high-efficiency, low-noise water turbine system and water turbine, which not only can continuously discharge flood water for irrigation, but also has a high-efficiency, low-noise power generation function.
請參閱圖1，圖1是本發明水輪機系統10的示意圖。水輪機系統10包括導水道20、導水罩40、以及水輪機30。Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the water turbine system 10 of the present invention. The water turbine system 10 includes a water guide channel 20 , a water guide cover 40 , and a water turbine 30 .
導水道20具有灌溉溢洪及保護機組的功能，在灌溉渠道流道兩側分別設置隔牆22以形成導水道20並導向水流，導水道20抬升了跌水區90的水面，使導水道20入水口60的水面與導水道20出水口62的水面由肉眼所看幾乎成同一水平面。接續，水流經過出水口62後，水流會被推往水輪機30，並藉由重力推動水輪機30的葉片34，由於導水罩40包覆部分水輪機30，因此可以使從導水道20往出水口62的水流更集中施壓給水輪機30的葉片34。The aqueduct 20 has the functions of irrigation overflow and protection unit. Partition walls 22 are respectively provided on both sides of the flow channel of the irrigation channel to form the aqueduct 20 and guide the water flow. The aqueduct 20 raises the water surface of the drop zone 90 so that the aqueduct 20 The water surface of the water inlet 60 and the water surface of the water outlet 62 of the water conduit 20 are almost at the same level when viewed with the naked eye. Continuing, after the water flow passes through the water outlet 62, the water flow will be pushed to the water turbine 30, and the blades 34 of the water turbine 30 will be pushed by gravity. Since the water guide cover 40 covers part of the water turbine 30, the water flow from the water guide channel 20 to the water outlet 62 can be The water flow exerts more concentrated pressure on the blades 34 of the turbine 30 .
而水輪機30具有軸心結構32，軸心結構32包含軸心31、以及複數個葉片34，葉片34連接自軸心31並鄰接於導水道20出水口62，且因為導水道20抬升跌水區90水面，所以當水流從導水道20出水口62流出後，會慣性地往軸心結構32的軸心31方向前進，此時水流撞擊葉片34的反作用力最小，噪音因而大幅減少。此外，水流自高處的出水口62流向水輪機30的最低處，會使水流通過水輪機30葉片34區域的行程大幅增長，行程約為水輪機30的四分之一圓周長，因為水流能接觸更多個葉片34，讓有效受力的葉片34數量提高，因而能高效能的增加發電動能。The turbine 30 has an axis structure 32, which includes an axis 31 and a plurality of blades 34. The blades 34 are connected to the axis 31 and are adjacent to the outlet 62 of the water channel 20. Since the water channel 20 raises the water level of the drop zone 90, when the water flows out of the outlet 62 of the water channel 20, it will inertially move toward the axis 31 of the axis structure 32. At this time, the reaction force of the water flow hitting the blades 34 is minimal, and the noise is greatly reduced. In addition, the water flows from the high water outlet 62 to the lowest point of the turbine 30, which greatly increases the distance the water flows through the blades 34 of the turbine 30, and the distance is about one-fourth of the circumference of the turbine 30. Because the water flow can contact more blades 34, the number of blades 34 that are effectively stressed is increased, thereby efficiently increasing the kinetic energy of power generation.
請參閱圖2A及圖2B，圖2A 是導水道20中水閘28打開示意圖；圖2B 是導水道20中水閘28關閉示意圖。水輪機系統10中導水道20又可包含水閘28、導水溢水牆26、溢流道24、以及隔牆22。2A and 2B, FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing the water gate 28 in the water channel 20 being opened; FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram showing the water gate 28 in the water channel 20 being closed. The water channel 20 in the water turbine system 10 may further include a water gate 28, a water channel overflow wall 26, an overflow channel 24, and a partition wall 22.
水輪機系統10中，自導水道20入水口60至出水口62為流道截面積漸縮的結構設計，因為渠道固定寬度時水流會過於平穩，於水流量不大時流速會過於緩慢，因此導水道20採用漸縮設計可以縮小出水口62面積並集中水流，進而增加流速，使水流在進入入水口60後會更迅速的匯流到出水口62。In the turbine system 10, the cross-sectional area of the water channel 20 from the water inlet 60 to the water outlet 62 is a structural design. This is because when the channel width is fixed, the water flow will be too stable, and when the water flow is not large, the flow rate will be too slow. Therefore, the water channel 20 adopts a gradual design to reduce the area of the water outlet 62 and concentrate the water flow, thereby increasing the flow rate, so that the water will converge to the water outlet 62 more quickly after entering the water inlet 60.
導水道20入水口60兩側分別具有水閘28與溢流道24，當灌溉渠道中的水流太大或是要維修水輪機30時，可以打開水閘28控制水流進入溢流道24，並使過量的水流避開水輪機30而於下游返回灌溉渠道的流道。兩側的水閘28可以是分別由獨立的開關來控制，也可以是由一個開關來控制兩側水閘28，並且水閘28也可以設計為雙向開啟。There are sluices 28 and overflow channels 24 on both sides of the water inlet 60 of the water diversion channel 20. When the water flow in the irrigation channel is too large or the turbine 30 needs to be repaired, the sluice gate 28 can be opened to control the water flow into the overflow channel 24, and allow the excess water to flow into the overflow channel 24. The water flow avoids the turbine 30 and returns to the flow channel of the irrigation channel downstream. The water gates 28 on both sides can be controlled by independent switches, or one switch can control the water gates 28 on both sides, and the water gates 28 can also be designed to be opened in both directions.
溢流道24位於隔牆22及導水溢水牆26之間，導水溢水牆26的至少部分頂緣會低於隔牆22的頂緣，因此當導水道20中水流高過導水溢水牆26時，會溢出至導水溢水牆26與隔牆22中間的溢流道24，此外，當水閘28開啟時，也會有部分水流會經過溢流道24，進入溢流道24的水流會避開導水罩40及水輪機30，後續並返回灌溉渠道的流道中。The overflow channel 24 is located between the partition wall 22 and the water diversion overflow wall 26. At least part of the top edge of the water diversion overflow wall 26 is lower than the top edge of the partition wall 22. Therefore, when the water flow in the water diversion channel 20 is higher than the water diversion overflow wall 26, it will overflow to the overflow channel 24 between the water diversion overflow wall 26 and the partition wall 22. In addition, when the water gate 28 is opened, part of the water flow will pass through the overflow channel 24. The water flow entering the overflow channel 24 will avoid the water diversion cover 40 and the turbine 30, and then return to the flow channel of the irrigation channel.
水輪機系統10更進一步具有導水罩40，導水罩40包覆部分水輪機30以外，導水罩40兩側分別抵接於導水溢水牆26，使水流流經出水口62後，藉由導水罩40匯集水流，受有效重力影響的水流能推送水輪機30的葉片34，水流流經通過水輪機30葉片34區域的行程大致為水輪機圓周的四分之一。The water turbine system 10 further has a water guide cover 40. The water guide cover 40 covers part of the water turbine 30. Both sides of the water guide cover 40 are respectively abutted against the water guide overflow wall 26, so that the water flows through the water outlet 62 and is collected by the water guide cover 40. , the water flow affected by effective gravity can push the blades 34 of the water turbine 30, and the stroke of the water flow through the area of the blades 34 of the water turbine 30 is approximately one quarter of the circumference of the water turbine.
又透過支撐架38可以架設水輪機30於渠道中，因此當水流通過導水道20流往水輪機30時，在流速一定程度下水輪機30可以穩固支撐於渠道中。The water turbine 30 can be set up in the channel through the support frame 38. Therefore, when the water flows to the water turbine 30 through the water conduit 20, the water turbine 30 can be stably supported in the channel at a certain flow rate.
請參閱圖3，圖3是導水罩40示意圖。如前述所說，水輪機系統中具有導水罩40，導水罩40兩側分別抵接於導水溢水牆26，導水罩40包覆至少部份的水輪機30外側，且導水罩40底部鄰靠在跌水區90底部的流道中。Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the water guide cover 40. As mentioned above, there is a water guide cover 40 in the water turbine system. Both sides of the water guide cover 40 are respectively abutted against the water guide overflow wall 26. The water guide cover 40 covers at least part of the outside of the water turbine 30, and the bottom of the water guide cover 40 is adjacent to the water drop wall 26. In the flow channel at the bottom of area 90.
當水流經過出水口62後，水流透過導水罩40集中水流往水輪機30流動，水流受重力可以推動水輪機30的多個葉片34，自水輪機30葉片34初期受水沖擊力及重力處至底部大約經歷水輪機30圓周的四分之一行程，因此水流流經的葉片34區域的行程較習知變長，水流有效推動的葉片34也隨之增多。When the water flows through the water outlet 62, the water flows through the water guide cover 40 to concentrate the water flow to the turbine 30. The gravity of the water flow can push the multiple blades 34 of the turbine 30. From the initial point when the blades 34 of the turbine 30 receive the water impact force and gravity to the bottom, it takes about A quarter of the stroke of the circumference of the turbine 30, so the stroke of the blade 34 area through which the water flows is longer than conventional, and the number of blades 34 effectively pushed by the water flow also increases.
又因為導水罩40包覆部分水輪機30的外側，底部又鄰靠在跌水區90底部的流道中，進而可以隔離葉片34轉動接觸到水面時所發出的聲響，更改善了隔音降噪的效果。Because the water guide cover 40 covers part of the outer side of the turbine 30 and the bottom is adjacent to the flow channel at the bottom of the drop zone 90, the sound generated when the blades 34 rotate and touch the water surface can be isolated, thereby improving the effect of sound insulation and noise reduction.
請參閱圖4，圖4是水輪機30結構示意圖。水輪機30包括軸心結構32、支撐架38、以及複數個葉片34。Please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic turbine 30. The water turbine 30 includes a shaft structure 32 , a support frame 38 , and a plurality of blades 34 .
軸心結構32更包含軸心31及複數個葉片支架36，複數個葉片支架36軸接在軸心31上，而相鄰葉片支架36具有兩個支架連接桿，可增加葉片支架36的強度以更穩定軸心結構32，又複數個葉片34裝設在葉片支架36上，並且複數個葉片34以相互錯位的方式設置於軸心結構32上，意即在水輪機30中位於不同水流行程位置的相鄰葉片34是為相互錯位設置，因此當水流受重力推進且施壓給葉片34時，複數個葉片34會連續的受力使輸出功率更連貫，不僅能量傳遞較為連續，噪音也會大幅減小。The axis structure 32 further includes an axis 31 and a plurality of blade brackets 36. The plurality of blade brackets 36 are axially connected to the axis 31, and adjacent blade brackets 36 have two bracket connecting rods, which can increase the strength of the blade brackets 36. To make the axis structure 32 more stable, a plurality of blades 34 are installed on the blade bracket 36, and the blades 34 are arranged on the axis structure 32 in a mutually offset manner, which means that the blades 34 are located at different water flow stroke positions in the turbine 30. Adjacent blades 34 are arranged to be offset from each other. Therefore, when the water flow is pushed by gravity and exerts pressure on the blades 34, the plurality of blades 34 will be continuously stressed to make the output power more coherent. Not only will the energy transfer be more continuous, but the noise will also be greatly reduced. Small.
傳統設計旋轉葉片會垂直撞擊水面產生強大反作用力會發出巨響，但由於本實施例中，不僅出水口62處的水流幾乎以平行方向與葉片34接觸，反作用力為最小，且複數個葉片34為錯開排列的方式，使水流撞擊複數個葉片34較為連續，進而減少單次反作用力以達到降噪效果。In conventional designs, rotating blades will vertically hit the water surface to generate a strong reaction force and make a loud noise. However, in this embodiment, not only does the water flow at the water outlet 62 contact the blades 34 in an almost parallel direction, minimizing the reaction force, but also the plurality of blades 34 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the water flow hits the plurality of blades 34 more continuously, thereby reducing the single reaction force to achieve a noise reduction effect.
而對照傳統水輪機30的使用模式，於葉片34壞掉時，需要停止灌溉渠道的水流並拆除整個水輪機30進行修繕，由於本發明是複數個小葉片34組成，且導水道20中有溢流道24的設計，因此若於葉片34壞掉時，可不影響灌溉渠道水流的狀況下將水導向溢流道24，並直接拆卸受損的葉片34且直接於渠道中進行修繕工作，極具方便性與實用性。Compared with the use mode of the traditional water turbine 30, when the blade 34 is broken, it is necessary to stop the water flow in the irrigation channel and dismantle the entire water turbine 30 for repair. Since the present invention is composed of multiple small blades 34, and there is an overflow channel in the water conduit 20 24 design, so if the blade 34 is broken, the water can be directed to the overflow channel 24 without affecting the water flow in the irrigation channel, and the damaged blade 34 can be directly disassembled and repaired directly in the channel, which is very convenient. and practicality.
支撐架38軸接軸心31的兩端以架設水輪機30於渠道中，因此水輪機30在流速一定程度下可以穩固支撐於渠道中。The support frame 38 is axially connected to both ends of the shaft 31 to set up the turbine 30 in the channel, so that the turbine 30 can be stably supported in the channel under a certain flow rate.
請參閱圖5，圖5是水輪機30中有效葉片34示意圖。當水流80通過導水道20匯流到位於導水罩40內的水輪機30時，水輪機30會因為重力水流80接觸到複數個葉片34而轉動水輪機30，當有效作用的葉片34數量增加，即接觸到水流80的葉片34數量增加時，可有效的提高水輪機30輸出給發電用的功率，以達到高效率水力發電的目的。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the effective blades 34 in the hydraulic turbine 30 . When the water flow 80 merges into the water turbine 30 located in the water guide cover 40 through the water conduit 20, the water turbine 30 will rotate because the gravity water flow 80 contacts a plurality of blades 34. When the number of effective blades 34 increases, that is, the water turbine 30 comes into contact with the water flow. When the number of blades 34 of 80 is increased, the power output by the hydraulic turbine 30 for power generation can be effectively increased to achieve the purpose of high-efficiency hydropower generation.
因此，利用本發明所提供具高效率、低噪音的水輪機系統10以及水輪機30，藉由架設於跌水區90頂部的導水道20與局部包覆於水輪機30外部的導水罩40導，能導引水流經過更多的葉片34，不但可以高效率的提高水輪機30輸出供給發電用的功率，交錯設計的葉片34可使水流傳遞至水輪機30的能量連續和緩，導水道20出水口62流出的水流所接觸葉片34的角度，可以減少水流衝擊葉片34的反作用力所造成的噪音，並且藉由溢流道24的設計，於豪雨大水來臨時不需要停止水輪機30運作，於維修水輪機30時，也不須中斷灌溉渠道的水流，能以小水力發電的方式解決電力能源的問題。Therefore, by utilizing the water turbine system 10 and the water turbine 30 with high efficiency and low noise provided by the present invention, through the water conduit 20 erected on the top of the water drop zone 90 and the water conduit cover 40 partially covering the outside of the water turbine 30, water can be guided. Diverting water through more blades 34 can not only efficiently increase the power output of the turbine 30 for power generation, but the staggered design of the blades 34 can continuously and moderately transfer the energy of the water flow to the turbine 30. The water flow out of the outlet 62 of the water guide 20 The angle of the contacting blades 34 can reduce the noise caused by the reaction force of the water flow impacting the blades 34, and through the design of the overflow channel 24, there is no need to stop the operation of the turbine 30 when heavy rains and floods come. When repairing the turbine 30, There is no need to interrupt the flow of water in irrigation channels, and the power energy problem can be solved through small hydropower generation.
藉由以上較佳具體實施例之詳述，係希望能更加清楚描述本發明之特徵與精神，而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實施例來對本發明之範疇加以限制。相反地，其目的是希望能涵蓋各種改變及具相等性的安排於本發明所欲申請之專利範圍的範疇內。The above detailed description of the preferred specific embodiments is intended to more clearly describe the features and spirit of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention by the preferred specific embodiments disclosed above. On the contrary, the purpose is to cover various changes and arrangements with equivalents within the scope of the patent application for the present invention.
10:水輪機系統 20:導水道 22:隔牆 24:溢流道 26:導水溢水牆 28:水閘 30:水輪機 31:軸心 32:軸心結構 34:葉片 36:葉片支架 38:支撐架 40:導水罩 60:入水口 62:出水口 80:水流 90:跌水區 10: Turbine system 20: Water channel 22: Partition wall 24: Overflow channel 26: Water channel overflow wall 28: Water gate 30: Turbine 31: Axis 32: Axis structure 34: Blade 36: Blade bracket 38: Support frame 40: Water guide cover 60: Water inlet 62: Water outlet 80: Water flow 90: Water drop zone
圖1 是本發明水輪機系統的示意圖； 圖2A 是導水道中水閘打開示意圖； 圖2B 是導水道中水閘關閉示意圖； 圖3 是導水罩示意圖； 圖4 是水輪機結構示意圖；以及 圖5 是水輪機中有效葉片示意圖。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the water turbine system of the present invention; Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the water gate in the water channel being opened; Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the water gate in the water channel being closed; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the water guide cover; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the water turbine structure; and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the effective blades in the water turbine.
10:水輪機系統 10: Water turbine system
20:導水道 20:Aqueduct
22:隔牆 22:Partition wall
30:水輪機 30: Turbine
31:軸心 31: Axis
32:軸心結構 32: Axial structure
34:葉片 34: blade
40:導水罩 40: Water guide cover
60:入水口 60: Water inlet
62:出水口 62: Water outlet
90:跌水區 90: Waterfall area
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111131812A TWI817671B (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111131812A TWI817671B (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TWI817671B TWI817671B (en) | 2023-10-01 |
| TW202409412A true TW202409412A (en) | 2024-03-01 |
Family
ID=89857852
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111131812A TWI817671B (en) | 2022-08-24 | 2022-08-24 | A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI817671B (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61175577U (en) * | 1985-04-23 | 1986-11-01 | ||
| JP4817471B1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2011-11-16 | 裕二 海野 | Hydroelectric generator |
| CN103696898A (en) * | 2014-01-04 | 2014-04-02 | 李理 | Double-wheel driving wheel of waterwheel |
-
2022
- 2022-08-24 TW TW111131812A patent/TWI817671B/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI817671B (en) | 2023-10-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10041468B2 (en) | Low-head and high flow water turbine machine | |
| US20150033722A1 (en) | Turbine system for generating power from a flow of liquid, and related systems and methods | |
| US10167844B2 (en) | Linear pelton turbine | |
| US10527021B2 (en) | Hydraulic turbine | |
| CN108350856A (en) | The hydraulic turbine | |
| JP2013007376A (en) | Hydraulic turbine power generation unit | |
| CN107237718A (en) | A kind of multi-stage impeller tumbler for absorbing tide energy | |
| KR100942372B1 (en) | Hydro-electric power apparatus | |
| TWI817671B (en) | A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise | |
| CN109441691A (en) | A kind of draft tube band cowling panel Francis turbine | |
| US20190242354A1 (en) | Linear pelton turbine | |
| CN113175406B (en) | Parent fish type through-flow turbine | |
| CN114458518A (en) | High-efficient water kinetic energy carousel formula generating set | |
| CN210289992U (en) | Bent pipe type runner and multi-nozzle water turbine thereof | |
| JP6464492B2 (en) | Small hydro turbine | |
| CN111456882A (en) | Progressive water turbine | |
| CN111622884A (en) | River power generation device with garbage screening effect | |
| CN110777741A (en) | Compromise sluice of electricity generation | |
| RU2162914C2 (en) | Damless hydro-electric station with intermediate reservoir | |
| KR101697455B1 (en) | Small hydro power generator | |
| TW202321567A (en) | Small hydro having inner-overflow trough in the water channel | |
| WO2010108385A1 (en) | Electricity-generating power machine | |
| TWM636267U (en) | Small hydroelectric power generation system containing inner overflow tank | |
| TWI707084B (en) | Siphon power generation system capable of adjusting the diversion flow of the embankment | |
| RU2405883C1 (en) | Damless hydraulic power station for local electric power supply |