TW202115392A - Device for detecting moisture content of cereals and grains wherein a moisture content sensor adopting frequency or time domain reflectometry is provided with a wide measurement range of moisture content, high measurement accuracy and short measurement time - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for detecting moisture content of cereals and grains comprises a base unit, a loading unit, a container, a compaction unit, a mounting seat unit and a moisture content sensor. The base unit has a test platform. The loading unit includes a positioning seat that can move relative to the test platform. The container is detachably arranged on the positioning seat and suitable for receiving the cereals and grains. The container has at least one test hole. The compaction unit includes a flattener that faces the test platform and extends into the container for pressing the cereals and grains. The moisture content sensor is detachably disposed on the mounting seat unit and has at least one test bar facing the test hole of the container. The moisture content sensor measures the moisture content of the cereals and grains by using the frequency domain reflectometry or the time domain reflectometry. The flattener moves toward the container along a longitudinal direction, and the loading unit includes a force sensor that is opposite to the container in the longitudinal direction and connected to the positioning seat and a moveable mechanism of the loading unit. The force sensor is used to measure the pressure exerted by the flattener on the cereals and grains. The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and grains further comprises a control unit electrically connected to the loading unit, a lifting mechanism of the compaction unit, and a moisture content sensor for controlling the moveable mechanism and the lifting mechanism. Therefore, the moisture content sensor is provided with a wide measurement range of moisture content, high measurement accuracy, short measurement time and low energy consumption. In addition, with the present invention, the moveable mechanism is used to drive the positioning seat to move so that the container can be automatically moved to the position to be measured without manually correcting the position of the container thereby significantly simplifying the operation.

Description

穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置Device for detecting moisture content of cereals

本發明是有關於一種用電之方法測試或分析材料，特別是指一種穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置。The present invention relates to a method for testing or analyzing materials by using electricity, in particular to a device for detecting moisture content of cereals.

穀物含水率是檢視穀物貯存環境是否良好的重要關鍵，當貯存穀物的含水率位於安全範圍內，微生物、昆蟲、黴菌等有害生物均無法活動，且穀物的化學活性也處於安定狀態，能夠延長貯存期限。而穀物含水率是是決定穀物在市場銷售價格的一項重要指標，因此，穀物含水率的量測極為重要。Grain moisture content is an important key to check whether the grain storage environment is good. When the moisture content of stored grains is within a safe range, harmful organisms such as microorganisms, insects, and molds cannot move, and the chemical activity of grains is also in a stable state, which can extend storage the term. Grain moisture content is an important indicator that determines the price of grains sold in the market. Therefore, the measurement of grain moisture content is extremely important.

現有的穀物含水率量測設備包括紅外線水分儀、微波水分儀、電阻式水分儀、電容水分儀等等。相較其他類型的水分儀，紅外線水分儀的量測精準度較高，但由於量測時間較長，耗時又耗能。而微波水分儀、電阻式水分儀及電容水分儀的量測時間雖然較短，但量測精準度卻不高，且適用的量測範圍僅限於含水率為30%以下的穀物，量測範圍受到限制。The existing grain moisture content measurement equipment includes infrared moisture meter, microwave moisture meter, resistance moisture meter, capacitance moisture meter and so on. Compared with other types of moisture meters, infrared moisture meters have higher measurement accuracy, but they are time-consuming and energy-consuming due to the longer measurement time. Although the measurement time of the microwave moisture meter, resistance moisture meter and capacitance moisture meter is relatively short, the measurement accuracy is not high, and the applicable measurement range is limited to grains with a moisture content of less than 30%. restricted.

因此，本發明的目的，即在提供一種量測範圍較廣、精準度高、量測時間短且便於操作的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置。Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a moisture content detection device for cereals with wide measurement range, high accuracy, short measurement time and easy operation.

於是，本發明穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，包含一基座單元、一載物單元、一容器、一壓實單元、一安裝座單元及一含水率感測器。Therefore, the device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains of the present invention includes a base unit, a loading unit, a container, a compaction unit, a mounting seat unit, and a moisture content sensor.

該基座單元具有一測試平台。該載物單元安裝於該基座單元，該載物單元包括一定位座，及一用來驅動該定位座相對於該測試平台移動的平移機構。該容器可卸離地設置於該定位座且圍繞界定出具有一開口的一裝填空間，該裝填空間適用於裝填該穀物雜糧，該容器具有至少一個貫穿且連通於該填裝空間的測試孔。該壓實單元可相對於該測試平台移動，該壓實單元包括一朝向該測試平台且用來伸入該容器的裝填空間並適用於抵壓該穀物雜糧的壓平器。該安裝座單元與該載物單元間隔設置於該基座單元且包括一安裝座。該含水率感測器可卸離地設置於該安裝座，且具有朝向該容器的該測試孔的至少一支測試棒，該測試棒經由該測試孔***該裝填空間並接觸該穀物雜糧，該含水率感測器利用頻域反射法或時域反射法量測出該穀物雜糧的相對介電常數並計算出該穀物雜糧的含水率。The base unit has a test platform. The loading unit is installed on the base unit, and the loading unit includes a positioning base and a translation mechanism for driving the positioning base to move relative to the test platform. The container is detachably disposed on the positioning seat and surrounds and defines a filling space with an opening, the filling space is suitable for filling the cereals and miscellaneous grains, and the container has at least one test hole penetrating and communicating with the filling space. The compaction unit can move relative to the test platform, and the compaction unit includes a flattening device that faces the test platform and extends into the filling space of the container and is suitable for pressing the grains. The mounting base unit and the loading unit are spaced apart from the base unit and include a mounting base. The moisture content sensor is detachably disposed on the mounting seat and has at least one test rod facing the test hole of the container, the test rod is inserted into the filling space through the test hole and contacts the cereal grains, the The moisture content sensor measures the relative dielectric constant of the cereal grains by using the frequency domain reflection method or the time domain reflection method and calculates the moisture content of the cereal grains.

本發明的功效在於：本發明採用頻域反射法或時域反射法的該含水率感測器，其含水率的量測範圍較廣，且量測精準度高，量測時間較短，能節省量測時間而具有低能耗的優點。本發明同時利用該平移機構驅動該定位座移動，能使該容器自動移動至待測位置，不需人工校正該容器的位置，操作上較簡便。The effect of the present invention is that the water content sensor adopts the frequency domain reflection method or the time domain reflection method in the present invention, and its water content measurement range is wide, and the measurement accuracy is high, the measurement time is short, and the measurement time is short. It saves measurement time and has the advantage of low energy consumption. The invention also utilizes the translation mechanism to drive the positioning base to move, which can automatically move the container to the position to be measured without manually correcting the position of the container, and the operation is simpler.

參閱圖1至圖3，本發明穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置的一實施例，適用於量測一穀物雜糧9的含水率。該穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置包含一基座單元1、一載物單元2、一容器3、一壓實單元4、一安裝座單元5、一含水率感測器6及一控制單元7。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the moisture content detection device of cereal grains of the present invention is suitable for measuring the moisture content of a cereal grain 9. The device for detecting moisture content of cereals includes a base unit 1, a loading unit 2, a container 3, a compaction unit 4, a mounting base unit 5, a moisture content sensor 6 and a control unit 7.

該基座單元1包括一座體11，及一可移除地設置於該座體11的保護罩12。該座體11具有一測試平台111，該保護罩12將該測試平台111分隔成一測試區112與一待測區113。在本實施例中，該測試平台111具有一沿一長方向L延伸且由該待測區113延伸至該測試區112的滑槽114。The base unit 1 includes a base 11 and a protective cover 12 removably disposed on the base 11. The base 11 has a test platform 111, and the protective cover 12 separates the test platform 111 into a test area 112 and a test area 113. In this embodiment, the test platform 111 has a chute 114 extending along a longitudinal direction L and extending from the test area 113 to the test area 112.

該載物單元2安裝於該基座單元1且包括一定位座21、一平移機構22及一力量感測器23。該定位座21可沿該長方向L相對於該測試平台111移動。該定位座21具有一呈圓盤狀的基壁211、一由該基壁211朝上延伸的環壁212，及一反向於該環壁212並設置於該基壁211的連接塊213，由該基壁211與該環壁212共同界定出一用來供該容器3放置的容室20，該容室20在一縱方向H上高於該滑槽114，該縱方向H實質上垂直於該長方向L。較佳地，該環壁212具有數個相間隔且沿該縱方向H延伸的定位凹槽214，該等定位凹槽214連通於該容室20。該連接塊213穿過該滑槽114而使該定位座21可沿該滑槽114滑移。該平移機構22用來驅動該定位座21相對於該測試平台111移動，在本實施例中，該平移機構22位於該測試平台111的下方且隱藏在該座體11的內部，該平移機構22具有一馬達221、一沿該長方向L延伸且可轉動地連接於該馬達221的螺桿222，及一套接於該螺桿222的載台223，該載台223被該螺桿222帶動而能沿該長方向L移動。但在其他實施例中，該平移機構22也能採用有桿式氣壓缸、滑台氣缸或其他等同的帶動機構。The loading unit 2 is installed on the base unit 1 and includes a positioning seat 21, a translation mechanism 22 and a force sensor 23. The positioning base 21 can move relative to the test platform 111 along the long direction L. The positioning seat 21 has a disc-shaped base wall 211, a ring wall 212 extending upward from the base wall 211, and a connecting block 213 opposite to the ring wall 212 and disposed on the base wall 211, The base wall 211 and the ring wall 212 jointly define a chamber 20 for the container 3 to be placed. The chamber 20 is higher than the chute 114 in a longitudinal direction H, which is substantially vertical In the long direction L. Preferably, the ring wall 212 has a plurality of positioning grooves 214 spaced apart and extending along the longitudinal direction H, and the positioning grooves 214 are connected to the chamber 20. The connecting block 213 passes through the sliding groove 114 so that the positioning seat 21 can slide along the sliding groove 114. The translation mechanism 22 is used to drive the positioning base 21 to move relative to the test platform 111. In this embodiment, the translation mechanism 22 is located below the test platform 111 and hidden inside the base body 11. The translation mechanism 22 It has a motor 221, a screw 222 extending along the longitudinal direction L and rotatably connected to the motor 221, and a carrier 223 set on the screw 222. The carrier 223 is driven by the screw 222 to move along This movement in the longitudinal direction L. However, in other embodiments, the translation mechanism 22 can also adopt a rod-type pneumatic cylinder, a sliding table cylinder, or other equivalent driving mechanisms.

該力量感測器23用來感測該穀物雜糧9的重量及施加於該穀物雜糧9的壓力，該力量感測器23在該縱方向H上反向於該容器3且連接於該定位座21與該平移機構22間。在本實施例中，該力量感測器23是一種由應變計和橋式電路組合成的荷重元(load cell)，該力量感測器23的底面安裝於該平移機構22的載台223，且該力量感測器23的一端連接於該定位座21的連接塊213，但在其他變化例中，該力量感測器23也能是一種電容式或電阻式壓力感測器(pressure sensor)，同樣具有量測壓力的作用。The force sensor 23 is used to sense the weight of the cereals 9 and the pressure applied to the cereals 9. The force sensor 23 is opposite to the container 3 in the longitudinal direction H and is connected to the positioning seat 21 and the translation mechanism 22. In this embodiment, the force sensor 23 is a load cell composed of a strain gauge and a bridge circuit. The bottom surface of the force sensor 23 is mounted on the carrier 223 of the translation mechanism 22. And one end of the force sensor 23 is connected to the connecting block 213 of the positioning base 21, but in other variations, the force sensor 23 can also be a capacitive or resistive pressure sensor (pressure sensor) , Also has the function of measuring pressure.

要特別說明的是，本實施例的該平移機構22隱藏在該座體11的內部，除了能避免異物掉落而造成該螺桿222卡死的問題外，還能防止手部誤觸的危險，使用安全性較高。但在其他變化例中，該平移機構22也能設置在該測試平台111上，並藉由加大尺寸的該保護罩12來防護該平移機構22，此時該測試平台111能省略該滑槽114，且該定位座21能省略該連接塊213，同樣具有能使該定位座21移動的相同作用。It should be particularly noted that the translation mechanism 22 of the present embodiment is hidden inside the base 11, which can prevent the screw 222 from being stuck due to the falling of foreign objects, and also prevent the risk of accidental hand touch. It is safe to use. However, in other variants, the translation mechanism 22 can also be arranged on the test platform 111, and the protective cover 12 with an enlarged size can protect the translation mechanism 22. In this case, the test platform 111 can omit the chute. 114, and the positioning base 21 can omit the connecting block 213, and also has the same function of enabling the positioning base 21 to move.

該容器3可卸離地設置於該定位座21，且圍繞界定出具有一開口30的一裝填空間31，該裝填空間31適用於裝填該穀物雜糧9。較佳地，該容器3包括一底端容置於該定位座21的容室20的杯體32，及數間隔設置於該杯體32外表面的定位凸肋33。該杯體32形成該裝填空間31，且在本實施例中，該杯體32具有兩個貫穿且連通於該填裝空間31的測試孔34，該等測試孔34在一橫方向W上間隔設置且沿該長方向L延伸，該橫方向W、該長方向L與該縱方向H實質上互相垂直。該等定位凸肋33沿該縱方向H延伸且分別用來接合於該定位座21的該等定位凹槽214，藉此，使該容器3能被精準地定位於該定位座21。在本實施例中，該容器3包括四個呈十字型排列的該定位凸肋33，但在其他變化例中，該定位凸肋33的數量也能是一個、二個、三個，或五個以上，只要能與該定位座21的該等定位凹槽214的數量互相配合即可。The container 3 is detachably disposed on the positioning seat 21 and surrounds and defines a filling space 31 having an opening 30, and the filling space 31 is suitable for filling the cereals 9. Preferably, the container 3 includes a cup body 32 whose bottom end is accommodated in the chamber 20 of the positioning seat 21 and positioning ribs 33 arranged on the outer surface of the cup body 32 at intervals. The cup body 32 forms the filling space 31, and in this embodiment, the cup body 32 has two test holes 34 penetrating and communicating with the filling space 31, and the test holes 34 are spaced apart in a lateral direction W It is arranged and extends along the longitudinal direction L, and the lateral direction W, the longitudinal direction L and the longitudinal direction H are substantially perpendicular to each other. The positioning ribs 33 extend along the longitudinal direction H and are respectively used to engage the positioning grooves 214 of the positioning seat 21, thereby enabling the container 3 to be accurately positioned on the positioning seat 21. In this embodiment, the container 3 includes four positioning ribs 33 arranged in a cross shape, but in other variations, the number of positioning ribs 33 can also be one, two, three, or five. More than one, as long as it can match the number of the positioning grooves 214 of the positioning seat 21.

該壓實單元4可沿該縱方向H相對於該測試平台111移動，在本實施例中，該壓實單元4包括一壓平器41，及一升降機構42。該壓平器41朝向該測試平台111且用來伸入該容器3的裝填空間31，並適用於抵壓該穀物雜糧9而對該穀物雜糧9施加壓力。該壓平器41具有一沿該縱方向H延伸的桿體411，及一形成於該桿體411的底端且用來抵壓該穀物雜糧9的盤體412。該升降機構42用來驅動該壓平器41沿該縱方向H朝該測試平台111移動，藉由該升降機構42能達成檢測自動化且能精準地控制該壓平器41的施加壓力。在本實施例中，該升降機構42是一種馬達帶動螺桿與滑台的傳動機構，但在其他實施例中，該升降機構42也能採用氣壓缸或其他等同的帶動機構。較佳地，該升降機構42具有在該縱方向H間隔設置且連接於該壓平器41的桿體411的兩帶動臂421。藉由該等帶動臂421連接於該桿體411的頂端與中段，使該壓平器41移動至該容器3的過程不會偏斜，能避免該壓平器41撞擊該容器3的邊緣。但在一種變化例中，該帶動臂421的數量可以是一個且連接於該壓平器41的頂端，同樣具有能帶動該壓平器41移動的作用。在又一變化例中，該壓實單元4也能省略該升降機構42，而採用手動按壓該壓平器41的技術方案，同樣具有對該穀物雜糧9施加壓力的作用。The compaction unit 4 can move relative to the test platform 111 along the longitudinal direction H. In this embodiment, the compaction unit 4 includes a flattening device 41 and a lifting mechanism 42. The flattener 41 faces the test platform 111 and is used to extend into the filling space 31 of the container 3, and is suitable for pressing the grains 9 to exert pressure on the grains 9. The flattener 41 has a rod body 411 extending along the longitudinal direction H, and a plate 412 formed at the bottom end of the rod body 411 and used to press the cereal 9. The lifting mechanism 42 is used to drive the flattening device 41 to move toward the test platform 111 along the longitudinal direction H. With the lifting mechanism 42, the detection can be automated and the pressure applied by the flattening device 41 can be accurately controlled. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 42 is a transmission mechanism in which a motor drives a screw and a sliding table. However, in other embodiments, the lifting mechanism 42 can also be a pneumatic cylinder or other equivalent driving mechanism. Preferably, the lifting mechanism 42 has two driving arms 421 arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction H and connected to the rod body 411 of the flattening device 41. By connecting the driving arms 421 to the top and middle sections of the rod body 411, the flattening device 41 will not be deflected when moving to the container 3, and the flattening device 41 can be prevented from hitting the edge of the container 3. However, in a variation, the number of the driving arm 421 may be one and connected to the top end of the flattening device 41, which also has the function of driving the flattening device 41 to move. In another variation, the compacting unit 4 can also omit the lifting mechanism 42 and adopt the technical solution of manually pressing the flattener 41, which also has the effect of applying pressure to the cereal 9.

參閱圖2至圖4，該安裝座單元5設置於該基座單元1的測試平台111且位於該測試區112，該安裝座單元5與該載物單元2在該長方向L上相間隔。該安裝座單元5包括一滑台51、一安裝座52、一壓片組53，及兩支撐件組54。該滑台51設置於該測試平台111，較佳地，該滑台51具有兩間隔設置於該測試平台111且沿該長方向L延伸的導桿511、一沿該長方向L可滑移地套接於該等導桿511的滑塊512，及一可轉動地穿設於該滑塊512且用來抵頂其中一該導桿511的鎖固件513，用手推動該滑塊512即可調整該滑塊512的位置，並利用轉緊該鎖固件513就可使該滑塊512被固定於該等導桿511。該安裝座52在該縱方向H與該滑台51相間隔，在本實施例中，該安裝座52具有互相對合並形成一安裝空間520的兩殼體521，該安裝空間520在該長方向L的兩相反端呈開放狀，其中一該殼體521具有位於頂端且間隔設置的兩穿孔522。該壓片組53具有一可活動地設置於該安裝空間520的壓片531，及一可轉動地抵壓於該壓片531的緊迫件532，在本實施例中，該壓片531具有兩沿該縱方向H延伸且分別可移動地穿設於該等穿孔522的延伸臂533，且該緊迫件532是一支螺栓。Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, the mounting base unit 5 is disposed on the test platform 111 of the base unit 1 and located in the test area 112, and the mounting base unit 5 and the load unit 2 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction L. The mounting base unit 5 includes a sliding table 51, a mounting base 52, a sheet pressing group 53, and two supporting component groups 54. The sliding table 51 is disposed on the test platform 111. Preferably, the sliding table 51 has two guide rods 511 arranged at intervals on the test platform 111 and extending along the longitudinal direction L, and a slidable ground along the longitudinal direction L Sliders 512 sleeved on the guide rods 511, and a locking member 513 rotatably penetrated on the slider 512 and used to press against one of the guide rods 511, and then push the slider 512 by hand Adjusting the position of the slider 512 and tightening the locking member 513 can make the slider 512 be fixed to the guide rods 511. The mounting base 52 is spaced apart from the sliding table 51 in the longitudinal direction H. In this embodiment, the mounting base 52 has two housings 521 that are opposed to each other and form a mounting space 520, and the mounting space 520 is in the longitudinal direction. Two opposite ends of L are open, and one of the shells 521 has two through holes 522 at the top and spaced apart. The pressing group 53 has a pressing piece 531 movably disposed in the installation space 520, and a pressing member 532 rotatably pressed against the pressing piece 531. In this embodiment, the pressing piece 531 has two pressing pieces 531. The extension arms 533 extending along the longitudinal direction H and respectively movably pass through the through holes 522, and the pressing member 532 is a bolt.

參閱圖4與圖5，該等支撐件組54分別連接於該滑塊512的兩相反側，且分別可轉動地樞設於該安裝座52的兩相反側。每一支撐件組54具有一沿該縱方向H延伸且連接於該滑台51的連接片541、一可轉動地安裝於該連接片541與該安裝座52的軸承542，及一設置於該安裝座52與該滑塊512間的彈簧543，該彈簧543具有恆推動該安裝座52遠離該滑塊512的勢能，藉由該等支撐件組54使該安裝座52能以該等軸承542為中心旋轉而側傾於該滑塊512。Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the supporting element groups 54 are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the sliding block 512, and are pivotally pivoted on two opposite sides of the mounting seat 52 respectively. Each support group 54 has a connecting piece 541 extending along the longitudinal direction H and connected to the sliding table 51, a bearing 542 rotatably installed on the connecting piece 541 and the mounting seat 52, and a bearing 542 arranged on the The spring 543 between the mounting base 52 and the sliding block 512 has the potential energy to constantly push the mounting base 52 away from the sliding block 512, and the mounting base 52 can use the bearings 542 by the supporting member sets 54 The slider 512 is tilted sideways for center rotation.

參閱圖2至圖4，該含水率感測器6可卸離地設置於該安裝座52，在本實施例中，該含水率感測器6包括一用來安裝於該安裝空間520的本體61，及連接於該本體61且朝向該容器3的該等測試孔34的兩支測試棒62。但在其他變化例中，該測試棒62的數量也能為一支，且該測試孔34的數量配合該測試棒62的數量為一個。該等測試棒62可經由該等測試孔34***該裝填空間31並接觸該穀物雜糧9，該含水率感測器6利用頻域反射法(FDR)或時域反射法(TDR)量測出該穀物雜糧9的相對介電常數，並推估計算得出該穀物雜糧9的重量含水率或體積含水率，藉由選擇不同類型的該含水率感測器6，例如採用頻域反射法的該含水率感測器6，可測出重量含水率，且重量含水率的量測範圍可達80%。若採用時域反射法的該含水率感測器6，並配合由該力量感測器23量測出該穀物雜糧9的重量，則可測出體積含水率，且體積含水率的量測範圍可達100%。因此，本發明的量測範圍較廣、量測較精準且量測時間短。2 to 4, the moisture content sensor 6 is detachably disposed on the mounting base 52. In this embodiment, the moisture content sensor 6 includes a body for installing in the installation space 520 61, and two test rods 62 connected to the main body 61 and facing the test holes 34 of the container 3. However, in other variations, the number of the test rod 62 can also be one, and the number of the test hole 34 matches the number of the test rod 62 to one. The test rods 62 can be inserted into the filling space 31 through the test holes 34 and contact the cereal grains 9, and the moisture content sensor 6 uses frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) or time domain reflectometry (TDR) to measure The relative dielectric constant of the cereal grains 9 is estimated to obtain the weight moisture content or the volume moisture content of the cereal grains 9 by selecting different types of the moisture content sensor 6, such as the frequency domain reflection method. The moisture content sensor 6 can measure the weight moisture content, and the measurement range of the weight moisture content can reach 80%. If the moisture content sensor 6 of the time domain reflection method is used and the weight of the cereals 9 is measured by the force sensor 23, the volumetric moisture content can be measured, and the measurement range of the volumetric moisture content Up to 100%. Therefore, the measurement range of the present invention is wider, the measurement is more accurate, and the measurement time is short.

參閱圖1與圖6，該控制單元7與該平移機構22、該升降機構42、該力量感測器23及該含水率感測器6電連接，且用來控制該平移機構22與該升降機構42的移動。該控制單元7包括一用來設定該升降機構42施加於該穀物雜糧9(見圖2)的壓力的操控模組71、一用來顯示該含水率的顯示模組72，及一與該操控模組71及該顯示模組72電連接的處理模組73，該處理模組73用來接收及處理該力量感測器23及該含水率感測器6的電子訊號，在本實施例中，該操控模組71是一種搭配可程式邏輯控制器(Programmable Logic Controller,簡稱PLC)的觸控面板人機介面。但在其他變化例中，也能將該控制單元7與電腦(圖未示)整合，同樣具有能控制該平移機構22與該升降機構42的移動且調整該升降機構42施加於該穀物雜糧9的壓力，並顯示出該含水率的相同作用，當不以此為限。1 and 6, the control unit 7 is electrically connected to the translation mechanism 22, the lifting mechanism 42, the force sensor 23, and the moisture content sensor 6, and is used to control the translation mechanism 22 and the lifting mechanism Movement of mechanism 42. The control unit 7 includes a control module 71 used to set the pressure applied by the lifting mechanism 42 to the cereal 9 (see FIG. 2), a display module 72 used to display the moisture content, and a control module 71 The processing module 73 is electrically connected to the module 71 and the display module 72. The processing module 73 is used to receive and process the electronic signals of the force sensor 23 and the moisture content sensor 6. In this embodiment The control module 71 is a touch panel man-machine interface with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). However, in other variations, the control unit 7 can also be integrated with a computer (not shown), and it can also control the movement of the translation mechanism 22 and the lifting mechanism 42 and adjust the lifting mechanism 42 to apply to the cereal 9 The pressure, and shows the same effect of the water content, when not limited to this.

參閱圖1至圖3，檢測前，藉由旋開該緊迫件532，並抓握該等延伸臂533而帶動該壓片531朝上移動，便於將該含水率感測器6安裝到該安裝座52，再旋入該緊迫件532以推動該壓片531朝下移動且抵壓於該含水率感測器6而達到定位，檢測者可以選擇將該保護罩12安裝在該座體11，以確保檢測期間的安全。接著，檢測者透過該操控模組71設定欲施加於該穀物雜糧9的壓力，並將該穀物雜糧9裝入該容器3內，再將該容器3的該等定凸肋33對準該定位座21的該等定位凹槽214並嵌入該定位座21。1 to 3, before the detection, by unscrewing the pressing member 532 and grasping the extension arms 533 to drive the pressing piece 531 to move upward, it is convenient to install the moisture content sensor 6 to the installation The seat 52 is screwed into the pressing member 532 to push the pressing piece 531 downward and press against the moisture content sensor 6 to achieve positioning. The inspector can choose to install the protective cover 12 on the seat body 11, To ensure safety during testing. Then, the inspector sets the pressure to be applied to the cereal grains 9 through the control module 71, puts the cereal grains 9 into the container 3, and then aligns the fixed ribs 33 of the container 3 to the positioning The positioning grooves 214 of the seat 21 are embedded in the positioning seat 21.

參閱圖1與圖7，操作該控制單元7以驅動該平移機構22帶動該容器3移動至該壓平器41下方的預定位置，同時，該容器3的該等測試孔34供該含水率感測器6的該等測試棒62穿入至該容器3的裝填空間31內並接觸該穀物雜糧9。1 and 7, the control unit 7 is operated to drive the translation mechanism 22 to drive the container 3 to move to a predetermined position below the flattening device 41, and at the same time, the test holes 34 of the container 3 provide the moisture content sensor. The test rods 62 of the tester 6 penetrate into the filling space 31 of the container 3 and contact the cereals 9.

參閱圖1與圖8，接著，操作該控制單元7以驅動該升降機構42帶動該壓平器41朝該容器3移動至該盤體412壓實於該穀物雜糧9而產生預設的施加壓力，且經由該含水率感測器6量測出該穀物雜糧9的相對介電常數，經推估計算得出該穀物雜糧9的該含水率並顯示於該顯示模組72，即完成檢測。1 and 8, then, the control unit 7 is operated to drive the lifting mechanism 42 to drive the flattener 41 to move toward the container 3 until the plate 412 is compacted on the cereal 9 to generate a preset applied pressure , And the relative dielectric constant of the cereal grain 9 is measured by the moisture content sensor 6, and the moisture content of the cereal grain 9 is estimated and displayed on the display module 72 to complete the detection.

請參閱圖5與圖8，特別要說明的是，在壓實的過程中，該等測試棒62的前端會隨著該壓平器41壓實於該穀物雜糧9而向下傾斜，由於該安裝座52能以該等軸承542為中心轉動並帶動該含水率感測器6同步向下傾斜，因此，可避免該等測試棒62受力變形而損壞。在其他的變化例中，也能省略該等支撐件組54，並在該含水率感測器6的本體61與該安裝座52之間設置一壓縮彈簧(圖未示)，在壓實的過程中，該含水率感測器6的本體61隨著該等測試棒62的前端向下傾斜而朝上擠壓該壓縮彈簧，同樣能避免該等測試棒62受力變形。Please refer to Figures 5 and 8. It is particularly important to note that during the compaction process, the front ends of the test rods 62 will tilt downward as the flattener 41 is compacted on the cereals 9, because of the The mounting base 52 can rotate with the bearings 542 as the center and drive the moisture content sensor 6 to tilt downward synchronously. Therefore, the test rods 62 can be prevented from being deformed and damaged by force. In other variations, the supporting member sets 54 can also be omitted, and a compression spring (not shown) is arranged between the main body 61 of the moisture content sensor 6 and the mounting seat 52, and the compression spring is not shown in the figure. During the process, the body 61 of the moisture content sensor 6 squeezes the compression spring upward as the front ends of the test rods 62 incline downward, which can also prevent the test rods 62 from being deformed by force.

經由以上的說明，可將本發明的優點歸納如下：Through the above description, the advantages of the present invention can be summarized as follows:

一、本發明的該含水率感測器6採用頻域反射法或時域反射法，量測出該穀物雜糧9的相對介電常數，並推估計算得出該穀物雜糧9的重量含水率或體積含水率，量測範圍較廣，且量測精準度高，量測時間較短，能節省量測時間而具有低能耗的優點。1. The moisture content sensor 6 of the present invention adopts the frequency domain reflection method or the time domain reflection method to measure the relative dielectric constant of the cereal grains 9 and estimate the weight moisture content of the cereal grains 9 or Volumetric water content, wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy, short measurement time, can save measurement time and have the advantages of low energy consumption.

二、本發明利用該平移機構22驅動該定位座21移動，能使該容器3自動移動至待測位置，不需人工校正該容器3的位置，操作上較簡便。2. The present invention utilizes the translation mechanism 22 to drive the positioning base 21 to move, so that the container 3 can automatically move to the position to be measured without manual correction of the position of the container 3, and the operation is relatively simple.

三、本實施例藉由將該容器3的該等定位凸肋33與該定位座21的該等定位凹槽214的凹凸配合，能使該容器3的該等測試孔34精確地對準該含水率感測器6的該等測試棒62，避免產生該等測試棒62撞到該容器3的問題。3. In this embodiment, the positioning ribs 33 of the container 3 and the positioning grooves 214 of the positioning seat 21 are matched with the concave and convex, so that the test holes 34 of the container 3 can be accurately aligned with the The test rods 62 of the moisture content sensor 6 avoid the problem of the test rods 62 hitting the container 3.

四、因應不同類型的該含水率感測器6的該等測試棒62的長度不同，本實施例藉由推動該滑台51能調整該安裝座52的位置，以確保該等測試棒62適當地伸入該容器3內。4. In response to the different lengths of the test rods 62 of the moisture content sensor 6 of different types, in this embodiment, the position of the mounting seat 52 can be adjusted by pushing the sliding table 51 to ensure that the test rods 62 are proper The ground extends into the container 3.

五、本實施例藉由該力量感測器23與該控制單元7的配合能控制該壓平器41加壓於該穀物雜糧9的壓力，藉由加壓的壓力能降低該穀物雜糧9內部的空氣含量，以減少誤差並維持該穀物雜糧9的固定比例，以提高量測精準度。5. In this embodiment, the force sensor 23 and the control unit 7 can control the pressure of the flattening device 41 to press the grains 9 and the pressure of the pressurizing pressure can reduce the inside of the grains 9 In order to reduce the error and maintain the fixed proportion of the grains 9 to improve the accuracy of measurement.

六、本實施例透過旋入或旋開該緊迫件532，及移動該壓片531，即可將該含水率感測器6沿該長方向L移動取出，方便更換不同類型的該含水率感測器6。6. In this embodiment, by screwing in or unscrewing the pressing member 532, and moving the pressing piece 531, the moisture content sensor 6 can be moved and taken out along the longitudinal direction L, which is convenient for replacing different types of the moisture content sensor.测器6.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明的實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施的範圍，凡是依本發明申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作的簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明專利涵蓋的範圍內。However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

1:基座單元 11:座體 111:測試平台 112:測試區 113:待測區 114:滑槽 12:保護罩 2:載物單元 20:容室 21:定位座 211:基壁 212:環壁 213:連接塊 214:定位凹槽 22:平移機構 221:馬達 222:螺桿 223:載台 23:力量感測器 3:容器 30:開口 31:裝填空間 32:杯體 33:定位凸肋 34:測試孔 4:壓實單元 41:壓平器 411:桿體 412:盤體 42:升降機構 421:帶動臂 5:安裝座單元 51:滑台 511:導桿 512:滑塊 513:鎖固件 52:安裝座 520:安裝空間 521:殼體 522:穿孔 53:壓片組 531:壓片 532:緊迫件 533:延伸臂 54:支撐件組 541:連接片 542:軸承 543:彈簧 6:含水率感測器 61:本體 62:測試棒 7:控制單元 71:操控模組 72:顯示模組 73:處理模組 9:穀物雜糧 L:長方向 W:橫方向 H:縱方向1: base unit 11: Seat 111: test platform 112: test area 113: Area to be tested 114: Chute 12: Protective cover 2: Loading unit 20: Room 21: positioning seat 211: basal wall 212: Ring Wall 213: connection block 214: positioning groove 22: translation mechanism 221: Motor 222: Screw 223: Stage 23: power sensor 3: container 30: opening 31: filling space 32: Cup body 33: Positioning rib 34: test hole 4: Compaction unit 41: Flattener 411: Rod 412: disc body 42: Lifting mechanism 421: Drive arm 5: Mounting the base unit 51: Sliding table 511: guide rod 512: Slider 513: lock firmware 52: Mounting seat 520: installation space 521: Shell 522: piercing 53: Compression group 531: press 532: Urgent 533: Extension Arm 54: Support group 541: connecting piece 542: Bearing 543: Spring 6: Water content sensor 61: body 62: Test stick 7: Control unit 71: control module 72: display module 73: Processing Module 9: Cereals L: Long direction W: horizontal direction H: Vertical direction

本發明的其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是本發明穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置的一實施例的一立體圖； 圖2是沿著圖1中的線II-II所截取的一局部剖視圖； 圖3是該實施例的一不完整的立體分解圖； 圖4是該實施例的一安裝座單元的一前視示意圖； 圖5是該安裝座單元的一安裝座受力而側傾的一前視圖； 圖6是該實施例的一電路方塊圖； 圖7是一類似於圖2的視圖，說明該定位座移動至一壓實單元的一壓平器的下方；及 圖8是一類似於圖7的視圖，說明該壓平器移動至伸入該實施例的一容器內。Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains of the present invention; Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in Figure 1; Figure 3 is an incomplete three-dimensional exploded view of the embodiment; Figure 4 is a schematic front view of a mounting base unit of the embodiment; Figure 5 is a front view of a mounting seat of the mounting seat unit tilted due to force; Figure 6 is a circuit block diagram of the embodiment; Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating that the positioning base is moved under a flattener of a compaction unit; and Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 illustrating the movement of the flattening device into a container of this embodiment.

1:基座單元1: base unit

111:測試平台111: test platform

114:滑槽114: Chute

2:載物單元2: Loading unit

21:定位座21: positioning seat

211:基壁211: basal wall

212:環壁212: Ring Wall

213:連接塊213: connection block

412:盤體412: disc body

42:升降機構42: Lifting mechanism

5:安裝座單元5: Mounting the base unit

51:滑台51: Sliding table

511:導桿511: guide rod

512:滑塊512: Slider

52:安裝座52: Mounting seat

520:安裝空間520: installation space

22:平移機構22: translation mechanism

221:馬達221: Motor

222:螺桿222: Screw

223:載台223: Stage

23:力量感測器23: power sensor

3:容器3: container

30:開口30: opening

31:裝填空間31: filling space

34:測試孔34: test hole

4:壓實單元4: Compaction unit

41:壓平器41: Flattener

411:桿體411: Rod

53:壓片組53: Compression group

531:壓片531: press

532:緊迫件532: Urgent

533:延伸臂533: Extension Arm

54:支撐件組54: Support group

6:含水率感測器6: Water content sensor

61:本體61: body

62:測試棒62: Test stick

9:穀物雜糧9: Cereals

L:長方向L: Long direction

H:縱方向H: Vertical direction

Claims (10)

一種穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，包含： 一基座單元，具有一測試平台； 一載物單元，安裝於該基座單元，該載物單元包括一定位座，及一用來驅動該定位座相對於該測試平台移動的平移機構； 一容器，可卸離地設置於該定位座且圍繞界定出具有一開口的一裝填空間，該裝填空間適用於裝填該穀物雜糧，該容器具有至少一個貫穿且連通於該填裝空間的測試孔； 一壓實單元，可相對於該測試平台移動，該壓實單元包括一朝向該測試平台且用來伸入該容器的裝填空間並適用於抵壓該穀物雜糧的壓平器； 一安裝座單元，與該載物單元間隔設置於該基座單元且包括一安裝座；及 一含水率感測器，可卸離地設置於該安裝座，且具有朝向該容器的該測試孔的至少一支測試棒，該測試棒經由該測試孔***該裝填空間並接觸該穀物雜糧，該含水率感測器利用頻域反射法或時域反射法量測出該穀物雜糧的相對介電常數並計算出該穀物雜糧的含水率。A device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains, comprising: A base unit with a test platform; A loading unit installed on the base unit, the loading unit including a positioning base and a translation mechanism for driving the positioning base to move relative to the test platform; A container is detachably disposed on the positioning seat and surrounds and defines a filling space with an opening, the filling space is suitable for filling the cereal grains, and the container has at least one test hole penetrating and communicating with the filling space ； A compaction unit capable of moving relative to the test platform, the compaction unit including a flattening device that faces the test platform and extends into the filling space of the container and is suitable for pressing the grains; A mounting base unit, which is arranged on the base unit spaced apart from the load unit and includes a mounting base; and A moisture content sensor is detachably disposed on the mounting seat and has at least one test rod facing the test hole of the container, the test rod is inserted into the filling space through the test hole and contacts the cereal grains, The moisture content sensor measures the relative permittivity of the cereal grains by using the frequency domain reflection method or the time domain reflection method and calculates the moisture content of the cereal grains. 如請求項1所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該壓平器沿一縱方向朝該容器移動，該載物單元還包括一在該縱方向上反向於該容器且連接於該定位座與該平移機構的力量感測器，該力量感測器用來量測出該壓平器施加於該穀物雜糧的壓力。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 1, wherein the flattener moves toward the container in a longitudinal direction, and the loading unit further includes a container opposite to the container in the longitudinal direction and connected to the The force sensor of the positioning seat and the translation mechanism is used to measure the pressure applied by the flattening device to the cereals. 如請求項1所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該壓實單元還包括一用來驅動該壓平器沿一縱方向移動的升降機構，該升降機構具有至少一連接於該壓平器的帶動臂。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 1, wherein the compaction unit further includes a lifting mechanism for driving the presser to move in a longitudinal direction, and the lifting mechanism has at least one connected to the presser The driving arm of the device. 如請求項3所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，還包含一控制單元，該控制單元與該載物單元、該升降機構及該含水率感測器電連接，該控制單元用來操控該平移機構及該升降機構，且包括一用來設定該壓平器施加於該穀物雜糧的壓力的操控模組，及一用來顯示該含水率的顯示模組。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 3, further comprising a control unit electrically connected with the loading unit, the lifting mechanism and the moisture content sensor, and the control unit is used to control the translation The mechanism and the lifting mechanism include a control module for setting the pressure applied by the flattener to the cereals and a display module for displaying the moisture content. 如請求項2所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該測試平台具有一沿一長方向延伸的滑槽，該長方向實質上垂直於該縱方向，該定位座具有一在該縱方向上高於該滑槽的容室，及一穿過該滑槽且連接於該力量感測器的連接塊，該容室用來供該容器放置， 該定位座可沿該長方向相對於該測試平台移動。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 2, wherein the test platform has a chute extending along a longitudinal direction, the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the positioning seat has a longitudinal direction A chamber above the chute, and a connecting block that passes through the chute and is connected to the force sensor. The chamber is used for placing the container. The positioning seat can be relative to the longitudinal direction. The test platform moves. 如請求項1所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該安裝座單元還包括一設置於該測試平台且在一縱方向上與該安裝座相間隔的滑台，及兩分別可轉動地樞設於該安裝座的兩相反側且連接至該滑台的支撐件組。The apparatus for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 1, wherein the mounting base unit further includes a sliding table arranged on the testing platform and spaced apart from the mounting base in a longitudinal direction, and two rotatably respectively It is pivoted on two opposite sides of the mounting seat and connected to the support group of the sliding table. 如請求項6所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該滑台具有兩相間隔且沿一長方向延伸的導桿，及一沿該長方向可滑移地套接於該等導桿的滑塊，該滑塊供該等支撐件組連接，該長方向實質上垂直於該縱方向。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 6, wherein the sliding table has two guide rods that are spaced apart and extend along a longitudinal direction, and a guide rod is slidably sleeved along the longitudinal direction. The sliding block is connected to the supporting element groups, and the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. 如請求項6所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，每一支撐件組具有一沿該縱方向延伸且連接於該滑台的連接片，及一可轉動地安裝於該連接片與該安裝座的軸承。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 6, wherein each support group has a connecting piece extending along the longitudinal direction and connected to the sliding table, and a connecting piece rotatably installed on the connecting piece and the sliding table. Bearing of the mounting seat. 如請求項1所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該定位座具有一基壁及一由該基壁朝上延伸的環壁，由該基壁與該環壁共同界定出一用來供該容器放置的容室，該環壁具有至少一連通於該容室的定位凹槽，該容器包括一杯體及至少一設置於該杯體的定位凸肋，該杯體圍繞界定出該裝填空間且具有該測試孔，該定位凸肋用來接合於該定位凹槽。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 1, wherein the positioning seat has a base wall and a ring wall extending upward from the base wall, and a function is defined by the base wall and the ring wall. The container for placing the container, the ring wall has at least one positioning groove communicating with the container, the container includes a cup body and at least one positioning rib arranged on the cup body, the cup body surrounds and defines the filling The space is provided with the test hole, and the positioning rib is used for engaging with the positioning groove. 如請求項1所述的穀物雜糧含水率檢測裝置，其中，該安裝座圍繞界定出一安裝空間，該含水率感測器還包括一用來安裝於該安裝空間且供該測試棒連接的本體，該安裝座單元具有一可活動地設置於該安裝空間且抵靠於該本體的壓片，及一可轉動地抵壓該壓片的緊迫件。The device for detecting moisture content of cereals and miscellaneous grains according to claim 1, wherein the mounting seat surrounds and defines an installation space, and the moisture content sensor further includes a body for installing in the installation space and connecting the test rod The mounting seat unit has a pressing piece movably arranged in the installation space and abutting against the body, and a pressing member rotatably pressing the pressing piece.

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