TW202017678A - Spindle device having built-in motor - Google Patents

Spindle device having built-in motor Download PDF

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Publication number
TW202017678A
TW202017678A TW108130438A TW108130438A TW202017678A TW 202017678 A TW202017678 A TW 202017678A TW 108130438 A TW108130438 A TW 108130438A TW 108130438 A TW108130438 A TW 108130438A TW 202017678 A TW202017678 A TW 202017678A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
motor
spindle device
housing
built
bearing
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TW108130438A
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Chinese (zh)
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松永恭平
小栗翔一郎
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日商日本精工股份有限公司
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Publication of TW202017678A publication Critical patent/TW202017678A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
    • B24B47/12—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces by mechanical gearing or electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/06—Dust extraction equipment on grinding or polishing machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/10—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with arrangements for protection from ingress, e.g. water or fingers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Abstract

A spindle device (10) having a built-in motor, wherein a flinger (40) is fixed to one end side of a rotating shaft (11) and a labyrinth seal (44) is formed between the flinger (40) and a housing H. The housing H has: at least one air purge hole (72) that connects to outside the spindle device (10); and an annular groove (71) into which the air purge hole (72) opens and which faces the labyrinth seal (44). As a result, water-resistance performance can be improved, high-temperature air from heat generated by the motor can be prevented from passing through front bearings, and premature damage to bearings can be prevented.

Description

馬達內建方式之主軸裝置Spindle device with built-in motor

本發明係關於一種馬達內建方式之主軸裝置。The invention relates to a spindle device with a built-in motor.

應用於工作機械等之主軸裝置於旋轉軸之前端包含刀具，高速旋轉而進行被加工物之切削加工或研磨加工。一般而言，於加工時，以刀具及加工部位之潤滑或冷卻為目的，將大量加工液供給於加工部位。即，藉由加工液之潤滑效果，而謀求切削特性之提高、加工刀尖之磨耗抑制、工具壽命之延長等。又，藉由加工液之冷卻效果，而謀求抑制刀具及被加工物之熱膨脹，提高加工精度，或防止加工部位之熱熔著，提高加工效率或提高加工面之表面性狀。The spindle device used in work machines and the like includes a cutter at the front end of the rotary shaft, and rotates at a high speed to perform cutting or grinding of the workpiece. Generally speaking, during machining, a large amount of machining fluid is supplied to the machining part for the purpose of lubricating or cooling the tool and the machining part. That is, the lubricating effect of the machining fluid is used to improve the cutting characteristics, suppress the wear of the cutting edge, and extend the life of the tool. In addition, the cooling effect of the machining fluid seeks to suppress the thermal expansion of the tool and the workpiece, improve the machining accuracy, or prevent the thermal fusion of the machining part, improve the machining efficiency or improve the surface properties of the machining surface.

然而，亦有主軸裝置與加工部位之距離較近之情況，有加工液大量濺於主軸裝置之前面而產生問題之情形。即，有大量供給之加工液滲入支持旋轉軸之軸承內部之情況，加工液滲入軸承內部之情形時，成為軸承之潤滑不良或燒附等之原因。因此，以提高主軸裝置之防水性，防止加工液向軸承內部滲入之目的，將各種防水機構應用於主軸裝置。However, there are also cases where the distance between the main shaft device and the processing part is relatively close, and there is a case where a large amount of processing liquid is splashed on the front surface of the main shaft device to cause problems. That is, there is a case where a large amount of machining fluid supplied penetrates into the bearing that supports the rotating shaft. When the machining fluid penetrates into the bearing, it may cause poor lubrication or burning of the bearing. Therefore, for the purpose of improving the waterproofness of the spindle device and preventing the penetration of the machining fluid into the bearing, various waterproof mechanisms are applied to the spindle device.

尤其，使用於工作機械之主軸裝置中，使用軸承dmn值為40萬以上(更佳為50萬以上)之情形時，多於主軸裝置之前端部(工具側)，應用與旋轉軸一體旋轉之稱為護圈之非接觸防水機構。護圈係減小該護圈與殼體間之間隙，構成所謂迷宮式密封而謀求防水性提高者。其理由係油密封或V密封等之接觸密封中，高速旋轉時自密封接觸部之發熱較大，密封構件磨耗，難以於長期間內維持防水性能之故。In particular, when used in the spindle device of a work machine, when the bearing dmn value is more than 400,000 (preferably more than 500,000), it is more than the front end of the spindle device (tool side), and it should rotate integrally with the rotating shaft Non-contact waterproof mechanism called guard ring. The retainer reduces the gap between the retainer and the housing, and constitutes a so-called labyrinth seal to improve waterproofness. The reason for this is that in contact seals such as oil seals and V seals, the self-sealing contact portion generates large heat during high-speed rotation, and the sealing member wears out, making it difficult to maintain waterproof performance for a long period of time.

又，近年來之工作機械用主軸中，為提高加工效率故推進主軸轉速之高速化，伴隨於此，採用馬達內建方式之主軸裝置。尤其，於專利文獻1中，揭示包含護圈之馬達內建構造之主軸裝置。In addition, in recent years, spindles for working machines have been used to increase the speed of the spindle in order to increase the processing efficiency. Along with this, a spindle device with a built-in motor is used. In particular, Patent Document 1 discloses a main shaft device having a built-in structure of a motor including a retainer ring.

圖4係顯示包含護圈之先前之馬達內建構造之主軸裝置之一例之剖視圖。該主軸裝置100於主軸裝置100之內部具有馬達101，驅動該馬達101而使旋轉軸102旋轉。又，護圈105以與旋轉軸102一體旋轉之方式，固定於主軸裝置100之前端部，於殼體103之前側殼體106與前側外環擠壓件107間，形成迷宮式密封部108。藉此，由於護圈105與旋轉軸102一起高速一體旋轉，故與上述迷宮效果同時亦具有如下效果：將淋於護圈105之加工液以離心力向徑向外方甩開，抑制加工液向主軸裝置100之內部，尤其向前側軸承109內部滲入。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a spindle device including a built-in structure of a previous motor including a retainer ring. The spindle device 100 has a motor 101 inside the spindle device 100, and drives the motor 101 to rotate the rotating shaft 102. In addition, the retainer 105 is fixed to the front end of the spindle device 100 so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 102, and forms a labyrinth seal 108 between the housing 106 and the front outer ring extrusion 107 before the housing 103. Thereby, since the retainer 105 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 102 at a high speed, it has the following effect at the same time as the above-mentioned labyrinth effect: the machining fluid showered on the retainer 105 is centrifugally thrown away radially outwards, suppressing the direction of the machining fluid The inside of the spindle device 100, especially the inside of the front bearing 109, penetrates. [Prior Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2016-26900號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-26900

[發明所欲解決之問題][Problems to be solved by the invention]

然而，如圖4所示之主軸裝置100中，因馬達驅動時產生之各種損耗而於馬達101中產生熱能。藉由該熱能，於殼體103內部，尤其於收容馬達101之馬達室104之空氣被加熱，而成為高溫空氣。再者，主軸裝置100一般而言係以使來自外部之空氣或水分、髒污等儘量不進入之方式設計，故除設置於旋轉軸102前部之迷宮式密封部108外，如將主軸裝置100之內部空間與外部連接之孔等多不打開。因此，因上述高溫空氣而主軸裝置100之內部空間(尤其馬達室104)與外部相比壓力變高。However, in the spindle device 100 shown in FIG. 4, thermal energy is generated in the motor 101 due to various losses generated when the motor is driven. With this heat energy, the air inside the housing 103, especially the motor chamber 104 housing the motor 101, is heated to become high-temperature air. In addition, the spindle device 100 is generally designed in such a way that air, moisture, dirt, etc. from the outside do not enter as much as possible. Therefore, in addition to the labyrinth seal 108 provided at the front of the rotating shaft 102, if the spindle device Most of the internal space of 100 and external connection holes are not opened. Therefore, the internal space of the spindle device 100 (especially the motor chamber 104) becomes higher in pressure than the outside due to the high-temperature air.

另一方面，護圈105附近係旋轉軸102之旋轉中周速變得最快之部分，護圈105附近之空氣隨護圈105之旋轉而旋轉。根據伯努利定律，若流體之速度增加，則其壓力降低。即，隨主軸裝置101中周速最快之護圈105之旋轉而旋轉之空氣於主軸裝置100附近之空氣中速度最高，故其壓力最低。On the other hand, the vicinity of the retainer 105 is the portion where the peripheral speed becomes the fastest during the rotation of the rotating shaft 102, and the air near the retainer 105 rotates as the retainer 105 rotates. According to Bernoulli's law, if the velocity of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. That is, the air rotating with the rotation of the guard ring 105 having the fastest peripheral speed in the spindle device 101 has the highest velocity in the air near the spindle device 100, so its pressure is the lowest.

如上所述，因馬達101所產生之熱能使得馬達室104內之空氣之壓力變高，另一方面，因護圈105之旋轉使得護圈105附近之壓力變低，從而於主軸裝置100之內部產生空氣自馬達室104向主軸裝置100之前面方向(朝向護圈105之方向)流動之現象。As described above, due to the heat energy generated by the motor 101, the pressure of the air in the motor chamber 104 becomes higher. On the other hand, the rotation of the retainer 105 causes the pressure near the retainer 105 to become lower, which is inside the spindle device 100. A phenomenon in which air flows from the motor chamber 104 to the front direction of the main shaft device 100 (toward the retainer 105) occurs.

又，該情形時，由於前側軸承109位於連接主軸裝置100之內部空間與迷宮式密封部108之空間中途，故於旋轉軸102旋轉中，馬達室104之高溫空氣通過前側軸承109內之間隙。藉由該高溫空氣之移動，使得前側軸承109之潤滑劑(油或油脂等)潤滑地自適當場所被強制移動，及因高溫空氣通過前側軸承109內部，使得軸承109之內部溫度上升，從而軸承109之使用環境變嚴酷，故有軸承109早期損傷之虞。In this case, since the front bearing 109 is located in the middle of the space connecting the internal space of the spindle device 100 and the labyrinth seal 108, the high temperature air in the motor chamber 104 passes through the gap in the front bearing 109 while the rotating shaft 102 is rotating. By the movement of the high-temperature air, the lubricant (oil, grease, etc.) of the front bearing 109 is forcibly moved from an appropriate place in a lubricating manner, and because the high-temperature air passes through the inside of the front bearing 109, the internal temperature of the bearing 109 rises, and the bearing The use environment of 109 becomes harsh, so there is a risk of early damage to bearing 109.

本發明係鑑於上述問題而完成者，其目的係提供一種可謀求防水性能之提高，且抑制因馬達之發熱而高溫空氣通過前側軸承，防止軸承之早期損傷之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置。 [為解決課題之手段]The present invention has been completed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a spindle device of a built-in motor type that can improve the waterproof performance and suppress high-temperature air from passing through the front bearing due to the heat of the motor to prevent early damage to the bearing. [Means to solve the problem]

本發明之上述目的係藉由下述構成而達成。 (1) 一種馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其包含： 旋轉軸； 前側軸承及後側軸承，其等各自將上述旋轉軸旋轉自如地支持於殼體；及 馬達，其具有：轉子，其於該前側軸承及後側軸承間可與上述旋轉軸一體旋轉地配置；及定子，其配置於該轉子周圍，且 該主軸裝置包含護圈，該護圈固定於上述旋轉軸之前端部側，且在與上述殼體之間形成迷宮式密封， 上述殼體具有與主軸裝置之外部連通之至少1個驅氣孔、及供該驅氣孔開口且面向上述迷宮式密封之環狀槽。 [發明之效果]The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration. (1) A spindle device with a built-in motor, including: Rotation axis Front bearing and rear bearing, each of which rotatably supports the rotating shaft to the housing; and The motor has: a rotor, which is rotatably arranged integrally with the rotating shaft between the front bearing and the rear bearing; and a stator, which is arranged around the rotor, and The main shaft device includes a retainer, which is fixed to the front end side of the rotating shaft and forms a labyrinth seal with the housing, The casing has at least one vent hole communicating with the outside of the main shaft device, and an annular groove for opening the vent hole and facing the labyrinth seal. [Effect of invention]

根據本發明之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，藉由護圈提高防水性能，且使驅氣孔之一端對面向迷宮式密封之環狀槽開口，將來自主軸裝置外部之空氣供給至迷宮式密封，從而消除迷宮式密封與馬達室之壓力差。藉此，可抑制因自馬達產生之熱能而升溫之馬達室內之高溫空氣通過前側軸承，減低前側軸承內部之溫度上升，提高前側軸承之可靠性，進而提高主軸裝置之可靠性。According to the spindle device of the built-in motor mode of the present invention, the waterproof performance is improved by the guard ring, and one end of the air vent hole faces the annular groove opening of the labyrinth seal to supply air from the outside of the spindle device to the labyrinth seal. Thereby eliminating the pressure difference between the labyrinth seal and the motor room. Thereby, the high temperature air in the motor room heated by the heat energy generated by the motor can be prevented from passing through the front bearing, the temperature rise inside the front bearing can be reduced, the reliability of the front bearing can be improved, and the reliability of the spindle device can be improved.

以下，基於圖式，詳細說明本發明之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置之各實施形態。另，以下之說明中，亦將安裝旋轉軸之工具之側(工具側)稱為前側，將工具側之相反側稱為後側。Hereinafter, based on the drawings, each embodiment of the spindle device of the built-in motor of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, in the following description, the side (tool side) on which the rotating shaft is mounted is also referred to as the front side, and the side opposite to the tool side is referred to as the rear side.

(第1實施形態) 圖1係本發明之第1實施形態之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置之剖視圖。 如圖1所示，工作機械主軸用之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置10(以下，簡稱為「主軸裝置10」)中，旋轉軸11係藉由配置於其工具側(圖1中為左側)之2列前側軸承50、50，及配置於反工具側(圖1中為右側)之2列後側軸承60、60，旋轉自如地支持於殼體H。殼體H係自工具側起依序主要由前側殼體12、外筒13、後側殼體14及後蓋15構成，藉由未圖示之螺栓分別緊固固定。(First embodiment) FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle device with a built-in motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, in a spindle device 10 (hereinafter referred to simply as "spindle device 10") with a built-in motor for a work machine spindle, the rotating shaft 11 is arranged on the tool side (left side in FIG. 1) The two rows of front-side bearings 50 and 50 and the two rows of rear-side bearings 60 and 60 arranged on the counter tool side (right side in FIG. 1) are rotatably supported by the housing H. The housing H is mainly composed of a front housing 12, an outer cylinder 13, a rear housing 14 and a rear cover 15 in order from the tool side, and is fastened and fixed by bolts (not shown).

各前側軸承50係分別具有外環51、內環52、具有接觸角而配置之作為轉動體之滾珠53、及未圖示之保持器之斜角滾珠軸承，各後側軸承60係具有外環61、內環62、具有接觸角而配置之作為轉動體之滾珠63、及未圖示之保持器之斜角滾珠軸承。前側軸承50、50(並列組合)及後側軸承60、60(並列組合)係互相協動，以成為背面組合之方式配置。Each front bearing 50 has an outer ring 51, an inner ring 52, a ball 53 as a rotating body arranged with a contact angle, and a beveled ball bearing of a retainer (not shown), and each rear bearing 60 has an outer ring 61. Inner ring 62, ball 63 as a rotating body arranged with a contact angle, and a beveled ball bearing of a retainer (not shown). The front-side bearings 50 and 50 (in parallel combination) and the rear-side bearings 60 and 60 (in parallel combination) are coordinated with each other, and are arranged in such a manner as to be a rear combination.

前側軸承50、50之外環51、51係內嵌於前側殼體12，又，藉由與形成於前側殼體12之內螺紋27螺合固定之前側外環擠壓件16，介隔外環間隔圈54，對於前側殼體12於軸向定位固定。另，內螺紋27自前側殼體12之內嵌外環51、51之部分之前端面12a向前方突出，形成於與後述之護圈40對向之前側筒部12b之內周面。The front bearings 50, 50 have the outer rings 51, 51 embedded in the front housing 12, and the front outer ring extrusion 16 is fixed by screwing with the internal thread 27 formed on the front housing 12 to intersect the outer The ring spacer 54 is positioned and fixed to the front housing 12 in the axial direction. In addition, the internal thread 27 protrudes forward from the front end surface 12a of the portion where the outer rings 51 and 51 of the front housing 12 are fitted, and is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the front side cylinder portion 12b facing the retainer 40 described later.

又，前側軸承50、50之內環52、52係外嵌於旋轉軸11，藉由緊固於旋轉軸11之螺母17，介隔後述之護圈40及內環間隔圈55，於軸向對旋轉軸11定位固定。In addition, the inner rings 52, 52 of the front bearings 50, 50 are externally embedded in the rotating shaft 11, and the nut 17 fastened to the rotating shaft 11 is interposed between the retaining ring 40 and the inner ring spacer 55, which will be described later, in the axial direction The rotary shaft 11 is positioned and fixed.

後側軸承60、60之外環61、61內嵌於在軸向滑動自如地對後側殼體14內嵌之套筒18，且藉由以未圖示之螺栓一體固定於該套筒18之後側外環擠壓件19，介隔外環間隔圈64於軸向對套筒18定位固定。The rear bearings 60, 60 have the outer rings 61, 61 embedded in a sleeve 18 that is slidably inserted into the rear housing 14 in the axial direction, and are integrally fixed to the sleeve 18 by bolts (not shown) Later, the outer ring pressing member 19 is positioned and fixed to the sleeve 18 in the axial direction via the outer ring spacer 64.

後側軸承60、60之內環62、62係外嵌於旋轉軸11，又，藉由緊固於旋轉軸11之其他螺母21，介隔內環間隔圈65、65，於軸向對旋轉軸11定位固定。於後側殼體14與後側外環擠壓件19之間，配設螺旋彈簧23，該螺旋彈簧23之彈力將後側外環擠壓件19與套筒18一起向後方按壓。藉此，對前側軸承50、50及後側軸承60、60賦予預壓。The inner rings 62, 62 of the rear bearings 60, 60 are externally embedded in the rotating shaft 11, and, by other nuts 21 fastened to the rotating shaft 11, intersect the inner ring spacers 65, 65 and rotate in the axial direction The shaft 11 is positioned and fixed. A coil spring 23 is disposed between the rear housing 14 and the rear outer ring pressing member 19. The elastic force of the coil spring 23 presses the rear outer ring pressing member 19 together with the sleeve 18 to the rear. As a result, preload is given to the front bearings 50 and 50 and the rear bearings 60 and 60.

於旋轉軸11之工具側，設有形成於通過軸中心之軸向之未圖示之工具安裝孔及內螺紋。工具安裝孔及內螺紋係用以將刀具等未圖示之工具安裝於旋轉軸11而使用。另，亦可取代工具安裝孔及內螺紋，而將先前眾所周知之拉桿(未圖示)滑動自如地挿嵌於旋轉軸11之軸芯。拉桿皆具備固定未圖示之工具架之夾頭部，藉由圓形簧之力朝反工具側方向施力。On the tool side of the rotating shaft 11, a tool mounting hole (not shown) and an internal thread formed in the axial direction passing through the center of the shaft are provided. The tool mounting hole and the internal thread are used for mounting tools (not shown) such as knives to the rotating shaft 11. In addition, instead of the tool mounting hole and internal thread, a previously known pull rod (not shown) can be slidably inserted into the axis of the rotating shaft 11. The pull rods all have a clamping head that fixes the tool holder (not shown), and is urged toward the counter tool side by the force of the circular spring.

於旋轉軸11之前側軸承50、50與後側軸承60、60間之軸向大致中央，配設有馬達30，該馬達30包含可與旋轉軸11一體旋轉地配置之轉子31、及配置於轉子31周圍之定子32。將熱嵌於定子32之冷卻罩33內嵌於構成殼體H之外筒13，從而將定子32固定於外筒13。At a substantially axial center between the front-side bearings 50 and 50 and the rear-side bearings 60 and 60 of the rotating shaft 11, a motor 30 is provided. The motor 30 includes a rotor 31 rotatably arranged integrally with the rotating shaft 11 and a The stator 32 around the rotor 31. The cooling cover 33 that is heat-inserted into the stator 32 is embedded in the outer tube 13 constituting the case H, thereby fixing the stator 32 to the outer tube 13.

連接於定子32之線圈而對定子32供給電力之電線35係插通於後側殼體14及設置於後蓋15之配索孔36a、36b而連接於外部電源。馬達30經由電線35對定子32供給電力，從而使轉子31產生旋轉力而使旋轉軸11旋轉。馬達30收容於旋轉軸11周圍由前側殼體12、外筒13、後側殼體14及套筒18包圍之空間即馬達室34內。另，後蓋15具有蓋住形成於後端部之開口部分15a之開口蓋28。The electric wire 35 connected to the coil of the stator 32 and supplying power to the stator 32 is inserted into the rear housing 14 and the cable holes 36a and 36b provided in the rear cover 15 to be connected to an external power source. The motor 30 supplies electric power to the stator 32 via the electric wire 35 to generate a rotational force of the rotor 31 and rotate the rotating shaft 11. The motor 30 is housed in a motor chamber 34 which is a space surrounded by the front casing 12, the outer cylinder 13, the rear casing 14 and the sleeve 18 around the rotating shaft 11. In addition, the rear cover 15 has an opening cover 28 covering the opening portion 15a formed at the rear end portion.

護圈40如上所述，於較前側軸承50、50靠工具側(圖中左側)外嵌於旋轉軸11之前端部側，以螺母17與內環52、52一起固定於旋轉軸11。As described above, the retainer 40 is externally fitted to the front end side of the rotary shaft 11 on the tool side (left side in the figure) from the front side bearings 50 and 50, and is fixed to the rotary shaft 11 together with the inner ring 52 and 52 with a nut 17.

護圈40具有：輪轂部41，其外嵌於旋轉軸11；圓盤部42，其自輪殼部41於徑向外方延伸設置；及圓環部43，其自該圓盤部42之外周部向後方環狀地延伸設置。The retainer 40 has: a hub portion 41, which is embedded on the rotating shaft 11; a disk portion 42, which extends radially outward from the wheel housing portion 41; and a ring portion 43, which extends from the disk portion 42 The outer peripheral portion extends annularly rearward.

圓盤部42之軸向內側面隔著些微的軸向間隙、例如0.5 mm左右之間隙，於軸向與前側殼體12及外側外環擠壓件16之前端面對向配置，圓環部43之內周面隔著些微的徑向間隙、例如0.5 mm左右間隙，於徑向與前側殼體12之外周面對向配置。藉此，於旋轉構件即護圈40與非旋轉構件即前側殼體12及前側外環擠壓件16之間，構成所謂迷宮式密封44。The axial inner side of the disc portion 42 is arranged with a slight axial gap, for example, a gap of about 0.5 mm, facing the front end of the front housing 12 and the outer outer ring extrusion 16 in the axial direction, and the annular portion The inner circumferential surface of 43 is arranged facing the outer circumferential surface of the front side casing 12 in the radial direction with a slight radial gap, for example, a gap of about 0.5 mm. Thereby, a so-called labyrinth seal 44 is formed between the retainer ring 40 which is a rotating member and the front housing 12 and the front outer ring extrusion 16 which are non-rotating members.

又，在與護圈40之圓環部43之內周面對向之前側殼體12之外周面，遍及全周形成有環狀槽71。於環狀槽71，連接貫通殼體H(後蓋15、後側殼體14、外筒13及上述殼體12)而彎曲形成之驅氣孔72之一端，於驅氣孔72之另一端連接泵P，而將空氣自主軸裝置10之外部供給至環狀槽71。由於環狀槽71係於前側殼體12之外周面遍及全周形成之周向槽，故遍及環狀槽71之全周供給空氣，將迷宮式密封44之壓力於周向均一化。In addition, an annular groove 71 is formed over the entire circumference on the outer circumferential surface of the front casing 12 facing the inner circumferential surface of the annular portion 43 of the retainer 40. The annular groove 71 is connected to one end of a gas-displacing hole 72 bent through the housing H (rear cover 15, rear-side housing 14, outer cylinder 13 and the above-mentioned housing 12), and a pump is connected to the other end of the gas-discharging hole 72 P, and the outside of the air main shaft device 10 is supplied to the annular groove 71. Since the annular groove 71 is a circumferential groove formed on the outer circumferential surface of the front casing 12 over the entire circumference, air is supplied throughout the entire circumference of the annular groove 71 to uniformize the pressure of the labyrinth seal 44 in the circumferential direction.

又，本實施形態之主軸裝置10中，即使護圈40與旋轉軸11同時旋轉之情形時，因自驅氣孔72對環狀槽71供給外部空氣，從而馬達室34之壓力與迷宮式密封44之壓力均衡。因此，不易產生因來自馬達30之熱而變成高溫之馬達室34內之空氣通過前側軸承50內之間隙而朝主軸裝置10之前方移動。因此，可抑制前側軸承50內之潤滑劑之強制移動或軸承部之異常溫度上升，防止前側軸承50早期損傷，主軸裝置10之可靠性提高。In addition, in the spindle device 10 of the present embodiment, even when the retainer 40 and the rotating shaft 11 rotate at the same time, the external air is supplied to the annular groove 71 from the air drive hole 72, so that the pressure of the motor chamber 34 and the labyrinth seal 44 The pressure is balanced. Therefore, the air in the motor chamber 34 that becomes high in temperature due to the heat from the motor 30 is less likely to move toward the front of the spindle device 10 through the gap in the front bearing 50. Therefore, the forced movement of the lubricant in the front bearing 50 or the abnormal temperature rise of the bearing portion can be suppressed, the front bearing 50 can be prevented from being damaged early, and the reliability of the spindle device 10 can be improved.

再者，因自驅氣孔72對迷宮式密封44導入外部空氣，迷宮式密封44之壓力較主軸裝置10之外部更高而形成氣簾，從而抑制加工被加工物時落到主軸裝置10之加工液進入前側軸承50、50側。又，即使加工液或粉塵侵入迷宮部位，亦可藉由護圈40之離心力之甩開效果，自圓環部43向外部排出，可防止加工液或粉塵侵入旋轉軸11之內部。In addition, since the external air is introduced into the labyrinth seal 44 from the air drive hole 72, the pressure of the labyrinth seal 44 is higher than that of the outside of the spindle device 10 to form an air curtain, thereby suppressing the machining fluid falling on the spindle device 10 when processing the workpiece Enter the front bearing 50, 50 side. In addition, even if the machining fluid or dust enters the labyrinth part, the centrifugal force of the retaining ring 40 can be discharged to the outside from the ring portion 43 to prevent the machining fluid or dust from invading into the rotating shaft 11.

另，本實施形態中，驅氣孔72之根數或周向相位、開口部剖面積等可配合主軸裝置10之規格或使用條件等適當設計。又，為防止髒污或霧等異物侵入，亦可於泵P安裝消音器等未圖示之過濾器構件。In addition, in the present embodiment, the number of gas purging holes 72, the circumferential phase, the cross-sectional area of the opening, etc. can be appropriately designed in accordance with the specifications of the spindle device 10 or the use conditions. In addition, in order to prevent foreign matter such as dirt or mist from entering, a filter member (not shown) such as a silencer may be installed on the pump P.

(第2實施形態) 接著，參照圖2，針對主軸裝置之第2實施形態進行說明。如圖2所示，本實施形態之環狀槽73係在與護圈40之圓盤部42對向之前側殼體12之軸向端面形成為圓環狀。與第1實施形態之主軸裝置10同樣地，藉由連接有泵P之驅氣孔72，自主軸裝置10A之外部對環狀槽73供給空氣。因此，與第1實施形態同樣地，自驅氣孔72對環狀槽73供給外部空氣，從而馬達室34之壓力與迷宮式密封44之壓力均衡，不易發生因來自馬達30之發熱而變成高溫之馬達室34之空氣通過前側軸承50內之間隙而朝主軸裝置10之前方移動的情況。又，由於環狀槽73亦為於前側殼體12之軸向端面遍及全周形成之周向槽，故將迷宮式密封44之壓力於周向均一化。(Second embodiment) Next, referring to FIG. 2, a second embodiment of the spindle device will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the annular groove 73 of the present embodiment is formed in an annular shape on the axial end surface of the case 12 on the front side facing the disc portion 42 of the retainer 40. Similar to the main shaft device 10 of the first embodiment, the air is supplied to the annular groove 73 from the outside of the main shaft device 10A through the blast hole 72 to which the pump P is connected. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the external air is supplied to the annular groove 73 from the air vent 72, so that the pressure of the motor chamber 34 and the pressure of the labyrinth seal 44 are balanced, and it is unlikely that the heat generated by the motor 30 becomes high temperature. The air in the motor chamber 34 moves toward the front of the spindle device 10 through the gap in the front bearing 50. In addition, since the annular groove 73 is also a circumferential groove formed on the axial end surface of the front side casing 12 over the entire circumference, the pressure of the labyrinth seal 44 is uniformized in the circumferential direction.

(第3實施形態) 接著，參照圖3，針對主軸裝置之第3實施形態進行說明。如圖3所示，本實施形態之主軸裝置10B除第1實施形態之主軸裝置10之構成外，於前側殼體12形成有連通馬達室34與迷宮式密封44之複數個旁通孔24。旁通孔24之空氣阻力因剖面積之大小等關係，而小於前側軸承50之內部間隙之空氣阻力。(Third Embodiment) Next, referring to Fig. 3, a third embodiment of the spindle device will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the configuration of the spindle device 10 of the first embodiment, the spindle device 10B of the present embodiment has a plurality of bypass holes 24 formed in the front housing 12 to communicate the motor chamber 34 and the labyrinth seal 44. The air resistance of the bypass hole 24 is smaller than the air resistance of the internal gap of the front bearing 50 due to the size of the cross-sectional area.

旁通孔24係於前側殼體12內朝軸向延伸之直孔，為剖面積於長度方向不變之圓形剖面，可容易加工。另，本實施形態中，複數個旁通孔24形成於供前側軸承50、50之外環51、51內嵌之前側殼體12之部分之內周面，或較供前側外環擠壓件16螺合之內螺紋27更靠外徑側且較形成於外周面之冷卻槽26更靠內徑側之徑向位置。The bypass hole 24 is a straight hole extending in the axial direction in the front housing 12 and is a circular cross-section with a constant cross-sectional area in the longitudinal direction, which can be easily processed. In addition, in this embodiment, a plurality of bypass holes 24 are formed on the inner circumferential surface of the portion where the front side bearings 50, 50 outer rings 51, 51 are embedded in the front side housing 12, or the front side outer ring extrusion The 16-threaded female screw 27 is located on the outer diameter side and is located on the inner diameter side of the cooling groove 26 formed on the outer peripheral surface in the radial direction.

因將環狀槽71及連接主軸裝置10B之外部之驅氣孔72與旁通孔24組合設置，雖然在旋轉軸11之旋轉初期或停止時初期、即迷宮式密封44之壓力與馬達室34之壓力尚未均衡時會有發生空氣移動之虞，但由於移動之該空氣不會通過前側軸承50內而通過旁通孔24，故可抑制前側軸承50之溫度上升，防止前側軸承50之早期損傷。 關於其他構成及作用，與本發明之第1實施形態相同。Since the annular groove 71 and the vent hole 72 and the bypass hole 24 connected to the outside of the spindle device 10B are provided in combination, although the pressure of the labyrinth seal 44 and the motor chamber 34 are at the initial stage of the rotation of the rotating shaft 11 or at the initial stage of stopping, If the pressure is not equalized, there is a risk of air movement. However, since the moving air does not pass through the inside of the front bearing 50 but through the bypass hole 24, the temperature rise of the front bearing 50 can be suppressed and early damage to the front bearing 50 can be prevented. Other configurations and functions are the same as in the first embodiment of the present invention.

另，本發明並非限定於上述各實施形態，可進行適當變化、改良等。 例如，本發明之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置亦可適於使用作為磨床主軸用。In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can be appropriately changed, improved, and the like. For example, the spindle device of the built-in motor of the present invention can also be suitably used as a grinder spindle.

如上所述，本說明書揭示以下事項。 (1)一種馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其包含： 旋轉軸； 前側軸承及後側軸承，其等各自將上述旋轉軸旋轉自如地支持於殼體；及 馬達，其具有：轉子，其於該前側軸承及後側軸承間可與上述旋轉軸一體旋轉地配置；及定子，其配置於該轉子周圍，且 該主軸裝置包含護圈，該護圈固定於上述旋轉軸之前端部側，且在與上述殼體之間形成迷宮式密封， 上述殼體具有與主軸裝置之外部連通之至少1個驅氣孔、及供該驅氣孔開口且面向上述迷宮式密封之環狀槽。 根據該構成，藉由護圈提高防水性能，且使驅氣孔之一端對面向迷宮式密封之環狀槽開口，供給來自主軸裝置外部之空氣，從而使馬達室與迷宮式密封之壓力均衡。藉此，藉由馬達室與迷宮式密封之壓力差，而抑制馬達室內之高溫空氣於前側軸承內移動，故可減低前側軸承之溫度上升，提高前側軸承之可靠性，進而提高主軸裝置之可靠性。As described above, this specification discloses the following matters. (1) A spindle device with a built-in motor, which includes: Rotation axis Front bearing and rear bearing, each of which rotatably supports the rotating shaft to the housing; and The motor has: a rotor, which is rotatably arranged integrally with the rotating shaft between the front bearing and the rear bearing; and a stator, which is arranged around the rotor, and The main shaft device includes a retainer, which is fixed to the front end side of the rotating shaft and forms a labyrinth seal with the housing, The casing has at least one vent hole communicating with the outside of the main shaft device, and an annular groove for opening the vent hole and facing the labyrinth seal. According to this configuration, the waterproof performance is improved by the guard ring, and one end of the vent hole faces the annular groove opening of the labyrinth seal to supply air from outside the spindle device, thereby equalizing the pressure between the motor chamber and the labyrinth seal. In this way, by the pressure difference between the motor room and the labyrinth seal, the high temperature air in the motor room is suppressed from moving in the front bearing, so the temperature rise of the front bearing can be reduced, the reliability of the front bearing can be improved, and the reliability of the spindle device can be improved. Sex.

(2)如(1)之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其中上述殼體包含將配置上述馬達之馬達室與上述迷宮式密封連通的至少1個旁通孔。 根據該構成，不使藉由自馬達產生之熱能而昇溫之馬達室內之高溫空氣通過上述軸承，而將其自連通馬達室與迷宮式密封之旁通孔排氣，從而可抑制上述軸承內部之溫度上升，提高前側軸承之可靠性，進而提高主軸裝置之可靠性。(2) The spindle device with a built-in motor according to (1), wherein the housing includes at least one bypass hole that communicates the motor chamber in which the motor is arranged with the labyrinth seal. According to this configuration, the high-temperature air in the motor chamber heated by the thermal energy generated by the motor is not allowed to pass through the bearing, but is exhausted from the bypass hole that communicates with the motor chamber and the labyrinth seal, thereby suppressing the inside of the bearing The rise in temperature improves the reliability of the front bearing, and thus the reliability of the spindle device.

如(1)或(2)之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其係工作機械主軸用。 根據該構成，可適於使用作為工作機械主軸用。Such as (1) or (2) motor built-in spindle device, which is used for working machine spindle. According to this configuration, it can be suitably used as a main shaft of a work machine.

如(1)或(2)之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其係磨床主軸用。 根據該構成，可適於使用作為磨床主軸用。Such as (1) or (2) motor built-in spindle device, which is used for grinding machine spindle. According to this configuration, it can be suitably used as a grinding machine spindle.

10、10A、10B:馬內內建方式之主軸裝置 11:旋轉軸 12:前側殼體 12a:前端面 12b:前側筒部 13:外筒 14:後側殼體 15:後蓋 15a:開口部分 16:前側外環擠壓件 17:螺母 18:套筒 19:後側外環擠壓件 21:其他螺母 23:螺旋彈簧 24:旁通孔 27:內螺紋 28:開口蓋 30:馬達 31:轉子 32:定子 33:冷卻罩 34:馬達室 35:電線 36a、36b:配索孔 40:護圈 41:輪殼部 42:圓盤部 43:圓環部 44:迷宮式密封 50:前側軸承 51:外環 52:內環 53:滾珠 54:外環間隔圈 55:內環間隔圈 60:後側軸承 61:外環 62:內環 63:滾珠 64:外環間隔圈 65:內環間隔圈 71、73:環狀槽 72:驅氣孔 100:主軸裝置 101:馬達 102:旋轉軸 103:殼體 104:馬達室 105:護圈 106:前側殼體 107:前側外環擠壓件 108:迷宮式密封部 109:前側軸承 H:殼體 P:泵 10, 10A, 10B: Mane's built-in spindle device 11: Rotating axis 12: Front side housing 12a: front face 12b: Front side cylinder 13: Outer cylinder 14: Rear side housing 15: back cover 15a: opening part 16: Front side outer ring extrusion 17: nut 18: sleeve 19: Rear side outer ring extrusion 21: Other nuts 23: coil spring 24: Bypass hole 27: internal thread 28: opening cover 30: Motor 31: rotor 32: stator 33: cooling hood 34: Motor room 35: Wire 36a, 36b: with cable hole 40: retaining ring 41: Wheel housing 42: Disc Department 43: Circle 44: Labyrinth seal 50: front side bearing 51: outer ring 52: inner ring 53: Ball 54: outer ring spacer 55: inner ring spacer 60: Rear side bearing 61: Outer ring 62: inner ring 63: Ball 64: outer ring spacer 65: inner ring spacer 71, 73: annular groove 72: Blowhole 100: Spindle device 101: Motor 102: axis of rotation 103: Shell 104: Motor room 105: retaining ring 106: front side housing 107: Front side outer ring extrusion 108: Labyrinth seal 109: front side bearing H: shell P: Pump

圖1係本發明之第1實施形態之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置之剖視圖。 圖2係本發明之第2實施形態之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置之剖視圖。 圖3係本發明之第3實施形態之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置之剖視圖。 圖4係先前之主軸裝置之剖視圖。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle device with a built-in motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle device with a built-in motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a spindle device with a built-in motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the previous spindle device.

10:馬內內建方式之主軸裝置 10: Mane's built-in spindle device

11:旋轉軸 11: Rotating axis

12:前側殼體 12: Front side housing

12a:前端面 12a: front face

12b:前側筒部 12b: Front side cylinder

13:外筒 13: Outer cylinder

14:後側殼體 14: Rear side housing

15:後蓋 15: back cover

15a:開口部分 15a: opening part

16:前側外環擠壓件 16: Front side outer ring extrusion

17:螺母 17: nut

18:套筒 18: sleeve

19:後側外環擠壓件 19: Rear side outer ring extrusion

21:其他螺母 21: Other nuts

23:螺旋彈簧 23: coil spring

27:內螺紋 27: internal thread

28:開口蓋 28: opening cover

30:馬達 30: Motor

31:轉子 31: rotor

32:定子 32: stator

33:冷卻罩 33: cooling hood

34:馬達室 34: Motor room

35:電線 35: Wire

36a、36b:配索孔 36a, 36b: with cable hole

40:護圈 40: retaining ring

41:輪殼部 41: Wheel housing

42:圓盤部 42: Disc Department

43:圓環部 43: Circle

44:迷宮式密封 44: Labyrinth seal

50:前側軸承 50: front side bearing

51:外環 51: outer ring

52:內環 52: inner ring

53:滾珠 53: Ball

54:外環間隔圈 54: outer ring spacer

55:內環間隔圈 55: inner ring spacer

60:後側軸承 60: Rear side bearing

61:外環 61: Outer ring

62:內環 62: inner ring

63:滾珠 63: Ball

64:外環間隔圈 64: outer ring spacer

65:內環間隔圈 65: inner ring spacer

71:環狀槽 71: Ring groove

72:驅氣孔 72: Blowhole

H:殼體 H: shell

P:泵 P: Pump

Claims (4)

一種馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其包含： 旋轉軸； 前側軸承及後側軸承，其等各自將上述旋轉軸旋轉自如地支持於殼體；及 馬達，其具有：轉子，其於該前側軸承及後側軸承間可與上述旋轉軸一體旋轉地配置；及定子，其配置於該轉子周圍，且 該主軸裝置包含護圈，該護圈固定於上述旋轉軸之前端部側，且在與上述殼體之間形成迷宮式密封， 上述殼體具有與主軸裝置之外部連通之至少1個驅氣孔、及供該驅氣孔開口且面向上述迷宮式密封之環狀槽。A spindle device with built-in motor includes: Rotation axis Front bearing and rear bearing, each of which rotatably supports the rotating shaft to the housing; and The motor has a rotor, which is rotatably arranged integrally with the rotating shaft between the front bearing and the rear bearing, and a stator, which is arranged around the rotor, and The main shaft device includes a retainer, which is fixed to the front end side of the rotating shaft and forms a labyrinth seal with the housing, The casing has at least one vent hole communicating with the outside of the main shaft device, and an annular groove for opening the vent hole and facing the labyrinth seal. 如請求項1之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其中上述殼體包含將配置上述馬達之馬達室與上述迷宮式密封連通的至少1個旁通孔。The spindle device with a built-in motor mode according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes at least one bypass hole that communicates the motor chamber in which the motor is arranged with the labyrinth seal. 如請求項1或2之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其係工作機械主軸用。If the spindle device with built-in motor of item 1 or 2 is used, it is used for working machine spindle. 如請求項1或2之馬達內建方式之主軸裝置，其係磨床主軸用。If the spindle device with built-in motor of claim 1 or 2 is used for the grinder spindle.
TW108130438A 2018-10-31 2019-08-26 Spindle device having built-in motor TW202017678A (en)

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