TW202206089A - Method for extracting anthocyanins (also known as flower essence, qi of flower) from living plants under light irradiation - Google Patents

Abstract

The method provided by the present invention can simultaneously extract a variety of anthocyanin products from living plant organs without repeating the removal of plant organs, and can be repeatedly extracted, and the extraction process conditions are mild, resource-saving, high recovery rate, and environmentally friendly.

Description

在光能作用下提取活植物中花青素精華，簡稱花精、花氣精華提取的方法Method for extracting anthocyanin essence from living plants under the action of light energy, referred to as flower essence and flower essence

本發明涉及提取純化花青素技術領域，具體為一種自含有花青素之植物器官萃取花青素的方法，主要特徵為不須將植物器官自活植物摘下，可重複提取。The invention relates to the technical field of extracting and purifying anthocyanins, in particular to a method for extracting anthocyanins from plant organs containing anthocyanins.

隨著社會的發展、人民生活水準的提高、人口老齡化的趨勢及疾病模式的改變，以及人們健康保健知識的增強，尤其是受到綠色健康食品及保健食品化潮流的影響，人民對保健品的需求越來越高，保健品市場從原先的單一型發展到今天的多元化保健。保健品的功能層出不窮，種類也多種多樣，使得人們的保健品消費也突飛猛進，這給保健品產業的發展提供了良好的機遇，保健品必將成為不可逆轉的健康消費新潮流。With the development of society, the improvement of people's living standards, the trend of population aging and the change of disease patterns, as well as the enhancement of people's health care knowledge, especially affected by the trend of green healthy food and health food, people's preference for health care products The demand is getting higher and higher, and the health care product market has developed from the original single type to today's diversified health care. The functions and types of health care products are endless, and people's consumption of health care products is also advancing by leaps and bounds, which provides a good opportunity for the development of the health care products industry.

花青素(Anthocyanidins)又名花色素，含有酸性和鹼性基團，是一種在植物中廣泛存在的水溶性天然色素。在自然條件下花青素和單個或者多個葡萄糖、鼠李糖以及半乳糖等物質結合形成糖苷鍵從而生成花色苷。花青素分佈於種子植物的花、果實、種子、葉和其他器官的液泡中，賦予植物橙、粉、紅、紫或藍等不同的顏色。相關研究發現花色苷具有抗氧化和抗發炎生物活性，對腫瘤、高脂血症、動脈粥樣硬化、肥胖和糖尿病等疾病具有預防與治療作用。Anthocyanidins, also known as anthocyanins, contain acidic and basic groups and are water-soluble natural pigments that are widely present in plants. Under natural conditions, anthocyanins combine with single or multiple substances such as glucose, rhamnose and galactose to form glycosidic bonds to form anthocyanins. Anthocyanins are distributed in the vacuoles of flowers, fruits, seeds, leaves and other organs of seed plants, giving plants different colors such as orange, pink, red, purple or blue. Related studies have found that anthocyanins have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory biological activities, and have preventive and therapeutic effects on tumors, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, obesity and diabetes.

天然花青素雖在甘薯、葡萄、藍莓、茄子等食物廣泛存在，現今也存在自藍莓中提取花青素的大量研究，但由於含量較低且價格較高，至今相對較少被開發利用。Although natural anthocyanins are widely found in sweet potatoes, grapes, blueberries, eggplants and other foods, there are also a lot of studies on the extraction of anthocyanins from blueberries, but due to their low content and high price, they are relatively seldom developed and utilized.

蝶豆別名藍豆、是一種屬於豆科蝶豆屬的草本植物。蝶豆花又名藍蝴蝶，最初記載于《神農本草經》裡面，其性味辛、苦。從蝶豆花提取的化學化合物包括各種三萜類化合物、黃酮醇苷、花青素和類固醇。蝶豆花富含大量的花青素，但目前國內外學者對蝶豆花的功能性開發價值還沒有進行系統研究。Butterfly pea, also known as blue bean, is a kind of herb belonging to the genus of the Fabaceae family. Butterfly pea flower, also known as blue butterfly, was originally recorded in the "Shen Nong's Materia Medica", its nature and taste are pungent and bitter. Chemical compounds extracted from butterfly pea flower include various triterpenoids, flavonol glycosides, anthocyanins, and steroids. Butterfly bean flower is rich in a large amount of anthocyanins, but at present domestic and foreign scholars have not carried out systematic research on the functional development value of butterfly bean flower.

現今從植物中提取純化花青素的方法，多須經過酶解、濃縮、樹脂吸附、梯度解吸、濃縮、乾燥等步驟，但也由此導致產品含量和收率較低，且真空乾燥的高溫條件也可能導致具有熱敏性的花青素降解。而且使用了有毒有害试剂，如丙酮，會限制了在人體上的使用。或者是使用乾燥的植物花朵，經過提取後，並無法重複使用。Nowadays, the methods of extracting and purifying anthocyanins from plants mostly require steps such as enzymatic hydrolysis, concentration, resin adsorption, gradient desorption, concentration, and drying, but this also leads to low product content and yield, and high temperature of vacuum drying. Conditions may also lead to the degradation of heat-sensitive anthocyanins. And the use of toxic and harmful reagents, such as acetone, will limit the use on the human body. Or use dried plant flowers, which cannot be reused after extraction.

本發明所要解決的技術問題是，克服上述缺陷，提供一種從活體植物器官中提取花青素的方法，利用本發明，可從活體植物器官中同時提取多種含量的花青素產品，不需要摘下植物器官，可重複提取，且提取工藝條件溫和，具有節省資源、回收率高，環境友好等特點。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects and provide a method for extracting anthocyanin from living plant organs. By using the present invention, anthocyanin products with various contents can be simultaneously extracted from living plant organs, and it is not necessary to extract anthocyanin products from living plant organs. The lower plant organs can be repeatedly extracted, and the extraction process conditions are mild, and it has the characteristics of resource saving, high recovery rate, and environmental friendliness.

本發明提供一種自含有花青素之植物器官萃取花青素的方法，其特徵在於該植物器官不須離開活植物本體，其中包含：將一溶劑置於一容器中；將該植物器官置於該容器中浸泡；以一入射光照射該植物器官；靜置一培養時間，使該溶劑萃取出該植物器官之花青素。The present invention provides a method for extracting anthocyanin from plant organs containing anthocyanin, which is characterized in that the plant organ does not need to leave the body of a living plant, which comprises: placing a solvent in a container; placing the plant organ in a container Soak in the container; irradiate the plant organ with an incident light; stand for a culture time, so that the solvent extracts the anthocyanin of the plant organ.

在一些實施例中，該入射光為一太陽光。In some embodiments, the incident light is sunlight.

在一些較佳的實施例中，該太陽光為上午10時至下午2時所提供。In some preferred embodiments, the sunlight is provided from 10 am to 2 pm.

優選地，其中該培養時間為2至3小時。Preferably, wherein the incubation time is 2 to 3 hours.

在一些實施例中，本方法並進一步包含設置複數反射體，在該反射體自身不遮蔽該入射光照射該植物器官情況下，反射該入射光產生一反射光，使該反射光照射該植物器官。In some embodiments, the method further includes providing a plurality of reflectors, and when the reflectors themselves do not block the incident light from illuminating the plant organ, reflect the incident light to generate a reflected light, so that the reflected light illuminates the plant organ .

在一些較佳的實施例中，其中該容器之器壁為可見光可穿透之材質。In some preferred embodiments, the wall of the container is made of visible light penetrating material.

在一些實施例中，上述的反射體為鏡子。In some embodiments, the above-mentioned reflector is a mirror.

在一些較佳的實施例中，其中該含有花青素之植物器官可為蝶豆(Clitoria ternatea )之花辦，但不限於此。In some preferred embodiments, the plant organ containing anthocyanin may be the flower of Clitoria ternatea , but not limited thereto.

為了使本發明的目的、技術方案及優點更加清楚明白，以下結合具體實施例，對本發明進行進一步詳細說明。應當理解，此處所描述的具體實施例僅僅用以解釋本發明，並不用於限定本發明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

在本發明的描述中，除非另有說明，“複數”的含義是兩個或兩個以上。術語“內”、“上”、“下”等指示的方位或狀態關係為基於附圖所示的方位或狀態關係，僅是為了便於描述本發明和簡化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的裝置或元件必須具有特定的方位、以特定的方位構造和操作，因此不能理解為對本發明的限制。In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. The orientation or state relationship indicated by the terms "inside", "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or state relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated A device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

本發明提供之自含有花青素之植物器官萃取花青素的方法如下： 將一溶劑置於一容器中，取一株含有花青素之活植物，不將含有花青素之植物器官摘下，而是直接將該器官置於該容器中浸泡，若有需要，可施以一外力使枝幹彎曲而使該器官可浸泡於溶劑中，但不將枝幹折斷；以一入射光照射該植物器官；靜置一培養時間，使該溶劑萃取出該植物器官之花青素。The method for extracting anthocyanins from plant organs containing anthocyanins provided by the present invention is as follows: Put a solvent in a container, take a live plant containing anthocyanin, do not remove the plant organ containing anthocyanin, but directly place the organ in the container to soak, if necessary, can Apply an external force to bend the branches so that the organ can be immersed in the solvent without breaking the branches; irradiate the plant organ with an incident light; let it stand for a culture time, so that the solvent can extract the flower of the plant organ cyanine.

溶液中之花青素濃度，以UV/vis光譜儀(Model 1200, LaMOTTE COMPANY)測量其於波長450-475nm之吸光度來決定，光徑為10毫米。The anthocyanin concentration in the solution was determined by measuring its absorbance at a wavelength of 450-475 nm with a UV/vis spectrometer (Model 1200, LaMOTTE COMPANY) with an optical path of 10 mm.

實施例1　重複萃取花青素Example 1 Repeated extraction of anthocyanins

依上述之提取方法，參閱第1A圖，於容器(30)中加入300毫升溶劑(10)，以水為例，取一活體植物照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，同時將其未摘下之含花青素植物器官(21)完全浸泡於該溶劑(10)中，但須注意不將該含花青素植物器官摘下或折斷其枝幹(22)，以一株蝶豆的14朵蝶豆花為例，培養2小時後收集其第一次萃取之溶液(11)，是為A組；接著將上述該株蝶豆照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，2小時使其回復後，對同14朵蝶豆花重複上述提取步驟，同樣培養2小時後收集其第二次萃取之溶液(12)，是為B組；實驗結束後，將該14朵蝶豆花摘下乾燥後秤重。According to the above-mentioned extraction method, referring to Fig. 1A, add 300 ml of solvent (10) to the container (30), take water as an example, take a living plant and irradiate an incident light (40), take the sunlight as an example, and at the same time take it The unplucked anthocyanin-containing plant organ (21) is completely immersed in the solvent (10), but care must be taken not to pluck the anthocyanin-containing plant organ or break off its branches (22), and use a butterfly The 14 butterfly pea flowers of the bean are taken as an example, and the solution (11) of its first extraction is collected after culturing for 2 hours, which is a group A; then the above-mentioned butterfly pea is irradiated with an incident light (40), taking the sunlight as an example, After making it recover in 2 hours, repeat the above-mentioned extraction steps to the same 14 butterfly pea flowers, collect the solution (12) of its second extraction after culturing 2 hours equally, it is the B group; After the experiment, the 14 butterfly pea flowers are collected. Weigh after picking and drying.

依上述之提取方法，參閱第1B圖，於容器(30)中加入300毫升溶劑(10)，以水為例，取一摘下之含花青素植物器官(24) 照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，同時將該摘下之含花青素植物器官(24)完全浸泡於溶劑(10)中，以一株蝶豆的14朵已摘下的蝶豆花為例，培養2小時後收集其第一次萃取之溶液(11)，是為C組；接著將上述該14朵蝶豆花取出置放並照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，2小時，對同14朵蝶豆花重複上述提取步驟，同樣培養2小時後收集其第二次萃取之溶液(12)，是為D組；實驗結束後，將該14朵蝶豆花乾燥後秤重。According to the above-mentioned extraction method, referring to Fig. 1B, add 300 ml of solvent (10) to the container (30), take water as an example, take an anthocyanin-containing plant organ (24) that has been removed and irradiate it with an incident light (40 ), take sunlight as an example, simultaneously this plucked anthocyanin-containing plant organ (24) is completely soaked in solvent (10), with 14 plucked butterfly pea flowers of a butterfly pea as example, cultivate 2 Collect the solution (11) of its first extraction after one hour, which is group C; then the above-mentioned 14 butterfly pea flowers are taken out and placed and irradiated with an incident light (40), taking sunlight as an example, 2 hours, to the same 14 The butterfly pea flower repeats the above-mentioned extraction steps, and the solution (12) of its second extraction is collected after culturing for 2 hours, which is the D group; after the experiment, the 14 butterfly pea flowers are dried and weighed.

以波長 450-475nm 偵測上述各組之吸光度，結果如表1： 表1 組別 A B C D 吸光度 0.6 0.5 0.3 0 乾燥重 (克) 1克(14朵) 1.2克(14朵) 吸光度/乾燥重 0.6 0.5 0.25 0 The absorbance of each of the above groups was detected at a wavelength of 450-475nm, and the results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 group A B C D Absorbance 0.6 0.5 0.3 0 Dry weight (g) 1 gram (14 flowers) 1.2 g (14 flowers) Absorbance/dry weight 0.6 0.5 0.25 0

實施例2　加裝反射體Example 2 Adding a reflector

本方法可進一步包含設置複數反射體(50)，在該反射體(50)自身不遮蔽該入射光照射該植物器官情況下，反射該入射光(40)產生一反射光，使該反射光照射該植物器官。The method may further include disposing a plurality of reflectors (50), and when the reflectors (50) themselves do not shield the incident light from irradiating the plant organ, reflect the incident light (40) to generate a reflected light, so that the reflected light irradiates the plant organ the plant organ.

依上述之提取方法，參閱第2A圖，於容器(30)中加入300毫升溶劑(10)，以水為例，取一活體植物照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，同時將其未摘下之含花青素植物器官(21)完全浸泡於該溶劑(10)中，但須注意不將該含花青素植物器官摘下或折斷其枝幹(22)，以一株蝶豆的14朵蝶豆花為例，培養2小時後收集其第一次萃取之溶液(11)，是為E組；接著將上述該株蝶豆照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，2小時使其回復後，對同14朵蝶豆花重複上述提取步驟，同樣培養2小時後收集其第二次萃取之溶液(12)，是為F組；實驗結束後，將該14朵蝶豆花摘下乾燥後秤重。According to the above-mentioned extraction method, referring to Fig. 2A, add 300 ml of solvent (10) to the container (30), take water as an example, take a living plant and irradiate an incident light (40), take the sunlight as an example, and at the same time put it The unplucked anthocyanin-containing plant organ (21) is completely immersed in the solvent (10), but care must be taken not to pluck the anthocyanin-containing plant organ or break off its branches (22), and use a butterfly The 14 butterfly pea flowers of the bean are taken as an example, the solution (11) of its first extraction is collected after culturing 2 hours, which is the E group; then the above-mentioned butterfly pea is irradiated with an incident light (40), taking the sunlight as an example, After making it back in 2 hours, repeat the above-mentioned extraction steps to the same 14 butterfly pea flowers, collect the solution (12) of its second extraction after culturing 2 hours, be the F group; after the experiment, this 14 butterfly pea flowers Weigh after picking and drying.

依上述之提取方法，參閱第2B圖，於容器(30)中加入300毫升溶劑(10)，以水為例，取一摘下之含花青素植物器官(24) 照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，同時將該摘下之含花青素植物器官(24)完全浸泡於溶劑(10)中，以一株蝶豆的14朵已摘下的蝶豆花為例，培養2小時後收集其第一次萃取之溶液(11)，是為G組；接著將上述該14朵蝶豆花取出置放並照射一入射光(40)，以太陽光為例，2小時，對同14朵蝶豆花重複上述提取步驟，同樣培養2小時後收集其第二次萃取之溶液(12)，是為H組；實驗結束後，將該14朵蝶豆花乾燥後秤重。According to the above-mentioned extraction method, referring to Fig. 2B, add 300 ml of solvent (10) to the container (30), take water as an example, take an anthocyanin-containing plant organ (24) that has been removed and irradiate it with an incident light (40 ), take sunlight as an example, simultaneously this plucked anthocyanin-containing plant organ (24) is completely soaked in solvent (10), with 14 plucked butterfly pea flowers of a butterfly pea as example, cultivate 2 The solution (11) of its first extraction is collected after one hour, which is the G group; then the above-mentioned 14 butterfly pea flowers are taken out and placed and irradiated with an incident light (40), taking sunlight as an example, 2 hours, to the same 14 The butterfly pea flower repeats the above-mentioned extraction steps, and the solution (12) of its second extraction is collected after culturing for 2 hours, which is the H group; after the experiment, the 14 butterfly pea flowers are dried and weighed.

以波長 450-475nm 偵測上述各組之吸光度，結果如表 2： 表2 組別 E F G H 吸光度 0.8 0.6 0.3 0 乾燥重 (克) 1.1克(14朵) 1.2克(14朵) 吸光度/乾燥重 0.73 0.55 0.25 0 The absorbance of each of the above groups was detected at a wavelength of 450-475nm, and the results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 group E F G H Absorbance 0.8 0.6 0.3 0 Dry weight (g) 1.1 g (14 flowers) 1.2 g (14 flowers) Absorbance/dry weight 0.73 0.55 0.25 0

在先前技術中，萃取花青素往往使用乾燥或摘取下的蝶豆花辦，本發明所提供的方案，以不摘取下花瓣的方式，能夠比已摘取下的花瓣萃取出更多的花青素，並且可重複萃取，可實現永續經營的概念。更進一步地，本發明更提供以反射體反射入射光，使其照射該植物器官，以提升花青素產量的方法。In the prior art, anthocyanins are often extracted from dried or picked butterfly pea flowers. The scheme provided by the present invention can extract more anthocyanins than the picked petals without picking off the petals. Anthocyanins can be extracted repeatedly, which can realize the concept of sustainable operation. Furthermore, the present invention further provides a method for reflecting incident light with a reflector to irradiate the plant organ, so as to increase the production of anthocyanin.

以上所述，僅為本發明較佳的具體實施方式，但本發明的保護範圍並不局限於此，任何熟悉本技術領域的技術人員在本發明揭露的技術範圍內，根據本發明的技術方案及其發明構思加以等同替換或改變，都應涵蓋在本發明的保護範圍之內。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

10:溶劑 11:第一次萃取之溶液 12:第二次萃取之溶液 21:未摘下之含花青素植物器官 22:枝幹 23:花盆 24:摘下之含花青素植物器官 30:容器 40:入射光 50:反射體10: Solvent 11: The first extraction solution 12: The second extraction solution 21: Unplucked anthocyanin-containing plant organs 22: Branches 23: Flower Pots 24: Picked anthocyanin-containing plant organs 30: Container 40: Incident light 50: Reflector

第1A圖用以說明在光能作用下，提取活植物器官中花青素之方法。Figure 1A is used to illustrate the method of extracting anthocyanins from living plant organs under the action of light energy.

第1B圖用以說明在光能作用下，提取已摘下之植物器官中花青素之方法。Fig. 1B is used to illustrate the method of extracting anthocyanins from excised plant organs under the action of light energy.

第2A圖用以說明在光能作用下，加裝反射體，提取活植物器官中花青素之方法。Figure 2A is used to illustrate the method for extracting anthocyanins from living plant organs by adding reflectors under the action of light energy.

第2B圖用以說明在光能作用下，加裝反射體，提取已摘下之植物器官中花青素之方法。Figure 2B is used to illustrate the method for extracting anthocyanins from plant organs that have been removed by adding reflectors under the action of light energy.

無without

10:溶劑10: Solvent

11:第一次萃取之溶液11: The first extraction solution

12:第二次萃取之溶液12: The second extraction solution

21:未摘下之含花青素植物器官21: Unplucked anthocyanin-containing plant organs

22:枝幹22: Branches

23:花盆23: Flower Pots

30:容器30: Container

40:入射光40: Incident light

Claims (10)

一種自含有花青素之植物器官萃取花青素的方法，其特徵在於該植物器官不須離開活植物本體，其中包含： 將一溶劑置於一容器中； 將該植物器官置於該容器中浸泡； 以一入射光照射該植物器官； 靜置一培養時間，使該溶劑萃取出該植物器官之花青素。A method for extracting anthocyanins from plant organs containing anthocyanins, characterized in that the plant organs do not need to leave the living plant body, comprising: placing a solvent in a container; soaking the plant organ in the container; irradiating the plant organ with an incident light; The anthocyanin of the plant organ is extracted from the solvent by standing for an incubation time. 如請求項1之方法，於萃取出該植物器官之花青素步驟後，可進一步包含： 以一入射光照射該植物器官一恢復時間，使其花青素含量恢復； 重複上述自含有花青素之植物器官萃取花青素的步驟。According to the method of claim 1, after the step of extracting the anthocyanins of the plant organ, it may further comprise: Irradiate the plant organ with an incident light for a recovery time, so that the anthocyanin content is recovered; The above steps of extracting anthocyanins from plant organs containing anthocyanins were repeated. 如請求項1之方法，其中該入射光為一太陽光。The method of claim 1, wherein the incident light is sunlight. 如請求項3之方法，其中該太陽光為上午10時至下午2時所提供。The method of claim 3, wherein the sunlight is provided from 10 am to 2 pm. 如請求項1之方法，其中該培養時間為2至3小時。The method of claim 1, wherein the incubation time is 2 to 3 hours. 如請求項2之方法，其中該恢復時間為2至3小時。The method of claim 2, wherein the recovery time is 2 to 3 hours. 如請求項1之方法，並進一步包含設置複數反射體，在該反射體自身不遮蔽該入射光照射該植物器官情況下，反射該入射光產生一反射光，使該反射光照射該植物器官。The method of claim 1, further comprising disposing a plurality of reflectors, and when the reflectors themselves do not shield the incident light from irradiating the plant organ, reflect the incident light to generate a reflected light, so that the reflected light illuminates the plant organ. 如請求項7之方法，其中該容器之器壁為可見光可穿透之材質。The method of claim 7, wherein the wall of the container is made of a material that is transparent to visible light. 如請求項7之方法，其中該反射體為鏡子。The method of claim 7, wherein the reflector is a mirror. 如請求項1之方法，其中該植物器官為一蝶豆(Clitoria ternatea )之一花朵。The method of claim 1, wherein the plant organ is a flower of Clitoria ternatea .

Images