TW202337104A - Energy storage device - Google Patents

Energy storage device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW202337104A
TW202337104A TW111107509A TW111107509A TW202337104A TW 202337104 A TW202337104 A TW 202337104A TW 111107509 A TW111107509 A TW 111107509A TW 111107509 A TW111107509 A TW 111107509A TW 202337104 A TW202337104 A TW 202337104A
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Taiwan
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battery
power
unit
energy storage
storage device
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TW111107509A
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Chinese (zh)
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韓志翔
莊閔傑
翁卿亮
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天容寶節能科技股份有限公司
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Priority to TW111107509A priority Critical patent/TW202337104A/en
Priority to CN202310179274.0A priority patent/CN116094013A/en
Publication of TW202337104A publication Critical patent/TW202337104A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

An energy storage device includes a battery assembly, a battery bridging unit, an inverter unit and a grid bridging unit. The battery assembly has a plurality of battery units for outputting a direct current. The battery bridging unit and the grid bridging unit switch a charge function and a discharge function of the battery assembly. The inverter unit includes a power control unit used to invert the direct current from the battery assembly into an alternating current. The power control unit detects power parameters of the direct current provided by the battery assembly to acquire a present output power value, and calibrate the present output power value via a difference between a present power parameter and a previous power parameter from the inverter unit to the external grid, so as to optimize the inverter unit for outputting the alternating current with a preferred power value toward the external grid.

Description

電池儲能裝置Battery energy storage device

本發明係提供一種電池儲能裝置，尤指一種利用串聯方式連接複數個電池單元的電池儲能裝置。The present invention provides a battery energy storage device, particularly a battery energy storage device that connects a plurality of battery units in series.

隨著科技的進步，電動車等新能源交通工具已逐漸取代傳統燃油車，故需發展大規模儲能技術以應用在輸電、發電、配電、用電等領域。單體電池無法滿足大規模儲能系統所需的功率和總電壓要求，會將單體電池藉由不同的串並聯連接來提高其電池組的整體電壓等級和功率水準。然而，多個單體電池通過串並聯組成電池模組，不僅電池組的能量低於單體電池的總和，電池組的壽命也明顯低於單體電池的水準；電池模組的串並聯不平衡會造成電池***與壽命縮短等問題。傳統解決方案會使用電池管理系統對電池組的運行進行多種參數的監控，但是傳統電池管理系統著重在單體電池間的平衡，並無法對異常單體電池進行主動干預，無法發揮真正的管理作用。With the advancement of science and technology, new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles have gradually replaced traditional fuel vehicles. Therefore, large-scale energy storage technology needs to be developed for application in fields such as power transmission, power generation, power distribution, and electricity consumption. Single cells cannot meet the power and total voltage requirements required by large-scale energy storage systems. Single cells will be connected in different series and parallel to increase the overall voltage level and power level of the battery pack. However, when multiple single cells are connected in series and parallel to form a battery module, not only the energy of the battery pack is lower than the sum of the single cells, but the life of the battery pack is also significantly lower than that of the single cells; the series and parallel connection of the battery module is unbalanced It will cause problems such as battery explosion and shortened life. Traditional solutions will use a battery management system to monitor various parameters of the battery pack's operation. However, the traditional battery management system focuses on the balance between single cells and cannot actively intervene in abnormal single cells and cannot play a real management role. .

本發明係提供一種利用串聯方式連接複數個電池單元的電池儲能裝置，以解決上述之問題。The present invention provides a battery energy storage device that connects a plurality of battery units in series to solve the above problems.

本發明之申請專利範圍係揭露一種電池儲能裝置，其包含有一電池組、一充電單元、一充電管理單元、一電池橋接單元、一電網橋接單元以及一逆變單元。該電池組包含複數個電池單元，用來輸出直流電。該充電單元連接一外部電網，用來對該電池組進行充電。該充電管理單元連接且控制該充電單元。該電池橋接單元連接該電池組與該充電管理單元，用來控制該電池組之充電與放電之切換。該電網橋接單元連接該充電單元與該外部電網，用來控制該電池組之充電與放電之切換。該逆變單元連接該外部電網、該電池橋接單元與該電網橋接單元，用來將該電池組提供之該直流電轉換為交流電。該逆變單元包含一最佳功率控制單元，該最佳功率控制單元用來檢測該電池組提供之該直流電的電力參數以取得一當前輸出功率值，再根據該逆變單元輸出給該外部電網之一當前電力參數與一先前電力參數之差異去修改該當前輸出功率值，從而提供給該逆變單元進行優化且輸出相應功率值的該交流電至該外部電網。The patent scope of the present invention discloses a battery energy storage device, which includes a battery pack, a charging unit, a charging management unit, a battery bridge unit, a grid bridge unit and an inverter unit. The battery pack contains a plurality of battery cells and is used to output direct current. The charging unit is connected to an external power grid and used to charge the battery pack. The charging management unit is connected to and controls the charging unit. The battery bridge unit connects the battery pack and the charge management unit and is used to control charging and discharging switching of the battery pack. The grid bridge unit connects the charging unit to the external grid and is used to control charging and discharging switching of the battery pack. The inverter unit is connected to the external power grid, the battery bridge unit and the grid bridge unit, and is used to convert the DC power provided by the battery pack into AC power. The inverter unit includes an optimal power control unit. The optimal power control unit is used to detect the power parameters of the DC power provided by the battery pack to obtain a current output power value, and then outputs it to the external power grid according to the inverter unit. The difference between a current power parameter and a previous power parameter is used to modify the current output power value, thereby providing the alternating current with a corresponding power value to the inverter unit for optimization and output to the external power grid.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該複數個電池單元係採用串聯連接方式。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the plurality of battery units are connected in series.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該充電單元係將該外部電網提供之交流電轉換成直流電以對該電池組進行充電。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the charging unit converts the AC power provided by the external power grid into DC power to charge the battery pack.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該充電管理單元係控制該充電單元之開機與關機之狀態切換、以及輸出電壓與輸出電流之電力參數。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the charging management unit controls the state switching of the charging unit on and off, as well as the power parameters of the output voltage and output current.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該電池橋接單元係監控該電池組之一工作狀態、並且預測該電池組之一電池容量以進行電池管理。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the battery bridge unit monitors the working status of the battery pack and predicts the battery capacity of the battery pack for battery management.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該逆變單元係包含一主逆變電路以及一放電控制電路，該主逆變電路執行該直流電與該交流電之轉換，該放電控制電路提供一控制脈衝以調節該主逆變電路之導通與開關。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the inverter unit includes a main inverter circuit and a discharge control circuit. The main inverter circuit performs conversion of the direct current and the alternating current. The discharge control circuit provides a control pulse to adjust the The conduction and switching of the main inverter circuit.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該逆變單元另包含一輔助電路，用來調整該直流電之一輸入電壓以適於該放電控制電路。The patent application scope of the present invention further discloses that the inverter unit further includes an auxiliary circuit for adjusting an input voltage of the direct current to suit the discharge control circuit.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該逆變單元另包含一保護電路，用來調節該放電控制電路以保護該主逆變電路。The patent application scope of the present invention further discloses that the inverter unit further includes a protection circuit for adjusting the discharge control circuit to protect the main inverter circuit.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該最佳功率控制單元係對該外部電網執行相位同步追蹤與頻率同步追蹤，以控制該逆變單元輸出與該外部電網相同且同步之電力參數。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the optimal power control unit performs phase synchronization tracking and frequency synchronization tracking on the external power grid to control the inverter unit to output power parameters that are the same and synchronized with the external power grid.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該電池儲能裝置並聯於另一電池儲能裝置，該最佳功率控制單元係分析該外部電網之一負載需求以分配該電池儲能裝置與該另一電池儲能裝置之輸出權重。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the battery energy storage device is connected in parallel to another battery energy storage device, and the optimal power control unit analyzes the load demand of the external power grid to allocate the battery energy storage device and the other battery storage device. The output weight can be configured.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該最佳功率控制單元係包含一檢測電路，用來檢測該電池組提供之該電力參數、以及該外部電網之電網參數。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the optimal power control unit includes a detection circuit for detecting the power parameters provided by the battery pack and the power grid parameters of the external power grid.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該最佳功率控制單元另包含一最佳功率調節電路，根據該檢測電路之一檢測結果取得該當前輸出功率值，再依照該逆變單元之一輸出結果修改該當前輸出功率值，以使該電池儲能裝置能提取最大功率。The patent scope of the present invention also discloses that the optimal power control unit further includes an optimal power adjustment circuit, which obtains the current output power value according to a detection result of the detection circuit, and then modifies the current output power value according to an output result of the inverter unit. The current output power value so that the battery energy storage device can extract maximum power.

本發明之申請專利範圍另揭露該最佳功率控制單元另包含一控制電路，其係根據該最佳功率調節電路經由該檢測電路取得之該電力參數和該電網參數，控制該逆變單元輸出與該外部電網相同且同步之該電力參數。The patent application scope of the present invention also discloses that the optimal power control unit further includes a control circuit, which controls the output of the inverter unit and the power grid parameter based on the power parameters and the grid parameters obtained by the optimal power adjustment circuit through the detection circuit. The external power grid has the same and synchronized power parameters.

本發明之電池儲能裝置只適用於其電池單元以串聯方式連接的電池組，並且利用最佳功率控制單元檢測且比對電池組和逆變單元輸出給外部電網在不同時間點的功率與電壓差異，從而調整電池儲能裝置以輸出最佳功率給外部電網。此外，本發明的電池儲能裝置不需執行電池單元之間的平衡管理，故能提高電池儲能裝置的系統安全性，避免因電池特並不一致而發生電池***或燃燒，且具有低成本之優勢；複數個電池儲能裝置所組成的儲能系統可具有熱插拔特性，電池儲能裝置的電池組可在儲能系統進行運轉時任意抽換，不會中斷儲能系統的整體供電作用。The battery energy storage device of the present invention is only applicable to battery packs whose battery units are connected in series, and uses the optimal power control unit to detect and compare the power and voltage output by the battery pack and the inverter unit to the external grid at different points in time. Difference, thereby adjusting the battery energy storage device to output optimal power to the external grid. In addition, the battery energy storage device of the present invention does not need to perform balance management between battery units, so it can improve the system safety of the battery energy storage device, avoid battery explosion or combustion due to inconsistent battery characteristics, and has low cost. Advantages: The energy storage system composed of multiple battery energy storage devices can have hot-swappable characteristics. The battery pack of the battery energy storage device can be swapped out at will while the energy storage system is running, without interrupting the overall power supply of the energy storage system. .

每一個電池儲能裝置的電池組需使用相同種類的電池單元，然不同電池儲能裝置的電池組則能分別採用不同種類的電池單元。本發明的儲能系統利用最佳功率控制單元去協調複數個電池儲能裝置之間的輸出與輸入電能分配，不但能最佳化整體的充放電效益，還可避免電池單元之間因電池特性不一致而降低安全性能，以最大限度地利用電池單元的儲電能力和循環壽命。儲能系統的每一個電池儲能裝置係產生交流電後再進行並聯，可提供充足的總電壓與總電流；並聯後的電池儲能裝置還能選擇性連結其它工具單元，例如具有監控、通信、防雷、並網、環控和安防等功能的工具單元。The battery pack of each battery energy storage device needs to use the same type of battery unit, but the battery packs of different battery energy storage devices can use different types of battery units. The energy storage system of the present invention uses an optimal power control unit to coordinate the distribution of output and input electric energy between multiple battery energy storage devices, which not only optimizes the overall charging and discharging efficiency, but also avoids differences between battery units due to battery characteristics. Inconsistent and reduced safety performance to maximize battery cell storage capacity and cycle life. Each battery energy storage device in the energy storage system generates alternating current and is then connected in parallel to provide sufficient total voltage and total current. The parallel-connected battery energy storage device can also selectively connect to other tool units, such as those with monitoring, communication, Tool unit with lightning protection, grid connection, environmental control and security functions.

請參閱第1圖，第1圖為本發明實施例之電池儲能裝置10之功能方塊圖。電池儲能裝置10可包含電池組12、充電單元14、充電管理單元16、電池橋接單元18、電網橋接單元19以及逆變單元20。電池組12包含複數個電池單元，且複數個電池單元係採用串聯連接方式。電池單元12可為充電式電池，用來輸出直流電。充電式電池可為磷酸鋰鐵電池，但亦可應用鋰電池、鉛酸電池、鎳鎘電池、鎳氫電池、鈉基電池，然實際變化不限於前揭範例，端視設計需求而定。Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a functional block diagram of the battery energy storage device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The battery energy storage device 10 may include a battery pack 12, a charging unit 14, a charging management unit 16, a battery bridging unit 18, a grid bridging unit 19 and an inverter unit 20. The battery pack 12 includes a plurality of battery units, and the plurality of battery units are connected in series. The battery unit 12 may be a rechargeable battery and is used to output direct current. The rechargeable battery can be a lithium iron phosphate battery, but it can also use lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and sodium-based batteries. However, the actual changes are not limited to the above examples and depend on the design requirements.

電池橋接單元18可連接電池組12、充電管理單元16、逆變單元20與最佳功率控制單元22，用來控制電池組12之配合充電管理單元16進行充電與配合最佳功率控制單元22進行放電的切換。電池橋接單元18可包含各種類型的切換開關、驅動機構、過電流保護電路以及電源偵測電路等模組。電池橋接單元18主要用於監控電池組12的工作狀態，例如電壓、電流與溫度值，還能預測電池組12的電池容量，從而進行電池管理以避免出現過度充電、過度放電和溫度過高等問題。電網橋接單元19可連接充電單元14、逆變單元20與外部電網24，用來控制電池組12之充電與放電之切換。The battery bridge unit 18 can connect the battery pack 12, the charge management unit 16, the inverter unit 20 and the optimal power control unit 22, and is used to control the battery pack 12 to cooperate with the charge management unit 16 for charging and the optimal power control unit 22. Discharge switching. The battery bridge unit 18 may include various types of switching switches, driving mechanisms, over-current protection circuits, power detection circuits and other modules. The battery bridge unit 18 is mainly used to monitor the working status of the battery pack 12, such as voltage, current and temperature values, and can also predict the battery capacity of the battery pack 12 to perform battery management to avoid overcharging, over-discharging, over-temperature and other problems. . The grid bridge unit 19 can connect the charging unit 14, the inverter unit 20 and the external grid 24, and is used to control the charging and discharging switching of the battery pack 12.

逆變單元20可連接電池橋接單元18、電網橋接單元19與外部電網24。逆變單元20係用來將電池組12提供之直流電轉換為交流電，並將交流電向外傳輸進行供電給外部電網24、或是與其它電池儲能裝置進行並聯。逆變單元20可包含最佳功率控制單元22。最佳功率控制單元22可連接電池橋接單元18，用來檢測電池組12提供之直流電的電力參數以取得當前輸出功率值。本發明中，最佳功率控制單元22會取得逆變單元20在當前時間點和在先前時間點分別輸出給外部電網24的當前電力參數與先前電力參數，再計算當前電力參數與先前電力參數之差異；前述電力參數可為功率值、電壓值和/或電流值，端視設計需求而定。The inverter unit 20 can connect the battery bridging unit 18 , the grid bridging unit 19 and the external grid 24 . The inverter unit 20 is used to convert the DC power provided by the battery pack 12 into AC power, and transmit the AC power outward to supply power to the external power grid 24 or to be connected in parallel with other battery energy storage devices. The inverter unit 20 may include an optimal power control unit 22 . The optimal power control unit 22 can be connected to the battery bridge unit 18 and used to detect the power parameters of the DC power provided by the battery pack 12 to obtain the current output power value. In the present invention, the optimal power control unit 22 obtains the current power parameters and the previous power parameters that the inverter unit 20 outputs to the external power grid 24 at the current time point and the previous time point respectively, and then calculates the current power parameter and the previous power parameter. Difference; the aforementioned power parameters can be power values, voltage values and/or current values, depending on the design requirements.

取得當前電力參數與先前電力參數之差異後，即能得知電池儲能裝置10和外部電網24隨時間流逝的電力參數變化，故最佳功率控制單元22可依據此差異改變直流電的電壓和/或電流，從而即時地調整電池組12之當前輸出功率值，提供給逆變單元20進行最佳優化。逆變單元20將直流電轉換為交流電後，就能讓電池儲能裝置10得以相應調整而輸出最佳功率值的交流電給外部電網24。After obtaining the difference between the current power parameters and the previous power parameters, the changes in the power parameters of the battery energy storage device 10 and the external power grid 24 over time can be known. Therefore, the optimal power control unit 22 can change the voltage and/or voltage of the DC power based on this difference. or current, thereby instantly adjusting the current output power value of the battery pack 12 and providing it to the inverter unit 20 for optimal optimization. After the inverter unit 20 converts the DC power into AC power, the battery energy storage device 10 can be adjusted accordingly to output the AC power with the optimal power value to the external power grid 24 .

充電單元14則可連接到外部電網24或電能產生裝置；電能產生裝置可為提供直流電或交流電的太陽能發電裝置、水力發電裝置或風力發電裝置等，端視實際需求而定。若外部電網24或電能產生裝置提供直流電，充電單元14可直接對電池組12進行充電。若外部電網24或電能產生裝置提供交流電，充電單元14可包含交流直流轉換電路，用來將交流電轉換為直流電以對電池組12進行充電。The charging unit 14 can be connected to an external power grid 24 or a power generation device; the power generation device can be a solar power generation device, a hydropower generation device or a wind power generation device that provides direct current or alternating current power, depending on actual needs. If the external power grid 24 or the power generation device provides direct current power, the charging unit 14 can directly charge the battery pack 12 . If the external power grid 24 or the power generation device provides AC power, the charging unit 14 may include an AC-DC conversion circuit for converting the AC power into DC power to charge the battery pack 12 .

請參閱第1圖與第2圖，第2圖為本發明實施例之充電管理單元16、逆變單元20與最佳功率控制單元22之功能方塊圖。充電管理單元16可連接充電單元14與電池橋接單元18。充電管理單元16係控制充電單元14之開機與關機的狀態切換、以及輸出電壓與輸出電流之電力參數。舉例來說，充電管理單元16可選擇性具有輔助模組38，用於檢查及驅動充電單元14之各電路元件能正常運作。充電管理單元16還可選擇性具有保護模組40和監控模組42。保護模組40係確保電池儲能裝置10在充電過程能穩定運作，監控模組42則可提供充電過程中的相關資訊，並通過顯示介面讓使用者觀察。Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the charging management unit 16, the inverter unit 20 and the optimal power control unit 22 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The charging management unit 16 may connect the charging unit 14 and the battery bridge unit 18 . The charging management unit 16 controls the state switching between on and off of the charging unit 14, as well as the power parameters of the output voltage and output current. For example, the charging management unit 16 may optionally have an auxiliary module 38 for checking and driving each circuit component of the charging unit 14 to operate normally. The charging management unit 16 may also optionally have a protection module 40 and a monitoring module 42. The protection module 40 ensures that the battery energy storage device 10 can operate stably during the charging process, and the monitoring module 42 can provide relevant information during the charging process and allow the user to observe it through the display interface.

逆變單元20可選擇性包含輸入電路26、輸出電路28、主逆變電路30、放電控制電路32、輔助電路34以及保護電路36。輸入電路26係通過電池橋接單元18接收來自電池組12的直流電。主逆變電路30可連接在輸入電路26與輸出電路28之間，用來將直流電轉換為交流電，並傳送到輸出電路28以提供至外部電網24。放電控制電路32則可連接主逆變電路30，其係為主逆變電路30提供所需的控制脈衝，從而調節主逆變電路30之各逆變開關元件，以配合主逆變電路30完成逆變功能，輸出與外部電網24具有相同頻率、電壓、相位、相序和/或波形等電力參數的交流電。The inverter unit 20 may optionally include an input circuit 26 , an output circuit 28 , a main inverter circuit 30 , a discharge control circuit 32 , an auxiliary circuit 34 and a protection circuit 36 . Input circuit 26 receives DC power from battery pack 12 through battery bridge unit 18 . The main inverter circuit 30 may be connected between the input circuit 26 and the output circuit 28 for converting DC power into AC power and transmitting it to the output circuit 28 to provide to the external power grid 24 . The discharge control circuit 32 can be connected to the main inverter circuit 30, which provides the required control pulses to the main inverter circuit 30, thereby adjusting each inverter switching element of the main inverter circuit 30 to cooperate with the main inverter circuit 30. The inverter function outputs alternating current with the same frequency, voltage, phase, phase sequence and/or waveform and other power parameters as the external power grid 24 .

輔助電路34可連接輸入電路26與放電控制電路32，其主要係用於將來自輸入電路26之輸入電壓轉換成適合放電控制電路32運作的操作電壓。輔助電路34還可選擇性包含監視模組、訊號傳輸模組以及顯示模組。監視模組係監視電池組12的儲電量或其它資訊。訊號傳輸模組係連接於監視模組與訊號傳輸模組，用來將監視模組所取得之儲電量或其它資訊發送給顯示模組。顯示模組除了可顯示儲電量讓使用者隨時觀察電池組12的充電與放電狀態，還可進一步顯示直流輸入電壓和電流及交流輸入電壓和電流的測量值、以及逆變單元20處於正確運作、故障或停機等工作狀態。The auxiliary circuit 34 can connect the input circuit 26 and the discharge control circuit 32, and is mainly used to convert the input voltage from the input circuit 26 into an operating voltage suitable for the operation of the discharge control circuit 32. The auxiliary circuit 34 may also optionally include a monitoring module, a signal transmission module and a display module. The monitoring module monitors the storage capacity or other information of the battery pack 12 . The signal transmission module is connected to the monitoring module and the signal transmission module, and is used to send the power storage or other information obtained by the monitoring module to the display module. In addition to displaying the storage capacity so that the user can observe the charging and discharging status of the battery pack 12 at any time, the display module can further display the measured values of DC input voltage and current and AC input voltage and current, and that the inverter unit 20 is operating correctly. Failure or shutdown and other working conditions.

保護電路36可連接輸入電路26與放電控制電路32。保護電路36係用於調節放電控制電路32以保護主逆變電路30，例如提供輸入過壓、輸出過壓、欠壓保護、超載保護、過流保護、短路保護、接反保護與過熱保護等功能。保護電路36所提供之各類型保護功能不限於上揭範例，端視設計需求而定，於此不再對其它可能變化詳加說明。The protection circuit 36 may connect the input circuit 26 and the discharge control circuit 32 . The protection circuit 36 is used to adjust the discharge control circuit 32 to protect the main inverter circuit 30, such as providing input overvoltage, output overvoltage, undervoltage protection, overload protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, reverse connection protection, overheating protection, etc. Function. The various types of protection functions provided by the protection circuit 36 are not limited to the above examples and depend on the design requirements, and other possible changes will not be described in detail here.

最佳功率控制單元22可針對外部電網24執行相位同步追蹤與頻率同步追蹤，以控制逆變單元20輸出與外部電網24相同且同步之相位、頻率與電壓等電力參數的交流電，使得電池儲能裝置10可作用在最佳功率點，確保電池儲能裝置10能從電池組12提取最大功率，從而減少發電量的損失。最佳功率控制單元22可選擇性包含檢測電路44、最佳功率調節電路46以及控制電路48。檢測電路44係用來檢測電池組12輸出之電壓與電流等電力參數、以及追蹤外部電網24所提供之電網相位角與電網頻率等電網參數。The optimal power control unit 22 can perform phase synchronization tracking and frequency synchronization tracking for the external power grid 24 to control the inverter unit 20 to output AC power with the same and synchronized phase, frequency, voltage and other power parameters as the external power grid 24 so that the battery can store energy. The device 10 can operate at the optimal power point to ensure that the battery energy storage device 10 can extract maximum power from the battery pack 12, thereby reducing the loss of power generation. The optimal power control unit 22 may optionally include a detection circuit 44 , an optimal power adjustment circuit 46 and a control circuit 48 . The detection circuit 44 is used to detect power parameters such as voltage and current output by the battery pack 12, and to track grid parameters such as grid phase angle and grid frequency provided by the external grid 24.

最佳功率調節電路46可依照檢測電路44去檢測電池組12所得之電壓與電流等電力參數，取得電池組12的當前輸出功率值，再測量且比對逆變單元20在當前時間點與先前時間點分別的當前電力參數以及先前電力參數的差異，調節直流電的電壓和/或電流，以使逆變單元20能輸出最佳功率值的交流電到外部電網24。控制電路48則可根據最佳功率調節電路46經由檢測電路44取得之電壓與電流等電力參數、以及電網相位角與電網頻率等電網參數，控制逆變單元20輸出與電網相位角與電網頻率具相同電壓與電流且同步之交流電。The optimal power adjustment circuit 46 can detect power parameters such as voltage and current obtained by the battery pack 12 according to the detection circuit 44, obtain the current output power value of the battery pack 12, and then measure and compare the inverter unit 20 at the current time point with the previous time. The difference between the current power parameter and the previous power parameter at each time point is used to adjust the voltage and/or current of the DC power so that the inverter unit 20 can output AC power with the optimal power value to the external power grid 24 . The control circuit 48 can control the output of the inverter unit 20 to be consistent with the grid phase angle and grid frequency based on the power parameters such as voltage and current obtained by the optimal power adjustment circuit 46 through the detection circuit 44, as well as grid parameters such as the grid phase angle and the grid frequency. Alternating current with the same voltage and current and synchronized.

本發明的電池儲能裝置10可以單獨連接外部電網24進行充放電，也可以連結複數個電池儲能裝置10後再連接外部電網24進行充放電。請參閱第3圖，第3圖為本發明實施例之儲能系統之功能方塊圖。儲能系統可包含以並聯連結的複數個電池儲能裝置10。複數個電池儲能裝置10之間可利用各自的最佳功率控制單元22進行溝通，根據外部電網24的負載需求分配不同電池組12的輸出權重，使不同電池儲能裝置10之間可達穩定平衡。舉例來說，若外部電網24的負載需求較低，儲能系統可通過最佳功率控制單元22之間的溝通分析，決定由部分的電池儲能裝置10提供電能，其它電池儲能裝置10則停止供電或進行充電。The battery energy storage device 10 of the present invention can be individually connected to the external power grid 24 for charging and discharging, or can be connected to a plurality of battery energy storage devices 10 and then connected to the external power grid 24 for charging and discharging. Please refer to Figure 3. Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention. The energy storage system may include a plurality of battery energy storage devices 10 connected in parallel. Multiple battery energy storage devices 10 can communicate with each other using their respective optimal power control units 22, and allocate the output weights of different battery groups 12 according to the load requirements of the external power grid 24, so that stability can be achieved between different battery energy storage devices 10 balance. For example, if the load demand of the external power grid 24 is low, the energy storage system can decide to use some of the battery energy storage devices 10 to provide electric energy and other battery energy storage devices 10 to provide electric energy through communication analysis between the optimal power control units 22 . Stop power supply or charge.

綜上所述，本發明的電池儲能裝置只適用於其電池單元以串聯方式連接的電池組，並且利用最佳功率控制單元檢測且比對電池組和逆變單元輸出給外部電網在不同時間點的功率與電壓差異，從而調整電池儲能裝置以輸出最佳功率給外部電網。此外，本發明的電池儲能裝置不需執行電池單元之間的平衡管理，故能提高電池儲能裝置的系統安全性，避免因電池特並不一致而發生電池***或燃燒，且具有低成本之優勢；複數個電池儲能裝置所組成的儲能系統可具有熱插拔特性，電池儲能裝置的電池組可在儲能系統進行運轉時任意抽換，不會中斷儲能系統的整體供電作用。To sum up, the battery energy storage device of the present invention is only suitable for battery packs whose battery units are connected in series, and uses the optimal power control unit to detect and compare the output of the battery pack and the inverter unit to the external grid at different times. The difference between power and voltage at the point, thereby adjusting the battery energy storage device to output optimal power to the external grid. In addition, the battery energy storage device of the present invention does not need to perform balance management between battery units, so it can improve the system safety of the battery energy storage device, avoid battery explosion or combustion due to inconsistent battery characteristics, and has low cost. Advantages: The energy storage system composed of multiple battery energy storage devices can have hot-swappable characteristics. The battery pack of the battery energy storage device can be swapped out at will while the energy storage system is running, without interrupting the overall power supply of the energy storage system. .

值得一提的是，每一個電池儲能裝置的電池組需使用相同種類的電池單元，然不同電池儲能裝置的電池組則能分別採用不同種類的電池單元。本發明的儲能系統利用最佳功率控制單元去協調複數個電池儲能裝置之間的輸出與輸入電能分配，不但能最佳化整體的充放電效益，還可避免電池單元之間因電池特性不一致而降低安全性能，以最大限度地利用電池單元的儲電能力和循環壽命。儲能系統的每一個電池儲能裝置係產生交流電後再進行並聯，可提供充足的總電壓與總電流；並聯後的電池儲能裝置還能選擇性連結其它工具單元，例如具有監控、通信、防雷、並網、環控和安防等功能的工具單元。 以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例，凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾，皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。 It is worth mentioning that the battery pack of each battery energy storage device needs to use the same type of battery unit, but the battery packs of different battery energy storage devices can use different types of battery units. The energy storage system of the present invention uses an optimal power control unit to coordinate the distribution of output and input electric energy between multiple battery energy storage devices, which not only optimizes the overall charging and discharging efficiency, but also avoids differences between battery units due to battery characteristics. Inconsistent and reduced safety performance to maximize battery cell storage capacity and cycle life. Each battery energy storage device in the energy storage system generates alternating current and is then connected in parallel to provide sufficient total voltage and total current. The parallel-connected battery energy storage device can also selectively connect to other tool units, such as those with monitoring, communication, Tool unit with lightning protection, grid connection, environmental control and security functions. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the patentable scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

10:電池儲能裝置 12:電池組 14:充電單元 16:充電管理單元 18:電池橋接單元 19:電網橋接單元 20:逆變單元 22:最佳功率控制單元 24:外部電網 26:輸入電路 28:輸出電路 30:主逆變電路 32:放電控制電路 34:輔助電路 36:保護電路 38:輔助模組 40:保護模組 42:監控模組 44:檢測電路 46:最佳功率調節電路 48:控制電路 10:Battery energy storage device 12:Battery pack 14:Charging unit 16:Charging management unit 18:Battery bridge unit 19: Grid bridging unit 20:Inverter unit 22: Best Power Control Unit 24:External power grid 26:Input circuit 28:Output circuit 30: Main inverter circuit 32: Discharge control circuit 34: Auxiliary circuit 36: Protection circuit 38:Auxiliary module 40: Protection module 42:Monitoring module 44:Detection circuit 46: Best power conditioning circuit 48:Control circuit

第1圖為本發明實施例之電池儲能裝置之功能方塊圖。 第2圖為本發明實施例之充電管理單元、逆變單元與最佳功率控制單元之功能方塊圖。 第3圖為本發明實施例之儲能系統之功能方塊圖。 Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a battery energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the charging management unit, inverter unit and optimal power control unit according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a functional block diagram of the energy storage system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

10:電池儲能裝置 10:Battery energy storage device

12:電池組 12:Battery pack

14:充電單元 14:Charging unit

16:充電管理單元 16:Charging management unit

18:電池橋接單元 18:Battery bridge unit

19:電網橋接單元 19: Grid bridging unit

20:逆變單元 20:Inverter unit

22:最佳功率控制單元 22: Best Power Control Unit

24:外部電網 24:External power grid

Claims (13)

一種電池儲能裝置，其包含有： 一電池組，包含複數個電池單元，用來輸出直流電； 一充電單元，連接一外部電網，用來對該電池組進行充電； 一充電管理單元，連接且控制該充電單元； 一電池橋接單元，連接該電池組與該充電管理單元，用來控制該電池組之充電與放電之切換； 一電網橋接單元，連接該充電單元與該外部電網，用來控制該電池組之充電與放電之切換；以及 一逆變單元，連接該外部電網、該電池橋接單元與該電網橋接單元，用來將該電池組提供之該直流電轉換為交流電，該逆變單元包含一最佳功率控制單元，該最佳功率控制單元連接該電池橋接單元，用來檢測該電池組提供之該直流電的電力參數以取得一當前輸出功率值，再根據該逆變單元輸出給該外部電網之一當前電力參數與一先前電力參數之差異去修改該當前輸出功率值，從而提供給該逆變單元進行優化且輸出相應功率值的該交流電至該外部電網。 A battery energy storage device including: A battery pack includes a plurality of battery cells and is used to output direct current; A charging unit, connected to an external power grid, used to charge the battery pack; A charging management unit, connected to and controlling the charging unit; A battery bridge unit connects the battery pack and the charge management unit and is used to control the charging and discharging switching of the battery pack; A grid bridge unit connects the charging unit to the external grid and is used to control the charging and discharging switching of the battery pack; and An inverter unit is connected to the external power grid, the battery bridge unit and the grid bridge unit, and is used to convert the DC power provided by the battery pack into AC power. The inverter unit includes an optimal power control unit, and the optimal power The control unit is connected to the battery bridge unit to detect the power parameters of the DC power provided by the battery pack to obtain a current output power value, and then outputs a current power parameter and a previous power parameter to the external power grid based on the inverter unit. The difference is used to modify the current output power value, thereby providing the inverter unit with the alternating current for optimization and outputting the corresponding power value to the external power grid. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該複數個電池單元係採用串聯連接方式。The battery energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of battery units are connected in series. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該充電單元係將該外部電網提供之交流電轉換成直流電以對該電池組進行充電。The battery energy storage device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the charging unit converts the alternating current provided by the external power grid into direct current to charge the battery pack. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該充電管理單元係控制該充電單元之開機與關機之狀態切換、以及輸出電壓與輸出電流之電力參數。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the charging management unit controls the state switching of the charging unit on and off, and the power parameters of the output voltage and output current. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該電池橋接單元係監控該電池組之一工作狀態、並且預測該電池組之一電池容量以進行電池管理。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the battery bridge unit monitors a working status of the battery pack and predicts a battery capacity of the battery pack for battery management. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該逆變單元係包含一主逆變電路以及一放電控制電路，該主逆變電路執行該直流電與該交流電之轉換，該放電控制電路提供一控制脈衝以調節該主逆變電路之導通與開關。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the inverter unit includes a main inverter circuit and a discharge control circuit. The main inverter circuit performs conversion of the direct current and the alternating current, and the discharge control circuit provides a Control pulses to regulate conduction and switching of the main inverter circuit. 如請求項6所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該逆變單元另包含一輔助電路，用來調整該直流電之一輸入電壓以適於該放電控制電路。The battery energy storage device of claim 6, wherein the inverter unit further includes an auxiliary circuit for adjusting an input voltage of the direct current to suit the discharge control circuit. 如請求項6所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該逆變單元另包含一保護電路，用來調節該放電控制電路以保護該主逆變電路。The battery energy storage device of claim 6, wherein the inverter unit further includes a protection circuit for adjusting the discharge control circuit to protect the main inverter circuit. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該最佳功率控制單元係對該外部電網執行相位同步追蹤與頻率同步追蹤，以控制該逆變單元輸出與該外部電網相同且同步之電力參數。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the optimal power control unit performs phase synchronization tracking and frequency synchronization tracking on the external power grid to control the inverter unit to output power parameters that are the same and synchronized with the external power grid. . 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該電池儲能裝置並聯於另一電池儲能裝置，該最佳功率控制單元係分析該外部電網之一負載需求以分配該電池儲能裝置與該另一電池儲能裝置之輸出權重。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the battery energy storage device is connected in parallel to another battery energy storage device, and the optimal power control unit analyzes a load demand of the external power grid to allocate the battery energy storage device and The output weight of the other battery energy storage device. 如請求項1所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該最佳功率控制單元係包含一檢測電路，用來檢測該電池組提供之該電力參數、以及該外部電網之電網參數。The battery energy storage device of claim 1, wherein the optimal power control unit includes a detection circuit for detecting the power parameter provided by the battery pack and the grid parameter of the external power grid. 如請求項11所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該最佳功率控制單元另包含一最佳功率調節電路，根據該檢測電路之一檢測結果取得該當前輸出功率值，再依照該逆變單元之一輸出結果修改該當前輸出功率值，以使該電池儲能裝置能提取最大功率。The battery energy storage device according to claim 11, wherein the optimal power control unit further includes an optimal power adjustment circuit, which obtains the current output power value according to a detection result of the detection circuit, and then according to the detection result of the inverter unit. An output result modifies the current output power value so that the battery energy storage device can extract maximum power. 如請求項12所述之電池儲能裝置，其中該最佳功率控制單元另包含一控制電路，其係根據該最佳功率調節電路經由該檢測電路取得之該電力參數和該電網參數，控制該逆變單元輸出與該外部電網相同且同步之該電力參數。The battery energy storage device of claim 12, wherein the optimal power control unit further includes a control circuit that controls the power parameter and the grid parameter obtained by the optimal power adjustment circuit through the detection circuit. The inverter unit outputs the power parameters that are the same and synchronized with the external power grid.
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