TW202101817A - A high stability heat dissipation battery pack - Google Patents

A high stability heat dissipation battery pack Download PDF

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TW202101817A
TW202101817A TW108122760A TW108122760A TW202101817A TW 202101817 A TW202101817 A TW 202101817A TW 108122760 A TW108122760 A TW 108122760A TW 108122760 A TW108122760 A TW 108122760A TW 202101817 A TW202101817 A TW 202101817A
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heat dissipation
battery pack
battery
phase change
change material
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TW108122760A
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陳鴻文
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陳鴻文
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Priority to TW108122760A priority Critical patent/TW202101817A/en
Priority to CN201910893183.7A priority patent/CN112151905A/en
Publication of TW202101817A publication Critical patent/TW202101817A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The battery pack structure with high stability heat dissipation, the structure has a high heat dissipation insulation housing, and the composite phase change material is filled the gap between the battery unit and housing. When a large current is charged or discharged, the large heat surge is absorbed by the composite phase change material to buffer the temperature rise. The difference temperature between battery cells can be reduced. The composite phase change material is connected to the high heat dissipation housing and heat discharged out of the battery pack by thermal radiation to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.

Description

一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構 Battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation

本發明屬於動力電池溫度控制技術領域，具體涉及電池與複合型相變材料結合的散熱方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of power battery temperature control, and specifically relates to a heat dissipation method in which a battery and a composite phase change material are combined.

大功率大容量的鋰離子電池組是大動力使用設備的理想儲能電源。一般，是將多個電池單元以不同的形式串聯或並聯裝在一起構成一個電池包，再由多個電池包以串聯並聯方式組成一個更大的電池組，以提供所需的電壓或電流。 High-power and large-capacity lithium-ion battery packs are ideal energy storage power sources for high-power equipment. Generally, multiple battery cells are connected in series or parallel in different forms to form a battery pack, and then multiple battery packs are connected in series and parallel to form a larger battery pack to provide the required voltage or current.

一般電池包內由多個電池單元組成，以串並聯密集構成於密封的絕緣外殼內，當快速充放電時電池單元溫度也就快速上升，而溫度對電池有著雙重影響：溫度越高電池內阻越小，相應的電池效率也就越高，因密集排佈的散熱差異因素，在電池包中間位置的電池單元排熱困難溫度較高，造成中間區域的電池單元與邊緣電池單元，有大的溫度差異，放電電流越大溫度越高溫升越快，相對溫差也越大的不良循環，該狀況將促使電池包內不同位置的電池單元工作狀不同，造成局部劣化及損壞的狀態，嚴重時還會引該發電池起火、***等安全事故。 Generally, the battery pack is composed of multiple battery cells, which are densely formed in series and parallel in a sealed insulating shell. When the battery is charged and discharged quickly, the temperature of the battery cells will rise rapidly, and the temperature has a double effect on the battery: the higher the temperature, the internal resistance of the battery The smaller the size, the higher the corresponding battery efficiency. Due to the densely arranged heat dissipation factors, the battery cells in the middle of the battery pack are difficult to dissipate heat and the temperature is higher, resulting in the battery cells in the middle area and the edge battery cells. Temperature difference, the higher the discharge current, the faster the temperature rises, and the larger the relative temperature difference. This situation will cause different battery cells in different positions in the battery pack to work differently, causing local deterioration and damage. It will cause safety accidents such as fire and explosion of the battery.

為防止電池出現過高過快的溫升，防止電池發生***，通常會設置放電保護措施以控制放電行為，在使用可再充電電池作為能量來源的工具機車或汽車中尤其是在大電流放電時，若無法及時有效地將熱量散發掉，電池上升到一個警界的高溫度時，將觸發保護機構以執行降速或停機保護措施。 In order to prevent the battery from experiencing excessively high and rapid temperature rise and prevent the battery from exploding, discharge protection measures are usually set to control the discharge behavior. In the tool locomotive or automobile that uses rechargeable batteries as the energy source, especially during high current discharge If the heat cannot be dissipated effectively in time, and the battery rises to a high temperature of the police, the protection mechanism will be triggered to implement the speed reduction or shutdown protection measures.

因此，對電池單元進行及時而有效的散熱是絕對必要的手段，目前，對電池組的散熱方式為：主要採用外殼接觸空氣對流自然散熱方式，進一步，採用散熱片將熱量匯出電池組，再用風扇或水冷管使溫度降低。但目前散熱方式只設計用於電池包或電池組，對於被密封於電池包內的電池單元，並無有效解決溫差傷害電池問題的技術。 Therefore, timely and effective heat dissipation of the battery cells is an absolutely necessary means. At present, the heat dissipation method for the battery pack is: mainly adopts the natural heat dissipation method of the shell contacting the air convection, and further, the heat sink is used to transfer the heat out of the battery pack, and then Use a fan or water cooling pipe to lower the temperature. However, the current heat dissipation method is only designed for battery packs or battery packs, and there is no technology to effectively solve the problem of battery cells that are sealed in the battery pack.

在專利技術的披露上檢索，對現有技術文獻檢索，CN 101047274A中提出了一種釆用集熱板、散熱板和泵的散熱裝置；CN 101027814A中提出了一種用與電池組的冷卻系統，具有通過以恒定流動速度向電池供應製冷劑而發散電池芯產生熱量的效果，該方案針對大電流充放時，電池組的散熱能力增加，然而對密封電池包內的電池單元散熱級高穩定性並無幫助。 Searching on the disclosure of patent technology, searching the prior art literature, CN 101047274A proposes a heat sink using heat collecting plate, heat sink and pump; CN 101027814A proposes a cooling system for battery pack, which has The effect of supplying refrigerant to the battery at a constant flow rate to dissipate the heat generated by the battery core. This solution is aimed at increasing the heat dissipation capacity of the battery pack during high current charging and discharging, but it does not have high stability for the heat dissipation of the battery cells in the sealed battery pack. help.

進一步的技術，是利用相變材料在固-液相變過程中具有高儲熱密度的優點，能有效地改善電池裝置的散熱穩定性能，如專利CN200910039125.4.、CN200910184584.U、CN200510073005.8提出了利用相變材料對電池進行散熱冷卻的方法，但這些專利的技術只考慮電池單元的吸熱問題，並未考慮到高分子絕緣材料組成的電池 包外殼，是高熱阻的不良散熱體，因此在實際的應用熱量依然無法有效散發，基於上述安全因素的需要，在結構上必須要進一步改善，本技術開發的目的是針對現有動力電池散熱裝置存在的散熱效率低、溫度一致性差的缺陷，提供一種散熱效果好、相變材料沒有液態洩漏、導熱係數高，能有效實現相變材料放熱的複合機構的大功率電池散熱裝置。 A further technology is to use phase change materials to have the advantages of high heat storage density during the solid-liquid phase change process, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation stability of the battery device, such as patents CN200910039125.4., CN200910184584.U, CN200510073005.8 A method of using phase change materials to dissipate and cool the battery is proposed, but these patented technologies only consider the heat absorption of the battery cells, and do not consider the battery composed of polymer insulating materials. The package shell is a poor heat sink with high thermal resistance, so the heat cannot be effectively dissipated in actual applications. Based on the requirements of the above safety factors, the structure must be further improved. The purpose of this technology development is to address the existing power battery heat sink The defects of low heat dissipation efficiency and poor temperature consistency provide a high-power battery heat dissipation device with good heat dissipation effect, no liquid leakage of phase change material, high thermal conductivity, and a composite mechanism that can effectively realize phase change material heat release.

本發明具高穩定性散熱的電池包結構的目的，是針對現有動力電池包(1)裝置，存在該塑膠外殼體(11)的電池單元(121)、(122)散熱效率低、溫度一致性差、安全性低的缺陷，提供一種高散熱外殼體(112)，以降低其中電池單元(123)、(124)間溫差、具高導熱通路、安全性高的材料與結構技術，能實現高散熱外殼體電池包(2)的實用裝置。 The purpose of the battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation of the present invention is for the existing power battery pack (1) device, the battery cells (121), (122) with the plastic outer shell (11) have low heat dissipation efficiency and poor temperature consistency , The defect of low safety, provide a high heat dissipation outer shell (112) to reduce the temperature difference between the battery cells (123) and (124), high heat conduction path, high safety material and structure technology, which can achieve high heat dissipation A practical device for the outer shell battery pack (2).

由於大功率大容量的鋰離子電池組，是大動力使用設備的理想電源，如應用於電動汽車的發展，一般，是將多個電池單元以不同的形式串聯或並聯裝在一起構成一個電池包，再由多個電池包以串聯並聯方式組成一個更大的電池組，以達到所需的電壓或電流供應。 Because the high-power and large-capacity lithium-ion battery pack is an ideal power source for high-power equipment, such as the development of electric vehicles, generally, multiple battery cells are connected in different forms in series or parallel to form a battery pack , And then multiple battery packs are connected in series and parallel to form a larger battery pack to achieve the required voltage or current supply.

一般電池包內由多個電池單元組成，以串並聯密集構成於密封的絕緣塑膠外殼體(11)內，當快速充放電時電池單元溫度也就快速上升，而溫度對電池有著雙重影響：溫度越高電池內阻越小，相應的電池效率也就越高，因密集排佈的散熱差異因 素，電池包的中心區電池單元(122)排熱困難溫度較高，造成中心區電池單元(122)與邊緣區電池單元(121)，有大的溫度差異，放電電流越大溫度越高溫升越快，相對溫差也越大的不良循環，該狀況將促使中心區電池單元(122)快速劣化及損壞的狀態，嚴重時還會引該發電池起火、***等安全事故。 Generally, a battery pack is composed of multiple battery cells, which are densely formed in series and parallel in a sealed insulated plastic casing (11). The temperature of the battery cells also rises rapidly during rapid charging and discharging, and the temperature has a dual effect on the battery: temperature The higher the internal resistance of the battery, the smaller the corresponding battery efficiency, due to the densely arranged heat dissipation difference due to Therefore, the battery cell (122) in the central area of the battery pack has difficulty in discharging heat, and the temperature is high, which causes a large temperature difference between the battery cell (122) in the central area and the battery cell (121) in the peripheral area. The higher the discharge current, the higher the temperature. The faster the bad cycle, the greater the relative temperature difference, the situation will prompt the battery unit (122) in the central area to rapidly deteriorate and damage, and in severe cases, it will also cause safety accidents such as fire and explosion of the battery.

本發明所述的一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其特徵一，是在高散熱外殼體(112)電池包內，將多數電池單元，經串並聯結合後，將複合型相變材料料(Phase Change Materials,PCM)(13)，填充於電池單元與外殼體間隙，密封置於一絕緣的高散熱外殼體電池包(2)內，該高散熱外殼體(112)，採用高輻射散熱的材料，使電池在大電流充放電時所產生的大熱量突波，由複合型相變材料(13)吸收蓄熱以進行溫升的緩衝，再經由高散熱外殼體(112)的輻射作用散熱，排放至外界以達到散熱目的。 The battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation according to the present invention has the first feature: in the battery pack with a high heat dissipation outer shell (112), a large number of battery cells are combined in series and parallel, and a composite phase change material is used. (Phase Change Materials, PCM) (13), filled in the gap between the battery cell and the outer shell, sealed in an insulated high heat dissipation outer shell battery pack (2), the high heat dissipation outer shell (112) adopts high radiation heat dissipation The composite phase change material (13) absorbs and stores the heat to buffer the temperature rise, and then dissipates the heat through the radiation effect of the high heat dissipation housing (112). ，Exhaust to the outside to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.

當電池的第一種工作狀態，即電池單元正常發熱時，電池單元的熱量，由具有導熱係數0.8(W/K．M)以上、及儲能密度達50(J/g)以上特性的複合型相變材料，將PCM包覆之邊緣區電池單元(123)，與PCM包覆之中心區電池單元(124)，以同樣熱量傳遞方式，傳到高散熱外殼體(112)上。 When the battery is in the first working state, that is, when the battery cell generates heat normally, the heat of the battery cell is composed of a composite with a thermal conductivity of 0.8 (W/K.M) or more and an energy storage density of 50 (J/g) or more. -Type phase change material, the PCM-coated peripheral battery cell (123) and the PCM-coated central battery cell (124) are transferred to the high heat dissipation outer shell (112) in the same heat transfer method.

再由高散熱外殼體(112)，以導熱係數1(W/K．M)以上、及輻射散熱25%以上(60℃)特性，排放至外界以達到散熱目的。 Then the high heat dissipation outer shell (112) is discharged to the outside with a thermal conductivity of 1 (W/K.M) or more and a radiation heat dissipation of 25% or more (60°C) to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation.

電池的第二種工作狀態，即電池高速充放電時，造成大熱量的產生，當溫度上升到設定相變溫度時，複合型相變材料 吸收此一突發的熱量，使PCM包覆之邊緣區電池單元(123)，與PCM包覆之中心區電池單元(124)，以同樣熱量儲存方式，以維持電池在設定的溫度內，同時吸熱的複合型相變材料(13)，也繼續傳遞熱量到高散熱外殼體(112)排出熱量，從而實現電池單元的高穩定性散熱的安全效果。 The second working state of the battery, that is, when the battery is charged and discharged at a high speed, large heat is generated. When the temperature rises to the set phase change temperature, the composite phase change material Absorb this sudden heat, so that the PCM-coated edge area battery cell (123) and the PCM-coated central area battery cell (124) use the same heat storage method to maintain the battery at the set temperature, and at the same time The heat-absorbing composite phase change material (13) also continues to transfer heat to the high heat dissipation outer shell (112) to discharge the heat, thereby achieving the safety effect of high stability and heat dissipation of the battery unit.

電池的第三種工作狀態，即電池單元在非人為因素下過溫燃燒時，本複合型相變材料(13)，具有阻燃功能，可降低電池燃燒的危害狀態。 The third working state of the battery, that is, when the battery unit is overheated and burned under non-human factors, the composite phase change material (13) has a flame retardant function and can reduce the hazardous state of battery burning.

為使電池包具高散熱性能及安全性，本專利揭露第二特徵，是使用高散熱外殼體(112)的電池包，外殼體具絕緣、高散熱、耐衝擊性能等的技術，有效實現大功率電池的散熱問題，使電池包外殼體具有控溫、絕緣及主動散熱等特性。該電池包的絕緣外殼體，採用耐衝擊具有輻射散熱的高分子複合材料，具有導熱係數0.6(W/K．M)以上，及輻射散熱比率為25%以上(60℃)特性的材料，使內部熱量快速經由外殼體排熱。該絕緣外殼體材料，有機高分子含量為40wt%~96wt%，成分為聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、丙烯腈、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯的一種或兩種以上材料組成；無機物含量為60wt%~4wt%，成分為石墨、碳粉、碳球、石墨烯、氮化硼、氫氧化鋁、氧化鋁、矽酸鹽、鈣鎂碳酸鹽、高嶺石等一種或兩種以上組成。 In order to make the battery pack have high heat dissipation performance and safety, the second feature of this patent is to use a battery pack with a high heat dissipation outer shell (112). The outer shell has technologies such as insulation, high heat dissipation, and impact resistance, which can effectively achieve large The heat dissipation problem of the power battery makes the outer shell of the battery pack have the characteristics of temperature control, insulation and active heat dissipation. The insulating outer shell of the battery pack is made of impact-resistant polymer composite material with radiation heat dissipation, a material with a thermal conductivity of 0.6 (W/K·M) or more, and a radiation heat dissipation ratio of 25% or more (60°C), so that The internal heat is quickly discharged through the outer shell. The insulating shell material, the organic polymer content is 40wt%~96wt%, and the components are polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile, polyurethane, and polyvinyl chloride It is composed of one or two or more materials; the content of inorganic matter is 60wt%~4wt%, and the components are graphite, carbon powder, carbon ball, graphene, boron nitride, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, silicate, calcium magnesium carbonate , Kaolinite and other one or two or more compositions.

本發明高散熱外殼體電池包的複合型相變材料(13)，配 合電池使用狀態需要，該複合型相變材料，為可調相變點40℃~80℃溫度範圍、導熱係數0.6(W/K．M)以上、及儲能密度達50(J/g)以上、兼具有阻燃效果特性的複合材料。所述複合型相變材料中，有機高分子含量為25wt%~80wt%，成分為石蠟、飽和脂肪酸或直鏈烷烴的一種或兩種以上組成；無機物含量為75wt%~20wt%，成分為石墨、碳粉、石墨烯、氮化硼、泡沫鋁、泡沫銅、氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂、無機磷化合物、氧化銻、硼酸鹽、鈣鎂碳酸鹽、納米層狀矽酸鹽、無水碳酸鎂、埃洛石、多水高嶺石等一種或兩種以上組成。 The composite phase change material (13) of the high heat dissipation outer shell battery pack of the present invention is equipped with According to the requirements of the battery usage state, the composite phase change material has an adjustable phase change point in the temperature range of 40°C to 80°C, a thermal conductivity of 0.6 (W/K.M) or more, and an energy storage density of 50 (J/g) Above, composite materials with flame retardant effect characteristics. In the composite phase change material, the organic polymer content is 25wt%~80wt%, the composition is one or more of paraffin wax, saturated fatty acid or linear alkanes; the inorganic matter content is 75wt%-20wt%, and the composition is graphite , Carbon powder, graphene, boron nitride, foamed aluminum, foamed copper, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, inorganic phosphorus compounds, antimony oxide, borate, calcium magnesium carbonate, nano-layered silicate, anhydrous magnesium carbonate , Halloysite, halloysite, etc. one or more than two types.

本技術的高散熱外殼體電池包(2)，既能實現動力設備在比較惡劣的熱環境下電池有效地降溫，又能滿足各電池單元間，溫度分佈的均衡及高速充放電產生的熱量突波，從而達到動力設備的良好運行條件，因該材料沒有流動及洩漏問題、無腐蝕性、無毒、穩定性高的特性，使電池包在整體電池系統中易操作和維護，有效用於高功率的動力電池散熱，提高電池的工作性能、壽命和安全可靠等性能。 The high heat dissipation outer shell battery pack (2) of this technology can not only realize the effective cooling of the battery in the relatively harsh thermal environment of the power equipment, but also meet the balance of temperature distribution among the battery cells and the sudden heat generated by high-speed charging and discharging. Wave, so as to achieve good operating conditions for power equipment, because the material has no flow and leakage problems, non-corrosive, non-toxic, and high stability characteristics, making the battery pack easy to operate and maintain in the overall battery system, and effectively used for high power The power battery dissipates heat, which improves the performance, life, safety and reliability of the battery.

1‧‧‧電池包 1‧‧‧Battery pack

2‧‧‧高散熱外殼體電池包 2‧‧‧High heat dissipation outer shell battery pack

11‧‧‧塑膠外殼體 11‧‧‧Plastic housing

112‧‧‧高散熱外殼體 112‧‧‧High heat dissipation shell

121‧‧‧邊緣區電池單元 121‧‧‧Edge Zone Battery Unit

122‧‧‧中心區電池單元 122‧‧‧Central area battery unit

123‧‧‧PCM包覆之邊緣區電池單元 123‧‧‧PCM-coated edge area battery unit

124‧‧‧PCM包覆之中心區電池單元 124‧‧‧PCM coated central battery unit

13‧‧‧複合型相變材料 13‧‧‧Composite phase change material

第1圖 一般電池包裝置剖視圖。 Figure 1 Sectional view of a general battery pack device.

第2圖 係本發明之高穩定性散熱的電池包結構剖視圖。 Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation of the present invention.

一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，第一實施例，以複合 型相變材料配合電池需要，採用相變點為65℃溫度範圍、絕緣電阻>1010Ω、導熱率為1.0(W/K．M)、潛熱值達130(J/g)、與UL94V2阻燃特性。 High stability of the battery pack cooling structure of a first embodiment, the phase change material in a composite with the battery as needed, using the phase transition point is 65 ℃ temperature range, insulation resistance> 10 10 Ω, a thermal conductivity of 1.0 (W / K ．M), latent heat value of 130 (J/g), and UL94V2 flame retardant properties.

該複合型相變材料中，含量為43wt%硬脂酸、5wt%含量的石墨粉、0.6wt%含量的碳球奈米顆粒、0.4wt%含量的石墨烯、24wt%含量的氫氧化鋁粉體、27wt%含量的鈣鎂碳酸鹽粉體組成。 In the composite phase change material, the content is 43wt% stearic acid, 5wt% graphite powder, 0.6wt% carbon ball nanoparticle, 0.4wt% graphene, 24wt% aluminum hydroxide powder It is composed of calcium magnesium carbonate powder with a content of 27wt%.

本電池包使用高散熱外殼體，該外殼體材料，含量為聚碳酸酯82wt%、含量為1wt%碳球、0.5wt%石墨烯、2.5wt%石墨、7wt%氧化鋁、7wt%鈣鎂矽酸鹽組成，外殼體採用絕緣電阻>1010Ω、導熱率為1.0(W/K．M)特性材料所構成。 This battery pack uses a high heat dissipation outer shell. The outer shell material contains 82wt% polycarbonate, 1wt% carbon ball, 0.5wt% graphene, 2.5wt% graphite, 7wt% alumina, 7wt% calcium magnesium silicon It is composed of acid salt, and the outer shell is made of materials with insulation resistance> 10 10 Ω and thermal conductivity of 1.0 (W/K.M).

本技術之高穩定性散熱複合功能的電池結構實施方法，先將電池包的高散熱外殼體抽真空，然後向所述外殼體注入，經加溫成液態的複合型相變材料，再密封外殼體，以形成內部緻密容納複合型相變材料的密閉腔體，使該電池具有良好的散熱方式、高儲熱能量、阻燃性、高絕緣性，沒有流動及洩漏問題、無腐蝕性、無毒、穩定性高等性能。 The method for implementing the battery structure with high stability and heat dissipation composite function of this technology is to first vacuumize the high heat dissipation outer shell of the battery pack, and then inject it into the outer shell, and then heat it into a liquid composite phase change material, and then seal the shell Body, to form a closed cavity for densely containing the composite phase change material inside, so that the battery has good heat dissipation, high heat storage energy, flame retardancy, high insulation, no flow and leakage problems, non-corrosive, non-toxic , High stability and other performance.

一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，第二實施例，以複合型相變材料配合電池需要，採用相變點為75℃溫度範圍、絕緣電阻>1010Ω、導熱率為1.0(W/K．M)、潛熱值達130(J/g)、與UL94V2阻燃特性。 High stability of the battery pack cooling structure of a second embodiment, phase change material to complex with the battery as needed, using the phase transition point at 75 ℃ range, insulation resistance> 10 10 Ω, a thermal conductivity of 1.0 (W / K ．M), latent heat value of 130 (J/g), and UL94V2 flame retardant properties.

該複合型相變材料中，含量為30wt%硬脂酸、15wt%石 蠟、3wt%含量的石墨粉、0.6wt%含量的碳球奈米顆粒、0.4wt%含量的石墨烯、12wt%含量無機磷化合物粉體、27wt%含量的納米層狀矽酸鹽粉體組成。 In the composite phase change material, the content is 30wt% stearic acid, 15wt% stone Wax, 3wt% graphite powder, 0.6wt% carbon ball nanoparticle, 0.4wt% graphene, 12wt% inorganic phosphorus compound powder, 27wt% nano-layered silicate powder .

本電池包使用高散熱外殼體，該外殼體材料，含量為聚碳酸酯82wt%、含量為1wt%碳球、0.5wt%石墨烯、2.5wt%石墨、7wt%氧化鋁、7wt%鈣鎂矽酸鹽組成，外殼體採用絕緣電阻>1010Ω、導熱率為1.0(W/K．M)特性材料所構成。 This battery pack uses a high heat dissipation outer shell. The outer shell material contains 82wt% polycarbonate, 1wt% carbon ball, 0.5wt% graphene, 2.5wt% graphite, 7wt% alumina, 7wt% calcium magnesium silicon It is composed of acid salt, and the outer shell is made of materials with insulation resistance> 10 10 Ω and thermal conductivity of 1.0 (W/K.M).

本高穩定性散熱的電池，於各電池單元間放置一玻纖布，再將電池包的高散熱外殼體抽真空，然後向所述外殼體注入，經加溫成液態的複合型相變材料，經密封外殼體，以形成內部緻密含浸複合型相變材料的密閉腔體，使該電池具有良好的散熱方式、高儲熱能量、阻燃性、高絕緣性，沒有流動及洩漏問題、無腐蝕性、無毒、穩定性高等性能。 In this high-stability heat-dissipating battery, a glass fiber cloth is placed between each battery cell, and then the high heat-dissipating outer shell of the battery pack is evacuated, and then injected into the outer shell, and heated to a liquid composite phase change material , After sealing the outer shell to form a closed cavity with dense internal impregnated composite phase change material, the battery has a good heat dissipation method, high heat storage energy, flame retardancy, high insulation, no flow and leakage problems, no Corrosive, non-toxic, high stability and other properties.

2‧‧‧高散熱外殼體電池包 2‧‧‧High heat dissipation outer shell battery pack

112‧‧‧高散熱外殼體 112‧‧‧High heat dissipation shell

123‧‧‧PCM包覆之邊緣區電池單元 123‧‧‧PCM-coated edge area battery unit

124‧‧‧PCM包覆之中心區電池單元 124‧‧‧PCM coated central battery unit

13‧‧‧複合型相變材料 13‧‧‧Composite phase change material

Figure 108122760-A0101-11-0002-1
Figure 108122760-A0101-11-0002-1

Claims (9)

一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，包括：一複合型相變材料，填充於電池單元與高散熱外殼體間隙，使電池在正常工作狀態下有良好的導熱機制，當大電流充放電時所產生的大熱量突波，由複合型相變材料吸收熱量以進行溫升的緩衝，降低各電池單元間溫差；一絕緣高散熱外殼體，高散熱外殼體可將複合型相變材料吸收的熱量，以輻射熱方式排出，以達到電池包可維持在設定的控制溫度點，並具有高導熱、散熱、阻燃的目的。 A battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, including: a composite phase change material, filled in the gap between the battery cell and the high heat dissipation outer shell, so that the battery has a good heat conduction mechanism under normal working conditions. The large heat surge generated by the composite phase change material absorbs heat to buffer the temperature rise and reduce the temperature difference between the battery cells; an insulated high heat dissipation shell body can absorb the heat of the composite phase change material , It is discharged by radiant heat, so that the battery pack can be maintained at the set control temperature point, and has the purpose of high thermal conductivity, heat dissipation and flame retardancy. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其高散熱外殼體特徵是，採用具有導熱係數0.8(W/K．M)以上的絕緣耐衝擊高分子材料。 According to the first item in the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, its high heat dissipation outer shell is characterized by the use of insulating and impact resistant polymer materials with a thermal conductivity of 0.8 (W/K.M) or more. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其高散熱外殼體特徵是，具有在60℃時，輻射散熱值30%以上特性。 According to the first item of the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, its high heat dissipation outer shell is characterized by the characteristics of a radiation heat dissipation value of more than 30% at 60°C. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其高散熱外殼體特徵是，含有機高分子含量為50wt%~96wt%，成分為聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚醯胺、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、丙烯腈、聚氨酯、聚氯乙烯的一種或兩種以上材料組成。 According to the first item in the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation. Its high heat dissipation outer shell is characterized by the organic polymer content of 50wt%~96wt%, and the components are polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, Polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, one or two or more materials. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其高散熱外殼體特徵是，具有無機物含量為60wt%~4wt%，成分為石墨、碳粉、碳球、氮化硼、石墨烯、氫氧化鋁、氧化鋁、矽酸鹽、鈣鎂碳酸鹽、高嶺石等一種或兩種以上組成。 According to the first item of the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, its high heat dissipation outer shell is characterized by an inorganic content of 60wt%~4wt%, and the composition is graphite, carbon powder, carbon balls, boron nitride, Graphene, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum oxide, silicate, calcium magnesium carbonate, kaolinite and other one or more than two components. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其複合型相變材料，特徵是，採用可調相變點為40℃~100℃溫度範圍的材料。 According to the first item in the scope of the patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, the composite phase change material is characterized by using materials with an adjustable phase change point in the temperature range of 40°C to 100°C. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其複合型相 變材料，特徵是，所述複合型相變材料中，有機高分子含量為30wt%~80wt%，成分為石蠟、飽和脂肪酸或直鏈烷烴高分子的一種或兩種以上組成。 According to the first item in the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation, its composite phase The variable material is characterized in that, in the composite phase change material, the organic polymer content is 30 wt% to 80 wt%, and the composition is one or more of paraffin wax, saturated fatty acid or linear alkane polymer. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其複合型相變材料，特徵是：採用無機物含量為70wt%~20wt%，成分為石墨、碳粉、石墨烯、氮化硼、泡沫鋁、泡沫銅、氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂、無機磷化合物、氧化銻、硼酸鹽、鈣鎂碳酸鹽、納米層狀矽酸鹽、無水碳酸鎂、埃洛石、多水高嶺石等一種或兩種以上組成。 According to the first item in the scope of patent application, a high-stability heat-dissipating battery pack structure, its composite phase change material is characterized by the use of inorganic matter content of 70wt%-20wt%, and the composition is graphite, carbon powder, graphene, and nitride Boron, foamed aluminum, foamed copper, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, inorganic phosphorus compounds, antimony oxide, borate, calcium magnesium carbonate, nano-layered silicate, anhydrous magnesium carbonate, halloysite, halloysite One or two or more compositions. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之一種高穩定性散熱的電池包結構，其電池單元與高散熱外殼體間隙，特徵是：所述間隙，於各電池單元間放置一玻纖布，可形成緻密含浸複合型相變材料的密閉腔體。 According to the first item in the scope of patent application, a battery pack structure with high stability and heat dissipation. The gap between the battery cell and the high heat dissipation outer shell is characterized in that a glass fiber cloth is placed between each battery cell to form a dense impregnation. A closed cavity of composite phase change material.
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