TW202142381A

TW202142381A - Die head for extrusion molding equipment for foam material and extrusion molding method of foam material

Info

Publication number: TW202142381A
Application number: TW109115637A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 林一安
Original assignee: 祿弘股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2020-05-11
Publication date: 2021-11-16

Abstract

The present invention relates to a die head for extrusion molding equipment for foam material. The mass flow is guided into by the collating element, is pressurized in the collating element, and then enters the pressure adjusting element. The pressure adjustment element has multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels to divide the mass flow into multiple branch flows. Each group of pressure adjustment channels has at least one turning point and the cross section of each branch flow can have independent and different size adjustments on the path, so that the branch flow produces its own pressure adjustment effect when it passes through channels arranged with different cross sections. Finally, the pressure adjustment channels are then aggregated into a single space, so that each branch flow is aggregated into an aggregate flow. Then, the volume and pressure restrictions of the foam material are completely lifted, and it can be fully foamed into a finished product. In the present invention, with segmenting and independent branch flow foaming, when the larger expansion volume of the finished product is desired, the segmented pressure adjustment can allow the foaming material to be gradually foamed. Then it can avoid the bubble breaking phenomenon caused by the insufficient melt tension of the foam material when the foam is in place once. In addition, by changing the cross-sectional area in the path of each branch flow, different pressure configurations and different foaming structure differences are caused.

Description

用於發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭及發泡材料的押出成型方法Die head of foaming material extrusion molding equipment and foaming material extrusion molding method

本發明涉及一種押出成型設備，尤指一種用於發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭及押出成型方法。The invention relates to an extrusion molding equipment, in particular to a die head and an extrusion molding method used for the extrusion molding equipment of foamed materials.

現有技術中的高分子發泡材料之押出成型，係將化學或物理發泡劑與熔融的高分子聚合物混合後，以連續或斷續押出的方式，押入預設模頭中，則在出預設模頭後開始洩壓，由發泡劑釋放氣體膨脹撐開高分子聚合物，而使其充分發泡膨脹，最終成型為成品。然而，在高分子聚合物被氣體撐開的過程中，若發泡劑釋放較多的氣體、或灌入的氣體量較多，則容易導致高分子聚合物因熔體張力不足而導致氣泡破裂，進而影響整體的結構強度。再者，對於不同的高分子聚合物而言，其具有不同的熔體張力，但現有技術的模頭係無法因應不同的熔體張力而在料流通道上有所變化。Extrusion molding of polymer foam materials in the prior art is to mix chemical or physical foaming agents with molten polymer, and then push them into a preset die in a continuous or intermittent manner. After the die is preset, the pressure is released, and the blowing agent releases gas to expand and expand the high molecular polymer, so that it is fully foamed and expanded, and finally formed into a finished product. However, in the process of expanding the polymer by gas, if the blowing agent releases more gas or the amount of gas injected is more, it is easy to cause the polymer to burst due to insufficient melt tension. , Which in turn affects the overall structural strength. Furthermore, for different high molecular polymers, they have different melt tensions, but the die system of the prior art cannot adapt to different melt tensions to change the material flow channels.

有鑑於此，本發明係針對押出成型設備的模頭進行研究，以期能兼顧高分子發泡材料的體積膨脹度、以及其成型後的結構強度。In view of this, the present invention is to study the die head of the extrusion molding equipment, in order to take into account the volume expansion of the polymer foam material and the structural strength after its molding.

為達到上述之發明目的，本發明所採用的技術手段為提供一種發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其包括：一整流元件，其具有一內部空間、一進料口及一出料口，該內部空間分別與該進料口及該出料口相連通，該內部空間由該進料口處自該出料口處呈截面積漸小；一壓力調整元件，其與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該壓力調整元件包含有多組壓力調整通道，各組壓力調整通道具有至少一轉折處，且各組壓力調整通道之兩端分別為一入料孔及一出料孔，所述多組壓力調整通道之入料孔呈鄰接排列設置，而排列為一入料區域，所述多組壓力調整通道之出料孔呈分散排列設置，而排列為一出料區域，該出料區域之分布面積大於該入料區域之分布面積，該入料區域與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該出料區域連接於一單一空間，使得各組壓力調整通道之出料口與該單一空間相連接。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical means adopted by the present invention is to provide a die head of a foaming material extrusion molding equipment, which includes: A rectifying element, which has an internal space, a feed port and a discharge port, the internal space is respectively communicated with the feed port and the discharge port, and the internal space is connected to the feed port from the discharge port The cross-sectional area of the mouth is gradually smaller; A pressure adjusting element is connected to the discharge port of the rectifying element. The pressure adjusting element includes a plurality of sets of pressure adjusting channels, each set of pressure adjusting channels has at least one turning point, and the two ends of each set of pressure adjusting channels are respectively It is an inlet and a discharge hole. The inlet holes of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels are arranged adjacently, and are arranged as a feeding area, and the outlet holes of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels are arranged in a dispersed arrangement , And arranged as a discharging area, the distribution area of the discharging area is larger than the distribution area of the feeding area, the feeding area is connected with the outlet of the rectifying element, and the discharging area is connected to a single space, The discharge ports of each group of pressure adjustment channels are connected with the single space.

進一步而言，本發明亦提供一種發泡材料之押出成型方法，其包括： a. 提供一發泡材料，並構成一總料流； b. 對該總料流進行加壓； c. 將該總料流分為多個分支料流； d. 使各分支料流通過具有至少一轉折處的壓力調整通道，並於所述壓力調整通道中進行壓力調整； e. 壓力調整後之分支料流匯總為大於該總料流之分布面積的集合料流，並匯總於一成型空間中； d. 於該成型空間中，該集合料流降壓並發泡膨脹為一成品。Furthermore, the present invention also provides a foaming material extrusion molding method, which includes: a. Provide a foam material and constitute a total material flow; b. Pressurize the total stream; c. Divide the total stream into multiple branch streams; d. Make each branch stream pass through a pressure adjustment channel with at least one turning point, and perform pressure adjustment in the pressure adjustment channel; e. After pressure adjustment, the branch streams are aggregated into aggregate streams larger than the distribution area of the total stream, and are aggregated in a forming space; d. In the molding space, the aggregate stream is depressurized and foamed and expanded into a finished product.

本發明的優點在於，藉由分段調整壓力的作法，使得發泡材料先分支後通過具有至少一轉折處的壓力調整通道來進行壓力調節，隨後再匯總至單一空間中降壓，而進行完整膨脹成型，分段壓力調整的方式使得發泡材料的膨脹分段化，則材料不會一次膨脹至所欲的成品大小，而可避免發泡材料在膨脹的過程中因材料熔體張力不足過於快速膨脹而有泡體破裂的現象。透過改變個獨立的壓力調整通道的截面大小來產生在同一截面裡面可同時存在不同密度、不同氣泡大小、不同氣泡壁厚度等物性。The advantage of the present invention is that, by adjusting the pressure in sections, the foamed material is first branched and then adjusted through the pressure adjustment channel with at least one turning point, and then integrated into a single space to reduce the pressure, and complete Expansion molding, segmented pressure adjustment method makes the expansion of the foamed material segmented, so that the material will not expand to the desired finished product size at one time, and it can avoid the foaming material from being too strong due to insufficient melt tension during the expansion process. Rapid expansion and the phenomenon of bubble rupture. By changing the cross-sectional size of the independent pressure adjustment channels, the physical properties such as different densities, different bubble sizes, and different bubble wall thicknesses can exist in the same cross-section at the same time.

以下配合圖式及本發明之實施例，進一步闡述本發明為達成預定發明目的所採取的技術手段，其中圖式僅為了說明目的而已被簡化，並通過描述本發明的元件和組件之間的關係來說明本發明的結構或方法發明，因此，圖中所示的元件不以實際數量、實際形狀、實際尺寸以及實際比例呈現，尺寸或尺寸比例已被放大或簡化，藉此提供更好的說明，已選擇性地設計和配置實際數量、實際形狀或實際尺寸比例，而詳細的元件佈局可能更複雜。The following figures are combined with the embodiments of the present invention to further explain the technical means adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose of the invention. The figures are simplified for illustrative purposes only and describe the relationship between the elements and components of the present invention. To illustrate the structure or method of the present invention, therefore, the elements shown in the figure are not presented in actual numbers, actual shapes, actual sizes, and actual ratios. The sizes or size ratios have been enlarged or simplified to provide a better description. , The actual number, actual shape or actual size ratio has been selectively designed and configured, and the detailed component layout may be more complicated.

請參閱圖1至圖2所示，本發明之用於發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭包含有一整流元件10、一引流元件20、一壓力調整元件30及一成型元件40。前述各元件可一體成型為一單一構件、或分別成型為獨立元件，當構成獨立元件時，各元件之間的固定方式，係以螺栓、鉚釘或其餘連接件方式為之，在此不加以贅述。Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 2, the die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment of the present invention includes a rectifying element 10, a drainage element 20, a pressure adjusting element 30 and a molding element 40. The aforementioned elements can be integrally formed into a single component, or separately formed as independent elements. When forming independent elements, the fixing method between the elements is done by bolts, rivets or other connecting parts, which will not be repeated here. .

請參閱圖2至圖5所示，前述之整流元件10包含一內部空間11、一進料口12及一出料口13，該內部空間11分別與該進料口12及該出料口13相連通，出料口13與終端成品的截面形狀相關連，而進料口12則與料流供應源的截面形狀相關連，內部空間11則是提供從進料口12到出料口13的截面轉換緩衝空間。例如進料口12為圓形，終端產品截面為橫向較長的矩形，則該內部空間11由該進料口12處自該出料口13處呈截面積漸小。在一實施例中，該內部空間11之縱向高度H1由該進料口12處自該出料口13處呈漸窄，而該內部空間11之橫向寬度W1由該進料口12處自該出料口13處呈漸寬，但該縱向高度H1的變化程度大於該橫向寬度W1的變化程度。在一實施例中，該出料口13的兩側部位131相較於該出料口13的中段部位132而言具有較寬的截面，以圖2所示為例，該出料口13呈現中段部位132凹陷而兩側部位131擴張的截面，該內部空間11配合該出料口13之形狀亦在接近出料口13處逐漸變化為該中間凹陷而兩側擴張的截面形狀。在一實施例中，該整流元件10之端面相對於該出料口13的周緣內凹成形有一環凹槽14。Please refer to FIGS. 2 to 5, the aforementioned rectifying element 10 includes an internal space 11, a feed port 12, and a discharge port 13. The internal space 11 is connected to the feed port 12 and the discharge port 13 respectively. The discharge port 13 is related to the cross-sectional shape of the end product, and the feed port 12 is related to the cross-sectional shape of the material flow supply source. The internal space 11 provides a distance from the feed port 12 to the discharge port 13. Cross-section conversion buffer space. For example, if the feed port 12 is circular, and the cross-section of the end product is a horizontally long rectangle, the internal space 11 has a gradually smaller cross-sectional area from the feed port 12 to the discharge port 13. In one embodiment, the longitudinal height H1 of the internal space 11 is gradually narrowed from the inlet 12 to the outlet 13, and the lateral width W1 of the internal space 11 is from the inlet 12 to the The discharge port 13 is gradually wider, but the degree of change in the longitudinal height H1 is greater than the degree of change in the transverse width W1. In one embodiment, the two sides 131 of the discharge port 13 have a wider cross-section than the middle portion 132 of the discharge port 13. Taking FIG. 2 as an example, the discharge port 13 presents The middle section 132 is recessed and the side sections 131 are expanded. The internal space 11 matches the shape of the discharge port 13 and gradually changes to a cross-sectional shape that is recessed in the middle and expanded on both sides near the discharge port 13. In one embodiment, the end surface of the rectifying element 10 is concavely formed with a ring groove 14 relative to the periphery of the discharge port 13.

發泡材料之料流由該整流元件10的進料口12進入該整流元件10之內部空間11中，由於其內部空間11之截面積逐漸縮小，使得料流中的內部壓力逐漸增加。進一步而言，一般而言在流體流動時，中央較兩側而言具有較快的流速，故在該出料口13的兩側部位131相較於該出料口13的中段部位132而言具有較寬的截面，係可透過截面積的不同來調整中央及兩側的流速，使其維持一致。The flow of foamed material enters the internal space 11 of the rectifying element 10 through the feed port 12 of the rectifying element 10. As the cross-sectional area of the internal space 11 is gradually reduced, the internal pressure in the flow is gradually increased. Furthermore, generally speaking, when fluid flows, the center has a faster flow rate than the two sides. Therefore, the two sides 131 of the discharge port 13 are compared with the middle section 132 of the discharge port 13 With a wider cross-section, the flow velocity at the center and on both sides can be adjusted through the difference in cross-sectional area to keep it consistent.

請參閱圖2至圖6所示，前述之引流元件20連接於該整流元件10之出料口13，該引流元件20包含一內部空間21、一進料口22及一出料口23，該引流元件20之內部空間21與該引流元件20之進料口22及出料口23相連通，該引流元件20之進料口22與該整流元件10之出料口13對接且相連通，該引流元件20之內部空間21的橫向寬度W2由該進料口22處至該出料口23處呈漸寬，但該引流元件20之內部空間21在兩側處（如圖6之剖面圖所示）的縱向高度H2由該進料口22處至該出料口23處呈漸窄。在一實施例中，該引流元件20之進料口22的截面形狀與該整流元件10之出料口13的截面形狀相同。在一實施例中，該引流元件20之端面相對於該進料口22的周緣突設成形有一環凸緣24，該引流元件20之環凸緣24對接於該整流元件10之環凹槽14中，以使該引流元件20之進料口22與該整流元件10之出料口13能快速對位並對接。在一實施例中，該引流元件20之端面相對於該出料口23的周緣內凹成形有一環凹槽25。Please refer to Figures 2 to 6, the aforementioned flow guiding element 20 is connected to the discharge port 13 of the rectifying element 10. The flow guiding element 20 includes an internal space 21, a feed port 22 and a discharge port 23. The internal space 21 of the flow guiding element 20 is connected to the inlet 22 and the outlet 23 of the flow guiding element 20. The inlet 22 of the flow guiding element 20 and the outlet 13 of the rectifying element 10 are butted and communicated. The lateral width W2 of the internal space 21 of the drainage element 20 is gradually wider from the inlet 22 to the outlet 23, but the internal space 21 of the drainage element 20 is on both sides (as shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 6). The longitudinal height H2 shown) gradually narrows from the inlet 22 to the outlet 23. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet 22 of the flow guiding element 20 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the outlet 13 of the rectifying element 10. In one embodiment, the end surface of the flow guiding element 20 is protrudingly formed with a ring flange 24 relative to the periphery of the inlet 22, and the ring flange 24 of the flow guiding element 20 abuts against the ring groove 14 of the rectifying element 10 , So that the inlet 22 of the flow guiding element 20 and the outlet 13 of the rectifying element 10 can be quickly aligned and connected. In one embodiment, the end surface of the drainage element 20 is concavely formed with a ring groove 25 relative to the periphery of the discharge port 23.

當發泡材料之料流通過該引流元件20時，藉由該引流元件20之內部空間21的形狀變化，來整理料流的截面形狀。When the flow of foamed material passes through the flow guiding element 20, the cross-sectional shape of the flow is adjusted by the shape change of the inner space 21 of the flow guiding element 20.

請參閱圖2至4所示，前述之壓力調整元件30連接於該引流元件20之出料口23，在一實施例中，該壓力調整元件30之一端對接於該引流元件20之環凹槽25中。該壓力調整元件30包含有多組壓力調整通道300，各組壓力調整通道300具有至少一轉折處，以控制在入料或出料段整流為相同截面形狀的料流，其中位於中央的壓力調整通道300可不具有轉折處。請進一步參閱圖7至圖8所示，在本實施例中，各組壓力調整通道300包含有依序連通之一入料孔31、一入料通道32、一中介通道33、一出料通道34、及一出料孔35，該入料孔31的截面形狀與該出料孔35之截面形狀相同，。該入料通道32與該入料孔31為同軸且相對齊、並具有相同截面形狀，該出料通道34與該出料孔35為同軸且相對齊、並具有相同截面形狀，該中介通道33之兩端分別與該入料通道32及該出料通道34相連接，該中介通道33與該入料通道32及該出料通道34皆不同軸，使各組壓力調整通道300之入料通道32與出料通道34不相對齊，該中介通道33相較於該入料通道32係向外側傾斜，具體而言，該中介通道33與該入料通道32呈一小於180度的夾角θ₁ ，該中介通道33與該出料通道34呈一大於180度的夾角θ₂ 。所述多組壓力調整通道300之入料孔31與該引流元件20之出料口23相連通，所述多組壓力調整通道300之入料孔31呈鄰接排列設置，而排列為一入料區域301，在一實施例中，相鄰之入料孔31之間的壁厚在材料所能允許的範圍內盡量設置為最薄。該入料區域301與該引流元件20之出料口23對接且相連通，該入料區域301之形狀與該引流元件20之出料口23的形狀相對應，所述多組壓力調整通道300之出料孔35呈分散排列設置，而排列為一出料區域302，該出料區域302之分布面積大於該入料區域301之分布面積。意即，藉由該中介通道33向外側傾斜、且分別與入料通道32及出料通道34均不同軸的設置，來拉開出料孔35之間的間距，使得出料孔35可分散排列為面積較大的出料區域302。在一實施例中，亦可不具有該引流元件20，而直接由壓力調整元件30與該整流元件10對接，該整流元件10之出料口13之形狀與該入料區域301之形狀相對應，由該整流元件10之出料口13與該壓力調整元件30的入料區域301對接且相連通。Please refer to FIGS. 2 to 4, the aforementioned pressure adjusting element 30 is connected to the discharge port 23 of the drainage element 20. In one embodiment, one end of the pressure adjusting element 30 is connected to the annular groove of the drainage element 20 25 in. The pressure adjusting element 30 includes a plurality of groups of pressure adjusting channels 300, each group of pressure adjusting channels 300 has at least one turning point to control the material flow rectified into the same cross-sectional shape in the feeding or discharging section, and the pressure at the center is adjusted The channel 300 may not have a turning point. Please further refer to FIG. 7 to FIG. 8. In this embodiment, each group of pressure adjustment channels 300 includes a feed hole 31, a feed channel 32, an intermediate channel 33, and a discharge channel connected in sequence. 34. And an outlet hole 35, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet hole 31 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the outlet hole 35. The feeding channel 32 and the feeding hole 31 are coaxial and aligned with each other and have the same cross-sectional shape. The outlet channel 34 and the outlet hole 35 are coaxial and aligned with each other and have the same cross-sectional shape. The intermediate channel 33 The two ends are respectively connected to the feeding channel 32 and the discharging channel 34. The intermediate channel 33 is not in the same axis as the feeding channel 32 and the discharging channel 34, so that the feeding channels of each group of pressure adjustment channels 300 32 is not aligned with the discharge channel 34. The intermediate channel 33 is inclined to the outside compared to the feed channel 32. Specifically, the intermediate channel 33 and the feed channel 32 form an included angle θ _{1 that is less than 180 degrees.} , The intermediate channel 33 and the discharge channel 34 form an included angle θ ₂ greater than 180 degrees. The inlets 31 of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels 300 are communicated with the outlet 23 of the drainage element 20, and the inlets 31 of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels 300 are arranged adjacently and arranged as a feeding In the area 301, in one embodiment, the wall thickness between adjacent feeding holes 31 is set to be the thinnest possible within the allowable range of the material. The feed area 301 is butted and communicated with the discharge port 23 of the drainage element 20. The shape of the feed area 301 corresponds to the shape of the discharge port 23 of the drainage element 20. The multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels 300 The discharging holes 35 are arranged in a dispersed arrangement, and are arranged as a discharging area 302, the distribution area of the discharging area 302 is larger than the distribution area of the feeding area 301. That is, by the intermediary channel 33 inclined to the outside and arranged on different axes with the feeding channel 32 and the discharging channel 34 respectively, the spacing between the discharging holes 35 is opened, so that the discharging holes 35 can be dispersed. It is arranged as a discharge area 302 with a larger area. In one embodiment, the drainage element 20 may not be provided, and the pressure adjusting element 30 is directly connected to the rectifying element 10, and the shape of the outlet 13 of the rectifying element 10 corresponds to the shape of the feeding area 301. The discharge port 13 of the rectifying element 10 is butted and communicated with the feeding area 301 of the pressure adjusting element 30.

就各組調壓通道300而言，由於須透過斜向設置的中介通道33來擴張出料區域302的涵蓋面積，但斜向設置的中介通道33勢必會產生截面形狀的變形，則藉由入料孔31與入料通道32具有相同的截面形狀、出料孔35與出料通道34具有相同的截面形狀，來可控制發泡材料之料流的截面形狀，以達到整流的效果。在一實施例中，可僅具有入料通道32或僅具有出料通道34。For each group of pressure regulating passages 300, the coverage area of the discharging area 302 must be expanded through the intermediate passage 33 arranged obliquely, but the intermediate passage 33 arranged obliquely will inevitably produce deformation of the cross-sectional shape. The material hole 31 and the input channel 32 have the same cross-sectional shape, and the discharge hole 35 and the discharge channel 34 have the same cross-sectional shape, so as to control the cross-sectional shape of the foam material flow to achieve the effect of rectification. In an embodiment, there may be only the inlet channel 32 or only the outlet channel 34.

進一步而言，發泡材料之料流由引流元件20之出料口23進入該壓力調整元件30之入料區域301時，受到多個入料孔31的設置而將一束總料流切分為多束分支料流，隨後分支料流在通過壓力調整通道300的過程中，受到入料孔31及入料通道32、與出料通道34及出料孔35的截面積變化的設計，而使得分支料流的壓力可為發泡材料之不同熔體張力而調整。在一實施例中，該入料孔31之截面積小於該出料孔35之截面積，該出料孔35之截面積與該入料孔31之截面積的比值為1.5至3，而入料通道32及該出料通道34的截面積則逐漸變大，以適用於熔體張力較小的發泡材料，使其在通過壓力調整通道300的過程中，進行分段降壓，但該中介通道33之截面積則不限，可維持一致、或逐漸變大、或逐漸變小。在另一實施例中，該入料孔31之截面積大於該出料孔35之截面積，該入料孔31之截面積與該出料孔35之截面積的比值為1.5至3，而該入料通道32及該出料通道34的截面積則逐漸變小，以適用於熔體張力較大的發泡材料，使騎在通過壓力調整通道300的過程中，進行逐漸加壓，但該中介通道33之截面積則不限，可維持一致、或逐漸變大、或逐漸變小。Furthermore, when the flow of foamed material enters the feeding area 301 of the pressure adjusting element 30 from the discharge port 23 of the flow guiding element 20, it is set by a plurality of inlet holes 31 to divide a bundle of total material flow. It is a multi-bundle branch stream, and then the branch stream is subjected to the design of the cross-sectional area changes of the inlet hole 31 and the inlet passage 32, and the outlet passage 34 and the outlet hole 35 during the process of passing through the pressure adjustment channel 300, and The pressure of the branch stream can be adjusted for the different melt tension of the foamed material. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35 to the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 is 1.5 to 3, and the inlet The cross-sectional area of the material channel 32 and the discharge channel 34 gradually becomes larger, so as to be suitable for foamed materials with lower melt tension, so that the pressure can be reduced in stages during the process of passing through the pressure adjustment channel 300. The cross-sectional area of the intermediary channel 33 is not limited, and can be kept consistent, or gradually become larger or gradually smaller. In another embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 to the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35 is 1.5 to 3, and The cross-sectional area of the feeding channel 32 and the discharging channel 34 gradually becomes smaller, so as to be suitable for foamed materials with higher melt tension, so as to gradually pressurize while riding through the pressure adjusting channel 300, but The cross-sectional area of the intermediary channel 33 is not limited, and can be kept consistent, or gradually become larger or gradually smaller.

所述壓力調整元件30之壓力調整通道300的入料孔31與出料孔35可設計為各種截面形狀，如圖7及圖8所示，所述入料孔31與所述出料孔35之截面形狀為正六邊形或正六邊形之部份；如圖10及圖11所示，所述入料孔31A與所述出料孔35A之截面形狀為圓形；如圖12及圖13所示，所述入料孔31B與所述出料孔35B之截面形狀為四邊形，但本發明不在此限。The inlet 31 and outlet 35 of the pressure adjustment channel 300 of the pressure adjustment element 30 can be designed in various cross-sectional shapes, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the inlet 31 and the outlet 35 The cross-sectional shape is a regular hexagon or part of a regular hexagon; as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet hole 31A and the outlet hole 35A is circular; Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet hole 31B and the outlet hole 35B is quadrilateral, but the present invention is not limited to this.

請參閱圖2至5所示，前述之成型元件40連接於該壓力調整元件30之出料區域302，該成型元件40包含有一內部空間41、一進料口42及一出料口43，該成型元件40之內部空間41與該成型元件40之進料口42及出料口43相連通，該成型元件40之進料口42與該壓力調整元件30之出料區域302對接、且與該出料區域302之各出料孔35相連通。在一實施例中，該成型元件40之進料口42周緣內凹成形有一環凹槽44，該壓力調整元件30之一端對接於該成型元件40之環凹槽44中。在一實施例中，一隔熱板50圍繞設置於該成型元件40之進料口42周緣，並圍繞設置於該壓力調整元件30之出料區域302周緣，以隔絕成型元件40與壓力調整元件30間的熱傳導。Please refer to Figures 2 to 5, the aforementioned molding element 40 is connected to the discharge area 302 of the pressure adjusting element 30. The molding element 40 includes an inner space 41, an inlet 42 and an outlet 43. The internal space 41 of the molding element 40 is in communication with the feed port 42 and the discharge port 43 of the molding element 40, and the feed port 42 of the molding element 40 is abutted with the discharge area 302 of the pressure adjusting element 30 and is connected to the The discharging holes 35 of the discharging area 302 communicate with each other. In one embodiment, a ring groove 44 is concavely formed in the periphery of the feed port 42 of the molding element 40, and one end of the pressure adjusting element 30 is butted in the ring groove 44 of the molding element 40. In one embodiment, a heat insulation board 50 surrounds the periphery of the inlet 42 of the molding element 40 and surrounds the periphery of the discharge area 302 of the pressure adjusting element 30 to isolate the molding element 40 from the pressure adjusting element. 30 heat conduction.

前述之分支料流進入該成型元件40之內部空間41後，即失去限制而完全降壓，並開始發泡膨脹成型，各分支料流將與相鄰分支料流所發泡膨脹成型形成對接，最後組成一完整的發泡成型的成品，因此入料孔及出料孔之截面形狀，將影響每束分支料流在最後發泡膨脹成型時所開始向外擴張的形狀、以及與相鄰分支料流對接的連接面，進而影響各分支料流之成型後的結合強度。以截面形狀為正六邊形或正六邊形之部份為例，請參閱圖14所示，每束分支料流MF在最終出料處，都依照出料孔35A的截面形狀而呈截面六邊形或六邊形之部份，並由各邊開始向外膨脹擴張成型，則與各方向相鄰的分支料流MF膨脹到對接時，係由面與面對接而構成較穩固的連接關係，且基於正六邊形各邊夾角非垂直的關係，在整體結構中的各分支料流MF之對接面係分佈在不同的角度方向，亦即相較於最終結構的各表面而言，無論是垂直於各表面、平行於各表面、或既不垂直也不平行於各表面的對接面均所在多有，則無論最終結構受到來自任何一方向的外力作用時，內部結構基於各個不同角度的對接面，均能承受各方向的外力作用，而不至於在特定方向會產生結構性特別脆弱的現象。再者，藉由中介通道33、入料通道32與出料通道34為不同軸的設置，且入料孔31與入料通道32同軸、出料孔35與出料通道34同軸，則出料之分支料流的截面形狀可不受中介通道33傾斜而變形的截面形狀所影響，則在擴張出料區域302之面積的前提下，仍能透過出料孔35及出料通道34的截面形狀而限制為所欲之分支料流MF的截面形狀。After the aforementioned branch stream enters the internal space 41 of the molding element 40, it loses its restriction and completely reduces the pressure, and starts foaming expansion molding. Each branch stream will be connected to the adjacent branch stream by foaming expansion molding. Finally, a complete foam molding product is formed. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet and outlet holes will affect the shape of each branch stream that begins to expand outward during the final foam expansion molding, as well as the adjacent branch The connection surface where the material flows butt, which in turn affects the bonding strength of each branch of the material flow after forming. Take the part whose cross-sectional shape is regular hexagon or regular hexagon as an example. Please refer to Figure 14. Each branch stream MF has a hexagonal cross-section according to the cross-sectional shape of the discharge hole 35A at the final discharge position. The part of the shape or hexagon, and expand outward from each side, then when the branch stream MF adjacent to each direction expands to butt, it forms a more stable connection relationship by the face and the face. , And based on the non-perpendicular relationship between the sides of the regular hexagon, the butting surfaces of the branch streams MF in the overall structure are distributed in different angular directions, that is, compared to the surfaces of the final structure, whether it is There are many butting surfaces that are perpendicular to each surface, parallel to each surface, or neither perpendicular nor parallel to each surface. When the final structure is subjected to external force from any direction, the internal structure is based on the butt of different angles. The surface can withstand external forces in various directions, so that the structure will not be particularly fragile in a specific direction. Furthermore, by the intermediary channel 33, the feeding channel 32 and the discharging channel 34 being arranged on different axes, and the feeding hole 31 and the feeding channel 32 are coaxial, and the discharging hole 35 and the discharging channel 34 are coaxial, the discharging The cross-sectional shape of the branch stream is not affected by the cross-sectional shape deformed by the inclination of the intermediate channel 33. Under the premise of expanding the area of the discharging area 302, it can still pass through the cross-sectional shape of the discharging hole 35 and the discharging channel 34. It is limited to the cross-sectional shape of the desired branch stream MF.

進一步而言，本發明之押出成型設備之模頭可包含有多個前段壓力調整子元件來組合構成前述之壓力調整元件，以下具體提供多種實施態樣，但本發明不在此限。Furthermore, the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention may include a plurality of front-stage pressure adjusting sub-elements to combine to form the aforementioned pressure adjusting element. The following specifically provides a variety of implementation modes, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

請參閱圖15及圖16所示，該壓力調整元件30C包含有多個軸向對接的子壓力調整元件（在本實施例中，以兩個子壓力調整元件為例，但不在此限），各子壓力調整元件的細部結構如圖2至9所示之壓力調整元件30的細部結構，不再贅述。其中所述多個子壓力調整元件包含最接近該引流元件20C之前端子壓力調整元件60、及最接近該成型元件40C的末端子壓力調整元件70，該前端子壓力調整元件60之入料區域61與該引流元件20C之出料口23C對接且相連通，該末端子壓力調整元件70之出料區域72與該成型元件40C之進料口42C對接且相連通，而該前端子壓力調整元件60之出料區域62與相鄰的該第二元件70之入料區域71對接、相連通、且形狀相符。該前端子壓力調整元件60之出料區域62之各出料孔621之截面積與其入料區域61的各入料孔611之截面積的比值為1.5至3，該末端子壓力調整元件70之出料區域72之各出料孔721之截面積與其入料區域71的各入料孔711之截面積的比值為1.5至3，而該前端子壓力調整元件60之出料區域62的各出料孔621的截面積與該末端子壓力調整元件70之入料區域71的各入料孔711的截面積比值為1至1.2。亦即，流經每道壓力調整通道的分支料流之截面積假設一開始為A，由前端子壓力調整元件60之入料區域61至前端子壓力調整元件60之出料區域62，每束分支料流的截面積變大為1.5A至3A，再至末端子壓力調整元件70之入料區域71，每束分支料流的截面積不變仍為1.5A至3A、或略為縮小為1.23A至2.5A，最後至末端子壓力調整元件70之出料區域72，每束分支料流的截面積再變大為2.25A至9A、或1.845A至7.5A。在此實施例中，分支料流在進入前端子壓力調整元件60時，基於截面積的變化而產生第一段降壓，而進入末端子壓力調整元件70時，基於截面積的變化又產生第二段降壓。Please refer to Figures 15 and 16, the pressure adjusting element 30C includes a plurality of axially butted sub-pressure adjusting elements (in this embodiment, two sub-pressure adjusting elements are taken as an example, but not limited to this), The detailed structure of each sub-pressure adjusting element is shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 as the detailed structure of the pressure adjusting element 30, which will not be repeated. The plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements include the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60 closest to the drainage element 20C, and the terminal sub-pressure adjusting element 70 closest to the molding element 40C, and the feed area 61 of the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60 and The discharge port 23C of the drainage element 20C is butted and communicated, the discharge area 72 of the end sub-pressure adjusting element 70 is butted and communicated with the feed port 42C of the molding element 40C, and the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60 is The discharging area 62 and the adjacent feeding area 71 of the second element 70 are butted, communicated, and conformed in shape. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of each discharge hole 621 of the discharge area 62 of the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60 to the cross-sectional area of each inlet hole 611 of the input area 61 is 1.5 to 3. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of each discharge hole 721 of the discharging area 72 to the cross-sectional area of each inlet hole 711 of the input area 71 is 1.5 to 3, and the discharge area 62 of the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60 has a ratio The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the material hole 621 to the cross-sectional area of each material inlet 711 of the material inlet region 71 of the terminal sub-pressure adjusting element 70 is 1 to 1.2. That is, the cross-sectional area of the branch stream flowing through each pressure adjustment channel is assumed to be A at the beginning, from the inlet area 61 of the front terminal pressure adjustment element 60 to the discharge area 62 of the front terminal pressure adjustment element 60, each bundle The cross-sectional area of the branch stream becomes larger from 1.5A to 3A, and then to the feed area 71 of the terminal sub-pressure adjusting element 70, the cross-sectional area of each branch stream remains unchanged from 1.5A to 3A, or slightly reduced to 1.23 A to 2.5A, and finally to the discharge area 72 of the end sub-pressure adjusting element 70, the cross-sectional area of each branch stream becomes larger to 2.25A to 9A, or 1.845A to 7.5A. In this embodiment, when the branch stream enters the front terminal pressure adjusting element 60, the first stage of pressure reduction is generated based on the change in the cross-sectional area, and when it enters the terminal sub-pressure adjusting element 70, the second step is generated based on the change in the cross-sectional area. Two-stage depressurization.

請參閱圖17及圖18所示，該壓力調整元件30D包含有多個呈矩陣排列堆疊設置的子壓力調整元件80（在本實施例中，以六個子壓力調整元件為例，但不在此限），各子壓力調整元件80的細部結構如圖2至9所示之壓力調整元件30的細部結構，不再贅述。各子壓力調整元件80之入料區域81隨著各子壓力調整元件80之堆疊而排列構成一總入料區域810，各子壓力調整元件80之出料區域82隨著子壓力調整元件80之堆疊而排列構成一總出料區域820。在一實施例中，所述多個子壓力調整元件80所構成之總入料區域810與單一引流元件之出料口對接且相連通，所述多個子壓力調整元件80所構成之總出料區域820與單一成型元件之進料口對接且相連通，則料流可透過堆疊的子壓力調整元件80而分散至更廣的面積範圍。在一實施例中，所述多個子壓力調整元件80之入料區域81分別與不同引流元件之出料口對接且相連通，該子壓力調整元件80之總出料區域820與單一成型元件之進料口對接且相連通，則不同的引流元件可導入不同材質、或不同顏色的料流，而讓最終出料時所成型的成品在不同位置係由不同材質、或不同顏色、或不同密度、或不同氣泡大小、或不同氣泡壁厚度所構成，則因應製造上的需求，可製造出由不同材質或結構所構成的成品、或由不同顏色所構成的成品。Please refer to FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, the pressure adjusting element 30D includes a plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 80 stacked in a matrix arrangement (in this embodiment, six sub-pressure adjusting elements are taken as an example, but not limited thereto. ), the detailed structure of each sub-pressure adjusting element 80 is shown in Figs. 2 to 9 of the detailed structure of the pressure adjusting element 30, which will not be repeated. The feeding area 81 of each sub-pressure adjusting element 80 is arranged to form a total feeding area 810 along with the stacking of the sub-pressure adjusting elements 80, and the discharging area 82 of each sub-pressure adjusting element 80 follows the sub-pressure adjusting element 80. Stacked and arranged to form a total discharge area 820. In one embodiment, the total feed area 810 formed by the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 80 is butted and communicated with the discharge port of a single drainage element, and the total discharge area formed by the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 80 820 is connected to and connected to the feed port of a single molding element, and the material flow can be dispersed to a wider area through the stacked sub-pressure adjusting elements 80. In one embodiment, the feeding areas 81 of the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 80 are respectively butted and communicated with the outlets of different drainage elements, and the total outlet area 820 of the sub-pressure adjusting elements 80 is connected with that of a single molding element. The feed inlets are connected and connected, and different drainage elements can introduce streams of different materials or colors, so that the final product formed at different positions is made of different materials, or colors, or densities. , Or different bubble sizes, or different bubble wall thicknesses, in response to manufacturing needs, finished products made of different materials or structures, or finished products made of different colors can be manufactured.

請參閱圖19及圖20所示，該壓力調整元件30E包含有多個呈同心圓排列套接設置的子壓力調整元件90（在本實施例中，以兩個子壓力調整元件為例，但不在此限），各子壓力調整元件90的細部結構如圖2至9所示之壓力調整元件30的細部結構，不再贅述。各子壓力調整元件90之入料區域91隨著各子壓力調整元件90之套接而排列構成一總入料區域910，各子壓力調整元件90之出料區域92隨著子壓力調整元件90之套接而排列構成一總出料區域920。在一實施例中，所述多個子壓力調整元件90所構成之總入料區域910與單一引流元件之出料口對接且相連通，所述多個子壓力調整元件90所構成之總出料區域20與單一成型元件之進料口對接且相連通，則料流可透過套接的子壓力調整元件90而分散至更廣的面積範圍。在一實施例中，所述多個子壓力調整元件90之入料區域91分別與不同引流元件之出料口對接且相連通，該子壓力調整元件90之總出料區域920與單一成型元件之進料口對接且相連通，則不同的引流元件可導入不同材質、或不同顏色的料流，而讓最終出料時所成型的成品在內外圈的不同位置係由不同材質、或不同顏色、或不同密度、或不同氣泡大小、或不同氣泡壁厚度所構成，則因應製造上的需求，可製造出由不同材質或結構所構成的成品、或由不同顏色所構成的成品。Please refer to FIGS. 19 and 20, the pressure adjusting element 30E includes a plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 90 arranged in a concentric circle and sleeved (in this embodiment, two sub-pressure adjusting elements are taken as an example, but Not limited to this), the detailed structure of each sub-pressure adjusting element 90 is shown in FIGS. 2 to 9 as the detailed structure of the pressure adjusting element 30, which will not be repeated here. The feeding area 91 of each sub-pressure adjusting element 90 is arranged to form a total feeding area 910 as the sub-pressure adjusting element 90 is sleeved, and the discharging area 92 of each sub-pressure adjusting element 90 follows the sub-pressure adjusting element 90. The sockets are arranged to form a total discharge area 920. In one embodiment, the total feed area 910 formed by the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 90 is butted and communicated with the discharge port of a single drainage element, and the total discharge area formed by the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 90 20 is butted and communicated with the feed port of a single molding element, and the material flow can be dispersed to a wider area through the sleeved sub-pressure adjusting element 90. In one embodiment, the inlet regions 91 of the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements 90 are respectively butted and communicated with the outlets of different drainage elements, and the total outlet area 920 of the sub-pressure adjusting elements 90 is connected with that of a single molding element. The feed inlets are connected and connected, and different drainage elements can introduce streams of different materials or colors, so that the finished product formed at the final discharge is made of different materials, or different colors, at different positions on the inner and outer rings. If it is composed of different densities, or different bubble sizes, or different bubble wall thicknesses, in response to manufacturing requirements, finished products made of different materials or structures, or finished products made of different colors can be manufactured.

再者，所述多個子壓力調整元件亦可呈異型排列設置，即排列為所需的形狀，而無特定形狀限制。Furthermore, the plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements can also be arranged in a special shape, that is, arranged in a desired shape without limitation of a specific shape.

請參閱圖21所示，本發明之發泡材料的押出成型方法包含以下步驟：提供一發泡材料（S11）；對該發泡材料之總料流進行加壓（S12）；將發泡材料之總料流分為多個分支料流（S13）；使各分支料流通過具有至少一轉折處的通道並於通道中進行壓力調整（S14）；壓力調整後之分支料流匯總為大於該總料流之截面積的集合料流，並匯總於成型空間中（S15）；進行最終降壓而發泡膨脹，進而成型出成品（S16）。以下針對各步驟配合圖4及圖7至9進行詳細說明。Please refer to Figure 21, the foaming material extrusion molding method of the present invention includes the following steps: providing a foaming material (S11); pressurizing the total flow of the foaming material (S12); The total stream is divided into multiple branch streams (S13); each branch stream is passed through a channel with at least one turning point and the pressure is adjusted in the channel (S14); the branch streams after pressure adjustment are summarized to be greater than this The aggregate flow of the cross-sectional area of the total flow is collected in the molding space (S15); the final pressure drop is performed to foam and expand, and then the finished product is molded (S16). Hereinafter, each step will be described in detail in conjunction with FIGS. 4 and 7-9.

首先將發泡材料導入該整流元件10之進料口12（S11）；該發泡材料所構成之總料流在通過該整流元件10之內部空間11時，由於該整流元件10之內部空間11的截面積逐漸變小，故總料流之體積被壓縮而對其中的發泡材料產生加壓（S12）；當總料流通過該整流元件10及該引流元件20後，在進入該壓力調整元件30之各入料孔31時，受限於多個入料孔31的設置而被分隔為多個分支料流（S13）；當分支料流通過壓力調整通道300時，基於入料通道32與中介通道33非同軸、中介通道33與出料通道34亦非同軸，則分支料流的路徑轉折兩次而朝外側延伸，且其中基於入料通道32與出料通道34之截面積的變化，而產生降壓或加壓的效果（S14）；當各分支料流離開壓力調整元件30之各出料孔35時，通過成型元件40之進料口42而進入成型元件40之內部空間41中（S15）；此時各分支料流的體積限制已消除，則各分支料流在成型元件40之內部空間41中完全施放壓力，而開始發泡膨脹成型，最終各分支料流結合構成所需的成品（S16）。First, the foaming material is introduced into the feed port 12 of the rectifying element 10 (S11); when the total flow of the foaming material passes through the internal space 11 of the rectifying element 10, due to the internal space 11 of the rectifying element 10 The cross-sectional area gradually becomes smaller, so the volume of the total flow is compressed to pressurize the foaming material in it (S12); when the total flow passes through the rectifying element 10 and the drainage element 20, it enters the pressure adjustment When each feed hole 31 of the element 30 is limited by the arrangement of the multiple feed holes 31, it is divided into multiple branch streams (S13); when the branch streams pass through the pressure adjustment channel 300, based on the feed channel 32 It is non-coaxial with the intermediate channel 33, and the intermediate channel 33 and the discharge channel 34 are also non-coaxial, and the path of the branch stream turns twice and extends outward, and it is based on the change of the cross-sectional area of the input channel 32 and the discharge channel 34 , And produce the effect of depressurization or pressurization (S14); when each branch flow leaves each discharge hole 35 of the pressure adjustment element 30, it enters the internal space 41 of the molding element 40 through the inlet 42 of the molding element 40 Medium (S15); At this time, the volume restriction of each branch stream has been eliminated, and each branch stream completely exerts pressure in the internal space 41 of the forming element 40, and foaming expansion molding begins, and finally each branch stream is combined to form a structure The required finished product (S16).

於步驟S14中，當分支料流通過截面積逐漸變大的通道時，係產生降壓的效果；而當分支料流通過截面積逐漸變小的通道時，係產生加壓的效果。在一實施例中，當入料孔31之截面積小於出料孔35之截面積，且入料通道32、中介通道33及出料通道34的截面積逐漸變大時，則在步驟S14中，分支料流係在該壓力調整通道中進行降壓。在一實施例中，當入料孔31之截面積大於出料孔35之截面積，且入料通道32、中介通道33及出料通道34的截面積逐漸變小時，則在步驟S14中，分支料流係在該壓力調整通道中進行加壓。在一實施例中，當入料孔31之截面積小於出料孔35之截面積，且入料通道32及出料通道34的截面積逐漸變大、又中介通道33的截面積逐漸變小時，則在步驟S14中，分支料流係在該壓力調整通道中先進行降壓、再進行加壓、最後進行降壓。In step S14, when the branch stream passes through a channel with a gradually increasing cross-sectional area, the effect of pressure reduction is produced; and when the branch stream passes through a channel with a gradually smaller cross-sectional area, the effect of pressure is produced. In one embodiment, when the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35, and the cross-sectional areas of the inlet channel 32, the intermediate channel 33, and the outlet channel 34 gradually become larger, then in step S14 , The branch stream is depressurized in the pressure adjustment channel. In one embodiment, when the cross-sectional area of the feed hole 31 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the discharge hole 35, and the cross-sectional areas of the feed channel 32, the intermediate channel 33, and the discharge channel 34 gradually become smaller, then in step S14, The branch stream is pressurized in the pressure adjustment channel. In one embodiment, when the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole 31 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole 35, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet channel 32 and the outlet channel 34 gradually become larger, and the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel 33 gradually becomes smaller , Then in step S14, the branch stream is firstly depressurized, then pressurized, and finally depressurized in the pressure adjustment channel.

因此，發泡材料在本發明之押出成型設備的模頭之行進過程中，首先通過加壓件10的加壓，再通過壓力調整元件30的分流及初段壓力調整，最後至成型元件40的內部空間41中完全降壓，而發泡膨脹成型為成品，藉由分段調整壓力的方式，讓材料在發泡的過程中，能因應其熔體張力的特性，而獲得分段降壓、或逐漸加壓的效果，最後再到後段進行完整的洩壓膨脹，而使得發泡材料藉由壓力調整的方式，完整的膨脹成型到所欲的成品大小，由於發泡材料係為先因應其熔體張力的不同而調整壓力，則可有效避免發泡材料在膨脹的過程中因不當膨脹而有破裂的現象。再者，藉由壓力調整元件30具有至少一轉折的通道，來維持料流在入口或出口處能維持截面形狀相同，而達到整流的效果。Therefore, during the traveling process of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention, the foamed material is firstly pressurized by the pressurizing member 10, and then passed through the diversion of the pressure adjusting element 30 and the initial pressure adjustment, and finally reaches the inside of the molding element 40 The pressure in the space 41 is completely reduced, and the foam is expanded and formed into a finished product. By adjusting the pressure in sections, the material can obtain a step-by-step pressure reduction according to the characteristics of its melt tension during the foaming process, or The effect of gradual pressure, and finally complete pressure relief expansion in the later stage, so that the foam material can be completely expanded and molded to the desired finished product size by pressure adjustment. Because the foam material is first melted in response to it Adjusting the pressure due to the different body tension can effectively prevent the foaming material from rupturing due to improper expansion during the expansion process. Furthermore, the pressure adjusting element 30 has at least one turning channel to maintain the same cross-sectional shape of the material flow at the inlet or the outlet, thereby achieving the effect of rectification.

進一步而言，當採用圖15、16所示之壓力調整元件30C，各分支料流進入第一子壓力調整元件60時，開始產生第一段發泡膨脹，而再進入第二子壓力調整元件70時，又產生第二段發泡膨脹，最後才進入成型元件40C中完整發泡成型為所需成品，如此經過多段發泡膨脹的過程，可進一步能達到分段洩壓、分段膨脹的效果，而避免熔體張力較小之發泡材料在膨脹的過程中因過於快速膨脹而有破裂的現象。Furthermore, when the pressure adjusting element 30C shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is used, when each branch stream enters the first sub-pressure adjusting element 60, the first stage of foaming and expansion begins to occur, and then it enters the second sub-pressure adjusting element. At 70 o'clock, a second stage of foaming and expansion occurs, and finally it enters the molding element 40C to complete the foaming and molding into the desired finished product. In this way, after the process of multi-stage foaming and expansion, it can further achieve the staged pressure relief and staged expansion. Effectively, it prevents the foam material with low melt tension from rupturing due to excessive rapid expansion during the expansion process.

以上所述僅是本發明的實施例而已，並非對本發明做任何形式上的限制，雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然而並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明技術方案的範圍內，當可利用上述揭示的技術內容作出些許更動或修飾為等同變化的等效實施例，但凡是未脫離本發明技術方案的內容，依據本發明的技術實質對以上實施例所作的任何簡單修改、等同變化與修飾，均仍屬於本發明技術方案的範圍內。The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the relevant technical field, Without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, when the technical content disclosed above can be used to make slight changes or modification into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but any content that does not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention is based on the technical essence of the present invention Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

10:整流元件 11:內部空間 12:進料口 13:出料口 131:兩側部位 132:中段部位 14:環凹槽 20、20C:引流元件 21:內部空間 22:進料口 23、23C:出料口 24:環凸緣 25:環凹槽 30:壓力調整元件 300:壓力調整通道 301:入料區域 302:出料區域 31、31A、31B:入料孔 32:入料通道 33:中介通道 34:出料通道 35、35A、35B:出料孔 40、40C:成型元件 41:內部空間 42、42C:進料口 43:出料口 44:環凹槽 50:隔熱板 60:前端子壓力調整元件 61:入料區域 611:入料孔 62:出料區域 621:出料孔 70:末端子壓力調整元件 71:入料區域 711:入料孔 72:出料區域 721:出料孔 80:子壓力調整元件 81:入料區域 810:總入料區域 82:出料區域 820:總出料區域 90:子壓力調整元件 91:入料區域 910:總入料區域 92:出料區域 920:總出料區域10: Rectifier components 11: Internal space 12: Inlet 13: Outlet 131: Both sides 132: Mid-section 14: Ring groove 20, 20C: drainage element 21: Internal space 22: Inlet 23, 23C: discharge port 24: Ring flange 25: Ring groove 30: Pressure adjustment element 300: Pressure adjustment channel 301: Feeding area 302: Discharge area 31, 31A, 31B: feed hole 32: Feeding channel 33: Intermediary channel 34: discharge channel 35, 35A, 35B: discharge hole 40, 40C: forming components 41: Internal space 42, 42C: feed port 43: Outlet 44: ring groove 50: Insulation board 60: Front terminal pressure adjustment element 61: Feeding area 611: feed hole 62: Discharge area 621: Outlet hole 70: End sub-pressure adjustment element 71: Feeding area 711: feed hole 72: Discharge area 721: discharge hole 80: Sub-pressure adjustment element 81: Feeding area 810: Total feeding area 82: Discharge area 820: Total discharge area 90: Sub-pressure adjustment element 91: Feeding area 910: Total feeding area 92: Discharge area 920: Total discharge area

圖1為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的立體外觀圖；圖2為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的元件分解圖；圖3為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的另一視角元件分解圖；圖4為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的側視剖面圖；圖5為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的俯視剖面圖；圖6為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的另一側視剖面圖；圖7為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第一實施例端視圖；圖8為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第一實施例另一端視圖；圖9為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第一實施例俯視圖；圖10為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第二實施例的端視圖；圖11為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第二實施例的另一端視圖；圖12為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第三實施例的端視圖；圖13為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第三實施例的另一端視圖；圖14為本發明之分支料流進入成型元件後，膨脹成型之示意圖；圖15為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的第四實施例之立體分解圖；圖16為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的第四實施例之另一視角立體分解圖；圖17為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第五實施例的立體圖；圖18為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第五實施例的另一視角立體圖；圖19為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第六實施例的立體圖；圖20為本發明之押出成型設備之模頭的壓力調整元件之第六實施例的立體圖；圖21為本發明之發泡材料之押出成型方法的流程圖。Figure 1 is a perspective view of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 is an exploded view of the components of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is an exploded view of components from another perspective of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a side sectional view of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a top cross-sectional view of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 6 is another side sectional view of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 7 is an end view of the first embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 8 is another end view of the first embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 9 is a top view of the first embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 10 is an end view of the second embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 11 is another end view of the second embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 12 is an end view of the third embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 13 is another end view of the third embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the expansion molding of the branch stream of the present invention after entering the molding element; 15 is a perspective exploded view of the fourth embodiment of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 16 is another perspective exploded view of the fourth embodiment of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 17 is a perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 18 is another perspective view of the fifth embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 19 is a perspective view of the sixth embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; 20 is a perspective view of the sixth embodiment of the pressure adjusting element of the die head of the extrusion molding equipment of the present invention; Figure 21 is a flow chart of the foaming material extrusion molding method of the present invention.

10:整流元件10: Rectifier components

12:進料口12: Inlet

20:引流元件20: Drainage element

22:進料口22: Inlet

24:環凸緣24: Ring flange

30:壓力調整元件30: Pressure adjustment element

301:入料區域301: Feeding area

40:成型元件40: forming element

42:進料口42: feed port

44:環凹槽44: ring groove

50:隔熱板50: Insulation board

Claims

一種發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其包括：一整流元件，其具有一內部空間、一進料口及一出料口，該內部空間分別與該進料口及該出料口相連通，該內部空間由該進料口處自該出料口處呈截面積漸小；一壓力調整元件，其與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該壓力調整元件包含有多組壓力調整通道，各組壓力調整通道具有至少一轉折處，且各組壓力調整通道之兩端分別為一入料孔及一出料孔，所述多組壓力調整通道之入料孔呈鄰接排列設置，而排列為一入料區域，所述多組壓力調整通道之出料孔呈分散排列設置，而排列為一出料區域，該出料區域之分布面積大於該入料區域之分布面積，該入料區域與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該出料區域連接於一單一空間，使得各組壓力調整通道之出料口與該單一空間相連接。A die head of foaming material extrusion molding equipment, which includes: A rectifying element, which has an internal space, a feed port and a discharge port, the internal space is respectively communicated with the feed port and the discharge port, and the internal space is connected to the feed port from the discharge port The cross-sectional area of the mouth is gradually smaller; A pressure adjusting element is connected to the discharge port of the rectifying element. The pressure adjusting element includes a plurality of sets of pressure adjusting channels, each set of pressure adjusting channels has at least one turning point, and the two ends of each set of pressure adjusting channels are respectively It is an inlet and a discharge hole. The inlet holes of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels are arranged adjacently, and are arranged as a feeding area, and the outlet holes of the multiple sets of pressure adjustment channels are arranged in a dispersed arrangement , And arranged as a discharging area, the distribution area of the discharging area is larger than the distribution area of the feeding area, the feeding area is connected with the outlet of the rectifying element, and the discharging area is connected to a single space, The discharge ports of each group of pressure adjustment channels are connected with the single space.

如請求項1所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中各組壓力調整通道進一步包含有一入料通道及一中介通道，該入料通道與該入料孔相連通、同軸且相對齊，並具有相同截面形狀，該中介通道之兩端分別與該入料通道及該出料孔相連接，該中介通道與該入料通道及該出料孔皆不同軸，該中介通道相較於該入料通道係向外側傾斜，則該中介通道與該入料通道之連接處為所述之轉折處。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, wherein each group of pressure adjustment channels further includes an inlet channel and an intermediate channel, and the inlet channel is in communication with the inlet hole, coaxial and opposite The two ends of the intermediate channel are connected with the feed channel and the discharge hole respectively. The media channel, the feed channel and the discharge hole are all out of axis, and the intermediate channel is compared When the feeding channel is inclined to the outside, the junction between the intermediate channel and the feeding channel is the turning point.

如請求項2所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中各組壓力調整通道進一步包含有一出料通道，該出料通道與該出料孔相連通、同軸且相對齊，並具有相同截面形狀，該中介通道之兩端分別與該出料通道及該出料通道相連接，該中介通道與該出料通道不同軸，該中介通道與該出料通道之連接處為所述之轉折處。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 2, wherein each group of pressure adjustment channels further includes a discharge channel, which is in communication with the discharge hole, is coaxial and aligned with each other, and has With the same cross-sectional shape, both ends of the intermediate channel are respectively connected with the discharge channel and the discharge channel, the intermediate channel and the discharge channel are not coaxial, and the connection point between the intermediate channel and the discharge channel is said Turning point.

如請求項1所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中各組壓力調整通道進一步包含有一中介通道及一出料通道，該出料通道與該出料孔相連通、同軸且相對齊，並具有相同截面形狀，該中介通道之兩端分別與該入料孔及該出料通道相連接，該中介通道與該入料孔及該出料通道皆不同軸，則該中介通道與該出料通道之連接處為所述之轉折處。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, wherein each group of pressure adjustment channels further includes an intermediate channel and a discharge channel, and the discharge channel is in communication with the discharge hole, coaxial and opposite The two ends of the intermediate channel are connected to the feed hole and the discharge channel respectively, and the intermediate channel, the feed hole and the discharge channel are all non-axial, then the intermediate channel and The junction of the discharging channel is the turning point.

如請求項3所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該入料孔的截面積小於該出料孔的截面積，該入料通道及該出料通道的截面積係由入料端至出料端為逐漸變大。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 3, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet channel and the outlet channel are determined by the inlet From the material end to the discharge end, it becomes larger gradually.

如請求項3所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該入料孔的截面積大於該出料孔的截面積，該入料通道及該出料通道的截面積係由入料端至出料端為逐漸變小。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 3, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet hole is larger than the cross-sectional area of the outlet hole, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet channel and the outlet channel are determined by the inlet From the material end to the discharge end, it gradually becomes smaller.

如請求項1所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中所述入料孔與所述出料孔之截面形狀包含六邊形及六邊形之部份、或包含圓形、或包含四邊形。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the inlet hole and the outlet hole includes a hexagon and a part of a hexagon, or includes a circle, Or contain quadrilaterals.

如請求項1所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該整流元件之出料口的兩側部位相較於該出料口的中段部位而言具有較寬的截面，該整流元件之內部空間配合其出料口之形狀，亦在接近出料口處逐漸變化為該中間凹陷而兩側擴張的截面形狀。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, wherein the two sides of the discharge port of the rectifying element have a wider cross section than the middle part of the discharge port, and the rectifying element The internal space of the element matches the shape of the discharge port, and gradually changes into the cross-sectional shape of the middle recessed and expanded on both sides near the discharge port.

如請求項1至8中任一項所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該壓力調整元件透過一引流元件與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該引流元件包含有一內部空間、一進料口及一出料口，該引流元件之內部空間與其進料口及出料口相連通，該引流元件之進料口與該整流元件之出料口對接且相連通，且該引流元件之進料口之截面形狀對應於該整流元件之出料口的截面形狀，該引流元件之出料口與該壓力調整元件之入料區域對接且相連通。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pressure adjusting element is connected to the discharge port of the rectifying element through a drainage element, and the drainage element includes an inner Space, a feed port and a discharge port, the internal space of the drainage element is connected with its feed port and discharge port, the feed port of the drainage element and the discharge port of the rectifier element are butted and communicated, and The cross-sectional shape of the inlet of the flow guiding element corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the outlet of the rectifying element, and the outlet of the guiding element abuts and communicates with the inlet area of the pressure adjusting element.

如請求項9所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該整流元件之端面相對於該出料口的周園內凹成形有一環凹槽，該引流元件之端面相對於該進料口的周緣突設成形有一環凸緣，該引流元件之環凸緣對接於該整流元件之環凹槽中。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 9, wherein the end surface of the rectifying element is concavely formed with a ring groove relative to the circumference of the discharge port, and the end surface of the flow guiding element is relative to the inlet A ring flange is protrudingly formed on the periphery of the material opening, and the ring flange of the flow guiding element is butted in the ring groove of the rectifying element.

如請求項9所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該引流元件之端面相對於該引流元件之出料口的周緣內凹成形有一環凹槽，該壓力調整元件之一端對接於該引流元件之環凹槽中。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 9, wherein the end surface of the flow guiding element is concavely formed with a ring groove relative to the periphery of the discharge port of the flow guiding element, and one end of the pressure adjusting element is butted In the ring groove of the drainage element.

如請求項1至8中任一項所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該壓力調整元件之出料區域連接至一成型元件，該成型元件包含有一內部空間、一進料口及一出料口，該成型元件之內部空間構成所述單一空間，並與該成型元件之進料口及出料口相連通，該成型元件之進料口與該壓力調整元件之出料區域對接、且與該出料區域之各出料孔相連通。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the discharge area of the pressure adjusting element is connected to a molding element, and the molding element includes an internal space and a feed material Port and a discharge port, the internal space of the molding element constitutes the single space and communicates with the feed port and the discharge port of the molding element, the feed port of the molding element and the discharge port of the pressure adjusting element The area is butted and communicated with each discharge hole of the discharge area.

如請求項12所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該成型元件之進料口周緣內凹成形有一環凹槽，該壓力調整元件之一端對接於該成型元件之環凹槽中。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 12, wherein a ring groove is concavely formed in the periphery of the feed port of the molding element, and one end of the pressure adjusting element abuts against the ring groove of the molding element middle.

如請求項12所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其進移步包含有一隔熱板，其圍繞設置於該成型元件之進料口周緣，並圍繞設置於該壓力調整元件之出料區域周緣。As described in claim 12, the die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment includes a heat insulation board which surrounds the periphery of the feed port provided on the molding element and surrounds the pressure adjustment element The periphery of the discharge area.

如請求項1至8中任一項所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該壓力調整元件包含多個子壓力調整元件，所述壓力調整元件之多組壓力調整通道設置於各子壓力調整元件中，各子壓力調整元件呈軸向對接，其中包含最接近該整流元件的前端子壓力調整元件、及與該單一空間相連接的末端子壓力調整元件，該前端子壓力調整元件之入料區域與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該後端子壓力調整元件之出料區域與該單一空間相連接，而相鄰接之子壓力調整元件，以在前之子壓力調整元件的出料區域與在後之子壓力調整元件的入料區域相連接。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pressure adjusting element includes a plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements, and a plurality of groups of pressure adjusting channels of the pressure adjusting element are provided in each Among the sub-pressure adjusting elements, each of the sub-pressure adjusting elements is axially butted, including the front terminal pressure adjusting element closest to the rectifying element and the end sub-pressure adjusting element connected to the single space. The front terminal pressure adjusting element The feeding area is connected to the discharge port of the rectifying element, the outlet area of the rear terminal pressure adjusting element is connected to the single space, and the adjacent sub-pressure adjusting element is connected to the outlet of the preceding sub-pressure adjusting element. The feeding area is connected with the feeding area of the subsequent sub-pressure adjusting element.

如請求項1至8中任一項所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中該壓力調整元件包含多個子壓力調整元件，所述壓力調整元件之多組壓力調整通道設置於各子壓力調整元件中，各子壓力調整元件呈矩陣排列堆疊設置、或呈同心圓套接、或呈異型排列設置。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pressure adjusting element includes a plurality of sub-pressure adjusting elements, and a plurality of groups of pressure adjusting channels of the pressure adjusting element are provided in each Among the sub-pressure adjusting elements, the sub-pressure adjusting elements are arranged in a matrix arrangement and stacked, or sleeved in concentric circles, or arranged in a special-shaped arrangement.

如請求項16所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其中各子壓力調整元件之入料區域隨著各子壓力調整元件之堆疊而排列構成一總入料區域，各子壓力調整元件之出料區域隨著子壓力調整元件之堆疊而排列構成一總出料區域，該總入料區域與該整流元件之出料口相連接，該總出料區域與該單一空間相連接。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 16, wherein the feeding area of each sub-pressure adjusting element is arranged along with the stacking of the sub-pressure adjusting elements to form a total feeding area, and each sub-pressure adjusting The discharging area of the element is arranged along with the stacking of the sub-pressure adjusting elements to form a total discharging area, the total feeding area is connected with the discharging port of the rectifying element, and the total discharging area is connected with the single space.

如請求項16所述之發泡材料的押出成型設備之模頭，其包含有多個所述整流元件，其中各子壓力調整元件之入料區域連接至其中一整流元件之出料口，各子壓力調整元件之出料區域隨著子壓力調整元件之堆疊而排列構成一總出料區域，該總出料區域與該單一空間相連接。The die head of the foaming material extrusion molding equipment according to claim 16, which includes a plurality of the rectifying elements, wherein the feed area of each sub-pressure adjusting element is connected to the discharge port of one of the rectifying elements, each The discharging areas of the sub-pressure adjusting elements are arranged along with the stacking of the sub-pressure adjusting elements to form a total discharging area, and the total discharging area is connected with the single space.

一種發泡材料之押出成型方法，其包括： a. 提供一發泡材料，並構成一總料流； b. 對該總料流進行加壓； c. 將該總料流分為多個分支料流； d. 使各分支料流通過具有至少一轉折處的壓力調整通道，並於所述壓力調整通道中進行壓力調整； e. 壓力調整後之分支料流匯總為大於該總料流之分布面積的集合料流，並匯總於一成型空間中； d. 於該成型空間中，該集合料流降壓並發泡膨脹為一成品。A foaming material extrusion molding method, which includes: a. Provide a foam material and constitute a total material flow; b. Pressurize the total stream; c. Divide the total stream into multiple branch streams; d. Make each branch stream pass through a pressure adjustment channel with at least one turning point, and perform pressure adjustment in the pressure adjustment channel; e. After pressure adjustment, the branch streams are aggregated into aggregate streams larger than the distribution area of the total stream, and are aggregated in a forming space; d. In the molding space, the aggregate stream is depressurized and foamed and expanded into a finished product.

如請求項19所述之發泡材料之押出成型方法，其中於步驟d中，所述壓力調整通道之截面積由入口處至出口處漸大，使各分支料流在所述壓力調整通道中進行降壓。The foaming material extrusion molding method according to claim 19, wherein in step d, the cross-sectional area of the pressure adjustment channel gradually increases from the inlet to the outlet, so that each branch flow is in the pressure adjustment channel Perform a depressurization.

如請求項19所述之發泡材料之押出成型方法，其中於步驟d中，所述壓力調整通道之截面積由小漸大、再由大漸小、最後再由小漸大，而使各分支料流在所述壓力調整通道中進行降壓、加壓及降壓的過程。The foaming material extrusion molding method according to claim 19, wherein in step d, the cross-sectional area of the pressure adjusting channel is increased from small to large, then from large to small, and finally from small to large, so that each The branch stream undergoes a process of pressure reduction, pressure increase, and pressure reduction in the pressure adjustment channel.

如請求項19所述之發泡材料之押出成型方法，其中於步驟d中，所述壓力調整通道之截面積由入口處至出口處漸小，使各分支料流在所述壓力調整通道中進行加壓。The foaming material extrusion molding method according to claim 19, wherein in step d, the cross-sectional area of the pressure adjustment channel gradually decreases from the inlet to the outlet, so that each branch flow is in the pressure adjustment channel Pressurize.

如請求項19至22中任一項所述之發泡材料之押出成型方法，其中於步驟d中，各分支料流係通過多段所述壓力調整通道。The foaming material extrusion molding method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein in step d, each branch stream passes through multiple stages of the pressure adjustment passage.

如請求項19至22中任一項所述之發泡材料之押出成型方法，其中於步驟b中，該總料流係通過截面積逐漸變小之空間，而進行加壓。The foaming material extrusion molding method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein in step b, the total material flow is pressurized through a space with a gradually smaller cross-sectional area.