TW202129105A - Carpet made from self-bulking ptt-containing bicomponent fibers - Google Patents
Carpet made from self-bulking ptt-containing bicomponent fibers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW202129105A TW202129105A TW109143177A TW109143177A TW202129105A TW 202129105 A TW202129105 A TW 202129105A TW 109143177 A TW109143177 A TW 109143177A TW 109143177 A TW109143177 A TW 109143177A TW 202129105 A TW202129105 A TW 202129105A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- poly
- bicomponent
- carpet
- component
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
- D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
- D06N7/0065—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf characterised by the pile
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
- D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- D06N2201/0245—Acrylic resin fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
- D06N2201/10—Conjugate fibres, e.g. core-sheath, side-by-side
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
- D10B2503/04—Floor or wall coverings; Carpets
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Carpets (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本揭露關於地毯，並且更具體地關於面纖維包含自膨化性含聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）的雙組分纖維的地毯。The present disclosure relates to carpets, and more specifically to carpets in which the face fiber contains a self-expandable bicomponent fiber containing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT).
在現代地毯的製造中，通常使用合成聚合物（例如尼龍、聚酯、聚丙烯）來製備具有高水平膨化度的纖維，該高水平膨化度可被定義為與未膨化的或「扁平」纖維相比，纖維的覆蓋能力或表觀體積增強。該等膨化連續纖維（「BCF」）典型地是在紡絲機上製造的單組分纖維，該紡絲機具有專門設計成以機械方式對纖維賦予膨化度的高溫/高壓射流和冷卻圓筒。此製程有幾個缺點。射流中纖維的高溫、高壓和湍流可能損壞纖維長絲，並對纖維的物理特性產生不利影響。此外，與不需要機械膨化的其他紡絲製程（即全拉伸紗線（「FDY」）或部分取向紗線（「POY」）扁平紗線）相比，對藉由射流/圓筒製程賦予膨化度的需求需要降低纖維生產速度。In the manufacture of modern carpets, synthetic polymers (such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene) are usually used to prepare fibers with a high level of expansion, which can be defined as the difference between unexpanded or "flat" fibers. In contrast, the covering capacity or apparent volume of the fiber is enhanced. The bulked continuous fibers ("BCF") are typically monocomponent fibers manufactured on a spinning machine with a high temperature/high pressure jet and cooling cylinder specifically designed to mechanically impart bulkiness to the fiber . There are several disadvantages to this process. The high temperature, high pressure and turbulence of the fibers in the jet may damage the fiber filaments and adversely affect the physical properties of the fibers. In addition, compared with other spinning processes that do not require mechanical expansion (ie, fully drawn yarns ("FDY") or partially oriented yarns ("POY") flat yarns), the jet/cylinder process gives The demand for bulkiness requires a reduction in fiber production speed.
表徵紡織纖維的一種方式係藉由它們的捲曲量。「捲曲」係指纖維的波紋度，並且可以表示為捲曲數量/單位長度。捲曲量，本文中也稱為「捲曲收縮率」，可以藉由比較纖維在負載下的伸展長度與纖維在無負載情況下的縮回長度來表示。纖維中的捲曲量可以是自然發生的（例如羊毛），或在製造中賦予給合成纖維以適應所希望的最終用途。可以藉由以下方式產生捲曲：使用膨化射流（BCF）中的空氣和熱量，在假撚變形機上對POY進行加撚/解撚以製成拉伸變形紗線（DTY），或藉由並列或偏心皮/芯雙組分纖維的異收縮。低水平的捲曲對應於具有改善的鬆軟度或膨化度的紡織纖維，並且當織物的不透明度或覆蓋度很重要時，這係理想的。可替代地，高水平的捲曲導致纖維具有顯著水平之拉伸和恢復，並且在服裝應用中很有價值。One way to characterize textile fibers is by their amount of crimp. "Crimp" refers to the waviness of the fiber, and can be expressed as the number of crimps/unit length. The amount of crimp, also referred to herein as "crimp shrinkage", can be expressed by comparing the stretched length of the fiber under load with the retracted length of the fiber under no load. The amount of crimp in the fiber can be naturally occurring (e.g. wool) or imparted to synthetic fibers during manufacture to suit the desired end use. The crimp can be produced by the following methods: using the air and heat in the bulking jet (BCF) to twist/untwist the POY on a false twist texturing machine to make a stretch texturized yarn (DTY), or by paralleling Or different shrinkage of eccentric sheath/core bicomponent fiber. Low levels of crimp correspond to textile fibers with improved softness or bulkiness, and this is ideal when the opacity or coverage of the fabric is important. Alternatively, a high level of crimping results in a significant level of stretching and recovery of the fiber, and is valuable in apparel applications.
在地毯應用中，較低水平的捲曲對於在沒有明顯的拉伸展現的情況下賦予高膨化度係理想的。用於織物的包含雙組分長絲的自捲曲性高膨化度紗線描述於美國專利案號7,790,282中。在服裝織物中，並列型和偏心皮/芯型雙組分纖維捲曲特性典型地被最大化，以在纖維和所得織物中提供高水平的拉伸。2004年10月12日授予Talley等人的美國專利案號6,803,102 B1係生產具有不對稱纖維橫截面的雙組分纖維的示例，並以其全文併入本文。In carpet applications, a lower level of curl is ideal for imparting a high degree of bulk without significant stretch development. A self-crimping high bulking yarn containing bicomponent filaments for use in fabrics is described in US Patent No. 7,790,282. In apparel fabrics, side-by-side and eccentric sheath/core bicomponent fiber crimp characteristics are typically maximized to provide a high level of stretch in the fiber and the resulting fabric. US Patent No. 6,803,102 B1 issued to Talley et al. on October 12, 2004 is an example of the production of bicomponent fibers with asymmetric fiber cross-sections, and is incorporated herein in its entirety.
2000年12月12日授予Talley等人的美國專利案號6,158,204揭露了一種由雙組分纖維製成的自定型紗線，該雙組分纖維形成鎖定撚度並形成膨化度的螺旋捲曲。還揭露了在地毯和紡織品中使用此種紗線。揭露了多種聚合物，諸如聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（「PET」）、聚(對苯二甲酸丁二酯)（「PBT」）、聚丙烯、尼龍等。然而，未揭露聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）之用途。U.S. Patent No. 6,158,204 issued to Talley et al. on December 12, 2000 discloses a self-setting yarn made of bicomponent fibers that form a spiral crimp that locks in twists and forms bulkiness. The use of such yarns in carpets and textiles is also disclosed. A variety of polymers were exposed, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) ("PET"), poly(butylene terephthalate) ("PBT"), polypropylene, nylon, etc. However, the use of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) is not disclosed.
美國專利案號5,645,782 Howell等人、6,109,015 Roark等人和6,113,825 Chuah；WO 99/19557 Scott等人；H. Modlich, "Experience with Polyesters Fibers in Tufted Articles of Heat-Set Yarns [聚酯纖維在熱定型紗線簇絨製品中的使用經驗], Chemiefasern/Textilind. [化學纖維/紡織工業]41/93, 786-94 (1991)；以及H. Chuah, "Corterra Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) - New Polymeric Fiber for Carpets [Corterra聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)-新型地毯用聚合物纖維]", The Textile Institute [紡織學會] Tifcon '96 (1996) (可以在http://www.shellchemicals.com/corterra/0,1098,281,00.html上獲得)，均藉由引用併入本文，描述了用聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）單組分纖維（homofiber）而不是雙組分纖維製成的地毯。US Patent Nos. 5,645,782 Howell et al., 6,109,015 Roark et al. and 6,113,825 Chuah; WO 99/19557 Scott et al.; H. Modlich, "Experience with Polyesters Fibers in Tufted Articles of Heat-Set Yarns Use experience in thread tufted products], Chemiefasern/Textilind. [Chemical fiber/textile industry] 41/93, 786-94 (1991); and H. Chuah, "Corterra Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)-New Polymeric Fiber for Carpets [Corterra poly(trimethylene terephthalate)-new polymer fiber for carpet]", The Textile Institute [Textile Society] Tifcon '96 (1996) (available at http://www.shellchemicals.com/corterra/ 0,1098,281,00.html), all incorporated herein by reference, describing the use of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) monocomponent fibers (homofiber) instead of bicomponent fibers Carpet made.
本文揭露了一種地毯，其面纖維包含雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）或PTT與PET均聚物或PET共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，其中雙組分纖維由於異收縮而為自膨化性的，與面纖維由經過機械膨化的膨體連續單組分長絲（homofilament）製成的地毯形成對比。This article discloses a carpet, the surface fiber of which comprises a bicomponent fiber, and the bicomponent fiber comprises a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer or a poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (Co-PET) and the second component of a blend of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) or PTT and PET homopolymer or PET copolymer (co-PET), wherein Bicomponent fibers are self-expanding due to heterogeneous shrinkage, in contrast to carpets made from mechanically expanded expanded continuous monocomponent filaments (homfilament).
在第一實施方式中，本文揭露了一種地毯，其面纖維包含雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）聚合物或PTT與PET均聚物或PET共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，其中雙組分纖維由於異收縮而為自膨化性的，與面纖維由經過機械膨化的膨體連續單組分長絲製成的地毯形成對比。In the first embodiment, this paper discloses a carpet, the surface fiber of which comprises a bicomponent fiber, and the bicomponent fiber comprises poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer or poly(terephthalate) A component of ethylene formate copolymer (co-PET) and a copolymer of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) polymer or PTT and PET homopolymer or PET copolymer (co-PET) The second component of the mixture, in which the bicomponent fibers are self-expanding due to different shrinkage, contrasts with carpets made of expanded continuous monocomponent filaments that have undergone mechanical expansion.
在第二實施方式中，雙組分纖維可以是並列構型或偏心皮/芯構型。In the second embodiment, the bicomponent fiber may be in a side-by-side configuration or an eccentric sheath/core configuration.
在第三實施方式中，雙組分纖維的第一組分和第二組分可以以80 : 20至20 : 80的重量比存在。In the third embodiment, the first component and the second component of the bicomponent fiber may be present in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 20:80.
在第四實施方式中，本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維具有的加熱後捲曲收縮率如根據本文揭露之捲曲收縮率方法所確定等於或小於30%。In the fourth embodiment, the self-expandable bicomponent fiber disclosed herein has a crimp shrinkage ratio after heating that is equal to or less than 30% as determined according to the crimp shrinkage ratio method disclosed herein.
在第五實施方式中，揭露了一種用於製備紗線以生產地毯的改進之方法，該地毯的面纖維包含自膨化性雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）或PTT與PET均聚物或PET共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，該方法包括： a) 在能夠產生兩個或更多個獨立熔體流的紡絲機上擠出兩種組分； b) 在適合製備雙組分纖維的噴絲板中合併熔體流； c) 在空氣中淬火步驟 (b) 中產生的自膨化性雙組分纖維； d) 對自膨化性雙組分纖維進行拉伸和熱定型；以及 e) 藉由適合的手段捲繞自膨化性雙組分纖維以用於後續加工成地毯， 其中自膨化性雙組分纖維消除了對機械膨化步驟的需要。In the fifth embodiment, an improved method for preparing yarns to produce carpets is disclosed. The surface fibers of the carpets include self-expandable bicomponent fibers, and the bicomponent fibers include poly(ethylene terephthalate). Diester) (PET) homopolymer or a component of poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (co-PET) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) or both PTT and PET The second component of a blend of polymer or PET copolymer (co-PET), the method includes: a) Extruding two components on a spinning machine capable of producing two or more independent melt streams; b) Combine the melt flow in a spinneret suitable for the preparation of bicomponent fibers; c) Self-expandable bicomponent fibers produced in the air quenching step (b); d) Stretching and heat setting the self-expanding bicomponent fiber; and e) Winding self-expanding bicomponent fibers by suitable means for subsequent processing into carpets, Among them, the self-expanding bicomponent fiber eliminates the need for a mechanical expansion step.
在第六實施方式中，雙組分纖維可以是並列構型或偏心皮芯構型。In the sixth embodiment, the bicomponent fiber may be a side-by-side configuration or an eccentric sheath-core configuration.
在第七實施方式中，雙組分纖維的第一組分和第二組分可以以80 : 20至20 : 80的重量比安排。In the seventh embodiment, the first component and the second component of the bicomponent fiber may be arranged in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 20:80.
在第八實施方式中，本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維具有的加熱後捲曲收縮率如根據本文揭露之捲曲收縮率方法所確定等於或小於30%。In the eighth embodiment, the self-expandable bicomponent fiber disclosed herein has a crimp shrinkage rate after heating that is equal to or less than 30% as determined according to the crimp shrinkage rate method disclosed herein.
引用的所有專利、專利申請和出版物均藉由引用以其全文併入本文。All patents, patent applications and publications cited are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.
如本文所用，術語「實施方式」或「揭露」並不意指限制性的，而是通常適用於請求項中限定的或本文描述的任何實施方式。該等術語在本文中可互換使用。As used herein, the term "implementation" or "disclosure" is not meant to be restrictive, but generally applies to any implementation defined in the claims or described herein. These terms are used interchangeably herein.
在本揭露中，使用了許多術語和縮寫。除非另有特別說明，否則適用以下定義。In this disclosure, many terms and abbreviations are used. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the following definitions apply.
在元素或組分前的冠詞「一個/種（a/an）」和「該（the）」在關於該元素或組分的實例（即，出現）的數目旨在係非限制性的。因此，「一個/種（a/an）」和「該（the）」應理解為包括一個/種或至少一個/種，並且元素或組分的單數詞語形式還包括複數，除非該數字明顯意指單數。The articles "a/an" and "the" before an element or component are intended to be non-limiting in terms of the number of instances (ie, occurrences) of the element or component. Therefore, "a/an" and "the" should be understood to include one/a Refers to the singular.
術語「包括」意指如申請專利範圍中所提及的說明的特徵、整數、步驟或組分的存在，而並未排除一個或多個其他特徵、整數、步驟、組分或其組的存在或添加。術語「包括」旨在包括由術語「基本上由……組成」和「由……組成」所涵蓋的實施方式。類似地，術語「基本上由……組成」旨在包括由術語「由……組成」所涵蓋的實施方式。The term "comprising" means the existence of the specified features, integers, steps or components as mentioned in the scope of the patent application, but does not exclude the existence of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof Or add. The term "comprising" is intended to include embodiments covered by the terms "essentially consisting of" and "consisting of". Similarly, the term "consisting essentially of" is intended to include embodiments covered by the term "consisting of".
在存在的情況下，所有範圍係包含端值的和可組合的。例如，當列舉「1至5」的範圍時，所列舉的範圍應解釋為包括「1至4」、「1至3」、「1至2」、「1至2和4至5」、「1至3和5」等範圍。When present, all ranges are inclusive and combinable. For example, when enumerating the range "1 to 5", the enumerated range should be interpreted as including "1 to 4", "1 to 3", "1 to 2", "1 to 2 and 4 to 5", " 1 to 3 and 5" and other ranges.
如本文與數值結合所用的，術語「約」係指數值的 +/- 0.5的範圍，除非該術語在上下文中另有具體定義。例如，短語「約6的pH值」係指pH值為5.5至6.5，除非該pH值另有具體定義。As used herein in conjunction with numerical values, the term "about" refers to the range of +/- 0.5 of the index value, unless the term is specifically defined in the context. For example, the phrase "pH of about 6" refers to a pH of 5.5 to 6.5, unless the pH is specifically defined otherwise.
在本說明書全文中給出的每一最大數值限度旨在包括每一較低數值限度，如同這類較低數值限度在本文中明確寫出一樣。在本說明書通篇中給出的每一最小數值限度將包括每一較高數值限度，如同此類較高數值限度在本文中明確寫出一樣。在本說明書全文中給出的每一數值範圍將包括落入這類較寬數值範圍內的每一較窄數值範圍，如同這類較窄數值範圍在本文中全部明確寫出一樣。Each maximum numerical limit given throughout this specification is intended to include every lower numerical limit, as if such lower numerical limits are expressly written out herein. Every minimum numerical limit given throughout this specification will include every higher numerical limit, as if such higher numerical limits are expressly written in this text. Every numerical range given throughout this specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within such a wider numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges are all expressly written herein.
如本文所用，術語「雙組分纖維」係指包含兩種不同的聚合物組分的纖維，該兩種不同的聚合物組分可以由不同的聚合物類型、相同的聚合物類型但具有不同的特性黏度、或兩種或更多種聚合物的共混物組成，該兩種不同的聚合物組分從同一噴絲板擠出，其中兩種聚合物在同一長絲中。雙組分纖維也可以稱為複合纖維，並且該等術語可以可互換地使用。As used herein, the term "bicomponent fiber" refers to a fiber that contains two different polymer components. The two different polymer components can be composed of different polymer types, the same polymer type but with different Intrinsic viscosity, or a blend of two or more polymers, the two different polymer components are extruded from the same spinneret, where the two polymers are in the same filament. Bicomponent fibers can also be referred to as composite fibers, and these terms can be used interchangeably.
術語「BCF」係指膨體或膨化連續單組分長絲。它基本上係用來製備地毯的一束長的連續纖維束。術語「膨體」和「膨化」在本文中可互換地使用。The term "BCF" refers to expanded or expanded continuous monocomponent filaments. It is basically a long continuous fiber bundle used to make carpets. The terms "bulging" and "bulging" are used interchangeably herein.
如本文所用，術語「地毯」係指由絨頭紗線或纖維和背襯系統組成的地板覆蓋物。它們可以是簇絨的或機織的。如本文所用，術語「地毯」包括全屋地毯、拼塊地毯、小地毯和用於車輛及建築物入口的墊子，例如設計成捕獲腳下泥土的那些。As used herein, the term "carpet" refers to a floor covering composed of pile yarns or fibers and a backing system. They can be tufted or woven. As used herein, the term "carpet" includes whole-house carpets, tiled carpets, rugs, and mats used in vehicle and building entrances, such as those designed to capture the soil under your feet.
術語「面」係指地毯的含有簇絨或機織紗線的一側。The term "face" refers to the side of the carpet that contains tufted or woven yarns.
如本文所用，術語「面纖維」係指地毯的纖維內含物，包括對觀察者可見的纖維內含物。該面纖維主要由紗線製成，並且該等紗線可以按割斷、環圈、割斷和環圈或熟悉該項技術者已知的任何數量的式樣來進行式樣設計。As used herein, the term "face fiber" refers to the fiber inclusions of the carpet, including the fiber inclusions visible to the observer. The surface fiber is mainly made of yarns, and the yarns can be designed in cuts, loops, cuts and loops, or any number of patterns known to those skilled in the art.
術語「共聚物」係指由多於一種單體的組合組成的聚合物。共聚物可以形成一些人造纖維的基礎。The term "copolymer" refers to a polymer composed of a combination of more than one monomer. Copolymers can form the basis of some man-made fibers.
術語「捲曲」係指纖維的波紋度，表示為捲曲數量/單位長度。「捲曲化」係對長絲紗線賦予捲曲的製程。The term "crimp" refers to the waviness of the fiber, expressed as the number of crimps/unit length. "Crimping" is a process of imparting crimp to filament yarns.
術語「捲曲收縮率」係纖維捲曲的量度，並且是指紗線從完全伸展狀態（即，其中長絲基本上係直的）在長度上的收縮。這係由於在特定的捲曲展現條件下各個長絲中捲曲的形成。它表示為伸展長度的百分比。捲曲收縮率可以在纖維處理（例如藉由加熱）以部分或完全地展現捲曲之前和/或之後進行測量；典型地，加熱後捲曲收縮率更令人感興趣且提供更多資訊，因為它包括了藉由加熱而展現的捲曲。除非另有說明，否則本文揭露之捲曲收縮率值係加熱後捲曲收縮率值（Cca）。The term "crimp shrinkage" is a measure of fiber crimp and refers to the shrinkage in length of a yarn from a fully extended state (ie, where the filaments are substantially straight). This is due to the formation of crimps in individual filaments under specific crimp development conditions. It is expressed as a percentage of stretch length. The crimp shrinkage can be measured before and/or after the fiber is processed (for example, by heating) to partially or fully exhibit the crimp; typically, the crimp shrinkage after heating is more interesting and provides more information because it includes The curl unfolded by heating. Unless otherwise specified, the value of the crimp shrinkage rate disclosed herein is the value of the crimp shrinkage rate (Cca) after heating.
術語「旦尼」係任何線性材料的單位長度重量量度。The term "deni" is a measure of the weight per unit length of any linear material.
術語「纖維」係指形成織物和其他紡織品結構的基本元素的物質單位，或者係天然的或者係合成的。其特徵係具有的長度至少係其直徑或寬度的1000倍。典型地，紡織纖維係可以紡成紗線或藉由各種方法（包括機織、針織、編結、製毯和加撚）製成織物的單元。纖維的特點係其旦尼（重量克數/9000米纖維）和纖維中所含的長絲數量。The term "fiber" refers to the unit of matter that forms the basic elements of fabric and other textile structures, either natural or synthetic. Its characteristic system has a length that is at least 1000 times its diameter or width. Typically, textile fibers can be spun into yarn or made into fabric units by various methods (including weaving, knitting, knitting, blanket making, and twisting). The characteristics of the fiber are its denier (weight in grams/9000 meters of fiber) and the number of filaments contained in the fiber.
「長絲」係指細線或連續的纖維束。存在兩種類型的長絲：單股長絲（mono-filament）和多股長絲（multi-filament）。長絲的特點係其旦尼/長絲（「dpf」）。"Filament" refers to thin threads or continuous fiber bundles. There are two types of filaments: mono-filament and multi-filament. The characteristic of filament is its denim/filament ("dpf").
術語「單組分長絲」意指長絲由一種聚合物類型製成。The term "monocomponent filament" means that the filament is made of one polymer type.
「短纖維」係指天然纖維或從長絲割斷的長度。"Short fiber" refers to the length of natural fibers or cut from filaments.
術語「特性黏度」（「IV」）係指已知濃度的溶液的比黏度與外推至零濃度的溶質濃度的比。The term "intrinsic viscosity" ("IV") refers to the ratio of the specific viscosity of a solution of known concentration to the solute concentration extrapolated to zero.
術語「簇絨化」係指在專用多針機上製造紡織品（諸如地毯）的製程。「簇絨」係被拉伸穿過織物並且以割斷的紗線或環圈的形式從表面突伸出的一簇柔軟的紗線。割斷的或未割斷的環圈形成簇絨或機織地毯的面。The term "tufting" refers to the process of manufacturing textiles (such as carpets) on a dedicated multi-needle machine. "Tufting" is a tuft of soft yarn that is stretched through the fabric and protrudes from the surface in the form of cut yarns or loops. The cut or uncut loops form the face of a tufted or woven carpet.
術語「紗線」係指各個長絲的集合，或者係單獨的，或者與另一長絲集合合股在一起。術語「纖維」和「紗線」在本文中可互換地使用。The term "yarn" refers to a collection of individual filaments, either alone or combined with another collection of filaments. The terms "fiber" and "yarn" are used interchangeably herein.
術語「淬滅」係指在水、油或空氣中快速冷卻以獲得某些物理或材料特性。The term "quenching" refers to rapid cooling in water, oil or air to obtain certain physical or material properties.
術語「聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)」或PET意指基本上僅由乙二醇和對苯二甲酸（或等效物，諸如對苯二甲酸二甲酯）衍生的聚合物，並且也稱為聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)均聚物。如本文所用，術語「聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物」或「co-PET」係指包含衍生自乙二醇和對苯二甲酸（或等效物）的重複單元且還含有衍生自額外單體（諸如間苯二甲酸（IPA）或環己烷二甲醇（CHDM））的至少一個額外單元的聚合物。聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物可以含有約1莫耳%至約30莫耳%的額外單體，例如約1莫耳%至約15莫耳%的額外單體。The term "poly(ethylene terephthalate)" or PET means a polymer derived essentially only from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid (or equivalent such as dimethyl terephthalate), and also Known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) homopolymer. As used herein, the term "poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer" or "co-PET" means that it contains repeating units derived from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid (or equivalents) and also contains derived A polymer of at least one additional unit from an additional monomer, such as isophthalic acid (IPA) or cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM). The poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer may contain from about 1 mol% to about 30 mol% of additional monomers, for example, from about 1 mol% to about 15 mol% of additional monomers.
術語「聚(對苯二甲酸丁二酯)」或PBT意指基本上僅由1,4-丁二醇和對苯二甲酸衍生的聚合物，並且也稱為聚(對苯二甲酸丁二酯)均聚物。如本文所用，術語「聚(對苯二甲酸丁二酯)共聚物」係指包含衍生自1,4-丁二醇和對苯二甲酸的重複單元且還含有衍生自額外單體（例如本文揭露之PTT共聚物的共聚單體）的至少一個額外單元的聚合物。The term "poly(butylene terephthalate)" or PBT means a polymer derived essentially only from 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid, and is also called poly(butylene terephthalate) )Homopolymer. As used herein, the term "poly(butylene terephthalate) copolymer" refers to a repeating unit derived from 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid and also contains additional monomers (such as those disclosed herein). The comonomer of the PTT copolymer) is a polymer with at least one additional unit.
術語「聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)」或PTT係指藉由將1,3-丙二醇與對苯二甲酸聚合而製成的聚酯。它的特點係高彈性恢復（elastic recovery）和彈性（resilience）。已知PTT提供耐沾汙性、耐靜電性和改善的染色性。術語「聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)均聚物」意指基本上只有1,3-丙二醇和對苯二甲酸（或等效物）的聚合物。術語「聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)」還包括PTT共聚物，PTT共聚物意指包含衍生自1,3-丙二醇和對苯二甲酸（或等效物）的重複單元且還含有衍生自額外單體的至少一個額外單元的聚合物。PTT共聚物的實例包括使用3種或更多種各自具有兩個形成酯的基團的反應物製備的共聚多酯。例如，可使用共聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)，其中用於製備共聚多酯的共聚單體選自由以下各項組成之群組：具有4-12個碳原子的線性、環狀和分支的脂肪族二羧酸（例如丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸、十二烷二酸和1,4-環己烷二羧酸）；不是對苯二甲酸並且具有8-12個碳原子的芳香族二羧酸（例如間苯二甲酸和2,6-萘二羧酸）；具有2-8個碳原子的線性、環狀和分支的脂肪族二醇（除1,3-丙二醇之外的，例如乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、3-甲基-1,5-戊二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇和1,4-環己二醇）；以及具有4-10個碳原子的脂肪族和芳香族醚二醇（例如，氫醌雙(2-羥乙基)醚或具有低於約460的分子量的聚(伸乙基醚)二醇，包括二伸乙基醚二醇）。共聚單體典型地以約0.5莫耳%至約15莫耳%的水平存在於共聚多酯中，並且可以以最高達約30莫耳%的量存在。The term "poly(trimethylene terephthalate)" or PTT refers to a polyester made by polymerizing 1,3-propanediol and terephthalic acid. It is characterized by high elastic recovery and resilience. PTT is known to provide stain resistance, static resistance and improved dyeability. The term "poly(trimethylene terephthalate) homopolymer" means a polymer consisting essentially of only 1,3-propanediol and terephthalic acid (or equivalent). The term "poly(trimethylene terephthalate)" also includes PTT copolymers, which are meant to contain repeating units derived from 1,3-propanediol and terephthalic acid (or equivalent) and also contain derivative A polymer of at least one additional unit from an additional monomer. Examples of PTT copolymers include copolyesters prepared using 3 or more reactants each having two ester-forming groups. For example, copoly(trimethylene terephthalate) can be used, wherein the comonomer used to prepare the copolyester is selected from the group consisting of: linear, cyclic and branched with 4-12 carbon atoms Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, dodecanedioic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid); not terephthalic acid and have 8-12 carbons -Atomic aromatic dicarboxylic acids (such as isophthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid); linear, cyclic, and branched aliphatic diols with 2-8 carbon atoms (except 1,3-propanediol Other than ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanediol); and aliphatic and aromatic ether glycols having 4-10 carbon atoms (for example, hydroquinone bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ) Ether or poly(ethylene ether) glycol having a molecular weight below about 460, including diethylene ether glycol). The comonomer is typically present in the copolyester at a level of about 0.5 mol% to about 15 mol%, and may be present in an amount up to about 30 mol%.
術語「Triexta」係指聚酯的子類PTT的通用名稱。術語Triexta和PTT在本文中可以可互換地使用。The term "Triexta" refers to the common name of PTT, a subclass of polyester. The terms Triexta and PTT can be used interchangeably herein.
聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)具有的特性黏度典型地為約0.5分升/克（dl/g）或更高，並且典型地為約2 dl/g或更低。聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)較佳的是具有約0.7 dl/g或更高、更較佳的是0.8 dl/g或更高、甚至更較佳的是0.9 dl/g或更高的特性黏度，並且典型地該特性黏度為約1.5 dl/g或更低、較佳的是1.4 dl/g或更低，並且目前可獲得的商業產品具有1.2 dl/g或更低的特性黏度。聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)可以商標「Sorona®」從德拉瓦州威爾明頓的杜邦公司（E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE）商購獲得。Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) has an intrinsic viscosity of typically about 0.5 deciliter/gram (dl/g) or higher, and typically about 2 dl/g or lower. Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) preferably has about 0.7 dl/g or higher, more preferably 0.8 dl/g or higher, even more preferably 0.9 dl/g or higher The intrinsic viscosity is typically about 1.5 dl/g or less, preferably 1.4 dl/g or less, and currently available commercial products have an intrinsic viscosity of 1.2 dl/g or less . Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) is commercially available from DuPont (E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE) under the trademark "Sorona®".
由聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)單組分纖維製成的地毯及其製造，以及該等纖維和纖維的製造描述於美國專利案號5,645,782 Howell等人、6,109,015 Roark等人和6,113,825 Chuah；美國專利案號6,740,276、6,576,340和6,723,799；WO 99/19557 Scott等人；H. Modlich, "Experience with Polyesters Fibers in Tufted Articles of Heat-Set Yarns [聚酯纖維在熱定型紗線簇絨製品中的使用經驗], Chemiefasern/Textilind. [化學纖維/紡織工業]41/93, 786-94 (1991)；以及H. Chuah, "Corterra Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) - New Polymeric Fiber for Carpets [Corterra聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)-新型地毯用聚合物纖維]", The Textile Institute [紡織學會] Tifcon '96 (1996)中，所有參考藉由引用併入本文。短纖維主要用於製備家用地毯。BCF紗線用於製備所有類型的地毯，並且通常對於地毯係較佳的。Carpets made of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) monocomponent fibers and their manufacture, and the manufacture of such fibers and fibers are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,645,782 Howell et al., 6,109,015 Roark et al., and 6,113,825 Chuah; US Patent Nos. 6,740,276, 6,576,340 and 6,723,799; WO 99/19557 Scott et al.; H. Modlich, "Experience with Polyesters Fibers in Tufted Articles of Heat-Set Yarns [Use of polyester fibers in heat-set yarn tufted products Experience], Chemiefasern/Textilind. [Chemical Fiber/Textile Industry] 41/93, 786-94 (1991); and H. Chuah, "Corterra Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)-New Polymeric Fiber for Carpets [Corterra Poly(terephthalate)] Propylene formate)-new polymer fiber for carpet]", The Textile Institute [Textile Society] Tifcon '96 (1996), all references are incorporated herein by reference. Short fibers are mainly used to make household carpets. BCF yarn Thread is used to make all types of carpets, and is generally better for carpets.
典型地，含PTT的雙組分纖維用於製備具有持久拉伸屬性的織物和服裝。相比之下，在地毯的製造中並不需要此類拉伸屬性。相反，用於製備地毯的纖維典型地是經過機械膨化的，以提供高水平的膨化度；此類纖維典型地稱為「BCF」纖維。Typically, bicomponent fibers containing PTT are used to make fabrics and garments with long-lasting stretch properties. In contrast, such stretch properties are not needed in the manufacture of carpets. In contrast, the fibers used to make carpets are typically mechanically puffed to provide a high level of puffing; such fibers are typically referred to as "BCF" fibers.
本文揭露了一種地毯，其面纖維包含雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）或PTT與PET均聚物或PET共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，其中雙組分纖維由於異收縮而為自膨化性的，與面纖維由經過機械膨化的膨體連續單組分長絲製成的地毯形成對比。This article discloses a carpet, the surface fiber of which comprises a bicomponent fiber, and the bicomponent fiber comprises a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer or a poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (Co-PET) and the second component of a blend of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) or PTT and PET homopolymer or PET copolymer (co-PET), wherein Bicomponent fibers are self-expanding due to different shrinkage, which is in contrast to carpets made of expanded continuous mono-component filaments that have undergone mechanical expansion.
還揭露了一種用於製備紗線以生產地毯的改進之方法，該地毯的面纖維包含自膨化性連續纖維，該纖維包含：Also disclosed is an improved method for preparing yarns to produce carpets, the surface fibers of which comprise self-expandable continuous fibers, and the fibers comprise:
聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）或PTT與PET均聚物或PET共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，該方法包括： a) 在能夠產生兩個或更多個獨立熔體流的紡絲機上擠出兩種組分； b) 在適合製備雙組分纖維的噴絲板中合併熔體流； c) 在空氣中淬火步驟 (b) 中產生的自膨化性雙組分纖維； d) 對自膨化性雙組分纖維進行拉伸和熱定型；以及 e) 藉由適合的手段捲繞自膨化性雙組分纖維以用於後續加工成地毯， 其中自膨化性雙組分纖維消除了對機械膨化步驟的需要。A component of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer or poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (co-PET) and poly(trimethylene terephthalate) ( PTT) or the second component of the blend of PTT and PET homopolymer or PET copolymer (co-PET), the method includes: a) Extruding two components on a spinning machine capable of producing two or more independent melt streams; b) Combine the melt flow in a spinneret suitable for the preparation of bicomponent fibers; c) Self-expandable bicomponent fibers produced in the air quenching step (b); d) Stretching and heat setting the self-expanding bicomponent fiber; and e) Winding self-expanding bicomponent fibers by suitable means for subsequent processing into carpets, Among them, the self-expanding bicomponent fiber eliminates the need for a mechanical expansion step.
本文所述之雙組分纖維可以是並列（「S/S」）或偏心皮芯（「S/C」）構型。雙組分纖維可以藉由使用每種形狀特定的噴絲板製成各種橫截面形狀，例如圓形、三角形、三葉形、扇形或其他形狀，例如，如美國專利案號6,803,102所揭露的，其藉由引用以其全文併入本文。The bicomponent fibers described herein can be in side-by-side ("S/S") or eccentric sheath-core ("S/C") configurations. Bicomponent fibers can be made into various cross-sectional shapes, such as circular, triangular, trilobal, fan-shaped or other shapes by using spinnerets with specific shapes for each shape. For example, as disclosed in US Patent No. 6,803,102, It is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
典型地，用於地毯的纖維係在製造方法中經受機械膨化步驟的單組分纖維。相比之下，本文所述之其面纖維包含自膨化性連續纖維，該纖維包含含有聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)的雙組分纖維的地毯由於異收縮而為自膨化性的。Typically, the fibers used for carpets are monocomponent fibers that undergo a mechanical expansion step in the manufacturing process. In contrast, the surface fibers described herein include self-expandable continuous fibers, and carpets containing bicomponent fibers containing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) are self-expandable due to heterogeneous shrinkage.
如上所述，自膨化性雙組分纖維的組分中的一種係PTT或PTT與PET或與co-PET的共混物。由於PTT與其他可商購獲得的聚酯相比具有獨特的收縮特性，因此PTT可以非常有效地提供捲曲。自膨化性雙組分纖維的另一組分係PET或co-PET，並且由於其收縮與PTT相比係最小的，所以此組分組合允許最大的收縮差異，並因此允許捲曲展現。相比之下，聚(對苯二甲酸丁二酯)（PBT）較不適合作為與PTT或PTT/PET共混物一起使用以製備自膨化性雙組分纖維的組分，因為PBT、PTT和PTT/PET共混物將顯著收縮，從而導致兩種組分之間的異收縮較低，並因此所得雙組分纖維的捲曲展現也較低。例如，在並列或偏心皮/芯自膨化性雙組分纖維中的聚合物重量比相等時，包含PTT和PET作為兩種組分的雙組分纖維將比包含PBT和PET作為兩種組分的雙組分纖維或包含各自具有不同的特性黏度（IV）的兩種不同的PET作為兩種組分的雙組分纖維提供更高的膨化度。As mentioned above, one of the components of the self-expandable bicomponent fiber is PTT or a blend of PTT and PET or co-PET. Since PTT has unique shrinkage characteristics compared to other commercially available polyesters, PTT can provide crimp very effectively. The other component of the self-expandable bicomponent fiber is PET or co-PET, and since its shrinkage is the smallest compared to PTT, this component combination allows the largest shrinkage difference, and thus allows crimp to develop. In contrast, poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) is less suitable as a component for use with PTT or PTT/PET blends to prepare self-expandable bicomponent fibers, because PBT, PTT and The PTT/PET blend will shrink significantly, resulting in lower iso-shrinkage between the two components, and therefore the resulting bicomponent fiber exhibits lower crimp. For example, when the weight ratio of polymers in the side-by-side or eccentric sheath/core self-expandable bicomponent fiber is equal, the bicomponent fiber containing PTT and PET as the two components will be higher than the bicomponent fiber containing PBT and PET as the two components. A bicomponent fiber or a bicomponent fiber containing two different PETs each with a different intrinsic viscosity (IV) as the two components provide a higher degree of expansion.
尼龍聚合物，包括尼龍6和尼龍66，也可以用作自膨化性雙組分纖維的第一組分；然而，尼龍聚合物通常與作為第二組分的聚酯沒有足夠的黏附性，並且當受到應力時可能***和裂開。因此，包含尼龍和聚酯的雙組分纖維可能不是地毯紗線的最佳選擇。Nylon polymers, including nylon 6 and nylon 66, can also be used as the first component of self-expandable bicomponent fibers; however, nylon polymers generally do not have sufficient adhesion to the polyester as the second component, and It may split and split when subjected to stress. Therefore, bicomponent fibers containing nylon and polyester may not be the best choice for carpet yarns.
雙組分PET或co-PET以及PTT或PTT與PET或coPET的共混物，可以以80 : 20至20 : 80的重量比存在於自膨化性雙組分纖維中。例如，第一組分和第二組分的重量比可以是80 : 20、75 : 25、70 : 30、65 : 35、60 : 40、55 : 45、50 : 50、45 : 55、40 : 60、35 : 65、30 : 70、25 : 75、20 : 80，或在此範圍內的任何比率。在一個實施方式中，第一組分和第二組分的重量比為約50 : 50。The bicomponent PET or co-PET and the blend of PTT or PTT and PET or coPET can be present in the self-expanding bicomponent fiber in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 20:80. For example, the weight ratio of the first component and the second component may be 80: 20, 75: 25, 70: 30, 65: 35, 60: 40, 55: 45, 50: 50, 45: 55, 40: 60, 35: 65, 30: 70, 25: 75, 20: 80, or any ratio within this range. In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the first component to the second component is about 50:50.
為了用於地毯，自膨化性雙組分纖維具有30%或更低的加熱後捲曲收縮率值。加熱後捲曲收縮率可以藉由下面實例部分中揭露的捲曲收縮率方法來測量。存在幾種方式可以調整雙組分纖維的兩種組分，以實現所得雙組分纖維中30%或更低的所希望的加熱後捲曲收縮率。一種選擇係調整每種組分相對於另一組分的聚合物特性黏度（IV）。例如，如果雙組分纖維的兩種組分之間的IV差很大，這兩種組分之間就會發生高水平的異收縮，從而導致不適合製備地毯的高捲曲值和纖維拉伸特性。相比之下，如果兩種組分之間的IV差太小，這兩種組分之間就不會發生實質性的收縮差異，從而導致幾乎沒有膨化度。For use in carpets, self-expandable bicomponent fibers have a value of 30% or lower crimp shrinkage after heating. The crimp shrinkage after heating can be measured by the crimp shrinkage method disclosed in the example section below. There are several ways to adjust the two components of the bicomponent fiber to achieve the desired crimp shrinkage after heating of 30% or less in the resulting bicomponent fiber. One option is to adjust the intrinsic viscosity (IV) of the polymer of each component relative to the other component. For example, if the IV difference between the two components of a bicomponent fiber is large, a high level of heterogeneous shrinkage will occur between the two components, resulting in high crimp values and fiber tensile properties that are not suitable for making carpets. . In contrast, if the IV difference between the two components is too small, there will be no substantial difference in shrinkage between the two components, resulting in almost no degree of expansion.
生產具有較佳的捲曲水平的雙組分纖維的另一種方式係改變兩種組分的重量比。如果雙組分纖維含有顯著比例的PTT，則所得纖維可以具有高捲曲值和纖維拉伸。相反，體積比中極低量的PTT可能不會提供足夠的膨化度或加熱後捲曲收縮率以實現所希望的水平。Another way to produce bicomponent fibers with better crimp levels is to vary the weight ratio of the two components. If the bicomponent fiber contains a significant proportion of PTT, the resulting fiber can have high crimp values and fiber stretch. Conversely, a very low amount of PTT in the volume ratio may not provide sufficient expansion or curl shrinkage after heating to achieve the desired level.
生產具有較佳的捲曲水平的雙組分纖維的第三種方式係以固定比（例如PTT和PET的50/50重量比）使用PET/PTT共混物作為一種組分，並且PET作為第二組分。已發現，在一種組分中將PET與PTT共混可以用於單獨改善PTT的高收縮特性。當用包含PTT和PET共混物的一種組分並且第二組分係PET來製造雙組分時，則可以製備具有相等重量比（例如，50/50 w/w組分1與組分2）的纖維，以提供所希望的捲曲水平，即30%或更低的加熱後捲曲收縮率。在一些噴絲板設計中，可能需要製備具有重量比幾乎相等的兩種組分的雙組分纖維，而將PET與PTT共混係實現此結果的一種方式。The third way to produce bicomponent fibers with better crimp levels is to use PET/PTT blends as one component at a fixed ratio (for example, a 50/50 weight ratio of PTT and PET), and PET as the second component. Components. It has been found that blending PET and PTT in one component can be used to improve the high shrinkage characteristics of PTT alone. When using one component of a blend of PTT and PET and the second component is PET to make two components, it can be prepared with an equal weight ratio (for example, 50/50 w/w component 1 and component 2 ) To provide the desired crimp level, that is, 30% or less crimp shrinkage after heating. In some spinneret designs, it may be necessary to prepare bicomponent fibers with almost equal weight ratios of two components, and blending PET and PTT is a way to achieve this result.
可替代地，如本文揭露之有用的雙組分纖維可以藉由改變其中第二組分係PET或co-PET的雙組分纖維的一種組分中PTT/PET共混物的組成來製備。此方法可以用於製備其中可能需要高水平的PET的有用的雙組分纖維。綜上所述，改變聚合物類型、IV、重量比和共混物組成係全部技術，藉由該等技術可以設計自膨化性雙組分纖維，以達到導致產生所希望的地毯膨化度的目標捲曲值。在纖維生產期間改變輥和/或捲繞機的相對速度也可能影響捲曲收縮率。Alternatively, the useful bicomponent fiber as disclosed herein can be prepared by changing the composition of the PTT/PET blend in one component of the bicomponent fiber in which the second component is PET or co-PET. This method can be used to make useful bicomponent fibers where high levels of PET may be required. In summary, changing the polymer type, IV, weight ratio, and blend composition are all technologies. With these technologies, self-expandable bicomponent fibers can be designed to achieve the goal of producing the desired degree of carpet expansion. Curl value. Changing the relative speed of the roll and/or winder during fiber production may also affect the crimp shrinkage.
本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維中PTT的一個好處係與PET相比，它提供了高水平的收縮。相對少量的PTT可以用作自膨化性雙組分纖維的一種組分，以產生具有所希望的膨化度的雙組分纖維。然而，雙組分纖維中太高水平的PTT內含物可能導致拉伸水平過高而不可用於地毯紗線並且將更適合服裝用途。One of the benefits of PTT in self-expandable bicomponent fibers disclosed in this article is that it provides a high level of shrinkage compared to PET. A relatively small amount of PTT can be used as a component of the self-expandable bicomponent fiber to produce a bicomponent fiber with the desired degree of expansion. However, too high levels of PTT inclusions in bicomponent fibers may result in excessive stretch levels that are not usable for carpet yarns and will be more suitable for apparel applications.
可以向一種或兩種聚合物中添加各種添加劑。該等添加劑包括但不限於潤滑劑、成核劑、抗氧化劑、紫外線穩定劑、顏料、染料、抗靜電劑、耐泥土劑、耐沾汙劑、抗菌劑和阻燃劑。Various additives can be added to one or two polymers. Such additives include, but are not limited to, lubricants, nucleating agents, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, pigments, dyes, antistatic agents, soil resistant agents, stain resistant agents, antibacterial agents and flame retardants.
為了用於地毯，本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維可以具有約300至約1400克/旦尼的旦尼。有用的旦尼/長絲可以為約2至約20。For use in carpets, the self-expandable bicomponent fibers disclosed herein may have deniers of about 300 to about 1400 grams per denier. Useful deniers/filaments can range from about 2 to about 20.
在其面纖維包含雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含PET均聚物或coPET的一種組分和PTT或PTT與PET均聚物或coPET的共混物的第二組分，其中該雙組分纖維由於異收縮而為自膨化性的地毯的一個實施方式中，該一種組分包含具有約0.9 dL/g至約1.25 dL/g的特性黏度的PTT且該第二組分包含具有約0.64 dL/g的特性黏度的PET，並且兩種組分的重量比為約50/50。The fiber on its side contains a bicomponent fiber, the bicomponent fiber contains one component of PET homopolymer or coPET and the second component of a blend of PTT or PTT and PET homopolymer or coPET, wherein the bicomponent fiber In one embodiment of a carpet in which the component fiber is self-expanding due to heterogeneous shrinkage, the one component includes PTT having an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.9 dL/g to about 1.25 dL/g, and the second component includes The PET has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 dL/g, and the weight ratio of the two components is about 50/50.
在另一個實施方式中，一種組分包含具有約0.9 dL/g至約1.0 dL/g的特性黏度的PTT且第二組分包含具有約0.5 dL/g的特性黏度的PET，並且兩種組分的重量比為約20/80至約30/70。In another embodiment, one component includes PTT having an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.9 dL/g to about 1.0 dL/g and the second component includes PET having an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.5 dL/g, and the two groups The weight ratio of the components is about 20/80 to about 30/70.
在另一個實施方式中，一種組分包含PTT和co-PET的50/50重量/重量共混物，其中PTT具有約0.9 dL/g至約1.0 dL/g的特性黏度且co-PET具有約0.75 dL/g至約0.85 dL/g的特性黏度，並且第二組分包含具有約0.5 dL/g的特性黏度的PET，並且兩種組分的重量比為約70/30至約30/70。In another embodiment, a component comprises a 50/50 weight/weight blend of PTT and co-PET, wherein PTT has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.9 dL/g to about 1.0 dL/g and co-PET has about The intrinsic viscosity of 0.75 dL/g to about 0.85 dL/g, and the second component contains PET having an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.5 dL/g, and the weight ratio of the two components is about 70/30 to about 30/70 .
在另一個實施方式中，一種組分包含PTT和co-PET的共混物，其中PTT具有約0.9 dL/g至約1.0 dL/g的特性黏度且co-PET具有約0.75 dL/g至約0.85 dL/g的特性黏度，並且其中共混物中PTT和Co-PET的重量比為約10/90至約90/10，並且第二組分包含具有約0.5 dL/g的特性黏度的PET，並且兩種組分的重量比為約50/50。In another embodiment, a component comprises a blend of PTT and co-PET, wherein PTT has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.9 dL/g to about 1.0 dL/g and co-PET has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.75 dL/g to about The intrinsic viscosity of 0.85 dL/g, and the weight ratio of PTT and Co-PET in the blend is about 10/90 to about 90/10, and the second component contains PET with an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.5 dL/g And the weight ratio of the two components is about 50/50.
纖維可以藉由將聚合物以所希望的體積或重量比遞送到噴絲板而製成。雖然可以使用任何常規的多組分紡絲技術，但是用於製備雙組分纖維的示例性紡絲設備和方法描述於Hills的美國專利案號5,162,074中。Fibers can be made by delivering polymers to a spinneret in a desired volume or weight ratio. Although any conventional multicomponent spinning technique can be used, exemplary spinning equipment and methods for preparing bicomponent fibers are described in Hills, U.S. Patent No. 5,162,074.
本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維可以與用於製備地毯的所有其他類型的合成和天然的纖維一起使用。地毯可以藉由機械或手工簇絨化、機織和手工打結製成。實例包括1) 寬幅地毯（也稱為全屋地毯），其中簇絨地毯係以幾米寬的長的連續長度製成的，用於家庭和商業應用；2) 拼塊地毯，其以各種尺寸的正方形生產，以便於安裝；3) 家用小地毯；以及4) 用於車輛和建築物入口的墊子，其設計成在進入建築物之前捕獲腳下泥土。The self-expandable bicomponent fibers disclosed herein can be used with all other types of synthetic and natural fibers used to make carpets. Carpets can be made by mechanical or hand tufting, weaving and hand knotting. Examples include 1) wide-width carpets (also called whole-house carpets), where tufted carpets are made in a continuous length of a few meters wide and are used for household and commercial applications; 2) patch carpets, which come in various sizes Are produced in squares for easy installation; 3) household carpets; and 4) mats for vehicle and building entrances, which are designed to capture the soil under the feet before entering the building.
本領域已知的由纖維製備地毯的任何方法都可以用於製備本文所述之地毯。典型地，本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維可以用於使用其他合成纖維和天然纖維的相同地毯製造方法中。雙組分纖維可以自身用於地毯製造（即作為「單股（singles）」紗線），或與更多相同的雙組分纖維或其他纖維類型（例如尼龍、聚丙烯、聚酯）合股在一起以增加旦尼。視需要，單股和合股的纖維可以在合股之前用空氣射流進行纏結，並且也可以藉由專門設計成使單股和簇絨紗線物理特性熱定型的機器進行熱定型。適合此目的的熱定型機的一個實例係由Superba®（米盧斯，法國（Muhouse, France））製造的。無論雙組分纖維係視需要空氣纏結的、合股的還是熱定型的，該等纖維都可以被簇絨化成地毯工業典型的標準非機織或機織的背襯板。可以切斷簇絨地毯中的面纖維環圈以提供割圈地毯。簇絨化後，常常向地毯背面（即與面纖維相反的一側）施加黏合劑，以將簇絨保持在適當位置。也可以將額外的背襯層添加到地毯背面。黏合劑層可以含有填料或阻燃劑，這取決於具體的地毯最終用途。然後，可以藉由地毯製造工業通用的標準製程對地毯進行染色；可替代地，可以在纖維擠出期間向雙組分纖維和/或伴侶纖維中添加顏料，以對成品織物賦予顏色。另外，可以使用被設計成賦予耐火性、抗靜電特性或耐沾汙和泥土性的材料對面紗線進行處理。常常將成品地毯乾燥以除去染色製程中殘留的水。Any method known in the art for preparing carpets from fibers can be used to prepare the carpets described herein. Typically, the self-expandable bicomponent fibers disclosed herein can be used in the same carpet manufacturing method using other synthetic fibers and natural fibers. Bicomponent fibers can be used in carpet manufacturing by themselves (that is, as "singles" yarns), or be combined with more of the same bicomponent fibers or other fiber types (such as nylon, polypropylene, polyester). Together to increase denim. If necessary, single-stranded and plied fibers can be entangled with air jets prior to plying, and can also be heat-set by machines specifically designed to heat-set the physical properties of single-stranded and tufted yarns. An example of a heat setting machine suitable for this purpose is manufactured by Superba® (Muhouse, France). Regardless of whether the bicomponent fibers are air-entangled, stranded or heat-set as required, these fibers can be tufted into standard non-woven or woven backing panels typical of the carpet industry. The face fiber loops in the tufted carpet can be cut to provide a cut loop carpet. After tufting, adhesives are often applied to the back of the carpet (that is, the side opposite to the face fibers) to keep the tufting in place. It is also possible to add an additional backing layer to the back of the carpet. The adhesive layer can contain fillers or flame retardants, depending on the specific end use of the carpet. The carpet can then be dyed by standard processes commonly used in the carpet manufacturing industry; alternatively, pigments can be added to the bicomponent fibers and/or companion fibers during fiber extrusion to impart color to the finished fabric. In addition, the surface yarn can be treated with materials designed to impart fire resistance, antistatic properties, or stain and earth resistance. The finished carpet is often dried to remove residual water from the dyeing process.
上述製造方法係用於寬幅簇絨地毯的典型方法。工業上已知的對此方法的變體可以用於小地毯、拼塊地毯和車用墊子的生產。The above manufacturing method is a typical method used for wide-width tufted carpets. Variants of this method known in the industry can be used in the production of small carpets, carpet tiles and car mats.
本文揭露之雙組分纖維的一個特徵係藉由將纖維的溫度升高到至少75°C但低於200°C來展現捲曲和膨化度。在視需要的熱定型、染色和乾燥步驟期間，雙組分纖維將在地毯生產的標準過程中經受此溫度範圍。可替代地，可以使地毯經受單獨的加熱步驟以展現膨化度，或可以對雙組分纖維（單股或合股的）進行熱處理以展現膨化度。One feature of the bicomponent fiber disclosed herein is that the temperature of the fiber is raised to at least 75°C but less than 200°C to exhibit crimp and bulkiness. During the optional heat setting, dyeing and drying steps, the bicomponent fibers will withstand this temperature range in the standard process of carpet production. Alternatively, the carpet can be subjected to a separate heating step to exhibit the degree of expansion, or the bicomponent fiber (single or ply) can be heat treated to exhibit the degree of expansion.
包含雙組分纖維的面纖維可以具有圓形或非圓形橫截面，諸如三葉形。它應具有等於或低於30%的加熱後捲曲收縮率。The areal fibers containing bicomponent fibers may have a circular or non-circular cross-section, such as a trilobal shape. It should have a curl shrinkage rate equal to or lower than 30% after heating.
本文揭露之地毯的優點係，因為雙組分纖維由於其異收縮而為自膨化性的，所以不需要對用於製備地毯的紗線進行機械膨化。相比之下，由膨體連續單組分長絲製成的地毯紗線將需要機械膨化，因為它不能發生異收縮。換句話講，藉由使用具有異收縮的雙組分纖維來製備地毯，消除了對連續單組分長絲的機械膨化的步驟。The advantage of the carpet disclosed in this article is that because the bicomponent fiber is self-expandable due to its heterogeneous shrinkage, it is not necessary to mechanically expand the yarn used to make the carpet. In contrast, carpet yarns made from bulked continuous monocomponent filaments will need to be mechanically puffed because it cannot undergo abnormal shrinkage. In other words, by using bicomponent fibers with heterogeneous shrinkage to prepare carpets, the step of mechanical expansion of continuous monocomponent filaments is eliminated.
視需要，其面纖維包含本文揭露之自膨化性雙組分纖維的地毯可以進一步包含至少一種額外纖維。該至少一種額外纖維可與自膨化性雙組分纖維合股在一起以增加旦尼（例如），或可在對地毯進行簇絨化時用作額外地毯紗線。該至少一種額外纖維可以選自膨化性的連續長絲（即單組分長絲）、合成短纖維和天然纖維。在一個實施方式中，該至少一種額外纖維係膨化連續長絲，並且該膨化連續長絲包含尼龍、聚丙烯或聚酯。在另一個實施方式中，該至少一種額外纖維係合成短纖維，並且該合成短纖維包含尼龍或聚酯。在另一個實施方式中，該至少一種額外纖維係天然纖維，並且該天然纖維包含毛、絲或棉。If necessary, the carpet whose face fiber includes the self-expandable bicomponent fiber disclosed herein may further include at least one additional fiber. The at least one additional fiber can be plied with the self-expandable bicomponent fiber to increase denier (for example), or can be used as an additional carpet yarn when tufting the carpet. The at least one additional fiber may be selected from the group consisting of bulky continuous filaments (ie, monocomponent filaments), synthetic staple fibers, and natural fibers. In one embodiment, the at least one additional fiber is an expanded continuous filament, and the expanded continuous filament comprises nylon, polypropylene, or polyester. In another embodiment, the at least one additional fiber is a synthetic staple fiber, and the synthetic staple fiber comprises nylon or polyester. In another embodiment, the at least one additional fiber is a natural fiber, and the natural fiber includes wool, silk, or cotton.
本文揭露之實施方式的非限制性實例包括：Non-limiting examples of implementations disclosed herein include:
1.一種地毯，其面纖維包含雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）或聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)（PTT）與聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)（PET）均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物（co-PET）的共混物的第二組分，其中雙組分纖維由於異收縮而為自膨化性的，與面纖維由經過機械膨化的膨體連續單組分長絲製成的地毯形成對比。1. A carpet, the surface fiber of which contains bicomponent fiber, and the bicomponent fiber contains poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) homopolymer or poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer ( co-PET) and a component of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) or poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) The second component of the blend of homopolymer or poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (co-PET), in which the bicomponent fiber is self-expanding due to the different shrinkage, and the surface fiber is composed of Carpets made of mechanically puffed, continuous, single-component filaments form a contrast.
2.如實施方式1所述之地毯，其中雙組分纖維可以是並列構型或偏心皮芯構型。2. The carpet according to embodiment 1, wherein the bicomponent fiber can be a side-by-side configuration or an eccentric core-sheath configuration.
3.如實施方式1或2所述之地毯，其中雙組分纖維的第一組分和第二組分以80 : 20至20 : 80的重量比存在。3. The carpet according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the first component and the second component of the bicomponent fiber are present in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 20:80.
4.如實施方式1、2或3所述之地毯，其中雙組分纖維的加熱後捲曲收縮率如根據捲曲收縮率方法所確定等於或小於30%。4. The carpet according to embodiment 1, 2 or 3, wherein the crimp shrinkage rate of the bicomponent fiber after heating is equal to or less than 30% as determined by the crimp shrinkage rate method.
5.如實施方式1、2、3或4所述之地毯，其中面纖維進一步包含選自以下的至少一種額外纖維：膨化連續長絲、合成短纖維和天然纖維。5. The carpet of embodiment 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the face fiber further comprises at least one additional fiber selected from the group consisting of expanded continuous filaments, synthetic staple fibers and natural fibers.
6.如實施方式5所述之地毯，其中該至少一種額外纖維係膨化連續長絲，並且該膨化連續長絲包含尼龍、聚丙烯或聚酯。6. The carpet of embodiment 5, wherein the at least one additional fiber is an expanded continuous filament, and the expanded continuous filament comprises nylon, polypropylene or polyester.
7.如實施方式5所述之地毯，其中該至少一種額外纖維係合成短纖維，並且該合成短纖維包含尼龍或聚酯。7. The carpet of embodiment 5, wherein the at least one additional fiber is a synthetic staple fiber, and the synthetic staple fiber comprises nylon or polyester.
8.如實施方式5所述之地毯，其中該至少一種額外纖維係天然纖維，並且該天然纖維包含毛、絲或棉。8. The carpet of embodiment 5, wherein the at least one additional fiber is a natural fiber, and the natural fiber comprises wool, silk or cotton.
9.一種用於製備紗線以生產地毯的改進之方法，該地毯的面纖維包含自膨化性雙組分纖維，該雙組分纖維包含聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物的一種組分以及聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)或聚(對苯二甲酸丙二酯)與聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)均聚物或聚(對苯二甲酸乙二酯)共聚物的共混物的第二組分，該方法包括： a) 在能夠產生兩個或更多個獨立熔體流的紡絲機上擠出兩種組分； b) 在適合製備雙組分纖維的噴絲板中合併熔體流； c) 在空氣中淬火步驟 (b) 中產生的自膨化性雙組分纖維； d) 對自膨化性雙組分纖維進行拉伸和熱定型；以及 e) 藉由適合的手段捲繞自膨化性雙組分纖維以用於後續加工成地毯， 其中自膨化性雙組分纖維消除了對機械膨化步驟的需要。9. An improved method for preparing yarns to produce carpets, the surface fibers of the carpets comprising self-expanding bicomponent fibers, the bicomponent fibers comprising poly(ethylene terephthalate) homopolymer or A component of poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer and both poly(trimethylene terephthalate) or poly(trimethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) The second component of a blend of polymers or poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers, the method comprising: a) Extruding two components on a spinning machine capable of producing two or more independent melt streams; b) Combine the melt flow in a spinneret suitable for the preparation of bicomponent fibers; c) Self-expandable bicomponent fibers produced in the air quenching step (b); d) Stretching and heat setting the self-expanding bicomponent fiber; and e) Winding self-expanding bicomponent fibers by suitable means for subsequent processing into carpets, Among them, the self-expanding bicomponent fiber eliminates the need for a mechanical expansion step.
10.如實施方式9所述之改進之方法，其中雙組分纖維可以是並列構型或偏心皮芯構型。10. The improved method as described in embodiment 9, wherein the bicomponent fiber can be a side-by-side configuration or an eccentric sheath-core configuration.
11.如實施方式9或10所述之改進之方法，其中雙組分纖維的第一組分和第二組分以80 : 20至20 : 80的重量比存在。11. The improved method according to the embodiment 9 or 10, wherein the first component and the second component of the bicomponent fiber are present in a weight ratio of 80:20 to 20:80.
12.如實施方式9、10或11所述之改進之方法，其中雙組分纖維的加熱後捲曲收縮率如根據捲曲收縮率方法所確定等於或小於30%。實例 12. The improved method according to embodiment 9, 10 or 11, wherein the crimp shrinkage rate of the bicomponent fiber after heating is equal to or less than 30% as determined by the crimp shrinkage rate method. Instance
本揭露在下面的實例中進一步定義。應當理解，該等實例儘管說明了某些實施方式，但僅以示例的方式給出。從以上的討論和該實例中，熟悉該項技術者能夠確定本揭露的本質特徵，並且在不脫離本揭露之實質和範圍情況下，可進行各種變化和修改以使其適應各種用途和條件。This disclosure is further defined in the following examples. It should be understood that although these examples illustrate certain implementations, they are only given as examples. From the above discussion and this example, those skilled in the art can determine the essential features of this disclosure, and without departing from the essence and scope of this disclosure, can make various changes and modifications to adapt it to various uses and conditions.
如本文所用，「Comp.Ex.」意指對比實例；「Ex.」意指實例；「No.」意指編號；「%」意指百分比或百分率；「wt%」意指重量百分比；「IV」意指特性黏度；「dL/g」係分升/克；「g」係克；「mg」係毫克；「°C」意指攝氏度；「o F」意指華氏度；「temp」意指溫度；「min」係分鐘；「h」係小時；「sec」係秒；「lb」係磅；「kg」係千克；「mm」係毫米；「m」係米；「gpl」係克/升；「m/min」係米/分鐘；「mol」係莫耳；「kg」係千克；「ppm」係百萬分率；「wt」係重量；「dpf」係旦尼/長絲；「gpd」或「g/d」係克/旦尼；「dtex」意指分特克斯；「dN/tex」意指分牛頓/特克斯；「mL」意指毫升；「IV」意指特性黏度； 除非另外指出，否則所有的材料按原樣使用。 加熱後捲曲收縮率的測量（% CCa）-捲曲收縮率方法As used herein, "Comp.Ex." means a comparative example; "Ex." means an example; "No." means a number; "%" means a percentage or percentage; "wt%" means a weight percentage; “IV” means intrinsic viscosity; “dL/g” means deciliter/gram; “g” means grams; “mg” means milligrams; “°C” means Celsius; “ o F” means Fahrenheit; “temp” Means temperature; "min" means minutes; "h" means hours; "sec" means seconds; "lb" means pounds; "kg" means kilograms; "mm" means millimeters; "m" means meters; "gpl" means Grams/liter; "m/min" refers to meters/minute; "mol" refers to moles; "kg" refers to kilograms; "ppm" refers to parts per million; "wt" refers to weight; "dpf" refers to denier/length Silk; "gpd" or "g/d" means grams/denies; "dtex" means decitex; "dN/tex" means cent Newton/tex; "mL" means milliliter; "IV "Means intrinsic viscosity; unless otherwise specified, all materials are used as is. Measurement of crimp shrinkage after heating (% CCa)-crimp shrinkage method
根據本文所述之方法確定加熱後捲曲收縮率（Cca）值。在約0.1 gpd（0.09 dN/tex）的張力下利用搖紗絞機，將每個實例和對比實例的纖維獨立地形成為約5000 +/- 5總旦尼（5550 dtex）的絞紗。然後，藉由將絞紗對折使絞紗的長度減半，以便適應熱定型所用的烘箱內部。將折疊的絞紗在其中間部分處懸掛在鉤子上，並在70 +/- 1°F （21 +/- 1°C）和65 +/- 2%的相對濕度下調節至少16小時。然後，將折疊的絞紗在其中間部分處由鉤子基本垂直懸掛在架子上，並且將1.5 mg/den（1.35 mg/dtex）的砝碼通過折疊的絞紗的兩個環圈懸掛在絞紗的底部。然後，將加重的絞紗在250°F（121°C）的烘箱中加熱5 min，之後將架子和絞紗移出並使其冷卻5分鐘，然後將其在70°F +/- 1°F（21 +/- 1°C）和65% +/- 2%的相對濕度條件下調節至少2小時，其中將1.5 mg/den的砝碼留在絞紗上以用於剩下的測試。將絞紗的長度測量到1 mm內，並記錄為「Ca」。接著，從絞紗的底部懸掛1000 g的砝碼，使其達到平衡，並且在1 mm內測量絞紗的長度，並記錄為「La」。根據以下公式計算加熱後捲曲收縮率「CCa」值（%）： %CCa = 100x (La-Ca)/La 特性黏度的確定Determine the value of crimp shrinkage (Cca) after heating according to the method described in this article. Under a tension of about 0.1 gpd (0.09 dN/tex), the fiber of each example and comparative example was independently formed into a skein of about 5000 +/- 5 total denier (5550 dtex) using a spinning skein machine. Then, by folding the skein in half, the length of the skein is halved to fit inside the oven for heat setting. Hang the folded skein on the hook at its middle part and adjust it for at least 16 hours at 70 +/- 1°F (21 +/- 1°C) and 65 +/- 2% relative humidity. Then, the folded skein is hung on the rack substantially vertically by a hook at its middle part, and a weight of 1.5 mg/den (1.35 mg/dtex) is suspended on the skein through two loops of the folded skein bottom of. Then, heat the weighted skein in an oven at 250°F (121°C) for 5 minutes, after which the rack and skein are removed and allowed to cool for 5 minutes, and then placed at 70°F +/- 1°F (21 +/- 1°C) and 65% +/- 2% relative humidity for at least 2 hours, in which a 1.5 mg/den weight is left on the skein for the rest of the test. Measure the length of the skein to within 1 mm and record it as "Ca". Next, hang a 1000 g weight from the bottom of the skein to balance it, and measure the length of the skein within 1 mm and record it as "La". Calculate the "CCa" value (%) of the crimp shrinkage rate after heating according to the following formula: %CCa = 100x (La-Ca)/La Determination of intrinsic viscosity
特性黏度（IV）使用Viscoteck Y 501C強制流動黏度計（美國德克薩斯州休士頓的瑪律文公司（Malvern Corporation, Houston Texas, USA））進行確定。將0.15 g樣品稱取到含有30 mL溶劑（苯酚/1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷（60/40重量百分比））和攪拌棒的40 mL玻璃瓶中。然後將樣品放入100°C預熱的加熱模組（heat block）中，加熱並攪拌30分鐘，從模組中移出並冷卻30至45分鐘，之後放入黏度計的自動進樣器架中。然後藉由ASTM法D5225-92（Standard Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymer With A Differential Viscometer [用差示黏度計測量聚合物溶液黏度的標準測試法]）對樣品進行分析。 聚合物的製備Intrinsic viscosity (IV) was determined using a Viscoteck Y 501C forced flow viscometer (Malvern Corporation, Houston Texas, USA). Weigh 0.15 g sample into a 40 mL glass bottle containing 30 mL solvent (phenol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (60/40 weight percent)) and a stir bar. Then put the sample in a heat block preheated at 100°C, heat and stir for 30 minutes, remove from the module and cool for 30 to 45 minutes, and then put it into the autosampler rack of the viscometer . The samples were then analyzed by ASTM method D5225-92 (Standard Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymer With A Differential Viscometer [Standard Test Method for Measuring Solution Viscosity of Polymer With A Differential Viscometer]). Preparation of polymers
從美國德拉瓦州威明頓的杜邦公司（E. I du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware USA）獲得兩個等級的PTT均聚物顆粒。一個等級具有1.02 dL/g的IV，第二等級具有0.96 dL/g的IV。從中國上海的中國石化上海石油化工股份有限公司（Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical Company, Ltd. Shanghai, PRC）獲得PET均聚物顆粒，並且其具有0.50 dl/g的IV。從杜邦Crystar®獲得PET均聚物顆粒並且其具有0.64 dl/g的IV。從美國新澤西州利文斯頓的南亞塑膠工業股份有限公司（NanYa Plastics Corporation, Livingston New Jersey, USA）獲得具有0.82 dl/g的IV的Co-PET共聚物（含有1.9莫耳%的間苯二甲酸）顆粒。Two grades of PTT homopolymer particles were obtained from E. I du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware USA. One grade has an IV of 1.02 dL/g, and the second grade has an IV of 0.96 dL/g. PET homopolymer particles were obtained from Sinopec Shanghai Petrochemical Company, Ltd. Shanghai (PRC) in Shanghai, China, and they had an IV of 0.50 dl/g. PET homopolymer particles were obtained from DuPont Crystar® and they had an IV of 0.64 dl/g. Obtained from NanYa Plastics Corporation, Livingston New Jersey, USA, a Co-PET copolymer with an IV of 0.82 dl/g (containing 1.9 mol% isophthalic acid) ) Particles.
擠出之前由0.96 IV PTT顆粒和0.82 IV PET共聚物顆粒的物理共混物（「鹽和胡椒」（S&P）共混物）製成聚合物共混物組成物。在紡絲期間，將該等顆粒共混物在擠出製程過程中緊密混合。可替代地，在一些實例中，將PTT和PET共聚物顆粒用雙螺桿擠出機混配，造粒並在紡絲期間直接使用，而無需製備鹽和胡椒共混物。Before extrusion, a physical blend of 0.96 IV PTT particles and 0.82 IV PET copolymer particles ("Salt and Pepper" (S&P) blend) was used to make a polymer blend composition. During spinning, the particle blends are intimately mixed during the extrusion process. Alternatively, in some examples, PTT and PET copolymer pellets are compounded with a twin-screw extruder, pelletized and used directly during spinning, without the need to prepare a salt and pepper blend.
在準備進行熔體紡絲時，將顆粒在25英吋汞真空和120°C溫度下的真空烘箱中、氮氣下乾燥15小時。將經乾燥的顆粒直接轉移到紡絲機的氮氣吹掃的進料斗。 纖維的製備In preparation for melt spinning, the pellets were dried for 15 hours in a vacuum oven at a temperature of 120°C and a 25-inch mercury vacuum under nitrogen. The dried pellets are directly transferred to the nitrogen-purged feed hopper of the spinning machine. Fiber preparation
將雙組分纖維的兩種組分使用通常適用於並列和偏心皮/芯雙組分纖維的紡絲的製程和設備進行熔體紡絲，例如，如美國專利案號6,641,916 B1、美國專利案號6,803,102和美國專利案號7,615,173 B2中所揭露，該等專利藉由引用併入本文。The two components of bicomponent fibers are melt-spinned using processes and equipment that are generally suitable for spinning side-by-side and eccentric sheath/core bicomponent fibers, for example, such as US Patent No. 6,641,916 B1, and US Patent Cases. It is disclosed in No. 6,803,102 and US Patent No. 7,615,173 B2, which are incorporated herein by reference.
在對實例的雙組分纖維進行紡絲時，將聚合物在一對維爾納和普夫萊德雷爾（Werner & Pfleiderer）共旋轉28 mm雙螺桿擠出機中熔融，該雙螺桿擠出機具有0.5至40磅/小時（0.23至18.1千克/小時）的容量。一台擠出機（本文中稱為East擠出機）用於熔融PET均聚物（0.50 IV和0.64 IV）顆粒，並且第二擠出機（本文中稱為West擠出機）用於熔融1) 單獨的PTT顆粒；2) PTT顆粒和co-PET共聚顆粒的鹽和胡椒（「S&P」）共混物；或3) 混配的PTT/co-PET顆粒。實例中列出了West擠出機、紡絲模組（spinning block）和East擠出機的溫度。每台擠出機向含有凹形噴絲板的紡絲模組進料。所使用的噴絲板係後聚結、並列雙組分噴絲板，其具有排列成圓圈的三十四對毛細管，每對毛細管之間的內角為30度，毛細管直徑為0.64 mm，並且毛細管長度為4.24 mm。When spinning the bicomponent fiber of the example, the polymer was melted in a pair of Werner & Pfleiderer (Werner & Pfleiderer) co-rotating 28 mm twin-screw extruder. The twin-screw extruded The machine has a capacity of 0.5 to 40 pounds/hour (0.23 to 18.1 kg/hour). One extruder (referred to as East extruder in this article) is used to melt PET homopolymer (0.50 IV and 0.64 IV) pellets, and a second extruder (referred to in this article as West extruder) is used for melting 1) Individual PTT particles; 2) Salt and pepper ("S&P") blends of PTT particles and co-PET copolymer particles; or 3) Mixed PTT/co-PET particles. The temperature of the West extruder, spinning block (spinning block) and East extruder are listed in the examples. Each extruder feeds a spinning module containing a concave spinneret. The spinneret used is a two-component spinneret after coalescence and side-by-side, which has thirty-four pairs of capillaries arranged in a circle, the internal angle between each pair of capillaries is 30 degrees, and the capillary diameter is 0.64 mm, and The capillary length is 4.24 mm.
使離開噴絲板的雙組分長絲在標稱上20°C和0.5 mm/s面速度下藉由叉流式淬滅空氣進行冷卻。然後將長絲推進到雙進料輥，該雙進料輥根據拉伸比，以約800至1200米/分鐘運行。在噴絲板與進料輥之間，使用整理劑施塗器向長絲束施塗潤滑劑。為了影響拉伸，典型地將進料輥加熱到70°C。然後將長絲束加速到退火輥，該退火輥根據所希望的拉伸比，以約3000至3600 m/min的速度運行，並且退火輥溫度典型地為170°C。然後將經退火的雙組分纖維推進到在室溫下運行的兩組雙鬆弛（letdown）輥，之後在Barmag SW6 600捲繞機上捲繞。纖維具有雪人（橢園形（oblong））橫截面形狀。實例 1 PTT 特性黏度（ IV ）的變化 The bicomponent filament leaving the spinneret is cooled by cross-flow quenching air at a nominal 20°C and a surface velocity of 0.5 mm/s. The filaments are then advanced to double feed rolls, which run at about 800 to 1200 meters per minute depending on the draw ratio. Between the spinneret and the feed roller, a finish applicator is used to apply lubricant to the filament bundle. In order to affect the stretching, the feed roll is typically heated to 70°C. The filament bundle is then accelerated to an annealing roll, which runs at a speed of about 3000 to 3600 m/min, depending on the desired draw ratio, and the annealing roll temperature is typically 170°C. The annealed bicomponent fiber was then advanced to two sets of double letdown rolls operating at room temperature before being wound on a Barmag SW6 600 winder. The fiber has a snowman (oblong) cross-sectional shape. Example 1 Change of PTT intrinsic viscosity ( IV)
實例1示出了使用具有不同IV的PTT顆粒來生產具有所希望的加熱後捲曲收縮率（CCa）值的雙組分纖維。用於製備纖維的PTT顆粒的IV為1.25 dl/g (1a) 或1.02 dl/g (1b)。兩種情況下PET顆粒的IV都為0.64 dl/g。對於每個實例，PTT與PET的重量比為50/50。實例1-a係115旦尼34長絲纖維。實例1-b係75旦尼34長絲纖維。
[表1].實例1a和1b的製程條件和捲曲收縮率
實例2示出了改變雙組分纖維中PTT和PET組分的重量比如何改變加熱後捲曲收縮率（CCa）。雙組分纖維係75旦尼，34長絲。在表2中，對比實例A、B和C展示出高CCa水平，即高於30%，並且更適合於需要拉伸和恢復的服裝產品。實例2a、2b和2c示出了導致產生具有30%或更低的加熱後捲曲收縮率的高膨化度雙組分纖維的製程條件，該纖維適用於製備地毯。對於對比實例A，捲繞機速度係3495 m/min；並且對於對比實例B和C以及實例2a、2b和2c，捲繞機速度為3500 m/min。
[表2].對比實例A、B和C以及實例2a、2b和2c的製程條件和捲曲收縮率
表3示出了如何用PTT和co-PET的50/50共混物製備雙組分的一種組分，以及如何由PET製備第二組分。在實例3a至3e中，將0.96 IV dl/g PTT顆粒和0.82 IV dl/g co-PET顆粒的50/50重量百分比「鹽和胡椒」共混物混合在一起，直到顆粒被隨機分散。乾燥後，將顆粒混合物進料到West擠出機中。將乾燥的0.50 IV PET均聚物顆粒進料到East擠出機中。然後用包含如上所述之PTT/co-PET的50/50重量共混物的第一組分和係PET的第二組分製備雙組分纖維，其中兩種組分之間的重量比有所變化。例如，實例3a以第一組分（即50/50的PTT/co-PET共混物）和第二組分（即PET）之間70/30重量比製備。在表3中的剩餘實例中，聚合物保持不變且只改變兩種組分之間的重量比。對於所有該等實例，捲繞機速度為3500 m/min。
[表3].實例3 製程條件和獲得的捲曲收縮率
表4示出了如何用PTT和co-PET共混物製備雙組分的一種組分，以及如何由PET製備第二組分。與表3相比，表4中所示的實例顯示了在保持兩種組分之間恒定的50/50重量比的同時改變第一組分內的PTT與co-PET共混比的效果。在表4中，藉由改變0.96 IV dl/g PTT和0.82 IV dl/g co-PET的「鹽和胡椒共混物」（「S&P」）中的顆粒比來製備實例4a至4d和實例4f至4g以及對比實例D。將顆粒混合在一起，直到被隨機分散。乾燥後，將顆粒混合物進料到West擠出機中。將乾燥的0.50 IV PET均聚物顆粒進料到East擠出機中。然後用包含如上所述之PTT/co-PET共混物的第一組分和包含PET的第二成員製備雙組分纖維，其中兩種成員之間的重量比固定在50/50。例如，在實例4a中，雙組分的第一組分由10/90共混比的PTT/co-PET製成，並且雙組分的第二組分由PET製成。兩種組分之間的重量比為50/50。在實例4-e中，PTT和co-PET顆粒在雙螺桿擠出機中預混配、淬滅、造粒並在使用前重新乾燥。這與實例4d形成對比，在實例4d中組分由鹽和胡椒共混物製成。還應注意的是，對比實例D含有較高的加熱後捲曲收縮率值，%CCa = 43.1，更適合於服裝織物的高拉伸水平。Table 4 shows how to prepare one component of the two-component blend of PTT and co-PET, and how to prepare the second component from PET. Compared with Table 3, the example shown in Table 4 shows the effect of changing the blend ratio of PTT to co-PET in the first component while maintaining a constant 50/50 weight ratio between the two components. In Table 4, Examples 4a to 4d and Example 4f were prepared by changing the particle ratio in the "Salt and Pepper Blend" ("S&P") of 0.96 IV dl/g PTT and 0.82 IV dl/g co-PET To 4g and Comparative Example D. Mix the particles together until they are randomly dispersed. After drying, the pellet mixture was fed into the West extruder. The dried 0.50 IV PET homopolymer pellets were fed into the East extruder. Then a bicomponent fiber is prepared with the first component comprising the PTT/co-PET blend as described above and the second component comprising PET, wherein the weight ratio between the two members is fixed at 50/50. For example, in Example 4a, the first component of the two-component is made of PTT/co-PET with a blend ratio of 10/90, and the second component of the two-component is made of PET. The weight ratio between the two components is 50/50. In Example 4-e, PTT and co-PET pellets were pre-mixed in a twin screw extruder, quenched, pelletized and re-dried before use. This is in contrast to Example 4d, where the components are made from a blend of salt and pepper. It should also be noted that Comparative Example D contains a higher value of crimp shrinkage after heating, %CCa = 43.1, which is more suitable for high stretch levels of clothing fabrics.
對於實例4-a，捲繞機速度為3475 m/min；對於實例4-b、4-c、4-d、4-e、4-f、4-g和對比實例D，捲繞機速度為3500 m/min。
[表4].實例4a至4g和對比實例D的製程條件和捲曲收縮率
可以使用上面實例2a中所述之聚合物、聚合物IV和纖維重量比，以1200旦尼-120長絲（10 dpf）紡絲出包含自膨化性雙組分纖維的地毯。與實例2a相比，該等雙組分纖維將具有更高的旦尼和長絲數量。將調整紡絲速度（即拉伸比），使得所得纖維具有30%或更低的加熱後捲曲收縮率。如此製成的雙組分纖維可以在標準加撚設備上與同一類型的第二雙組分纖維進行合股。加撚後，可以藉由Superba®熱定型設備對纖維進行加工，該設備將使雙組分纖維捲曲充分展現並使合股的紗線中的撚度定型。然後，可以將熱定型的雙組分紗線在標準地毯簇絨機上與其他相同組成的熱定型紗線一起簇絨化成非機織的聚丙烯背襯，以得到完全由熱定型的、合股的雙組分紗線組成的簇絨織物。然後，可以在地毯工業使用的標準加工設備上對簇絨織物進行加工，以在地毯的背面施加乳膠配製物，該乳膠配製物將簇絨面纖維鎖定在機織的地毯背襯中。然後將施加二次背襯以保護地毯的底面。坯布（未乾燥的）地毯可以在標準的連續染色設備上進行加工，並且然後在連續烘箱中乾燥以除去水分。然後將成品地毯卷到大管上用於現場安裝。實例 6 使用如實例 2a 中的自膨化性雙組分纖維生產地毯 The polymer, polymer IV, and fiber weight ratio described in Example 2a above can be used to spin 1200 denier-120 filaments (10 dpf) to produce carpets containing self-expandable bicomponent fibers. Compared to Example 2a, these bicomponent fibers will have higher denier and filament counts. The spinning speed (ie, draw ratio) will be adjusted so that the resulting fiber has a crimp shrinkage after heating of 30% or less. The bicomponent fiber thus produced can be plied with a second bicomponent fiber of the same type on standard twisting equipment. After twisting, the fiber can be processed by the Superba® heat setting equipment, which will fully display the bicomponent fiber crimp and set the twist in the twisted yarn. Then, the heat-set bi-component yarn can be tufted together with other heat-set yarns of the same composition on a standard carpet tufting machine into a non-woven polypropylene backing to obtain a fully heat-set, plied Tufted fabric composed of bi-component yarns. The tufted fabric can then be processed on standard processing equipment used in the carpet industry to apply a latex formulation to the back of the carpet that locks the tufted face fibers in the woven carpet backing. A secondary backing will then be applied to protect the underside of the carpet. Grey fabric (undried) carpet can be processed on standard continuous dyeing equipment and then dried in a continuous oven to remove moisture. Then roll the finished carpet onto a big tube for on-site installation. Example 6: Production of carpet using self-expandable bicomponent fiber as in Example 2a
可以使用上面實例2a中所述之聚合物、聚合物IV和纖維重量比，以1200旦尼-120長絲（10 dpf）紡絲出包含自膨化性雙組分纖維的地毯。選擇噴絲孔來製作並列的三葉形橫截面，儘管可以選擇對地毯製造有用的任何其他橫截面形狀。該等雙組分纖維將具有與實例2a相比更高的旦尼和長絲數量以及三葉形橫截面形狀。將調整紡絲速度（即拉伸比），使得所得纖維具有30%或更低的加熱後捲曲收縮率。如此製成的雙組分纖維可以在標準加撚設備上與同一類型的第二雙組分纖維進行合股。加撚後，可以藉由Superba®熱定型設備對纖維進行加工，該設備將使雙組分纖維捲曲充分展現並使合股的紗線中的撚度定型。然後，可以將熱定型的雙組分紗線在標準地毯簇絨機上與其他相同組成的熱定型紗線一起簇絨化成非機織的聚丙烯背襯，以得到完全由熱定型的、合股的雙組分紗線組成的簇絨織物。然後，可以在地毯工業使用的標準加工設備上對簇絨織物進行加工，以在地毯的背面施加乳膠配製物，該乳膠配製物將簇絨面纖維鎖定在機織的地毯背襯中。然後將施加二次背襯以保護地毯的底面。坯布（未乾燥的）地毯可以在標準的連續染色設備上進行加工，並且然後在連續烘箱中乾燥以除去水分。然後將成品地毯卷到大管上用於現場安裝。The polymer, polymer IV, and fiber weight ratio described in Example 2a above can be used to spin 1200 denier-120 filaments (10 dpf) to produce carpets containing self-expandable bicomponent fibers. The spinneret holes are selected to make side-by-side trilobal cross-sections, although any other cross-sectional shape useful for carpet manufacturing can be selected. These bicomponent fibers will have a higher denier and filament count and trilobal cross-sectional shape compared to Example 2a. The spinning speed (ie, draw ratio) will be adjusted so that the resulting fiber has a crimp shrinkage after heating of 30% or less. The bicomponent fiber thus produced can be plied with a second bicomponent fiber of the same type on standard twisting equipment. After twisting, the fiber can be processed by the Superba® heat setting equipment, which will fully reveal the crimp of the bicomponent fiber and set the twist in the twisted yarn. Then, the heat-set bi-component yarn can be tufted together with other heat-set yarns of the same composition on a standard carpet tufting machine into a non-woven polypropylene backing to obtain a fully heat-set, plied Tufted fabric composed of bi-component yarns. The tufted fabric can then be processed on standard processing equipment used in the carpet industry to apply a latex formulation to the back of the carpet that locks the tufted face fibers in the woven carpet backing. A secondary backing will then be applied to protect the underside of the carpet. Grey fabric (undried) carpet can be processed on standard continuous dyeing equipment and then dried in a continuous oven to remove moisture. Then roll the finished carpet onto a big tube for on-site installation.
無without
無without
無without
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201962946091P | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | |
| US62/946091 | 2019-12-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW202129105A true TW202129105A (en) | 2021-08-01 |
Family
ID=74004166
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW109143177A TW202129105A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2020-12-08 | Carpet made from self-bulking ptt-containing bicomponent fibers |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20220290367A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP4073301A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2023506733A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20220104699A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114787433A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2020402757A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112022007903A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA3152951A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2022006779A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW202129105A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021118985A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023242677A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | Aladdin Manufacturing Corporation | Melt spun bicomponent filament and method for manufacturing a melt spun bicomponent filament |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3917784A (en) * | 1972-08-15 | 1975-11-04 | Kanebo Ltd | Method for producing pile fabrics having excellent appearance and properties |
| JPS5994619A (en) * | 1982-11-18 | 1984-05-31 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Polyester multifilament yarn having latent crimp with different phase |
| US5162074A (en) | 1987-10-02 | 1992-11-10 | Basf Corporation | Method of making plural component fibers |
| TW288052B (en) | 1994-06-30 | 1996-10-11 | Du Pont | |
| US6113825A (en) | 1995-05-08 | 2000-09-05 | Shell Oil Company | Process for preparing poly(trimethylene terephthalate) carpet yarn |
| US5958548A (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1999-09-28 | Nyltec Inc. | Carpet tufted with bulked continuous filament carpet face yarns utilizing new sheathed core filaments and related selection techniques to produce cost savings |
| WO1999019557A1 (en) | 1997-10-14 | 1999-04-22 | Interface, Inc. | Floor covering with woven face |
| US6158204A (en) | 1997-12-05 | 2000-12-12 | Basf Corporation | Self-setting yarn |
| US6109015A (en) | 1998-04-09 | 2000-08-29 | Prisma Fibers, Inc. | Process for making poly(trimethylene terephthalate) yarn |
| US6803102B1 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2004-10-12 | Hills, Inc. | Spinneret hole configuration for preventing bending of bicomponent extrudate |
| US6576340B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2003-06-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acid dyeable polyester compositions |
| WO2001092612A1 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-06 | Hills, Inc. | Self-crimping multicomponent polymer fibers and corresponding methods of manufacture |
| US6740276B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2004-05-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing pigmented shaped articles comprising poly (trimethylene terephthalate) |
| US6723799B2 (en) | 2001-08-24 | 2004-04-20 | E I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acid-dyeable polymer compositions |
| US6641916B1 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2003-11-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bicomponent fibers |
| AU2003302496A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2004-06-23 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for preparing bicomponent fibers having latent crimp |
| JP2005105497A (en) * | 2003-10-02 | 2005-04-21 | Solotex Corp | Twisted yarn and method for producing the same |
| US7790282B2 (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2010-09-07 | Reliance Industries, Ltd. | Self-crimping fully drawn high bulky yarns and method of producing thereof |
| JP2009072257A (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-04-09 | Toray Ind Inc | Carpet |
-
2020
- 2020-12-08 TW TW109143177A patent/TW202129105A/en unknown
- 2020-12-08 KR KR1020227016231A patent/KR20220104699A/en unknown
- 2020-12-08 AU AU2020402757A patent/AU2020402757A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-08 EP EP20829263.1A patent/EP4073301A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202080085235.9A patent/CN114787433A/en active Pending
- 2020-12-08 JP JP2022535061A patent/JP2023506733A/en active Pending
- 2020-12-08 US US17/635,873 patent/US20220290367A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-08 MX MX2022006779A patent/MX2022006779A/en unknown
- 2020-12-08 WO PCT/US2020/063758 patent/WO2021118985A1/en unknown
- 2020-12-08 BR BR112022007903A patent/BR112022007903A2/en unknown
- 2020-12-08 CA CA3152951A patent/CA3152951A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA3152951A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| MX2022006779A (en) | 2022-07-11 |
| CN114787433A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
| AU2020402757A1 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
| EP4073301A1 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
| KR20220104699A (en) | 2022-07-26 |
| JP2023506733A (en) | 2023-02-20 |
| WO2021118985A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
| BR112022007903A2 (en) | 2022-07-12 |
| US20220290367A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6923925B2 (en) | Process of making poly (trimethylene dicarboxylate) fibers | |
| US6458455B1 (en) | Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) tetrachannel cross-section staple fiber | |
| US6921803B2 (en) | Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fibers, their manufacture and use | |
| EP0706586B1 (en) | Multifilament yarn comprising filaments of bilobal cross section, carpets prepared therefrom having a silk-like luster and soft hand and spinneret | |
| US7029611B2 (en) | Process of making poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bulked continuous filament carpet yarn | |
| TW202129105A (en) | Carpet made from self-bulking ptt-containing bicomponent fibers | |
| US20230257909A1 (en) | A method to make bicomponent fibers and articles comprising the same | |
| US20120009418A1 (en) | Poly(trimethylene arylate) fibers, process for preparing, and fabric prepared therefrom | |
| JP5964437B2 (en) | Poly (trimethylene arylate) fiber, method for making the same, and fabric made therefrom | |
| JP4571095B2 (en) | Original polylactic acid false twisted yarn, method for producing the same, and carpet | |
| JP2014526621A (en) | Poly (trimethylene arylate) fiber, method for making the same, and fabric made therefrom | |
| EP1518948B1 (en) | Multilobal polymer filaments and articles produced therefrom | |
| WO2002018684A1 (en) | Process for making poly (trimethylene terephthalate) yarn |