TW202021862A - Transmission system - Google Patents
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- TW202021862A TW202021862A TW108135270A TW108135270A TW202021862A TW 202021862 A TW202021862 A TW 202021862A TW 108135270 A TW108135270 A TW 108135270A TW 108135270 A TW108135270 A TW 108135270A TW 202021862 A TW202021862 A TW 202021862A
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- clutch
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- shaft
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
- B62M9/06—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/10—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/105—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like involving front sprocket chain-wheels engaged by the chain, belt or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M1/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
- B62M1/24—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers
- B62M1/28—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers characterised by the use of flexible drive members, e.g. chains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M23/00—Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
- B62M9/06—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/10—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
- B62M9/06—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/10—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/12—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like the chain, belt, or the like being laterally shiftable, e.g. using a rear derailleur
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/12—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
- F16D41/14—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like the effective stroke of the pawl being adjustable
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/24—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles
- F16D41/30—Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D47/00—Systems of clutches, or clutches and couplings, comprising devices of types grouped under at least two of the preceding guide headings
- F16D47/04—Systems of clutches, or clutches and couplings, comprising devices of types grouped under at least two of the preceding guide headings of which at least one is a freewheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M25/00—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
- B62M25/02—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers
- B62M25/04—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers hand actuated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M25/00—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
- B62M25/08—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with electrical or fluid transmitting systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/04—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio
- B62M9/06—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/10—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like
- B62M9/12—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of changeable ratio using a single chain, belt, or the like involving different-sized wheels, e.g. rear sprocket chain wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like the chain, belt, or the like being laterally shiftable, e.g. using a rear derailleur
- B62M9/121—Rear derailleurs
- B62M9/123—Rear derailleurs changing gears automatically
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明整體上關於一種傳動系統，尤其關於一種自動傳動系統。 在多個實施例中，傳動系統包括一個或多個離合器，其中一個或多個離合器具有固定的寬度。The present invention relates generally to a transmission system, and more particularly to an automatic transmission system. In various embodiments, the transmission system includes one or more clutches, where one or more clutches have a fixed width.
傳動系統用於各種車輛和工業設備中，以提供從輸入到輸出的受控動力施加。這些系統通常使用一定數量的齒輪以及一個或多個離合器，以控制從輸入到輸出的動力施加。Transmission systems are used in various vehicles and industrial equipment to provide controlled power application from input to output. These systems usually use a certain number of gears and one or more clutches to control the application of power from input to output.
傳動系統被配置為提供給定輸入的所需輸出。這可能導致控制來自輸入的動力的施加，以在高扭矩下提供較慢的輸出速度，或提供較高的輸出速度。The transmission system is configured to provide the required output for a given input. This may result in controlling the application of power from the input to provide a slower output speed at high torque, or to provide a higher output speed.
離合器在傳動系統中的目的是連接和分離兩個旋轉軸，使得當離合器被接合時，輸入軸的旋轉被傳遞到輸出軸，隨後當離合器鬆脫，每個軸彼此獨立轉動。離合器通常透過一個部件相對於另一部件的軸向運動來工作，隨後，這些部件摩擦地接合或互鎖以在它們之間傳遞運動。特別是在小型傳動系統中，可能難以容納允許軸向運動所需的空間。The purpose of the clutch in the transmission system is to connect and disconnect the two rotating shafts, so that when the clutch is engaged, the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft, and then when the clutch is released, each shaft rotates independently of each other. Clutches generally work through the axial movement of one component relative to another, and these components are then frictionally engaged or interlocked to transmit movement between them. Especially in a small transmission system, it may be difficult to accommodate the space required to allow axial movement.
傳動系統通常根據齒輪的數量提供複數個齒輪比，以及提供在這些齒輪比之間切換以提供速度和/或方向變化的裝置。Transmission systems generally provide multiple gear ratios according to the number of gears, and provide a device for switching between these gear ratios to provide speed and/or direction changes.
考慮到自行車，其傳動系統通常包括位於中央的鏈環，以及兩個曲柄臂，固定至該鏈環。鏈環與後鏈輪組間隔開，鏈條/皮帶跨在它們之間。騎行者契合於曲柄臂以提供輸入並旋轉鏈環。騎行者輸入扭矩的結果施加在鏈環上，並透過鏈條傳遞到後鏈輪。這會導致後鏈輪旋轉。後鏈輪組被固定到自行車後輪的軸上，使得後鏈輪組的旋轉轉換成後輪的旋轉。Considering a bicycle, its transmission system usually includes a chain ring in the center and two crank arms fixed to the chain ring. The chain links are spaced from the rear sprocket set, and the chain/belt spans between them. The rider fits the crank arm to provide input and rotate the link. The result of the torque input by the rider is applied to the chain link and transmitted to the rear sprocket through the chain. This will cause the rear sprocket to spin. The rear sprocket set is fixed to the axle of the rear wheel of the bicycle, so that the rotation of the rear sprocket set is converted into the rotation of the rear wheel.
為了控制從騎行者施加到後輪的動力，傳動系統提供了齒輪系統。齒輪系統使騎行者能夠換擋，從而控制騎行者的輸入對後輪的影響。該齒輪系統通常包括一定數量直徑不同的同軸安裝的後鏈輪和一定數量直徑也不同的同軸安裝的鏈環。透過換檔，騎行者可以使鏈條移動到鏈輪或鏈環的不同組合上，從而使騎行者可以選擇最適合條件的齒輪比。In order to control the power applied from the rider to the rear wheels, the transmission system provides a gear system. The gear system enables the rider to change gears, thereby controlling the influence of rider's input on the rear wheels. The gear system usually includes a certain number of coaxially installed rear sprockets with different diameters and a certain number of coaxially installed chain rings with different diameters. By shifting gears, the rider can move the chain to different combinations of sprockets or chain links, so that the rider can choose the gear ratio that best suits the conditions.
齒輪系統通常包括變速器，該變速器使自行車的鏈條運動並引導至不同的鏈輪，以便提供不同的齒輪比。如果自行車有複數個後鏈輪和複數個鏈環，則自行車將有一個專用於每組變速器。The gear system usually includes a transmission that moves the bicycle chain and guides it to different sprockets in order to provide different gear ratios. If the bicycle has multiple rear sprockets and multiple chain links, the bicycle will have a dedicated transmission for each set.
儘管在自行車上廣泛使用變速器，但是它們並非沒有問題。在當前的自行車傳動系統中，變速器會在換檔時使鏈條脫離，並使換檔（升或降）時產生困難。Although transmissions are widely used on bicycles, they are not without problems. In the current bicycle transmission system, the transmission will disengage the chain when changing gears and make it difficult to change gears (up or down).
此外，大多數齒輪組合導致鏈條，係被定位在與鏈環的平面和/或與鏈條接合的後鏈輪的平面成一定角度之平面中。這顯著地降低了自行車傳動系統的效率，並使所有齒輪比都無法使用。實際上，提供最大效率的直線鏈條設置僅可實現於少量檔位設置的自行車傳動系統。In addition, most gear combinations result in a chain that is positioned in a plane that is angled to the plane of the chain link and/or the plane of the rear sprocket that engages the chain. This significantly reduces the efficiency of the bicycle transmission system and makes all gear ratios unusable. In fact, the linear chain setting that provides maximum efficiency can only be implemented in a bicycle transmission system with a small number of gear settings.
自行車上的典型齒輪系統係要求操作者手動調節控制桿以換檔。因此，這取決於騎行者準確地知道何時是換檔的最佳時間。即使對於經驗豐富的騎行者來說，於最佳時點換檔是一個挑戰，更不用說那些經驗很少或沒有經驗的騎行者。在大多數情況下，騎行者發現不方便的是必須連續地選擇檔位和/或在適當時機不換檔，這導致速度和效率的降低。The typical gear system on a bicycle requires the operator to manually adjust the lever to shift gears. Therefore, it depends on the rider knowing exactly when is the best time to change gears. Even for experienced cyclists, shifting gears at the optimal point can be a challenge, not to mention those with little or no experience. In most cases, it is inconvenient for cyclists to select gears continuously and/or not to change gears at appropriate times, which results in a decrease in speed and efficiency.
另外，變速器傳動機構暴露於環境中導致污染，這反過來又降低了它們的有效使用壽命並增加了維護和故障風險。為了實現最佳操作，變速器需要經常進行調節和潤滑，以確保在換檔時將鏈條引導至正確的齒輪。In addition, exposure of the transmission transmission mechanism to the environment causes pollution, which in turn reduces their effective service life and increases the risk of maintenance and failure. For optimal operation, the transmission needs to be adjusted and lubricated frequently to ensure that the chain is guided to the correct gear when changing gears.
變速器傳動機構的另一個缺點是，在鏈條重新定位時，換擋的過程導致動力傳遞的暫時損失。這導致騎行者輸入的損失，特別是在上坡騎行時，因為由此產生的動量損失需要額外的努力才能使自行車回到換擋之前的速度。Another disadvantage of the transmission transmission mechanism is that when the chain is repositioned, the process of shifting causes a temporary loss of power transmission. This leads to a loss of rider input, especially when riding uphill, because the resulting loss of momentum requires extra effort to get the bike back to the speed before the shift.
變速器傳動機構還對自行車的物理衝擊、缺乏機械對準、部件不匹配以及騎行者的錯誤操作敏感。這些因素可能導致鏈條脫落，以及導致將騎行者的能量轉換為自行車運動時，普遍效率低下。The transmission transmission mechanism is also sensitive to physical impact of the bicycle, lack of mechanical alignment, component mismatch, and incorrect operation by the rider. These factors may cause the chain to fall off, and result in general inefficiency in converting the energy of the rider into bicycle motion.
背景技術的以上討論旨在僅促進對本發明的理解。儘管討論集中在自行車的傳動系統上，但很容易理解，在其他應用中使用的傳動系統中也存在類似的問題。The above discussion of the background art is intended only to promote an understanding of the present invention. Although the discussion focused on the bicycle's transmission system, it is easy to understand that similar problems exist in transmission systems used in other applications.
本發明的目的是提供一種傳動系統，其改善、減輕或克服了先前技術的至少一個缺點，或者將至少為公眾提供實用的選擇。The object of the present invention is to provide a transmission system that improves, alleviates or overcomes at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or at least provides a practical choice for the public.
本發明提供了一種傳動系統，其基於某些預定標準來控制來自一輸入的一輸出，該傳動系統包括： 一第一軸，其提供該輸入； 一第二軸，其提供該輸出； 該第一軸連接至該第二軸； 至少一個傳動離合器(亦簡稱離合器)，其在該第一軸的輸入使該第二軸旋轉的一接合狀態和該第一軸相對於該第二軸獨立地旋轉的一鬆脫狀態之間係可移動的，該傳動離合器包括： 一離合器輸出元件，固定在第二軸上，該離合器輸出元件選擇性地連接到一離合器輸入元件，其中，該離合器輸出元件與該離合器輸入元件之間的軸向距離是固定的； 一控制裝置，其將該傳動離合器從該鬆脫狀態移動到該接合狀態，該控制裝置包括一個或多個感測器，用於感測該傳動系統的一個或多個狀態，隨後，該控制裝置感測到一個或多個條件狀態預定標準，該控制裝置將該傳動離合器移至該接合狀態。The present invention provides a transmission system, which controls an output from an input based on certain predetermined standards, the transmission system including: A first axis, which provides the input; A second shaft, which provides the output; The first shaft is connected to the second shaft; At least one transmission clutch (also referred to as a clutch), which is connected between an engaged state in which the input of the first shaft causes the second shaft to rotate and a released state in which the first shaft rotates independently with respect to the second shaft Removable, the transmission clutch includes: A clutch output element fixed on the second shaft, the clutch output element is selectively connected to a clutch input element, wherein the axial distance between the clutch output element and the clutch input element is fixed; A control device that moves the transmission clutch from the disengaged state to the engaged state. The control device includes one or more sensors for sensing one or more states of the transmission system. Then, the control The device senses one or more predetermined criteria of the condition state, and the control device moves the transmission clutch to the engaged state.
較佳地，該傳動系統基於該輸入來自動地控制該輸出。Preferably, the transmission system automatically controls the output based on the input.
本發明還提供了一種自動的傳動系統，包含： 一第一軸，其提供一輸入； 一第二軸，其提供一輸出； 該第一軸連接至該第二軸； 至少一個傳動離合器，其在一鬆脫狀態和一接合狀態之間是可移動的，其中，在該接合狀態，該第一軸的輸入使該第二軸旋轉，當該傳動離合器在該鬆脫狀態和該接合狀態之間移動時，維持固定的軸向寬度； 一控制裝置，其將該傳動離合器從該鬆脫狀態移動到該接合狀態，該控制裝置包括一個或多個感測器，用於感測該傳動系統的一個或多個狀態，隨後，該控制裝置感測到一個或多個狀態滿足預定標準，該控制裝置自動使該傳動離合器移動至該接合狀態。The present invention also provides an automatic transmission system, including: A first axis, which provides an input; A second shaft, which provides an output; The first shaft is connected to the second shaft; At least one transmission clutch is movable between a disengaged state and an engaged state, wherein, in the engaged state, the input of the first shaft causes the second shaft to rotate, when the transmission clutch is in the disengaged state When moving between the state and the engaged state, maintain a fixed axial width; A control device that moves the transmission clutch from the disengaged state to the engaged state. The control device includes one or more sensors for sensing one or more states of the transmission system. Then, the control The device senses that one or more states meet a predetermined standard, and the control device automatically moves the transmission clutch to the engaged state.
該第二軸可以選擇性地提供一期望的輸出。The second shaft can selectively provide a desired output.
本發明還提供一種自動的傳動系統，包含： 一第一軸，其提供一輸入； 一第二軸，選擇性地提供一期望的輸出； 該第一軸連接至該第二軸； 至少一個傳動離合器，其在一鬆脫狀態和一接合狀態之間是可移動的，其中，在該接合狀態，該第一軸的輸入使該第二軸旋轉，當該傳動離合器在該鬆脫狀態和該接合狀態之間移動時，維持固定的軸向寬度； 一控制裝置，其將該傳動離合器從該鬆脫狀態移動到該接合狀態，該控制裝置包括一個或多個感測器，用於感測該傳動系統的一個或多個狀態，隨後，該控制裝置感測到一個或多個狀態滿足預定標準，該控制裝置自動使該傳動離合器移動至該接合狀態。The present invention also provides an automatic transmission system, including: A first axis, which provides an input; A second shaft, selectively providing a desired output; The first shaft is connected to the second shaft; At least one transmission clutch is movable between a disengaged state and an engaged state, wherein, in the engaged state, the input of the first shaft causes the second shaft to rotate, when the transmission clutch is in the disengaged state When moving between the state and the engaged state, maintain a fixed axial width; A control device that moves the transmission clutch from the disengaged state to the engaged state. The control device includes one or more sensors for sensing one or more states of the transmission system. Then, the control The device senses that one or more states meet a predetermined standard, and the control device automatically moves the transmission clutch to the engaged state.
至少一個傳動離合器可以與該第二軸相關聯。較佳地，至少一個傳動離合器安裝在該第二軸上。At least one transmission clutch may be associated with the second shaft. Preferably, at least one transmission clutch is mounted on the second shaft.
該傳動系統可以被配置為向一給定輸入提供各種輸出。也就是說，該輸入可能會產生比該輸入快的、等於該輸入或比該輸入慢的一輸出。The transmission system can be configured to provide various outputs to a given input. That is, the input may produce an output that is faster than the input, equal to the input, or slower than the input.
該傳動系統可以包括一齒輪系統，該齒輪系統可以被配置為提供該期望的輸出。The transmission system may include a gear system, which may be configured to provide the desired output.
該齒輪系統可以包括一個或多個固定在該第一軸上的驅動輪。該一個或多個驅動輪的直徑可以不同。The gear system may include one or more drive wheels fixed on the first shaft. The diameter of the one or more driving wheels can be different.
該齒輪系統可以包括一個或多個固定在該第二軸上的輸入輪。該一個或多個輸入輪的直徑可以不同。The gear system may include one or more input wheels fixed on the second shaft. The diameter of the one or more input wheels can be different.
在一種變型中，該齒輪系統可包括一中間齒輪設備，其中該一個或多個驅動輪直接與一中間齒輪設備的一輸入嚙合，並且該中間齒輪設備的一輸出直接與該一個或多個輸入輪嚙合。該中間齒輪設備可包括一個或多個軸，每個軸上具有一個或多個輪。可替代地，該中間齒輪設備可以是進一步的傳動系統的形式，係與本發明的傳動系統是相同類型或不同類型。In a variant, the gear system may include an intermediate gear device, wherein the one or more drive wheels directly mesh with an input of an intermediate gear device, and an output of the intermediate gear device directly engages the one or more inputs. The wheels are engaged. The intermediate gear device may include one or more shafts, each with one or more wheels. Alternatively, the intermediate gear device may be in the form of a further transmission system, which is the same type or a different type from the transmission system of the present invention.
較佳地，對於每個驅動輪，有一個對應的輸入輪。Preferably, for each drive wheel, there is a corresponding input wheel.
較佳地，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個連接至其對應的輸入輪，使得該一個或多個驅動輪的移動來使對應的輸入輪的移動。較佳地，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個係以恆定嚙合的方式連接至其對應的輸入輪。Preferably, each of the one or more driving wheels is connected to its corresponding input wheel, so that the movement of the one or more driving wheels causes the corresponding input wheel to move. Preferably, each of the one or more driving wheels is connected to its corresponding input wheel in a constant meshing manner.
在本發明的一方面，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個透過一電纜連接至其對應的輸入輪，其中，該電纜接合該驅動輪和該輸入輪。該電纜可以摩擦方式嚙合該驅動輪和該輸入輪。如本領域具有通常知識者將容易理解的，該電纜可以是皮帶或跨過每個驅動輪與其對應的輸入輪之間的其他類似的柔性細長元件的形式，例如鍊條或齒形皮帶。In one aspect of the present invention, each of the one or more drive wheels is connected to its corresponding input wheel through a cable, wherein the cable engages the drive wheel and the input wheel. The cable can frictionally engage the drive wheel and the input wheel. As those skilled in the art will readily understand, the cable may be in the form of a belt or other similar flexible elongated element spanning between each drive wheel and its corresponding input wheel, such as a chain or a toothed belt.
在本發明的另一方面，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個係呈驅動齒輪的形式，並且其對應的輸入輪係呈輸入齒輪的形式，其中該一個或多個驅動齒輪直接與其對應的輸入齒輪嚙合。In another aspect of the present invention, each of the one or more drive wheels is in the form of a drive gear, and its corresponding input gear is in the form of an input gear, wherein the one or more drive gears directly correspond to it The input gear meshes.
在本發明的又一方面，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個係呈驅動齒輪的形式，並且其對應的輸入輪係呈輸入齒輪的形式，其中該一個或多個驅動齒輪與一中間齒輪設備的一輸入直接嚙合，該中間齒輪設備的一輸出與對應於該驅動齒輪的輸入齒輪直接嚙合。該中間齒輪設備可包括一個或多個軸，每個軸上具有一個或多個齒輪。可替代地，該中間齒輪設備可以是進一步的傳動系統的形式，係與本發明的傳動系統是相同類型或不同類型。In yet another aspect of the present invention, each of the one or more drive wheels is in the form of a drive gear, and its corresponding input gear is in the form of an input gear, wherein the one or more drive gears and an intermediate An input of the gear device directly meshes, and an output of the intermediate gear device directly meshes with the input gear corresponding to the drive gear. The intermediate gear device may include one or more shafts, each with one or more gears. Alternatively, the intermediate gear device may be in the form of a further transmission system, which is the same type or a different type from the transmission system of the present invention.
在本發明的又一方面，該一個或多個驅動輪中的每一個係呈驅動鏈輪的形式，並且其對應的輸入輪係呈輸入鏈輪的形式，其中該一個或多個驅動鏈輪中的每一個透過一鏈條連接到其對應的輸入鏈輪。In yet another aspect of the present invention, each of the one or more drive wheels is in the form of a drive sprocket, and its corresponding input gear is in the form of an input sprocket, wherein the one or more drive sprocket Each of them is connected to its corresponding input sprocket through a chain.
在一個配置中，該一個或多個驅動輪和對應的輸入輪可包括一第一驅動鏈輪及其對應的第一輸入鏈輪、一第二驅動鏈輪及其對應的第二輸入鏈輪以及一第三驅動鏈輪及其對應的第三輸入鏈輪。該傳動系統可以包括基於應用所需的多個驅動鏈輪和輸入鏈輪。這樣的變化對於本領域具有通常知識者是容易想到的，並且在本說明書的範圍內。In one configuration, the one or more drive wheels and corresponding input wheels may include a first drive sprocket and its corresponding first input sprocket, a second drive sprocket and its corresponding second input sprocket And a third drive sprocket and its corresponding third input sprocket. The transmission system may include multiple drive sprockets and input sprockets as required by the application. Such a change is easily conceived by those with ordinary knowledge in the art, and is within the scope of this specification.
該第一驅動鏈輪、第二驅動鏈輪和第三驅動鏈輪可以固定地安裝在該第一軸上。The first drive sprocket, the second drive sprocket and the third drive sprocket may be fixedly mounted on the first shaft.
對應的第一輸入鏈輪、第二輸入鏈輪和第三輸入鏈輪可以安裝在該第二軸上。The corresponding first input sprocket, second input sprocket and third input sprocket may be mounted on the second shaft.
在這種配置中，該第一輸入鏈輪與一第一離合器相關聯，該第二輸入鏈輪與一第二離合器相關聯，並且該第三輸入鏈輪與一第三離合器相關聯。該第一離合器為楔形離合器或類似的單向裝置的形式，或者可以按照本文所述的傳動離合器的形式。較佳地，該第二離合器和該第三離合器與本文所述的傳動離合器相同。In this configuration, the first input sprocket is associated with a first clutch, the second input sprocket is associated with a second clutch, and the third input sprocket is associated with a third clutch. This first clutch is in the form of a wedge clutch or similar one-way device, or may be in the form of a transmission clutch as described herein. Preferably, the second clutch and the third clutch are the same as the transmission clutch described herein.
每個輸入鏈輪可包括一軸承，以在相應的離合器鬆脫時允許相應的輸入鏈輪相對於該第二軸獨立地旋轉。Each input sprocket may include a bearing to allow the corresponding input sprocket to independently rotate relative to the second shaft when the corresponding clutch is released.
該第一驅動鏈輪和該第一輸入鏈輪可以提供一第一齒輪比，並且可以透過在其周圍延伸的一第一鏈條相互連接。該第一齒輪比可以提供最低的齒輪比。該第一齒輪比可以是預設齒輪比（即預設狀態），隨後，自該第一軸上移除旋轉力，將導致該傳動系統返回到該第一齒輪比的設置。The first drive sprocket and the first input sprocket can provide a first gear ratio and can be connected to each other through a first chain extending around them. This first gear ratio can provide the lowest gear ratio. The first gear ratio may be a preset gear ratio (ie, a preset state), and subsequently, removing the rotational force from the first shaft will cause the transmission system to return to the setting of the first gear ratio.
該第二驅動鏈輪和該第二輸入鏈輪可以提供一第二齒輪比，並且可以透過在其周圍延伸的一第二鏈條相互連接。The second drive sprocket and the second input sprocket can provide a second gear ratio and can be connected to each other through a second chain extending around them.
該第三驅動鏈輪和該第三輸入鏈輪可以提供一第三齒輪比，並且可以透過在其周圍延伸的一第三鏈條相互連接。該傳動系統可以包括複數個附加的驅動鏈輪、複數個輸入鏈輪、複數個鏈條和複數個離合器，以提供更多的齒輪比。The third drive sprocket and the third input sprocket can provide a third gear ratio and can be connected to each other through a third chain extending around them. The transmission system may include a plurality of additional drive sprockets, a plurality of input sprockets, a plurality of chains, and a plurality of clutches to provide more gear ratios.
該傳動系統可包括一張緊器，用於將該等鏈條保持在所需的張緊狀態。The transmission system may include a tensioner to keep the chains in the required tension.
該傳動系統可以被容納在基本密封的一殼體中，其中該第一軸和該第二軸從其延伸。The transmission system may be housed in a substantially sealed housing with the first shaft and the second shaft extending therefrom.
該第二軸可提供用於驅動一輸出的一輸出鏈輪，例如自行車的後輪。該輸出鏈輪可以在該殼體的外部。The second shaft can provide an output sprocket for driving an output, such as the rear wheel of a bicycle. The output sprocket may be outside the housing.
該傳動離合器包括一離合器輸出元件，該離合器輸出元件選擇性地連接至一離合器輸入元件，其中，該離合器輸出元件與該離合器輸入元件之間的軸向距離是固定的。The transmission clutch includes a clutch output element selectively connected to a clutch input element, wherein the axial distance between the clutch output element and the clutch input element is fixed.
該離合器輸出元件和該離合器輸入元件當選擇性地連接時可以相對於彼此固定。The clutch output element and the clutch input element may be fixed relative to each other when selectively connected.
該離合器輸出元件和該離合器輸入元件可以同軸地安裝在該第二軸上，使得當該傳動離合器處於該鬆脫狀態時，該離合器輸出元件和該離合器輸入元件彼此獨立地旋轉，並且當該傳動離合器處於該接合狀態時可旋轉地彼此相對固定。The clutch output element and the clutch input element may be coaxially mounted on the second shaft, so that when the transmission clutch is in the released state, the clutch output element and the clutch input element rotate independently of each other, and when the transmission clutch is The clutches are rotatably fixed to each other when in the engaged state.
該離合器輸出元件可以固定到該第二軸。The clutch output element may be fixed to the second shaft.
該離合器輸入元件可以是輸入輪的形式，其中該輸入輪可以適於如上所述直接或間接地連接到該第一軸。The clutch input element may be in the form of an input wheel, wherein the input wheel may be adapted to be directly or indirectly connected to the first shaft as described above.
該傳動離合器還可包括一接合裝置，該接合裝置適於從一第一位置移動到一第二位置。該接合裝置可包括至少一個接合部分，該接合部分較佳地在至少一個旋轉方向上相對於該輸入輪選擇性地固定該離合器輸出元件。The transmission clutch may further include an engagement device adapted to move from a first position to a second position. The engagement device may include at least one engagement portion, which preferably selectively fixes the clutch output element relative to the input wheel in at least one rotation direction.
在本發明的一方面，該至少一個接合部分與該離合器輸出元件接合，以相對於該輸入輪固定該離合器輸出元件。In an aspect of the present invention, the at least one engagement portion is engaged with the clutch output element to fix the clutch output element relative to the input wheel.
在本發明的另一方面，該至少一個接合部分與該輸入輪接合以將該離合器輸出元件相對於該輸入輪固定。In another aspect of the present invention, the at least one engagement portion is engaged with the input wheel to fix the clutch output element relative to the input wheel.
該至少一個接合部分在該離合器輸出元件和該輸入輪彼此獨立的一縮回位置和該離合器輸出元件和該輸入輪彼此相對固定的一伸出位置之間是可移動的。透過這種配置，當該至少一個接合部分處於該伸出位置時，該離合器輸出元件和該輸入輪確實地接合。The at least one engagement portion is movable between a retracted position where the clutch output element and the input wheel are independent of each other and an extended position where the clutch output element and the input wheel are fixed relative to each other. With this configuration, when the at least one engaging portion is in the extended position, the clutch output element and the input wheel are surely engaged.
該至少一個接合部分可被偏移到一縮回位置。The at least one engagement portion can be deflected to a retracted position.
該輸入輪可包括用於接收該接合部分的一接收部分。The input wheel may include a receiving part for receiving the engaging part.
該至少一個接合部分中的每一個可為突起的形式，該突起在該縮回位置和該伸出位置之間移動。Each of the at least one engagement portion may be in the form of a protrusion that moves between the retracted position and the extended position.
該至少一個接合部分中的每一個可為棘爪的形式，該棘爪可樞轉地安裝在該離合器輸出元件上，使得該棘爪可在該縮回位置和該伸出位置之間樞轉。可能有一個或多個棘爪。Each of the at least one engagement portion may be in the form of a pawl, which is pivotally mounted on the clutch output element such that the pawl can pivot between the retracted position and the extended position . There may be one or more pawls.
該輸入輪的接收部分可以是一個或多個凹部的形式，每個凹部適於在該棘爪移動到該伸出位置時接收該棘爪的一端。The receiving portion of the input wheel may be in the form of one or more recesses, each recess being adapted to receive an end of the pawl when the pawl is moved to the extended position.
可能有兩個彼此間隔開的棘爪。較佳地，兩個棘爪間隔開以使彼此在角度上等距。該輸入輪可具有至少兩個彼此在角度上等距間隔開的凹部。對本領域具有通常知識者顯而易見的是，可以有兩個以上的棘爪和兩個以上的凹部。本說明書的範圍涵蓋了此類變化。There may be two pawls spaced apart from each other. Preferably, the two pawls are spaced apart so that they are angularly equidistant from each other. The input wheel may have at least two recesses equally spaced angularly apart from each other. It is obvious to those with ordinary knowledge in the art that there may be more than two pawls and more than two recesses. The scope of this specification covers such changes.
每個凹部可配置為將該棘爪保持在其中，以將該離合器輸出元件固定至該輸入輪。Each recess may be configured to hold the pawl therein to fix the clutch output element to the input wheel.
該凹部可被配置為在該離合器輸出元件的旋轉速度等於該輸入輪的旋轉速度時，將該棘爪保持在其中以將該離合器輸出元件固定到該輸入輪。The recess may be configured to hold the pawl therein to fix the clutch output element to the input wheel when the rotation speed of the clutch output element is equal to the rotation speed of the input wheel.
該凹部可被配置為在該輸入輪的旋轉速度大於該離合器輸出元件的旋轉速度時釋放該棘爪，以允許該離合器輸出元件和該輸入輪彼此獨立地旋轉。The recess may be configured to release the pawl when the rotation speed of the input wheel is greater than the rotation speed of the clutch output element to allow the clutch output element and the input wheel to rotate independently of each other.
每個棘爪當從該凹部釋放時可被偏移到該縮回位置。該棘爪的偏移可能是由彈簧、磁鐵或其他手段所引起的，這對於本領域具有通常知識者而言是顯而易見的。Each pawl can be deflected to the retracted position when released from the recess. The deflection of the pawl may be caused by springs, magnets or other means, which is obvious to those with ordinary knowledge in the art.
該傳動系統還可包括一致動裝置，其用於致動該傳動離合器。The transmission system may further include an actuation device for actuating the transmission clutch.
較佳地，當該接合裝置處於該第一位置時，該傳動離合器處於該鬆脫狀態，隨後，該致動裝置的致動使該接合裝置移動至該第二位置，以相對於該輸入輪固定該離合器輸出元件，使得該傳動離合器處於該接合狀態。Preferably, when the engagement device is in the first position, the transmission clutch is in the disengaged state, and then the actuation of the actuation device moves the engagement device to the second position relative to the input wheel Fix the clutch output element so that the transmission clutch is in the engaged state.
該致動裝置可以包括一調速器元件，該調速器元件可操作地連接至該接合裝置，以使該接合裝置在該縮回位置和該伸出位置之間移動。The actuation device may include a governor element operatively connected to the engagement device to move the engagement device between the retracted position and the extended position.
該調速器元件可以與該離合器輸出元件和該輸入輪同軸地安裝在該第二軸上。The governor element may be mounted on the second shaft coaxially with the clutch output element and the input wheel.
該調速器元件可樞轉地連接到每個棘爪。The governor element is pivotally connected to each pawl.
該調速器元件可以與該離合器輸出元件鏈接，使得其可在每個棘爪處於該縮回位置的一第一角度位置和處於該伸出位置的一第二角度位置之間移動。The governor element can be linked with the clutch output element so that it can move between a first angular position in which each pawl is in the retracted position and a second angular position in the extended position.
每個棘爪可具有從其延伸的一臂，其中該臂的一端固定至該調速器元件。每個臂可以保持相對於在該調速器元件中所形成的一狹槽。每個臂可以提供一個銷，該銷被容納在對應的狹槽中。Each pawl may have an arm extending therefrom, wherein one end of the arm is fixed to the governor element. Each arm can be held relative to a slot formed in the governor element. Each arm may be provided with a pin which is received in a corresponding slot.
在本發明的一方面，該致動裝置是電子致動。該致動裝置可以作用在相對於該離合器的徑向方向。該致動裝置可以包括一旋轉音圈，在該旋轉音圈致動時使該調速器元件從該第一角度位置移動到該第二角度位置。如本領域具有通常知識者將理解的並且在本發明的範圍內的本發明的其他變型中，該致動裝置可以包括以徑向方式作用的其他致動器，並且可以是電子和/或機械性質。In one aspect of the invention, the actuation device is electronically actuated. The actuation device can act in a radial direction relative to the clutch. The actuating device may include a rotating voice coil, and when the rotating voice coil is actuated, the governor element is moved from the first angular position to the second angular position. As those with ordinary knowledge in the art will understand, and in other variations of the invention within the scope of the invention, the actuating device may include other actuators acting in a radial manner, and may be electronic and/or mechanical nature.
在本發明的另一方面，該致動裝置是機械致動。該離合器輸出元件和該調速器元件可以由諸如在該調速器元件與該離合器輸出元件之間延伸的一彈簧的一偏移裝置偏移。在克服該偏移裝置的力之前，該調速器元件保持在其第一角度位置，並且該棘爪保持在該縮回位置。In another aspect of the invention, the actuation device is a mechanical actuation. The clutch output element and the governor element may be biased by a biasing device such as a spring extending between the governor element and the clutch output element. Before overcoming the force of the biasing device, the governor element remains in its first angular position, and the pawl remains in the retracted position.
該致動裝置可以可替代地包括固定到該輸入輪的複數個重量塊。由重量塊產生的向心力以預定的速度抵消該偏移裝置的力，以使該調速器元件移動到該第二角度位置，使該棘爪移動到該伸出位置，隨後，在該輸入輪中，每個棘爪與其相應在該輸入輪的凹部的接合，將固定該輸入輪至相對的該離合器輸出元件。The actuating device may alternatively include a plurality of weights fixed to the input wheel. The centripetal force generated by the weight counteracts the force of the offset device at a predetermined speed, so that the governor element moves to the second angular position, the pawl moves to the extended position, and then the input wheel In this, the engagement of each pawl with its corresponding recess in the input wheel will fix the input wheel to the opposite clutch output element.
該控制裝置可以致動該致動裝置。The control device can actuate the actuation device.
由該控制裝置監視的傳動系統的狀態可以包括以下一項或多項：該離合器的線性速度、該離合器的角度位置、該離合器輸出元件的角速度、該輸入輪的角速度。當被監視的一個或多個狀態達到預定值時，該控制裝置可以致動該致動裝置。The state of the transmission system monitored by the control device may include one or more of the following: the linear speed of the clutch, the angular position of the clutch, the angular speed of the clutch output element, and the angular speed of the input wheel. When the monitored state or states reaches a predetermined value, the control device may activate the actuation device.
在替代的配置中，該控制裝置可以透過例如為一滑環之一接觸耦合器來致動該致動裝置，以選擇性地使該傳動離合器在該鬆脫狀態和該接合狀態之間移動。In an alternative configuration, the control device may actuate the actuation device through a contact coupler, such as a slip ring, to selectively move the transmission clutch between the disengaged state and the engaged state.
在替代的配置中，該控制裝置可以透過該非接觸式耦合器來致動該致動裝置。該非接觸式耦合器可包括能夠產生力場的一非旋轉元件，以及緊鄰該非旋轉元件的一旋轉元件。該旋轉元件可以與每個傳動離合器連通。該非旋轉元件可接收訊號以選擇性地對該旋轉元件供電並致動相關的傳動離合器。在替代的配置中，該控制裝置包括可以手動操作以致動該致動裝置的一開關。該開關可以代替一個或多個感測器。In an alternative configuration, the control device may actuate the actuation device through the non-contact coupler. The non-contact coupler may include a non-rotating element capable of generating a force field, and a rotating element adjacent to the non-rotating element. The rotating element can communicate with each transmission clutch. The non-rotating element can receive a signal to selectively power the rotating element and actuate the related transmission clutch. In an alternative configuration, the control device includes a switch that can be manually operated to activate the actuation device. The switch can replace one or more sensors.
本發明還提供了一種傳動系統，該傳動系統包括如本文之前所描述的一個或多個傳動離合器。The present invention also provides a transmission system including one or more transmission clutches as previously described herein.
本發明還提供了一種自動的傳動系統，其包括至少一個可移動於一接合狀態和一鬆脫狀態之間的傳動離合器，該離合器包括： 一離合器輸出元件，其選擇性地連接至一輸入輪，其中，該離合器輸出元件與該輸入輪之間的軸向距離是固定的； 一接合裝置，其適於從一第一位置移動至一第二位置，以將該離合器輸出元件固定至該輸入輪；和 一致動裝置； 其中，當該接合裝置處於該第一位置時，該傳動離合器處於該鬆脫狀態，隨後，該致動裝置的致動使該接合裝置移動至該第二位置，以相對於該輸入輪固定該離合器輸出元件，藉此使該傳動離合器處於一接合位置。The present invention also provides an automatic transmission system, which includes at least one transmission clutch movable between an engaged state and a disengaged state, the clutch including: A clutch output element selectively connected to an input wheel, wherein the axial distance between the clutch output element and the input wheel is fixed; An engagement device adapted to move from a first position to a second position to fix the clutch output element to the input wheel; and Actuation device Wherein, when the engagement device is in the first position, the transmission clutch is in the released state, and then the actuation of the actuation device moves the engagement device to the second position to fix the input wheel relative to the input wheel. The clutch output element thereby makes the transmission clutch in an engaged position.
本發明還提供了一種自動的傳動系統，其包括至少一個傳動離合器，該傳動離合器具有固定的寬度並且係可移動於一接合狀態和一鬆脫狀態之間，該傳動離合器包括： 一離合器輸出元件； 一輸入輪，其選擇性地固定到該離合器輸出元件； 一接合裝置，其適於從一第一位置移動至一第二位置，以將該離合器輸出元件固定至該輸入輪；和 一致動裝置； 其中，當該接合裝置處於該第一位置時，該傳動離合器處於該鬆脫狀態，隨後，該致動裝置的致動使該接合裝置移動至該第二位置，以相對於該輸入輪固定該離合器輸出元件，藉此使該傳動離合器處於一接合位置。The present invention also provides an automatic transmission system, which includes at least one transmission clutch, the transmission clutch has a fixed width and is movable between an engaged state and a released state, and the transmission clutch includes: A clutch output element; An input wheel, which is selectively fixed to the clutch output element; An engagement device adapted to move from a first position to a second position to fix the clutch output element to the input wheel; and Actuation device Wherein, when the engagement device is in the first position, the transmission clutch is in the released state, and then the actuation of the actuation device moves the engagement device to the second position to fix the input wheel relative to the input wheel. The clutch output element thereby makes the transmission clutch in an engaged position.
本發明進一步提供一種包括至少一個傳動離合器的自動的傳動系統，該離合器包括： 一第一元件，其適於相對於一輸入固定； 一第二元件，其適於選擇性地固定到該第一元件，該第二元件提供一輸出； 一接合裝置，其接合該第一元件以相對於該第二元件； 一致動裝置，其在該離合器處於一接合狀態的一接合位置和該離合器處於一鬆脫狀態的一鬆脫位置之間致動該接合裝置； 隨後，該接合裝置的致動使該傳動離合器處於該接合狀態，使得該第一元件固定至該第二元件以將該輸入傳遞至該輸出，隨後該接合裝置移動到一第一位置，該傳動離合器處於該鬆脫狀態，使得該第一元件獨立於該第二元件，當該傳動離合器在其接合狀態和鬆脫狀態之間移動時，該傳動離合器的寬度保持恆定。The present invention further provides an automatic transmission system including at least one transmission clutch, the clutch including: A first element adapted to be fixed relative to an input; A second element adapted to be selectively fixed to the first element, the second element providing an output; A joining device which joins the first element relative to the second element; An actuating device that activates the engagement device between an engaged position in which the clutch is in an engaged state and a disengaged position in which the clutch is in a disengaged state; Subsequently, the actuation of the engaging device puts the transmission clutch in the engaged state, so that the first element is fixed to the second element to transmit the input to the output, and then the engaging device moves to a first position, the transmission The clutch is in the disengaged state so that the first element is independent of the second element, and the width of the transmission clutch remains constant when the transmission clutch is moved between the engaged state and the disengaged state.
本發明還提供一種包括至少一個傳動離合器的自動的傳動系統，該離合器包括： 一離合器輸出元件，其選擇性地連接到一輸入輪，該離合器輸出元件與該輸入輪之間的軸向距離是固定的； 一接合裝置，其適於從一第一位置移動到一第二位置；和 一致動裝置； 其中，當該接合裝置處於該第一位置時，該傳動離合器處於一鬆脫狀態，隨後，該致動裝置的致動使該接合裝置移動到該第二位置，以將該離合器輸出元件可旋轉地固定至該輸入輪，使得該傳動離合器處於一接合狀態。The present invention also provides an automatic transmission system including at least one transmission clutch, the clutch including: A clutch output element, which is selectively connected to an input wheel, the axial distance between the clutch output element and the input wheel is fixed; An engagement device adapted to move from a first position to a second position; and Actuation device Wherein, when the engagement device is in the first position, the transmission clutch is in a disengaged state, and subsequently, the actuation of the actuation device moves the engagement device to the second position, so that the clutch output element can be rotated The ground is fixed to the input wheel so that the transmission clutch is in an engaged state.
本發明還提供了一種自動的自行車傳動系統，其包括如前所述的一個或多個傳動離合器，其中，該離合器輸出元件相對於一輸出鏈輪固定，該輸出鏈輪透過一鏈條連接至自行車的後輪的後鏈輪。The present invention also provides an automatic bicycle transmission system, which includes one or more transmission clutches as described above, wherein the clutch output element is fixed with respect to an output sprocket, and the output sprocket is connected to the bicycle through a chain The rear sprocket of the rear wheel.
與先前技術的傳動系統相比，本發明的傳動系統在其結構和配置方面是有利的。特別地，如下面的實施例中所描述的，本傳動系統基於傳動系統所經歷的條件自動操作。例如，傳動系統以預定的轉速自動地移動至較高的齒輪比。傳動系統的自動性質允許傳動系統控制輸出，使得傳動系統能夠基於狀態以其最有效的配置進行操作。Compared with the transmission system of the prior art, the transmission system of the present invention is advantageous in its structure and configuration. In particular, as described in the following embodiments, the present transmission system automatically operates based on the conditions experienced by the transmission system. For example, the transmission system automatically moves to a higher gear ratio at a predetermined speed. The automatic nature of the transmission system allows the transmission system to control the output so that the transmission system can operate in its most efficient configuration based on the state.
傳動系統的另一個優點是，這些組件相對於彼此軸向地固定。結果，傳動系統的軸向寬度可以比那些依靠其組件的軸向運動以控制輸出的傳動系統窄，允許該傳動系統用於空間受限/重要的應用中。其係部分地透過結合一個或多個不依賴於軸向運動以從鬆脫狀態移動到接合狀態的傳動離合器來實現。不需要軸向運動，離合器的組件透過接合裝置的徑向運動確實地接合彼此。Another advantage of the transmission system is that these components are axially fixed relative to each other. As a result, the axial width of the transmission system can be narrower than those that rely on the axial movement of its components to control output, allowing the transmission system to be used in space-constrained/important applications. This is achieved in part by combining one or more transmission clutches that do not rely on axial movement to move from a disengaged state to an engaged state. No axial movement is required, and the components of the clutch are surely engaged with each other through the radial movement of the engagement device.
傳動系統的自動性質無須操作者控制傳動系統，即可根據所需的應用實現最佳效率。The automatic nature of the transmission system does not require the operator to control the transmission system, and the best efficiency can be achieved according to the required application.
參考圖1至圖17，本發明根據第一實施例為傳動系統13的形式。在該應用中，傳動系統13配置在自行車15上。1 to 17, the present invention is in the form of a
儘管示例應用是關於自行車的，但是本發明不限於這種應用，因為在其他類型的驅動設備中還有許多應用。這些包括具有齒輪列的應用，例如在車輛、摩托車和工業設備中。其他可被本領域具有通常知識者理解的應用係被認為在本說明書的範圍內。該傳動系統可以容易地被應用於電力和非電力應用。Although the example application is about bicycles, the present invention is not limited to this application because there are many applications in other types of drive equipment. These include applications with gear trains, such as in vehicles, motorcycles, and industrial equipment. Other applications that can be understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the field are considered to be within the scope of this specification. The drive system can be easily applied to electric and non-electric applications.
參照圖1-4，傳動系統13包括支撐自行車的鏈環和曲柄臂19的第一軸17，以及被固定有輸出鏈輪23的第二軸21。傳動系統13封裝在殼體110中以保護傳動系統的組件。最佳如圖2中所示，第一軸17和第二軸21延伸超過該殼體，輸出鏈輪23位於第二軸21從殼體110向外延伸的部分上。殼體110保護傳動系統，以顯著地降低維護需求並延長傳動系統的使用壽命。Referring to FIGS. 1-4, the
自行車包括從輸出鏈輪23延伸到固定在後輪的後鏈輪27的鏈條25。隨後，騎行者的腳踏板向第一軸17提供旋轉的輸入，該第一軸17透過傳動系統13旋轉輸出鏈輪23，使鏈條25轉動後鏈輪27和後輪。如下所述，傳動系統13配置為提供不同的齒輪比，以控制從輸入（踏板）到輸出（後輪）的動力傳遞。The bicycle includes a
如圖4所示，第一軸17支撐複數個驅動輪，該等驅動輪為第一驅動鏈輪112、第二驅動鏈輪114和第三驅動鏈輪116。每個驅動鏈輪被固定在第一軸17，使得第一軸17的旋轉將造成每個驅動器鏈輪旋轉。As shown in FIG. 4, the
第二軸21支撐複數個輸入輪，該等輸入輪為第一輸入鏈輪118、第二輸入鏈輪120和第三輸入鏈輪122。每個輸入鏈輪包括軸承33，使得當安裝在第二軸21上時，每個輸入鏈輪以及第二軸21都能夠彼此獨立地旋轉。The
每個驅動鏈輪（第一驅動鏈輪112、第二驅動鏈輪114和第三驅動鏈輪116）具有對應的輸入鏈輪（第一輸入鏈輪118、第二輸入鏈輪120和第三輸入鏈輪122），驅動鏈輪連接至輸入鏈輪，以提供不同的齒輪比。特別地，第一驅動鏈輪112和第一輸入鏈輪118透過第一鏈條124互相連接以提供第一齒輪比；第二驅動鏈輪114和第二輸入鏈輪120透過第二鏈條126互相連接以提供第二齒輪比；第三驅動鏈輪116和第三輸入鏈輪122透過第三鏈條128互相連接，以提供第三齒輪比。透過這種配置，第一軸17和第二軸21以恆定的嚙合連接。Each drive sprocket (
當第三齒輪比提供最高的齒輪比時，第一齒輪比提供最低的齒輪比。When the third gear ratio provides the highest gear ratio, the first gear ratio provides the lowest gear ratio.
傳動系統13包括張緊器129，以保持鏈條於設定的張力。The
傳動系統13更包括形式為楔形離合器的第一離合器130。第一離合器130可操作地接合第一輸入鏈輪118，使得第一輸入鏈輪118被限制為於一個方向旋轉。在旋轉速度於零與第一速度之間時，第一離合器130確保騎行者的輸入透過第一軸17轉化為第二軸21的旋轉，這轉動了輸出鏈輪23，以旋轉後鏈輪27和後輪。The
傳動系統13更包括與第二輸入鏈輪120相關聯的第二離合器132。在第一速度和第二速度之間的轉速下，第二離合器132透過第一軸17將騎行者的輸入傳遞至第二軸21，以使其轉動。這轉動了輸出鏈輪23，以旋轉後鏈輪27和後輪。The
傳動系統13更包括與第三輸入鏈輪122相關聯的第三離合器134。在高於第二速度的轉速下，第三離合器134透過第一軸17將騎行者的輸入傳遞至第二軸21，以使其轉動。這轉動了輸出鏈輪23，以旋轉後鏈輪27和後輪。The
在該實施例中，第二離合器132和第三離合器134在配置和操作方面彼此相似。此後，將根據傳動離合器11來參考/描述第二離合器132和第三離合器134中的每一個。In this embodiment, the
每個傳動離合器11可移動在鬆脫狀態和接合狀態之間，其中，在接合狀態下，第一軸17的旋轉使得第二軸21旋轉，當在鬆脫狀態和接合狀態之間移動時，傳動離合器保持固定的軸向寬度。Each
參照圖6至圖10，傳動離合器11包括固定在第二軸21上的離合器輸出元件29和安裝在第二軸21上的離合器輸入元件31。6 to 10, the
離合器輸入元件31形成為其相應的輸入鏈輪120、輸入鏈輪122的一部分。在這一點上，離合器輸入元件31能夠與其相應的輸入鏈輪120、輸入鏈輪122一起旋轉，使得當離合器輸入元件31安裝在第二軸21上時能夠獨立於第二軸21旋轉。離合器輸入元件31更包括間隔地圍繞離合器輸入元件29的外圍的四個凹部35，使得每個凹部35的開口遠離離合器輸入元件31的外圍向內開口，其原因將描述於後。The
傳動離合器11更包括接合裝置，該接合裝置在第一位置和第二位置之間移動，該第一位置使離合器輸出元件29和離合器輸入元件31彼此獨立地自由旋轉，第二位置使離合器輸出元件29和離合器輸入元件31相對於彼此固定。在此實施例中，當離合器輸出元件29和離合器輸入元件31相對於彼此固定時，它們僅能夠在一個方向下旋轉。接合裝置提供接合部分，在該實施例中，接合部分為兩個棘爪37的形式。The
每個棘爪37為樞轉地安裝在離合器輸出元件29上，以從縮回位置（如圖7所示）移動到伸出位置（如圖8所示）。每個棘爪37具有遠離棘爪的安裝位置的端部39，當棘爪37處於伸出位置時適於被接收在離合器輸入元件31的凹部35中。每個棘爪還提供了臂41，該臂41在沿著棘爪的長度的位置處遠離棘爪延伸，其原因將描述於後。Each
傳動離合器11更包括致動裝置，其在此實施例中為電子性質。致動裝置包括調速器元件43，其相對於離合器輸入元件31和離合器輸出元件29同軸安裝。調速器元件43被限制為在第一角度位置（如圖7所示）和第二角度位置（如圖8所示）之間進行角運動。The
調速器元件43提供兩個狹槽51，在本實施例中，該等狹槽51從第二軸21的中心徑向向外延伸。一旦組裝，每個狹槽51便接收從每個棘爪37的臂41的底側延伸的銷（未示出）。每個狹槽51限制銷沿狹槽51的運動，以調控每個棘爪37的運動。The
致動裝置更包括旋轉音圈(亦簡稱音圈)45，其直接地作用以引起調速器元件43的角運動。The actuating device further includes a rotating voice coil (also referred to as a voice coil for short) 45, which directly acts to cause angular movement of the
音圈45包括以間隔開的關係固定至離合器輸出元件29的兩個磁鐵47。音圈45更包括銅線圈49，該銅線圈49固定至調速器元件43，並且在組裝傳動離合器11時被接收在磁鐵47之間。The
傳動系統13更包括控制裝置53，以致動致動裝置。控制裝置53適於對自行車15和/或傳動系統13所經歷的某些狀態作出反應，以選擇性地致動致動裝置。The
如圖11所示，控制裝置53包括複數個感測器，在本實施例中，該等感測器包括兩個速度感測器55、測斜儀57、電源供應器59和微處理器61。可以對微處理器61進行編程，使得在感測器檢測到預定狀態時，微處理器61透過對相關的音圈45產生振動(pulsing)來致動致動裝置。As shown in FIG. 11, the
圖11顯示了兩個音圈45，一個音圈形成第二離合器132的一部分，另一個音圈形成第三離合器134的一部分。FIG. 11 shows two
現在將描述關於應用在自行車15上的傳動系統13的作動。The operation of the
自行車的行駛速度低於第一速度：
參考圖12，並且如箭頭「A」所示，當自行車靜止時或於小於第一速度的速度時，第二離合器132和第三離合器134處於鬆脫狀態時，第一離合器130係被接合。The speed of the bicycle is lower than the first speed:
12, and as indicated by the arrow "A", when the bicycle is stationary or at a speed lower than the first speed, when the
第一離合器130透過第一鏈條124將來自騎行者的任何運動透過第一軸17上的第一驅動鏈輪112傳遞到第一輸入鏈輪118以轉動第二軸21，並同時轉動輸出鏈輪23。當第一輸入鏈輪118和第二軸21以相同速度一起旋轉時，來自騎行者的輸入被傳遞到第一輸入鏈輪118以轉動第二軸21，並因此旋轉輸出鏈輪23，該輸出鏈輪23旋轉後鏈輪27和後輪。The first clutch 130 transmits any movement from the rider through the
當第一輸入鏈輪118以比第二軸21慢的速度旋轉時，第一離合器130和第一輸入鏈輪118處於空轉/超速狀態，藉此來自騎行者的輸入不透過第一輸入鏈輪傳遞到第二軸21。When the
自行車以第一速度和第二速度之間的速度行駛：
當自行車以第一速度和第二速度之間的速度行駛時，第一離合器130和第一輸入鏈輪118處於空轉/超速狀態，使第二離合器132移至其接合狀態，此時第三離合器134保持在其鬆脫狀態。如圖14中箭頭「B」所示。The bicycle travels at a speed between the first speed and the second speed:
When the bicycle is running at a speed between the first speed and the second speed, the
當自行車15超過第一速度時，控制裝置53的速度感測器55透過使與第二離合器132相關聯的音圈45產生振動，使微處理器61致動致動裝置。這使得第二離合器132移動至接合狀態，藉此來自騎行者的運動透過第二鏈條126經由第一軸17上的第二驅動鏈輪114傳遞到第二輸入鏈輪120，以引起第二軸21的旋轉，並同時旋轉輸出鏈輪23。When the
參照圖7至圖10以理解第二離合器132的操作，其係使音圈45產生振動以引發調速器元件43進行角運動。當調速器元件43旋轉時，臂41受力而沿著狹槽51移動，以使該等棘爪37從其縮回狀態移動到其伸出狀態。離合器輸出元件29將持續相對於離合器輸入元件31旋轉，直到每個棘爪的端部39與離合器輸入元件31中的其中一個凹部35對準。當棘爪的端部充分地延伸時，棘爪的端部將被接收於凹部35中，以確實地接合離合器輸入元件31，以相對於離合器輸出元件29固定離合器輸入元件31。離合器輸入元件31和離合器輸出元件29將確實地保持彼此接合，此時離合器輸入元件31的旋轉速度和離合器輸出元件29的旋轉速度相同。7 to 10 to understand the operation of the
由於離合器輸入元件31形成第二輸入鏈輪120的一部分，因此當第二離合器132處於其接合狀態時，其中輸入元件31與離合器輸出元件29確實地接合，第二輸入鏈輪120的旋轉被傳遞到離合器輸出元件29。由於離合器輸出元件29被固定到第二軸，因此離合器輸出元件29的任何運動都使第二軸21旋轉。Since the
棘爪37將保持在其伸出位置以確實地接合離合器輸入元件31，將離合器輸出元件29相對於離合器輸入元件31固定，直到使離合器輸入元件31旋轉得比離合器輸出元件快（超速/空轉），例如，當自行車的行駛速度高於第二速度時，或者從離合器輸出元件29去除力（例如，騎行者停止踩踏）。當發生這些事件中的任一個時，維持棘爪37在凹部35中的力將被去除，並且棘爪37能夠返回到其縮回位置，允許離合器輸入元件31獨立於離合器輸出元件29旋轉。當此發生時，離合器係處於其鬆脫狀態。The
當自行車15超過第一速度時，第二離合器132係處於接合狀態，並且來自騎行者的運動透過第二鏈條126並經由第一軸17上的第二驅動鏈輪114傳遞到第二輸入鏈輪12，以轉動第二軸21，同時轉動輸出鏈輪23。當第二輸入鏈輪120和第二軸21以相同速度一起旋轉時，來自騎行者的輸入傳遞至第二輸入鏈輪120以使第二軸21旋轉，並且因此使輸出鏈輪23旋轉，該輸出鏈輪23使後輪的後鏈輪27旋轉。When the
當自行車以比第二速度快的速度行駛時，第二輸入鏈輪120（包括離合器輸入元件31）以比第二軸21（其固定有離合器輸出元件29）慢的速度旋轉。當發生這種情況時，使棘爪35從它們的凹部35鬆脫，進而允許離合器輸入元件31以及第二輸入鏈輪120獨立於離合器輸出元件29並且因此獨立於第二軸旋轉。在此配置中，第一離合器130、第一輸入鏈輪118和第二輸入鏈輪120處於空轉/超速狀態，藉此來自騎行者的輸入不透過第一輸入鏈輪或第二輸入鏈輪傳遞至第二軸21。在此配置中，第二離合器132處於其鬆脫狀態。When the bicycle is traveling at a speed faster than the second speed, the second input sprocket 120 (including the clutch input element 31) rotates at a slower speed than the second shaft 21 (to which the
自行車的行駛速度快於第二速度：
當自行車以比第二速度快的速度行駛時，第一離合器130、第一輸入鏈輪118和第二輸入鏈輪120處於超速/空轉狀態，同時第二離合器132處於其鬆脫狀態。當自行車的速度超過第二速度時，使第三離合器134移動到其接合狀態。如圖16中箭頭「C」所示。The bicycle travels faster than the second speed:
When the bicycle is running at a speed faster than the second speed, the
當自行車15超過第二速度時，控制裝置53的速度感測器55透過使與第三離合器134相關聯的音圈45產生振動，使微處理器61致動致動裝置。這使得第三離合器134移動到接合狀態，藉此來自騎行者的運動透過第三鏈條128並經由第一軸17上的第三驅動鏈輪116傳遞到第三輸入鏈輪122，以使第二軸21旋轉，同時使輸出鏈輪23旋轉。When the
如上所述，第三離合器134的操作與第二離合器132的操作相同。As described above, the operation of the
當自行車15超過第二速度時，第三離合器134處於接合狀態，隨後來自騎行者的輸入透過第三鏈條128並經由第一軸17上的第三驅動鏈輪116傳遞到第三輸入鏈輪122，使第二軸21旋轉，同時使輸出鏈輪23旋轉。當第三輸入鏈輪122和第二軸21以相同速度一起旋轉時，來自騎行者的輸入被傳遞到第三輸入鏈輪122以使第二軸旋轉，並因此使輸出鏈輪23旋轉，且輸出鏈輪23使後輪的後鏈輪27旋轉。When the
自行車的行駛速度快於第三速度：
自行車以高於第三速度的速度行駛時，後輪速度超過輸入速度（即，騎行者節奏）。當這種情況發生時，第三輸入鏈輪122（其包括離合器輸入元件31）以比第二軸21（其固定有離合器輸出元件29）慢的速度旋轉。當發生這種情況時，使棘爪35從其凹部35鬆脫，進而允許離合器輸入元件31以及第三輸入鏈輪122獨立於離合器輸出元件29並且因此獨立於第二軸21旋轉。在此配置中，第一離合器130、第一輸入鏈輪118，第二輸入鏈輪120和第三輸入鏈輪122處於空轉/超速狀態，藉此來自騎行者的輸入不透過第一輸入鏈輪118、第二輸入鏈輪120或第三輸入鏈輪122傳遞到第二軸21。在此配置中，第二離合器132和第三離合器134處於鬆脫狀態。當這種情況發生時，由於第二離合器132或第三離合器134都不處於接合狀態，所以傳動系統13已有效地重設為預設狀態。當傳動系統處於預設狀態時，傳動系統處於其最低齒輪比。The bicycle travels faster than the third speed:
When the bicycle is traveling at a speed higher than the third speed, the rear wheel speed exceeds the input speed (ie, the rider's cadence). When this happens, the third input sprocket 122 (which includes the clutch input element 31) rotates at a slower speed than the second shaft 21 (to which the
傳動系統13立即回應條件的變化，無論這是速度增加的結果還是輸入力（踩踏）停止。這些改變導致傳動系統13呈現出不同的齒輪比以控制輸出。由於傳動系統13的配置和操作，齒輪比的變化是迅速的，其轉變時間小於100毫秒。此外，除了由鏈輪之間的鏈條運動引起的齒輪改變以外，由於傳動系統13提供恆定的嚙合佈置，因此沒有齒輪改變的延遲。The
如上所述，控制裝置53基於傳動系統13 /自行車15所經歷的條件將第二離合器126和第三離合器134從鬆脫狀態移動到接合狀態。在本申請中的自行車中，這些狀態通常將包括自行車的速度（使用速度感測器55），特別是後輪的速度，以及自行車行駛的角度（使用測斜儀57）。對控制裝置53的微處理器61進行編程，使得當識別出與某些角度相結合的某些速度時，控制裝置自動致動致動裝置，以使第二離合器132或第三離合器134移動到它們的接合狀態。As described above, the
在圖18至26中示出了根據本發明的第二實施例的傳動系統213。為了方便起見，與第一實施例的傳動系統13的特徵相似或對應的傳動系統213的特徵以相同的參考標號標示。傳動系統213與第一實施例的傳動系統非常相似，其配置有所變化，包括每個傳動離合器211的變化，並且包括無線耦合器217。A transmission system 213 according to a second embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 18 to 26. For convenience, features of the transmission system 213 that are similar to or corresponding to the features of the
考慮到此實施例中的離合器211，輸入元件31與第一實施例的離合器11的不同之處在於，輸入元件31包括十個凹部235而不是四個，最佳如圖21至圖23所示。這些凹部235等距間隔地圍繞輸入元件29的周邊。每個凹部235的開口遠離輸入元件31的周邊向內開口，並具有帶有頂點269的封閉端。每個棘爪37具有形狀互補的端部239，使得棘爪端部239和凹部235之間確實地接合，使得棘爪37意外地從輸入元件29鬆脫或從一個凹部235滑向相鄰凹部235的可能性成為最小。對本領域具有通常知識者顯而易見的是，離合器可以包括任何數量的凹部。Considering the clutch 211 in this embodiment, the difference between the
由於凹部235的數量的增加，第二實施例的離合器211的配置允許更準確和更快的離合器回應。Due to the increase in the number of
第二實施例的傳動系統更包括非接觸式耦合器271。非接觸式耦合器271能夠進行非接觸式動力傳遞和通訊，並克服了諸如滑環之類的其他動力傳遞裝置所固有的磨損問題。非接觸式耦合器271包括非旋轉印刷電路板（PCB）273和同軸定位的旋轉印刷電路板（PCB）275。非旋轉PCB 273產生電磁場，該電磁場耦合到旋轉PCB 275中。電磁場將電力和數據都傳送到旋轉PCB 275，使旋轉音圈45能夠選擇性地致動。The transmission system of the second embodiment further includes a
旋轉的PCB 275從產生的電磁場中汲取電力，因此不需要由單獨的電池供電，否則它將佔用空間。The rotating
在操作中，控制裝置251將訊號發送到非旋轉PCB 273，在非旋轉PCB 273上將其放大。所產生的力場為旋轉的PCB 275供電，然後建立一個DC電壓。然後，控制裝置51將致動訊號發送到PCB，該致動訊號特定於傳動離合器中的旋轉線圈45之一。取決於傳動系統的狀態改變時間，致動訊號停止，供電力場瓦解，並且特定的旋轉線圈45失去電力。In operation, the
圖27示出了可以在傳動系統13中使用的傳動離合器311的替代方案。為了方便起見，如上所述，類似於或對應於傳動離合器11的特徵之傳動離合器311的特徵用相同的參考標號表示。FIG. 27 shows an alternative to the
在該替代方案中，致動裝置被機械地致動。離合器輸出元件29和調速器元件343透過彈簧363形式的偏移裝置偏移，該彈簧363在調速器元件343上的彈簧柱365與離合器輸出元件29上的彈簧柱365之間延伸。調速器元件343保持在其第一角位置，並且棘爪37保持在其縮回位置，直到克服彈簧363的力，並使離合器鬆脫。In this alternative, the actuation device is actuated mechanically. The
致動裝置更包括固定到離合器輸入元件31的複數個重量塊367。由重量塊產生的向心力在預定速度（基於重量塊和彈性係數）下抵消彈簧的力，使調速器元件343移動到第二角位置，使棘爪移動到伸出位置，隨後每個棘爪與在離合器輸入元件31中的相應凹部365的接合將離合器輸入元件31相對於離合器輸出元件29固定，並使離合器現在接合了。The actuating device further includes a plurality of
本發明允許非常快速的回應，並且可以在接合狀態和鬆脫狀態之間手動或自動致動。 傳動系統採用恆定嚙合，允許透過對準鏈條來使效率最佳化，並且在應用於自行車時，無需使用變速器。The present invention allows a very fast response and can be actuated manually or automatically between the engaged state and the released state. The transmission system adopts constant meshing, which allows the efficiency to be optimized by aligning the chain, and when applied to bicycles, there is no need to use a transmission.
傳動系統可以被設置成無數個變速檔並且允許非依序換檔選項。The transmission system can be set to an infinite number of gears and allows non-sequential shifting options.
透過將傳動機構包含在殼體中，抑制了污染物進入或操作者干擾的機會，顯著降低了維護需求。By including the transmission mechanism in the housing, the opportunity for pollutants to enter or operator interference is suppressed, and maintenance requirements are significantly reduced.
對本領域技術人員而言，顯而易見的修改和變化被認為落入本發明的範圍內。本發明的範圍不受本文所述的任何具體實施例的限制。這些實施例僅旨在出於示例的目的。功能上等效的產品、配方和方法顯然在本文所述的本發明的範圍內。例如，傳動系統13可以包括附加的驅動鏈輪、輸入鏈輪、軸、鍊條和離合器，以提供進一步的齒輪比。 同樣，在可用軸向空間方面存在限制的情況下，多個傳動系統13可以相對於彼此堆疊以提供附加的齒輪比。For those skilled in the art, obvious modifications and changes are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is not limited by any specific embodiment described herein. These embodiments are intended for illustrative purposes only. Functionally equivalent products, formulations, and methods are clearly within the scope of the invention described herein. For example, the
將在圖式中所描繪的實施例的上下文中進行，參考的位置描述，例如下部和上部，並且其不應被視為將本發明限制於該術語的字面解釋，而應視為被技術處理人員所理解。It will be done in the context of the embodiment depicted in the drawings, with reference to the position description, such as the lower part and the upper part, and it should not be seen as limiting the invention to the literal interpretation of the term, but as being technically processed People understand.
本文所使用的術語僅出於描述特定示例實施例的目的，而不旨在進行限制。如本文所使用的，單數形式「一」、「一個」和「該」也可以旨在包括複數形式，除非上下文另外明確指出。術語「包含」、「包括」、「具有」或其變體是包括性的，因此指定存在所述特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件和/或組件，但不排除一個或多個其他特徵、整數、步驟、操作、元件組件和/或其群組的存在或添加。The terminology used herein is only for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" may also be intended to include the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprise", "include", "have" or variations thereof are inclusive, and therefore specify the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, The existence or addition of integers, steps, operations, component components, and/or groups thereof.
當元件或層被稱為在另一元件或層「上」，「接合至」、「連接至」或「耦合至」到另一元件或層時，它可以直接在另一元件或層上，接合至、連接至或耦合至另一元件或層上，或是可以存在中間元件或中間層。相反，當元件被稱為「直接在」另一元件或層「上」，「直接接合至」、「直接連接至」或「直接耦合至」另一元件或層時，可能不存在中間元件或中間層。應當以類似的方式來解釋用於描述元件之間的關係的其他詞語（例如，「在…之間」與「直接在…之間」、「相鄰」與「直接相鄰」等）。如本文所使用的，術語「和/或」包括一個或多個相關聯的所列項目的任何和所有組合。When an element or layer is referred to as being "on", "bonded to", "connected to" or "coupled to" another element or layer, it can be directly on the other element or layer, It is bonded to, connected to, or coupled to another element or layer, or there may be intermediate elements or layers. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element or layer, "directly bonded to," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers. middle layer. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a similar way (for example, "between" and "directly between", "adjacent" and "directly adjacent", etc.). As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
雖然術語第一、第二、第三等在本文中可用於描述各種元件、組件、區域、層和/或部分，但是這些元件、組件、區域、層和/或部分不應受到這些術語限制。這些術語僅可用於區分一個元素、組件、區域、層或部分與另一區域、層或部分。除非上下文明確指出，否則諸如「第一」、「第二」和其他數字術語之類的術語當在本文中使用時並不暗示順序或次序。因此，在不脫離實施例實施型態的教示的情況下，下面討論的第一元件、組件、區域、層或部分可以被稱為第二元件、組件、區域、層或部分。Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply an order or order. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below may be referred to as a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the embodiments.
在本文中可以使用空間相對術語，例如「內部」、「外部」、「之下」、「下方」、「下部」、「上方」、「上部」等，以便於描述如圖式所示的一個元件或特徵與另一個或多個元件或特徵的關係。空間相對術語除了圖式中描繪的方位之外，還可以意圖涵蓋使用或操作中的裝置的不同方位。例如，如果圖式中的裝置被翻轉，則被描述為在其他元件或特徵「之下」或「下方」的元件將被定向為在其他元件或特徵「之上」。因此，示例術語「在……下方」可以包括上方和下方兩個方位。可以以其他方式定向裝置（旋轉90度或其他方向），並據此解釋本文使用的空間相對描述語。Spatial relative terms can be used in this article, such as "inside", "outside", "below", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", etc., in order to describe the one shown in the diagram The relationship of an element or feature to another element or feature or features. In addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings, the spatial relative terms may also be intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation. For example, if the device in the drawing is turned over, elements described as "below" or "below" other elements or features will be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Therefore, the example term "below" can include both an orientation of above and below. The device can be oriented in other ways (rotated by 90 degrees or other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in this article are explained accordingly.
11:傳動離合器 110:殼體 112:第一驅動鏈輪 114:第二驅動鏈輪 116:第三驅動鏈輪 118:第一輸入鏈輪 120:第二輸入鏈輪 122:第三輸入鏈輪 124:第一鏈條 126:第二鏈條 128:第三鏈條 129:張緊器 13:傳動系統 15:自行車 130:第一離合器 132:第二離合器 134:第三離合器 13:傳動系統 15:自行車 17:第一軸 19:曲柄臂 21:第二軸 211:傳動離合器 211a:傳動離合器 211b:傳動離合器 213:傳動系統 217:無線耦合器 23:輸出鏈輪 235:凹部 239:端部 25:鏈條 251:控制裝置 269:頂點 27:後鏈輪 271:非接觸式耦合器 273:非旋轉印刷電路板 275:旋轉印刷電路板 29:離合器輸出元件 31:離合器輸入元件 311:傳動離合器 33:軸承 343:調速器元件 35:凹部 363:彈簧 365:彈簧柱 367:重量塊 37:棘爪 39:端部 41:臂 43:調速器元件 45:音圈 47:磁鐵 49:銅線圈 51:狹槽 53:控制裝置 55:速度感測器 57:測斜儀 59:電源供應器 61:微處理器 A~C:箭頭11: Transmission clutch 110: shell 112: First drive sprocket 114: second drive sprocket 116: third drive sprocket 118: The first input sprocket 120: second input sprocket 122: third input sprocket 124: The first chain 126: The second chain 128: The third chain 129: Tensioner 13: Transmission system 15: Bicycle 130: first clutch 132: Second clutch 134: The third clutch 13: Transmission system 15: Bicycle 17: First axis 19: crank arm 21: second axis 211: Transmission clutch 211a: Transmission clutch 211b: Transmission clutch 213: Transmission System 217: wireless coupler 23: output sprocket 235: Concave 239: End 25: chain 251: control device 269: Vertex 27: Rear sprocket 271: Non-contact coupler 273: Non-rotating printed circuit board 275: Rotating printed circuit board 29: Clutch output element 31: Clutch input element 311: Transmission clutch 33: Bearing 343: governor element 35: recess 363: Spring 365: spring column 367: weight block 37: pawl 39: end 41: Arm 43: governor components 45: voice coil 47: Magnet 49: Copper coil 51: Slot 53: control device 55: Speed sensor 57: Inclinometer 59: power supply 61: Microprocessor A~C: Arrow
在以下幾個非限制性實施例的描述中，將更全面地描述本發明的其他特徵。此描述僅出於舉例說明本發明的目的。不應將其理解為對如上所述的本發明的廣泛概括、揭示或描述的限制。將參考圖式進行描述，其中： 圖1示出了根據本發明的第一實施例的包括傳動系統的自行車； 圖2是圖1所示的傳動系統的立體圖； 圖3是圖1所示的傳動系統其沒有殼體的立體圖； 圖4是應用於自行車的根據第一實施例的傳動系統的示意圖； 圖5是根據第一實施例的傳動系統的分解圖； 圖6是傳動離合器的分解圖，兩個被包括在第一實施例的傳動系統中； 圖7是圖6的傳動離合器處於鬆脫狀態的前部組裝圖； 圖8是圖6的傳動離合器處於接合狀態的前部組裝圖； 圖9是類似於圖8的視圖，但去掉了磁鐵和面板； 圖10是當傳動離合器處於接合狀態時棘爪位在相對應的位置的詳細視圖； 圖11是第一實施例的傳動系統的控制系統的示意圖； 圖12是傳動系統被配置為處於第一齒輪比時的剖視圖； 圖13是如圖12所示的第一實施例的傳動系統的一部分當配置為處於第一齒輪比時的代表性側視圖； 圖14是當傳動系統配置為處於第二齒輪比時的剖視圖； 圖15是當如圖14所示的配置為處於第二齒輪比時，第一實施例的傳動系統的一部分的代表性側視圖； 圖16是傳動系統配置為處於第三齒輪比時的剖視圖； 圖17是當如圖16所示的配置為處於第三齒輪比時，第一實施例的傳動系統的一部分的代表性側視圖； 圖18是根據第二實施例的傳動系統的立體圖； 圖19是圖18所示的傳動系統的分解圖； 圖20是圖18所示的傳動系統的前視圖； 圖21是傳動離合器的分解圖，其中兩個包括在第二實施例的傳動系統中； 圖22是圖21的離合器處於鬆脫狀態的前部組裝圖； 圖23是圖21的離合器處於接合狀態的前部組裝圖； 圖24是當第二實施例的傳動系統的一部分配置為處於第一齒輪比時的代表性側視圖； 圖25是當第二實施例的傳動系統的一部分配置為處於第二齒輪比時的代表性側視圖； 圖26是當第二實施例的傳動系統的一部分配置為處於第三齒輪比時的代表性側視圖； 圖27是可用於第一實施例的傳動系統中的替代傳動離合器的側視圖。In the following description of several non-limiting embodiments, other features of the present invention will be described more fully. This description is only for the purpose of illustrating the invention. It should not be understood as a limitation to the broad generalization, disclosure or description of the present invention as described above. It will be described with reference to the drawings, where: Fig. 1 shows a bicycle including a transmission system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of the transmission system shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the transmission system shown in Figure 1 without a housing; 4 is a schematic diagram of a transmission system according to the first embodiment applied to a bicycle; Figure 5 is an exploded view of the transmission system according to the first embodiment; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the transmission clutch, two are included in the transmission system of the first embodiment; Figure 7 is a front assembly view of the transmission clutch of Figure 6 in a released state; Figure 8 is a front assembly view of the transmission clutch of Figure 6 in an engaged state; Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8, but with the magnet and panel removed; Figure 10 is a detailed view of the pawl in the corresponding position when the transmission clutch is in the engaged state; 11 is a schematic diagram of the control system of the transmission system of the first embodiment; Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission system configured to be in the first gear ratio; FIG. 13 is a representative side view of a part of the transmission system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 12 when configured at the first gear ratio; Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view when the transmission system is configured at the second gear ratio; 15 is a representative side view of a part of the transmission system of the first embodiment when the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is at the second gear ratio; Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission system when it is configured at a third gear ratio; FIG. 17 is a representative side view of a part of the transmission system of the first embodiment when the configuration shown in FIG. 16 is at a third gear ratio; Figure 18 is a perspective view of a transmission system according to a second embodiment; Figure 19 is an exploded view of the transmission system shown in Figure 18; Figure 20 is a front view of the transmission system shown in Figure 18; Figure 21 is an exploded view of the transmission clutch, two of which are included in the transmission system of the second embodiment; Figure 22 is a front assembly view of the clutch of Figure 21 in a released state; Figure 23 is a front assembly view of the clutch of Figure 21 in an engaged state; 24 is a representative side view when a part of the transmission system of the second embodiment is configured to be at the first gear ratio; 25 is a representative side view when a part of the transmission system of the second embodiment is configured to be at a second gear ratio; FIG. 26 is a representative side view when a part of the transmission system of the second embodiment is configured at a third gear ratio; Fig. 27 is a side view of an alternative transmission clutch that can be used in the transmission system of the first embodiment.
在圖式中，貫穿若干視圖，相似的結構由相似的標號表示。 所示的圖式不一定按比例繪製，而是通常將重點放在說明本發明的原理上。In the drawings, similar structures are indicated by similar reference numerals throughout the several views. The drawings shown are not necessarily drawn to scale, but usually focus on explaining the principles of the invention.
無no
29:離合器輸出元件 29: Clutch output element
31:離合器輸入元件 31: Clutch input element
35:凹部 35: recess
37:棘爪 37: pawl
39:端部 39: end
49:銅線圈 49: Copper coil
Claims (72)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2018903659 | 2018-09-27 | ||
| AU2018903658A AU2018903658A0 (en) | 2018-09-27 | A Transmission System | |
| AU2018903659A AU2018903659A0 (en) | 2018-09-27 | A Clutch | |
| AU2018903658 | 2018-09-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW202021862A true TW202021862A (en) | 2020-06-16 |
Family
ID=69949198
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW108135270A TW202021862A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | Transmission system |
| TW108135269A TW202024501A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | A clutch |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW108135269A TW202024501A (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2019-09-27 | A clutch |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (2) | TW202021862A (en) |
| WO (2) | WO2020061624A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR455836A (en) * | 1913-01-09 | 1913-08-09 | Charles Jelinek | Gear change for transmission by gear wheels, chain wheels or belts |
| US5099712A (en) * | 1989-08-30 | 1992-03-31 | Douglass David S | Automatic transmission with free-wheeling drive shaft |
| DE102007013443A1 (en) * | 2007-03-21 | 2008-09-25 | Nicolai, Karlheinz, Dipl.-Ing. (TU) | Traction mechanism with kidney-shaped form of traction means |
| ITVR20130272A1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-10 | Siral S R L | SPEED EXCHANGE DEVICE FOR MEANS OF TRANSPORT |
| SG11201701192UA (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2017-03-30 | Eddy Current Ltd Partnership | Tuning of a kinematic relationship between members |
| CN108602545A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2018-09-28 | 布莱特·杰森 | Intermediate transmission auxiliary system for electric bicycle |
-
2019
- 2019-09-25 WO PCT/AU2019/051026 patent/WO2020061624A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-09-27 WO PCT/AU2019/051051 patent/WO2020061645A1/en active Application Filing
- 2019-09-27 TW TW108135270A patent/TW202021862A/en unknown
- 2019-09-27 TW TW108135269A patent/TW202024501A/en unknown
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|---|---|
| WO2020061645A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
| WO2020061624A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 |
| TW202024501A (en) | 2020-07-01 |
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