TW202010675A

TW202010675A - Front fork

Info

Publication number: TW202010675A
Application number: TW108121623A
Authority: TW
Inventors: 坂脇俊彦
Original assignee: 日商Ｋｙｂ摩托車減震器股份有限公司
Priority date: 2018-06-29
Filing date: 2019-06-21
Publication date: 2020-03-16
Also published as: TWI813707B; JP2020003024A; CN112292543B; WO2020003891A1; JP7051614B2; CN112292543A

Abstract

Provided is a front fork in which a pressure-side orifice can be set freely and consistent damping force can be generated. This front fork is provided with: a piston section (20) provided to a vehicle body-side inner tube (2) and dividing the space between a wheel-side outer tube (1) and a cylinder (3) which is provided inside the outer tube (1) into an extension-side chamber (L1) and a lower chamber (O); a cover (4) affixed to the upper end of the cylinder (3) and separating a reservoir chamber (R) and a cylinder inner chamber (I) which, together with the lower chamber (O), constitutes a pressure-side chamber (L2); an extension-side orifice (3d) for applying resistance to the flow of liquid flowing from the extension-side chamber (L1) to the pressure-side chamber (L2); a pressure-side orifice (4f) for connecting the pressure-side chamber (L2) and the reservoir chamber (R); an extension-side check valve (7) for permitting the flow of liquid flowing from the reservoir chamber (R) toward the pressure-side chamber (L2); and a pressure-side check valve (6) for permitting the flow of liquid from the reservoir chamber (R) or the pressure-side chamber (L2) toward the extension-side chamber (L1).

Description

前叉Front fork

本發明係關於一種前叉(front fork)。The present invention relates to a front fork.

以往，懸架鞍座式(saddle type)車輛之前輪的前叉，係具備：具有外管(outer tube)、及能滑動自如地***於該外管內的內管(inner tube)所構成之伸縮式(telescopic type)的管構件。更且，在前叉中，例如有一種如日本專利JPH09-217780A所揭示，將外管設置於車輪側，將內管設置於車體側之所謂直立式的前叉(例如，專利文獻1)。Conventionally, a front fork of a saddle type vehicle front wheel is equipped with an outer tube and an inner tube that can be slidably inserted into the outer tube. (Telescopic type) pipe member. Furthermore, among the front forks, there is, for example, a so-called upright front fork in which the outer tube is provided on the wheel side and the inner tube is provided on the vehicle body side as disclosed in Japanese Patent JPH09-217780A (for example, Patent Document 1) .

然後，在如此之直立式的前叉中，係在外管之內側設置壓力缸(cylinder)，而形成於外管與壓力缸之間的液室(liquid chamber)、和從壓力缸之內側朝向其上側所形成的儲存室(reservoir chamber)被隔開，並且已設置於內管之下端的活塞(piston)部將液室劃分成伸長側室與壓縮側室。又，在壓力缸，係形成有連通伸長側室與儲存室的伸長側孔口(orifice)、和連通壓縮側室與儲存室的壓縮側室孔口。Then, in such an upright front fork, a cylinder is provided inside the outer tube, and a liquid chamber formed between the outer tube and the pressure cylinder, and from the inside of the pressure cylinder toward the liquid chamber The storage chamber (reservoir chamber) formed on the upper side is partitioned, and a piston part that has been provided at the lower end of the inner tube divides the liquid chamber into an extension side chamber and a compression side chamber. In addition, in the pressure cylinder, an expansion-side orifice communicating the expansion-side chamber and the storage chamber, and a compression-side chamber orifice communicating the compression-side chamber and the storage chamber are formed.

依據上述構成，在前叉伸長時，伸長側室之液體會通過伸長側孔口並移動至儲存室，且產生因對該液體之流動賦予的阻力所引起的伸長側之衰減力。反之，在前叉收縮時，壓縮側室之液體會通過壓縮側孔口並移動至儲存室，且產生因對該液體之流動賦予的阻力所引起的壓縮側之衰減力。According to the above configuration, when the front fork is extended, the liquid in the extension side chamber passes through the extension side orifice and moves to the storage chamber, and a damping force on the extension side due to the resistance imparted to the flow of the liquid is generated. Conversely, when the front fork contracts, the liquid in the compression side chamber passes through the compression side orifice and moves to the storage chamber, and a damping force on the compression side due to the resistance imparted to the flow of the liquid is generated.

在以往的前叉中，壓縮側之衰減力，係藉由已形成於壓力缸的壓縮側孔口之大小的變更所調整。然後，在想要增大壓縮側之衰減力的情況下，只要將壓縮側孔口縮小即可。In the conventional front fork, the damping force on the compression side is adjusted by changing the size of the compression side orifice already formed in the pressure cylinder. Then, if you want to increase the damping force on the compression side, you only need to reduce the compression side orifice.

然而，已形成於壓力缸的壓縮側孔口，也會在前叉之伸長行程中成為將液體從儲存室供給至壓縮側室的伸長側之吸入通路。因此，當減小壓縮側孔口時，就會在伸長行程中於壓縮側室招致吸入不足，有時壓縮側室會成為負壓。然後，當在伸長行程中壓縮側室成為負壓時，就會使接續之壓縮行程中的壓縮側之衰減力的上升變慢，且對騎者帶來如衰減力逸失的不合適感。However, the compression-side orifice that has been formed in the pressure cylinder also serves as a suction passage for supplying liquid from the storage chamber to the expansion-side of the compression-side chamber during the extension stroke of the front fork. Therefore, when the compression-side orifice is reduced, insufficient suction is caused in the compression-side chamber during the extension stroke, and the compression-side chamber may become negative pressure. Then, when the compression side chamber becomes negative pressure during the extension stroke, the rise of the damping force on the compression side in the subsequent compression stroke is slowed, and the rider is uncomfortable as the damping force escapes.

如此，在以往的前叉中，有的情況並無法藉由壓縮側孔口之設定，來產生穩定的壓縮側室之衰減力，且可以變更壓縮側孔口之大小的範圍是有限制的。於是，本發明係為了解決如此的問題而開發完成，其目的在於提供一種可以自由地設定壓縮側孔口，並且可以產生穩定之衰減力的前叉。As such, in the conventional front fork, there are cases where it is impossible to generate a stable damping force of the compression-side chamber by setting the compression-side orifice, and the range in which the size of the compression-side orifice can be changed is limited. Therefore, the present invention was developed to solve such a problem, and its object is to provide a front fork that can freely set the compression-side orifice and can generate stable damping force.

解決上述課題的前叉，係具備：活塞部，其是設置於車體側之內管，並將車輪側之外管與已設置於其內側的壓力缸之間劃分成伸長側室與下室；及蓋，其是固定於壓力缸之上端，並隔開與下室一起構成壓縮側室的壓力缸內室、和儲存室；及伸長側衰減元件，其是對從伸長側室朝向壓縮側室的液體之流動提供阻力；及壓縮側孔口，其是連通壓縮側室與儲存室；及伸長側止回閥(check valve)，其是容許從儲存室朝向壓縮側室的液體之流動；以及壓縮側止回閥，其是容許從儲存室或壓縮側室朝向伸長側室的液體之流動。The front fork for solving the above-mentioned problem is provided with: a piston part, which is an inner tube provided on the vehicle body side, and divides the outer tube on the wheel side and the pressure cylinder already provided on the inner side thereof into an extension side chamber and a lower chamber; And the cover, which is fixed to the upper end of the pressure cylinder, and separates the inner chamber of the pressure cylinder and the storage chamber that form the compression side chamber together with the lower chamber; and the extension side attenuation element, which is the liquid from the extension side chamber toward the compression side chamber Flow provides resistance; and the compression side orifice, which connects the compression side chamber and the storage chamber; and the extension side check valve, which allows the flow of liquid from the storage chamber toward the compression side chamber; and the compression side check valve It is to allow the flow of liquid from the storage chamber or the compression side chamber toward the extension side chamber.

以下一邊參照圖式一邊說明本發明之實施形態的前叉。通過幾個圖式所附的相同之符號，係顯示相同之零件或對應之零件。又，只要沒有特別的說明，將前叉已安裝於車輛的狀態之上下，簡稱為「上」「下」。The front fork according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Through the same symbols attached to several drawings, the same parts or corresponding parts are displayed. In addition, as long as there is no special explanation, the front fork has been mounted on the vehicle above and below, referred to as "upper" and "lower".

如圖1所示，本發明之一實施形態的前叉F，係指在鞍座式車輛V中懸架前輪W的懸架裝置。所謂鞍座式車輛，係指以如跨於鞍上的姿勢乘車之型式的車輛全體，且包含有機車(motorcycle)、小型機車(scooter)、自行車等。本發明的前叉，也可搭載於任何的鞍座式車輛。As shown in FIG. 1, a front fork F according to an embodiment of the present invention refers to a suspension device that suspends a front wheel W in a saddle-type vehicle V. The so-called saddle-type vehicle refers to the entire type of vehicle that rides on a saddle, and includes a motorcycle, a scooter, a bicycle, and the like. The front fork of the present invention can also be mounted on any saddle-type vehicle.

接著，針對本發明之一實施形態的前叉F之具體的結構加以說明。前叉F，係具備：具有外管1及內管2所構成的伸縮式之管構件T。更且，前叉F為直立式，且內管2能從外管1之上側開口滑動自如地***。Next, a specific structure of the front fork F according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The front fork F includes a telescopic tube member T including an outer tube 1 and an inner tube 2. Furthermore, the front fork F is an upright type, and the inner tube 2 can be slidably inserted from the upper opening of the outer tube 1.

然後，在外管1，係一體地設置有車輪側托架(bracket)BW，外管1係透過該車輪側托架BW來連結於前輪W之車軸。另一方面，內管2，係透過連結於其上端部的車體側托架BB來連結於車體B。Then, the outer tube 1 is integrally provided with a wheel-side bracket BW, and the outer tube 1 is connected to the axle of the front wheel W through the wheel-side bracket BW. On the other hand, the inner tube 2 is connected to the vehicle body B via the vehicle body-side bracket BB connected to the upper end thereof.

如此，前叉F，係將外管1朝向前輪(車輪)W側配置，將內管2朝向車體B側配置，且中介安裝於車體B與前輪W之車軸之間。然後，當鞍座式車輛V因行走於有凹凸之路面等而使前輪W上下震動時，內管2就會出入於外管1而使前叉F伸縮。In this way, in the front fork F, the outer tube 1 is disposed toward the front wheel (wheel) W side, and the inner tube 2 is disposed toward the vehicle body B side, and the intermediary is installed between the vehicle body B and the axle of the front wheel W. Then, when the saddle-type vehicle V walks up and down on the uneven road surface and causes the front wheel W to vibrate up and down, the inner tube 2 enters and exits the outer tube 1 to expand and contract the front fork F.

接著，內管2之上端開口，係由帽蓋(cap)(未圖示)所堵塞。另一方面，如圖2所示，外管1為有底筒狀，且外管1之下側開口係由其底部1a所堵塞。更且，外管1與內管2的重疊部之間，係藉由油封(oil seal)10和防塵密封(dust seal)11所堵塞。如此，管構件T內係形成為密閉空間，且在該管構件T內封入有液體和氣體。Next, the upper end of the inner tube 2 is opened and blocked by a cap (not shown). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the outer tube 1 has a cylindrical shape with a bottom, and the lower opening of the outer tube 1 is blocked by the bottom 1 a thereof. Furthermore, the overlap between the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 is blocked by an oil seal 10 and a dust seal 11. In this way, the tube member T is formed as a closed space, and the tube member T is sealed with liquid and gas.

又，在外管1之底部1a，係以螺栓30連結有壓力缸3。該壓力缸3，係包含：筒狀部3a；以及從該筒狀部3a之前端朝向徑向外側突出的環狀之閥箱(valve case)部3b。然後，筒狀部3a是以沿著軸向之方式豎起於外管1之中心部，該閥箱部3b則是朝向軸向移動自如地***於內管2之內側。更且，在該閥箱部3b之上端，係積層有堵塞壓力缸3之上端的蓋4。In addition, a pressure cylinder 3 is connected to the bottom portion 1a of the outer tube 1 with bolts 30. The pressure cylinder 3 includes a cylindrical portion 3a and an annular valve case portion 3b protruding radially outward from the front end of the cylindrical portion 3a. Then, the cylindrical portion 3a is erected at the center of the outer tube 1 along the axial direction, and the valve box portion 3b is inserted into the inner tube 2 movably in the axial direction. Furthermore, a cover 4 that blocks the upper end of the pressure cylinder 3 is stacked on the upper end of the valve box portion 3b.

藉此，在管構件T內，係於內管2之內周側且閥箱部3b及蓋4之上側形成有儲存室R，於壓力缸3之內周側且蓋4之下側形成有壓力缸內室I，且於壓力缸3與外管1之間形成有筒狀之間隙(未圖示)。然後，在該筒狀之間隙與壓力缸內室I，係分別充填有作動油等的液體。另一方面，在儲存室R，係貯存有與上述液體相同的液體，並且於其液面上方封入有空氣(air)等的氣體。Thereby, in the tube member T, a storage chamber R is formed on the inner peripheral side of the inner tube 2 and above the valve box portion 3b and the cover 4, and on the inner peripheral side of the pressure cylinder 3 and below the cover 4 Inside the cylinder I, a cylindrical gap (not shown) is formed between the cylinder 3 and the outer tube 1. Then, the cylindrical gap and the cylinder inner chamber I are filled with liquid such as hydraulic oil. On the other hand, in the storage chamber R, the same liquid as the above-mentioned liquid is stored, and a gas such as air is enclosed above the liquid surface.

又，外管1與壓力缸3之間的筒狀之間隙，係藉由已設置於內管2之下端部的活塞部20而劃分成上側之伸長側室L1、與下側之下室O。然後，該下室O，係藉由已形成於壓力缸3之下端部的連通孔3c來與壓力缸內室I連通，且與該壓力缸內室I一起構成壓縮側室L2。換言之，下室O與壓力缸內室I，係具有作為一系列之腔室(壓縮側室L2)的功能，液體可以通過壓力缸3之連通孔3c而自由地往來於下室O與壓力缸內室I之間。In addition, the cylindrical gap between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder 3 is divided into an upper extension side chamber L1 and a lower side lower chamber O by the piston portion 20 provided at the lower end of the inner tube 2. Then, the lower chamber O communicates with the cylinder internal chamber I through the communication hole 3c formed in the lower end of the cylinder 3, and together with the cylinder internal chamber I constitutes the compression side chamber L2. In other words, the lower chamber O and the inner chamber I of the pressure cylinder function as a series of chambers (compression side chamber L2), and the liquid can freely travel between the lower chamber O and the pressure cylinder through the communication hole 3c of the pressure cylinder 3 Between room I.

又，在壓力缸3中的筒狀部3a之上部，係形成有伸長側孔口3d，可透過該伸長側孔口3d來連通伸長側室L1與壓力缸內室I。然後，在前叉F伸長時，液體會通過伸長側孔口3d並從伸長室L1流動至壓力缸內室I，且對該流動賦予阻力。Furthermore, an extension side orifice 3d is formed above the cylindrical portion 3a of the pressure cylinder 3, and the extension side chamber L1 and the pressure cylinder inner chamber I can be communicated through the extension side orifice 3d. Then, when the front fork F is extended, the liquid passes through the extension-side orifice 3d and flows from the extension chamber L1 to the cylinder inner chamber I, and imparts resistance to the flow.

接著，如圖3所示，在活塞部20之內周，係形成有環狀之閥收容間隙20a。在該閥收容間隙20a，係可供與壓力缸3之筒狀部3a外周滑接的環狀之閥5能夠朝向軸向移動地***。又，在活塞部20中與閥5之下端對向的部分是成為閥座表面(seat surface)20b，閥5是離座及就座於該閥座表面20b。Next, as shown in FIG. 3, an annular valve accommodation gap 20 a is formed on the inner periphery of the piston portion 20. In the valve accommodating gap 20a, a ring-shaped valve 5 slidably connected to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 3a of the pressure cylinder 3 is inserted so as to be movable in the axial direction. In addition, a portion of the piston portion 20 facing the lower end of the valve 5 is a seat surface 20b, and the valve 5 is off-seat and seated on the seat surface 20b.

然後，在前叉F收縮時，閥5會從閥座表面20b離開，且容許液體通過閥5之外周側並從下室O朝向伸長側室L1流動。反之，在前叉F伸長時，閥5會就座於閥座表面20b而液體變得無法通過閥5之外周側，而是通過閥5與壓力缸3之間的滑動間隙並從伸長側室L1朝向下室O移動。由於滑動間隙，係非常狹窄的間隙，所以會對從伸長側室L1朝向下室O的液體之流動賦予阻力。Then, when the front fork F contracts, the valve 5 will be separated from the valve seat surface 20b, and the liquid is allowed to pass through the outer peripheral side of the valve 5 and flow from the lower chamber O toward the extension side chamber L1. Conversely, when the front fork F is extended, the valve 5 will be seated on the valve seat surface 20b and the liquid becomes unable to pass through the outer peripheral side of the valve 5, but through the sliding gap between the valve 5 and the pressure cylinder 3 and from the extended side chamber L1 Move towards the lower chamber O. Since the sliding gap is a very narrow gap, it provides resistance to the flow of liquid from the extension side chamber L1 toward the lower chamber O.

如前述，下室O與壓力缸內室I是連通著，且此等成為壓縮側室L2之一部分。換句話說，伸長側孔口3d與閥5，係同時具有作為在前叉F伸長時對從伸長側室L1朝向壓縮側室L2的液體之流動賦予阻力的伸長側衰減元件的功能。更且，閥5，也具有作為在前叉F收縮時打開並容許從壓縮側室L2朝向伸長側室L1的液體之流動的壓縮側止回閥的功能。As described above, the lower chamber O and the cylinder internal chamber I are in communication, and these become a part of the compression-side chamber L2. In other words, the extension-side orifice 3d and the valve 5 simultaneously function as an extension-side damping element that imparts resistance to the flow of liquid from the extension-side chamber L1 toward the compression-side chamber L2 when the front fork F is extended. Furthermore, the valve 5 also has a function as a compression-side check valve that opens when the front fork F contracts and allows the flow of liquid from the compression-side chamber L2 toward the extension-side chamber L1.

又，在活塞部20之上側，係積層有拉伸彈簧(extension spring)21。然後，該拉伸彈簧21，係在前叉F伸最長時會在活塞部20與閥箱部3b之間被壓縮，來緩和伸最長時的衝擊。再者，雖然圖2所示的拉伸彈簧21，為螺旋彈簧，但是也可為螺旋彈簧以外的彈簧。又，取代拉伸彈簧21，也可設置墊層橡膠(cushion rubber)等，且以該墊層橡膠來緩和前叉F伸最長時的衝擊。On the upper side of the piston portion 20, an extension spring 21 is stacked. Then, the tension spring 21 is compressed between the piston portion 20 and the valve box portion 3b when the front fork F is extended the longest, so as to mitigate the impact of the longest extension. In addition, although the tension spring 21 shown in FIG. 2 is a coil spring, it may be a spring other than the coil spring. In addition, instead of the tension spring 21, cushion rubber or the like may be provided, and the cushion rubber may be used to relax the impact when the front fork F is extended the longest.

接著，在已形成於壓力缸3之上端部的閥箱部3b之外周，係形成有環狀之閥收容槽3e。然後，在該閥收容槽3e之內側，係可供與內管2之內周滑接的環狀之壓縮側止回閥6能夠朝向軸向移動地***。又，閥收容槽3e之壁面當中之與壓縮側止回閥6之上端對向的部分是成為閥座表面3f，且壓縮側止回閥6是離座及就座於該閥座表面3f。Next, an annular valve accommodating groove 3e is formed on the outer periphery of the valve box portion 3b that has been formed on the upper end portion of the pressure cylinder 3. Then, inside the valve accommodating groove 3e, an annular compression-side check valve 6 slidably connected to the inner circumference of the inner tube 2 is inserted so as to be movable in the axial direction. In addition, a portion of the wall surface of the valve accommodating groove 3e facing the upper end of the compression-side check valve 6 becomes a valve seat surface 3f, and the compression-side check valve 6 is off-seat and seated on the valve seat surface 3f.

然後，在前叉F收縮時，壓縮側止回閥6會從閥座表面3f離開，且容許液體通過壓縮側止回閥6之內周側並從儲存室R朝向伸長側室L1流動。反之，在前叉F伸長時，壓縮側止回閥6會就座於閥座表面3f，並切斷儲存室R與伸長側室L1之連通。Then, when the front fork F contracts, the compression-side check valve 6 will be separated from the valve seat surface 3f, and the liquid is allowed to flow through the inner peripheral side of the compression-side check valve 6 and from the storage chamber R toward the extension-side chamber L1. Conversely, when the front fork F is extended, the compression side check valve 6 will be seated on the valve seat surface 3f, and cut off the communication between the storage chamber R and the extension side chamber L1.

又，如圖3、圖4所示，積層於閥箱部3b之上側的蓋4，係包含：環狀之閥座部4a；及環狀之腳部4b，其是從該閥座部4a之下端外周部朝向下側突出；及環狀之凸臺(boss)部4c，其是從閥座部4a之上端內周部朝向上側突出；以及複數個分支部4d，其是從閥座部4a朝向上側突出並且從凸臺部4c朝向蓋4之外周側延伸成放射狀。圖3係顯示蓋4之圖4中X-X線剖面。As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cover 4 stacked on the upper side of the valve box portion 3b includes: a ring-shaped valve seat portion 4a; and a ring-shaped leg portion 4b, which is formed from the valve seat portion 4a The outer peripheral portion of the lower end protrudes toward the lower side; and an annular boss portion 4c, which protrudes upward from the inner peripheral portion of the upper end of the valve seat portion 4a; and a plurality of branch portions 4d, which protrude from the valve seat portion 4a protrudes toward the upper side and extends radially from the boss portion 4c toward the outer peripheral side of the cover 4. FIG. 3 shows the X-X line section of the cover 4 in FIG. 4.

如此，在延伸成放射狀的複數個分支部4d之外周，係嵌合有由螺旋彈簧所構成的懸架彈簧S。然後，以蓋4藉由該懸架彈簧S緊壓於閥箱部3b，且腳部4b之前端不離開閥箱部3b的方式來固定。In this way, a suspension spring S composed of a coil spring is fitted on the outer periphery of the plurality of branch portions 4d extending radially. Then, the cover 4 is fixed to the valve box portion 3b by the suspension spring S, and the front end of the leg portion 4b does not leave the valve box portion 3b.

因此，懸架彈簧S之下端，係可中介蓋4始終由壓力缸3所支撐。另一方面，懸架彈簧S之上端，係由堵塞內管2之上端的帽蓋(未圖示)所支撐。換句話說，本實施形態的懸架彈簧S，可謂是中介安裝於壓力缸3與內管2之間。Therefore, at the lower end of the suspension spring S, the intermediate cover 4 is always supported by the pressure cylinder 3. On the other hand, the upper end of the suspension spring S is supported by a cap (not shown) that blocks the upper end of the inner tube 2. In other words, the suspension spring S of this embodiment can be said to be interposed between the pressure cylinder 3 and the inner tube 2.

然後，當內管2侵入於外管1內而前叉F收縮時，懸架彈簧S之壓縮量就會變大，且抵抗該壓縮的懸架彈簧S之彈性力會變大。如此，懸架彈簧S，係發揮與該壓縮量相稱的彈性力，且使前叉F朝向伸長方向彈壓以彈性支撐車體B。Then, when the inner tube 2 intrudes into the outer tube 1 and the front fork F contracts, the amount of compression of the suspension spring S becomes larger, and the elastic force of the suspension spring S that resists the compression becomes larger. In this way, the suspension spring S exerts an elastic force commensurate with the amount of compression, and urges the front fork F toward the extension direction to elastically support the vehicle body B.

更且，在蓋4，係形成有埠口(port)4e，並且積層有離座及就座於閥座部4a之下側來開閉埠口4e的伸長側止回閥7，該埠口4e係分別開口於凸臺部4c之外周側並相鄰的分支部4d、4d與腳部4b之間，且連通儲存室R與壓力缸內室I。Moreover, in the cover 4, a port 4e is formed, and an extension side check valve 7 that is separated from the seat and seated under the valve seat portion 4a to open and close the port 4e is stacked, and the port 4e The branch portions 4d and 4d adjacent to the outer peripheral side of the boss portion 4c and adjacent to the leg portion 4b are respectively opened, and communicate the storage chamber R and the cylinder inner chamber I.

然後，在前叉F伸長時，伸長側止回閥7會從閥座部4a離開而打開埠口4e，且容許液體通過該埠口4e並從儲存室R朝向壓力缸內室I流動。反之，在前叉F收縮時，伸長側止回閥7會就座於閥座部4a並維持已閉塞埠口4e的狀態。Then, when the front fork F is extended, the extension-side check valve 7 is separated from the valve seat portion 4a to open the port 4e, and the liquid is allowed to pass through the port 4e and flow from the storage chamber R toward the cylinder inner chamber I. Conversely, when the front fork F contracts, the extension-side check valve 7 will be seated on the valve seat portion 4a and maintain the state of the closed port 4e.

又，在蓋4之腳部4b，係形成有將該腳部4b朝向徑向貫通的一個以上之孔，藉由該孔來形成壓縮側孔口4f。更且，蓋4之外徑，係比內管2之內徑更小，且在蓋4與內管2之間形成有環狀之間隙。Moreover, the leg part 4b of the cover 4 is formed with one or more holes penetrating the leg part 4b in the radial direction, and the compression-side opening 4f is formed by the hole. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the cover 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner tube 2, and an annular gap is formed between the cover 4 and the inner tube 2.

因此，若壓縮側孔口4f之開口由內管2所堵塞，則儲存室R與壓力缸內室I能透過壓縮側孔口4f所連通。然後，在前叉F收縮時，液體會通過壓縮側孔口4f並從壓力缸內室I朝向儲存室R流動，且對該流動賦予阻力。Therefore, if the opening of the compression-side orifice 4f is blocked by the inner tube 2, the storage chamber R and the cylinder inner chamber I can communicate through the compression-side orifice 4f. Then, when the front fork F contracts, the liquid passes through the compression-side orifice 4f and flows from the cylinder inner chamber I toward the storage chamber R, and gives resistance to the flow.

以下，針對本發明之一實施形態的前叉F之作動加以說明。The operation of the front fork F according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

在內管2從外管1退出的前叉F伸長時，內管2會從外管1與壓力缸3之間的筒狀之間隙退出，活塞部20會朝向上方移動至該間隙內來縮小伸長側室L1，並且擴大下室O。When the front fork F that the inner tube 2 exits from the outer tube 1 is extended, the inner tube 2 will exit from the cylindrical gap between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder 3, and the piston portion 20 will move upward into the gap to shrink The side chamber L1 is extended, and the lower chamber O is enlarged.

然後，在該前叉F伸長時，被縮小的伸長側室L1之液體會通過伸長側孔口3d並朝向壓力缸內室I移動，並且通過閥5與壓力缸3之間的滑動間隙並朝向擴大的下室O移動。此時，在該下室O，係透過連通孔3c而流入有壓力缸內室I的液體，並且伸長側止回閥7會打開並從儲存室R朝向壓力缸內室I供給有液體。Then, when the front fork F is extended, the liquid of the contracted extension side chamber L1 will move through the extension side orifice 3d and move toward the cylinder inner chamber I, and pass the sliding gap between the valve 5 and the pressure cylinder 3 and expand toward The lower chamber O moves. At this time, in the lower chamber O, the liquid flowing into the cylinder internal chamber I flows through the communication hole 3c, and the expansion-side check valve 7 opens to supply the liquid from the storage chamber R toward the cylinder internal chamber I.

在如此的前叉F之伸長行程中，係對從伸長室L1朝向壓力缸內室I及下室O(壓縮側室L2)的液體之流動，藉由伸長側孔口3d及閥5來賦予阻力。因此，在前叉F伸長時，伸長側室L1之壓力會上升，且產生妨礙前叉F之伸長作動的伸長側之衰減力。In such an extension stroke of the front fork F, the flow of the liquid from the extension chamber L1 toward the cylinder inner chamber I and the lower chamber O (compression side chamber L2) is imparted with resistance by the extension side orifice 3d and the valve 5 . Therefore, when the front fork F is extended, the pressure of the extension side chamber L1 rises, and a damping force on the extension side that hinders the extension operation of the front fork F is generated.

反之，在內管2侵入於外管1內的前叉F收縮時，內管2會侵入於外管1與壓力缸3之間的筒狀之間隙內，活塞部20會朝向下方移動至該間隙內並縮小下室O，並且擴大伸長側室L1。Conversely, when the front fork F that the inner tube 2 invades into the outer tube 1 contracts, the inner tube 2 will invade into the cylindrical gap between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder 3, and the piston portion 20 will move downward to this The lower chamber O is reduced within the gap, and the elongated side chamber L1 is enlarged.

然後，在該前叉F收縮時，閥5與壓縮側止回閥6會打開，被縮小的下室O之液體與儲存室R之液體會朝向擴大的伸長側室L1移動。更且，在前叉F收縮時外管1與壓力缸3之間的筒狀之間隙，至少已侵入的內管2之體積當量的液體會成為多餘，而該多餘量的液體會通過連通孔3c並從下室O朝向壓力缸內室I移動，並且通過壓縮側孔口4f並從壓力缸內室I朝向儲存室R排出。Then, when the front fork F contracts, the valve 5 and the compression-side check valve 6 will open, and the liquid in the lower chamber O and the liquid in the storage chamber R will move toward the enlarged extension-side chamber L1. Moreover, when the front fork F contracts, the cylindrical gap between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder 3, at least the volume equivalent liquid of the intruded inner tube 2 becomes redundant, and the excess liquid will pass through the communication hole 3c and moves from the lower chamber O toward the cylinder inner chamber I, and discharges from the cylinder inner chamber I toward the storage chamber R through the compression side orifice 4f.

在如此的前叉F之收縮行程中，係對從壓力缸內室I(壓縮側室L2)朝向儲存室R的液體之流動，藉由壓縮側孔口4f來賦予阻力。因此，在前叉F收縮時，壓縮側室L2之壓力會上升，且會產生妨礙前叉F之收縮作動的壓縮側之衰減力。In such a contraction stroke of the front fork F, the flow of the liquid from the cylinder inner chamber I (compression side chamber L2) toward the storage chamber R is imparted with resistance by the compression side orifice 4f. Therefore, when the front fork F contracts, the pressure of the compression side chamber L2 rises, and a damping force on the compression side that hinders the contraction of the front fork F is generated.

又，在本實施形態中，壓力缸3之內側的壓力缸內室I是成為壓縮側室L2之一部分，且在前叉F之收縮行程中壓力缸內室I之壓力會上升。因此，在收縮行程中擴大的伸長側室L1，也會通過伸長側孔口3d從壓力缸內室I供給有液體。因而，在接續的伸長行程中伸長側室L1之壓力容易變高，且提高伸長側之衰減力的產生反應性。In the present embodiment, the cylinder inner chamber I inside the cylinder 3 is a part of the compression-side chamber L2, and the pressure in the cylinder inner chamber I rises during the contraction stroke of the front fork F. Therefore, the expansion-side chamber L1 expanded during the contraction stroke is also supplied with liquid from the cylinder inner chamber I through the expansion-side orifice 3d. Therefore, the pressure of the expansion-side chamber L1 tends to increase during the subsequent expansion stroke, and the reactivity of the damping force on the expansion side is increased.

更且，在本實施形態中，壓縮側孔口4f是以沿著蓋4之徑向的方式形成於水平方向，且壓縮側孔口4f之開口是與內管2之內周面對向。因此，從壓力缸內室I朝向儲存室R的液體不會朝向儲存室R之液面噴出。因而，儲存室R之液體不易起泡。Furthermore, in this embodiment, the compression-side orifice 4f is formed in the horizontal direction along the radial direction of the cover 4, and the opening of the compression-side orifice 4f faces the inner circumference of the inner tube 2. Therefore, the liquid from the cylinder internal chamber I toward the storage chamber R is not discharged toward the liquid surface of the storage chamber R. Therefore, the liquid in the storage chamber R is less likely to foam.

當儲存室R之液體起泡時，就會在前叉F之伸縮行程中從儲存室R朝向伸長側室L1或壓縮側室L2吸入有液體時，一起吸入儲存室R之氣泡與液體，且造成衰減力產生反應性之降低的原因。但是，如前述，只要抑制儲存室R的液體之起泡，就可以抑制因氣泡之混入所引起的衰減力產生反應性之降低。When the liquid in the storage chamber R foams, when the liquid is sucked from the storage chamber R toward the extension side chamber L1 or the compression side chamber L2 during the telescopic stroke of the front fork F, the bubbles and liquid in the storage chamber R are sucked together and cause attenuation The reason for the reduction in force. However, as described above, as long as the bubbling of the liquid in the storage chamber R is suppressed, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the reactivity of the damping force caused by the mixing of bubbles.

以下，針對本發明之一實施形態的前叉F之作用功效加以說明。Hereinafter, the function and effect of the front fork F according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

本實施形態的前叉F，係具備：前輪(車輪)W側之外管1；及車體B側之內管2，其是滑動自如地***於該外管1內；及壓力缸3，其是設置於外管1內，且上端能夠移動地***於內管2內；以及活塞部20，其是設置於內管2，並將外管1與壓力缸3之間劃分成伸長側室L1與下室O。The front fork F of this embodiment includes: an outer tube 1 on the front wheel (wheel) W side; and an inner tube 2 on the vehicle body B side, which is slidably inserted into the outer tube 1; and a pressure cylinder 3, It is provided in the outer tube 1 and the upper end is movably inserted in the inner tube 2; and the piston portion 20 is provided in the inner tube 2 and divides the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder 3 into an extension side chamber L1 With the lower chamber O.

又，本實施形態的前叉F，係具備固定於壓力缸3之上端的蓋4，該蓋4係隔開壓力缸3之上側的儲存室R、和壓力缸3之內側的壓力缸內室I。然後，該壓力缸內室I，係與壓力缸3之外周側的上述下室O一起構成壓縮側室L2。In addition, the front fork F of the present embodiment includes a cover 4 fixed to the upper end of the pressure cylinder 3, and the cover 4 separates the storage chamber R above the pressure cylinder 3 and the cylinder inner chamber inside the pressure cylinder 3 I. Then, the cylinder inner chamber I constitutes the compression side chamber L2 together with the lower chamber O on the outer peripheral side of the pressure cylinder 3.

更且，本實施形態的前叉F，係具備：伸長側孔口(伸長側衰減元件)3d及閥(伸長側衰減元件)5，其是對從伸長側室L1朝向壓縮側室L2的液體之流動提供阻力；及壓縮側孔口4f，其是對從壓縮側室L2朝向儲存室R的液體之流動提供阻力；及伸長側止回閥7，其是容許從儲存室R朝向壓縮側室L2的液體之流動；以及閥(壓縮側止回閥)5及壓縮側止回閥6，其是容許從儲存室R或壓縮側室L2朝向伸長側室L1的液體之流動。Furthermore, the front fork F of this embodiment includes an extension-side orifice (elongation-side damping element) 3d and a valve (elongation-side damping element) 5, which is a flow of liquid from the extension-side chamber L1 toward the compression-side chamber L2 Provide resistance; and the compression side orifice 4f, which provides resistance to the flow of liquid from the compression side chamber L2 toward the storage chamber R; and the extension side check valve 7, which allows liquid from the storage chamber R toward the compression side chamber L2 Flow; and a valve (compression-side check valve) 5 and a compression-side check valve 6, which allow the flow of liquid from the storage chamber R or the compression-side chamber L2 toward the extension-side chamber L1.

依據上述構成，為了調節壓縮側之衰減力而即便縮小了壓縮側孔口4f，仍會在前叉F之伸長行程中通過伸長側止回閥7並從儲存室R朝向壓縮側室L2供給有液體。因此，即便縮小壓縮側孔口4f仍不會在伸長行程中使壓縮側L2成為負壓，且在接續的壓縮行程中能迅速地提升壓縮側之衰減力。According to the above configuration, even if the compression-side orifice 4f is reduced in order to adjust the damping force on the compression side, liquid is still supplied from the storage chamber R toward the compression-side chamber L2 through the expansion-side check valve 7 during the extension stroke of the front fork F . Therefore, even if the compression side orifice 4f is reduced, the compression side L2 will not be negatively pressured during the expansion stroke, and the attenuation force on the compression side can be quickly increased during the subsequent compression stroke.

換句話說，依據上述構成，不藉由壓縮側孔口4f之設定，即便是在剛從伸長行程切換至壓縮行程之後仍可以產生穩定的衰減力。因此，在本實施形態的前叉F中，係可以自由地設定壓縮側孔口4f，並且可以產生穩定的衰減力。In other words, according to the above configuration, without setting the compression side orifice 4f, a stable damping force can be generated even after switching from the extension stroke to the compression stroke. Therefore, in the front fork F of this embodiment, the compression side orifice 4f can be set freely, and stable damping force can be generated.

又，例如，在利用開閉式之閥來產生壓縮側之衰減力的情況，並在將該閥以懸架彈簧朝向閉合方向彈壓的情況，依前叉之行程位置(活塞部之位置)而產生的壓縮側之衰減力會變化。更且，壓縮側之衰減力特性也會依懸架彈簧之規格而變化。又，在該閥之閥座表面較大的情況下，係恐有以閥之開閥為交界使壓側室之壓力急劇地降低並使衰減力驟變之虞。Also, for example, when a damping force on the compression side is generated using an open-close type valve, and the valve is urged toward the closing direction by a suspension spring, it is generated according to the stroke position of the front fork (the position of the piston portion) The damping force on the compression side will change. Moreover, the damping force characteristics on the compression side will also vary according to the specifications of the suspension spring. In addition, in the case where the valve seat surface of the valve is large, there is a fear that the pressure of the pressure side chamber may be abruptly lowered with the opening of the valve as the boundary, and the damping force may suddenly change.

相對於此，依據上述構成，由於可以利用壓縮側孔口4f來產生壓縮側之衰減力，所以可以在前叉F之全行程區域產生穩定的衰減力。更且，為了調整壓縮側之衰減力而只要變更壓縮側孔口4f之流路面積即可，由於可以容易進行該變更，所以依據上述構成也可以容易進行壓縮側之衰減力的調整。On the other hand, according to the above configuration, since the compression-side orifice 4f can generate the compression-side damping force, a stable damping force can be generated in the entire stroke area of the front fork F. Furthermore, in order to adjust the damping force on the compression side, it is only necessary to change the flow path area of the compression side orifice 4f. Since this change can be easily performed, the damping force on the compression side can also be easily adjusted according to the above configuration.

再者，本實施形態的前叉F，係具備已形成於壓力缸3的伸長側孔口3d、和已安裝於活塞部20的閥5，來作為對從伸長側室L1朝向其外部的液體之流動提供阻力的伸長側衰減元件。但是，也可省略伸長側孔口3d與閥5之一方，且也可以適當變更伸長側衰減元件之構成。Furthermore, the front fork F of the present embodiment includes an extension-side orifice 3d formed in the pressure cylinder 3 and a valve 5 attached to the piston portion 20 as a pair of liquid from the extension-side chamber L1 toward the outside The flow provides resistance to the elongated side attenuation element. However, one of the extension-side orifice 3d and the valve 5 may be omitted, and the configuration of the extension-side attenuation element may be appropriately changed.

更且，在本實施形態中，係具備已安裝於壓力缸3之閥箱部3b的壓縮側止回閥6、和已安裝於活塞部20的閥5，來作為用以朝向伸長側室L1吸入液體的壓縮側止回閥。但是，也可省略壓縮側止回閥6與閥5之一方，且也可以適當變更壓縮側止回閥之構成。Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the compression-side check valve 6 mounted on the valve box portion 3b of the pressure cylinder 3 and the valve 5 mounted on the piston portion 20 are used as a suction port toward the expansion-side chamber L1 Check valve for the compression side of the liquid. However, one of the compression-side check valve 6 and the valve 5 may be omitted, and the configuration of the compression-side check valve may be appropriately changed.

又，在本實施形態中，壓縮側孔口4f是朝向內管2之內周面開口。因此，在前叉F之收縮行程中從壓力缸內室I朝向儲存室R的液體不會朝向儲存室R之液面噴出，且可以抑制儲存室R的液體之起泡。因而，可以抑制氣泡混入於伸長側室L1及壓縮側室L2，且可以抑制因氣泡之混入所引起的衰減力產生反應性之降低。In this embodiment, the compression-side orifice 4f opens toward the inner circumferential surface of the inner tube 2. Therefore, during the contraction stroke of the front fork F, the liquid from the cylinder inner chamber I toward the storage chamber R is not ejected toward the liquid surface of the storage chamber R, and bubbling of the liquid in the storage chamber R can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the mixing of air bubbles in the expansion-side chamber L1 and the compression-side chamber L2, and it is possible to suppress the decrease in the reactivity of the damping force caused by the mixing of the air bubbles.

但是，壓縮側孔口4f之開口的方向，並非限於上述，而可以做適當變更。又，在本實施形態中，雖然壓縮側孔口4f是藉由已形成於蓋4的孔所形成，但是也可以適當變更該壓縮側孔口4f之構成及配置。例如，也可在成為蓋4與壓力缸4之對向部的腳部4b之下端、或在閥箱部3b之上端形成沿著徑向的缺口，且藉由該缺口來形成壓縮側孔口。However, the direction of the opening of the compression-side orifice 4f is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately changed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the compression-side orifice 4f is formed by a hole already formed in the cover 4, the configuration and arrangement of the compression-side orifice 4f may be changed as appropriate. For example, a notch in the radial direction may be formed at the lower end of the leg portion 4b that becomes the opposing portion of the cover 4 and the pressure cylinder 4, or at the upper end of the valve box portion 3b, and the compression side orifice may be formed by the notch .

然後，此種的變更，係不藉由伸長側衰減元件、及壓縮側止回閥之構成就能夠進行。Then, such a change can be made without the configuration of the expansion-side damping element and the compression-side check valve.

又，在本實施形態中，蓋4是積層於壓力缸3之上端，並且藉由彈性支撐車體B的懸架彈簧(螺旋彈簧)S緊壓並固定於壓力缸3。如此，在本實施形態中係個別地形成有蓋4和壓力缸3，並可以藉由懸架彈簧S之彈壓力將蓋4固定於壓力缸3。In this embodiment, the cover 4 is stacked on the upper end of the pressure cylinder 3, and is tightly pressed and fixed to the pressure cylinder 3 by a suspension spring (coil spring) S that elastically supports the vehicle body B. In this way, in the present embodiment, the cover 4 and the pressure cylinder 3 are separately formed, and the cover 4 can be fixed to the pressure cylinder 3 by the elastic force of the suspension spring S.

依據上述構成，可以在將壓力缸3以螺栓30固定於外管1之內側並將液體注入於壓力缸3內之後藉由懸架彈簧S之利用將蓋4固定於壓力缸3。因此，由於在前叉F之組裝製程中可以在不以蓋4來堵塞壓力缸3的狀態下注液，所以可以迅速地進行注液作業。According to the above configuration, after the pressure cylinder 3 is fixed to the inside of the outer tube 1 with the bolt 30 and the liquid is injected into the pressure cylinder 3, the cover 4 can be fixed to the pressure cylinder 3 by the use of the suspension spring S. Therefore, during the assembly process of the front fork F, it is possible to fill the liquid without blocking the pressure cylinder 3 with the cover 4, so that the filling operation can be performed quickly.

更且，在本實施形態中，懸架彈簧(螺旋彈簧)S是嵌合著蓋4。依據該構成，如前述，可以在將液體注入於壓力缸3內之後將蓋4以懸架彈簧S來固定於壓力缸3時，防止蓋4從壓力缸3偏移。因此，依據上述構成，可以容易進行前叉F之組裝作業。Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cover spring 4 is fitted with the suspension spring (coil spring) S. According to this configuration, as described above, after the liquid is injected into the pressure cylinder 3, when the cover 4 is fixed to the pressure cylinder 3 with the suspension spring S, the cover 4 can be prevented from deviating from the pressure cylinder 3. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the assembly work of the front fork F can be easily performed.

又，在本實施形態中，蓋4是包含：環狀之閥座部4a；及環狀之腳部4b，其是從該閥座部4a之下端外周部朝向下側突出；及環狀之凸臺部4c，其是從閥座部4a之上端內周部朝向上側突出；以及複數個分支部4d，其是從閥座部4a朝向上側突出並且從凸臺部4c朝向蓋4之外周側延伸成放射狀。Moreover, in this embodiment, the cover 4 includes: an annular valve seat portion 4a; and an annular leg portion 4b, which protrudes downward from the outer peripheral portion of the lower end of the valve seat portion 4a; and an annular Boss portion 4c, which protrudes upward from the inner peripheral portion of the upper end of valve seat portion 4a; and a plurality of branch portions 4d, which protrudes upward from valve seat portion 4a and from boss portion 4c toward the outer peripheral side of cover 4 Extends radially.

更且，在蓋4，係形成有：埠口4e，其是分別開口於凸臺部4c之外周側並相鄰的分支部4d、4d之間、和腳部4b之內側，且連通儲存室R與壓力缸內室I。然後，伸長側止回閥7是離座及就座於閥座部4a之下側來開閉埠口4e，且懸架彈簧(螺旋彈簧)S是以一體地包圍複數個分支部4d之外周的方式來嵌合。Furthermore, the cover 4 is formed with: a port 4e, which is respectively opened between the outer peripheral side of the boss portion 4c and between the adjacent branch portions 4d, 4d, and the inside of the leg portion 4b, and communicates with the storage chamber R and pressure chamber I. Then, the extension-side check valve 7 opens and closes the port 4e off the seat and sits under the valve seat portion 4a, and the suspension spring (coil spring) S is a way to integrally surround the outer periphery of the plurality of branch portions 4d Come mosaic.

依據上述構成，由於埠口4e是開口於懸架彈簧(螺旋彈簧)S之內周側，所以即便懸架彈簧(螺旋彈簧)S嵌合著蓋4，仍可以防止埠口4e因懸架彈簧S而被堵塞。更且，由於可以將埠口4e配置於蓋4之外周側，所以容易增大埠口4e之流路面積，且可以確實地防止在前叉F之伸長行程中造成壓縮側室L2吸入不足。According to the above configuration, since the port 4e is opened on the inner peripheral side of the suspension spring (coil spring) S, even if the suspension spring (coil spring) S is fitted with the cover 4, the port 4e can be prevented from being caught by the suspension spring S Clogged. Furthermore, since the port 4e can be arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cover 4, it is easy to increase the flow path area of the port 4e, and it is possible to reliably prevent insufficient suction of the compression side chamber L2 during the extension stroke of the front fork F.

但是，蓋4之構成係不限於上述，可以做適當變更。例如，在本實施形態中雖然分支部4d與埠口4e是分別形成有四個，但是分支部4d與埠口4e之數目係可以自由地變更。更且，所謂蓋4固定著壓力缸3的狀態，係指前叉F伸縮作動時蓋4不會從壓力缸3離開的狀態，而用以成為如此之狀態的結構也可以適當變更。However, the configuration of the cover 4 is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately changed. For example, in this embodiment, although the branch portion 4d and the port 4e are respectively formed in four, the number of the branch portion 4d and the port 4e can be freely changed. Furthermore, the state in which the pressure cylinder 3 is fixed to the cover 4 refers to a state in which the cover 4 does not separate from the pressure cylinder 3 when the front fork F is telescopically actuated, and the structure to be in such a state may be appropriately changed.

具體而言，如圖5所示，也可將蓋4螺合固定於壓力缸3。然後，在如此不利用懸架彈簧S之彈壓力地將蓋4固定於壓力缸3的情況下，係可以變更懸架彈簧S之構成及配置。例如，也可使懸架彈簧S形成為空氣彈簧(air spring)等之螺旋彈簧以外的彈簧。又，也可將懸架彈簧S中介安裝於內管2之下端與外管1之底部1a之間。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the cover 4 may be screwed and fixed to the pressure cylinder 3. Then, when the cover 4 is fixed to the pressure cylinder 3 without using the elastic pressure of the suspension spring S, the configuration and arrangement of the suspension spring S can be changed. For example, the suspension spring S may be formed as a spring other than a coil spring such as an air spring. Furthermore, the suspension spring S may be interposed between the lower end of the inner tube 2 and the bottom 1a of the outer tube 1.

然後，此等的變更，係不藉由伸縮側衰減元件、壓縮側止回閥及壓縮側孔口之構成就能夠進行。Then, these changes can be made without the configuration of the telescopic side damping element, the compression side check valve, and the compression side orifice.

以上，雖然已詳細說明本發明之較佳實施形態，但是只要未脫離申請專利範圍，仍能夠進行改造、變化及變更。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, they can be modified, changed, and changed as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the patent application.

本案係基於2018年6月29日向日本國特許廳所提出申請的特願2018-123915而主張優先權，該申請案的全部內容係藉由參照而編入本說明書中。This case claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-123915 filed with the Japan Patent Office on June 29, 2018. The entire contents of this application are incorporated into this specification by reference.

1:外管 1a:底部 2:內管 3:壓力缸 3a:筒狀部 3b:閥箱部 3c:連通孔 3d:伸長側孔口 3e:閥收容槽 3f:閥座表面 4:蓋 4a:閥座部 4b:腳部 4c:凸臺部 4d:分支部 4e:埠口 4f:壓縮側孔口 5:閥 6:壓縮側止回閥 7:伸長側止回閥 10:油封 11:防塵密封 20:活塞部 20a:閥收容間隙 20b:閥座表面 21:拉伸彈簧 30:螺栓 B:車體 BB:車體側托架 BW:車輪側托架 F:前叉 I:壓力缸內室 L1:伸長側室 L2:壓縮側室 O:下室 R:儲存室 S:懸架彈簧 T:管構件 V:鞍座式車輛 W:前輪(車輪)1: outer tube 1a: bottom 2: inner tube 3: pressure cylinder 3a: cylindrical part 3b: Valve box 3c: connecting hole 3d: elongated side orifice 3e: valve housing 3f: Valve seat surface 4: cover 4a: Valve seat 4b: foot 4c: boss section 4d: branch 4e: Port 4f: Compression side orifice 5: Valve 6: Compression side check valve 7: Extension side check valve 10: Oil seal 11: Dust seal 20: Piston 20a: Valve accommodation gap 20b: Valve seat surface 21: Tension spring 30: Bolt B: Car body BB: Car body side bracket BW: Wheel side bracket F: front fork I: chamber inside the pressure cylinder L1: Extended side chamber L2: Compression side chamber O: Lower room R: storage room S: suspension spring T: pipe member V: Saddle type vehicle W: Front wheel (wheel)

圖1係簡化顯示本發明之一實施形態的前叉之安裝狀態的側視圖。圖2係本發明之一實施形態的前叉之縱剖視圖。圖3係放大顯示圖2之一部分的縱剖視圖。圖4係放大顯示本發明之一實施形態的前叉之蓋的俯視圖。圖5係顯示本發明之一實施形態的前叉之變化例，且放大顯示該變更部的縱剖視圖。FIG. 1 is a simplified side view showing the installation state of a front fork according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a front fork according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a part of FIG. 2. Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a cover of a front fork according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an enlarged example of a modification of the front fork according to an embodiment of the present invention, and showing the enlarged portion.

1:外管 1: outer tube

1a:底部 1a: bottom

2:內管 2: inner tube

3:壓力缸 3: pressure cylinder

3a:筒狀部 3a: cylindrical part

3b:閥箱部 3b: Valve box

3c:連通孔 3c: connecting hole

3d:伸長側孔口 3d: elongated side orifice

4:蓋 4: cover

4e:埠口 4e: Port

4f:壓縮側孔口 4f: Compression side orifice

5:閥 5: Valve

6:壓縮側止回閥 6: Compression side check valve

7:伸長側止回閥 7: Extension side check valve

10:油封 10: Oil seal

11:防塵密封 11: Dust seal

20:活塞部 20: Piston

21:拉伸彈簧 21: Tension spring

30:螺栓 30: Bolt

F:前叉 F: front fork

I:壓力缸內室 I: chamber inside the pressure cylinder

L1:伸長側室 L1: Extended side chamber

L2:壓縮側室 L2: Compression side chamber

O:下室 O: Lower room

R:儲存室 R: storage room

S:懸架彈簧 S: suspension spring

T:管構件 T: pipe member

Claims

一種前叉，其特徵為：具備：車輪側之外管；及車體側之內管，其是滑動自如地***於前述外管內；及壓力缸，其是設置於前述外管內，且上端能夠移動地***於前述內管內；及活塞部，其是設置於前述內管，並將前述外管與前述壓力缸之間劃分成伸長側室與下室；及蓋，其是固定於前述壓力缸之上端，並隔開形成於前述壓力缸之上側的儲存室、和形成於前述壓力缸之內側並與前述下室一起構成壓縮側室的壓力缸內室；及伸長側衰減元件，其是對從前述伸長側室朝向前述壓縮側室的液體之流動提供阻力；及壓縮側孔口，其是連通前述壓縮側室與前述儲存室；及伸長側止回閥，其是容許從前述儲存室朝向前述壓縮側室的液體之流動；以及壓縮側止回閥，其是容許從前述儲存室或前述壓縮側室朝向前述伸長側室的液體之流動。A front fork, characterized by: Outer tube on the wheel side; and The inner tube on the vehicle body side, which is slidably inserted into the aforementioned outer tube; and A pressure cylinder, which is provided in the outer tube and the upper end is movably inserted in the inner tube; and A piston part which is provided in the inner tube and divides the outer tube and the pressure cylinder into an extension side chamber and a lower chamber; and A cover, which is fixed to the upper end of the pressure cylinder and separates the storage chamber formed on the upper side of the pressure cylinder, and the inner chamber of the pressure cylinder formed inside the pressure cylinder and forming the compression side chamber together with the lower chamber; and An extension-side attenuation element, which provides resistance to the flow of liquid from the extension-side chamber toward the compression-side chamber; and A compression-side orifice that connects the compression-side chamber and the storage chamber; and An extension-side check valve that allows the flow of liquid from the storage chamber toward the compression-side chamber; and The compression-side check valve allows the flow of liquid from the storage chamber or the compression-side chamber toward the extension-side chamber.

如申請專利範圍第1項之前叉，其中，前述壓縮側孔口，係朝向前述內管之內周面開口。For example, the front fork of claim 1, wherein the compression-side orifice opens toward the inner peripheral surface of the inner tube.

如申請專利範圍第1項之前叉，其中，前述蓋，係積層於前述壓力缸之上端，並且藉由彈性支撐車體的螺旋彈簧緊壓並固定於前述壓力缸。Like the front fork of the first patent application, the cover is laminated on the upper end of the pressure cylinder, and is pressed and fixed to the pressure cylinder by a coil spring that elastically supports the vehicle body.

如申請專利範圍第3項之前叉，其中，前述螺旋彈簧，係嵌合於前述蓋。For example, the fork before the third patent application, wherein the coil spring is fitted to the cover.