TW202318076A

TW202318076A - Stereoscopic optical film for display device including a semi-cylindrical lens array and a transparent covering layer

Info

Publication number: TW202318076A
Application number: TW110139725A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 張修誠
Original assignee: 寶江科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-10-26
Filing date: 2021-10-26
Publication date: 2023-05-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a stereoscopic optical film for a display device, which relates to the autostereoscopic 3D technical field and includes a semi-cylindrical lens array and a transparent covering layer. The covering layer is positioned above the semi-cylindrical lens array and one side of the covering layer is laminated with the curved side of the semi-cylindrical lens array. The surface of the rugged semi-cylindrical lens array of the invention becomes flat, is not easily scratched, and is conducive to cleaning. It is not easy to leave foreign matters in the gap between adjacent lenses, thereby greatly improving the problem of poor imaging effect caused by easy damage and contamination of the existing stereoscopic display optical films.

Description

顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片Stereoscopic display optical film for display device

本發明是有關於裸眼3D技術領域，尤其涉及一種顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片。The invention relates to the field of glasses-free 3D technology, in particular to a three-dimensional display optical film for a display device.

近年來，以液晶顯示器(LCDs)作為資訊即時輸出的介面的產品都不斷的推陳出新，從PDA、手機、衛星導航系統、數位相機到液晶電視，涵蓋各種不同的類型和尺寸。其中3D顯示已是未來顯示器的主流發展技術之一。3D立體顯示器主要分為戴眼鏡式及裸眼式兩種。以目前市場應用狀況而言，戴眼鏡式顯示器具備較廣視角可觀看功能，在大尺寸幕較能符合消費者使用習慣與情境，如電影院投影屏幕、電視、筆記型電腦顯示器。而裸眼式因視角限制，適合單人使用，加上觀看距離較短，考慮便利性，反而較適合應用於小尺寸屏幕，如數位相框、相機屏幕與手機屏幕。裸眼式3D顯示器技術已經發展了一段時間，至少可分為全像式、體積式、多平面式與2D多工式技術類別。其中以2D多工式與現有TFT平面顯示技術最相容，可再分為時間多工式與空間多工式。In recent years, products that use liquid crystal displays (LCDs) as the interface for real-time output of information have been continuously introduced, ranging from PDAs, mobile phones, satellite navigation systems, digital cameras to LCD TVs, covering various types and sizes. Among them, 3D display is already one of the mainstream development technologies of future displays. 3D stereoscopic displays are mainly divided into two types: glasses-wearing type and naked-eye type. As far as the current market application is concerned, the display with glasses has a wider viewing angle and can be viewed on a large screen, which is more suitable for consumers' usage habits and scenarios, such as cinema projection screens, TVs, and notebook computer monitors. The naked-eye type is suitable for single use due to the limited viewing angle. In addition, the viewing distance is relatively short, and considering the convenience, it is more suitable for small-sized screens, such as digital photo frames, camera screens, and mobile phone screens. Glasses-free 3D display technology has been developed for a period of time, and can be at least divided into holographic, volumetric, multi-plane and 2D multiplex technology categories. Among them, the 2D multiplexing method is most compatible with the existing TFT flat panel display technology, and can be further divided into time multiplexing and space multiplexing.

時間多工式採用120Hz快速切換液晶，解析度較高，為空間多工式的兩倍。目前以3M公司與Mitsubishi集團所一起推出的指向背光（directional backlight）技術為主流，其利用背光模組的LED發出序列式光源，可配合面板顯示影像被分別投射至左右眼，造成視差而產生3D效果。其關鍵便在於3M公司的3D光學膜（3D optical film）。此種膜結構所需超精密加工技術，且3M已將相關專利佈局完整。因此目前雖然相關商品的市場反應熱烈，例如富士FINEPIXReal3D系列的數位相機以及數位相框均採此時間多工方式顯示3D影像，但鑒於制程與專利因素，國內顯示器廠商發展相關3D顯示技術的障礙仍高。The time multiplexing mode adopts 120Hz fast switching liquid crystal, and the resolution is higher, which is twice that of the space multiplexing mode. At present, the directional backlight (directional backlight) technology jointly launched by 3M Company and Mitsubishi Group is the mainstream. It uses the LEDs of the backlight module to emit sequential light sources, which can be projected to the left and right eyes in conjunction with the panel display image, causing parallax to produce 3D Effect. The key lies in 3M's 3D optical film (3D optical film). This kind of membrane structure requires ultra-precision processing technology, and 3M has completed the relevant patent layout. Therefore, although the market response for related products is enthusiastic, for example, Fuji FINEPIXReal3D series digital cameras and digital photo frames adopt this time-multiplexing method to display 3D images, but due to manufacturing process and patent factors, domestic display manufacturers still face high obstacles in developing related 3D display technologies. .

空間多工式分為利用柱狀鏡面膜片的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列式(lensticular lens array)與利用黑白光柵片的平行遮罩式(parallax barrier)。半圓柱狀透鏡陣列式(lensticular lens array)的優點在於不會犧牲屏幕亮度，不過多視角時會造成解析度嚴重下降的問題，但由於透鏡的製作精度以及與顯示面板對位准度的困難度極高，因此製作成本高於平行遮罩式。平行遮罩式(parallax barrier)採用印刷式光學膜設計，因此成本較柱狀透鏡低，應用於3D顯示技術時，只要在面板系統組裝過程當中，增加一道制程即可。此兩種空間多工式雖可顯示出立體影像，但低立體影像解析度為其缺點。The spatial multiplexing method is divided into a semi-cylindrical lens array using a cylindrical mirror film and a parallel mask using a black and white grating film (parallax barrier). The advantage of the semi-cylindrical lens array (lenstic lens array) is that it will not sacrifice the brightness of the screen, but it will cause a serious drop in resolution when there are multiple viewing angles. However, due to the manufacturing accuracy of the lens and the difficulty of aligning with the display panel Extremely high, so the production cost is higher than the parallel mask type. The parallel mask (parallax barrier) adopts the printed optical film design, so the cost is lower than that of the lenticular lens. When it is applied to the 3D display technology, it only needs to add another process during the assembly process of the panel system. Although these two spatial multiplexing methods can display stereoscopic images, they have a disadvantage of low stereoscopic image resolution.

上述空間多工式之半圓柱狀透鏡陣列式(lensticular lens array)雖然成本高於平行遮罩式，但因亮度較高關係，在市場仍廣為使用。圖4為空間多工式的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列式(lensticular lens array)的原理圖，其特點為將柱狀鏡膜片與面版像素對位貼合，即可提供左眼接收的影像及供右眼接收的影像，經視覺合併後而形成一立體影像，此技術的優點是實施方式簡單。但存在下述缺點;第一:最外層為柱狀結構，易因異物污染、刮傷與清潔不易影響立體影像。第二:柱狀結構的曲率半徑大，週期小，輪廓深度極小，加工時易因轉寫率不佳造成光學效果偏離設計值；第三:使用者易觀察到莫爾條紋,使品位降低。Although the cost of the semi-cylindrical lens array (lensticular lens array) of the above spatial multiplexing type is higher than that of the parallel mask type, it is still widely used in the market due to its higher brightness. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a semi-cylindrical lens array (lensticular lens array) with spatial multiplexing, which is characterized in that the cylindrical lens diaphragm is aligned with the panel pixels to provide images received by the left eye and The images received by the right eye are visually combined to form a stereoscopic image. The advantage of this technology is that the implementation is simple. But there are following disadvantages; first: the outermost layer is a columnar structure, which is easy to affect the three-dimensional image due to foreign matter pollution, scratches and cleaning. Second: The columnar structure has a large radius of curvature, small period, and extremely small contour depth. During processing, the optical effect may deviate from the design value due to poor transfer rate;

本發明的目的在於：為解決現有技術中的顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片中的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列式膜片存在表面易因異物污染和清潔不易從而影響最終顯示裝置裸眼3D成像的問題，本發明提供一種顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the surface of the semi-cylindrical lens array film in the stereoscopic display optical film for display devices in the prior art is easily polluted by foreign matter and difficult to clean, thus affecting the naked-eye 3D imaging of the final display device. The invention provides a stereoscopic display optical film for a display device.

本發明的技術方案如下：Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

一種顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，包括半圓柱狀透鏡陣列和透明覆蓋層，所述覆蓋層位於半圓柱狀透鏡陣列上方且其一側與半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的曲面側貼合。A three-dimensional display optical film for a display device, comprising a semi-cylindrical lens array and a transparent cover layer, the cover layer is located above the semi-cylindrical lens array and one side of the cover layer is bonded to the curved side of the semi-cylindrical lens array.

進一步地，所述覆蓋層的折射率n ₁大小滿足： n ₁

n ₂，其中，n ₂為所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的折射率，所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列中單個透鏡的曲率半徑為

,其中，

為所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的折光力。 Further, the refractive index n ₁ of the covering layer satisfies: n ₁

n ₂ , wherein, n ₂ is the refractive index of the semi-cylindrical lens array, and the radius of curvature of a single lens in the semi-cylindrical lens array is

,in,

is the refractive power of the semicylindrical lens array.

優選地，所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的多個透鏡之間一體成型。Preferably, the plurality of lenses of the semi-cylindrical lens array are integrally formed.

進一步地，所述覆蓋層的表面為次微米結構。Further, the surface of the covering layer has a submicron structure.

採用上述方案後，本發明的有益效果在於：After adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

（1）本發明的凹凸不平的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列表面變得平坦，不易被刮傷，而且有利於清潔，不容易殘留異物在相鄰透鏡之間的縫隙中，從而較大的改善了現有的立體光學顯示膜片容易被損傷和污染引起的成像效果不佳的問題。(1) The surface of the uneven semi-cylindrical lens array of the present invention becomes flat, not easy to be scratched, and is conducive to cleaning, and it is not easy to leave foreign matter in the gap between adjacent lenses, thereby greatly improving the existing The stereoscopic optical display film is easy to be damaged and polluted, which causes poor imaging effect.

（2）坦化後的表面不易由顯微鏡等光學方式檢測折射率的分布以及微結構形貌，可防止其他廠商的仿制。(2) The surface after tanning is not easy to detect the distribution of refractive index and microstructure morphology by optical means such as microscopes, which can prevent imitation by other manufacturers.

（3）減小了莫式條紋。(3) Reduced Morse fringes.

（4）曲率半徑減小後的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列兩個相鄰透鏡之間的轉寫率增大，大大減小了半圓柱狀透鏡陣列加工過程的難度，避免了因為轉寫率不佳而造成膜片光學效果偏離設計值的問題。(4) The transfer rate between the two adjacent lenses of the semi-cylindrical lens array after the radius of curvature is reduced increases, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the processing of the semi-cylindrical lens array and avoids problems caused by poor transfer rates. As a result, the optical effect of the diaphragm deviates from the design value.

（5）一體成型的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列更容易加工。(5) The integrally formed semi-cylindrical lens array is easier to process.

如圖3所示，顯示裝置中顯示圖像的像素11，像素11的上方為玻璃片12，即顯示裝置的屏幕，玻璃片的上方為上偏振片13，上偏振片13的上方貼合由半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141和覆蓋層142組成的光學膜片14,像素11經過半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141和覆蓋層142後經過右眼光線15a到達使用者的右眼16a，經過左眼光線15b後到達使用者的左眼16b，從而實現了立體顯示。As shown in Figure 3, the pixel 11 of the display image in the display device, the top of the pixel 11 is a glass sheet 12, that is, the screen of the display device, the top of the glass sheet is an upper polarizer 13, and the top of the upper polarizer 13 is bonded by The optical film 14 composed of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 and the cover layer 142, the pixel 11 passes through the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 and the cover layer 142, passes through the right-eye light 15a, reaches the user's right eye 16a, and passes through the left-eye light 15b. It reaches the user's left eye 16b, thereby realizing stereoscopic display.

下面，將結合多個實施例對本發明進行更加清楚、完整的說明。Below, the present invention will be described more clearly and completely in conjunction with multiple embodiments.

實施例1Example 1

本實施例中，在半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的上方貼合了透明覆蓋層142，且覆蓋層142的一側與半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的曲面側貼合，半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141和覆蓋層142共同組成了本發明的立體顯示光學膜片，具體結構如圖1所示。對於現有的膜片而言，如圖2所示，半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141是直接暴露在外部的，表面為凹凸不平的結構，如圖1所示，而本實施例中覆蓋層142的設置使得原本凹凸不平的表面變得平坦，不易被刮傷，而且有利於清潔，不容易殘留異物在相鄰透鏡之間的縫隙中，從而較大的改善了現有的立體光學顯示膜片容易被損傷和污染引起的成像效果不佳的問題。同時，在半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的上方增加了一層結構，平坦化後的表面不易由顯微鏡等光學方式檢測折射率的分布於微結構形貌，可防止其他廠商的仿制。In this embodiment, a transparent covering layer 142 is attached above the semicylindrical lens array 141, and one side of the covering layer 142 is attached to the curved surface side of the semicylindrical lens array, and the semicylindrical lens array 141 and the covering layer 142 together constitute the stereoscopic display optical film of the present invention, the specific structure of which is shown in FIG. 1 . For the existing diaphragm, as shown in Figure 2, the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 is directly exposed to the outside, and the surface is an uneven structure, as shown in Figure 1, and the setting of the covering layer 142 in this embodiment It makes the original uneven surface flat, not easy to be scratched, and is conducive to cleaning, and it is not easy to leave foreign matter in the gap between adjacent lenses, thus greatly improving the existing three-dimensional optical display film that is easy to be damaged And the problem of poor imaging effect caused by pollution. At the same time, a layer of structure is added above the semi-cylindrical lens array 141, and the planarized surface is not easy to detect the distribution of the refractive index and the microstructure morphology by optical means such as a microscope, which can prevent imitation by other manufacturers.

在未覆蓋覆蓋層142的時候，半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的折光力F ₁為： When the cover layer 142 is not covered, the refractive power _F1 of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 is:

代表半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的折射率；在覆蓋了覆蓋層142的時候，整個光學膜片的折光力F ₂為：

Representing the refractive index of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141; when covering the cover layer 142, the refractive power _F of the entire optical film is:

其中，

代表覆蓋層142的折射率。如果要保證覆蓋前和覆蓋後的成像效果不受影響，必須要保證覆蓋前和覆蓋後的折光力不變，覆蓋層的折射率n ₁大小滿足： n ₁

n ₂，在保證了折光力

=

後，必須要保證半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的曲率半徑相對於現有技術進行減小，

，曲率半徑減小前（現有技術）的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141結構示意圖如圖2所示，曲率半徑減小後（現有技術）的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141結構示意圖如圖3所示，曲率半徑減小後的半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141的兩個相鄰透鏡之間的轉寫率增大，大大減小了半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141加工過程的難度，避免了因為轉寫率不佳而造成膜片光學效果偏離設計值的問題。 in,

represents the refractive index of the cladding layer 142 . If you want to ensure that the imaging effect before and after covering is not affected, you must ensure that the refractive power before and after covering remains unchanged, and the refractive index n ₁ of the covering layer satisfies: n ₁

n ₂ , when the refractive power is guaranteed

=

Finally, it must be ensured that the radius of curvature of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 is reduced compared to the prior art,

, the structure diagram of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 before the radius of curvature is reduced (the prior art) is shown in Figure 2, and the structure diagram of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 after the radius of curvature is reduced (the prior art) is shown in Figure 3, the curvature The transfer rate between the two adjacent lenses of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 after the radius is reduced increases, which greatly reduces the difficulty of the processing of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 and avoids failure due to poor transfer rate. This causes the problem that the optical effect of the diaphragm deviates from the design value.

實施例2Example 2

在實施例1的基礎上，覆蓋層142的表面為次微米結構17，次微米結構的表面使得覆蓋層12的表面再次粗糙化，降低了表面反射，能夠提升消費使用時的舒適感。雖然平坦化的表面具有耐刮特性，但是由於次微米結構17的粗糙程度遠遠小於半圓柱狀透鏡陣列141表面的粗糙程度，因此還是具有耐刮特性，不易因外力刮傷。On the basis of Example 1, the surface of the covering layer 142 has a sub-micron structure 17, and the surface of the sub-micron structure makes the surface of the covering layer 12 rough again, reduces surface reflection, and can improve the comfort during consumption and use. Although the flattened surface is scratch-resistant, since the roughness of the submicron structure 17 is much smaller than that of the semi-cylindrical lens array 141 , it is still scratch-resistant and not easily scratched by external force.

11:像素 12:玻璃片 13:上偏振片 14:光學膜片 141:半圓柱狀透鏡陣列 142:覆蓋層 15a:右眼光線 15b:左眼光線 16a:右眼 16b:左眼 17:次微米結構 r:曲率半徑 11: Pixel 12: glass sheet 13: Upper polarizer 14: Optical film 141: semi-cylindrical lens array 142: Overlay 15a: Right eye light 15b: Left eye light 16a: right eye 16b: left eye 17: Submicron structure r: radius of curvature

圖1為本發明的立體顯示光學膜片的結構示意圖。圖2為現有技術的立體顯示光學膜片的結構示意圖。圖3為本發明的立體顯示光學膜片使用時的光路原理圖。圖4為本現有技術的立體顯示光學膜片使用時的光路原理圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the stereoscopic display optical film of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an optical film for stereoscopic display in the prior art. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the stereoscopic display optical film of the present invention is used. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the stereoscopic display optical film in the prior art.

141:半圓柱狀透鏡陣列 141: semi-cylindrical lens array

142:覆蓋層 142: Overlay

17:次微米結構 17: Submicron structure

r:曲率半徑 r: radius of curvature

Claims

一種顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，其特徵在於，包括半圓柱狀透鏡陣列和透明覆蓋層，所述覆蓋層位於半圓柱狀透鏡陣列上方且其一側與半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的曲面側貼合。A stereoscopic display optical film for a display device, characterized in that it comprises a semi-cylindrical lens array and a transparent covering layer, the covering layer is located above the semi-cylindrical lens array and one side thereof is attached to the curved side of the semi-cylindrical lens array combine.

如請求項1所述的顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，其中，所述覆蓋層的折射率n ₁大小滿足： n ₁＜ n ₂，其中，n ₂為所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的折射率，所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列中單個透鏡的曲率半徑為r = (n ₂-n ₁)/F ₁，其中，F ₁為所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的折光力。 The three-dimensional display optical film for a display device according to Claim 1, wherein the refractive index _n1 of the covering layer satisfies: _n1 < _n2 , where _n2 is the refractive index of the semi-cylindrical lens array The radius of curvature of a single lens in the semi-cylindrical lens array is r = (n ₂ -n ₁ )/F ₁ , where F ₁ is the refractive power of the semi-cylindrical lens array.

如請求項1或2所述的顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，其中，所述半圓柱狀透鏡陣列的多個透鏡之間一體成型。The three-dimensional display optical film for a display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of lenses of the semi-cylindrical lens array are integrally formed.

如請求項3所述的顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，其中，所述覆蓋層的表面為次微米結構。The three-dimensional display optical film for a display device according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the covering layer has a submicron structure.

如請求項1或2所述的顯示裝置用立體顯示光學膜片，其中，所述覆蓋層的表面為次微米結構。The three-dimensional display optical film for a display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the covering layer has a submicron structure.