TW202003871A - Solder for nickel-based super alloy soldering capable of preventing the soldering process from causing hot cracking of nickel-based super alloy base materials and excessively low soldering pass strength - Google Patents

Solder for nickel-based super alloy soldering capable of preventing the soldering process from causing hot cracking of nickel-based super alloy base materials and excessively low soldering pass strength Download PDF

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TW202003871A
TW202003871A TW107117643A TW107117643A TW202003871A TW 202003871 A TW202003871 A TW 202003871A TW 107117643 A TW107117643 A TW 107117643A TW 107117643 A TW107117643 A TW 107117643A TW 202003871 A TW202003871 A TW 202003871A
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nickel
solder
soldering
welding
based superalloy
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TWI683005B (en
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林昭宇
魏肇男
廖健鴻
薄慧雲
李勝隆
曾有志
鄭文興
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國家中山科學研究院
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Abstract

The present invention provides a solder for nickel-based super alloy soldering. The solder is composed of 11 to 13 wt% of chromium, 5.0 to 7.0 wt% of aluminum, 3.5 to 5.0 wt% of molybdenum, 1.5 to 2.5 wt% of niobium, 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of titanium, 0.03 to 0.07 wt% of carbon, 0.05 to 0.15 wt% of zirconium, 0.001 to 0.1 wt% of boron, and the balance of nickel and unavoidable impurities. With the present invention, it is able to prevent the soldering process from causing hot cracking of nickel-based super alloy base materials and excessively low soldering pass strength.

Description

鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料 Solder for nickel-based superalloy welding

本發明係關於一種鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，特別是一種關於鎳基超合金TIG銲接用之銲料。 The invention relates to a solder for nickel-based superalloy soldering, in particular to a solder for nickel-based superalloy TIG soldering.

習知銲料(英語：Solder)，通常為錫的合金，故又稱銲錫，為低熔點合金，在銲接的過程中被用來接合金屬零件，熔點需低於被銲物的熔點，一般所稱的銲料為軟銲料，熔點在攝氏90~450度之間，軟銲廣泛運用於連接電子零件與電路板、水管配線工程、鈑金銲接等，手銲則經常使用烙鐵，使用熔點高於攝氏450度的銲料之銲接則稱為硬銲(hard soldering)、銀銲(silver soldering)、或銅銲(copper brazing)。 Known solder (English: Solder), usually an alloy of tin, so it is also called solder, which is a low-melting alloy. It is used to join metal parts during the welding process. The melting point needs to be lower than the melting point of the solder. The solder is soft solder with a melting point between 90 and 450 degrees Celsius. Soft soldering is widely used to connect electronic parts with circuit boards, water pipe wiring works, sheet metal welding, etc. Hand soldering often uses a soldering iron, and the melting point is higher than 450 degrees Celsius. The soldering of the solder is called hard soldering, silver soldering, or copper brazing.

錫鉛銲料，別名軟銲料(soft solder)，市場上普遍可以購得(以重量計)鉛含量5%至70%的銲料，鉛含量越高，抗拉強度和抗剪強度有增加的趨勢；無鉛銲料成分包括：錫、銅、銀、鉍、銦、鋅、銻等，其液化溫度比含鉛銲料高5至20℃，不過也有液化溫度甚低的無鉛銲料。 Tin-lead solder, also known as soft solder (soft solder), is generally available on the market (by weight) solder with a lead content of 5% to 70%. The higher the lead content, the higher the tensile strength and shear strength; The components of lead-free solders include: tin, copper, silver, bismuth, indium, zinc, antimony, etc. The liquefaction temperature is 5 to 20℃ higher than that of leaded solders, but there are also lead-free solders with very low liquefaction temperatures.

硬銲料(hard solder)熔點高於攝氏450度，以銅 鋅及銅銀合金銲料最為常見，製作銀器及珠寶首飾，需使用經過檢驗的特殊硬銲料，這類銲料通常與被銲物金屬的成分比例相似，且不含鉛，有不同硬度、種類，通常以熔點分為"enameling"、"hard"、"medium"及"easy"(硬度及熔點依順序遞減)，Enameling銲料的熔點為四者之最，甚至接近被銲物自身熔點，以防其他加熱過程中銲料熔化，為了避免銲接之際，先前已經完成銲接的部分融化，加工過程中應依次分批使用熔點不同的銲料。 Hard solder has a melting point higher than 450 degrees Celsius. Copper-zinc and copper-silver alloy solders are the most common. The production of silverware and jewelry requires the use of special hard solders that have been tested. These solders usually have a composition with the metal to be soldered. Similar proportions, and lead-free, with different hardness and types, usually divided into "enameling", "hard", "medium" and "easy" by melting point (hardness and melting point decrease in order), the melting point of Enameling solder is four The most is even close to the melting point of the solder to prevent the melting of the solder during other heating processes. In order to avoid the melting of the part that has been previously soldered during soldering, solders with different melting points should be used in batches in the process.

習知鎢極氣體保護電弧銲(英語：Gas tungsten arc welding，簡稱GTAW銲)，或稱鎢極惰性氣體保護銲(英語：tungsten inert gas welding，簡稱TIG銲)，是一種以非熔化鎢電極進行銲接的電弧銲接法，進行TIG銲時，銲接區以遮護氣體阻絕大氣汙染(普遍使用氬等惰性氣體)，並通常搭配使用銲料(填充金屬)，但有些自熔銲縫可省略此步驟，銲接時，由傳導通過高度離子化的氣體(即電漿)和金屬蒸氣的電弧，作為恆流銲接電源，提供能量。 The conventional gas tungsten arc welding (English: Gas tungsten arc welding, GTAW welding for short), or tungsten inert gas welding (English: tungsten inert gas welding, TIG welding for short), is a kind of non-melting tungsten electrode. The arc welding method of welding, when performing TIG welding, the welding area is shielded by gas to block atmospheric pollution (general use of inert gases such as argon), and usually used with solder (filled metal), but some self-fusion welds can omit this step. During welding, the arc conducted through highly ionized gas (ie plasma) and metal vapor is used as a constant current welding power source to provide energy.

TIG銲常用於銲接不鏽鋼和鋁、鎂、銅合金等非鐵金屬的薄板。相較於手工電弧銲和氣體保護金屬極電弧銲，它更易於控制銲接處，提高銲接品質，然而，TIG銲較為複雜、難以精通，且銲接速度明顯比其他銲接法緩慢。 TIG welding is commonly used for welding stainless steel and non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and copper alloys. Compared with manual arc welding and gas shielded metal electrode arc welding, it is easier to control the welding place and improve the welding quality. However, TIG welding is more complicated and difficult to master, and the welding speed is obviously slower than other welding methods.

習知Inconel-713-LC(IN-713LC)鎳基超合金是鑄造鎳基高溫超合金，屬於析出硬化型鎳基超合金，具有良好 的高溫強度和抗腐蝕性能，是現階段製造軍用飛彈推進器、航太與車輛工業用之渦輪增壓器、渦輪葉片等重要耐高溫零組件的關鍵材料，但該鑄件形狀複雜且葉片厚薄差異大，使澆注補縮十分困難，因此在鑄造過程鑄件本身常出現孔洞、夾渣、縮孔及鑄造裂紋(hot cracking)等缺陷，造成產品合格率低及製造成本提高，因此產業界現行多以銲補之技術將有缺陷之渦輪葉片鑄件進行銲補修復，以有效提高產品之經濟性與合格率。 The conventional Inconel-713-LC (IN-713LC) nickel-based superalloy is a cast nickel-based high-temperature superalloy. It is a precipitation-hardening nickel-based superalloy. It has good high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance. It is the current stage for manufacturing military missiles. The key materials of high temperature resistant components such as turbochargers and turbine blades for aircraft, aerospace and vehicle industries, but the complex shape of the casting and the large thickness difference of the blades make it difficult to pour and shrink, so the casting itself is in the casting process Defects such as holes, slag inclusions, shrinkage holes, and hot cracking often occur, resulting in low product qualification rates and increased manufacturing costs. Therefore, the industry currently uses welding technology to repair defective turbine blade castings by welding repair , In order to effectively improve the economy and pass rate of products.

為了改善鎳基超合金銲接品質，許多學者紛紛投入此項研究：如美國專利案號US 20090285715A1所述，一種可增加鎳基超合金銲接性之添加劑，其化學組成：18.0%

Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-7
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-8
20.0%、9.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-48
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-47
11.0%、7.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-11
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-12
10.0%、2.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-13
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-14
2.5%、1.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-15
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-16
1.7%、0.04%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-17
C
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-18
0.08%；如美國專利案號US 20110274579A1所述，一種可增加鎳基超合金銲接性之添加劑，其化學組成：10.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-19
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-20
20.0%、5.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-21
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-22
15.0%、0.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-23
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-24
10.0%、0.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-25
Ta
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-26
3.5%、0.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-27
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-28
5.0%、1.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-29
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-30
5.0%、0.3%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-31
B
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-32
0.6%；如美國專利案號US 20070090167A1所述，一種銲接性良好之鎳基超合金銲料，其化學組成：17.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-33
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-34
20.0%、10.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-35
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-36
12.0%、9.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-37
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-38
10.5%、0.1%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-39
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-40
3.3%、1.4%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-41
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-42
1.8%、0.04%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-43
C
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-44
0.12%、0.003%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-45
B
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-46
0.01%；如中華民國專利案號TW I562848 B所述，耐蝕性優異之鎳銲材能以相對較低之 溫度將各種不銹鋼構件銲接接合，其銲料化學組成：15.0質量%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-49
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-50
30.0質量%、6.0質量%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-51
Cu
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-52
18.0質量%、1.0質量%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-53
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-54
5.0質量%。 In order to improve the welding quality of nickel-based superalloys, many scholars have invested in this research: as described in US Patent No. US 20090285715A1, an additive that can increase the weldability of nickel-based superalloys, its chemical composition: 18.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-7
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-8
20.0%, 9.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-48
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-47
11.0%, 7.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-11
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-12
10.0%, 2.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-13
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-14
2.5%, 1.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-15
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-16
1.7%, 0.04%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-17
C
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-18
0.08%; as described in US Patent No. US 20110274579A1, an additive that can increase the weldability of nickel-based superalloys, its chemical composition: 10.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-19
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-20
20.0%, 5.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-21
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-22
15.0%, 0.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-23
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-24
10.0%, 0.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-25
Ta
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-26
3.5%, 0.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-27
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-28
5.0%, 1.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-29
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-30
5.0%, 0.3%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-31
B
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-32
0.6%; as described in US Patent No. US 20070090167A1, a nickel-based superalloy solder with good solderability, its chemical composition: 17.5%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-33
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-34
20.0%, 10.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-35
Co
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-36
12.0%, 9.0%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-37
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-38
10.5%, 0.1%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-39
Ti
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-40
3.3%, 1.4%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-41
Al
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-42
1.8%, 0.04%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-43
C
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-44
0.12%, 0.003%
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-45
B
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0003-46
0.01%; As stated in the Patent Case No. TW I562848 B of the Republic of China, nickel welding materials with excellent corrosion resistance can weld various stainless steel components at a relatively low temperature, and the chemical composition of the solder: 15.0% by mass
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-49
Cr
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-50
30.0% by mass, 6.0% by mass
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-51
Cu
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-52
18.0% by mass, 1.0% by mass
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-53
Mo
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0004-54
5.0% by mass.

然而在銲補IN-713LC鎳基超合金製品的過程中發現，在鑄件銲道及熱影響區極易產生銲接熱裂，導致鑄件銲補品質不佳無法使用，且即使成功完成鑄件縮孔的銲接修補，但在後續的X-ray檢測程序中亦可在鑄件上明顯發現工件有銲補修復之痕跡，導致產品品保人員仍判定該銲補鑄件為不合格件。 However, in the process of welding IN-713LC nickel-based superalloy products, it was found that welding heat cracks were easily generated in the casting bead and heat-affected zone, resulting in poor casting welding quality and unusable, and even if the casting shrinkage was successfully completed Welding repair, but in the subsequent X-ray inspection process, it is also obvious that there are traces of welding repair on the casting, which leads the product quality assurance personnel to still judge the welding repair casting as a non-conforming part.

因此目前業界極需發展出一種鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，藉由改善銲接熱裂與銲道強度過低之問題，提高鎳基超合金銲接製品之良率。 Therefore, there is a great need in the industry to develop a solder for nickel-based superalloy welding. By improving the problems of welding hot cracking and low weld bead strength, the yield of nickel-based superalloy welding products is improved.

鑒於上述習知技術之缺點，本發明之主要目的在於提供一種鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，該銲料由鉻(Chromium)、鋁(Aluminum)、鉬(Molybdenum)、鈮(Columbium)、鈦(Titanium)、碳(Carbon)、鋯(Zirconium)、硼(Boron)及其餘部分為鎳(Nickel)及無法避免之雜質所構成，藉此以減少銲接過程中造成鎳基超合金母材熱裂與銲道強度過低之問題。 In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned conventional technology, the main object of the present invention is to provide a solder for nickel-based superalloy welding, the solder is made of chromium (Chromium), aluminum (Aluminum), molybdenum (Molybdenum), niobium (Columbium), titanium ( Titanium), Carbon, Zirconium, Boron and the rest are made up of Nickel and unavoidable impurities, in order to reduce the thermal cracking of the nickel-based superalloy base material during welding The problem of low weld bead strength.

為了達到上述目的，根據本發明所提出之一方 案，提供一種鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，包含一鎳基超合金母材及一銲料，其特徵在於：該銲料係由11~13wt%之鉻(Chromium)、5.0~7.0wt%之鋁、3.5~5.0wt%之鉬、1.5~2.5wt%之鈮、0.4~1.0wt%之鈦、0.03~0.07wt%之碳、0.05~0.15wt%之鋯、0.001~0.1wt%之硼，及其餘部分為鎳(Nickel)及無法避免之雜質所構成，藉此以減少銲接過程中造成鎳基超合金母材熱裂與銲道強度過低之現象。 In order to achieve the above object, according to a solution proposed by the present invention, a solder for nickel-based superalloy welding is provided, which includes a nickel-based superalloy base material and a solder, characterized in that the solder is composed of 11 to 13 wt% Chromium, aluminum of 5.0~7.0wt%, molybdenum of 3.5~5.0wt%, niobium of 1.5~2.5wt%, titanium of 0.4~1.0wt%, carbon of 0.03~0.07wt%, 0.05~0.15wt% Zirconium, 0.001~0.1wt% boron, and the rest are made of nickel (Nickel) and unavoidable impurities, in order to reduce the hot cracking of the nickel-based superalloy base material and the low strength of the weld bead during the welding process phenomenon.

本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料之硼所佔比例為0.015~0.1wt%。 In the solder for nickel-based superalloy welding of the present invention, the proportion of boron in the solder is 0.015 to 0.1 wt%.

本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料之硼所佔比例為0.05wt%。 In the solder for nickel-based superalloy welding of the present invention, the proportion of boron in the solder is 0.05 wt%.

本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲接為鎢極惰性氣體保護銲(TIG銲)。 In the solder for nickel-based superalloy welding of the present invention, the welding is tungsten inert gas shielded welding (TIG welding).

本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料以真空電弧熔煉或真空感應熔煉製備成銲條。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy welding of the present invention, wherein the solder is prepared into a welding rod by vacuum arc melting or vacuum induction melting.

本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該鎳基超合金母材為鎳基超合金之鑄件或鍛件。 In the solder for nickel-based superalloy welding of the present invention, the nickel-based superalloy base material is a cast or forged piece of nickel-based superalloy.

以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆是為了能進一步說明本創作達到預定目的所採取的方式、手段及功效，而有關本創作的其他目的及優點，將在後續的說明及圖式中加以闡述。 The above summary and the following detailed description and drawings are to further explain the way, means and effect of this creation to achieve the intended purpose, and other purposes and advantages of this creation will be described in subsequent descriptions and drawings It is explained in the formula.

10‧‧‧鎳基超合金母材 10‧‧‧Nickel-based superalloy base material

11‧‧‧V型槽 11‧‧‧V-groove

20‧‧‧銲接後鎳基超合金母材 20‧‧‧Nickel-based superalloy base material after welding

21‧‧‧熱裂紋 21‧‧‧ thermal crack

40‧‧‧銲接後鎳基超合金母材 40‧‧‧Nickel-based superalloy base material after welding

41‧‧‧銲道 41‧‧‧Weld pass

第一圖係為鎳基超合金母材試片開槽圖；第二圖係為本實驗之使用現行商用銲料銲接結果圖；第三圖係為本實驗之使用本發明鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料銲接結果圖；第四圖係為本實驗之使用現行商用銲料銲接X-ray檢測結果圖；第五圖係為本實驗之使用本發明鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料銲接X-ray檢測結果圖。 The first picture is the slotted drawing of the nickel-based superalloy base material test piece; the second picture is the result of the current commercial soldering soldering experiment; the third picture is the experiment using the nickel-based superalloy soldering of the present invention Solder soldering result diagram; the fourth picture is the experimental X-ray test result of the current commercial solder welding; the fifth picture is the experimental solder X-ray test of the nickel-based superalloy soldering of the present invention Results graph.

以下係藉由特定的具體實例說明本創作之實施方式，熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地了解本創作之優點及功效。 The following is a specific example to illustrate the implementation of this creation. Those familiar with this skill can easily understand the advantages and effects of this creation from the content disclosed in this specification.

鎳基超合金進行銲接時，最常出現之銲接缺陷為凝固熱裂(Solidification cracking)與液化裂縫(Liquation cracking)，此兩種裂紋都屬於銲接熱裂，具有的特徵包括：(1)裂紋發生於銲接凝固過程中；(2)裂紋一定沿著晶粒邊界發生；(3)裂紋發生時液體薄膜存在於固體晶粒的邊界等現象。 When welding nickel-based superalloys, the most common welding defects are solidification cracking and liquidation cracking. These two types of cracks are both welding hot cracks, and their characteristics include: (1) Cracks occur During the welding and solidification process; (2) Cracks must occur along the grain boundaries; (3) When the cracks occur, the liquid film exists at the solid grain boundaries.

本發明提供一種鎳基超合金銲接用銲料成份，在該銲料成分中同時添加鉻、鋁、鉬、鈮、鈦、碳、鋯、硼、 鎳等特定元素，藉由鋁、鈦元素能與鎳結合行成析出強化γ'相的優點達到強化銲道強度之效果，並添加微量硼元素，至多0.1wt%重量百分比以避免產生富硼之介金屬化合物(有害相)，則該微量硼元素可以降低合金熔點及提升合金潤濕性，改善鎳基超合金銲補件銲道及熱影響區之微結構與機械性質，藉此改善鎳基超合金銲接熱裂之問題。 The invention provides a solder component for nickel-based superalloy soldering. To the solder component, specific elements such as chromium, aluminum, molybdenum, niobium, titanium, carbon, zirconium, boron, and nickel are added. Combined with the advantages of formation precipitation strengthening γ'phase to achieve the effect of strengthening the weld bead strength, and adding trace boron element, up to 0.1wt% by weight to avoid the production of boron-rich intermetallic compounds (harmful phase), the trace boron element can Reduce the melting point of the alloy and improve the wettability of the alloy, improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld bead and heat affected zone of the nickel-based superalloy weldment, thereby improving the problem of nickel-based superalloy welding hot cracking.

請參閱第一至五圖，如圖所示，係為本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料實驗結果圖，本發明之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，以11.0~13.0重量百分比的鉻、5.0~7.0重量百分比的鋁、3.5~5.0重量百分比的鉬、1.5~2.5重量百分比的鈮、0.4~1.0重量百分比的鈦、0.03~0.07重量百分比的碳、0.05~0.15重量百分比的鋯、0.01~0.1重量百分比的硼及其餘材料為鎳所組成銲料，以下本發明提出一實施例，以真空電弧熔煉之方式製備鑄錠，再利用一CNC切割機將材料裁切、加工成直徑約2公釐(mm)之銲條，本實施例測出該銲條實際之化學組成為11.8wt%Cr、6.1wt%Al、3.8wt%Mo、1.95wt%Nb、0.77wt%Ti、0.04wt%C、0.11wt%Zr、0.05wt%B及75.38wt%Ni。 Please refer to the first to fifth figures, as shown in the figure is the experimental results of the solder of the nickel-based superalloy solder of the present invention, the solder of the nickel-based superalloy solder of the present invention, 11.0~13.0 weight percent chromium , 5.0~7.0 weight percent aluminum, 3.5~5.0 weight percent molybdenum, 1.5~2.5 weight percent niobium, 0.4~1.0 weight percent titanium, 0.03~0.07 weight percent carbon, 0.05~0.15 weight percent zirconium, 0.01 ~0.1% by weight of boron and the rest of the material are made of nickel solder. The present invention proposes an embodiment to prepare an ingot by vacuum arc melting, and then use a CNC cutting machine to cut and process the material to a diameter of about 2 Centimeter (mm) electrode, the actual chemical composition of the electrode measured in this example is 11.8wt%Cr, 6.1wt%Al, 3.8wt%Mo, 1.95wt%Nb, 0.77wt%Ti, 0.04wt%C, 0.11 wt%Zr, 0.05wt%B and 75.38wt%Ni.

如第一圖所示，將鎳基超合金母材IN-713LC試片開槽，本實驗先將鎳基超合金母材(10)，加工成長100mm，寬50mm，厚3mm之板材試片後，利用線切割於表面開槽，規格為寬3mm，深1.5mm，角度為60度之V型槽(11)，之後將本實 施例之銲條與該銲接母材試片以95%酒精清洗去汙，最後置於110℃烘烤箱中烘乾，利用交直流氬銲機(Thermal Dynamics，Thermal Arc，AC/DC Inverter Arc Welder)實施氬銲(TIG)實驗。 As shown in the first picture, the IN-713LC test piece of nickel-based superalloy base material is grooved. In this experiment, the nickel-based superalloy base material (10) is processed into a 100mm, 50mm wide and 3mm thick plate test piece. , The groove is cut on the surface by wire cutting, the specification is 3mm wide, 1.5mm deep, and the V-shaped groove (11) with an angle of 60 degrees, and then the electrode of this embodiment and the welding base material test piece are cleaned with 95% alcohol The dirt was finally dried in an oven at 110°C, and an argon welding (TIG) experiment was carried out using an AC/DC argon welding machine (Thermal Dynamics, Thermal Arc, AC/DC Inverter Arc Welder).

鎳基超合金母材銲後之銲件為消除銲接應力，將銲件施以適當之熱處理，熱處理程序依熱處理規範進行，條件為：1177℃真空固溶處理2小時後，以氬氣冷卻至室溫，再以649℃進行人工時效16小時，該母材經熱處理後以萬能試驗機進行拉伸試驗並進行結果分析。 The weldment of the nickel-based superalloy base material is welded to remove the welding stress, and the weldment is subjected to appropriate heat treatment. The heat treatment procedure is carried out according to the heat treatment specification. The conditions are: 1177°C vacuum solution treatment for 2 hours, then cooled to argon to At room temperature, artificial aging is carried out at 649°C for 16 hours. After heat treatment, the base material is subjected to a tensile test with a universal testing machine and the result analysis.

如第二圖至第三圖所示，使用現行商用鎳基超合金銲料(第二圖)與本發明之實施例銲料(第三圖)進行該母材TIG銲後之試片外觀圖，由圖可發現2組IN-713LC鎳基超合金試片經TIG銲接後，使用現行商用銲料進行銲接之該銲接後鎳基超合金母材(20)上產生熱裂紋(21)，而使用本發明銲料之銲條進行銲接後，則銲接之鎳基超合金母材無任何的TIG銲接後缺陷。 As shown in the second picture to the third picture, the appearance of the test piece after TIG welding of the base material using the current commercial nickel-based superalloy solder (second picture) and the solder of the embodiment of the present invention (third picture), by It can be found in the figure that after 2 groups of IN-713LC nickel-based superalloy test pieces are soldered by TIG, the current commercial solder is used for soldering. After the soldering, the nickel-based superalloy base material (20) has thermal cracks (21), and the present invention is used. After the electrode of the solder is welded, the welded nickel-based superalloy base material does not have any defects after TIG welding.

如第四圖至第五圖所示，以X-ray檢驗上述兩組試片，可發現使用現行商用銲料進行銲接之該銲接後鎳基超合金母材(40)在X-ray檢驗下有明顯的銲補痕跡，在銲道(41)可發現有明顯的氣孔存在，而使用本發明所提出之銲料的銲接試片則無明顯銲補痕跡與缺陷，由此可知使用本發明所提出之銲料的銲接品質優於現行商用銲料。 As shown in the fourth to fifth figures, X-ray inspection of the above two sets of test pieces, it can be found that the nickel-based superalloy base material (40) after soldering using current commercial solder is under X-ray inspection. Obvious solder repair traces can be found in the weld bead (41). There are no obvious solder repair traces and defects in the welding test piece using the solder proposed by the present invention. The soldering quality of solder is better than current commercial solders.

下表為鎳基超合金經熱處理後之拉伸機械性質，

Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0009-1
由表可發現未經銲補之IN-713LC鎳基超合金拉伸強度(UTS)、降伏強度(YS)與延性(EL)分別可達950MPa、810MPa與10.4%，而使用現行商用銲料之銲補件則大幅下降至612MPa、477MPa與4.2%，而使用本發明銲料之TIG銲補件之拉伸強度則可達860MPa、714MPa與7.6%，僅略低於未銲補之鎳基超合金，顯示使用本發明銲料進行銲補鎳基超合金之機械性質優於使用商用銲料。 The following table shows the tensile mechanical properties of nickel-based superalloys after heat treatment,
Figure 107117643-A0101-12-0009-1
 It can be found from the table that the tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and ductility (EL) of IN-713LC nickel-based superalloy without soldering can reach 950MPa, 810MPa and 10.4%, respectively. The repair parts are greatly reduced to 612MPa, 477MPa and 4.2%, while the tensile strength of the TIG solder repair parts using the solder of the present invention can reach 860MPa, 714MPa and 7.6%, which is only slightly lower than that of unwelded nickel-based superalloys. It is shown that the use of the solder of the present invention to solder nickel-based superalloys has better mechanical properties than the use of commercial solders.

本發明之一效益，在於該銲料能便利使用且可避免鎳基超合金母材(如：IN-713LC之鑄件)銲接性不佳，且其在標準的氬銲(TIG)銲接條件下，即可進行鎳基合金之銲補作業，不需任何特殊之銲接技巧且成功率高達80%以上，此鎳基超合金銲件銲道強度也大幅改善(>800MPa)，本發明之又一效益，在於銲料可在98%~100%高成功率下銲補鎳基超合金母材(如：IN-713LC之鑄件)，且經熱處理後銲件之降伏強度可達700MPa以上，本發明之再一效益，在於該銲料雖是針對鎳基超合金之鑄件缺陷與銲接需求而開發，但同樣可以廣泛應用 於其他高強度鎳基超合金鑄件上。 One of the benefits of the present invention is that the solder can be conveniently used and can avoid the poor weldability of the nickel-based superalloy base material (such as: IN-713LC casting), and it is under standard argon welding (TIG) welding conditions, namely The welding repair operation of nickel-based alloys can be performed without any special welding skills and the success rate is as high as 80% or more. The weld pass strength of this nickel-based superalloy weldment is also greatly improved (>800MPa), which is another benefit of the present invention. The solder can repair the nickel-based superalloy base material (such as IN-713LC casting) at a high success rate of 98%~100%, and the yield strength of the weldment after heat treatment can reach 700MPa or more. The benefit is that although the solder is developed for nickel-based superalloy casting defects and welding needs, it can also be widely used in other high-strength nickel-based superalloy castings.

上述之實施例僅為例示性說明本創作之特點及功效，非用以限制本創作之實質技術內容的範圍，任何熟悉此技藝之人士均可在不違背創作之精神及範疇下，對上述實施例進行修飾與變化，因此，本創作之權利保護範圍，應如後述之申請專利範圍所列。 The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the characteristics and effects of this creation, and are not intended to limit the scope of the substantive technical content of this creation. Anyone who is familiar with this skill can implement the above without departing from the spirit and scope of creation Examples are modified and changed. Therefore, the scope of protection of the rights of this creation should be as listed in the scope of patent applications described later.

Claims (6)

一種鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，包含一鎳基超合金母材及一銲料，其特徵在於：該銲料係由11~13wt%之鉻(Chromium)、5.0~7.0wt%之鋁(Aluminum)、3.5~5.0wt%之鉬(Molybdenum)、1.5~2.5wt%之鈮(Columbium)、0.4~1.0wt%之鈦(Titanium)、0.03~0.07wt%之碳(Carbon)、0.05~0.15wt%之鋯(Zirconium)、0.001~0.1wt%之硼(Boron)，及其餘部分為鎳(Nickel)及無法避免之雜質所構成，藉此以減少銲接過程中造成鎳基超合金母材熱裂與銲道強度過低之現象。 A solder for nickel-based superalloy welding, comprising a nickel-based superalloy base material and a solder, characterized in that the solder is composed of 11 to 13 wt% of chromium (Chromium) and 5.0 to 7.0 wt% of aluminum (Aluminum) , 3.5~5.0wt% molybdenum (Molybdenum), 1.5~2.5wt% niobium (Columbium), 0.4~1.0wt% titanium (Titanium), 0.03~0.07wt% carbon (Carbon), 0.05~0.15wt% Zirconium, 0.001~0.1wt% Boron, and the rest are made up of Nickel and unavoidable impurities, in order to reduce the thermal cracking of the nickel-based superalloy base material during welding The phenomenon of weld bead strength is too low. 如請求項1所述之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料之硼所佔比例係為0.015~0.1wt%。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy welding according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of boron in the solder is 0.015 to 0.1 wt%. 如請求項2所述之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料之硼所佔比例係為0.05wt%。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy soldering according to claim 2, wherein the proportion of boron in the solder is 0.05 wt%. 如請求項1所述之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲接係為鎢極惰性氣體保護銲(TIG銲)。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy soldering according to claim 1, wherein the soldering is tungsten inert gas shielded soldering (TIG soldering). 如請求項1所述之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該銲料係以真空電弧熔煉或真空感應熔煉製備成銲條。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy welding according to claim 1, wherein the solder is prepared by vacuum arc melting or vacuum induction melting. 如請求項1所述之鎳基超合金銲接用之銲料，其中，該鎳基超合金母材係為鎳基超合金之鑄件或鍛件。 The solder for nickel-based superalloy welding according to claim 1, wherein the nickel-based superalloy base material is a nickel-based superalloy casting or forging.
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