TW201943500A - Vitrified grindstone having rough-textured homogeneous structure - Google Patents
Vitrified grindstone having rough-textured homogeneous structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201943500A TW201943500A TW108110048A TW108110048A TW201943500A TW 201943500 A TW201943500 A TW 201943500A TW 108110048 A TW108110048 A TW 108110048A TW 108110048 A TW108110048 A TW 108110048A TW 201943500 A TW201943500 A TW 201943500A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- vitrified
- abrasive
- grindstone
- volume ratio
- abrasive grains
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
- B24D3/18—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings for porous or cellular structure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明係關於低磨粒體積率且多氣孔之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石，其適合應用於研磨負荷較高、工件容易產生研磨燒焦之領域。The invention relates to a vitrified grindstone with a low abrasive grain volume ratio and a porous structure with a coarse structure and a homogeneous structure.
背景技術
關於適合應用於內面研磨、角研磨等之研磨負荷較高、工件容易產生研磨燒焦之領域的磨石，一般已知有高氣孔率玻化磨石。例如專利文獻1所記載之高氣孔率之CBN玻化磨石就是。利用如此高氣孔率之玻化磨石，因為藉由氣孔形成材人工地形成氣孔而成為高氣孔率，故於研磨液下之研磨過程中容易釋放研磨熱，能適當地抑制工件之研磨燒焦。2. Description of the Related Art High-porosity vitrified grinding stones are generally known as grinding stones suitable for applications in areas where the grinding load of internal surface grinding, corner grinding, and the like is high, and workpieces are liable to be burnt and burnt. For example, the CBN vitrified grinding stone with a high porosity described in Patent Document 1 is an example. With such a high porosity vitrified grindstone, because the pores are artificially formed by the pore-forming material to become a high porosity, it is easy to release the grinding heat during the grinding process under the grinding liquid, and it can appropriately suppress the grinding and scorching of the workpiece. .
然而，於渦輪葉片或軸承槽之研磨等容易因磨石形狀或打磨而發生磨平之研磨加工、或被加工物之導熱率較低而加工中的熱不易逸散之研磨加工之情形，即使是上述先前之高氣孔率之玻化磨石，依然存在燒焦或形狀磨耗較快等問題。However, in the case of grinding of turbine blades or bearing grooves, the grinding process that is easy to be flattened due to the shape of the grinding stone or the grinding, or the grinding process where the heat conductivity of the workpiece is low and the heat during the process is not easy to escape, even It is the above-mentioned high porosity vitrified grinding stone, which still has problems such as burnt or faster shape wear.
又，若藉由降低磨粒率以求減低加工阻力時，為了維持較大的磨粒間隔，結果上就成為形成大氣孔之粗組織玻化磨石。上述先前技術存有由於形成大氣孔而磨石結構容易變得不均質之缺點。又，若為了形成氣孔而使用可於磨石燒成中燒掉的有機氣孔形成材，亦存在如下缺點：在磨粒因燒成收縮而重新排列時，容易產生磨粒凝聚。In addition, if the processing resistance is to be reduced by reducing the abrasive grain ratio, in order to maintain a large abrasive grain interval, as a result, it becomes a coarse-structured vitrified grindstone forming an atmospheric pore. The above-mentioned prior art has the disadvantage that the structure of the grindstone is liable to become heterogeneous due to the formation of atmospheric pores. In addition, if an organic pore-forming material that can be burned during firing of a grindstone is used to form pores, there is also a disadvantage that when the abrasive particles are rearranged due to firing shrinkage, abrasive particle aggregation is liable to occur.
先行技術文獻
專利文獻
專利文獻1：專利第3987719號公報
專利文獻2：專利第6013133號公報Prior Art Literature Patent Literature Patent Literature 1: Patent No. 3987719 Patent Literature 2: Patent No. 6013133
發明概要
發明欲解決之課題
相對於此，於專利文獻2中藉由使用氧化鋁中空粒子來形成氣孔而成為均質的磨石結構，藉此構成提高磨粒間之接觸比例、將磨粒體積率降低至某程度之低磨粒率、多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石。藉此，可抑制磨粒因燒成收縮而重新排列時之磨粒凝聚，可抑制研磨燒焦或形狀磨耗之發生。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In contrast to the problems to be solved by the invention, in Patent Document 2, a uniform grindstone structure is formed by forming pores using alumina hollow particles, thereby increasing the contact ratio between abrasive grains and the volume ratio of abrasive grains. Reduced to a certain degree of low abrasive grain rate, porosity and homogeneous structure of vitrified grinding stone. With this, it is possible to suppress the agglomeration of abrasive grains when the abrasive grains are rearranged due to firing shrinkage, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of abrasive burn and shape wear.
然而，即使是上述專利文獻2記載之玻化磨石，在研磨INCONEL(註冊商標)、Haynes公司之HASTELLOY(註冊商標)、不鏽鋼、鈦合金等難研磨材料時等，根據研磨條件的不同，亦有無法完全解決形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量)之降低或研磨燒焦之情形，存有關於研磨品質及磨石壽命之課題。However, even when the vitrified grindstone described in the above Patent Document 2 is used to grind difficult-to-grind materials such as INCONEL (registered trademark), Haynes (registered trademark) of Haynes, stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., depending on the polishing conditions, There is a case where the reduction of the shape retention (abrasion of the grindstone) cannot be completely solved or the burnt burnt, and there are problems regarding the quality of the grindstone and the life of the grindstone.
本發明係鑑於上述情事而完成者，其目的在於提供一種縱使是難研磨材料亦可一面保持形狀維持性，一面不會產生燒焦地進行研磨之粗組織(多氣孔)均質結構之玻化磨石。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a vitrified mill having a homogeneous structure of a coarse structure (porous) that can be polished while maintaining shape retention even if it is a difficult-to-grind material. stone.
本發明人等鑑於上述情事，針對不會降低磨粒體積率低於例如40體積%之多氣孔、粗組織之玻化磨石之形狀維持性且抑制被研磨材料燒焦，即關於磨粒體積率及磨石結構之均質性進行各種研究，結果發現如下令人驚訝的事實，即：縱使利用無機中空填料，形成先前認為不能得到形狀維持性之低磨粒體積率，只要提高磨石結構之均質性，則仍能維持形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量減少)，且即使難研磨材料仍可獲得研磨燒焦抑制效果。本發明係基於上述發現而完成者。本發明人推測：若藉由降低上述磨粒體積率來促進相對於該磨粒體積率以特定範圍內之比例填充的無機中空填料的分散，可獲得磨粒與無機中空填料相互接近的均質結構，藉此可一面維持形狀維持性，一面適當地抑制被研磨材料之燒焦。In view of the foregoing, the present inventors, in view of the fact that the volume maintainability of the abrasive grain volume ratio of less than 40% by volume of the porosity and coarse structure of the vitrified grindstone is not reduced, and the scorch of the abrasive material is suppressed. Various studies have been conducted on the rate and the homogeneity of the grindstone structure. As a result, it has been found that even if the inorganic hollow filler is used to form a low abrasive grain volume ratio that was previously considered to be unable to obtain shape retention, as long as the grindstone structure is improved, Homogeneity can maintain shape retention (reduction in the amount of abrasive wear), and it is possible to obtain the effect of suppressing grinding and scoring even with difficult-to-grind materials. The present invention has been completed based on the above findings. The inventors speculated that if the volume ratio of the abrasive particles is reduced to promote the dispersion of the inorganic hollow fillers filled in a specific range with respect to the volume ratio of the abrasive particles, a homogeneous structure in which the abrasive particles and the inorganic hollow fillers are close to each other can be obtained. Therefore, while maintaining the shape maintaining property, the scorch of the material to be polished can be appropriately suppressed.
用以解決課題之手段
即，第1發明之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石之主旨在於：其係磨粒及無機中空填料藉由無機結合劑結合而成之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石，前述磨粒以體積率23~35vol%之比率來填充，且前述玻化磨石具備均質性，該均質性是於磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有10以下之標準偏差的，該磨粒面積率係玻化磨石剖面中複數位置之每單位面積之包含前述磨粒之固形物之比率。The means to solve the problem is the vitrified grinding stone of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of the first invention, which aims at: the vitrified grinding of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of the abrasive grains and the inorganic hollow filler combined with the inorganic binder Stone, the abrasive grains are filled with a volume ratio of 23 to 35 vol%, and the vitrified grinding stone has homogeneity, which has a standard deviation of 10 or less in the frequency distribution diagram of the abrasive grain area ratio. The abrasive grain area ratio is the ratio of the solid content including the aforementioned abrasive grains per unit area at a plurality of positions in the section of the vitrified grindstone.
第2發明之主旨在於第1發明中，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒為1.6倍以下之平均粒徑。The main point of the second invention is that in the first invention, the inorganic hollow filler has an average particle diameter of 1.6 times or less with respect to the abrasive particles.
第3發明之主旨在於第1發明或第2發明中，前述無機中空填料以相對於前述磨粒之體積率為0.2倍~1.7倍之體積率來填充。The main point of the third invention is that in the first invention or the second invention, the inorganic hollow filler is filled with a volume ratio of 0.2 to 1.7 times the volume ratio of the abrasive grains.
第4發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第3發明之任一發明中，前述無機結合劑係以10~15vol%之體積率被混入。The main point of the fourth invention is that in any one of the first to third inventions, the inorganic binder is mixed at a volume ratio of 10 to 15 vol%.
第5發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第4發明之任一發明中具備均質性，該均質性是於前述磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有6.5~8.7之標準偏差。The main object of the fifth invention is to provide homogeneity in any one of the first to fourth inventions, and the homogeneity has a standard deviation of 6.5 to 8.7 in the frequency distribution chart of the area ratio of the abrasive grains.
第6發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第5發明之任一發明中，前述無機中空填料係以體積率4~45vol%之比率來填充。The main point of the sixth invention is that in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the inorganic hollow filler is filled at a ratio of 4 to 45 vol%.
第7發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第6發明之任一發明中，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒為0.6~1.6倍之平均粒徑。The main object of the seventh invention is that in any one of the first to sixth inventions, the inorganic hollow filler has an average particle diameter of 0.6 to 1.6 times the abrasive grains.
第8發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第7發明之任一發明中，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒之體積率為0.2~1.67倍之體積率。The main object of the eighth invention is that in any one of the first to seventh inventions, the inorganic hollow filler has a volume ratio of 0.2 to 1.67 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles.
第9發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第7發明之任一發明中，前述磨粒為氧化鋁質研磨材料或碳化矽質研磨材料，前述磨粒之粒度為F80至F120。The main object of the ninth invention is that in any one of the first to seventh inventions, the abrasive particles are alumina-based abrasive materials or silicon carbide abrasive materials, and the particle sizes of the abrasive particles are F80 to F120.
發明效果
根據第1發明，粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石係磨粒及無機中空填料藉由無機結合劑結合而成者，前述磨粒以23~35vol%之比率被填充，且前述玻化磨石具備於磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有8.5以下之標準偏差的均質性，該磨粒面積率係玻化磨石剖面中複數位置之每單位面積之包含前述磨粒之固形物之比率。藉此，因為即使為低磨粒體積率，磨石結構之均質性仍高、可維持形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量減少)，故即使為難研磨材料仍可一面維持形狀維持性，一面抑制被研磨材料發生燒焦。ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the 1st invention, the vitrified grindstone-type abrasive grain of a coarse structure homogeneous structure, and an inorganic hollow filler are combined with an inorganic binder, The said abrasive grain is filled in the ratio of 23-35 vol%, and the said vitrification The grinding stone has homogeneity with a standard deviation of 8.5 or less in the frequency distribution diagram of the area ratio of the abrasive grains. The area ratio of the abrasive grains is the solid content of the solid matter including the foregoing abrasive grains per unit area at a plurality of positions in the section of the vitrified grinding stone. ratio. Therefore, even if the volume ratio of the abrasive grains is low, the structure of the grindstone is still high and the shape maintainability can be maintained (the amount of grinding stone wear is reduced). Therefore, it is possible to maintain the shape maintainability even for difficult-to-abrasive materials while suppressing the The abrasive material is burnt.
根據第2發明，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒為1.6倍以下之平均粒徑。因此，可獲得具備均質性較高之磨石結構的多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the second invention, the inorganic hollow filler has an average particle diameter of 1.6 times or less with respect to the abrasive particles. Therefore, a vitrified grindstone having a porous structure and a homogeneous structure having a grindstone structure having a high homogeneity can be obtained.
根據第3發明，前述無機中空填料以相對於前述磨粒之體積率為0.2倍~1.7倍之體積率來填充。因此，可獲得具備均質性較高之磨石結構的多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the third invention, the inorganic hollow filler is filled at a volume ratio of 0.2 to 1.7 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles. Therefore, a vitrified grindstone having a porous structure and a homogeneous structure having a grindstone structure having a high homogeneity can be obtained.
根據第4發明，前述無機結合劑係以10~15vol%之體積率混入。因此，可獲得氣孔率較高之多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the fourth invention, the inorganic binder is mixed at a volume ratio of 10 to 15 vol%. Therefore, a vitrified grindstone with a high porosity and a homogeneous structure can be obtained.
根據第5發明，具備均質性，該均質性是於前述磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有6.5~8.7之標準偏差。藉此，即使為低磨粒體積率，亦可維持磨石結構之均質性較高之形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量減少)。According to the fifth invention, it is provided with homogeneity having a standard deviation of 6.5 to 8.7 in the frequency distribution chart of the area ratio of the abrasive grains. Thereby, even if the volume ratio of the abrasive grains is low, the shape maintaining property with a high homogeneity of the grindstone structure can be maintained (abrasion amount of the grindstone is reduced).
根據第6發明，前述無機中空填料係以體積率4~45vol%之比率填充。因此，可獲得低磨粒體積率且多氣孔之玻化磨石。According to the sixth invention, the inorganic hollow filler is filled at a ratio of 4 to 45 vol%. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vitrified grinding stone having a low abrasive grain volume ratio and a large number of pores.
根據第7發明，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒為0.6~1.6倍之平均粒徑。因此，可獲得低磨粒體積率且多氣孔之玻化磨石。According to the seventh invention, the inorganic hollow filler has an average particle diameter of 0.6 to 1.6 times the abrasive grains. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vitrified grinding stone having a low abrasive grain volume ratio and a large number of pores.
根據第8發明，前述無機中空填料具有相對於前述磨粒之體積率為0.2~1.67倍之體積率。因此，可獲得低磨粒體積率且多氣孔之玻化磨石。According to the eighth invention, the inorganic hollow filler has a volume ratio of 0.2 to 1.67 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vitrified grinding stone having a low abrasive grain volume ratio and a large number of pores.
第9發明之主旨在於前述第1發明至第7發明之任一發明中，前述磨粒為氧化鋁質研磨材料或碳化矽質研磨材料，前述磨粒之粒度為F80至F120。藉此，可使用一般磨粒且不會伴隨研磨燒焦地研磨難研磨材料。The main object of the ninth invention is that in any one of the first to seventh inventions, the abrasive particles are alumina-based abrasive materials or silicon carbide abrasive materials, and the particle sizes of the abrasive particles are F80 to F120. Thereby, a hard abrasive material can be grind | polished without using the general abrasive grains and the scorch accompanying grinding | polishing.
用以實施發明之形態
於用以實施發明之一形態中，前述無機中空填料宜使用例如火山灰中空粒子(SHIRASU BALLOON)、氧化鋁中空粒子、莫來石中空粒子、玻璃中空粒子等。Form for Carrying Out the Invention In one form for carrying out the invention, the aforementioned inorganic hollow fillers are preferably volcanic ash hollow particles (SHIRASU BALLOON), alumina hollow particles, mullite hollow particles, glass hollow particles, and the like.
實施例
以下，參照圖式詳細地說明本發明之一實施例。又，於以下實施例中，附圖被適當地簡化或概念化，並且不一定準確地繪製各個部分的尺寸比及形狀等。EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the following embodiments, the drawings are appropriately simplified or conceptualized, and the dimensional ratios, shapes, and the like of each part are not necessarily accurately drawn.
圖1係顯示本發明之一實施例之多氣孔且均質結構之作為高氣孔率玻化磨石之玻化磨石10之一例。該玻化磨石10整體形成圓板狀，於利用形成於其中央部之安裝孔12安裝於研磨盤主軸之狀態下，繞軸線C旋轉驅動。藉由使被研磨材料16滑接於玻化磨石10之錐狀外周研磨面14，而研磨被研磨材料16。FIG. 1 shows an example of a vitrified grindstone 10 having a high porosity vitrified grindstone having a porous and homogeneous structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vitrified grindstone 10 is formed in a disc shape as a whole, and is driven to rotate about the axis C in a state where the vitrified grindstone 10 is mounted on the main shaft of the polishing disc by using a mounting hole 12 formed in a central portion thereof. The material 16 to be polished is slidably contacted with the tapered outer peripheral polishing surface 14 of the vitrified grindstone 10.
圖2係顯示研磨例如INCONEL(註冊商標)等耐熱合金製之長方體狀被研磨材料16之角18之情形。於玻化磨石10旋轉之狀態下，一面使長方體狀被研磨材料16之角壓抵於玻化磨石10之外周研磨面14，一面將被研磨材料16朝其長度方向、即與圖2紙面垂直之方向輸送，藉此研磨被研磨材料16之角18。FIG. 2 shows how the corners 18 of a rectangular parallelepiped material 16 made of a heat-resistant alloy such as INCONEL (registered trademark) are polished. In the state where the vitrified grinding stone 10 is rotated, while pressing the corner of the cuboid-shaped abrasive material 16 against the outer peripheral grinding surface 14 of the vitrified grinding stone 10, the abrasive material 16 is oriented in the length direction, that is, as shown in FIG. 2 The paper surface is conveyed in a vertical direction, thereby grinding the corner 18 of the material 16 to be ground.
圖4係放大說明玻化磨石10之結構之示意圖。於圖4中，例如由氧化鋁質研磨材料或碳化矽質研磨材料等一般的磨粒構成的磨粒20、及例如由火山灰中空粒子、氧化鋁中空粒子、莫來石中空粒子、玻璃中空粒子等構成之無機中空填料22藉由玻璃質無機結合劑之玻化結合材24之熔融而相互結合。於該等磨粒20、無機中空填料22及玻化結合材24之間，形成有於製造步驟中因黏結劑(成形助劑)的消失等而自然形成的氣孔26。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the vitrified grindstone 10 on an enlarged scale. In FIG. 4, for example, abrasive grains 20 composed of general abrasive grains such as alumina abrasive materials or silicon carbide abrasive materials, and, for example, volcanic ash hollow particles, alumina hollow particles, mullite hollow particles, and glass hollow particles The inorganic hollow fillers 22 having the same structure are bonded to each other by melting the vitrified bonding material 24 of the glassy inorganic bonding agent. Between the abrasive grains 20, the inorganic hollow filler 22, and the vitrified bonding material 24, pores 26 formed naturally due to the disappearance of a binder (forming aid) or the like in a manufacturing step are formed.
磨粒20係以23~35vol%之磨粒體積率填充，且具備均質性，該均質性是於磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有8.5以下之標準偏差，該磨粒面積率係玻化磨石10之剖面中複數位置之每單位面積之包含磨粒20之固形物之比率。如此，玻化磨石10具有非常低的磨粒體積率，卻又藉由磨石結構之均質性而得以維持磨石形狀維持性，為多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石。The abrasive grain 20 is filled with an abrasive grain volume ratio of 23 to 35 vol% and has homogeneity. The homogeneity is a standard deviation of 8.5 or less in the frequency distribution diagram of the abrasive grain area rate. The abrasive grain area rate is vitrified The ratio of the solid content including the abrasive grains 20 per unit area at the plural positions in the cross section of the grindstone 10. In this way, the vitrified grinding stone 10 has a very low abrasive grain volume ratio, but maintains the shape maintenance of the grinding stone by the homogeneity of the grinding stone structure. It is a vitrified grinding stone with a porous structure and a homogeneous structure.
於玻化磨石10中，無機中空填料22以相對於磨粒體積率為0.2倍~1.7倍之填料體積率填充。又，無機中空填料22以4~45vol%之比率填充。又，無機中空填料22具有相對於磨粒20之平均粒徑為1.6倍以下之平均粒徑、較佳為具有0.6~1.4倍範圍內之平均粒徑。又，無機中空填料22於玻化磨石10中具有相對於磨粒20之體積為0.2~1.67倍、較佳為0.43~1.4倍之體積比。In the vitrified grindstone 10, the inorganic hollow filler 22 is filled at a filler volume ratio of 0.2 to 1.7 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles. The inorganic hollow filler 22 is filled at a ratio of 4 to 45 vol%. The inorganic hollow filler 22 has an average particle diameter of 1.6 times or less with respect to the average particle diameter of the abrasive grains 20, and preferably has an average particle diameter in the range of 0.6 to 1.4 times. In addition, the inorganic hollow filler 22 has a volume ratio in the vitrified grindstone 10 of 0.2 to 1.67 times, and preferably 0.43 to 1.4 times the volume of the abrasive grains 20.
於玻化磨石10中，玻化結合材(無機結合劑)24係以10~15vol%之體積率混入。In the vitrified grinding stone 10, a vitrified bonding material (inorganic bonding agent) 24 is mixed at a volume ratio of 10 to 15 vol%.
藉由如此組成，玻化磨石10具備於磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有10以下、較佳為6.5~8.5之標準偏差的均質性，該磨粒面積率係磨石剖面中複數位置之每單位面積之包含磨粒20之固形物之比率。With such a composition, the vitrified grindstone 10 is provided with a homogeneity having a standard deviation of 10 or less, preferably 6.5 to 8.5 in the frequency distribution diagram of the abrasive grain area ratio, and the abrasive grain area ratio is a plural position in the grindstone section. The ratio of solids including abrasive particles 20 per unit area.
玻化磨石10例如根據圖3所示步驟圖製造。即，首先於磨粒結合塗層步驟P1中，將磨粒20與粉體狀之玻化結合材24與黏結劑(成形助劑)一同混合，該玻化結合材24係於熔融後半熔質化之高耐衝擊性及耐熱性優異之玻璃粉末，例如具有磨粒20之1/10以下之平均粒徑，該黏結劑係眾所周知之以糊精為代表之合成糊料等者，藉此於磨粒20之外表面層狀地形成由該玻化結合材(無機結合劑)24及黏結劑構成之塗層，且視需要進行乾燥而賦予更強的流動性。又，於填充劑粒子結合塗層步驟P2中，亦將由例如莫來石中空粒子等構成之無機中空填料22與上述相同之玻化結合材24及眾所周知之糊精等黏結劑一同混合，藉此於無機中空填料22之外周面層狀地形成由該玻化結合材24及黏結劑構成之塗層，且視需要進行乾燥而賦予更強的流動性。The vitrified grindstone 10 is manufactured, for example, according to the step diagram shown in FIG. 3. That is, in the abrasive grain bonding coating step P1, the abrasive grains 20 and the powdery vitrified bonding material 24 are mixed together with a binder (forming aid). The vitrified bonding material 24 is a semi-melted material after melting. Glass powder with high impact resistance and excellent heat resistance, for example, has an average particle size of less than 1/10 of the abrasive grains 20, and the binder is a well-known synthetic paste such as dextrin. A coating layer composed of the vitrified bonding material (inorganic bonding agent) 24 and a bonding agent is formed in a layered manner on the outer surface of the abrasive particles 20, and if necessary, it is dried to impart stronger fluidity. In the filler particle-bonded coating step P2, an inorganic hollow filler 22 composed of, for example, mullite hollow particles and the like is also mixed with the above-mentioned same vitrified bonding material 24 and a well-known binder such as dextrin, thereby A coating layer composed of the vitrified bonding material 24 and a binder is formed in a layered manner on the outer peripheral surface of the inorganic hollow filler 22, and is dried as necessary to impart stronger fluidity.
玻化結合材24係高耐衝擊性及耐熱性優異之玻璃粉末，例如由氧化物組成為SiO2 50~80重量%、B2 O3 10~20重量%、Al2 O3 5~15重量%、選自CaO、MgO、K2 O、Na2 O之金屬氧化物之合計為8~15重量%之玻璃半熔質、或氧化物組成為SiO2 70~90重量%、B2 O3 10~20重量%、Al2 O3 1~5重量%、Na2 O3 1~5重量%之玻璃半熔質等、即於熔融後半熔質化之粉末玻璃構成。又，玻化結合材24亦可於上述粉末玻璃中添加陶土等。又，該玻化結合材24較佳為藉由溼式粉碎獲得之有角的粒子，施加300kg/mm2 成形壓力時之單體體積率為55vol%以上，根據ASTM D2840標準之測定所得之表觀密度(體比重)為1.2以上。The vitrified bonding material 24 is a glass powder having high impact resistance and heat resistance. For example, the oxide composition is SiO 2 50 to 80% by weight, B 2 O 3 10 to 20% by weight, and Al 2 O 3 5 to 15% by weight. %, Glass semi-melt with a total of 8-15% by weight of metal oxides selected from CaO, MgO, K 2 O, and Na 2 O, or 70-90% by weight SiO 2 , B 2 O 3 10 to 20% by weight, Al 2 O 3 1 to 5% by weight, Na 2 O 3 1 to 5% by weight of glass semi-melt, etc., that is, powder glass that is semi-melted after melting. In addition, the vitrified bonding material 24 may be added with clay or the like to the powder glass. The vitrified bonding material 24 is preferably angular particles obtained by wet pulverization, and has a monomer volume ratio of 55 vol% or more when a molding pressure of 300 kg / mm 2 is applied. A table obtained by measurement according to the ASTM D2840 standard. The apparent density (body specific gravity) is 1.2 or more.
磨粒20係具有例如F80至F120範圍內之粒度、例如平均粒徑180μm~106μm左右範圍內之粒徑者，以23~35vol%之比率填充。The abrasive particles 20 are, for example, those having a particle size in the range of F80 to F120, for example, a particle size in the range of an average particle diameter of about 180 μm to 106 μm, and are filled at a ratio of 23 to 35 vol%.
無機中空填料22例如係具備0.5~1.0g/cm3 之表觀密度、0.25~0.45g/cm3 之體密度、70N/mm2 之壓縮強度、1200℃以上之熔點、大致零之吸水率的封閉型中空粒子。Inorganic hollow filler 22 includes, for example, based 0.5 ~ 1.0g / cm 3 of apparent density, 0.25 ~ 0.45g / cm 3 of density, 70N / mm 2 of the compressive strength, above the melting point of 1200 deg.] C, water absorption of the substantially zero Closed hollow particles.
無機中空填料22係以相對於磨粒20之前述磨粒體積率為0.4倍~1.7倍之填料體積率、15~45vol%之容積比率、且相對於磨粒20之體積為0.43~1.67倍之體積比之方式進行調製。The inorganic hollow filler 22 is a filler volume ratio of 0.4 to 1.7 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles relative to the abrasive particles 20, a volume ratio of 15 to 45 vol%, and a volume of 0.43 to 1.67 times the volume of the abrasive particles 20. Volume ratio modulation.
接著，於混合步驟P3中，將分別塗覆有上述塗層之磨粒20與無機中空填料22與眾所周知之糊精等黏結劑一同投入於混合機中，於混合機中均勻地混合。接著，於成形步驟P4中，於用以形成圓筒狀成形空間之特定壓模內填充上述混合材料，藉由加壓機進行加壓而成形。於燒成步驟P5中，將經過成形步驟P4之成形品於特定之燒成爐內，以例如900℃左右之溫度保持0.5小時之燒成條件進行燒結。藉由該燒結，因為黏結劑被燒掉，且玻化結合材24熔融而成為熔融玻璃體，故如圖4之玻化磨石組織圖所示，磨粒20、無機中空填料22經由熔融之玻化結合材24相互結合而形成玻化磨石10。接著，於最後加工步驟P6中，以外周面及端面等外形尺寸成為規定之製品規格之方式使用切削或研磨工具進行機械性最後加工，藉此製造前述玻化磨石10，經由檢查步驟P7後出貨。Next, in the mixing step P3, the abrasive grains 20 and the inorganic hollow fillers 22 respectively coated with the above-mentioned coatings are put into a mixer together with a well-known binder such as dextrin, and uniformly mixed in the mixer. Next, in the molding step P4, the above-mentioned mixed material is filled in a specific stamper for forming a cylindrical molding space, and the molding is performed by pressing with a press. In the firing step P5, the molded product that has undergone the shaping step P4 is sintered in a specific firing furnace under firing conditions that are held at a temperature of about 900 ° C. for 0.5 hours, for example. By this sintering, since the bonding agent is burned off and the vitrified bonding material 24 is melted to become a molten glass body, as shown in the structure chart of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 4, the abrasive particles 20 and the inorganic hollow filler 22 pass through the molten glass. The bonding materials 24 are bonded to each other to form a vitrified grindstone 10. Next, in the final processing step P6, the outer peripheral surface and the end surface are mechanically final processed with a cutting or grinding tool in such a way that the outer dimensions become predetermined product specifications, thereby manufacturing the aforementioned vitrified grindstone 10, and after the inspection step P7, Ship.
根據藉由如上所述製造而具備圖4所示之磨石組織之玻化磨石10，形成有玻化磨石組織，該玻化磨石組織係對研磨性能相對性較大助益之磨粒20和與該磨粒20一同構成磨石組織之無機中空填料22以均質地填滿特定空間內之狀態藉由玻化結合材24結合而成，磨粒20及無機中空填料22藉由前述調配而成為均質，且於磨粒20間經由無機中空填料22形成較均質的距離，研磨燒焦較少發生且可獲得較長的磨石壽命。又，因為磨粒20與無機中空填料22均質地分散，以相互接觸或接近之狀態藉由玻化結合材24結合，故可提高形狀維持性。According to the vitrified grindstone 10 having the grindstone structure shown in FIG. 4 manufactured as described above, a vitrified grindstone structure is formed, and the vitrified grindstone structure is an abrasive grain that is relatively helpful to the grinding performance. 20 and the inorganic hollow filler 22 constituting a grindstone structure together with the abrasive grains 20 are formed by uniformly filling a specific space with the vitrified bonding material 24, and the abrasive grains 20 and the inorganic hollow filler 22 are prepared by the aforementioned formulation. It becomes homogeneous, and a more homogeneous distance is formed between the abrasive grains 20 via the inorganic hollow filler 22, so that grinding and scoring are less likely to occur and a longer grinding stone life can be obtained. In addition, since the abrasive particles 20 and the inorganic hollow filler 22 are homogeneously dispersed, and are bonded to each other by the vitrified bonding material 24 in a state of being in contact with or close to each other, the shape maintaining property can be improved.
本發明人等為了於玻化磨石10之磨石組織中，就磨粒體積率及氣孔形成材之材質變化、磨粒之粒度變化、無機中空填料之體積率變化，分別評價磨粒20之分散性，進行以下所示之均質性評價試驗1、均質性評價試驗2、均質性評價試驗3。於此等試驗中，使用不同組成以與圖3所示相同步驟進行作成，以數位顯微鏡拍攝其等之截面圖像，將由該截面圖像獲得之經二值化處理的黑白截面圖像進行分割，於複數個分割(單位)區域之各者算出白色部分之固形物之面積，作成以面積比率大小為橫軸且分割區域之累計數為縱軸之頻度分佈圖，並以表示分散狀態之值之形式算出該頻度分佈圖之標準偏差σ，使用該標準偏差σ進行均質性之評價試驗。再者，上述分割區域之一邊x例如為磨粒之平均粒徑D與磨粒堆積率Vg之函數(x=(500πD2 /4Vg)0.5 )。標準偏差σ越小，表示玻化磨石10之磨石組織均質性越高。In order to evaluate the change in the volume ratio of abrasive grains and the material of the pore forming material, the change in the particle size of the abrasive grains, and the change in the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler in the grinding stone structure of the vitrified grindstone 10, the present inventors etc. For the dispersibility, the homogeneity evaluation test 1, the homogeneity evaluation test 2, and the homogeneity evaluation test 3 shown below were performed. In these experiments, different compositions were used to make the same steps as shown in FIG. 3, and other cross-sectional images were taken with a digital microscope, and the binarized black-and-white cross-sectional images obtained from the cross-sectional images were segmented. , Calculate the area of the solids in the white part at each of the multiple divided (unit) regions, and make a frequency distribution chart with the area ratio as the horizontal axis and the cumulative number of the divided regions as the vertical axis, and use the value indicating the dispersed state The standard deviation σ of the frequency distribution chart is calculated in the form, and an evaluation test of homogeneity is performed using the standard deviation σ. In addition, one side x of the divided region is, for example, a function (x = (500πD 2 / 4Vg) 0.5 ) of the average particle diameter D of the abrasive grains and the abrasive grain accumulation rate Vg. The smaller the standard deviation σ, the higher the homogeneity of the grindstone structure of the vitrified grindstone 10.
(均質性評價試驗1)
為了評價使磨粒體積率及無機中空填料材質變化時之玻化磨石之均質性，分別製作將代表性之氧化鋁系磨粒之Alundum(註冊商標)之粒度F100之磨粒以磨粒體積率23%、27%、31%、35%(相當於組織20、18、16、14之低磨粒率、即粗組織)與氣孔形成材一同混合，使用與圖3相同步驟作成之玻化磨石試驗片之實施例品1至實施例品4及比較例品1~比較例品3，由該等試驗片之截面圖像如上所述分別測定標準偏差σ。圖5係分別顯示其等試驗片之組成及標準偏差σ，圖6係表示其等之評價結果之圖。於實施例品1至實施例品4中，使用平均粒徑為125μm之莫來石中空粒子(無機中空填料)作為氣孔形成材。相對於此，於比較例品1~比較例品3中，使用平均粒徑為250μm之有機氣孔形成材作為氣孔形成材。若於比較例品1~比較例品3中使用平均粒徑為125μm之有機氣孔形成材，因為磨粒彼此之接點較少，故燒成時之收縮較大、會產生成為磨石破壞起點之裂痕等，故為了避免此情形，使用平均粒徑為250μm之有機氣孔形成材。再者，於圖5中雖未顯示，但填充有10~15vol%範圍內之相互固定比率之玻化結合材。如圖5及圖6所示，於27~35vol%之低磨粒體積率中，使用有機氣孔形成材之比較例品1~比較例品3，燒成收縮相對較大，變得均質，標準偏差σ為10以上，相對於此，於使用無機中空填料之實施例品1~實施例品4中，燒成收縮相對較小，可維持磨粒間隔，標準偏差σ低於10，為7.6~8.4。(Homogeneity evaluation test 1)
In order to evaluate the homogeneity of the vitrified grindstone when the volume ratio of the abrasive grains and the material of the inorganic hollow filler are changed, abrasive grains having a particle size F100 of Alundum (registered trademark), which is a representative type of alumina-based abrasive grains, are prepared to obtain the abrasive grain volume. The rate of 23%, 27%, 31%, 35% (equivalent to the low abrasion rate of the tissues 20, 18, 16, 14), that is, the coarse structure, is mixed with the stomata forming material, and the vitrification made by the same steps as in FIG. 3 is used. The Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 of the grindstone test pieces were measured for the standard deviation σ from the cross-sectional images of the test pieces as described above. FIG. 5 shows the composition and standard deviation σ of the test pieces, and FIG. 6 shows the results of the evaluation. In Example Product 1 to Example 4, mullite hollow particles (inorganic hollow fillers) having an average particle diameter of 125 μm were used as the pore-forming material. On the other hand, in Comparative Example Product 1 to Comparative Example Product 3, an organic pore forming material having an average particle diameter of 250 μm was used as the pore forming material. If the organic pore forming material having an average particle diameter of 125 μm is used in Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 3, since there are fewer contact points between the abrasive grains, the shrinkage during firing will be large, and it will become the starting point of grinding stone failure. In order to avoid such cracks, an organic pore forming material having an average particle diameter of 250 μm is used. In addition, although not shown in FIG. 5, the glass transition bonding material is filled with a mutually fixed ratio in the range of 10 to 15 vol%. As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, in the low abrasive particle volume ratio of 27 to 35 vol%, Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 using organic pore forming materials have relatively large firing shrinkage and become homogeneous. Standard The deviation σ is 10 or more. In contrast, in Examples 1 to 4 using inorganic hollow fillers, the firing shrinkage is relatively small, and the interval between abrasive particles can be maintained. The standard deviation σ is less than 10 and is 7.6 to 8.4.
(均質性評價試驗2)
於用於難研磨材料之研磨加工或槽加工之代表性的氧化鋁系磨粒之Alundum(註冊商標)之粒度F80~F120範圍中，使用與圖3相同步驟分別作成與低磨粒體積率(粗組織)對應之組織16(磨粒體積率31%)之玻化磨石試驗片(實施例品2、實施例品5~實施例品10)，為了評價其等之均質性，由其等試驗片之截面圖像如上所述分別測定標準偏差σ。圖7係分別顯示其等試驗片之組成及標準偏差σ，圖8係表示其等之評價結果之圖。如圖7及圖8所示，於0.6~1.6倍之氣孔形成材與磨粒之粒徑比(=氣孔形成材/粒徑)中，標準偏差σ為10以下、具體而言為6.8~9.4。於圖8中顯示如下傾向：不管磨粒粒度如何，無機中空填料(莫來石中空粒子)與磨粒之粒徑比(=氣孔形成材/粒徑)越小，標準偏差σ越減少。(Homogeneity evaluation test 2)
In the range of particle sizes F80 to F120 of Alundum (registered trademark), which is a representative alumina-based abrasive grain used for grinding or groove processing of difficult-to-abrasive materials, the same steps as in FIG. 3 were used to prepare a low abrasive grain volume ratio ( Coarse texture) vitrified grindstone test piece (example product 2, example product 5 to example product 10) corresponding to tissue 16 (abrasive grain volume ratio 31%), in order to evaluate the homogeneity of these, The cross-sectional images of the test pieces were each measured for the standard deviation σ as described above. FIG. 7 shows the composition and standard deviation σ of the test pieces, and FIG. 8 shows the results of the evaluation. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the standard deviation σ is 10 or less, and specifically 6.8 to 9.4, in the particle size ratio (= porosity forming material / particle size) of the pore forming material to the abrasive grains of 0.6 to 1.6 times. . Fig. 8 shows a tendency that, regardless of the particle size of the abrasive particles, the smaller the particle diameter ratio (= pore-forming material / particle diameter) of the inorganic hollow filler (hollow particles of mullite) to the abrasive particles, the smaller the standard deviation σ.
(均質性評價試驗3)
於用於難研磨材料之研磨加工或槽加工之使用代表性的氧化鋁系磨粒之Alundum(註冊商標)之粒度F100之與低磨粒體積率(粗組織)對應之組織14、16、18、19(磨粒體積率35%、31%、27%、26%)中，使用圖3所示步驟分別製作如圖9所示使無機中空填料之體積率變化之實施例品1~3、實施例品11~21，為評價其等之均質性，由其等試驗片之截面圖像如上所述分別測定標準偏差σ。圖9係分別顯示其等試驗片之組成及標準偏差σ，圖10係表示其等試驗片之評價結果之圖。如圖9及圖10所示，無論於磨粒體積率35%、31%、27%、26%之任一種，無機中空填料(莫來石中空粒子)相對於磨粒之體積比均於0.43~1.67之範圍內，標準偏差σ為8.5以下。圖10中顯示雙曲線狀之傾向特性，於低磨粒體積率(磨粒體積率35%、31%、27%、26%)中，無論磨粒體積率如何，無機中空填料相對於磨粒之體積比越低，標準偏差σ越增加，於該傾向特性之線狀中，即使無機中空填料相對於磨粒之體積比為0.35，亦得到10以下之標準偏差σ。(Homogeneity evaluation test 3)
Structures corresponding to low abrasive grain volume ratio (coarse texture) of Alundum (registered trademark) particle size F100 using representative alumina-based abrasive grains for grinding or groove processing of difficult-to-abrasive materials 14, 16, 18 In 19, 19 (abrasive particle volume ratios of 35%, 31%, 27%, and 26%), the steps shown in FIG. 3 were used to produce Example Products 1 to 3 that change the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler as shown in FIG. 9. In Examples 11 to 21, in order to evaluate their homogeneity, the standard deviation σ was measured from the cross-sectional images of these test pieces as described above. FIG. 9 shows the composition and standard deviation σ of the test pieces, and FIG. 10 shows the evaluation results of the test pieces. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler (hollow particles of mullite) to the abrasive particles is 0.43 regardless of any of the abrasive particle volume ratios of 35%, 31%, 27%, and 26%. In the range of ~ 1.67, the standard deviation σ is 8.5 or less. Figure 10 shows the hyperbola-like tendency characteristics. In the low abrasive grain volume ratio (abrasive grain volume ratio 35%, 31%, 27%, 26%), regardless of the abrasive grain volume ratio, the inorganic hollow filler relative to the abrasive grain The lower the volume ratio, the more the standard deviation σ increases. In the linear shape of this tendency characteristic, even if the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler to the abrasive particles is 0.35, a standard deviation σ of 10 or less is obtained.
接著，本發明人等使用圖3所示步驟分別製作使用Alundum(註冊商標)之磨粒之粒度F80之組織12(磨粒體積率39%)的比較例品4及組織14(磨粒體積率35%)的比較例品5、6及實施例品22，為了評價其等之均質性，由其等試驗片之截面圖像如上所述分別測定σ。比較例品5、6及實施例品22因為玻化結合材之體積比例的變化，而標準偏差σ不同。圖11係分別顯示其等試驗片之組成及標準偏差σ。比較例品4、5、6之標準偏差σ為8.8、11.3、10.6，相對於此，實施例品22之標準偏差σ為10以下之9.8。Next, the present inventors used the procedure shown in FIG. 3 to prepare Comparative Example 4 and Structure 14 (Grit Volume Ratio) of Microstructure 12 (Grit Volume Ratio 39%) using Alundum (registered trademark) abrasive grain size F80. 35%) of Comparative Examples 5, 6 and Example 22, in order to evaluate their homogeneity, σ was measured from the cross-sectional images of these test pieces as described above. In Comparative Examples 5, 6 and Example 22, the standard deviation σ is different because of the change in the volume ratio of the vitrified bonding material. FIG. 11 shows the composition and standard deviation σ of the test pieces. The standard deviations σ of Comparative Examples 4, 5, and 6 were 8.8, 11.3, and 10.6, while the standard deviations σ of Example 22 were 9.8 or less.
接著，本發明人等使用圖11所示之試驗片(比較例品4、比較例品5、比較例品6及實施例品22)，例如按以下所述條件進行圖2之溼式研磨試驗。
(研磨試驗條件)
研磨盤：平面研磨盤
研磨方式：溼式行速
被研磨材料：INCONEL(SPECIAL METALS公司之註冊商標)
平台輸送速度：平均20m/min
切割量：5.5mm/min
磨石尺寸：255×19×76.2(mm)
切削液：水溶性研磨液
磨石周速：45m/secNext, the present inventors used the test pieces (Comparative Example Product 4, Comparative Example Product 5, Comparative Example Product 6, and Example Product 22) shown in FIG. 11 to perform the wet grinding test of FIG. 2 under the following conditions, for example .
(Polishing test conditions)
Grinding disc: Flat grinding disc Grinding method: Wet-type speed-speed material to be ground: INCONEL (registered trademark of SPECIAL METALS)
Platform conveying speed: average 20m / min
Cutting capacity: 5.5mm / min
Grinding stone size: 255 × 19 × 76.2 (mm)
Cutting fluid: water-soluble abrasive, grinding stone, peripheral speed: 45m / sec
圖12係顯示比較例品4與實施例品22之研磨結果、即將比較例品4設為100%時之磨石磨耗體積比(%)之圖。磨石磨耗體積表示玻化磨石之形狀維持性。由圖12可知，實施例品22因為磨石之組織差，形狀維持性比具有相同均質性(10以下標準偏差)之比較例品4優異。FIG. 12 is a graph showing the grinding results of Comparative Example 4 and Example 22, that is, the grinding stone abrasion volume ratio (%) when Comparative Example 4 is set to 100%. The grinding stone abrasion volume indicates the shape maintenance of the vitrified grinding stone. As can be seen from FIG. 12, the product of Example 22 is superior to the product of Comparative Example 4 having the same homogeneity (standard deviation of 10 or less) because of the poor structure of the grindstone.
圖13係顯示比較例品5及比較例品6與實施例品22之研磨結果、即將比較例品5設為100%時之磨石磨耗體積比(%)之圖。由圖13可知，實施例品22因為磨石之均質性，形狀維持性比具有相同組織(磨粒體積率)之比較例品4優異。FIG. 13 is a graph showing the grinding results of Comparative Example Product 5, Comparative Example Product 6 and Example Product 22, that is, the grinding stone abrasion volume ratio (%) when Comparative Example Product 5 was set to 100%. As can be seen from FIG. 13, the product of Example 22 is superior to the product of Comparative Example 4 having the same structure (abrasive particle volume ratio) because of the homogeneity of the grindstone and the shape maintenance property.
圖14、圖15、圖16及圖17分別顯示比較例品4、比較例品5、比較例品6及實施例品22之研磨試驗後之上述被研磨材料之燒焦狀態之照片。於各照片中，白色部分表示燒焦。如圖14、圖15、圖16及圖17所示，實施例品22之研磨燒焦最少，比較例品6及比較例品5依序燒焦變大。此亦表示即使組織(磨粒體積率)相同，磨石之均質性越低，標準偏差越大，燒焦越大。又，實施例品22之研磨燒焦，燒焦比比較例品4少。此表示即使標準偏差為10以下之相同均質性，因為組織差的關係，即磨粒體積率越小，燒焦越少。FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17 respectively show photographs of the burnt state of the above-mentioned material to be ground after the grinding test of Comparative Example 4, Comparative Example 5, Comparative Example 6, and Example 22, respectively. In each photo, the white part indicates burnt. As shown in FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17, the product of Example 22 has the least scorch, and the products of Comparative Example 6 and Product 5 are sequentially burned. This also means that even if the structure (abrasive particle volume ratio) is the same, the lower the homogeneity of the grindstone, the larger the standard deviation, and the larger the scorch. In addition, the scorch of Example 22 was less than that of Comparative Example 4 by polishing. This means that even if the standard deviation is the same homogeneity of 10 or less, it is because of the difference in the structure, that is, the smaller the abrasive grain volume ratio, the less the scorch.
如上所述，根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，磨粒20係以23~35vol%之比率填充，且玻化磨石具備於磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有8.5以下之標準偏差σ的均質性，該磨粒面積率係玻化磨石10之剖面中複數位置之每單位面積之包含前述磨粒之固形物之比率。藉此，因為即使為低磨粒體積率之粗組織，磨石結構之均質性亦較高、可維持形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量減少)，故即使為難研磨材料亦可一面維持形狀維持性，一面抑制被研磨材料發生燒焦。As described above, according to the vitrified grinding stone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, the abrasive grains 20 are filled at a ratio of 23 to 35 vol%, and the vitrified grinding stone is provided in the frequency distribution diagram of the abrasive grain area ratio. Homogeneity with a standard deviation σ of 8.5 or less. The abrasive grain area ratio is the ratio of the solid content of the abrasive grains per unit area at a plurality of positions in the cross section of the vitrified grindstone 10. As a result, even with a coarse structure with a low abrasive grain volume ratio, the grindstone structure has high homogeneity and maintains shape retention (reduction in grinding stone wear), so it is possible to maintain shape retention even for difficult-to-abrasive materials. On the one hand, the burnt material is suppressed from being burnt.
又，根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，無機中空填料22具有相對於磨粒20為1.6倍以下之平均粒徑。因此，可獲得具備均質性較高之磨石結構的氣孔率較高的粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10。In addition, according to the vitrified grindstone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, the inorganic hollow filler 22 has an average particle diameter of 1.6 times or less with respect to the abrasive grains 20. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vitrified grindstone 10 having a coarse structure homogeneous structure having a high porosity and a grindstone structure having a high homogeneity.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，無機中空填料22以相對於磨粒體積率為0.4倍~1.7倍之填料體積率填充。因此，可獲得具備均質性較高之磨石結構的氣孔率較高之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10。According to the vitrified grindstone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, the inorganic hollow filler 22 is filled with a filler volume ratio of 0.4 to 1.7 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a vitrified grindstone 10 having a coarse structure homogeneous structure having a high porosity and a grindstone structure having a high homogeneity.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，玻化結合材(無機結合劑)24係以10~15vol%之體積率混入。由此，可獲得氣孔率較高之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10。According to the vitrified grindstone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure in this embodiment, the vitrified bonding material (inorganic bonding agent) 24 is mixed at a volume ratio of 10 to 15 vol%. Thus, a vitrified grindstone 10 having a coarse structure and a homogeneous structure with a high porosity can be obtained.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，具備於前述磨粒面積率之頻度分佈圖中具有6.5~8.5之標準偏差的均質性。藉此，即使為低磨粒體積率，亦可維持磨石結構之均質性較高之形狀維持性(磨石磨耗量減少)。The vitrified grindstone 10 having a homogeneous structure with a coarse structure according to this embodiment has homogeneity having a standard deviation of 6.5 to 8.5 in the frequency distribution diagram of the area ratio of the abrasive grains. Thereby, even if the volume ratio of the abrasive grains is low, the shape maintaining property with a high homogeneity of the grindstone structure can be maintained (abrasion amount of the grindstone is reduced).
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，因為無機中空填料22以15~45vol%之比率填充，故可獲得低磨粒體積率且高氣孔率之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the vitrified grinding stone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, since the inorganic hollow filler 22 is filled at a ratio of 15 to 45 vol%, the vitrification of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of the low abrasive grain volume rate and high porosity can be obtained. Millstone.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，因為無機中空填料22具有相對於磨粒20為0.6~1.6倍之平均粒徑，故可獲得低磨粒體積率且高氣孔率之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the vitrified grinding stone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, since the inorganic hollow filler 22 has an average particle diameter of 0.6 to 1.6 times that of the abrasive particle 20, a low abrasive particle volume ratio and a high porosity can be obtained. Vitrified grinding stone with coarse structure and homogeneous structure.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，無機中空填料22具有相對於磨粒20之體積率為0.43~1.67倍之體積率，故可獲得低磨粒體積率且高氣孔率之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石。According to the vitrified grinding stone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure of this embodiment, the inorganic hollow filler 22 has a volume ratio of 0.43 to 1.67 times the volume ratio of the abrasive particles 20, so a low abrasive particle volume ratio and a high porosity can be obtained. Vitrified grinding stone with coarse structure and homogeneous structure.
根據本實施例之粗組織均質結構之玻化磨石10，磨粒20為氧化鋁質研磨材料或碳化矽質研磨材料，磨20粒之粒度為F80至F120。藉此，即使被研磨材料為難研磨材料，亦可使用一般磨粒且不會伴隨研磨燒焦地研磨難研磨材料。According to the vitrified grinding stone 10 of the coarse structure homogeneous structure in this embodiment, the abrasive grains 20 are alumina abrasive materials or silicon carbide abrasive materials, and the grain sizes of the 20 abrasive grains are F80 to F120. With this, even if the material to be polished is a difficult-to-abrasive material, ordinary abrasive particles can be used to grind the difficult-to-abrasive material without being accompanied by polishing scorch.
以上，基於圖式說明本發明之一實施例，但本發明亦可應用於其他態樣。In the above, an embodiment of the present invention has been described based on the drawings, but the present invention can also be applied to other aspects.
例如，前述實施例之玻化磨石10雖然例如為圖1所示之圓盤狀，但亦可為杯狀或塊狀等其他形狀。For example, although the vitrified grindstone 10 of the foregoing embodiment has a disc shape as shown in FIG. 1, for example, it may have other shapes such as a cup shape or a block shape.
再者，上述說明僅為一實施形態，雖然沒有例示其他實施形態，但本發明於不脫離其主旨之範圍內可以基於該技術相關業者之知識進行各種變更、改良之態樣進行實施。The above description is only one embodiment. Although other embodiments are not exemplified, the present invention can be implemented with various changes and improvements based on the knowledge of those involved in the technology without departing from the spirit thereof.
10‧‧‧玻化磨石10‧‧‧ vitrified millstone
12‧‧‧安裝孔 12‧‧‧Mounting holes
14‧‧‧外周研磨面 14‧‧‧ peripheral polished surface
16‧‧‧被研磨材料 16‧‧‧ Abrasive material
18‧‧‧角 18‧‧‧ corner
20‧‧‧磨粒 20‧‧‧ abrasive grain
22‧‧‧無機中空填料 22‧‧‧Inorganic hollow filler
24‧‧‧玻化結合材(無機結合劑) 24‧‧‧Vitrified bonding material (inorganic bonding agent)
26‧‧‧氣孔 26‧‧‧ Stomata
P1‧‧‧步驟 P1‧‧‧step
P2‧‧‧步驟 P2‧‧‧step
P3‧‧‧步驟 P3‧‧‧step
P4‧‧‧步驟 P4‧‧‧step
P5‧‧‧步驟 P5‧‧‧step
P6‧‧‧步驟 P6‧‧‧step
P7‧‧‧步驟 P7‧‧‧step
圖1係顯示本實施例之一實施例之多氣孔且均質結構之玻化磨石的前視圖。FIG. 1 is a front view of a vitrified grindstone with a porous structure and a homogeneous structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2係藉由使用圖1之玻化磨石之研磨裝置之研磨例的說明圖。 FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a polishing example using a polishing apparatus using the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1. FIG.
圖3係說明圖1之玻化磨石之製造方法之重要部分之步驟圖。 FIG. 3 is a step diagram illustrating an important part of the manufacturing method of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1. FIG.
圖4係放大說明圖1之玻化磨石之粗組織之示意圖。 FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view illustrating the coarse structure of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1.
圖5係為了確認磨粒體積率與磨石組織均質性之關係，分別顯示將圖1之玻化磨石之組成進行變更而得之複數種試驗片(實施例品1-4、比較例品1-3)之組成及表示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的圖表。 FIG. 5 shows a plurality of test pieces obtained by changing the composition of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1 to confirm the relationship between the volume ratio of the abrasive grains and the homogeneity of the grindstone structure (Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples). 1-3) A graph showing the composition and the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖6係將圖5之試驗結果以表示磨粒體積率的橫軸與表示用以顯示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的縱軸之二維座標顯示之圖。 Fig. 6 is a graph showing the two-dimensional coordinates of the test result of Fig. 5 on the horizontal axis representing the volume ratio of the abrasive grains and the vertical axis representing the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖7係為了顯示無機中空填料相對於磨粒之粒徑比與磨石構成之均質性之關係，分別顯示將圖1之玻化磨石之組成進行變更而得之複數種試驗片(實施例品2、5-10)之組成及表示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的圖表。 FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the particle size ratio of the inorganic hollow filler with respect to the abrasive grains and the homogeneity of the grindstone composition, and shows a plurality of test pieces obtained by changing the composition of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1 (Example Figures 2 and 5-10) are graphs showing the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖8係將圖7之試驗結果以表示無機中空填料相對於磨粒之粒徑比的橫軸與表示用以顯示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的縱軸之二維座標顯示之圖。 FIG. 8 is a graph showing the two-dimensional coordinates of the test result of FIG. 7 on the horizontal axis showing the particle diameter ratio of the inorganic hollow filler with respect to the abrasive grains and the vertical axis showing the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖9係為了確認無機中空填料相對於磨粒之體積比與磨石組織之均質性之關係，分別顯示將圖1之玻化磨石之組成進行變更而得之複數種試驗片(實施例品1-3、11-21)之組成及表示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的圖表。 FIG. 9 shows a plurality of test pieces obtained by changing the composition of the vitrified grindstone of FIG. 1 to verify the relationship between the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler with respect to the abrasive grains and the homogeneity of the grindstone structure. 1-3, 11-21) and the graph showing the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖10係將圖9之試驗結果以表示無機中空填料相對於磨粒之體積比的橫軸與表示用以顯示磨石構成之均質性之標準偏差的縱軸之二維座標顯示之圖。 FIG. 10 is a graph showing the two-dimensional coordinates of the test result of FIG. 9 on the horizontal axis showing the volume ratio of the inorganic hollow filler with respect to the abrasive grains and the vertical axis showing the standard deviation of the homogeneity of the grindstone composition.
圖11係顯示用以評價與形狀維持性相對應之磨石磨耗量而作成的磨石試驗片、即比較例品4-6、及實施例品22之磨粒體積率及均質性(標準偏差)之圖。 FIG. 11 shows the abrasive grain volume ratio and the homogeneity (standard deviation) of the abrasive stone test pieces prepared to evaluate the abrasive wear amount corresponding to the shape maintenance property, that is, Comparative Example 4-6 and Example 22 ).
圖12係對比顯示圖11中磨粒體積率差較大之比較例品4及實施例品22之磨石研磨試驗結果的磨石磨耗量的圖。 FIG. 12 is a graph showing the grinding stone abrasion amount of Comparative Example 4 and Example 22 of Comparative Example 4 and Example 22 having a large difference in volume ratio of abrasive grains.
圖13係對比顯示圖11中均質性差較大之比較例品5、比較例品6及實施例品22之磨石研磨試驗結果的磨石磨耗量的圖。 FIG. 13 is a graph showing the grinding stone abrasion amount of Comparative Example Product 5, Comparative Example Product 6 and Example Product 22 in which the difference in homogeneity is relatively large in FIG. 11.
圖14係顯示圖11之比較例品4之研磨試驗中被研磨材料之燒焦狀態的照片。 FIG. 14 is a photograph showing a burnt state of a material to be ground in a grinding test of Comparative Example 4 of FIG. 11.
圖15係顯示圖11之比較例品5之研磨試驗中被研磨材料之燒焦狀態的照片。 FIG. 15 is a photograph showing a burnt state of a material to be ground in a grinding test of Comparative Example 5 of FIG. 11.
圖16係顯示圖11之比較例品6之研磨試驗中被研磨材料之燒焦狀態的照片。 FIG. 16 is a photograph showing a burnt state of a material to be ground in a grinding test of Comparative Example 6 of FIG. 11.
圖17係顯示圖11之實施例品22之研磨試驗中被研磨材料之燒焦狀態的照片。 FIG. 17 is a photograph showing a scorched state of a material to be ground in a grinding test of Example 22 of FIG. 11. FIG.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-074258 | 2018-04-06 | ||
| JP2018074258A JP2019181613A (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2018-04-06 | Vitrified grindstone of coarse-composition homogeneous structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201943500A true TW201943500A (en) | 2019-11-16 |
Family
ID=68100426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW108110048A TW201943500A (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2019-03-22 | Vitrified grindstone having rough-textured homogeneous structure |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210362298A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2019181613A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20200138393A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN112135710A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201943500A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019193887A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112936121B (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2022-09-23 | 苏州科技大学 | Working layer of superhard abrasive grinding wheel, preparation method of working layer and superhard abrasive grinding wheel |
| CN117415736A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2024-01-19 | 株式会社东京钻石工具制作所 | Synthetic grindstone, synthetic grindstone assembly, and method for manufacturing synthetic grindstone |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6013133B2 (en) | 1977-02-18 | 1985-04-05 | ソニー株式会社 | Combustion pressure indicator for internal combustion engines |
| JPS63256364A (en) * | 1987-04-11 | 1988-10-24 | F S K:Kk | Porous grindstone of super abrasive grain |
| JPH03184771A (en) * | 1989-12-13 | 1991-08-12 | Kurenooton Kk | Porous vitrified grinding wheel and manufacture thereof |
| US5711774A (en) * | 1996-10-09 | 1998-01-27 | Norton Company | Silicon carbide abrasive wheel |
| JP3615084B2 (en) * | 1999-05-11 | 2005-01-26 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | Vitrified grinding wheel manufacturing method |
| US6609963B2 (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2003-08-26 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. | Vitrified superabrasive tool and method of manufacture |
| JP3987719B2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2007-10-10 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | Method for producing porous vitrified grinding wheel and pore forming agent |
| US6988937B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2006-01-24 | Saint-Gobain Abrasives Technology Company | Method of roll grinding |
| TW200538237A (en) * | 2004-04-06 | 2005-12-01 | Kure Norton Co Ltd | Porous vitrified grinding wheel and method for production thereof |
| JP5192763B2 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | Method for producing superabrasive vitrified grinding wheel |
| CN102799793B (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2016-04-27 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | The method and apparatus that cmp clearance calculates |
| JP6013133B2 (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2016-10-25 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | High porosity vitrified wheel, and homogeneity evaluation method of vitrified wheel |
| CN105263659B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2017-05-24 | 丰田汽车北海道有限公司 | Continuous-generation gear-wheel grinding method |
| FI126837B (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2017-06-15 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Composite articles and process for its manufacture |
-
2018
- 2018-04-06 JP JP2018074258A patent/JP2019181613A/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-03-01 US US17/045,598 patent/US20210362298A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-03-01 CN CN201980024619.7A patent/CN112135710A/en active Pending
- 2019-03-01 KR KR1020207031880A patent/KR20200138393A/en unknown
- 2019-03-01 WO PCT/JP2019/008220 patent/WO2019193887A1/en unknown
- 2019-03-22 TW TW108110048A patent/TW201943500A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112135710A (en) | 2020-12-25 |
| WO2019193887A1 (en) | 2019-10-10 |
| JP2019181613A (en) | 2019-10-24 |
| US20210362298A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
| KR20200138393A (en) | 2020-12-09 |
| EP3778120A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105050770B (en) | Bonded abrasive article | |
| JP5539339B2 (en) | High porosity vitrified superabrasive product and manufacturing method | |
| US6702650B2 (en) | Porous abrasive article having ceramic abrasive composites, methods of making, and methods of use | |
| CN1164398C (en) | Method for making microabrasive tools | |
| CN107636109A (en) | Fixed abrasive articles and its forming method | |
| JPH01316174A (en) | Vitrified super grain grindstone | |
| TW201943500A (en) | Vitrified grindstone having rough-textured homogeneous structure | |
| JPH04269171A (en) | Manufacture of grinding car which is glass-bonded | |
| JP2017514780A (en) | Honeycomb structure with cement skin composition containing crystalline inorganic fiber material | |
| US10589401B2 (en) | Sintered vitrified superfinishing grindstone | |
| JP5192763B2 (en) | Method for producing superabrasive vitrified grinding wheel | |
| CN112135708B (en) | High-porosity CBN ceramic grinding stone with homogeneous structure | |
| CN102066055B (en) | Self-bonded foamed abrasive articles and machining with such articles | |
| JP3987719B2 (en) | Method for producing porous vitrified grinding wheel and pore forming agent | |
| JP6013133B2 (en) | High porosity vitrified wheel, and homogeneity evaluation method of vitrified wheel | |
| JP4869695B2 (en) | Vitrified grinding wheel manufacturing method | |
| JPH03184771A (en) | Porous vitrified grinding wheel and manufacture thereof | |
| JP2011140097A (en) | Grindstone | |
| JP6367122B2 (en) | Alumina sintered body, abrasive grains, grindstone, polishing cloth, and method for producing alumina sintered body | |
| JP2008030157A (en) | Porous abrasive wheel and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP2007196317A (en) | Method of manufacturing vitrified superfinishing grinding wheel | |
| JP2022151928A (en) | Metal blade and manufacturing method thereof | |
| EP3231558B1 (en) | A green body, a grinding wheel and a method for manufacturing at least a green body | |
| JP2007176719A (en) | Ceramic porous body | |
| CN108659791A (en) | A kind of triangular pyramid skive abrasive grain and preparation method thereof |