TW202129351A

TW202129351A - Projector and projection method

Info

Publication number: TW202129351A
Application number: TW109101901A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 陳瑞麟
Original assignee: 宏碁股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-01-20
Filing date: 2020-01-20
Publication date: 2021-08-01

Abstract

The invention provides a projector, including a first ambient light sensor, measuring a projection color information projected by the projector on a projection screen; a second ambient light sensor, measuring an ambient brightness of an environment in which the projector is located, and generating an environment parameter matrix; and a controller, coupled to the first ambient light sensor and the second ambient light sensor, running a program to execute the following steps: preforming matrix operation on the projection color information and a determined target color information, to calculate a conversion matrix; preforming matrix operation on the conversion matrix and an input color information of an image to be projected by the projector, to calculate an output color information; and preforming matrix operation on a determined correction matrix, the output color information, and the environment parameter matrix, to calculate a correction color information.

Description

投影機以及投影方法Projector and projection method

本發明是關於一種顯示裝置以及顯示方法，特別是關於一種投影機以及投影方法。The present invention relates to a display device and a display method, in particular to a projector and a projection method.

近年來，影像色彩精準度的調校技術，已普遍應用於手機、桌上型電腦、筆記型電腦的螢幕上。為了滿足對色彩品質較要求的使用者以及色彩藝術相關工作者，色彩精準度的調校是必須的。以上提到的顯示裝置由於已經具備顯示面板，因此內部能夠直接用儀器在面板上量測像素的亮度值並進行校色，使得面板得以呈現出影像原本的顏色。In recent years, image color accuracy adjustment technology has been widely used on the screens of mobile phones, desktop computers, and notebook computers. In order to satisfy users and color art-related workers who have more requirements for color quality, color accuracy adjustment is necessary. Since the above-mentioned display device already has a display panel, it is possible to directly measure the brightness value of the pixel on the panel with an instrument and perform color calibration, so that the panel can present the original color of the image.

然而，投影機所投影的環境受到環境燈光、投影距離、投影幕品質等因素影響，因此尚未有相關的校色技術應用於投影機。除此之外，現有的投影機亮度非常高。在灰暗環境下，這樣的亮度可能會使得人眼感到刺激、疲倦。However, the environment projected by the projector is affected by factors such as ambient light, projection distance, and quality of the projection screen. Therefore, no relevant color correction technology has been applied to the projector. In addition, the existing projectors have very high brightness. In a dark environment, such brightness may make human eyes feel irritated and tired.

因此，需要一種投影機以及投影方法，以解決先前技術所存在的問題。Therefore, there is a need for a projector and a projection method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

本發明其中之一的目的，在於讓使用者使用投影機時，也可以進行校色；另外，當投影環境較灰暗的時候，也能夠減低人眼的不適感。One of the objectives of the present invention is to allow the user to perform color correction when using the projector; in addition, when the projection environment is darker, it can also reduce the discomfort of the human eyes.

鑒於本發明的上述目的，本發明提供了一種投影機，包含：一第一感光元件，量測該投影機投射於一投影幕的一投影色彩資訊；一第二感光元件，量測該投影機所在環境的一環境亮度，並產生一環境參數矩陣；以及一控制器，耦接該第一感光元件以及該第二感光元件，執行一程式以運行下列步驟：將該投影色彩資訊以及已設定的一目標色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一轉換矩陣；將該轉換矩陣以及該投影機所要投射之影像的一輸入色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一輸出色彩資訊；以及將已設定的一校正矩陣、該輸出色彩資訊、以及該環境參數矩陣進行矩陣運算，以算出一校正色彩資訊。In view of the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention provides a projector including: a first photosensitive element for measuring a projection color information projected by the projector on a projection screen; a second photosensitive element for measuring the projector An environment brightness of the environment and generate an environment parameter matrix; and a controller, coupled to the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element, and executes a program to run the following steps: the projected color information and the set Perform a matrix operation on a target color information to calculate a conversion matrix; perform a matrix operation on the conversion matrix and an input color information of the image to be projected by the projector to calculate an output color information; and set a calibration matrix , The output color information and the environment parameter matrix perform matrix operations to calculate a correction color information.

某些實施例中，該投影機更包含：一第三感光元件，耦接該控制器，量測一使用者的一眨眼頻率；該控制器基於該環境亮度以及該眨眼頻率，調整該投影機的一投影亮度，並調整該校正矩陣的一藍色係數。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率小於一臨界值時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值，並將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度大於等於200尼特時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的90%。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度在30尼特以上、未滿200尼特時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的60%。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度未滿30尼特時，該控制器將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度的80%。某些實施例中，該臨界值為該投影機開機後1分鐘內，該使用者的眨眼次數加上20次。In some embodiments, the projector further includes: a third photosensitive element coupled to the controller to measure a blinking frequency of a user; the controller adjusts the projector based on the ambient brightness and the blinking frequency A projection brightness of, and adjust a blue coefficient of the correction matrix. In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is less than a critical value, the controller adjusts the blue coefficient to a preset value, and adjusts the projection brightness to a preset projection brightness. In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value and the ambient brightness is greater than or equal to 200 nits, the controller adjusts the blue coefficient to 90% of a preset value. In some embodiments, when the blink frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the ambient brightness is above 30 nits but less than 200 nits, the controller adjusts the blue factor to 60% of a preset value . In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value and the ambient brightness is less than 30 nits, the controller adjusts the projection brightness to 80% of a preset projection brightness. In some embodiments, the threshold value is the number of blinks of the user plus 20 times within 1 minute after the projector is turned on.

鑒於本發明的上述目的，本發明還提供了一種投影方法，包含：量測一投影機投射於一投影幕的一投影色彩資訊；量測該投影機所在環境的一環境亮度，並產生一環境參數矩陣；將該投影色彩資訊以及已設定的一目標色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一轉換矩陣；將該轉換矩陣以及該投影機所要投射之影像的一輸入色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一輸出色彩資訊；以及將已設定的一校正矩陣、該輸出色彩資訊、以及該環境參數矩陣進行矩陣運算，以算出一校正色彩資訊。In view of the above objective of the present invention, the present invention also provides a projection method, including: measuring a projection color information projected by a projector on a projection screen; measuring an environment brightness of the environment where the projector is located, and generating an environment Parameter matrix; matrix operation of the projection color information and a set target color information to calculate a conversion matrix; matrix operation of the conversion matrix and an input color information of the image to be projected by the projector to calculate a Output color information; and perform a matrix operation on a set calibration matrix, the output color information, and the environment parameter matrix to calculate a calibration color information.

某些實施例中，該投影方法更包含：量測一使用者的一眨眼頻率；以及基於該環境亮度以及該眨眼頻率，調整該投影機的一投影亮度，並調整該校正矩陣的一藍色係數。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率小於一臨界值時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值，並將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度大於等於200尼特時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的90%。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度在30尼特以上、未滿200尼特時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的60%。某些實施例中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度未滿30尼特時，將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度的80%。某些實施例中，該臨界值為該投影機開機後1分鐘內，該使用者的眨眼次數加上20次。In some embodiments, the projection method further includes: measuring a blinking frequency of a user; and adjusting a projection brightness of the projector based on the ambient brightness and the blinking frequency, and adjusting a blue color of the correction matrix coefficient. In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is less than a critical value, the blue coefficient is adjusted to a preset value, and the projection brightness is adjusted to a preset projection brightness. In some embodiments, when the blink frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value and the ambient brightness is greater than or equal to 200 nits, the blue factor is adjusted to 90% of a preset value. In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the ambient brightness is above 30 nits but less than 200 nits, the blue coefficient is adjusted to 60% of a preset value. In some embodiments, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value and the ambient brightness is less than 30 nits, the projection brightness is adjusted to 80% of a preset projection brightness. In some embodiments, the threshold value is the number of blinks of the user plus 20 times within 1 minute after the projector is turned on.

藉由本發明，當使用者使用投影機時，就可以先進行校色，再將校色後的顏色投射於投影幕上；另外，當投影環境較灰暗的時候，也能夠減低人眼的不適感。By means of the present invention, when the user uses the projector, he can perform color correction first, and then project the corrected color on the projection screen; in addition, when the projection environment is darker, it can also reduce the discomfort of the human eye .

第1圖為本發明的投影機10的硬體架構圖。如第1圖所示，投影機10包含：第一感光元件11、第二感光元件12、第三感光元件13、以及控制器14，耦接第一感光元件11、第二感光元件12、以及第三感光元件13。Figure 1 is a hardware architecture diagram of the projector 10 of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the projector 10 includes: a first photosensitive element 11, a second photosensitive element 12, a third photosensitive element 13, and a controller 14, coupled to the first photosensitive element 11, the second photosensitive element 12, and The third photosensitive element 13.

某些實施例中，第一感光元件11與第二感光元件12皆為一種環境光感測器(Ambient Light Sensor, ALS)。其中，第一感光元件11設置的方向為朝向投影幕，用來量測投影機10投射於投影幕的投影色彩資訊；而第二感光元件12設置的方向則垂直於第一感光元件11，用來量測投影機所在環境的環境亮度，並產生環境參數矩陣。舉例來說，若投影機10為地面投影機，則第二感光元件12可以設置於投影機10的頂部；若投影機10為懸掛式投影機，則第二感光元件12可以設置於投影機10的底部。In some embodiments, the first photosensitive element 11 and the second photosensitive element 12 are both an ambient light sensor (ALS). Wherein, the first photosensitive element 11 is arranged in a direction toward the projection screen, which is used to measure the projection color information projected by the projector 10 on the projection screen; and the second photosensitive element 12 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first photosensitive element 11, To measure the environmental brightness of the environment where the projector is located, and generate an environmental parameter matrix. For example, if the projector 10 is a floor projector, the second photosensitive element 12 may be arranged on the top of the projector 10; if the projector 10 is a suspended projector, the second photosensitive element 12 may be arranged on the projector 10. bottom of.

某些實施例中，第三感光元件13為一種紅外線攝影機(Infrared Camera)，用來量測投影機使用者的眨眼頻率。在一般的情況下，使用者會選擇座在投影機10的後方，以避免被投影燈的光線直射。因此，可以將第三感光元件13設置於投影機10的後方，以方便量測使用者的眨眼頻率。要注意的是，上述第一感光元件11、第二感光元件12、以及第三感光元件13的設置方式僅為其中一種實施例，在可以順利量測所需資訊的前提下，並沒有嚴格限制於上述位置。In some embodiments, the third photosensitive element 13 is an infrared camera, which is used to measure the blinking frequency of the user of the projector. Under normal circumstances, the user will choose to sit behind the projector 10 to avoid being directly exposed to the light of the projection lamp. Therefore, the third photosensitive element 13 can be arranged behind the projector 10 to facilitate the measurement of the blinking frequency of the user. It should be noted that the above-mentioned arrangement of the first photosensitive element 11, the second photosensitive element 12, and the third photosensitive element 13 is only one of the embodiments, and there is no strict limitation on the premise that the required information can be measured smoothly. In the above position.

某些實施例中，控制器14可以是一種微控制器(Microcontroller)，耦接第一感光元件11、第二感光元件12、以及第三感光元件13。控制器14可以藉由執行儲存於記憶體的程式，接收包含投影色彩資訊、環境亮度、環境參數矩陣、以及眨眼頻率在內的各種資訊，並對該等資訊進行各種數學/邏輯運算。另外，控制器14還同時耦接如第1圖右側所示的投影電路15。控制器14將投影機10的內部參數以及各種數學/邏輯運算的結果傳送至投影電路15，以控制投影電路15當中包含如液晶顯示面板以及投影燈(未圖示)等元件之運作，藉以調整投影機10的投影亮度。關於投影色彩資訊以及環境參數矩陣的具體內容，將於後面詳細說明。In some embodiments, the controller 14 may be a microcontroller (Microcontroller), which is coupled to the first photosensitive element 11, the second photosensitive element 12, and the third photosensitive element 13. The controller 14 can receive various information including projection color information, environmental brightness, environmental parameter matrix, and blink frequency by executing programs stored in the memory, and perform various mathematical/logical operations on the information. In addition, the controller 14 is also coupled to the projection circuit 15 shown on the right side of FIG. 1 at the same time. The controller 14 transmits the internal parameters of the projector 10 and the results of various mathematical/logical operations to the projection circuit 15 to control the operation of the projection circuit 15 including components such as a liquid crystal display panel and a projection lamp (not shown), so as to adjust The projection brightness of the projector 10. The specific content of the projection color information and the environmental parameter matrix will be described in detail later.

接著，針對由第一感光元件11、第二感光元件12、第三感光元件13、以及控制器14實行本發明的投影方法，搭配圖式第2(A)~2(B)圖詳細說明。第2(A)~2(B)圖為本發明的投影方法的流程圖，在第2(A)~2(B)圖中包含的各項步驟，分別標示為S200~S213。Next, the projection method of the present invention implemented by the first photosensitive element 11, the second photosensitive element 12, the third photosensitive element 13, and the controller 14 will be described in detail in conjunction with FIGS. 2(A) to 2(B) of the drawings. Figures 2(A)~2(B) are flowcharts of the projection method of the present invention, and the steps included in Figures 2(A)~2(B) are respectively marked as S200~S213.

當投影機開機之後(步驟S200)，設置於投影機10後方的第三感光元件13就開始持續量測使用者的眨眼頻率(步驟S201)。具體來說，第三感光元件13是以分鐘為單位，記錄使用者每一分鐘的眨眼次數，並將眨眼頻率的數據傳送給控制器14。控制器14從第三感光元件13接收並儲存使用者的眨眼頻率之後，會將使用者在投影機10開機後1分鐘內的眨眼次數加上20次作為一個臨界值。關於臨界值的運用方式，將於後面詳細說明。After the projector is turned on (step S200), the third photosensitive element 13 arranged at the rear of the projector 10 starts to continuously measure the blinking frequency of the user (step S201). Specifically, the third photosensitive element 13 uses a minute as a unit, records the number of blinks of the user per minute, and transmits data on the blink frequency to the controller 14. After the controller 14 receives and stores the user's blinking frequency from the third photosensitive element 13, it will add 20 times to the user's blinking frequency within 1 minute after the projector 10 is turned on as a threshold. The application of the threshold will be described in detail later.

另外，雖然在本實施例中，是以使用者在投影機10開機後1分鐘內的眨眼次數加上20次作為臨界值，然而，臨界值的設定方式並不限定於此。依據投影幕面積、投影空間大小、以及使用者人數等不同環境，可以事先於控制器14手動調整臨界值的設定方式，舉例來說：可以將使用者在投影機10開機後1分鐘內的眨眼次數，改成加上15次或是25次作為臨界值。In addition, although in this embodiment, the number of blinks of the user within 1 minute after the projector 10 is turned on plus 20 times is used as the threshold value, however, the method of setting the threshold value is not limited to this. According to different environments such as the area of the projection screen, the size of the projection space, and the number of users, the controller 14 can manually adjust the setting of the threshold value in advance. For example, the user can blink within 1 minute after the projector 10 is turned on. For the number of times, add 15 times or 25 times as the critical value.

接著，在投影機開機之後，設置於投影機10上方(或下方)的第二感光元件12，會持續量測投影機10所在環境的環境亮度，並同時產生環境參數矩陣(步驟S202)。其中，環境亮度的單位以尼特(nit，即cd/m² )表示；而環境參數矩陣可以表示成1行3列的矩陣，如以下數學式1所示：Then, after the projector is turned on, the second photosensitive element 12 disposed above (or below) the projector 10 continuously measures the environmental brightness of the environment where the projector 10 is located, and generates an environmental parameter matrix at the same time (step S202). Among them, the unit of environmental brightness is ^{expressed in nits (that is, cd/m 2} ); and the environmental parameter matrix can be expressed as a matrix with 1 row and 3 columns, as shown in the following mathematical formula 1:

(數學式1)

(Math 1)

其中，環境參數矩陣的3個元素

、

、

分別為環境光源在紅色、綠色、以及藍色分量的補償量，且每個值的範圍皆為0~255。Among them, the 3 elements of the environmental parameter matrix

,

They are the compensation amounts of the ambient light source in the red, green, and blue components, and the range of each value is 0~255.

接著，設置於投影機10前方的第一感光元件11，會開始量測投射於投影幕的投影色彩資訊(步驟S203)。由於投影機投射在投影幕的影像，會受到環境燈光、投影距離、以及投影幕品質等因素影響，使得投影幕的影像所呈現的顏色產生偏差，不一定與原始影像真正的顏色相同。舉例來說：原始影像某個像素的顏色為最亮的綠色(0, 255, 0)，但該像素在投影幕相對位置的顏色可能偏差為(3, 254, 1)。因此，必須先針對投影幕上的某些顏色進行量測，才能得知投影後所呈現的顏色為何。Next, the first photosensitive element 11 disposed in front of the projector 10 starts to measure the projection color information projected on the projection screen (step S203). Because the image projected by the projector on the projection screen is affected by factors such as ambient lighting, projection distance, and projection screen quality, the color of the image on the projection screen will deviate, which may not necessarily be the same as the true color of the original image. For example: the color of a pixel of the original image is the brightest green (0, 255, 0), but the color of the pixel in the relative position of the projection screen may deviate to (3, 254, 1). Therefore, it is necessary to measure certain colors on the projection screen before knowing the color displayed after projection.

其中一種量測方式，就是由控制器14先在投影幕上分別投射出一次最亮的紅色、綠色、藍色、以及白色，接著再由第一感光元件11分別量測並記錄該顏色的XYZ色座標。利用上述方式量測到包含上述4種顏色的XYZ色座標，統稱為投影色彩資訊，如以下數學式2所示的4行4列矩陣：One of the measurement methods is that the controller 14 projects the brightest red, green, blue, and white colors on the projection screen, and then the first photosensitive element 11 measures and records the XYZ of the color. Color coordinates. The XYZ color coordinates including the above 4 colors measured by the above method are collectively referred to as projected color information, which is a 4-row 4-column matrix shown in the following mathematical formula 2:

(數學式2)

(Math 2)

其中，第1列的(

,

,

)為投影機10投射最亮的紅色時的量測值，第2列的(

,

,

)為投影機10投射最亮的綠色時的量測值，第3列的(

,

,

)為投影機10投射最亮的藍色時的量測值，第4列的(

,

,

)為投影機10投射最亮的白色時的量測值。另外，投影色彩資訊第1行的4個常數為一個補償值，在一般情況下會設定為1。要注意的是，上述4種顏色的量測順序僅為範例之一，實際量測時並沒有特別的順序限制。Among them, the first column (

,

) Is the measured value when projector 10 is projecting the brightest red, the second column (

,

) Is the measured value when the projector 10 is projecting the brightest green, the (

,

) Is the measured value when the projector 10 projects the brightest blue, the (

,

) Is the measured value when the projector 10 projects the brightest white. In addition, the four constants in the first line of the projection color information are a compensation value, which is generally set to 1. It should be noted that the measurement sequence of the above 4 colors is only one example, and there is no special sequence restriction during actual measurement.

控制器14會將第一感光元件11量測到的投影色彩資訊，與目標色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出轉換矩陣(步驟S204)。其中，上述目標色彩資訊可以表示為如次頁數學式3所示的3行4列矩陣：The controller 14 performs matrix calculation on the projection color information measured by the first photosensitive element 11 and the target color information to calculate a conversion matrix (step S204). Among them, the above-mentioned target color information can be expressed as a matrix with 3 rows and 4 columns as shown in Mathematical Formula 3 on the next page:

(數學式3)

(Math 3)

要留意的是，數學式3的目標色彩資訊，指的是使用者對於4種顏色在投影幕希望呈現出的XYZ色座標，因此必須於控制器14事先設定好。在以上數學式3當中，每一橫列的XYZ由上至下分別代表最亮的紅色、綠色、藍色、以及白色在投影幕期望呈現的XYZ色座標。舉例來說，如果使用者希望投影幕上呈現出最亮的白色之XYZ座標分別為(0.313, 0.329, 0.358)，則必須將(

,

,

)的值分別代入(0.313, 0.329, 0.358)。It should be noted that the target color information in Mathematical Formula 3 refers to the XYZ color coordinates that the user wants to present on the projection screen for the four colors, and therefore must be set in the controller 14 in advance. In the above formula 3, the XYZ of each row represents the XYZ color coordinates of the brightest red, green, blue, and white color expected to appear on the projection screen from top to bottom. For example, if the user wants the XYZ coordinates of the brightest white on the projection screen to be (0.313, 0.329, 0.358), they must change (

,

Substitute the values of) into (0.313, 0.329, 0.358).

接著，投影色彩資訊與目標色彩資訊之間具有以下數學式4~6所示的關係：Then, the relationship between the projection color information and the target color information is shown in the following mathematical formulas 4-6:

(數學式4)

(Math 4)

(數學式5)

(Math 5)

(數學式6)

(Math 6)

從以上數學式4~6當中可以清楚得知，等號左邊的投影色彩資訊皆相同；而等號右邊的目標色彩資訊由於已經事先設定好，因此對控制器14來說可以視為已知資訊。對於數學式4~6任何一式求解中間的1行4列矩陣，即為求解四元一次聯立方程式之過程。由於投影色彩資訊為4行4列的方陣矩陣，其反矩陣存在，因此控制器14可以先算出投影色彩資訊的反矩陣之後，再分別乘以等號右邊的1行4列矩陣，即可算出

~

共12個元素的值，並將12個元素排列成以下數學式7所示的4行3列矩陣，稱為轉換矩陣：From the above equations 4-6, it is clear that the projection color information on the left side of the equal sign is the same; and the target color information on the right side of the equal sign has been set in advance, so it can be regarded as known information for the controller 14 . For any one of mathematical formulas 4 to 6, solving the middle matrix with 1 row and 4 columns is the process of solving the quadratic simultaneous equations. Since the projection color information is a square matrix with 4 rows and 4 columns, and its inverse matrix exists, the controller 14 can first calculate the inverse matrix of the projection color information, and then multiply it by the matrix of 1 row and 4 columns on the right side of the equal sign to calculate it.

~

The value of a total of 12 elements, and the 12 elements are arranged into a matrix of 4 rows and 3 columns shown in the following mathematical formula 7, which is called the conversion matrix:

(數學式7)

(Math 7)

控制器14算出轉換矩陣之後，投影機10所要投射之影像的每個像素，其輸入色彩資訊都必須藉由上述數學式7所示的轉換矩陣進行轉換後，才能計算出每個像素校色後的輸出色彩資訊(步驟S205)。具體而言，轉換矩陣、輸入色彩資訊、以及輸出色彩資訊之間具有以下數學式8所示的關係：After the controller 14 calculates the conversion matrix, the input color information of each pixel of the image to be projected by the projector 10 must be converted by the conversion matrix shown in the above formula 7 to calculate the color correction of each pixel. Output color information (step S205). Specifically, the conversion matrix, the input color information, and the output color information have the relationship shown in the following equation 8:

(數學式8)

(Math 8)

其中，

、

、

、

為影像的輸入色彩資訊在紅色、綠色、藍色、以及白色(亮度)的分量，

、

、

為校色後的輸出色彩資訊在紅色、綠色、藍色的分量，且上述7個值的範圍皆為0~255。另外，就算投影機10所要投射之影像的每個像素只儲存了

、

的值，但是

(亮度)仍然可以利用以下數學式9算出，故4個元素

、

皆可視為已知資訊。in,

,

The input color information for the image is the red, green, blue, and white (brightness) components,

,

The output color information after color correction is in the red, green, and blue components, and the range of the above 7 values is 0~255. In addition, even if each pixel of the image to be projected by the projector 10 only stores

,

Value, but

(Brightness) can still be calculated using the following mathematical formula 9, so 4 elements

,

All can be regarded as known information.

(數學式9)

(Math 9)

綜上所述，由於轉換矩陣已經於步驟S204算出，且輸入色彩資訊的4個元素皆為已知，因此控制器14可以利用數學式8算出每個像素的輸出色彩資訊

、

。至此，從步驟S203到步驟S205的校色階段已經完成。In summary, since the conversion matrix has been calculated in step S204 and the four elements of the input color information are all known, the controller 14 can use Mathematical formula 8 to calculate the output color information of each pixel

,

. So far, the color correction phase from step S203 to step S205 has been completed.

接著，校色完成後的輸出色彩資訊

、

，還會再藉由校正矩陣以及環境參數矩陣進行一次矩陣運算，才會算出影像當中每個像素的校正色彩資訊(步驟S206)。具體來說，控制器14會將校正矩陣、輸出色彩資訊以及環境參數矩陣，利用以下數學式10所示之規則，以算出校正色彩資訊：Then, the output color information after the color correction is completed

,

, A matrix operation is performed by the calibration matrix and the environment parameter matrix to calculate the calibration color information of each pixel in the image (step S206). Specifically, the controller 14 will calculate the correction color information by using the rules shown in the following formula 10 for the correction matrix, the output color information, and the environment parameter matrix:

(數學式10)

(Math 10)

其中，由9個元素

~

所構成的3行3列方陣矩陣為校正矩陣；

、

為輸出色彩資訊，是在步驟S205由控制器14所算出；

、

為環境參數矩陣，是在步驟S202由第二感光元件12所產生；而等號右邊的

、

、

則為校正色彩資訊，換言之，是投影機10最後從投影燈實際投射出的顏色。Among them, there are 9 elements

~

The formed square matrix with 3 rows and 3 columns is the correction matrix;

,

To output color information, it is calculated by the controller 14 in step S205;

,

Is the environment parameter matrix, which is generated by the second photosensitive element 12 in step S202; and the right side of the equal sign

,

It is the corrected color information, in other words, it is the last color actually projected by the projector 10 from the projection lamp.

校正矩陣當中的每個元素

~

，其值的範圍皆為-1~1。其主要功能是用來將輸出色彩資訊

、

進行微調，在控制器14於後續調整投影機的投影亮度時，降低人眼對於顏色的刺激以及敏銳度。因此，雖然每個元素的範圍理論上可介於-1~1，但一般在實際運用上，位於主對角線(左上-右下)的3個元素

、

、以及

，都會設定成非常近似於1、但略小於1的值，例如：0.9999或0.9998；而其餘的6個元素則會設定成非常近似於0、但略大於0的值，例如只有0.0001或0.0002。Each element in the correction matrix

~

, The value range is -1~1. Its main function is to output color information

,

The fine adjustment is performed to reduce the color stimulation and sensitivity of the human eye when the controller 14 subsequently adjusts the projection brightness of the projector. Therefore, although the range of each element can theoretically range from -1 to 1, but generally in practical applications, the three elements located on the main diagonal (upper left-lower right)

,

,as well as

, Will be set to a value very close to 1, but slightly less than 1, for example: 0.9999 or 0.9998; and the remaining 6 elements will be set to a value very close to 0 but slightly greater than 0, for example, only 0.0001 or 0.0002.

從上述說明中，我們可以觀察到一件事情：當校正矩陣與輸出色彩資訊進行矩陣乘法運算時，由於

、

的值非常接近1，因此

受到

以及

的影響較大；同理，

受到

以及

的影響較大；而

受到

以及

的影響較大。而環境參數矩陣的3個元素僅用於補償些許部分的環境光源，一般來說值比較小，對於校正色彩資訊的影響並不大。因此，只要調整校正矩陣當中的

、

，就會分別造成

、

較大的變動量。換言之，我們可以把校正矩陣當中的

稱為紅色係數；

稱為綠色係數；而

稱為藍色係數。From the above description, we can observe one thing: when the correction matrix and the output color information are matrix multiplied, because

,

Is very close to 1, so

Suffer

as well as

Has a greater impact; the same goes for

Suffer

as well as

Has a greater impact; and

Suffer

as well as

The impact is greater. The three elements of the environmental parameter matrix are only used to compensate a small part of the environmental light source. Generally speaking, the value is relatively small and has little effect on the correction of color information. Therefore, just adjust the

,

, Will cause

,

A large amount of change. In other words, we can take the correction matrix

Called the red factor;

Called the green factor; and

It is called the blue factor.

一般來說，對於任何3C產品或是其他顯示裝置，由於藍色光所發出的能量相較於紅色光以及綠色光還較強，因此對於人眼的刺激相對比較強烈，這種情況在投影室或電影院等環境光源較暗的環境會更加顯著。因此，當3C產品開啟如濾藍光等護眼技術時，多半只會過濾藍光(降低藍色分量)，而不會特別改變紅色或綠色分量的值。此方法對應到數學式10當中的校正矩陣，即為降低校正矩陣當中藍色係數

的值，而不會特別改變紅色係數

與綠色係數

的值。Generally speaking, for any 3C product or other display device, since the energy emitted by blue light is stronger than that of red light and green light, the stimulation to human eyes is relatively strong. This is the case in the projection room or Environments with darker ambient light sources such as movie theaters will be more pronounced. Therefore, when 3C products turn on eye protection technologies such as blue light filtering, most of them will only filter blue light (reduce the blue component), and will not particularly change the value of the red or green component. This method corresponds to the correction matrix in Equation 10, which is to reduce the blue coefficient in the correction matrix

Without changing the red factor

And green factor

Value.

這裡有一點必須特別留意：上述校正矩陣當中

~

的值，必須要由使用者在控制器14事先設定好後，才能進行數學式10後續的運算。另外，投影機10的型號、投影空間的大小、甚至是投影幕的面積與材質等外在因素，都有可能影響

~

給值的方式。因此，上述主對角線的紅色、綠色、藍色係數的取值方式僅為一種範例，實際運用時並未限定於此範例。There is one point that must be paid special attention to: in the above correction matrix

~

The value of must be pre-set by the user in the controller 14 before the subsequent operations of the mathematical formula 10 can be performed. In addition, external factors such as the model of the projector 10, the size of the projection space, and even the area and material of the projection screen may affect

~

The way to give the value. Therefore, the value method of the red, green, and blue coefficients of the main diagonal is only an example, and the actual application is not limited to this example.

接著，控制器14會根據第二感光元件12量測之環境亮度、以及第三感光元件13量測之使用者的眨眼頻率，調整投影機10的投影亮度，並調整數學式10當中校正矩陣的藍色係數

(步驟S207~S213)。Then, the controller 14 adjusts the projection brightness of the projector 10 according to the ambient brightness measured by the second photosensitive element 12 and the blinking frequency of the user measured by the third photosensitive element 13, and adjusts the correction matrix in Equation 10 Blue factor

(Steps S207 to S213).

在本發明的其中一種實施例中，如第2(A)~2(B)圖所示，每次判定環境亮度與使用者的眨眼頻率的間隔為1分鐘，這過程到投影機10關機之前都會持續進行。以下會以間隔為1分鐘舉例，分別說明4種情況下控制器14調整投影亮度或藍色係數

的方式。為了方便以下說明，我們將藍色係數

的預設值標示為

。In one of the embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2(A)~2(B), the interval between determining the ambient brightness and the user’s blinking frequency is 1 minute each time, and this process is until the projector 10 shuts down. It will continue. The following will take the interval of 1 minute as an example to illustrate the four situations in which the controller 14 adjusts the projection brightness or blue coefficient.

The way. In order to facilitate the following description, we set the blue factor

The default value is marked as

.

(情況1) 當控制器14判定第三感光元件13所量測到使用者的眨眼頻率小於臨界值時(步驟S207為否)，控制器14將藍色係數

調整為預設值

，並將投影機10的投影亮度調整為預設投影亮度(步驟S208)。如先前的說明，該臨界值可以設定為投影機10開機後的1分鐘內，第三感光元件13所量測到使用者的眨眼次數加上20次。此情況下，由於校正矩陣的藍色係數

的值已經被調整為

，因此投影機10最後實際投射出的校正色彩資訊

、

，會根據以下數學式11來算出：(Case 1) When the controller 14 determines that the blinking frequency of the user measured by the third photosensitive element 13 is less than the critical value (No in step S207), the controller 14 sets the blue coefficient

Adjust to the default value

, And adjust the projection brightness of the projector 10 to the preset projection brightness (step S208). As described above, the threshold can be set as the number of blinks of the user measured by the third photosensitive element 13 plus 20 times within 1 minute after the projector 10 is turned on. In this case, due to the blue coefficient of the correction matrix

Has been adjusted to

, So the final correction color information actually projected by the projector 10

,

, Will be calculated according to the following mathematical formula 11:

(數學式11)

(Math 11)

(情況2) 當控制器14判定使用者的眨眼頻率大於等於臨界值(步驟S207為是)，且第二感光元件12所量測到的環境亮度大於等於200尼特時(步驟S209為否)，控制器14將藍色係數

的值調整為預設值

的90%(步驟S210)，也就是調整為

。此處要注意的是，由於人眼對於藍色係數

的調整過程較為敏感，因此在實際運用時，一般會採取每5秒鐘減少

的方式完成。換言之，當控制器14調整藍色係數

的值時，實際上是分2次調整才完成。當控制器14調整好藍色係數

之後，校正色彩資訊

、

的計算方式變成以下數學式12所示：(Case 2) When the controller 14 determines that the user's blinking frequency is greater than or equal to the critical value (Yes in step S207), and the ambient brightness measured by the second photosensitive element 12 is greater than or equal to 200 nits (No in step S209) , The controller 14 sets the blue coefficient

Adjusted to the default value

90% (step S210), which is adjusted to

. It should be noted here that since the human eye has a blue coefficient

The adjustment process is more sensitive, so in actual use, it will generally reduce every 5 seconds.

Way to complete. In other words, when the controller 14 adjusts the blue coefficient

When the value of is actually completed in 2 adjustments. When the controller 14 adjusts the blue factor

After that, correct the color information

,

The calculation method becomes the following mathematical formula 12:

(數學式12)

(Math 12)

(情況3) 當控制器14判定眨眼頻率大於等於臨界值(步驟S207為是)，且環境亮度在30尼特以上、未滿200尼特時(步驟S209為是，且步驟S211為否)，控制器14將藍色係數

的值調整為預設值

的60%(步驟S212)。由於每5秒鐘只會減少

，因此在這1分鐘內，控制器14會分8次調整藍色係數

的值。調整後，校正色彩資訊

、

的計算方式變成以下數學式13所示：(Case 3) When the controller 14 determines that the blink frequency is greater than or equal to the critical value (YES in step S207), and the ambient brightness is above 30 nits but less than 200 nits (YES in step S209, and NO in step S211), The controller 14 sets the blue factor

Adjusted to the default value

60% (step S212). Since it will only decrease every 5 seconds

, So in this 1 minute, the controller 14 will adjust the blue coefficient in 8 times

Value. After adjustment, correct color information

,

The calculation method becomes as shown in the following mathematical formula 13:

(數學式13)

(Math 13)

(情況4) 當控制器14判定眨眼頻率大於等於臨界值(步驟S207為是)，且環境亮度未滿30尼特時(步驟S209為是，且步驟S211為是)，表示此投影環境為全黑環境。考慮到控制器14若調整藍色係數

過多，則人眼會十分容易察覺。因此，控制器14僅將投影亮度調整為預設投影亮度的80%(步驟S213)，而藍色係數

則維持前一次調整後的值，控制器14會根據前一次調整後的校正矩陣算出校正色彩資訊

、

。(Case 4) When the controller 14 determines that the blink frequency is greater than or equal to the critical value (Yes in step S207) and the ambient brightness is less than 30 nits (Yes in step S209 and Yes in step S211), it means that the projection environment is full Dark environment. Considering that if the controller 14 adjusts the blue coefficient

Too much, the human eye will be very easy to detect. Therefore, the controller 14 only adjusts the projection brightness to 80% of the preset projection brightness (step S213), and the blue coefficient

The value after the previous adjustment is maintained, and the controller 14 will calculate the corrected color information according to the correction matrix after the previous adjustment.

,

.

綜上說明，基於本發明的投影機10以及投影方法，可以在步驟S203~S205先進行校色，之後再將校正色彩資訊投射於投影幕上，因此，對於色彩品質較要求的使用者以及色彩藝術相關工作者而言，可以獲取較佳的色彩品質。In summary, based on the projector 10 and the projection method of the present invention, the color correction can be performed in steps S203~S205, and then the correction color information is projected on the projection screen. Therefore, for users who require more color quality and color For art-related workers, better color quality can be obtained.

另外，當投影機10校色完成後，由於控制器14會根據當下的使用者眨眼頻率以及環境亮度，適當調整投影機10的投影亮度、以及校正矩陣的藍色係數

，因此，即使在灰暗的投影環境，使用者觀看投影幕時也比較不會感到刺激、疲倦。In addition, when the color correction of the projector 10 is completed, the controller 14 will appropriately adjust the projection brightness of the projector 10 and the blue coefficient of the calibration matrix according to the current user's blinking frequency and the ambient brightness.

Therefore, even in a dark projection environment, users will be less irritated and tired when watching the projection screen.

至此詳述了針對本發明較佳的實施形態，但本發明並非限定於特定的實施形態，在申請專利範圍所記載本發明要旨的範圍內，可以進行各種的變形、變更。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail so far, but the present invention is not limited to specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the scope of the patent application.

10:投影機 11:第一感光元件 12:第二感光元件 13:第三感光元件 14:控制器 15:投影電路 S200~S213:步驟10: Projector 11: The first photosensitive element 12: The second photosensitive element 13: The third photosensitive element 14: Controller 15: Projection circuit S200~S213: steps

第1圖為本發明的投影機10的硬體架構圖。第2(A)~2(B)圖為本發明的投影方法的流程圖。Figure 1 is a hardware architecture diagram of the projector 10 of the present invention. Figures 2(A) to 2(B) are flowcharts of the projection method of the present invention.

10:投影機10: Projector

11:第一感光元件11: The first photosensitive element

12:第二感光元件12: The second photosensitive element

13:第三感光元件13: The third photosensitive element

14:控制器14: Controller

15:投影電路15: Projection circuit

Claims

一種投影機，包含：一第一感光元件，量測該投影機投射於一投影幕的一投影色彩資訊；一第二感光元件，量測該投影機所在環境的一環境亮度，並產生一環境參數矩陣；以及一控制器，耦接該第一感光元件以及該第二感光元件，執行一程式以運行下列步驟：將該投影色彩資訊以及已設定的一目標色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一轉換矩陣；將該轉換矩陣以及該投影機所要投射之影像的一輸入色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一輸出色彩資訊；以及將已設定的一校正矩陣、該輸出色彩資訊、以及該環境參數矩陣進行矩陣運算，以算出一校正色彩資訊。A projector that includes: A first photosensitive element for measuring a projection color information projected by the projector on a projection screen; A second photosensitive element, which measures an environmental brightness of the environment where the projector is located, and generates an environmental parameter matrix; and A controller, coupled to the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element, executes a program to run the following steps: Matrix operation is performed on the projection color information and a set target color information to calculate a conversion matrix; Matrix operation is performed on the conversion matrix and an input color information of the image to be projected by the projector to calculate an output color information; and Perform a matrix operation on a set calibration matrix, the output color information, and the environment parameter matrix to calculate a calibration color information.

如請求項1所述之投影機，更包含：一第三感光元件，耦接該控制器，量測一使用者的一眨眼頻率；其中，該控制器基於該環境亮度以及該眨眼頻率，調整該投影機的一投影亮度，並調整該校正矩陣的一藍色係數。The projector described in claim 1, further including: A third photosensitive element, coupled to the controller, to measure a blinking frequency of a user; Wherein, the controller adjusts a projection brightness of the projector based on the ambient brightness and the blinking frequency, and adjusts a blue coefficient of the correction matrix.

如請求項2所述之投影機，其中，當該眨眼頻率小於一臨界值時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值，並將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度。The projector described in claim 2, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is less than a critical value, the controller adjusts the blue coefficient to a preset value, and adjusts the projection brightness to a preset projection brightness.

如請求項2所述之投影機，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度大於等於200尼特時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的90%。The projector described in claim 2, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the environmental brightness is greater than or equal to 200 nits, the controller adjusts the blue coefficient to 90% of a preset value.

如請求項2所述之投影機，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度在30尼特以上、未滿200尼特時，該控制器將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的60%。The projector described in claim 2, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the ambient brightness is above 30 nits but less than 200 nits, the controller adjusts the blue coefficient to 60% of a preset value.

如請求項2所述之投影機，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度未滿30尼特時，該控制器將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度的80%。The projector described in claim 2, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value and the ambient brightness is less than 30 nits, the controller adjusts the projection brightness to 80% of a preset projection brightness.

如請求項3至6任何一項所述之投影機，其中，該臨界值為該投影機開機後1分鐘內，該使用者的眨眼次數加上20次。The projector described in any one of claims 3 to 6, Wherein, the threshold value is the number of blinks of the user plus 20 times within 1 minute after the projector is turned on.

一種投影方法，包含：量測一投影機投射於一投影幕的一投影色彩資訊；量測該投影機所在環境的一環境亮度，並產生一環境參數矩陣；將該投影色彩資訊以及已設定的一目標色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一轉換矩陣；將該轉換矩陣以及該投影機所要投射之影像的一輸入色彩資訊進行矩陣運算，以算出一輸出色彩資訊；以及將已設定的一校正矩陣、該輸出色彩資訊、以及該環境參數矩陣進行矩陣運算，以算出一校正色彩資訊。A projection method, including: Measuring a projection color information projected by a projector on a projection screen; Measuring an environmental brightness of the environment where the projector is located, and generating an environmental parameter matrix; Matrix operation is performed on the projection color information and a set target color information to calculate a conversion matrix; Matrix operation is performed on the conversion matrix and an input color information of the image to be projected by the projector to calculate an output color information; and Perform a matrix operation on a set calibration matrix, the output color information, and the environment parameter matrix to calculate a calibration color information.

如請求項8所述之投影方法，更包含：量測一使用者的一眨眼頻率；以及基於該環境亮度以及該眨眼頻率，調整該投影機的一投影亮度，並調整該校正矩陣的一藍色係數。The projection method described in claim 8, further including: Measure the blink frequency of a user; and Based on the ambient brightness and the blinking frequency, a projection brightness of the projector is adjusted, and a blue coefficient of the correction matrix is adjusted.

如請求項9所述之投影方法，其中，當該眨眼頻率小於一臨界值時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值，並將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度。The projection method as described in claim 9, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is less than a critical value, the blue coefficient is adjusted to a preset value, and the projection brightness is adjusted to a preset projection brightness.

如請求項9所述之投影方法，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度大於等於200尼特時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的90%。The projection method as described in claim 9, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the environmental brightness is greater than or equal to 200 nits, the blue coefficient is adjusted to 90% of a preset value.

如請求項9所述之投影方法，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度在30尼特以上、未滿200尼特時，將該藍色係數調整為一預設值的60%。The projection method as described in claim 9, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the ambient brightness is above 30 nits but less than 200 nits, the blue coefficient is adjusted to 60% of a preset value.

如請求項9所述之投影方法，其中，當該眨眼頻率大於等於一臨界值，且該環境亮度未滿30尼特時，將該投影亮度調整為一預設投影亮度的80%。The projection method as described in claim 9, Wherein, when the blinking frequency is greater than or equal to a critical value, and the ambient brightness is less than 30 nits, the projection brightness is adjusted to 80% of a preset projection brightness.

如請求項10至13任何一項所述之投影方法，其中，該臨界值為該投影機開機後1分鐘內，該使用者的眨眼次數加上20次。The projection method described in any one of claims 10 to 13, Wherein, the threshold value is the number of blinks of the user plus 20 times within 1 minute after the projector is turned on.