TW202323741A - cooling system - Google Patents
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- TW202323741A TW202323741A TW111136762A TW111136762A TW202323741A TW 202323741 A TW202323741 A TW 202323741A TW 111136762 A TW111136762 A TW 111136762A TW 111136762 A TW111136762 A TW 111136762A TW 202323741 A TW202323741 A TW 202323741A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
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Abstract
Description
本發明的實施方式,是關於冷卻系統,藉由冷凍循環裝置所循環的冷媒來將冷卻液冷卻。Embodiments of the present invention relate to a cooling system, in which a coolant is cooled by a refrigerant circulated by a refrigerating cycle device.
最近,使用自然冷媒的冷凍循環裝置受到關注。相較於一般的氟氯烷類冷媒,自然冷媒的臭氧層破壞係數及地球暖化係數非常低。因此從環境保護的觀點來看,自然冷媒非常有用。Recently, a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a natural refrigerant has attracted attention. Compared with common chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants, the ozone layer destruction coefficient and global warming coefficient of natural refrigerants are very low. Therefore, natural refrigerants are very useful from the viewpoint of environmental protection.
自然冷媒的例子包含:氨、二氧化碳、空氣、氧氣、氮氣等。其中二氧化碳、空氣、氧氣、氮氣的沸點極低,可以在超低溫範圍進行冷卻。Examples of natural refrigerants include: ammonia, carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, nitrogen, and the like. Among them, carbon dioxide, air, oxygen, and nitrogen have extremely low boiling points, and can be cooled in the ultra-low temperature range.
作為使用自然冷媒的冷凍循環裝置,已知有使用空氣的空氣冷凍循環裝置(例如WO2018/070893A1)。這種空氣冷凍循環裝置已經應用於大型冷凍庫等。As a refrigeration cycle apparatus using a natural refrigerant, an air refrigeration cycle apparatus using air is known (for example, WO2018/070893A1). Such an air refrigeration cycle device has already been used in large-scale freezers and the like.
此外,空氣冷凍循環裝置最近因應用於需要超低溫儲存的新型冠狀病毒疫苗的儲存庫而備受關注。In addition, the air refrigerated circulation device has recently attracted attention for its application to storage banks for novel coronavirus vaccines that require ultra-low temperature storage.
稱為間接膨脹式的冷卻系統,一般是用冷凍循環裝置所循環的冷媒將冷卻液循環裝置所循環的冷卻液冷卻,並用冷卻後的冷卻液來冷卻溫度受控對象。例如上述的空氣冷凍循環裝置,也可使用在間接膨脹式的冷卻系統。The indirect expansion cooling system generally uses the refrigerant circulated by the refrigeration cycle device to cool the coolant circulated by the coolant circulation device, and uses the cooled coolant to cool the temperature-controlled object. For example, the above-mentioned air refrigeration cycle device can also be used in an indirect expansion cooling system.
可是如上述作為冷媒的空氣的沸點極低,例如,根據-70℃以下等的膨脹時的冷卻溫度的設定,冷卻液循環裝置所循環的冷卻液的類型可能受到限制。However, as mentioned above, the boiling point of the air used as the refrigerant is extremely low. For example, depending on the setting of the cooling temperature during expansion such as -70° C. or below, the type of cooling liquid circulated by the cooling liquid circulation device may be limited.
在某些情況下,因為上述限制,可能會強制為要溫度受控對象的產品或製造設備選擇不合需要的冷卻液類型。在該冷卻液的選擇自由度受限的狀況是使用空氣冷凍循環裝置的冷卻系統的採用被推遲的原因之一。 例如,可在-100℃左右的超低溫範圍內使用的冷卻液包含矽油。但是,矽油中的矽氧烷可能會導致電子零件的斷裂。因此例如半導體製造設備會避免使用冷卻機器是使用有矽油的。 In some cases, because of the above limitations, it may be mandatory to select an undesirable type of coolant for a product or manufacturing equipment that is to be temperature controlled. The fact that the degree of freedom of choice of the cooling liquid is limited is one of the reasons why the adoption of the cooling system using the air refrigeration cycle device is delayed. For example, coolants that can be used in the ultra-low temperature range of around -100°C contain silicon oil. However, siloxanes in silicone oil may cause breakage of electronic parts. Therefore, for example, semiconductor manufacturing equipment will avoid the use of cooling machines that use silicone oil.
而且,自然冷媒存在毒性、易燃性、高壓等擔憂問題。由於這種擔憂問題,使用自然冷媒的冷凍循環裝置、及使用該冷凍循環裝置的冷卻系統的採用可能會被推遲。Moreover, natural refrigerants have concerns about toxicity, flammability, and high pressure. Due to such concerns, adoption of a refrigerating cycle device using a natural refrigerant and a cooling system using the refrigerating cycle device may be delayed.
而且極低溫的冷媒的冷卻溫度有時對於溫度受控對象是過度設計。在該情況,也可藉由加熱器將冷卻的冷卻液加熱,調節到所需要的溫度範圍。然而,從抑制能量消耗的觀點來看,這樣的調節是不需要的。Moreover, the cooling temperature of the extremely low-temperature refrigerant is sometimes over-designed for the temperature-controlled object. In this case, the cooled coolant can also be heated by a heater to adjust to the required temperature range. However, such adjustment is unnecessary from the viewpoint of suppressing energy consumption.
鑒於以上情形,本發明的課題要提供一種冷卻系統,能藉由冷凍循環裝置所循環的自然冷媒冷卻的冷卻液,將溫度受控對象有效地冷卻。 [用以解決課題的手段] In view of the above circumstances, the object of the present invention is to provide a cooling system that can effectively cool the temperature-controlled object through the cooling liquid cooled by the natural refrigerant circulated by the refrigeration cycle device. [Means to solve the problem]
本發明的一種實施方式的冷卻系統,具備有:使自然冷媒循環的冷凍循環裝置、使藉由上述自然冷媒所冷卻的第1冷卻液循環的第1冷卻液循環裝置、及使藉由上述第1冷卻液循環裝置所循環的上述第1冷卻液所冷卻的第2冷卻液流通的第2冷卻液流通裝置。A cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a refrigerating cycle device that circulates a natural refrigerant, a first cooling liquid circulation device that circulates a first cooling liquid cooled by the natural refrigerant, and a first cooling liquid circulation device that circulates the first cooling liquid cooled by the above-mentioned natural refrigerant. 1. A second cooling liquid circulation device through which the second cooling liquid cooled by the first cooling liquid circulated by the cooling liquid circulation device circulates.
在該冷卻系統中,藉由在冷凍循環裝置與第2冷卻液流通裝置之間特意設置第1冷卻液循環裝置,則相較於第2冷卻液被自然冷媒直接冷卻的情況,自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率被有意降低。藉此,能夠緩和在第2冷卻液直接被自然冷媒冷卻的情況下對第2冷卻液的種類的選擇自由度的限制。於是,在從希望由自然冷媒直接冷卻的觀點出發選擇第1冷卻液的同時,可利用從例如希望作為溫度受控對象的觀點選擇的第2冷卻液來冷卻溫度受控對象。 而且相較於藉由自然冷媒直接冷卻第2冷卻液的情況,自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率被有意降低,藉此可不使用加熱器而將第2冷卻液的溫度範圍調整到所需要的溫度範圍。藉此能抑制能量消耗且將溫度受控對象在所需要的溫度範圍冷卻。 另外,能夠增大冷凍循環裝置與第2冷卻液流通裝置之間的物理距離。而且可避免自然冷媒對於第2冷卻液的暴露,可避免自然冷媒流入到溫度受控對象側。藉此,即使有自然冷媒的毒性、易燃性、高壓等擔憂問題,也能避免擔憂問題的影響且將溫度受控對象冷卻。 因此,藉由以冷凍循環裝置所循環的自然冷媒所冷卻的冷卻液,可將溫度受控對象有效地冷卻。 In this cooling system, by deliberately installing the first cooling liquid circulation device between the refrigeration cycle device and the second cooling liquid circulation device, compared with the case where the second cooling liquid is directly cooled by the natural refrigerant, the natural refrigerant has less effect on the second cooling liquid. 2 The cooling efficiency of the coolant is intentionally reduced. Thereby, when the second cooling liquid is directly cooled by the natural refrigerant, the restriction on the degree of freedom of selection of the type of the second cooling liquid can be relaxed. Therefore, while the first coolant is selected from the viewpoint of direct cooling by the natural refrigerant, the temperature-controlled object can be cooled by the second coolant selected from the viewpoint of, for example, a temperature-controlled object. Moreover, compared with the case where the second coolant is directly cooled by the natural coolant, the cooling efficiency of the second coolant by the natural coolant is intentionally lowered, so that the temperature range of the second coolant can be adjusted to the desired level without using a heater. temperature range. Thereby, energy consumption can be suppressed and the temperature-controlled object can be cooled in a required temperature range. In addition, the physical distance between the refrigeration cycle device and the second coolant circulation device can be increased. Furthermore, the exposure of the natural refrigerant to the second cooling liquid can be avoided, and the natural refrigerant can be prevented from flowing into the temperature-controlled object side. Thereby, even if there are concerns about the toxicity, flammability, and high pressure of the natural refrigerant, the temperature-controlled object can be cooled while avoiding the influence of the concerns. Therefore, the temperature-controlled object can be effectively cooled by the cooling liquid cooled by the natural refrigerant circulated by the refrigerating cycle device.
上述第1冷卻液的種類,也可與上述第2冷卻液的種類不同。 在該情況,例如可選擇需要對於自然冷媒進行的冷卻不會妨礙動作的冷卻液作為第1冷卻液,而選擇對於溫度受控對象需要與第1冷卻液不同的冷卻液作為第2冷卻液,藉此可有效地將溫度受控對象冷卻。 The type of the first cooling liquid may be different from the type of the second cooling liquid. In this case, for example, the cooling liquid that needs to be cooled by the natural refrigerant without hindering the operation can be selected as the first cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid that needs to be different from the first cooling liquid for the temperature controlled object can be selected as the second cooling liquid, Thereby, the temperature-controlled object can be effectively cooled.
上述冷凍循環裝置及上述第1冷卻液循環裝置,藉由第1熱交換器連接,在上述第1熱交換器藉由上述自然冷媒將上述第1冷卻液冷卻,上述第1冷卻液循環裝置及上述第2冷卻液流通裝置,藉由第2熱交換器連接,在上述第2熱交換器藉由上述第1冷卻液將上述第2冷卻液冷卻,上述第1冷卻液循環裝置,是以:第1流路、第2流路、泵浦所構成;上述第1流路,用來連接:將上述第1冷卻液排出的上述第1熱交換器的排出口、及用來接收上述第1冷卻液的上述第2熱交換器的接收口;上述第2流路,用來連接:將上述第1冷卻液排出的上述第2熱交換器的排出口、及用來接收上述第1冷卻液的上述第1熱交換器的接收口;上述泵浦,用來產生使上述第1冷卻液循環的驅動力。 在該情況,藉由非常簡易的第1冷卻液循環裝置能降低製造成本且有效地冷卻溫度受控對象。 The above-mentioned refrigeration cycle device and the above-mentioned first cooling liquid circulation device are connected by a first heat exchanger, and the above-mentioned first cooling liquid is cooled by the above-mentioned natural refrigerant in the above-mentioned first heat exchanger, and the above-mentioned first cooling liquid circulation device and The second coolant circulating device is connected by a second heat exchanger, and the second coolant is cooled by the first coolant in the second heat exchanger, and the first coolant circulation device is: Consists of a first flow path, a second flow path, and a pump; the first flow path is used to connect to: the discharge port of the first heat exchanger that discharges the first cooling liquid, and is used to receive the first cooling fluid. The receiving port of the above-mentioned second heat exchanger for cooling liquid; the above-mentioned second flow path is used to connect: the discharge port of the above-mentioned second heat exchanger for discharging the above-mentioned first cooling liquid, and the outlet for receiving the above-mentioned first cooling liquid The receiving port of the above-mentioned first heat exchanger; the above-mentioned pump is used to generate the driving force for circulating the above-mentioned first cooling liquid. In this case, the very simple first coolant circulation device can reduce the manufacturing cost and effectively cool the temperature-controlled object.
也能以內部熱交換器將上述第1流路與上述第2流路連接,在上述內部熱交換器,讓從上述第1熱交換器的排出口排出且尚未被上述第2熱交換器的接收口接收的上述第1冷卻液、與從上述第2熱交換器的排出口排出且尚未被上述第1熱交換器的接收口接收的上述第1冷卻液進行熱交換。 在該情況,藉由抑制第1熱交換器的自然冷媒與第1冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第1熱交換器的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。 It is also possible to connect the above-mentioned first flow path and the above-mentioned second flow path with an internal heat exchanger. The first cooling liquid received by the receiving port exchanges heat with the first cooling liquid discharged from the discharge port of the second heat exchanger and not yet received by the receiving port of the first heat exchanger. In this case, by suppressing the temperature difference between the natural refrigerant in the first heat exchanger and the first coolant, the load on the first heat exchanger can be reduced, enabling highly reliable operation.
上述第1冷卻液循環裝置,進一步具有旁通流路,上述旁通流路,將上述第1流路與上述第2流路連接且使上述第1冷卻液流通。 在該情況,藉由抑制第2熱交換器的第1冷卻液與第2冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第2熱交換器的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。相較於第2冷卻液被自然冷媒直接冷卻的情況,更容易降低自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率。藉此可提升第2冷卻液的種類的選擇自由度。 The first cooling liquid circulation device further includes a bypass flow path connecting the first flow path and the second flow path and allowing the first cooling liquid to flow. In this case, by suppressing the temperature difference between the first coolant and the second coolant in the second heat exchanger, the load on the second heat exchanger can be reduced, enabling highly reliable operation. Compared with the case where the second cooling liquid is directly cooled by the natural cooling medium, it is easier to reduce the cooling efficiency of the second cooling liquid by the natural cooling medium. Thereby, the degree of freedom of selection of the type of the second coolant can be increased.
上述第1冷卻液循環裝置進一步具有:從上述第2流路分歧且在較分歧位置更上游側的位置連接於上述第2流路的分歧流路、及設置在上述分歧流路上的第3熱交換器。 在該情況,能以第3熱交換器在較第2熱交換器更高的溫度範圍進行冷卻。藉此可以擴大冷卻系統的應用模式和應用範圍。 The first coolant circulation device further includes: a branch flow path branched from the second flow path and connected to the second flow path at a position upstream of the branch position; switch. In this case, cooling can be performed in a temperature range higher than that of the second heat exchanger by the third heat exchanger. In this way, the application mode and application range of the cooling system can be expanded.
上述第3熱交換器,連接著使第3冷卻液流通的第3冷卻液流通裝置,在上述第3熱交換器藉由上述第1冷卻液將上述第3冷卻液冷卻。 空氣、二氧化碳、氧氣等的沸點極低的自然冷媒的冷卻溫度有時對於溫度受控對象是過度設計。在這種情況,在本構造,藉由以第2熱交換器與第3熱交換器分配冷凍能力,能避免過度冷卻,能有效應用冷凍能力。 The third heat exchanger is connected to a third coolant circulation device for circulating a third coolant, and the third coolant is cooled by the first coolant in the third heat exchanger. The cooling temperature of natural refrigerants with extremely low boiling points such as air, carbon dioxide, and oxygen may be excessively designed for temperature control objects. In this case, in this structure, by allocating the refrigerating capacity between the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger, overcooling can be avoided and the refrigerating capacity can be effectively used.
上述第2冷卻液流通裝置,連接於上述第3熱交換器,上述第2冷卻液,在上述第3熱交換器被冷卻之後再於上述第2熱交換器被冷卻。 在該情況,藉由將第2冷卻液以第3熱交換器及第2熱交換器逐步冷卻,藉由抑制第2熱交換器的第1冷卻液與第2冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第2熱交換器的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。 The second coolant circulation device is connected to the third heat exchanger, and the second coolant is cooled in the second heat exchanger after being cooled in the third heat exchanger. In this case, by gradually cooling the second coolant through the third heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and suppressing the temperature difference between the first coolant and the second coolant in the second heat exchanger, it is possible to The load on the second heat exchanger is reduced, enabling highly reliable operation.
上述第1冷卻液是矽油,上述第2冷卻液是醚類液體。The first coolant is silicon oil, and the second coolant is ether liquid.
上述冷凍循環裝置也可是空氣冷凍循環裝置。The above-mentioned refrigerating cycle device may be an air refrigerating cycle device.
藉由本發明,藉由以冷凍循環裝置所循環的自然冷媒所冷卻的冷卻液,可將溫度受控對象有效地冷卻。According to the present invention, the temperature-controlled object can be effectively cooled by the cooling liquid cooled by the natural refrigerant circulated by the refrigerating cycle device.
以下參考附圖,詳細說明各實施方式。Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<第1實施方式>
圖1是將第1實施方式的冷卻系統S1概略顯示的圖面。圖1所示的冷卻系統S1,具備有:使自然冷媒循環的冷凍循環裝置10、使第1冷卻液循環的第1冷卻液循環裝置20、及使第2冷卻液流通的第2冷卻液流通裝置30。
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system S1 according to the first embodiment. The cooling system S1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with: a
冷凍循環裝置10及第1冷卻液循環裝置20藉由第1熱交換器40所連接。第1冷卻液循環裝置20及第2冷卻液流通裝置30藉由第2熱交換器50所連接。The
冷凍循環裝置10所循環的自然冷媒,將在第1熱交換器40中第1冷卻液循環裝置20所循環的第1冷卻液冷卻。第1冷卻液循環裝置20所循環的第1冷卻液,將在第2熱交換器50中第2冷卻液流通裝置30所流通的第2冷卻液冷卻。The natural refrigerant circulated in the
在第2熱交換器50中藉由第1冷卻液將第2冷卻液冷卻後,將其輸送到未圖示的溫度受控對象。第2冷卻液將溫度受控對象冷卻後又回到第2熱交換器50。After the second coolant is cooled by the first coolant in the
溫度受控對象例如可以是晶圓。在該情況,第2冷卻液可以通過放置晶圓的平台並經由平台來冷卻晶圓。第2冷卻液也可在通過平台後又回到第2熱交換器50。可是溫度受控對象並沒有特別限制,例如可以是腔室內的空間。The temperature-controlled object may be a wafer, for example. In this case, the second coolant may pass through the stage on which the wafer is placed and cool the wafer through the stage. The second coolant can also return to the
冷凍循環裝置10,在本實施方式是使作為自然冷媒的空氣進行循環。也就是說,冷凍循環裝置10是空氣冷媒循環裝置。The refrigerating
冷凍循環裝置10,是以冷媒循環通路15將壓縮機11、冷卻器12、回收熱交換器13、膨脹機14連接成讓空氣依該順序循環。空氣在被壓縮機11壓縮之後,以冷卻器12及回收熱交換器13將其逐步冷卻,然後流入於膨脹機14。然後空氣被膨脹機14膨脹,從膨脹機14流出。冷凍循環裝置10,將被膨脹機14所膨脹的空氣降溫至-70℃以下,詳細來說是降溫至-70℃~-110℃,然後可使其流入於第1熱交換器40。可是冷凍循環裝置10也可將空氣降溫至-10℃以上-70℃以下的範圍。In the
在冷媒循環通路15的膨脹機14的下游側的部分連接上述的第1熱交換器40,讓在膨脹機14所膨脹且成為低溫的空氣流入到第1熱交換器40。空氣在第1熱交換器40將第1冷卻液冷卻之後,從第1熱交換器40流出而流向壓縮機11。The above-mentioned
從第1熱交換器40流出的空氣,在尚未回到壓縮機11之前,在回收熱交換器13與已流出冷卻器12的空氣進行熱交換。藉此,尚未流入到膨脹機14的空氣會在冷卻器12及回收熱交換器13逐步冷卻。冷卻器12,也可例如藉由冷卻水將從壓縮機11流出的高壓的空氣進行冷卻。冷卻器12也可是液冷式的冷卻器,也可是氣冷式的冷卻器,沒有特別限定。The air flowing out of the
壓縮機11與膨脹機14,是與共通的馬達16的驅動軸16A連接。藉此,藉由驅動軸16A的旋轉讓壓縮機11與膨脹機14連動旋轉。The
冷媒循環通路15的壓縮機11的下游側且在冷卻器12的上游側的部分、及冷媒循環通路15的膨脹機14的下游側的部分且與回收熱交換器13連接的位置的上游側的部分,以用來使空氣流通的熱旁通流路17連接,且在熱旁通流路17設置有用來控制空氣的流通的調節閥18。藉此,藉由打開調節閥18,高溫空氣可通過熱旁通流路17而與從第1熱交換器40流出的空氣混合。藉由該操作,可抑制第1熱交換器40的下游側的空氣凍結。The portion of the
在本實施方式,冷凍循環裝置10雖然是空氣冷媒循環裝置,而也可是其他形式的裝置。冷凍循環裝置10可以是使用二氧化碳、氧氣、氮氣、丁烷、丙烷、異丁烷、丙烯等作為自然冷媒的冷凍循環裝置。In this embodiment, although the
第1冷卻液循環裝置20,具有:第1流路21、第2流路22、第1冷卻液泵浦23。第1流路21用來連接:將第1冷卻液排出的第1熱交換器40的排出口、及用來接收第1冷卻液的第2熱交換器50的接收口。第2流路22用來連接:將第1冷卻液排出的第2熱交換器50的排出口、及用來接收第1冷卻液的第1熱交換器40的接收口。The first
第1冷卻液泵浦23,用來產生驅動力來使第1冷卻液循環。第1冷卻液泵浦23雖然設置於第2流路22上,而其配置位置並沒有特別限定。第1冷卻液在從第1冷卻液泵浦23排出之後,流入到第1熱交換器40而且由低溫空氣將其冷卻。然後從第1熱交換器40流出的第1冷卻液,流入到第2熱交換器50,將第2冷卻液冷卻。然後從第2熱交換器50流出的第2冷卻液,經由第1冷卻液泵浦23循環於第1熱交換器40。The
在本實施方式,如上述可將在膨脹機14所膨脹的空氣降溫至-70℃以下,詳細來說是降溫至-70℃~-110℃然後流入到第1熱交換器40。因此,第1冷卻液,只要是即使在-70℃~-110℃的溫度範圍內冷卻也不會產生問題的熱介質即可,沒有特別限定。在本實施方式,作為一個例子是使用矽油。藉由將矽油與碳氫類的添加劑混合,則可將使用溫度範圍降低至-120℃程度。In this embodiment, the temperature of the air expanded by the
第2冷卻液流通裝置30,具有:供給側流路31、返回側流路32、第2冷卻液泵浦33。供給側流路31,與用來排出第2冷卻液的第2熱交換器50的排出口連接,將第2冷卻液輸送到溫度受控對象側。返回側流路32,與用來接收第2冷卻液的第2熱交換器50的接收口連接,把已將溫度受控對象冷卻的第2冷卻液輸送到第2熱交換器50。The second
第2冷卻液泵浦33,用來產生驅動力來使第2冷卻液流通。第2冷卻液泵浦33雖然設置於返回側流路32上,而其配置位置並沒有特別限定。第2冷卻液在從第2冷卻液泵浦33排出之後,流入到第2熱交換器50而且由第1冷卻液將其冷卻。然後從第2熱交換器50流出的第2冷卻液,將溫度受控對象冷卻之後,經由第2冷卻液泵浦33流入到第2熱交換器50。The
在本實施方式,第2冷卻液的種類與第1冷卻液的種類不同。具體來說,是使用醚類液體作為第2冷卻液。例如第1冷卻液的凝固點低於第2冷卻液的凝固點。例如第1冷卻液的動黏度低於第2冷卻液的動黏度。例如在-70℃以下的第1冷卻液的動黏度低於第2冷卻液的動黏度。In the present embodiment, the type of the second cooling liquid is different from the type of the first cooling liquid. Specifically, an ether liquid is used as the second coolant. For example, the freezing point of the first coolant is lower than the freezing point of the second coolant. For example, the dynamic viscosity of the first coolant is lower than that of the second coolant. For example, the dynamic viscosity of the first cooling liquid at -70° C. or lower is lower than that of the second cooling liquid.
如上述,第1冷卻液是在-70℃~-110℃的溫度範圍冷卻獲得。在該情況,第2冷卻液也在-70℃~-110℃的溫度範圍或接近該溫度範圍的溫度範圍內被第1冷卻液冷卻。可是第2冷卻液並非藉由-70℃~-110℃的低溫空氣直接冷卻。因此,相較於藉由低溫空氣直接冷卻的第1冷卻液所要求的低溫時的特性,第2冷卻液允許有更和緩的低溫時的特性。結果在本實施方式,作為第2冷卻液的候選者,可選擇具有優異的低溫時的特性的矽油以外的熱介質,選擇醚類液體作為第2冷卻液。第2冷卻液也可以是氟類液體、氟醚類液體、乙二醇水溶液等。As mentioned above, the first coolant is obtained by cooling in the temperature range of -70°C to -110°C. In this case, the second cooling liquid is also cooled by the first cooling liquid in a temperature range of -70°C to -110°C or a temperature range close to this temperature range. However, the second coolant is not directly cooled by the low-temperature air at -70°C~-110°C. Therefore, the second coolant is allowed to have milder low-temperature characteristics than the low-temperature characteristics required for the first coolant directly cooled by low-temperature air. As a result, in the present embodiment, as a candidate for the second cooling liquid, a heat medium other than silicone oil having excellent low-temperature characteristics can be selected, and an ether liquid is selected as the second cooling liquid. The second coolant may be a fluorine-based liquid, a fluoroether-based liquid, an aqueous glycol solution, or the like.
第2冷卻液可以是含有氫氟醚的液體、或含有全氟聚醚的液體。第2冷卻液並沒有特別限制。例如第2冷卻液也可是矽油。可是,由於可能存在矽氧烷問題,有時可避免使用矽油。另一方面,醚類或氟類液體通常是在化學上是惰性的,不存在形成矽氧烷的問題。藉由使用醚類或氟類液體作為第2冷卻液,可擴大能進行超低溫冷卻的冷卻系統S1的適用範圍。The second cooling liquid may be a liquid containing hydrofluoroether or a liquid containing perfluoropolyether. The second coolant is not particularly limited. For example, the second coolant can also be silicon oil. However, silicone oils can sometimes be avoided due to possible silicone problems. On the other hand, ether or fluorine based fluids are generally chemically inert and do not present the problem of siloxane formation. By using ether or fluorine liquid as the second coolant, the application range of the cooling system S1 capable of ultra-low temperature cooling can be expanded.
以上所說明的本實施方式的冷卻系統S1,具備有:使自然冷媒循環的冷凍循環裝置10、使藉由自然冷媒所冷卻的第1冷卻液循環的第1冷卻液循環裝置20、及使藉由第1冷卻液循環裝置20所循環的第1冷卻液所冷卻的第2冷卻液流通的第2冷卻液流通裝置30。The cooling system S1 of the present embodiment described above includes: a
在該冷卻系統S1中,藉由在冷凍循環裝置10與第2冷卻液流通裝置30之間特意設置第1冷卻液循環裝置20,則相較於第2冷卻液被自然冷媒直接冷卻的情況,自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率被有意降低。藉此,能夠緩和在第2冷卻液直接被自然冷媒冷卻的情況下對第2冷卻液的種類的選擇自由度的限制。於是,在從希望由自然冷媒直接冷卻的觀點出發選擇第1冷卻液的種類的同時,可利用從例如希望作為溫度受控對象的觀點選擇的第2冷卻液來冷卻溫度受控對象。在本實施方式,具體地選擇矽油作為第1冷卻液,另一方面,選擇醚類液體作為第2冷卻液,雖然其低溫時的特性可能不如矽油,但對於溫度受控對象來說一般是比較理想的。In this cooling system S1, by deliberately disposing the first cooling
而且相較於藉由自然冷媒直接冷卻第2冷卻液的情況,自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率被有意降低,藉此可不使用加熱器而將第2冷卻液的溫度範圍調整到所需要的溫度範圍。藉此能抑制能量消耗且將溫度受控對象在所需要的溫度範圍冷卻。也就是說,自然冷媒大多沸點非常低,自然冷媒所輸出的冷凍能力對於溫度受控對象往往是過度設計,而在本實施方式,藉由有意地降低其冷卻效率,則不用使用加熱器而能使第2冷卻液的溫度適合溫度受控對象需要的溫度範圍。Moreover, compared with the case where the second coolant is directly cooled by the natural coolant, the cooling efficiency of the second coolant by the natural coolant is intentionally lowered, so that the temperature range of the second coolant can be adjusted to the desired level without using a heater. temperature range. Thereby, energy consumption can be suppressed and the temperature-controlled object can be cooled in a required temperature range. That is to say, most natural refrigerants have a very low boiling point, and the refrigeration capacity output by natural refrigerants is often overdesigned for temperature-controlled objects. The temperature of the second coolant is adapted to the temperature range required by the temperature-controlled object.
另外,能夠增大冷凍循環裝置10與第2冷卻液流通裝置30之間的物理距離。而且可避免自然冷媒對於第2冷卻液的暴露,可避免自然冷媒流入到溫度受控對象側。藉此,即使有自然冷媒的毒性、易燃性、高壓等擔憂問題,也能避免擔憂問題的影響且將溫度受控對象冷卻。In addition, the physical distance between the
藉由本實施方式的冷卻系統S1,藉由以冷凍循環裝置10所循環的自然冷媒所冷卻的冷卻液,可將溫度受控對象有效地冷卻。With the cooling system S1 of the present embodiment, the temperature-controlled object can be effectively cooled by the cooling liquid cooled by the natural refrigerant circulated in the
本實施方式的第1冷卻液循環裝置20,具有:第1流路21、第2流路22、第1冷卻液泵浦23;詳細來說僅以第1流路21、第2流路22及第1冷卻液泵浦23所構成。藉此,藉由非常簡易的第1冷卻液循環裝置20能降低製造成本且有效地冷卻溫度受控對象。The first
<第2實施方式>
以下針對第2實施方式來說明。本實施方式的組成部分之中與第1實施方式相同的構造,加上相同圖號省略重複的說明。圖2是將第2實施方式的冷卻系統S2概略顯示的圖面。在圖2所示的冷卻系統S2,其第1冷卻液循環裝置20的構造與第1實施方式不同。
<Second Embodiment>
The second embodiment will be described below. Among the constituent parts of the present embodiment, the same structures as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals to omit repeated explanations. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system S2 according to the second embodiment. In the cooling system S2 shown in FIG. 2 , the structure of the first
詳細來說,以內部熱交換器24連接第1流路21與第2流路22。在內部熱交換器24,讓從第1熱交換器40的排出口排出且尚未被第2熱交換器50的接收口接收的第1冷卻液、與從第2熱交換器50的排出口排出且尚未被第1熱交換器40的接收口接收的第1冷卻液進行熱交換。Specifically, the
在以上所說明的第2實施方式,藉由抑制第1熱交換器40的自然冷媒與第1冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第1熱交換器40的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。In the second embodiment described above, by suppressing the temperature difference between the natural refrigerant in the
<第3實施方式>
以下針對第3實施方式來說明。本實施方式的組成部分之中與第1及第2實施方式相同的構造,加上相同圖號省略重複的說明。圖3是將第3實施方式的冷卻系統S3概略顯示的圖面。在圖3所示的冷卻系統S3,其第1冷卻液循環裝置20的構造與第1及第2實施方式不同。
<Third Embodiment>
The following describes the third embodiment. Among the components of the present embodiment, the same structures as those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals to omit overlapping descriptions. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system S3 according to a third embodiment. In the cooling system S3 shown in FIG. 3 , the structure of the first
詳細來說,第1冷卻液循環裝置20進一步具有旁通流路25,旁通流路25,將第1流路21與第2流路22連接且使第1冷卻液流通。在該構造,從第2熱交換器50回到第1熱交換器40的第1冷卻液,分歧為:第1熱交換器40側、旁通流路25。在第1熱交換器40被冷卻的第1冷卻液、與旁流於第1熱交換器40的第1冷卻液,在第1熱交換器40的下游側匯流。藉此讓流入到第2熱交換器50的第1冷卻液的溫度上升。Specifically, the first cooling
在以上所說明的第3實施方式,藉由抑制第2熱交換器50的第1冷卻液與第2冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第2熱交換器50的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。相較於第2冷卻液被自然冷媒直接冷卻的情況,更容易降低自然冷媒對第2冷卻液的冷卻效率。藉此可提升第2冷卻液的種類的選擇自由度。In the third embodiment described above, by suppressing the temperature difference between the first coolant and the second coolant in the
<第4實施方式>
以下針對第4實施方式來說明。本實施方式的組成部分之中與第1至第3實施方式相同的構造,加上相同圖號省略重複的說明。圖4是將第4實施方式的冷卻系統S4概略顯示的圖面。在圖4所示的冷卻系統S4,其第1冷卻液循環裝置20的構造與第1至第3實施方式不同。
<Fourth embodiment>
The fourth embodiment will be described below. Among the components of the present embodiment, the same structures as those of the first to third embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals to omit repeated descriptions. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system S4 according to a fourth embodiment. In the cooling system S4 shown in FIG. 4 , the structure of the first
詳細來說,第1冷卻液循環裝置20進一步具有:從第2流路22分歧且在較分歧位置P1更上游側的位置P2連接於第2流路22的分歧流路26、及設置在分歧流路26上的第3熱交換器60。Specifically, the first
在第3熱交換器60連接著使第3冷卻液流通的第3冷卻液流通裝置70。在第3熱交換器60藉由第1冷卻液將第3冷卻液冷卻。由於藉由未通過第1熱交換器40的第1冷卻液將第3冷卻液冷卻,所以相較第2冷卻液更緩和了關於低溫特性的限制。於是也可選擇與第2冷卻液不同的種類的熱介質作為第3冷卻液。例如,第3冷卻液可以是乙二醇水溶液。然而,第3冷卻液也可以是矽油、醚類液體或氟類液體。A third
在以上說明的第4實施方式,能以第3熱交換器60在較第2熱交換器50更高的溫度範圍進行冷卻。藉此可以擴大冷卻系統的應用模式和應用範圍。In the fourth embodiment described above, the
空氣、二氧化碳、氧氣等的沸點極低的自然冷媒的冷卻溫度有時對於溫度受控對象是過度設計。在這種情況,在本構造,藉由以第2熱交換器50與第3熱交換器60分配冷凍能力,能避免過度冷卻,能有效應用冷凍能力。The cooling temperature of natural refrigerants with extremely low boiling points such as air, carbon dioxide, and oxygen may be excessively designed for temperature control objects. In this case, in this structure, by allocating the refrigerating capacity between the
<第5實施方式>
以下針對第5實施方式來說明。本實施方式的組成部分之中與第1至第4實施方式相同的構造,加上相同圖號省略重複的說明。圖5是將第5實施方式的冷卻系統S5概略顯示的圖面。在圖5所示的冷卻系統S5,其第1冷卻液循環裝置20的構造與第1至第4實施方式不同。
<Fifth Embodiment>
The fifth embodiment will be described below. Among the components of the present embodiment, the same structures as those of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions are omitted. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system S5 according to a fifth embodiment. In the cooling system S5 shown in FIG. 5 , the structure of the first
詳細來說,在本實施方式,第2冷卻液流通裝置30連接於第2熱交換器50及第3熱交換器60。在第3熱交換器60藉由第1冷卻液將第2冷卻液冷卻之後,進一步在第2熱交換器50藉由第1冷卻液將第2冷卻液進行冷卻。與第4實施方式同樣地,第3熱交換器60設置在分歧流路26上,分歧流路26,從第2流路22分歧,且在較分歧的位置P1更上游側的位置P2連接於第2流路22。Specifically, in the present embodiment, the second
第1冷卻液循環裝置20,在第2流路22的中途部具有可儲存一定量的第1冷卻液的槽部27,第1冷卻液泵浦23將槽部27內的第1冷卻液抽吸而排出。分歧流路26的下游側端部流體性地連接於槽部27。The first cooling
在第1流路21設置有第1分配調節閥21A。在分歧流路26設置有第2分配調節閥26A。藉由第1分配調節閥21A及第2分配調節閥26A分別調節開度,則可調節流入到第2熱交換器50的第1冷卻液的流量、與流入到第3熱交換器60的第2冷卻液的流量。A first
第2冷卻液流通裝置30,在返回側流路32的中途部具有:可儲存一定量的第2冷卻液的槽部34,將槽部34內的第2冷卻液抽吸而排出的第2冷卻液泵浦33。返回側流路32,在第2冷卻液泵浦33與第2熱交換器50之間的部分連接於第3熱交換器60。在槽部34連接著使槽部34內的第2冷卻液流通的高溫用流路35,高溫用流路35具有用來將流通的第2冷卻液加熱的加熱器36。The second
另一方面,在供給側流路31設置有低溫調節閥31A。低溫調節閥31A,是用來控制:通過供給側流路31而朝向溫度受控對象的第2冷卻液的流量調節及阻斷。而且在返回側流路32的第3熱交換器60的下游側及第2熱交換器50的上游側的位置連接著中溫用流路37。在中溫用流路37設置有中溫調節閥38。在本實施方式,藉由設置上述複數的流路或閥部,則例如可切換為:從供給側流路31對溫度受控對象供給低溫的第2冷卻液的模式、從中溫用流路37對溫度受控對象供給溫度較上述低溫的第2冷卻液更高溫的第2冷卻液的模式、及從高溫用流路35對溫度受控對象供給溫度較流通於中溫用流路37的第2冷卻液更高溫的第2冷卻液的模式。On the other hand, a low-
在以上說明的第5實施方式,藉由將第2冷卻液以第3熱交換器60及第2熱交換器50逐步冷卻,藉由抑制第2熱交換器50的第1冷卻液與第2冷卻液的溫度差,則可減輕對第2熱交換器50的負荷,能進行高可靠性的運轉。In the fifth embodiment described above, by gradually cooling the second cooling liquid through the
以上雖然針對本發明的各實施方式說明,而本發明並不限定於上述實施方式。例如也可採用以下說明的實施方式。Although the above has been described with respect to each embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, the embodiments described below may also be adopted.
<其他實施方式>
圖6所示的實施方式,與第2實施方式不同之處在於:第2實施方式的冷卻系統S2的第1冷卻液循環裝置20進一步具備有:流量調節流路28、及設置在流量調節流路28的流量調節閥29。流量調節流路28,是連接在:第2流路22的與內部熱交換器24連接的部分的上游側與下游側。流量調節閥29,是用來調節:從第2熱交換器50排出且流通於流量調節流路28的第1冷卻液的流量。流量調節閥29的開度藉由未圖示的控制器所控制。控制器也可以具有CPU、ROM等的電腦所構成。
<Other Embodiments>
The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 differs from the second embodiment in that the first
在圖6所示的實施方式,在第1流路21的內部熱交換器24的下游側設置有:用來檢測流通於第2熱交換器50的上游側的部分的第1冷卻液的溫度的第1溫度感應器71。在第2冷卻液流通裝置30,在供給側流路31的與第2熱交換器50連接的部分的下游側設置有:用來檢測流通於溫度受控對象的上游側的部分的第2冷卻液的溫度的第2溫度感應器72。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , on the downstream side of the
在圖6所示的實施方式,在第1溫度感應器71檢測出的第1冷卻液的溫度大於預定的第1冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥29讓流量調節閥29的開度變大,在第1溫度感應器71檢測出的第1冷卻液的溫度小於上述第1冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥29讓流量調節閥29的開度變小。或者在圖6所示的實施方式,在第2溫度感應器72檢測出的第2冷卻液的溫度大於預定的第2冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥29讓流量調節閥29的開度變大,在第2溫度感應器72檢測出的第2冷卻液的溫度小於上述第2冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥29讓流量調節閥29的開度變小。藉此,容易將溫度受控對象控溫在所需要的溫度且抑制能量消耗量。尤其藉由後者,在與溫度受控對象進行熱交換的第2冷卻液的溫度變動較大的情況,能有效提升溫度控制的回應性。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , when the temperature of the first cooling liquid detected by the
圖7所示的實施方式,與第3實施方式不同之處在於:第3實施方式的冷卻系統S3的第1冷卻液循環裝置20進一步具備有:設置在旁通流路25的流量調節閥25A。流量調節閥25A,用來調節流通於旁通流路25的第1冷卻液的流量。流量調節閥25A的開度藉由未圖示的控制器所控制。控制器也可以具有CPU、ROM等的電腦所構成。The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 differs from the third embodiment in that the first
在圖7所示的實施方式,與圖6所示的構造同樣地,設置有第1溫度感應器71與第2溫度感應器72。第1溫度感應器71,用來檢測在第1流路21的與旁通流路25連接的位置的下游側的部分流通的第1冷卻液的溫度。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , a
在圖7所示的實施方式,在第1溫度感應器71檢測出的第1冷卻液的溫度大於預定的第1冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥25A讓流量調節閥25A的開度變小,在第1溫度感應器71檢測出的第1冷卻液的溫度小於上述第1冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥25A讓流量調節閥25A的開度變大。或者在圖7所示的實施方式,在第2溫度感應器72檢測出的第2冷卻液的溫度大於預定的第2冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥25A讓流量調節閥25A的開度變小,在第2溫度感應器72檢測出的第2冷卻液的溫度小於上述第2冷卻液目標溫度的情況,則控制流量調節閥25A讓流量調節閥25A的開度變大。藉此,容易將溫度受控對象控溫在所需要的溫度且抑制能量消耗量。尤其藉由後者,在與溫度受控對象進行熱交換的第2冷卻液的溫度變動較大的情況,能有效提升溫度控制的回應性。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , when the temperature of the first coolant detected by the
10:冷凍循環裝置
11:壓縮機
12:冷卻器
13:回收熱交換器
14:膨脹機
15:冷媒循環通路
16:馬達
16A:驅動軸
17:熱旁通流路
18:調節閥
20:第1冷卻液循環裝置
21:第1流路
22:第2流路
23:第1冷卻液泵浦
30:第2冷卻液循環裝置
31:供給側流路
32:返回側流路
33:第2冷卻液泵浦
40:第1熱交換器
50:第2熱交換器
10: Refrigeration cycle device
11: Compressor
12: Cooler
13: Recovery heat exchanger
14: Expander
15: Refrigerant circulation path
16:
[圖1]是將第1實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖2]是將第2實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖3]是將第3實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖4]是將第4實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖5]是將第5實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖6]是將其他實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [圖7]是將其他實施方式的冷卻系統概略顯示的圖面。 [ Fig. 1 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system according to a first embodiment. [ Fig. 2 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system according to a second embodiment. [ Fig. 3 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system according to a third embodiment. [ Fig. 4 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system according to a fourth embodiment. [ Fig. 5 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system according to a fifth embodiment. [ Fig. 6 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system of another embodiment. [ Fig. 7 ] is a diagram schematically showing a cooling system of another embodiment.
10:冷凍循環裝置 10: Refrigeration cycle device
11:壓縮機 11: Compressor
12:冷卻器 12: Cooler
13:回收熱交換器 13: Recovery heat exchanger
14:膨脹機 14: Expander
15:冷媒循環通路 15: Refrigerant circulation path
16:馬達 16: Motor
16A:驅動軸 16A: Drive shaft
17:熱旁通流路 17: Thermal bypass flow path
18:調節閥 18: regulating valve
20:第1冷卻液循環裝置 20: The first coolant circulation device
21:第1流路 21: 1st channel
22:第2流路 22: Second channel
23:第1冷卻液泵浦 23: 1st coolant pump
30:第2冷卻液循環裝置 30: The second coolant circulation device
31:供給側流路 31: supply side flow path
32:返回側流路 32: return side flow path
33:第2冷卻液泵浦 33: 2nd coolant pump
40:第1熱交換器 40: 1st heat exchanger
50:第2熱交換器 50: 2nd heat exchanger
S1:冷卻系統 S1: cooling system
Claims (10)
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TW111136762A TW202323741A (en) | 2021-09-29 | 2022-09-28 | cooling system |
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US6148634A (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-21 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multistage rapid product refrigeration apparatus and method |
JP4318567B2 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2009-08-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Cooling system |
DE102006040191A1 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-13 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Cooling system for cooling heat loads on board in aircraft, has coupling system to selectively couple two cold carrier fluid circuits coupled to cold producing device and connected to corresponding heat load |
JP5896525B2 (en) * | 2012-05-14 | 2016-03-30 | 株式会社前川製作所 | Cooling equipment |
JP6540180B2 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2019-07-10 | 株式会社デンソー | Vehicle thermal management system |
JP6738642B2 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2020-08-12 | 美浜株式会社 | System that combines gas supply equipment and cooling equipment |
JP2018035951A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-08 | 株式会社デンソー | Refrigeration cycle device |
JP7214227B2 (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2023-01-30 | 伸和コントロールズ株式会社 | temperature control system |
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