TW201906235A - Antenna and antenna array - Google Patents
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- TW201906235A TW201906235A TW106122018A TW106122018A TW201906235A TW 201906235 A TW201906235 A TW 201906235A TW 106122018 A TW106122018 A TW 106122018A TW 106122018 A TW106122018 A TW 106122018A TW 201906235 A TW201906235 A TW 201906235A
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Abstract
Description
本發明涉及射頻通信領域,尤其涉及一種天線及天線陣列。The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency communications, and in particular, to an antenna and an antenna array.
現階段,隨著通信速度的不斷提升,多天線系統已成為趨勢。然而,多天線系統面臨著很多挑戰。在多天線系統中,隨著天線數量的增加,天線與天線之間的相互影響、干擾也越來越嚴重。且在一般的天線僅能提供一種能量輻射場型,在多天線系統中,就無可避免地使用到更多的天線,如此在有限的空間裡將要容納更多的天線,這就加劇了天線間的相互干擾。于此同時,現有技術中天線的半功率角的範圍也很小。At this stage, as the communication speed continues to increase, multi-antenna systems have become a trend. However, multi-antenna systems face many challenges. In a multi-antenna system, as the number of antennas increases, the mutual influence and interference between the antenna and the antenna become more and more serious. Moreover, in a general antenna, only one type of energy radiation field can be provided. In a multi-antenna system, more antennas are inevitably used, so that more antennas will be accommodated in a limited space, which exacerbates the antenna. Mutual interference. At the same time, the range of the half power angle of the antenna in the prior art is also small.
有鑑於此,有必要提供一種天線及天線陣列,以解決上述缺點。 本發明實施方式提供的一種天線,電性連接於基板,包括:輻射體,第一饋入部,第二饋入部,負載接入部,第一接地部及第二接地部。In view of this, it is necessary to provide an antenna and an antenna array to solve the above disadvantages. An antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is electrically connected to a substrate, and includes: a radiator, a first feeding portion, a second feeding portion, a load access portion, a first ground portion, and a second ground portion.
其中,輻射體的輻射面與基板所在平面平行,以輻射信號。第一饋入部的第一端與輻射體的中心位置電性連接,第一饋入部的第二端用於接收第一饋入信號,以產生第一場型。第二饋入部的第一端與輻射體的第一角電性連接,第二饋入部的第二端用於接收第二饋入信號,以產生第二場型。第一接地部電性連接於輻射體的第二角和基板上的接地平面之間。第二接地部電性連接於輻射體的第三角和接地平面之間。負載接入部電性連接於輻射體的第四角和負載之間,從而實現阻抗匹配。Wherein, the radiation surface of the radiator is parallel to the plane of the substrate to radiate a signal. The first end of the first feeding portion is electrically connected to the central position of the radiator, and the second end of the first feeding portion is for receiving the first feeding signal to generate the first field type. The first end of the second feeding portion is electrically connected to the first corner of the radiator, and the second end of the second feeding portion is for receiving the second feeding signal to generate the second field type. The first ground portion is electrically connected between the second corner of the radiator and the ground plane on the substrate. The second grounding portion is electrically connected between the third corner of the radiator and the ground plane. The load access portion is electrically connected between the fourth corner of the radiator and the load to achieve impedance matching.
優選地,輻射體的輻射面呈正方形。Preferably, the radiating surface of the radiator is square.
優選地,第二角和第三角同在正方形的一條對角線上。Preferably, the second angle and the third angle are on the same diagonal line of the square.
優選地,第一饋入部、第二饋入部、第一接地部、第二接地部和負載接入部皆呈長條形,且皆與輻射體垂直。Preferably, the first feeding portion, the second feeding portion, the first ground portion, the second ground portion and the load access portion are all elongated and perpendicular to the radiator.
優選地,第一接地部與第二接地部平行。Preferably, the first ground portion is parallel to the second ground portion.
優選地,第二饋入部與負載接入部平行。Preferably, the second feed portion is parallel to the load access portion.
優選地,產生第一場型時,第二饋入部與一個負載電性連接。產生所述第二場型時,第一饋入部與一個負載電性連接。Preferably, when the first field type is generated, the second feeding portion is electrically connected to a load. When the second field pattern is generated, the first feed portion is electrically connected to a load.
優選地,在垂直於基板所在平面的輻射場型中, 第一場型的半功率角的角度範圍是從第一角度至第二角度的範圍及從第三角度至第四角度的範圍。第二場型的半功率角的角度範圍是從第二角度至第三角度。其中,第一角度小於第二角度,第二角度小於第三角度,第三角度小於第四角度。Preferably, in the radiation pattern perpendicular to the plane of the substrate, the angular range of the half power angle of the first field type is a range from the first angle to the second angle and a range from the third angle to the fourth angle. The angular range of the half power angle of the second field type is from the second angle to the third angle. The first angle is smaller than the second angle, the second angle is smaller than the third angle, and the third angle is smaller than the fourth angle.
優選地,第一角度至第四角度的角度範圍大於150度。Preferably, the angle range of the first angle to the fourth angle is greater than 150 degrees.
本發明還提供了一種天線陣列,包括複數如上之天線,天線以N×N陣列的形式排列,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行,其中N為正整數,指的是每一行或者每一列的天線的數量。The present invention also provides an antenna array comprising a plurality of antennas as above, the antennas being arranged in an N×N array, the radiating portions of each antenna being parallel to the plane of the substrate, wherein N is a positive integer, referring to each row or The number of antennas in each column.
本發明的天線和天線陣列,既能在較寬的角度範圍輻射信號,也能在一個指向的方向輻射信號。本發明既適用於安裝在天花板上,也適用于安裝於牆壁上。The antenna and antenna array of the present invention are capable of radiating signals over a wide range of angles as well as radiating signals in a direction of pointing. The invention is suitable for installation on the ceiling as well as for mounting on a wall.
請一併參閱圖1至圖3,圖1為本發明天線1一實施方式的示意圖。圖2為本發明天線1一實施方式從上斜著往下看的側視圖。圖3為本發明天線1一實施方式從下斜著往上看的側視圖。Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 together. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna 1 according to the present invention. 2 is a side elevational view of the antenna 1 of the present invention as seen from an obliquely downward direction. Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the antenna 1 of the present invention as seen from obliquely upward.
在本實施方式中,天線1電性連接於基板。基板中設置了接地平面,主要起信號反射作用。天線1包括輻射體10,第一饋入部20,第二饋入部30,負載接入部40,第一接地部50及第二接地部60。輻射體10的輻射面呈正方形。該正方形的四角分別形成為輻射體10的第一角、輻射體10的第二角、輻射體10的第三角及輻射體10的第四角。在其他實施方式,輻射體10的輻射面也可以設置為其他形狀,如四邊形或者其他多邊形等。In the present embodiment, the antenna 1 is electrically connected to the substrate. A ground plane is provided in the substrate, mainly for signal reflection. The antenna 1 includes a radiator 10, a first feeding portion 20, a second feeding portion 30, a load access portion 40, a first ground portion 50, and a second ground portion 60. The radiating surface of the radiator 10 is square. The four corners of the square are formed as a first angle of the radiator 10, a second angle of the radiator 10, a third angle of the radiator 10, and a fourth angle of the radiator 10. In other embodiments, the radiating surface of the radiator 10 may also be provided in other shapes, such as a quadrangle or other polygonal shape.
其中,輻射體10的輻射面與基板所在平面平行,以輻射信號。第一饋入部20的第一端與輻射體10的中心位置電性連接,第一饋入部20的第二端用於接收第一饋入信號,以產生第一場型(如圖4所示)。第二饋入部30的第一端與輻射體10的第一角電性連接,第二饋入部30的第二端用於接收第二饋入信號,以產生第二場型(如圖4所示)。第一接地部50電性連接於輻射體10的第二角和接地平面之間。第二接地部60電性連接於輻射體10的第三角和接地平面之間。負載接入部40電性連接於輻射體10的第四角和負載(圖未示)之間,從而實現阻抗匹配。在本實施方式中,負載的阻值為50歐姆。天線1的工作頻段為5150兆赫茲(MHz)-5850MHz。Wherein, the radiation surface of the radiator 10 is parallel to the plane of the substrate to radiate a signal. The first end of the first feeding portion 20 is electrically connected to the central position of the radiator 10, and the second end of the first feeding portion 20 is for receiving the first feeding signal to generate the first field type (as shown in FIG. 4). ). The first end of the second feeding portion 30 is electrically connected to the first corner of the radiator 10, and the second end of the second feeding portion 30 is for receiving the second feeding signal to generate the second field type (as shown in FIG. 4). Show). The first grounding portion 50 is electrically connected between the second corner of the radiator 10 and the ground plane. The second grounding portion 60 is electrically connected between the third corner of the radiator 10 and the ground plane. The load access portion 40 is electrically connected between the fourth corner of the radiator 10 and a load (not shown) to achieve impedance matching. In the present embodiment, the resistance of the load is 50 ohms. Antenna 1 operates at a frequency range of 5150 megahertz (MHz) to 5850 MHz.
具體地,輻射體10的第二角和輻射體10的第三角同在正方形的一條對角線上,即第一接地部50和第二接地部60分別連接於正方形的對角上。且,第一饋入部20、第二饋入部30、第一接地部50、第二接地部60和負載接入部40皆呈長條形,且皆與輻射體10垂直。第一接地部50與第二接地部60平行。第二饋入部30與負載接入部40平行。本實施方式的天線1的輻射體10可以通過第一饋入部20、第二饋入部30、第一接地部50、第二接地部60與基板接觸。在其他實施方式中,天線1的輻射體10也可以僅通過第一接地部50、第二接地部60與基板接觸。天線1整體尺寸為:長23.5毫米,寬23.5毫米,高4.4毫米。Specifically, the second angle of the radiator 10 and the third angle of the radiator 10 are on the same diagonal line of the square, that is, the first ground portion 50 and the second ground portion 60 are respectively connected to the diagonal of the square. Moreover, the first feeding portion 20, the second feeding portion 30, the first ground portion 50, the second ground portion 60, and the load access portion 40 are all elongated and perpendicular to the radiator 10. The first ground portion 50 is parallel to the second ground portion 60. The second feed portion 30 is parallel to the load access portion 40. The radiator 10 of the antenna 1 of the present embodiment can be in contact with the substrate via the first feeding portion 20, the second feeding portion 30, the first ground portion 50, and the second ground portion 60. In other embodiments, the radiator 10 of the antenna 1 may also be in contact with the substrate only through the first ground portion 50 and the second ground portion 60. The overall size of the antenna 1 is 23.5 mm long, 23.5 mm wide, and 4.4 mm high.
請參閱圖4,圖4為本發明天線1一實施方式二維輻射場型的測量圖。Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a measurement diagram of a two-dimensional radiation pattern of an antenna 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
在本實施方式中,天線1主要通過球座標的方式進行描述。本領域技術人員容易得知,在球座標(Spherical coordinate system)中,球座標表示的是一個點在三維空間的位置的三維正交坐標系。原點到該點的連線,在xy平面的投影線與正 x軸之間的方位角為phi(φ)。在本實施方式的球座標中,基板所在平面作為XY平面,垂直基板所在平面且指向天線1輻射體10的方向為正Z軸方向。如圖4所示,該二維輻射場型的測量圖在phi等於0°時的條件下測量而得,即測得的測量圖為垂直於基板所在平面時的二維輻射場型圖。In the present embodiment, the antenna 1 is mainly described by way of a ball coordinate. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that in a Spherical coordinate system, a spherical coordinate represents a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system of a position of a point in three-dimensional space. The line from the origin to the point, the azimuth between the projection line on the xy plane and the positive x-axis is phi(φ). In the ball coordinates of the present embodiment, the plane in which the substrate is located serves as the XY plane, and the direction in which the vertical substrate is located and directed to the radiator 10 of the antenna 1 is the positive Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the measurement chart of the two-dimensional radiation field type is measured under the condition that phi is equal to 0°, that is, the measured measurement chart is a two-dimensional radiation field pattern perpendicular to the plane of the substrate.
在圖4中,曲線F1表示的是第一場型,曲線F2表示的是第二場型。在本領域技術中,術語半功率角指的是3dB波束寬度或半功率波束寬度。在輻射場型中,把相對最大輻射功率通量密度下降到一半處(即下降為最大值3dB處)的兩點之間的夾角稱為半功率角。而根據圖4,曲線F1與3dB線的交點分別是第一點P1,第二點P2,第三點P3及第四點P4。第一點P1所在的第一角度約為-84°,第二點P2所在的第二角度約為-35°,第三點P3所在的第三角度約為38.5°及第四點P4所在的第四角度約為70°。曲線F2與3dB線的交點也為第二點P2及第三點P3。由此可知,第一場型的半功率角的角度範圍是從第一角度至第二角度的範圍及從第三角度至第四角度的範圍,即大概為-84°至-35°的範圍及38.5°至70°的範圍。因此,第一場型有較寬的信號覆蓋範圍。第二場型的半功率角的角度範圍是從第二角度至第三角度的範圍,即大概為-35°至38.5°的範圍。因此,第二場型有一個指向性的信號覆蓋範圍。從整體上看,上述第一場型的覆蓋範圍加上第二場型的信號覆蓋範圍可以組成一個連續區間的半功率角的覆蓋範圍,即從第一角度至第四角度的範圍皆為本發明天線1的半功率角的覆蓋範圍。因此,本發明天線1的半功率角的覆蓋範圍大於150度。In Fig. 4, the curve F1 represents the first field type, and the curve F2 represents the second field type. In the art, the term half power angle refers to a 3 dB beamwidth or a half power beamwidth. In the radiation pattern, the angle between the two points at which the relative maximum radiation power flux density is reduced to half (i.e., decreased to a maximum of 3 dB) is called the half power angle. According to FIG. 4, the intersection of the curve F1 and the 3dB line is the first point P1, the second point P2, the third point P3 and the fourth point P4, respectively. The first angle at which the first point P1 is located is about -84°, the second angle at which the second point P2 is located is about -35°, the third angle at which the third point P3 is located is about 38.5°, and the fourth point P4 is located. The fourth angle is approximately 70°. The intersection of the curve F2 and the 3dB line is also the second point P2 and the third point P3. It can be seen that the angular range of the half power angle of the first field type is a range from the first angle to the second angle and a range from the third angle to the fourth angle, that is, a range of approximately -84° to -35°. And a range of 38.5 ° to 70 °. Therefore, the first field type has a wider signal coverage. The angular range of the half power angle of the second field type is a range from the second angle to the third angle, that is, a range of approximately -35 to 38.5. Therefore, the second field type has a directional signal coverage. As a whole, the coverage of the first field type plus the signal coverage of the second field type can form a coverage of a half-power angle of a continuous interval, that is, the range from the first angle to the fourth angle is The coverage of the half power angle of the antenna 1 is invented. Therefore, the coverage of the half power angle of the antenna 1 of the present invention is greater than 150 degrees.
在本實施方式中,在產生第一場型時,第二饋入部30與一個負載電性連接。在產生第二場型時,第一饋入部20與一個負載電性連接。當需要進行一個較寬角度範圍的信號輻射時,可以通過產生第一場型實現。當需要進行一個指向性的信號輻射時,可以通過產生第二場型實現。由此可知,與其他一些不具有複數場型的天線相比,本發明的天線1既能在較寬的角度範圍輻射信號,也能在一個指向的方向輻射信號。本發明的天線1既適用於安裝在天花板上,也適用于安裝於牆壁上。In the present embodiment, when the first field type is generated, the second feeding portion 30 is electrically connected to one load. When the second field pattern is generated, the first feed portion 20 is electrically connected to a load. When a wide range of signal radiation needs to be performed, it can be achieved by generating a first field pattern. When a directional signal radiation is required, it can be achieved by generating a second field pattern. It can be seen that the antenna 1 of the present invention can radiate signals over a wide range of angles as well as radiate signals in a direction of pointing, as compared to other antennas that do not have a complex field type. The antenna 1 of the present invention is suitable for mounting on a ceiling as well as for mounting on a wall.
請一併參閱圖5和圖6,圖5為本發明天線1一實施方式輻射第一場型時的回波損耗測量圖,圖6為本發明天線1一實施方式輻射第一場型時的電壓駐波比的測量圖。如圖5和圖6所示,輻射第一場型時的回波損耗(return loss)低於-8dB,同時,電壓駐波比(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR)小於2.2,駐波比較小,反射功率較低,傳輸效率較高。Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 together, FIG. 5 is a measurement diagram of return loss when the first field type of the antenna 1 of the present invention is radiated, and FIG. 6 is an embodiment of the antenna 1 according to the present invention. Measurement chart of voltage standing wave ratio. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the return loss when the first field type is radiated is lower than -8 dB, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 2.2, and the standing wave is relatively small. The reflected power is low and the transmission efficiency is high.
請一併參閱圖7和圖8,圖7為本發明天線1一實施方式輻射第二場型時的回波損耗測量圖。圖8為本發明天線1一實施方式輻射第二場型時的電壓駐波比的測量圖。如圖7和圖8所示,輻射第二場型時的回波損耗(return loss)低於-5dB,同時,電壓駐波比(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, VSWR)小於3.3,駐波比較小,反射功率較低,傳輸效率較高。Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the return loss measurement of the antenna 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention when radiating the second field type. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the measurement of the voltage standing wave ratio when the antenna 1 of the present invention radiates the second field type. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the return loss when the second field type is radiated is lower than -5 dB, and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 3.3, and the standing wave is relatively small. The reflected power is low and the transmission efficiency is high.
請一併參閱圖9,圖10和圖11,請參閱圖9為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式的示意圖。圖10為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。圖11為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。在本實施方式的球座標中,基板所在平面作為XY平面,垂直基板所在平面且指向天線1輻射體10的方向為正Z軸方向。如圖9所示,在本實施方式中,天線陣列3包括九個天線A1-A9。天線A1-A9皆為上述實施方式的天線。九個天線A1-A9以3×3陣列的形式排列。九個天線A1-A9分別設置於九宮格的每一格中,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行。其中,天線A1-A3設置於Y方向的第一排,天線A4-A6設置於Y方向的第二排,天線A7-A9設置於Y方向的第三排。天線A1-A3分別接收相位超前90度的饋入信號,天線A4-A6接收相位為0度的饋入信號,天線A7-A9接收相位滯後90度的饋入信號,以實現對天線陣列3的波束操控或波束成形(beamforming)。根據圖10和圖11可知,本實施方式中的信號能量主要往正X軸方向(phi=0°)傾斜。Referring to FIG. 9 , FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array 3 according to the present invention. Figure 10 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. Figure 11 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. In the ball coordinates of the present embodiment, the plane in which the substrate is located serves as the XY plane, and the direction in which the vertical substrate is located and directed to the radiator 10 of the antenna 1 is the positive Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 9, in the present embodiment, the antenna array 3 includes nine antennas A1-A9. The antennas A1 to A9 are all the antennas of the above embodiments. The nine antennas A1-A9 are arranged in a 3 x 3 array. Nine antennas A1-A9 are respectively arranged in each of the nine squares, and the radiating portions of each antenna are parallel to the plane of the substrate. The antennas A1-A3 are disposed in the first row in the Y direction, the antennas A4-A6 are disposed in the second row in the Y direction, and the antennas A7-A9 are disposed in the third row in the Y direction. The antennas A1-A3 receive the feed signal with a phase advance of 90 degrees, the antennas A4-A6 receive the feed signal with a phase of 0 degrees, and the antennas A7-A9 receive the feed signal with a phase delay of 90 degrees to realize the antenna array 3 Beam steering or beamforming. 10 and 11, the signal energy in the present embodiment is mainly inclined in the positive X-axis direction (phi = 0°).
請一併參閱圖12,圖13和圖14,請參閱圖12為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式的示意圖。圖13為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。圖14為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。在本實施方式的球座標中,基板所在平面作為XY平面,垂直基板所在平面且指向天線輻射體10的方向為正Z軸方向。如圖12所示,在本實施方式中,天線陣列3包括九個天線A1-A9。天線A1-A9皆為上述實施方式的天線。九個天線A1-A9以3×3陣列的形式排列。九個天線A1-A9分別設置於九宮格的每一格中,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行。其中,天線A1-A3設置於Y方向的第一排,天線A4-A6設置於Y方向的第二排,天線A7-A9設置於Y方向的第三排。天線A1、A4、A7分別接收相位超前90度的饋入信號,天線A2、A5、A8接收相位為0度的饋入信號,天線A3、A6、A9接收相位滯後90度的饋入信號,以實現對天線陣列3的波束操控或波束成形。根據圖13和圖14可知,本實施方式中的信號能量主要往正Y軸方向(phi=90°)傾斜。Referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array 3 according to the present invention. Figure 13 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. Figure 14 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. In the ball coordinates of the present embodiment, the plane in which the substrate is located serves as an XY plane, and the direction in which the vertical substrate is located and directed to the antenna radiator 10 is the positive Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the antenna array 3 includes nine antennas A1-A9. The antennas A1 to A9 are all the antennas of the above embodiments. The nine antennas A1-A9 are arranged in a 3 x 3 array. Nine antennas A1-A9 are respectively arranged in each of the nine squares, and the radiating portions of each antenna are parallel to the plane of the substrate. The antennas A1-A3 are disposed in the first row in the Y direction, the antennas A4-A6 are disposed in the second row in the Y direction, and the antennas A7-A9 are disposed in the third row in the Y direction. The antennas A1, A4, and A7 receive the feed signal with a phase advance of 90 degrees, the antennas A2, A5, and A8 receive the feed signal with a phase of 0 degrees, and the antennas A3, A6, and A9 receive the feed signal with a phase delay of 90 degrees. Beam steering or beamforming of the antenna array 3 is achieved. 13 and 14, the signal energy in the present embodiment is mainly inclined in the positive Y-axis direction (phi=90°).
請一併參閱圖15,圖16和圖17,請參閱圖15為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式的示意圖。圖16為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。圖17為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。在本實施方式的球座標中,基板所在平面作為XY平面,垂直基板所在平面且指向天線輻射體10的方向為正Z軸方向。如圖15所示,在本實施方式中,天線陣列3包括九個天線A1-A9。天線A1-A9皆為上述實施方式的天線。九個天線A1-A9以3×3陣列的形式排列。九個天線A1-A9分別設置於九宮格的每一格中,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行。其中,天線A1-A3設置於Y方向的第一排,天線A4-A6設置於Y方向的第二排,天線A7-A9設置於Y方向的第三排。天線A1-A3分別接收相位滯後90度的饋入信號,天線A4-A6接收相位為0度的饋入信號,天線A7-A9接收相位超前90度的饋入信號,以實現對天線陣列3的波束操控或波束成形。根據圖16和圖17可知,本實施方式中的信號能量主要往負X軸方向(phi=180°)傾斜。Referring to FIG. 15 , FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 , FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array 3 according to the present invention. Figure 16 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. Figure 17 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. In the ball coordinates of the present embodiment, the plane in which the substrate is located serves as an XY plane, and the direction in which the vertical substrate is located and directed to the antenna radiator 10 is the positive Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 15, in the present embodiment, the antenna array 3 includes nine antennas A1-A9. The antennas A1 to A9 are all the antennas of the above embodiments. The nine antennas A1-A9 are arranged in a 3 x 3 array. Nine antennas A1-A9 are respectively arranged in each of the nine squares, and the radiating portions of each antenna are parallel to the plane of the substrate. The antennas A1-A3 are disposed in the first row in the Y direction, the antennas A4-A6 are disposed in the second row in the Y direction, and the antennas A7-A9 are disposed in the third row in the Y direction. The antennas A1-A3 receive the feed signals with a phase lag of 90 degrees, the antennas A4-A6 receive the feed signals with a phase of 0 degrees, and the antennas A7-A9 receive the feed signals with a phase of 90 degrees to achieve the antenna array 3. Beam steering or beamforming. 16 and 17, the signal energy in the present embodiment is mainly inclined in the negative X-axis direction (phi = 180°).
請一併參閱圖18,圖19和圖20,請參閱圖18為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式的示意圖。圖19為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。圖20為本發明天線陣列3一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。在本實施方式的球座標中,基板所在平面作為XY平面,垂直基板所在平面且指向天線輻射體10的方向為正Z軸方向。如圖18所示,在本實施方式中,天線陣列3包括九個天線A1-A9。天線A1-A9皆為上述實施方式的天線。九個天線A1-A9以3×3陣列的形式排列。九個天線A1-A9分別設置於九宮格的每一格中,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行。其中,天線A1-A3設置於Y方向的第一排,天線A4-A6設置於Y方向的第二排,天線A7-A9設置於Y方向的第三排。天線A1、A4、A7分別接收相位滯後90度的饋入信號,天線A2、A5、A8接收相位為0度的饋入信號,天線A3、A6、A9接收相位超前90度的饋入信號,以實現對天線陣列3的波束操控或波束成形。根據圖19和圖20可知,本實施方式中的信號能量主要往負Y軸方向(phi=270°)傾斜。Referring to FIG. 18, FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array 3 according to the present invention. Figure 19 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. Figure 20 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array 3 of the present invention. In the ball coordinates of the present embodiment, the plane in which the substrate is located serves as an XY plane, and the direction in which the vertical substrate is located and directed to the antenna radiator 10 is the positive Z-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 18, in the present embodiment, the antenna array 3 includes nine antennas A1-A9. The antennas A1 to A9 are all the antennas of the above embodiments. The nine antennas A1-A9 are arranged in a 3 x 3 array. Nine antennas A1-A9 are respectively arranged in each of the nine squares, and the radiating portions of each antenna are parallel to the plane of the substrate. The antennas A1-A3 are disposed in the first row in the Y direction, the antennas A4-A6 are disposed in the second row in the Y direction, and the antennas A7-A9 are disposed in the third row in the Y direction. The antennas A1, A4, and A7 respectively receive the feed signal with a phase lag of 90 degrees, the antennas A2, A5, and A8 receive the feed signal with a phase of 0 degrees, and the antennas A3, A6, and A9 receive the feed signal with a phase of 90 degrees, Beam steering or beamforming of the antenna array 3 is achieved. 19 and 20, the signal energy in the present embodiment is mainly inclined in the negative Y-axis direction (phi = 270°).
在以上天線陣列3的實施方式中,天線陣列3中的天線A1-A9皆通過第二饋入部饋入信號,在其他實施方式中,本發明的天線還可以以N×N陣列的形式排列,每個天線的輻射部皆與基板所在平面平行,其中N為正整數,指的是每一行或者每一列的天線的數量。在其他實施方式中,也可以根據需求通過上述的第一饋入部輸入信號。本發明的天線1和天線陣列3,既能在較寬的角度範圍輻射信號,也能在一個指向的方向輻射信號。本發明既適用於安裝在天花板上,也適用于安裝於牆壁上。In the above embodiment of the antenna array 3, the antennas A1-A9 in the antenna array 3 are all fed with signals through the second feeding portion. In other embodiments, the antennas of the present invention may also be arranged in an N×N array. The radiating portion of each antenna is parallel to the plane of the substrate, where N is a positive integer and refers to the number of antennas per row or column. In other embodiments, the signal may be input through the first feeding unit as described above. The antenna 1 and the antenna array 3 of the present invention can radiate signals over a wide range of angles as well as radiate signals in a direction of pointing. The invention is suitable for installation on the ceiling as well as for mounting on a wall.
1,A1-A9‧‧‧天線 1, A1-A9‧‧‧ antenna
2‧‧‧基板 2‧‧‧Substrate
3‧‧‧天線陣列 3‧‧‧Antenna array
10‧‧‧輻射體 10‧‧‧ radiator
20‧‧‧第一饋入部 20‧‧‧First Feeding Department
30‧‧‧第二饋入部 30‧‧‧Second Feeding Department
40‧‧‧負載接入部 40‧‧‧Load Access Department
50‧‧‧第一接地部 50‧‧‧First grounding
60‧‧‧第二接地部 60‧‧‧Second grounding
P1‧‧‧第一點 P1‧‧‧ first point
P2‧‧‧第二點 P2‧‧‧ second point
P3‧‧‧第三點 P3‧‧‧ third point
P4‧‧‧第四點 P4‧‧‧ fourth point
F1,F2‧‧‧曲線 F1, F2‧‧‧ curve
圖1為本發明天線一實施方式的示意圖。1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna of the present invention.
圖2為本發明天線一實施方式從上斜著往下看的側視圖。2 is a side elevational view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention as seen obliquely from above.
圖3為本發明天線一實施方式從下斜著往上看的側視圖。Figure 3 is a side elevational view of an embodiment of the antenna of the present invention as seen from obliquely upward.
圖4為本發明天線一實施方式二維輻射場型的測量圖。4 is a measurement diagram of a two-dimensional radiation pattern of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖5為本發明天線一實施方式輻射第一場型時的回波損耗測量圖。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the return loss measurement of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention when the first field type is radiated.
圖6為本發明天線一實施方式輻射第一場型時的電壓駐波比的測量圖。Fig. 6 is a graph showing the measurement of the voltage standing wave ratio when the antenna of the first embodiment of the antenna of the present invention is radiated.
圖7為本發明天線一實施方式輻射第二場型時的回波損耗測量圖。Fig. 7 is a graph showing the return loss measurement when the second field type of the antenna of the present invention is radiated.
圖8為本發明天線一實施方式輻射第二場型時的電壓駐波比的測量圖。Fig. 8 is a graph showing the measurement of the voltage standing wave ratio when the second field type of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is radiated.
圖9為本發明天線陣列一實施方式的示意圖。9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array of the present invention.
圖10為本發明天線陣列一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 10 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖11為本發明天線陣列一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 11 is a graph showing the measurement of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖12為本發明天線陣列一實施方式的示意圖。12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array of the present invention.
圖13為本發明天線陣列一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 13 is a graph showing the measurement of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖14為本發明天線陣列一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 14 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖15為本發明天線陣列一實施方式的示意圖。15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna array of the present invention.
圖16為本發明天線陣列一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 16 is a graph showing the measurement of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖17為本發明天線陣列一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 17 is a graph showing the measurement of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖18為本發明天線陣列一實施方式的示意圖。Figure 18 is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of an antenna array of the present invention.
圖19為本發明天線陣列一實施方式XZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 19 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the XZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
圖20為本發明天線陣列一實施方式YZ平面的輻射場型的測量圖。Figure 20 is a measurement diagram of the radiation pattern of the YZ plane of an embodiment of the antenna array of the present invention.
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