TW202230949A - Multiphase switching converter and associated controller and control method thereof - Google Patents

Multiphase switching converter and associated controller and control method thereof Download PDF

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TW202230949A
TW202230949A TW111103371A TW111103371A TW202230949A TW 202230949 A TW202230949 A TW 202230949A TW 111103371 A TW111103371 A TW 111103371A TW 111103371 A TW111103371 A TW 111103371A TW 202230949 A TW202230949 A TW 202230949A
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current
signal
circuit
output
control
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TW111103371A
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TWI814223B (en
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姜禮節
許彬慈
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美商茂力科技股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiphase switching converter and associated controller and control method. The multiphase switching converter has a plurality of switching circuits. The controller has a voltage control circuit, a total current control circuit, a frequency division circuit, and a plurality of sub-control circuits. The voltage control circuit generates an on-time control signal based on a voltage reference signal and an output voltage. The total current control circuit generates a current control signal based on a current reference signal and a total output current of the plurality of switching circuits. The frequency division circuit generates a plurality of frequency division signals based on the on-time control signal, and each sub-control circuit generates a corresponding switching control signal based on a corresponding frequency division signal and the current control signal.

Description

多相開關變換器及其控制器和控制方法Multiphase switching converter and its controller and control method

本發明涉及電子電路，特別地，涉及多相開關變換器及其控制器和控制方法。The present invention relates to electronic circuits, and in particular, to a multiphase switching converter and its controller and control method.

近年來，隨著一些高性能處理器的出現，需要輸出電壓更小、輸出電流更大的開關變換器，對開關變換器的熱性能及動態回應性能的要求也越來越高。多相開關變換器以其優越的性能得到了越來越廣泛的應用。多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起為負載提供能量。然而，需要設計一種多相開關變換器，既可以為各相開關電路提供過電流保護，也能夠保證多相開關變化器的穩定運行。In recent years, with the emergence of some high-performance processors, switching converters with smaller output voltage and larger output current are required, and the requirements for thermal performance and dynamic response performance of switching converters are also higher and higher. Multiphase switching converters have been used more and more widely because of their superior performance. The multi-phase switching converter includes a plurality of switching circuits, and the output terminals of the plurality of switching circuits are coupled together to provide energy for a load. However, a multi-phase switching converter needs to be designed, which can not only provide overcurrent protection for each phase switching circuit, but also ensure the stable operation of the multi-phase switching converter.

本發明的目的在於解決現有技術中的上述問題，提出一種多相開關變換器及其控制器和控制方法。 依據本發明實施例的一種用於多相開關變換器的控制器，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制器產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通，該控制器包括：電壓控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路的輸出端，基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；總電流控制電路，基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；分頻電路，具有輸入端和多個輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至電壓控制電路以接收導通控制信號，分頻電路根據導通控制信號在多個輸出端產生多個分頻信號；多個過流檢測電路，每個過流檢測電路均具有輸入端和輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至相應的開關電路，每個過流檢測電路基於流過相應開關電路的電流檢測相應開關電路是否過流，在其輸出端產生過流信號；以及多個子控制電路，每個子控制電路均具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端、第三輸入端、和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，第三輸入端耦接至相應過流檢測電路的輸出端以接收過流信號，輸出端基於分頻信號、電流控制信號、以及過流信號產生相應的開關控制信號。  　　依據本發明實施例的一種用於多相開關變換器的控制器，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制器產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通，該控制器包括：電壓控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路的輸出端，基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；總電流控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路，基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；分頻電路，具有輸入端和多個輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至電壓控制電路以接收導通控制信號，分頻電路根據導通控制信號在多個輸出端產生多個分頻信號；以及多個子控制電路，每個子控制電路均具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端、和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，基於分頻信號和電流控制信號在輸出端產生相應的開關控制信號。  　　依據本發明實施例的一種多相開關變換器，包括多個開關電路，所述多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓；以及如上所述的控制器。  　　依據本發明實施例的一種用於多相開關變換器的控制方法，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制方法包括：基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；以及基於導通控制信號和電流控制信號產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通；其中當多個開關電路的總輸出電流大於電流參考信號時，當前相開關電路維持關斷，直至多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號時，基於輸出電壓和電壓參考信號控制當前相開關電路導通；以及當檢測到當前相開關電路過流時，當前相開關電路保持關斷，進入對下一相開關電路的控制。  　　在本發明的實施例，多相開關變換器對總輸出電流的控制增加了系統的安全性，使多相開關變換器可以自動、且平滑的在調節輸出電壓和調節總輸出電流之間切換，並且避免了總輸出電流持續增大導致的各開關電路之間電流的不均衡。 The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and propose a multi-phase switching converter and its controller and control method. A controller for a multi-phase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-phase switching converter includes a plurality of switch circuits, the output ends of the plurality of switch circuits are coupled together to provide an output voltage, the controller A plurality of switch control signals are generated to control the plurality of switch circuits to be turned on in sequence, the controller includes: a voltage control circuit, coupled to the output ends of the plurality of switch circuits, and generates a turn-on control signal based on the voltage reference signal and the output voltage; total current control The circuit generates a current control signal based on the current reference signal and the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits; the frequency dividing circuit has an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, wherein the input terminal is coupled to the voltage control circuit to receive the conduction control signal, and the frequency dividing circuit The circuit generates a plurality of frequency division signals at a plurality of output ends according to the conduction control signal; a plurality of overcurrent detection circuits, each of which has an input end and an output end, wherein the input end is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit, each an overcurrent detection circuit detects whether the corresponding switch circuit is overcurrent based on the current flowing through the corresponding switch circuit, and generates an overcurrent signal at its output; and a plurality of sub-control circuits, each of which has a first input end, a second input terminal, a third input terminal, and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to the corresponding output terminal of the frequency dividing circuit to receive the frequency dividing signal; the second input terminal is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal; The three input terminals are coupled to the output terminal of the corresponding overcurrent detection circuit to receive the overcurrent signal, and the output terminal generates the corresponding switch control signal based on the frequency division signal, the current control signal, and the overcurrent signal. A controller for a multi-phase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-phase switching converter includes a plurality of switch circuits, the output ends of the plurality of switch circuits are coupled together to provide an output voltage, the controller A plurality of switch control signals are generated to control the plurality of switch circuits to be turned on in sequence, the controller includes: a voltage control circuit, coupled to the output ends of the plurality of switch circuits, and generates a turn-on control signal based on the voltage reference signal and the output voltage; total current control A circuit, coupled to a plurality of switch circuits, generates a current control signal based on a current reference signal and a total output current of the plurality of switch circuits; a frequency dividing circuit, which has an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, wherein the input terminal is coupled to the voltage control circuit to receiving a conduction control signal, the frequency dividing circuit generates a plurality of frequency dividing signals at a plurality of output ends according to the conduction control signal; and a plurality of sub-control circuits, each sub-control circuit has a first input end, a second input end, and an output end, The first input terminal is coupled to the corresponding output terminal of the frequency division circuit to receive the frequency division signal, and the second input terminal is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal, which is generated at the output terminal based on the frequency division signal and the current control signal corresponding switch control signal. A multi-phase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of switching circuits, the output ends of the plurality of switching circuits are coupled together to provide an output voltage; and the controller as described above. A control method for a multi-phase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-phase switching converter includes a plurality of switch circuits, the output ends of the plurality of switch circuits are coupled together to provide an output voltage, the control method Including: generating a conduction control signal based on a voltage reference signal and an output voltage; generating a current control signal based on the current reference signal and the total output current of a plurality of switch circuits; and generating a plurality of switch control signals based on the conduction control signal and the current control signal to control The multiple switch circuits are turned on in sequence; when the total output current of the multiple switch circuits is greater than the current reference signal, the current-phase switch circuit remains off until the total output current of the multiple switch circuits is less than the current reference signal, based on the output voltage and the current reference signal. The voltage reference signal controls the current phase switch circuit to be turned on; and when the current phase switch circuit is detected to be overcurrent, the current phase switch circuit is kept off and enters the control of the next phase switch circuit. In the embodiment of the present invention, the control of the total output current by the multiphase switching converter increases the security of the system, so that the multiphase switching converter can automatically and smoothly switch between adjusting the output voltage and adjusting the total output current, In addition, the current imbalance between the switching circuits caused by the continuous increase of the total output current is avoided.

下面將詳細描述本發明的具體實施例，應當注意，這裡描述的實施例只用於舉例說明，並不用於限制本發明。在以下描述中，為了提供對本發明的透徹理解，闡述了大量特定細節。然而，對於本領域普通技術人員顯而易見的是：不必採用這些特定細節來實行本發明。在其他實例中，為了避免混淆本發明，未具體描述公知的電路、材料或方法。 在整個說明書中，對“一個實施例”、“實施例”、“一個示例”或“示例”的提及意味著：結合該實施例或示例描述的特定特徵、結構或特性被包含在本發明至少一個實施例中。因此，在整個說明書的各個地方出現的短語“在一個實施例中”、“在實施例中”、“一個示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一實施例或示例。此外，可以以任何適當的組合和/或子組合將特定的特徵、結構或特性組合在一個或多個實施例或示例中。此外，本領域普通技術人員應當理解，在此提供的圖式都是為了說明的目的，並且圖式不一定是按比例繪製。應當理解，當稱元件“連接到”或“耦接到”另一元件時，它可以是直接連接或耦接到另一元件或者可以存在中間元件。相反，當稱元件“直接連接到”或“直接耦接到”另一元件時，不存在中間元件。相同的圖式標記指示相同的元件。這裡使用的術語“和/或”包括一個或多個相關列出的專案的任何和所有組合。  　　本發明實施例提供一種包括多個開關電路的多相開關變換器，在正常工作狀態下，各個開關電路基於多相開關變換器的輸出電壓和多個開關電路的總輸出電流被依次導通。在多個開關電路的總輸出電流大於電流參考信號時，多相開關變換器控制相應的開關電路暫時不導通，直至多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號，多相開關變換器基於輸出電壓控制相應的開關電路導通。以及在檢測到當前相開關電路過流時，多相開關變換器跳過當前相開關電路並保持其餘相開關電路正常工作。本發明實施例中，“當前相開關電路”或“相應的開關電路”是指按次序應當被導通的開關電路。以下以使用恆定導通時間控制的多相開關變換器為例來描述各實施例。  　　圖1示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器100的電路方塊圖。多相開關變換器100包括控制器20以及多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n，其中n是大於或等於2的整數。開關電路10-1，10-2……10-n的輸入端接收輸入電壓Vin，輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓Vo，為負載102供電。開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n可採用任何直流/直流(DC/DC)或交流/直流(AC/DC)變換拓撲結構，例如同步或非同步的升壓、降壓變換器，以及正激、反激變換器等。輸出電容105耦接在開關電路10-1，10-2，……10-n的輸出端和參考地之間。  　　控制器20產生多個控制信號PWM1，PWM2，……PWMn，以控制多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n依次導通。控制器20包括電壓控制電路21、分頻電路22、總電流控制電路23、以及多個子控制電路25-1，25-2，……25-n。電壓控制電路21耦接至多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n的輸出端，基於電壓參考信號Vref和輸出電壓Vo產生導通控制信號Set，例如根據電壓參考信號Vref和代表了輸出電壓Vo的電壓回饋信號Vfb的比較結果，產生導通控制信號Set。分頻電路22具有輸入端和多個輸出端，其中分頻電路22的輸入端耦接至電壓控制電路21以接收導通控制信號Set，分頻電路22根據導通控制信號Set在其多個輸出端產生多個分頻信號FD1，FD2，……FDn。總電流控制電路23基於電流參考信號Iref0和多個開關電路的總輸出電流Io產生電流控制信號Ictrl，例如根據電流參考信號Iref0和代表了總輸出電流Io的電流回饋信號Imon的比較結果，產生電流控制信號Ictrl。每個子控制電路25-i(i=1，2，……n)均具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中子控制電路25-i的第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路22的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號FDi，子控制電路25-i的第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路23以接收電流控制信號Ictrl，子控制電路25-i基於分頻信號FDi和電流控制信號Ictrl在其輸出端產生相應的開關控制信號PWMi。在一個實施例中，在多個開關電路的總輸出電流Io或電流回饋信號Imon大於電流參考信號Iref0時，多相開關變換器100控制當前相開關電路暫時不導通，直至多個開關電路的總輸出電流Io或電流回饋信號Imon小於電流參考信號Iref0，多相開關變換器100基於輸出電壓Vo控制當前相開關電路導通，例如當輸出電壓Vo或電壓回饋信號Vfb小於電壓參考信號Vref時，控制當前相開關電路導通。  　　在一個實施例中，控制器20進一步包括多個過流檢測電路24-1,24-2，……24-n。每個過流檢測電路24-i(i=1，2，……n)均具有輸入端和輸出端，過流檢測電路24-i的輸入端耦接至相應的開關電路10-i，過流檢測電路24-i基於流過相應開關電路10-i的電流檢測相應開關電路10-i是否過流，在其輸出端產生過流信號OCi。例如根據代表了流過相應開關電路10-i電流的電流採樣信號CSi(i=1，2，……n)，檢測相應開關電路10-i是否過流，並產生過流信號OCi。在一個實施例中，當檢測到當前相開關電路過流時，多相開關變換器100跳過當前相開關電路並保持其餘相開關電路正常工作。在一個實施例中，子控制電路25-i(i=1，2，……n)進一步包括第三輸入端，耦接至相應的過流檢測電路24-i的輸出端以接收過流信號OCi，子控制電路25-i的輸出端基於分頻信號FDi、電流控制信號Ictrl、以及過流信號OCi產生相應的開關控制信號PWMi。  　　在一個實施例中，控制器20進一步包括總電流計算電路26，具有多個輸入端和輸出端，總電流計算電路26的多個輸入端分別耦接至多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n以接收多個電流採樣信號CS1，CS2，……CSn，總電流計算電路26的輸出端根據多個電流採樣信號CS1，CS2，……CSn提供代表了多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n的總輸出電流的電流回饋信號Imon。其中電流採樣信號CS1，CS2，……CSn分別代表了流過相應開關電路的電流。  　　在一個實施例中，多相開關變換器100進一步包括電壓採樣電路101。電壓採樣電路101採樣輸出電壓Vo，並根據輸出電壓Vo產生電壓回饋信號Vfb。在一個實施例中，控制器20還包括產生斜坡補償信號的斜坡補償電路，該斜坡補償信號可被疊加至輸出電壓Vo或代表輸出電壓Vo的電壓回饋信號Vfb，亦可從電壓參考信號Vref中被減去。  　　圖2示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器100的控制方法流程圖200，包括步驟S21~S26。  　　在步驟S21，開始對當前相開關電路10-i的控制。  　　在步驟S22，判斷總輸出電流Io是否小於電流參考信號Iref0，是則至步驟S23，否則繼續判斷。  　　在步驟S23，判斷輸出電壓Vo是否小於電壓參考信號Vref，是則至步驟S24，否則至步驟S22。  　　在步驟S24，判斷當前相開關電路10-i是否過流，是則至步驟S26，否則至步驟S25。  　　在步驟S25，導通當前相開關電路10-i，之後至步驟S26。  　　在步驟S26，進入對下一相開關電路的控制。  　　根據本發明的實施例，多相開關變換器對總輸出電流的控制增加了CPU負載的安全性，使多相開關變換器可以自動、且平滑的在調節輸出電壓和調節總輸出電流之間切換，並且避免了總輸出電流持續增大導致的各開關電路之間電流的不均衡。  　　圖3示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示子控制電路25-i的電路原理圖。在圖3所示的實施例中，子控制電路25-i包括邏輯電路251以及觸發電路252。邏輯電路251具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路22的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號FDi，其第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路23以接收電流控制信號Ictrl，輸出端根據分頻信號FDi、電流控制信號Ictrl產生設定信號SETi。在一個實施例中，邏輯電路251進一步具有接收過流信號OCi的第三輸入端，邏輯電路251根據分頻信號FDi、電流控制信號Ictrl、和過流信號OCi在其輸出端產生設定信號SETi。觸發電路252具有設定端S、重設端R、以及輸出端Q，設定端S耦接至邏輯電路251以接收設定信號SETi，重設端R接收控制相應開關電路10-i導通時長的導通時長控制信號COTi，輸出端耦接至相應開關電路10-i以提供開關控制信號PWMi。  　　在一個實施例中，子控制電路25-i進一步包括導通時長控制電路253。導通時長控制電路253根據開關控制信號PWMi和導通時長信號TONi產生導通時長控制信號COTi，以控制相應開關電路10-i的導通時長。開關電路10-i的導通時長TONi可被設置為恆定值，也可以是與輸入電壓Vin和/或輸出電壓Vo有關的可變值。  　　圖4示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示總電流計算電路26的電路原理圖。在一個實施例中，總電流計算電路26包括電流加成電路261和輸出電路262。電流加成電路261耦接至多個開關電路10-1,10-2，……10-n以接收多個電流採樣信號CS1，CS2，……CSn，所述電流加成電路基於多個電流採樣信號CS1，CS2，……CSn提供電流加成信號Iinh, 代表了多個電流採樣信號之和CS1+CS2+……+CSn。輸出電路262根據電流加成信號Iinh，在其輸出端提供代表了多個開關電路的總輸出電流的電流回饋信號Imon。在一個實施例中，電流加成電路261包括多個電阻26-1,26-2，……26-n，每個電阻26-i(i=1，2，……n)的一端接收相應的電流採樣信號CSi，另一端耦接在一起提供電流加成信號Iinh。在一個實施例中，輸出電路262包括電流鏡263、偏置電路264、以及輸出電阻265。電流鏡263的輸入端接收電流加成信號Iinh，偏置端耦接至偏置電路264，輸出端輸出電流加成信號Iinh的鏡像電流Iexh。鏡像電流Iexh流過輸出電阻265，在輸出電阻265兩端產生電壓，作為電流回饋信號Imon。在一個實施例中，電流回饋信號Imon可由以下公式(1)表示。

Figure 02_image001
其中Bias表示輸出電路262偏置端的電壓。Gain表示由電流加成電路261及電流鏡263帶來的增益。  　　圖5示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示分頻電路22的狀態轉移圖500，包括狀態50，狀態50-1，50-2，……50-n。  　　在狀態50，分頻電路22完成初始配置，之後轉移至狀態51-1。  　　在狀態51-1，當導通控制信號Set有效，例如為高位準時，分頻信號FD1有效，例如變為高位準。當開關控制信號PWM1控制開關電路10-1導通，例如PWM1=1，或檢測到開關電路10-1過流時，轉移至狀態51-2。  　　在狀態51-2，當導通控制信號Set有效，例如為高位準時，分頻信號FD2有效，例如變為高位準。當開關控制信號PWM2控制開關電路10-2導通，例如PWM2=1，或檢測到開關電路10-2過流時，轉移至下一狀態。直至進入狀態51-n。  　　在狀態51-n，當導通控制信號Set有效，例如為高位準時，分頻信號FDn有效，例如變為高位準。當開關控制信號PWMn控制開關電路10-n導通，例如PWMn=1，或檢測到開關電路10-n過流時，轉移至狀態51-1。以此反覆。  　　圖6示出了根據本發明另一實施例的多相開關變換器100的電路方塊圖。圖6所示的實施例中，開關電路10-i(i=1，2，……n)包括驅動電路61-i，上側開關電晶體62-i、下側開關電晶體63-i、以及電感64-i，每個開關電路10-i進一步包括電流採樣電路65-i，用於採樣流過開關電路10-i的電流，例如採樣流過電感64-i的電流，或採樣流過上側開關電晶體62-i和/或下側開關電晶體63-i的電流，並提供電流採樣信號CSi。  　　圖7示出了根據本發明另一實施例的控制器20的電路方塊圖。圖7所示的實施例中，電壓控制電路21包括比較器CMP1，具有同相輸入端、反相輸入端和輸出端，其同相輸入端接收電壓參考信號Vref，其反相輸入端接收電壓回饋信號Vfb，其輸出端根據電壓回饋信號Vfb和電壓參考信號Vref的比較結果產生導通控制信號Set。總電流控制電路23包括比較器CMP2，具有同相輸入端、反相輸入端和輸出端，其同相輸入端接收電流參考信號Iref0，其反相輸入端接收電流回饋信號Imon，其輸出端根據電流回饋信號Imon和電流參考信號Iref0的比較結果產生電流控制信號Ictrl。其中當電流回饋信號Imon小於參考信號Iref0，及電壓回饋信號Vfb小於電壓參考信號Vref時，控制器20控制當前相開關電路導通。在圖7所示的實施例中，過流檢測電路24-1例如包括比較器CP1，具有同相輸入端、反相輸入端和輸出端，其同相輸入端接收電流採樣信號CS1，其反相輸入端接收第一電流閾值ILIM1，其輸出端基於電流採樣信號CS1和第一電流閾值ILIM1的比較結果，輸出過流信號OC1。當電流採樣信號CS1大於第一電流閾值ILIM1時，過流信號OC1變為高位準，指示第一相開關電路10-1過流。過流檢測電路24-2例如包括比較器CP2，具有同相輸入端、反相輸入端和輸出端，其同相輸入端接收電流採樣信號CS2，其反相輸入端接收第二電流閾值ILIM2，其輸出端基於電流採樣信號CS2和第二電流閾值ILIM2的比較結果，輸出過流信號OC2。當電流採樣信號CS2大於第二電流閾值ILIM2時，過流信號OC2變為高位準，指示第二相開關電路10-2過流。依次類推，過流檢測電路24-n例如包括比較器CPn，具有同相輸入端、反相輸入端和輸出端，其同相輸入端接收電流採樣信號CSn，其反相輸入端接收第n電流閾值ILIMn，其輸出端基於電流採樣信號CSn和第n電流閾值ILIMn的比較結果，輸出過流信號OCn。當電流採樣信號CSn大於第n電流閾值ILIMn時，過流信號OCn變為高位準，指示第n相開關電路10-n過流。  　　圖8示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器的工作流程圖800，包括步驟S81~S85。  　　在步驟S81，基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號。  　　在步驟S82，基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號。  　　在步驟S83，基於導通控制信號和電流控制信號產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通。  　　在步驟S84，當多個開關電路的總輸出電流大於電流參考信號時，當前相開關電路維持關斷，直至多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號時，基於輸出電壓和電壓參考信號控制當前相開關電路導通。  　　在步驟S85，當檢測到當前相開關電路過流時，當前相開關電路保持關斷，進入對下一相開關電路的控制。  　　注意，在上文描述的流程圖中，方塊中所標注的功能也可以按照不同於圖中所示的順序發生。例如，兩個接連地表示的方塊實際上可以基本並行地執行，它們有時也可以按相反的循序執行，這取決於所涉及的具體功能。  　　雖然已參照幾個典型實施例描述了本發明，但應當理解，所用的術語是說明和示例性、而非限制性的術語。由於本發明能夠以多種形式具體實施而不脫離發明的精神或實質，所以應當理解，上述實施例不限於任何前述的細節，而應在隨附申請專利範圍所限定的精神和範圍內廣泛地解釋，因此落入申請專利範圍或其等效範圍內的全部變化和改型都應為隨附申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only used for illustration and are not used to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, materials, or methods have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present invention. Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment,""anembodiment,""anexample," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in the present invention in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment,""in an embodiment,""oneexample," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or subcombination in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings provided herein are for illustrative purposes and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. The same reference numerals refer to the same elements. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-phase switching converter including a plurality of switching circuits. In a normal working state, each switching circuit is turned on in sequence based on the output voltage of the multi-phase switching converter and the total output current of the plurality of switching circuits. When the total output current of the multiple switching circuits is greater than the current reference signal, the multi-phase switching converter controls the corresponding switching circuits to temporarily turn off until the total output current of the multiple switching circuits is less than the current reference signal. The voltage controls the corresponding switch circuit to be turned on. And when the overcurrent of the switching circuit of the current phase is detected, the multi-phase switching converter skips the switching circuit of the current phase and keeps the switching circuits of the remaining phases working normally. In this embodiment of the present invention, "current phase switch circuit" or "corresponding switch circuit" refers to switch circuits that should be turned on in sequence. Embodiments are described below by taking a multiphase switching converter using constant on-time control as an example. FIG. 1 shows a circuit block diagram of a multiphase switching converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The multiphase switching converter 100 includes a controller 20 and a plurality of switching circuits 10-1, 10-2, . . . 10-n, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The input terminals of the switch circuits 10 - 1 , 10 - 2 . . . 10 - n receive the input voltage Vin, and the output terminals are coupled together to provide the output voltage Vo for powering the load 102 . The switching circuits 10-1, 10-2, . . . 10-n can adopt any direct current/direct current (DC/DC) or alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) conversion topology, such as synchronous or asynchronous boost, buck converters, as well as forward and flyback converters. The output capacitor 105 is coupled between the output terminals of the switch circuits 10-1, 10-2, . . . 10-n and the reference ground. The controller 20 generates a plurality of control signals PWM1, PWM2, . . . PWMn, so as to control the plurality of switch circuits 10-1, 10-2, . . . 10-n to be turned on in sequence. The controller 20 includes a voltage control circuit 21, a frequency dividing circuit 22, a total current control circuit 23, and a plurality of sub-control circuits 25-1, 25-2, . . . 25-n. The voltage control circuit 21 is coupled to the output terminals of the plurality of switch circuits 10-1, 10-2, . . . 10-n, and generates the conduction control signal Set based on the voltage reference signal Vref and the output voltage Vo, for example, according to the voltage reference signal Vref and the representative The comparison result of the voltage feedback signal Vfb of the output voltage Vo is obtained, and the turn-on control signal Set is generated. The frequency dividing circuit 22 has an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, wherein the input terminal of the frequency dividing circuit 22 is coupled to the voltage control circuit 21 to receive the conduction control signal Set, and the frequency dividing circuit 22 has a plurality of output terminals according to the conduction control signal Set. Generate a plurality of frequency-divided signals FD1, FD2, . . . FDn. The total current control circuit 23 generates the current control signal Ictrl based on the current reference signal Iref0 and the total output current Io of the plurality of switch circuits, for example, according to the comparison result of the current reference signal Iref0 and the current feedback signal Imon representing the total output current Io, generates the current Control signal Ictrl. Each sub-control circuit 25-i (i=1, 2, . . . n) has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal of the sub-control circuit 25-i is coupled to the frequency dividing The corresponding output terminal of the circuit 22 receives the frequency-divided signal FDi, the second input terminal of the sub-control circuit 25-i is coupled to the total current control circuit 23 to receive the current control signal Ictrl, and the sub-control circuit 25-i is based on the frequency-divided signal FDi. And the current control signal Ictrl generates the corresponding switch control signal PWMi at its output. In one embodiment, when the total output current Io or the current feedback signal Imon of the plurality of switch circuits is greater than the current reference signal Iref0, the multi-phase switching converter 100 controls the current-phase switch circuit to temporarily turn off the current-phase switch circuit until the total output of the plurality of switch circuits is The output current Io or the current feedback signal Imon is smaller than the current reference signal Iref0, and the multi-phase switching converter 100 controls the current-phase switching circuit to conduct based on the output voltage Vo. For example, when the output voltage Vo or the voltage feedback signal Vfb is smaller than the voltage reference signal Vref, control the current The phase switch circuit is turned on. In one embodiment, the controller 20 further includes a plurality of overcurrent detection circuits 24-1, 24-2, . . . 24-n. Each overcurrent detection circuit 24-i (i=1, 2, . . . n) has an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal of the overcurrent detection circuit 24-i is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit 10-i. The current detection circuit 24-i detects whether the corresponding switch circuit 10-i is overcurrent based on the current flowing through the corresponding switch circuit 10-i, and generates an overcurrent signal OCi at its output. For example, according to the current sampling signal CSi (i=1, 2, . In one embodiment, when the overcurrent of the current phase switching circuit is detected, the multi-phase switching converter 100 skips the current phase switching circuit and keeps the remaining phase switching circuits working normally. In one embodiment, the sub-control circuits 25-i (i=1, 2, . . . n) further include a third input terminal, coupled to the output terminal of the corresponding over-current detection circuit 24-i to receive the over-current signal OCi, the output terminal of the sub-control circuit 25-i generates the corresponding switch control signal PWMi based on the frequency division signal FDi, the current control signal Ictrl, and the overcurrent signal OCi. In one embodiment, the controller 20 further includes a total current calculation circuit 26 having a plurality of input terminals and output terminals, and the plurality of input terminals of the total current calculation circuit 26 are respectively coupled to the plurality of switch circuits 10-1 and 10-2 , . . . 10-n to receive a plurality of current sampling signals CS1, CS2, . The current feedback signal Imon of the total output current of -1, 10-2, ... 10-n. The current sampling signals CS1, CS2, ... CSn respectively represent the currents flowing through the corresponding switch circuits. In one embodiment, the multiphase switching converter 100 further includes a voltage sampling circuit 101 . The voltage sampling circuit 101 samples the output voltage Vo, and generates a voltage feedback signal Vfb according to the output voltage Vo. In one embodiment, the controller 20 further includes a slope compensation circuit for generating a slope compensation signal. The slope compensation signal can be superimposed on the output voltage Vo or the voltage feedback signal Vfb representing the output voltage Vo, and can also be derived from the voltage reference signal Vref. is subtracted. FIG. 2 shows a flowchart 200 of a control method of the multiphase switching converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including steps S21 to S26. In step S21, control of the current-phase switching circuit 10-i is started. In step S22, it is judged whether the total output current Io is less than the current reference signal Iref0, if yes, go to step S23, otherwise continue to judge. In step S23, it is determined whether the output voltage Vo is less than the voltage reference signal Vref, if yes, go to step S24, otherwise go to step S22. In step S24, it is determined whether the current phase switch circuit 10-i is overcurrent, if yes, go to step S26, otherwise, go to step S25. In step S25, the current-phase switch circuit 10-i is turned on, and then the process goes to step S26. In step S26, the control of the switch circuit of the next phase is entered. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the control of the total output current by the multiphase switching converter increases the safety of the CPU load, so that the multiphase switching converter can automatically and smoothly switch between regulating the output voltage and regulating the total output current , and the current imbalance between the switching circuits caused by the continuous increase of the total output current is avoided. FIG. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram of the sub-control circuit 25-i shown in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 , the sub-control circuit 25 - i includes a logic circuit 251 and a trigger circuit 252 . The logic circuit 251 has a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal. The first input terminal is coupled to the corresponding output terminal of the frequency dividing circuit 22 to receive the frequency dividing signal FDi, and the second input terminal is coupled to the total current The control circuit 23 receives the current control signal Ictrl, and the output terminal generates the setting signal SETi according to the frequency division signal FDi and the current control signal Ictrl. In one embodiment, the logic circuit 251 further has a third input terminal for receiving the overcurrent signal OCi, and the logic circuit 251 generates the set signal SETi at its output terminal according to the frequency division signal FDi, the current control signal Ictrl, and the overcurrent signal OCi. The trigger circuit 252 has a set terminal S, a reset terminal R, and an output terminal Q. The set terminal S is coupled to the logic circuit 251 to receive the set signal SETi, and the reset terminal R receives the conduction that controls the conduction duration of the corresponding switch circuit 10-i. The output end of the duration control signal COTi is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit 10-i to provide the switch control signal PWMi. In one embodiment, the sub-control circuit 25 - i further includes an on-duration control circuit 253 . The on-duration control circuit 253 generates the on-duration control signal COTi according to the switch control signal PWMi and the on-duration signal TONi, so as to control the on-duration of the corresponding switch circuit 10-i. The ON time period TONi of the switching circuit 10-i may be set to a constant value, or may be a variable value related to the input voltage Vin and/or the output voltage Vo. FIG. 4 shows a schematic circuit diagram of the total current calculation circuit 26 shown in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the total current calculation circuit 26 includes a current addition circuit 261 and an output circuit 262 . The current summation circuit 261 is coupled to the plurality of switch circuits 10-1, 10-2, ... 10-n to receive the plurality of current sampling signals CS1, CS2, ... CSn, and the current summing circuit is based on the plurality of current samples The signals CS1, CS2, ... CSn provide the current summation signal Iinh, which represents the sum of a plurality of current sampling signals CS1+CS2+...+CSn. The output circuit 262 provides at its output a current feedback signal Imon representing the total output current of the plurality of switching circuits according to the current addition signal Iinh. In one embodiment, the current adding circuit 261 includes a plurality of resistors 26-1, 26-2, . . . 26-n, and one end of each resistor 26-i (i=1, 2, . . . n) receives a corresponding The other end of the current sampling signal CSi is coupled together to provide the current addition signal Iinh. In one embodiment, the output circuit 262 includes a current mirror 263 , a bias circuit 264 , and an output resistor 265 . The input terminal of the current mirror 263 receives the current addition signal Iinh, the bias terminal is coupled to the bias circuit 264, and the output terminal outputs the mirror current Iexh of the current addition signal Iinh. The mirror current Iexh flows through the output resistor 265, and a voltage is generated across the output resistor 265 as the current feedback signal Imon. In one embodiment, the current feedback signal Imon can be represented by the following formula (1).
Figure 02_image001
Where Bias represents the voltage of the bias terminal of the output circuit 262 . Gain represents the gain by the current addition circuit 261 and the current mirror 263 . 5 shows a state transition diagram 500 of the frequency dividing circuit 22 shown in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including state 50, states 50-1, 50-2, . . . 50-n. In state 50, the frequency dividing circuit 22 completes the initial configuration, and then transitions to state 51-1. In state 51-1, when the conduction control signal Set is active, for example, at a high level, the frequency division signal FD1 is active, for example, at a high level. When the switch control signal PWM1 controls the switch circuit 10-1 to be turned on, for example, PWM1=1, or when it is detected that the switch circuit 10-1 is over-current, it transitions to the state 51-2. In state 51-2, when the conduction control signal Set is active, for example, at a high level, the frequency division signal FD2 is active, for example, at a high level. When the switch control signal PWM2 controls the switch circuit 10-2 to be turned on, for example, PWM2=1, or when it is detected that the switch circuit 10-2 is over-current, it transitions to the next state. until state 51-n is entered. In the state 51-n, when the conduction control signal Set is active, for example, at a high level, the frequency division signal FDn is active, for example, at a high level. When the switch control signal PWMn controls the switch circuit 10-n to be turned on, for example, PWMn=1, or when an overcurrent of the switch circuit 10-n is detected, the state transitions to the state 51-1. Repeat this. FIG. 6 shows a circuit block diagram of a multiphase switching converter 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the switching circuit 10-i (i=1, 2, . . . n) includes a driving circuit 61-i, an upper switching transistor 62-i, a lower switching transistor 63-i, and Inductors 64-i, each switching circuit 10-i further includes a current sampling circuit 65-i for sampling the current flowing through the switching circuit 10-i, for example sampling the current flowing through the inductor 64-i, or sampling the current flowing through the upper side Switch the current of the transistor 62-i and/or the lower side switch transistor 63-i, and provide the current sampling signal CSi. FIG. 7 shows a circuit block diagram of the controller 20 according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the voltage control circuit 21 includes a comparator CMP1, which has a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal. The non-inverting input terminal receives the voltage reference signal Vref, and the inverting input terminal receives the voltage feedback signal. The output terminal of Vfb generates the turn-on control signal Set according to the comparison result between the voltage feedback signal Vfb and the voltage reference signal Vref. The total current control circuit 23 includes a comparator CMP2, which has a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal. The non-inverting input terminal receives the current reference signal Iref0, and the inverting input terminal receives the current feedback signal Imon. The comparison result of the signal Imon and the current reference signal Iref0 generates the current control signal Ictrl. When the current feedback signal Imon is smaller than the reference signal Iref0 and the voltage feedback signal Vfb is smaller than the voltage reference signal Vref, the controller 20 controls the current-phase switch circuit to be turned on. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 , the overcurrent detection circuit 24-1 includes, for example, a comparator CP1, which has a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal. The non-inverting input terminal receives the current sampling signal CS1, and its inverting input terminal receives the current sampling signal CS1. The terminal receives the first current threshold ILIM1, and its output terminal outputs the overcurrent signal OC1 based on the comparison result between the current sampling signal CS1 and the first current threshold ILIM1. When the current sampling signal CS1 is greater than the first current threshold ILIM1, the overcurrent signal OC1 becomes a high level, indicating that the first phase switch circuit 10-1 is overcurrent. The overcurrent detection circuit 24-2 includes, for example, a comparator CP2, which has a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal, and an output terminal. The non-inverting input terminal receives the current sampling signal CS2, and the inverting input terminal receives the second current threshold value ILIM2. The terminal outputs an overcurrent signal OC2 based on the comparison result between the current sampling signal CS2 and the second current threshold ILIM2. When the current sampling signal CS2 is greater than the second current threshold ILIM2, the overcurrent signal OC2 becomes a high level, indicating that the second phase switch circuit 10-2 is overcurrent. By analogy, the overcurrent detection circuit 24-n includes, for example, a comparator CPn, which has a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal. The non-inverting input terminal receives the current sampling signal CSn, and the inverting input terminal receives the nth current threshold value ILIMn. , and its output terminal outputs the overcurrent signal OCn based on the comparison result between the current sampling signal CSn and the nth current threshold ILIMn. When the current sampling signal CSn is greater than the nth current threshold value ILIMn, the overcurrent signal OCn becomes a high level, indicating that the nth phase switching circuit 10-n is overcurrent. FIG. 8 shows a working flowchart 800 of the multi-phase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention, including steps S81 to S85. In step S81, a turn-on control signal is generated based on the voltage reference signal and the output voltage. In step S82, a current control signal is generated based on the current reference signal and the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits. In step S83, a plurality of switch control signals are generated based on the conduction control signal and the current control signal, so as to control the plurality of switch circuits to be turned on in sequence. In step S84, when the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits is greater than the current reference signal, the current-phase switch circuit is kept off until the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits is less than the current reference signal, and the control is based on the output voltage and the voltage reference signal. The current phase switch circuit is turned on. In step S85, when it is detected that the switch circuit of the current phase is overcurrent, the switch circuit of the current phase is kept off, and the control of the switch circuit of the next phase is entered. Note that, in the flowcharts described above, the functions noted in the blocks may also occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the specific functionality involved. While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms used are of description and illustration, and not of limitation. Since the present invention can be embodied in various forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be construed broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the scope of the appended claims Therefore, all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the patent application or its equivalents shall be covered by the patent scope of the appended application.

10-1,10-2,……10-n:開關電路 20:控制器 21:電壓控制電路 22:分頻電路 23:總電流控制電路 24-1,24-2,……24-n:過流檢測電路 25-1,25-2,……25-n:子控制電路 26:總電流計算電路 26-1,26-2,……26-n:電阻 50:狀態 51-1,51-2,……51-n:狀態 61-i:驅動電路 62-i:上側開關電晶體 63-i:下側開關電晶體 64-i:電感 65-i:電流採樣電路 100:多相開關變換器 101:電壓採樣電路 102:負載 105:輸出電容 251:邏輯電路 252:觸發電路 261:電流加成電路 262:輸出電路 263:電流鏡 264:偏置電路 265:輸出電阻 10-1, 10-2, ... 10-n: switch circuit 20: Controller 21: Voltage control circuit 22: Frequency division circuit 23: total current control circuit 24-1, 24-2, ... 24-n: Overcurrent detection circuit 25-1, 25-2, ... 25-n: Sub-control circuit 26: Total current calculation circuit 26-1, 26-2, ... 26-n: Resistance 50: Status 51-1, 51-2, ... 51-n: Status 61-i: Drive circuit 62-i: Upper side switching transistor 63-i: lower side switching transistor 64-i: Inductance 65-i: Current sampling circuit 100: Polyphase switching converter 101: Voltage sampling circuit 102: load 105: output capacitor 251: Logic Circuits 252: Trigger circuit 261: Current Addition Circuit 262: output circuit 263: Current Mirror 264: Bias circuit 265: output resistance

[圖1]示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器100的電路方塊圖； [圖2]示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器100的控制方法流程圖200；  　　[圖3]示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示子控制電路25-i的電路原理圖；  　　[圖4]示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示總電流控制電路26的電路原理圖；  　　[圖5]示出了根據本發明實施例的圖1所示分頻電路22的狀態轉移圖200；  　　[圖6]示出了根據本發明另一實施例的多相開關變換器100的電路方塊圖；  　　[圖7]示出了根據本發明另一實施例的控制器20的電路方塊圖；以及  　　[圖8]示出了根據本發明實施例的多相開關變換器的工作流程圖800。 [FIG. 1] shows a circuit block diagram of a multi-phase switching converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention; [FIG. 2] shows a flowchart 200 of a control method of the multi-phase switching converter 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention; [FIG. 3] shows a control method of the sub-control circuit 25-i shown in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention Circuit schematic diagram; [Fig. 4] shows the circuit schematic diagram of the total current control circuit 26 shown in Fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Fig. 5] shows the frequency division shown in Fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention The state transition diagram 200 of the circuit 22; [FIG. 6] shows the circuit block diagram of the multi-phase switching converter 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention; [FIG. 7] shows the control according to another embodiment of the present invention and [FIG. 8] shows a flow chart 800 of operation of a multiphase switching converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10-1,10-2,……10-n:開關電路 10-1, 10-2, ... 10-n: switch circuit

20:控制器 20: Controller

21:電壓控制電路 21: Voltage control circuit

22:分頻電路 22: Frequency division circuit

23:總電流控制電路 23: total current control circuit

24-1,24-2,……24-n:過流檢測電路 24-1, 24-2, ... 24-n: Overcurrent detection circuit

25-1,25-2,……25-n:子控制電路 25-1, 25-2, ... 25-n: Sub-control circuit

26:總電流計算電路 26: Total current calculation circuit

100:多相開關變換器 100: Polyphase switching converter

101:電壓採樣電路 101: Voltage sampling circuit

102:負載 102: load

105:輸出電容 105: output capacitor

Claims (16)

一種用於多相開關變換器的控制器，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制器產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通，該控制器包括：  　　電壓控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路的輸出端，基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；  　　總電流控制電路，基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；  　　分頻電路，具有輸入端和多個輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至電壓控制電路以接收導通控制信號，分頻電路根據導通控制信號在多個輸出端產生多個分頻信號；  　　多個過流檢測電路，每個過流檢測電路均具有輸入端和輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至相應的開關電路，每個過流檢測電路基於流過相應開關電路的電流檢測相應開關電路是否過流，在其輸出端產生過流信號；以及  　　多個子控制電路，每個子控制電路均具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端、第三輸入端、和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，第三輸入端耦接至相應過流檢測電路的輸出端以接收過流信號，輸出端基於分頻信號、電流控制信號、以及過流信號產生相應的開關控制信號。A controller for a multi-phase switching converter, the multi-phase switching converter comprising a plurality of switching circuits having outputs coupled together to provide an output voltage, the controller generating a plurality of switching control signals , to control multiple switch circuits to be turned on in sequence, the controller includes: a voltage control circuit, coupled to the output terminals of the multiple switch circuits, and generating a conduction control signal based on the voltage reference signal and the output voltage; a total current control circuit, based on the current reference signal and the total output current of a plurality of switch circuits to generate a current control signal; a frequency dividing circuit, which has an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals, wherein the input terminal is coupled to the voltage control circuit to receive the conduction control signal, and the frequency dividing circuit is based on the conduction control signal. Multiple output terminals generate multiple frequency division signals; Multiple overcurrent detection circuits, each overcurrent detection circuit has an input terminal and an output terminal, wherein the input terminal is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit, and each overcurrent detection circuit is based on The current flowing through the corresponding switch circuit detects whether the corresponding switch circuit is overcurrent, and generates an overcurrent signal at its output; and a plurality of sub-control circuits, each of which has a first input end, a second input end, and a third input end , and an output terminal, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to the corresponding output terminal of the frequency dividing circuit to receive the frequency dividing signal, the second input terminal is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal, and the third input terminal is coupled to The output end of the corresponding overcurrent detection circuit receives the overcurrent signal, and the output end generates the corresponding switch control signal based on the frequency division signal, the current control signal, and the overcurrent signal. 如請求項1所述的控制器，進一步包括：  　　總電流計算電路，具有多個輸入端和輸出端，所述多個輸入端分別耦接至多個開關電路以接收多個電流採樣信號，所述輸出端根據多個電流採樣信號提供代表了多個開關電路的總輸出電流的電流回饋信號，其中每個電流採樣信號代表了流過相應開關電路的電流。The controller of claim 1, further comprising: a total current calculation circuit, having a plurality of input terminals and output terminals, the plurality of input terminals are respectively coupled to a plurality of switch circuits to receive a plurality of current sampling signals, the The output terminal provides a current feedback signal representing the total output current of the multiple switching circuits according to the multiple current sampling signals, wherein each current sampling signal represents the current flowing through the corresponding switching circuit. 如請求項2所述的控制器，其中所述總電流計算電路包括：  　　電流加成電路，耦接至多個開關電路以接收多個電流採樣信號，所述電流加成電路基於所述多個電流採樣信號，提供電流加成信號，所述電流加成信號代表了多個電流採樣信號之和；以及  　　輸出電路，根據所述電流加成信號，在其輸出端提供電流回饋信號。The controller of claim 2, wherein the total current calculation circuit comprises: a current addition circuit coupled to a plurality of switch circuits to receive a plurality of current sampling signals, the current addition circuit based on the plurality of currents The sampling signal provides a current addition signal, the current addition signal represents the sum of a plurality of current sampling signals; and the output circuit provides a current feedback signal at its output according to the current addition signal. 如請求項1所述的控制器，其中所述總電流控制電路包括：  　　第一比較器，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端接收代表了多個開關電路的總輸出電流的電流回饋信號，第二輸入端接收電流參考信號，所述第一比較器根據電流回饋信號和電流參考信號，在輸出端產生電流控制信號。The controller of claim 1, wherein the total current control circuit comprises: a first comparator having a first input, a second input, and an output, wherein the first input receives a representation of a plurality of switching circuits The current feedback signal of the total output current, the second input terminal receives the current reference signal, and the first comparator generates a current control signal at the output terminal according to the current feedback signal and the current reference signal. 如請求項1所述的控制器，其中所述電壓控制電路包括：  　　第二比較器，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端接收代表了輸出電壓的電壓回饋信號，第二輸入端接收電壓參考信號，所述第二比較器根據電壓回饋信號和電壓參考信號，在輸出端產生導通控制信號。The controller of claim 1, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises: a second comparator having a first input, a second input, and an output, wherein the first input receives a voltage feedback representative of the output voltage The second input terminal receives the voltage reference signal, and the second comparator generates a conduction control signal at the output terminal according to the voltage feedback signal and the voltage reference signal. 如請求項1所述的控制器，其中所述多個子控制電路包括：  　　邏輯電路，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端、第三輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，第三輸入端耦接至相應的過流檢測電路的輸出端以接收過流信號，輸出端根據分頻信號、電流控制信號和過流信號產生設定信號；以及  　　觸發電路，具有設定端、重設端和輸出端，其中設定端耦接至邏輯電路以接收設定信號，重設端接收用於控制相應開關電路導通時長的導通時長控制信號，輸出端耦接至相應開關電路以提供開關控制信號。The controller of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sub-control circuits comprise: a logic circuit having a first input, a second input, a third input and an output, wherein the first input is coupled to the sub-controller The corresponding output end of the frequency circuit is to receive the frequency division signal, the second input end is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal, and the third input end is coupled to the output end of the corresponding overcurrent detection circuit to receive the overcurrent signal , the output terminal generates the setting signal according to the frequency division signal, the current control signal and the overcurrent signal; and the trigger circuit has a setting terminal, a reset terminal and an output terminal, wherein the setting terminal is coupled to the logic circuit to receive the setting signal, and the reset terminal An on-duration control signal for controlling the on-duration of the corresponding switch circuit is received, and the output terminal is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit to provide the switch control signal. 如請求項1所述的控制器，其中當多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號時，所述多個子控制電路基於輸出電壓和電壓參考信號控制相應開關電路的導通時刻。The controller of claim 1, wherein when the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits is less than the current reference signal, the plurality of sub-control circuits control the turn-on timing of the corresponding switch circuits based on the output voltage and the voltage reference signal. 一種用於多相開關變換器的控制器，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制器產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通，該控制器包括：  　　電壓控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路的輸出端，基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；  　　總電流控制電路，耦接至多個開關電路，基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；  　　分頻電路，具有輸入端和多個輸出端，其中輸入端耦接至電壓控制電路以接收導通控制信號，分頻電路根據導通控制信號在多個輸出端產生多個分頻信號；以及  　　多個子控制電路，每個子控制電路均具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端、和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，基於分頻信號和電流控制信號在輸出端產生相應的開關控制信號。A controller for a multi-phase switching converter, the multi-phase switching converter comprising a plurality of switching circuits having outputs coupled together to provide an output voltage, the controller generating a plurality of switching control signals , to control a plurality of switch circuits to be turned on in sequence, the controller includes: a voltage control circuit, coupled to the output terminals of the plurality of switch circuits, and generating a conduction control signal based on the voltage reference signal and the output voltage; a total current control circuit, coupled to the plurality of A switching circuit, which generates a current control signal based on the current reference signal and the total output current of the multiple switching circuits; a frequency dividing circuit, which has an input end and a plurality of output ends, wherein the input end is coupled to the voltage control circuit to receive the conduction control signal, and divides the frequency The frequency circuit generates a plurality of frequency-divided signals at a plurality of output ends according to the conduction control signal; and a plurality of sub-control circuits, each of which has a first input end, a second input end, and an output end, wherein the first input end is coupled to The second input terminal is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal, and the output terminal generates a corresponding switch control signal based on the frequency division signal and the current control signal. 如請求項8所述的控制器，其中所述總電流控制電路包括：  　　第一比較器，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端接收代表了多個開關電路的總輸出電流的電流回饋信號，第二輸入端接收電流參考信號，所述第一比較器根據電流回饋信號和電流參考信號，在輸出端產生電流控制信號。The controller of claim 8, wherein the total current control circuit comprises: a first comparator having a first input, a second input, and an output, wherein the first input receives a representation of a plurality of switching circuits The current feedback signal of the total output current, the second input terminal receives the current reference signal, and the first comparator generates a current control signal at the output terminal according to the current feedback signal and the current reference signal. 如請求項8所述的控制器，其中所述電壓控制電路包括：  　　第二比較器，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端接收代表了輸出電壓的電壓回饋信號，第二輸入端接收電壓參考信號，所述第二比較器根據電壓回饋信號和電壓參考信號，在輸出端產生導通控制信號。The controller of claim 8, wherein the voltage control circuit comprises: a second comparator having a first input, a second input, and an output, wherein the first input receives a voltage feedback representative of the output voltage The second input terminal receives the voltage reference signal, and the second comparator generates a conduction control signal at the output terminal according to the voltage feedback signal and the voltage reference signal. 如請求項8所述的控制器，其中所述多個子控制電路包括：  　　邏輯電路，具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端和輸出端，其中第一輸入端耦接至分頻電路的相應輸出端以接收分頻信號，第二輸入端耦接至總電流控制電路以接收電流控制信號，輸出端根據分頻信號、以及電流控制信號產生設定信號；以及  　　觸發電路，具有設定端、重設端和輸出端，其中設定端耦接至邏輯電路以接收設定信號，重設端接收代表相應開關電路導通時長的導通時長信號，輸出端耦接至相應開關電路以提供開關控制信號。The controller of claim 8, wherein the plurality of sub-control circuits comprises: a logic circuit having a first input, a second input, and an output, wherein the first input is coupled to a corresponding output of the frequency dividing circuit The second input terminal is coupled to the total current control circuit to receive the current control signal, the output terminal generates a setting signal according to the frequency division signal and the current control signal; and the trigger circuit has a setting terminal and a reset terminal and an output terminal, wherein the setting terminal is coupled to the logic circuit to receive the setting signal, the reset terminal receives the conduction duration signal representing the conduction duration of the corresponding switch circuit, and the output terminal is coupled to the corresponding switch circuit to provide the switch control signal. 如請求項8所述的控制器，其中當多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號時，所述多個子控制電路基於輸出電壓和電壓參考信號控制相應開關電路的導通時刻。The controller of claim 8, wherein when the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits is less than the current reference signal, the plurality of sub-control circuits control the turn-on timing of the corresponding switch circuits based on the output voltage and the voltage reference signal. 一種多相開關變換器，包括：  　　多個開關電路，所述多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓；以及  　　如請求項1~12中任一項所述的控制器。A multi-phase switching converter, comprising: a plurality of switching circuits, the output ends of which are coupled together to provide an output voltage; and the controller according to any one of claims 1 to 12. 一種用於多相開關變換器的控制方法，該多相開關變換器包括多個開關電路，該多個開關電路的輸出端耦接在一起以提供輸出電壓，該控制方法包括：  　　基於電壓參考信號和輸出電壓產生導通控制信號；  　　基於電流參考信號和多個開關電路的總輸出電流產生電流控制信號；以及  　　基於導通控制信號和電流控制信號產生多個開關控制信號，以控制多個開關電路依次導通；其中  　　當多個開關電路的總輸出電流大於電流參考信號時，當前相開關電路維持關斷，直至多個開關電路的總輸出電流小於電流參考信號時，基於輸出電壓和電壓參考信號控制當前相開關電路導通；以及  　　當檢測到當前相開關電路過流時，當前相開關電路保持關斷，進入對下一相開關電路的控制。A control method for a multiphase switching converter, the multiphase switching converter comprising a plurality of switching circuits, the output terminals of the plurality of switching circuits are coupled together to provide an output voltage, the control method comprising: based on a voltage reference signal and the output voltage to generate a conduction control signal; based on the current reference signal and the total output current of the plurality of switch circuits to generate a current control signal; and based on the conduction control signal and the current control signal to generate a plurality of switch control signals to control the plurality of switch circuits to be turned on in sequence ; When the total output current of the multiple switching circuits is greater than the current reference signal, the current phase switching circuit remains off until the total output current of the multiple switching circuits is less than the current reference signal, and the current phase is controlled based on the output voltage and the voltage reference signal. The switch circuit is turned on; and when it is detected that the current phase switch circuit is overcurrent, the current phase switch circuit remains off, and enters the control of the next phase switch circuit. 如請求項14所述的控制方法，其中基於導通控制信號和電流控制信號產生多個開關控制信號包括：  　　基於導通控制信號產生多個分頻信號；  　　基於所述多個分頻信號和電流控制信號產生多個設定信號，分別設定所述多個開關控制信號，以控制相應開關電路的導通時刻；以及  　　根據代表相應開關電路導通時長的導通時長信號，控制相應開關電路的關斷時刻。The control method of claim 14, wherein generating a plurality of switch control signals based on the conduction control signal and the current control signal comprises: Generating a plurality of frequency division signals based on the conduction control signal; Based on the plurality of frequency division signals and the current control signal generating a plurality of setting signals, respectively setting the plurality of switch control signals to control the turn-on time of the corresponding switch circuit; and controlling the turn-off time of the corresponding switch circuit according to the turn-on time signal representing the turn-on time of the corresponding switch circuit. 如請求項14所述的控制方法，進一步包括：  　　接收多個電流採樣信號，其中每個電流採樣信號代表了流過相應開關電路的電流；以及  　　根據所述多個電流採樣信號之和提供所述多個開關電路的總輸出電流。The control method of claim 14, further comprising: receiving a plurality of current sampling signals, wherein each current sampling signal represents a current flowing through a corresponding switching circuit; and providing the plurality of current sampling signals according to a sum of the plurality of current sampling signals Total output current of multiple switching circuits.
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