TW201841706A - Method of arc welding hot-dip galvanized steel plate and method of producing welded member - Google Patents
Method of arc welding hot-dip galvanized steel plate and method of producing welded member Download PDFInfo
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- TW201841706A TW201841706A TW107106356A TW107106356A TW201841706A TW 201841706 A TW201841706 A TW 201841706A TW 107106356 A TW107106356 A TW 107106356A TW 107106356 A TW107106356 A TW 107106356A TW 201841706 A TW201841706 A TW 201841706A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法以及熔接部件的製造方法。The present invention relates to an arc welding method for depositing a molten zinc-based steel sheet and a method of manufacturing the welded member.
鍍熔融鋅(Zn)系鋼板由於其耐蝕性良好，因而被使用在建築部件或是汽車部件為首等廣泛用途。其中，含有鋁(Al)1質量%以上的鍍熔融鋅(Zn)-鋁(Al)-鎂(Mg)鋼板，可經過長期間維持良好耐蝕性，因此，作為代替以往的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的材料而增加其需求。此外，於以往的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板中鍍層中的鋁濃度通常為0.3質量%以下(參考日本工業標準JIS G3302)。The molten zinc-plated (Zn)-based steel sheet is widely used for construction parts or automobile parts because of its excellent corrosion resistance. Among them, a molten zinc (Zn)-aluminum (Al)-magnesium (Mg) steel sheet containing 1% by mass or more of aluminum (Al) can maintain good corrosion resistance over a long period of time, and therefore, it is used as a substitute for the conventional molten zinc-based steel sheet. The material increases its demand. In addition, the aluminum concentration in the plating layer of the conventional molten zinc-based steel sheet is usually 0.3% by mass or less (refer to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS G3302).
鍍熔融鋅系鋼板使用於建築部件、汽車部件中時，多為使用電弧熔接(電弧焊接)法來組裝。然而，若將鍍熔融鋅系鋼板進行電弧熔接，通常會明顯地發生飛濺、凹穴、以及氣泡(以下若無特別記載則氣泡意指包含凹穴情況)，電弧熔接性差。此為由於相較於鐵(Fe)的融點(約1538℃)來說，鋅的沸點(906℃)較低，於電弧熔接時產生鋅蒸氣而使電弧不穩定，因而容易產生飛濺以及氣泡。此外，飛濺指的是熔接時飛散的鋼片或是金屬粒等的熔接殘渣。氣泡指的是包含在焊珠中的氣孔。此焊珠指的是熔接時熔融的金屬(母材一部分與熔接金屬之互熔部分)冷卻固化後的部分，將同為被熔接材料之彼此以治金性質方式作接合的熔接金屬。此外，凹穴意指因焊珠表面出現之氣孔所形成的凹陷。When a molten zinc-based steel sheet is used for building parts or automobile parts, it is often assembled by an arc welding (arc welding) method. However, when the molten zinc-plated steel sheet is subjected to arc welding, splashes, pits, and air bubbles are usually generated (hereinafter, the bubble means that the cavity is included unless otherwise specified), and the arc welding property is inferior. This is because the boiling point of zinc (906 ° C) is lower than that of iron (Fe) (about 1538 ° C), and zinc vapor is generated during arc welding to make the arc unstable, so that splashing and bubbles are easily generated. . Further, the splash refers to a steel scrap or a weld residue such as a metal pellet which is scattered during welding. Bubbles refer to the pores contained in the beads. The bead refers to a portion of the molten metal (the interfabricated portion of the base material and the fusing metal) which is melted and solidified after being cooled, and which is a welded metal which is bonded to each other in a metallurgical manner by the welded material. Further, the recess means a depression formed by the pores appearing on the surface of the bead.
若飛濺附著於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍面上，則不但熔接部外觀受損，該飛濺所附著的部分即為腐蝕的起點。因此，若飛濺大量附著的話會有耐蝕性明顯降低的問題。此外，還需要以線刷等去除飛濺的製程，增加成本。另一方面，若氣泡的發生顯著，則有熔接強度降低之問題。When the splash adheres to the plated surface of the molten zinc-based steel sheet, the appearance of the welded portion is not impaired, and the portion to which the splash adheres is the starting point of corrosion. Therefore, if a large amount of spatter is attached, there is a problem that the corrosion resistance is remarkably lowered. In addition, it is also necessary to remove the splash process by a wire brush or the like to increase the cost. On the other hand, if the occurrence of bubbles is remarkable, there is a problem that the welding strength is lowered.
特別是，要求長期耐久性的部件當中，雖然使用每單面的鍍覆附著量為90g/m2 以上的厚鍍型熔融鋅系鋼板，但由於每單面的鍍覆附著量變得越大，電弧熔接時的鋅蒸氣量就越多，因此飛濺以及氣泡的發生也就更為顯著。In particular, in the case of a member requiring long-term durability, a thick-plated molten zinc-based steel sheet having a plating adhesion amount of 90 g/m 2 or more per one surface is used, but the amount of plating adhesion per one surface is increased. The more the amount of zinc vapor is when the arc is welded, the more the splash and the occurrence of bubbles occur.
此外，本說明書當中，關於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的每單面之鍍覆附著量的多寡，將鍍覆附著量少者以「薄鍍型」、鍍覆附著量多者以「厚鍍型」來記載稱之。In addition, in the present specification, the amount of plating adhesion per one side of the molten zinc-based steel sheet is "thin-plated", and the amount of plating adhesion is "thick-plated". To record it.
作為在熔接鍍熔融鋅系鋼板時，抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生之方法，有人提案了一種以熔接線(焊絲)為電極的脈衝電弧熔接法。根據此脈衝電弧熔接法，可抑制由作為電極的熔接線至母材的熔滴過渡為噴射過渡(spray transfer)，熔滴係為小顆粒，飛濺得以抑制。此外，因脈衝電弧而使熔池(凝固前的焊珠部分)被攪拌，而同時熔池被往下壓，熔池變薄，促使鋅蒸氣的排出而抑制了氣泡的產生。As a method of suppressing generation of spatter and bubbles when welding a molten zinc-based steel sheet, a pulse arc welding method using a weld line (wire) as an electrode has been proposed. According to this pulse arc welding method, the droplet transfer from the weld line as the electrode to the base material can be suppressed from being a spray transfer, and the droplet is a small particle, and the splash is suppressed. Further, the molten pool (the portion of the bead before solidification) is stirred by the pulse arc, and at the same time, the molten pool is pressed downward, and the molten pool is thinned to promote the discharge of the zinc vapor to suppress the generation of bubbles.
例如專利文獻1、2中揭露了一種脈衝電弧熔接法，其將熔接線組成，以及峰值電流、峰值期間、以及頻率數等之脈衝波形控制於適當範圍內來抑制飛濺。For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a pulse arc welding method in which a weld line is composed, and pulse waveforms such as a peak current, a peak period, and a frequency number are controlled within an appropriate range to suppress spatter.
[先前技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本特開平9-206984號公報(1997年8月12日公開) [專利文獻2]日本特開2013-184216號公報(2013年9月19日公開)[PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 9-206984 (published on August 12, 1997) [Patent Document 2] JP-A-2013-184216 (September 19, 2013) Open day)
[發明所欲解決的問題] 然而，專利文獻1、2當中，僅揭露了每單面的鍍覆附著量為45g/m2 的薄鍍型鍍熔融鋼板的實施例，並沒有記載厚鍍型鍍熔融鋅系鋼板中的飛濺及氣泡的抑制方法。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, only the examples of the thin plated molten steel plate having a plating adhesion amount of 45 g/m 2 per one surface are disclosed, and the thick plating type is not described. A method of suppressing spatter and bubbles in a molten zinc-based steel sheet.
如上所述，鍍熔融鋅系鋼板雖然鍍覆附著量越多，其耐蝕性越好，但電弧熔接時顯著地產生飛濺及氣泡，使得熔接部外觀以及熔接強度降低。本發明有鑑於如此現狀，以提供一種鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法以及熔接部件的製造方法為目的，即使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型，仍可於電弧熔接中抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生，使其具有良好的熔接部外觀及熔接強度。As described above, the more the plating adhesion amount of the molten zinc-based steel sheet, the better the corrosion resistance, but splashing and air bubbles are remarkably generated during arc welding, and the appearance of the welded portion and the welding strength are lowered. In view of the circumstances, the present invention provides an arc welding method for depositing a molten zinc-based steel sheet and a method for producing a welded member. Even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type, spatter and bubbles can be suppressed in arc welding. Produced to have a good weld appearance and weld strength.
[用於解決課題的手段] 本案發明人進行詳細研究的結果，關於在鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接當中，使用脈衝電弧熔接法來進行電弧熔接，就此獲得以下的見解。也就是說，因應保護氣體中的二氧化碳(CO2 )濃度而對脈衝週期作適當地設定，藉此抑制電弧不穩定(難以進行噴射過渡)，而同時可防止熔接線的前端與熔池的短路，因而得到了新的見解：鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍覆附著量由薄鍍型到厚鍍型都可抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生。因而基於此見解而進一步地完成本發明。[Means for Solving the Problem] As a result of detailed investigation, the inventors of the present invention obtained the following findings by performing arc welding using a pulse arc welding method in arc welding of a molten zinc-based steel sheet. That is, the pulse period is appropriately set in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in the shielding gas, thereby suppressing arc instability (difficult to perform injection transition) while preventing short-circuiting of the front end of the weld line and the molten pool. Therefore, new insights have been obtained: the plating amount of the plated molten zinc-based steel sheet can suppress the generation of splashes and bubbles from the thin plating type to the thick plating type. The present invention has thus been further completed based on this finding.
即，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，其藉由交互地供給峰值電流與基值電流以產生電弧的脈衝電弧熔接法，來熔接同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此，其包含以下製程：噴出氬(Ar)加上二氧化碳(CO2 )之混合氣體作為保護氣體；及以根據該保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度所設定的週期而使脈衝電弧產生。That is, an arc welding method for a molten zinc-based steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention is to weld a molten zinc-based steel sheet by a pulse arc welding method in which a peak current and a base current are alternately supplied to generate an arc. Each of them includes a process in which a mixed gas of argon (Ar) plus carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is sprayed as a shielding gas; and a pulsed arc is generated in a cycle set according to the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas.
此外，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，較佳為：將由熔接線的前端起，至作為熔接對象之同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部中熔接對象部的距離，設為該熔接線與於接觸部中產生的熔池互相不短路的長度，且電弧不熄滅的長度，以熔接同為該鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the welding target is formed in the contact portion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet which is the same as the welding target from the tip end of the welding line. The distance between the portions is such that the weld line and the molten pool generated in the contact portion are not short-circuited to each other, and the length at which the arc is not extinguished is the same as the molten zinc-based steel sheets.
此外，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，較佳為：該二氧化碳(CO2 )濃度為5體積%以上30體積%以下，且，該脈衝電弧之週期係調整至下述公式(1)所示範圍內。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration is 5 vol% or more and 30 vol% or less, and the period of the pulse arc is adjusted to Within the range shown by the following formula (1).
1≦f≦-0.4CC02 +22 ・・・(1) 於此， f：脈衝週期 Cco2 ：保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度(體積%)， 此外，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，較佳為由該熔接線的前端至該熔接對象的距離為2mm以上20mm以下。1≦f≦-0.4C C02 +22 ・(1) Here, f: pulse period Cco 2 : carbon dioxide concentration (% by volume) in the shielding gas, and in addition, the molten zinc plating in one aspect of the present invention In the arc welding method of the steel sheet, the distance from the tip end of the weld line to the welding target is preferably 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
此外，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，較佳為該峰值電流為350A以上650A以下。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the peak current is 350 A or more and 650 A or less.
進一步地，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，亦可為：該鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍層係以鋅為主成分，並含有1.0質量%以上22.0質量%以下的鋁。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to the aspect of the invention, the plating layer of the molten zinc-based steel sheet may be composed mainly of zinc and contains 1.0% by mass or more and 22.0% by mass or less. aluminum.
進一步地，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，亦可為：該鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍層含有0.05質量%以上10.0質量%以下的鎂。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to the aspect of the invention, the plating layer of the molten zinc-based steel sheet may contain 0.05% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less of magnesium.
進一步地，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，亦可為：該鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍層之組成為滿足選自下列群組中其中之一個以上之條件：0.002-0.1質量%的鈦(Ti)、0.001-0.05質量%的硼(B)、0-2.0質量%的矽(Si)、及0-2.5質量%的鐵(Fe)。Further, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet in one aspect of the present invention, the plating layer of the molten zinc-based steel sheet may have a composition satisfying one or more of the following groups: 0.002 -0.1% by mass of titanium (Ti), 0.001 to 0.05% by mass of boron (B), 0 to 2.0% by mass of cerium (Si), and 0 to 2.5% by mass of iron (Fe).
此外，本發明一態樣之鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法可以下述內容之方式進行電弧熔接：以下述公式(2)表示的氣泡佔有率Br為30%以下，且以焊珠為中心、長100mm、寬100mm區域的飛濺附著數量為20個以下，Further, the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention can be subjected to arc welding in such a manner that the bubble occupancy ratio Br represented by the following formula (2) is 30% or less and is centered on the bead. The number of splashes in the area of 100 mm long and 100 mm wide is 20 or less.
Br = (Σdi / L)×100 ・・・(2) (於此， di：該焊珠中所觀察到的第i個氣泡之長度 L：焊珠之長度)。Br = (Σdi / L) × 100 ・ (2) (here, di: the length of the i-th bubble observed in the bead L: the length of the bead).
本發明一態樣中熔接部件的製造方法，其特徵為：使同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此藉由脈衝電弧熔接法進行熔接，該鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的每單面的鍍覆附著量為15g/m2 以上250g/m2 以下，該製造方法包含以下製程：噴出氬氣加上二氧化碳的混和氣體作為保護氣體；及以該保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度所設定之週期， 來產生脈衝電弧。其中，由熔接線前端起，至作為熔接對象的、同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部中熔接對象部的距離為2mm以上20mm以下，產生脈衝電弧的熔接電流的峰值電流為350A以上650A以下，保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度為5體積%以上30體積%以下，且該脈衝電弧的週期調整在下述公式(1)範圍內。In a method of manufacturing a welded component according to an aspect of the present invention, a molten zinc-based steel sheet is welded to each other by a pulse arc welding method, and a plating amount per one side of the molten zinc-based steel sheet is applied. When the pressure is 15 g/m 2 or more and 250 g/m 2 or less, the manufacturing method includes the following processes: a mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide is sprayed as a shielding gas; and a pulse arc is generated at a cycle set by the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas. . In the contact portion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet which is the target of welding, the distance between the welding target portion and the welding target portion is 2 mm or more and 20 mm or less, and the peak current of the welding current in which the pulse arc is generated is 350 A or more. 650A or less, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is 5% by volume or more and 30% by volume or less, and the period of the pulse arc is adjusted within the range of the following formula (1).
1≦f≦-0.4CC02 +22 ・・・(1) (於此， f：脈衝週期(ms) CCO2 ：保護氣體中的CO2 濃度(體積%))。1≦f≦-0.4C C02 +22 ・・・(1) (here, f: pulse period (ms) C CO2 : CO 2 concentration (% by volume) in the shielding gas).
[發明功效] 根據本發明的一態樣可提供一種具有良好的熔接部外觀及熔接強度的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法以及熔接部件的製造方法，其中，鍍熔融鋅系鋼板即使為厚鍍型，也能夠在電弧熔接時抑制飛濺及氣泡。[Effect of the Invention] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an arc welding method for a molten zinc-based steel sheet having a good welded portion appearance and a fusion strength, and a method for producing a welded member, wherein the molten zinc-based steel sheet is thick even if The plating type also suppresses splashes and bubbles when the arc is welded.
以下說明關於本發明的實施型態。此外，以下的記載內容僅為促使對於本發明主旨之充分理解，若無特別的指定，則並不限定本發明。此外，於本說明書中，「A-B」指的是A以上B以下之意涵。The following describes the embodiment of the invention. In addition, the following description is only intended to fully understand the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto unless otherwise specified. In addition, in this specification, "A-B" means the meaning of A or more B or less.
於以下說明當中，為使容易理解本發明實施型態中鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，首先，先根據圖1及圖2來說明一般的脈衝電弧熔接法之概要。本發明實施型態中的脈衝電弧熔接之原理，與一般的脈衝電弧熔接法之原理相同。In the following description, in order to make it easy to understand the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet in the embodiment of the present invention, first, an outline of a general pulse arc welding method will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 . The principle of pulse arc welding in the embodiment of the present invention is the same as the principle of the general pulse arc welding method.
圖1係為脈衝電弧熔接法中脈衝電流波形的概略示意圖。如圖1所示，脈衝電弧熔接法為反覆地交互供給峰值電流IP與基值電流IB的電弧熔接法，峰值電流IP設定為熔滴噴射過渡的臨界電流以上。將峰值電流IP流動時間設為峰值期間PP，將峰值電流IP與基值電流IB所構成的脈衝電流的脈衝週期設為週期f。若將峰值電流IP設定為臨界電流以上，則會產生基於電磁力而縮緊線前端的熔滴之效果(電磁收縮效應)。基於此電磁收縮效應，熔接線前端的熔滴會產生收縮，使得熔滴小顆粒化、且因循每週期地、正規的熔滴過渡(噴射過渡)得以進行。藉此，熔滴得以順暢地過渡為熔池，抑制飛濺的產生。Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a pulse current waveform in a pulse arc welding method. As shown in FIG. 1, the pulse arc welding method is an arc welding method in which the peak current IP and the base current IB are alternately supplied alternately, and the peak current IP is set to be equal to or higher than the critical current of the droplet injection transition. The peak current IP flow time is set to the peak period PP, and the pulse period of the pulse current composed of the peak current IP and the base current IB is set to the period f. When the peak current IP is set to be equal to or higher than the critical current, an effect (electromagnetic contraction effect) of shrinking the tip of the wire based on the electromagnetic force is generated. Based on this electromagnetic contraction effect, the droplets at the front end of the weld line are contracted, so that the droplets are smallly granulated, and regular droplet transfer (jet transition) is performed every cycle. Thereby, the droplets smoothly transition into the molten pool, suppressing the generation of splash.
圖2係為脈衝電弧熔接現象的剖面概略示意圖。於此以搭接接頭作填角熔接為範例說明。如圖2所示，於適切設定了峰值電流值的脈衝電弧熔接法當中，由於小顆粒的熔滴5由熔接線2噴射過渡至熔池3，因此難以產生短路。此外，因脈衝電弧4使得電弧正下方的熔池3下壓而熔池的深度變薄當中受到攪拌，促進鋅蒸氣的排出並抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生。熔池3冷卻凝固的部分變成焊珠6。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the phenomenon of pulse arc welding. Here, the lap joint is used as a fillet joint as an example. As shown in Fig. 2, in the pulse arc welding method in which the peak current value is appropriately set, since the droplet 5 of the small particles is ejected from the weld line 2 to the molten pool 3, it is difficult to cause a short circuit. Further, the pulse arc 4 causes the molten pool 3 directly under the arc to be pressed down, and the depth of the molten pool is attenuated, thereby promoting the discharge of the zinc vapor and suppressing the generation of splashes and bubbles. The portion of the molten pool 3 that has cooled and solidified becomes the bead 6.
若進一步說明，此脈衝電弧熔接法當中，若熔接線2前端與熔池3的間隔，即電弧長度越短的話，基於脈衝電弧4所致的熔池下壓的效果也就越大，因而促進鋅蒸氣的排出。然而，若電弧長度過短的話，熔接線2前端與熔池3短路而產生火花，吹濺熔池導致產生大量的飛濺。特別地是，當鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型時，由於鋅蒸氣的產生量增加，即使使用脈衝電弧熔接法，來自熔池3鋅蒸氣仍未完全釋放而停滯於熔池3內，而停滯的鋅蒸氣一口氣噴出拍動熔池3，使得熔接線2前端與熔池3發生短路而導致明顯地產生飛濺。Further, in the pulse arc welding method, if the distance between the front end of the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3, that is, the shorter the arc length, the effect of the molten pool depression due to the pulse arc 4 is greater, thereby promoting zinc. The discharge of steam. However, if the arc length is too short, the front end of the weld line 2 is short-circuited with the molten pool 3 to generate a spark, which causes a large amount of splash. In particular, when the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type, since the amount of generation of zinc vapor is increased, even if the pulse arc welding method is used, the zinc vapor from the molten pool 3 is not completely released and stagnated in the molten pool 3, and The stagnant zinc vapor is sprayed out of the beat pool 3 in a single breath, so that the front end of the weld line 2 is short-circuited with the molten pool 3, resulting in significant splashing.
因此，本發明為防止熔接線2的前端與熔池3的短路、及電弧不穩定；即使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型也能夠抑制鋅蒸氣的影響而穩定化熔滴過渡，抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生。Therefore, the present invention prevents the short-circuit of the tip end of the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3, and the arc is unstable; even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type, the influence of the zinc vapor can be suppressed, the droplet transfer can be stabilized, and the splash can be suppressed. The generation of bubbles.
脈衝電弧熔接法當中，為使熔滴進行噴射過渡而使用氬氣加上二氧化碳氣體作為保護氣體。二氧化碳於電弧電漿中分離成一氧化碳、氧氣等。由於此分離反應為吸熱反應，因此基於二氧化碳的分離使得脈衝電弧4冷卻緊縮。若此脈衝電弧4的緊縮變得過大，則熔滴難以進行噴射過渡，容易產生飛濺。此外，若脈衝4的緊縮變得過大，則電弧力變小，熔池3下壓所致的攪拌效果變弱，則鋅蒸氣難以由熔池3排出而產生氣泡。因此，通常於脈衝熔接當中，保護氣體中的二氧化碳設定在20體積%以下。In the pulse arc welding method, argon gas and carbon dioxide gas are used as a shielding gas in order to make a droplet transition. Carbon dioxide is separated into carbon monoxide, oxygen, and the like in an arc plasma. Since this separation reaction is an endothermic reaction, the separation based on carbon dioxide causes the pulse arc 4 to cool and contract. If the contraction of the pulse arc 4 becomes excessively large, it is difficult for the droplet to perform the jet transition, and splashing is likely to occur. Further, when the contraction of the pulse 4 is excessively large, the arc force is small, and the stirring effect due to the depression of the molten pool 3 is weakened, so that it is difficult for the zinc vapor to be discharged from the molten pool 3 to generate bubbles. Therefore, in the pulse welding, the carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is usually set to 20% by volume or less.
另一方面，若降低保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度，則脈衝電弧4變廣而使電弧力變弱，熔融部的滲入變淺導致接合強度變低之問題、以及昂貴的氬氣比例變大而熔接成本變高的問題。如此般地，雖然從接合強度及熔接成本的層面看來，雖然保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度以高為佳，但若提高保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度就會如上述般地導致飛濺、氣泡增加。On the other hand, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is lowered, the pulse arc 4 is widened, the arc force is weakened, the penetration of the molten portion becomes shallow, the joint strength is lowered, and the expensive argon ratio is increased and welded. The problem of higher costs. In this way, although the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is preferably high in terms of joint strength and welding cost, if the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is increased, splashing and bubble increase are caused as described above.
本案發明人致力進行研究之結果，得到了以下見解而完成了本發明：因應保護氣體中二氧化碳的濃度來適切地設定脈衝週期f，可抑制液滴難以進行噴射過渡的情形，此外，可防止熔接線2前端與熔池3的短路，抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生。The inventors of the present invention have made efforts to carry out the research, and have completed the present invention by appropriately setting the pulse period f in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas, thereby suppressing the case where the droplets are difficult to perform the ejection transition, and further preventing the welding. The short circuit of the front end of the wire 2 and the molten pool 3 suppresses the generation of splashes and bubbles.
即，本發明一態樣中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，其藉由交互地供給峰值電流與基值電流以產生電弧的脈衝電弧熔接法，來熔接同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此，其包含以下製程：噴出氬(Ar)及二氧化碳(CO2 )之混合氣體作為保護氣體；及以根據該保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度所設定的週期而使脈衝電弧產生。That is, an arc welding method for a molten zinc-based steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention is to weld a molten zinc-based steel sheet by a pulse arc welding method in which a peak current and a base current are alternately supplied to generate an arc. Each of them includes a process in which a mixed gas of argon (Ar) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is sprayed as a shielding gas; and a pulse arc is generated in a cycle set according to a concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas.
噴出氬氣加上二氧化碳之混和氣體的製程當中，可使用公知的裝置，只要是可以控制氬氣加上二氧化碳之混和氣體中的二氧化碳濃度即可。所謂氬氣及二氧化碳的混和氣體中的二氧化碳濃度，例如可為填充了混合氣體的汽缸中的二氧化碳濃度。此外，亦可將個別的汽缸所供給的氬氣及二氧化碳混合後使用。於此情形下，此氬氣加上二氧化碳的混和氣體中的二氧化碳濃度只要基於流量比率來求得即可，並且能以變更流量比例的方式簡便地調整二氧化碳濃度。於脈衝熔化性活性氣體熔接(Metal Active-Gas Welding, MAG Welding)當中，一般使用焊炬來使氬氣加上二氧化碳之混和氣體噴出至熔接部周邊。In the process of discharging the mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide, a known device can be used as long as it can control the concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide. The concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide can be, for example, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the cylinder filled with the mixed gas. Further, argon gas and carbon dioxide supplied from individual cylinders may be mixed and used. In this case, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed gas of the argon gas and the carbon dioxide may be determined based on the flow rate ratio, and the carbon dioxide concentration can be easily adjusted so as to change the flow rate ratio. In the Metal Active-Gas Welding (MAG Welding), a welding torch is generally used to spray a mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide to the periphery of the welded portion.
以根據保護氣體中二氧化碳濃度所設定的週期f，來產生脈衝電弧的製程中，具體於後詳述，惟如下設定週期f。即，本發明人得到了新的見解：於固定了二氧化碳濃度及週期f以外的各種熔接條件之條件狀況下，得以抑制飛濺與氣泡的產生，求得週期f及保護氣體中CO2 濃度範圍，並可由此求得範圍來設定週期f(具體例參考圖4)。於此求得範圍以外的二氧化碳濃度及週期f的條件下，電弧容易變得不穩定，熔接線2前端與熔池3容易短路。In the process of generating a pulsed arc based on the period f set by the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas, as will be described later in detail, the period f is set as follows. In other words, the inventors of the present invention have obtained a new knowledge that the occurrence of spatter and bubbles can be suppressed under the conditions in which various welding conditions other than the carbon dioxide concentration and the period f are fixed, and the period f and the range of the CO 2 concentration in the shielding gas are obtained. The period f can be set by the range thus obtained (refer to FIG. 4 for a specific example). Under the conditions of the carbon dioxide concentration and the period f outside the range, the arc is liable to become unstable, and the tip end of the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3 are easily short-circuited.
然後，藉由將週期f及保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度，設定在求得範圍內，因而得到以下功效。如前述般，由於接合強度及熔接成本等層面來看，保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度以高為佳。然而，當二氧化碳的濃度高時，則脈衝電弧4緊縮電弧力變弱，使得熔池3下壓所致的攪拌效果變小。根據本實施型態的電弧熔接方法，因應提高二氧化碳濃度而將脈衝週期設短，藉此使得脈衝電弧4所致的熔池3下壓次數變多，可促進自熔池3的鋅蒸氣排出。因此，即使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型，仍可具效果地抑制飛濺及氣泡之產生。此外，基於本實施型態之電弧熔接方法，可提高保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度，藉此降低具良好接合強度的熔接部件之製造成本。Then, by setting the period f and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas within the obtained range, the following effects are obtained. As described above, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas is preferably high due to the joint strength and the welding cost. However, when the concentration of carbon dioxide is high, the arcing force of the pulse arc 4 is weakened, so that the stirring effect caused by the depression of the molten pool 3 becomes small. According to the arc welding method of the present embodiment, the pulse period is set to be short in order to increase the concentration of carbon dioxide, whereby the number of times of depression of the molten pool 3 by the pulse arc 4 is increased, and the discharge of zinc vapor from the molten pool 3 can be promoted. Therefore, even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type, splashing and generation of bubbles can be suppressed. Further, according to the arc welding method of the present embodiment, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas can be increased, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the welded member having good joint strength.
以下詳述本實施型態。The present embodiment will be described in detail below.
於此，面臨到要依據保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度，以適切地設定脈衝週期，於本實施型態中，對於熔接線、與熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部的位置關係如下規範。此外，於本發明一態樣中的電弧熔接方法，並非限定於以下說明的具體一態樣，例如亦可為下述內容。即，基於各種條件，規範熔接線、與熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部的理想位置關係(距離數值範圍)，於其規範的條件下，求得脈衝週期及保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度的範圍。可基於此求得範圍，因應保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度而適切地設定脈衝週期。Here, in order to appropriately set the pulse period in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas, in the present embodiment, the position of the contact portion between the weld line and the molten zinc-coated steel sheet before welding is set. The relationship is as follows. Further, the arc welding method in one aspect of the present invention is not limited to the specific one described below, and may be, for example, the following. That is, based on various conditions, the ideal positional relationship (distance value range) of the contact portions between the weld line and the molten zinc-coated steel sheet before welding is determined, and the pulse period and the shielding gas are obtained under the conditions of the specification. The range of carbon dioxide concentrations in the medium. Based on this, the range can be determined, and the pulse period is appropriately set in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas.
[熔接線、及熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部的位置關係] 基於圖3來說明本實施型態中鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法，其中的熔接線、與熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部的位置關係。[The positional relationship between the weld line and the contact portion between the molten zinc-based steel sheets before welding] The arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet in the present embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 3, in which the weld line and The positional relationship between the contact portions of the molten zinc-based steel sheets before welding is also the same.
圖3(a)係本實施型態中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法中，基於搭接接頭的填角熔接時，熔接線2與同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1、1’之彼此的接觸部7的位置關係之剖面概略示意圖；圖3(b)係基於T字接頭的填角熔接時，熔接線2與同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1、1’之彼此的接觸部7的位置關係之剖面概略示意圖。圖3(a)與(b)皆表示對熔接方向的垂直方向的剖面，且表示出熔接前的狀態。Fig. 3 (a) is a method of arc welding of a molten zinc-based steel sheet in the present embodiment, in which the weld line 2 and the same molten zinc-based steel sheet 1, 1' are mutually welded in accordance with the fillet welding of the lap joint. A schematic cross-sectional view of the positional relationship of the contact portion 7; FIG. 3(b) is a cross-sectional welding of the T-joint, and the contact portion 7 of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1, 1' is bonded to each other. A schematic diagram of the profile of the positional relationship. 3(a) and 3(b) each show a cross section in the vertical direction of the welding direction, and shows a state before welding.
如同圖3(a)及(b)所示，於熔接之前，作為熔接對象之鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1以及鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’可配置為各種接頭形狀。圖3(a)中配置為搭接接頭；圖3(b)配置為T字接頭。配置好的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1與鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’之間，形成有作為兩者互相接觸之接觸面的接觸部7。於此，於接觸部7中，將最接近熔接線2前端的端部，稱作角部7a。角部7a為於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1與鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’鄰接部分形成焊珠6(參考圖5)的部分。更詳細地說，於搭接接頭的情形中，角部7a為：包含配置於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1頂面的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’的端部中的側面之平面，與該頂面所交叉的部分。T字接頭的情形中，角部7a為：直立設置於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1頂面的鍍熔融鋅系1’的，並包含對該頂面略為垂直的寬度範圍面之平面，與該頂面交叉的部分。As shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b), the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' to be welded may be arranged in various joint shapes before welding. Figure 3 (a) is configured as a lap joint; Figure 3 (b) is configured as a T-joint. Between the galvannealed steel plate 1 and the galvannealed steel plate 1' which are disposed, a contact portion 7 which is a contact surface in contact with each other is formed. Here, in the contact portion 7, the end portion closest to the front end of the weld line 2 is referred to as a corner portion 7a. The corner portion 7a is a portion where the bead 6 (see Fig. 5) is formed adjacent to the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1'. More specifically, in the case of the lap joint, the corner portion 7a is a flat surface including the side surface of the end portion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 ′ disposed on the top surface of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the top surface The part that is crossed. In the case of the T-joint, the corner portion 7a is a plated molten zinc-based 1' which is erected on the top surface of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and includes a plane having a width range which is slightly perpendicular to the top surface, and the top portion The part that intersects.
換言之，角部7a為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1及鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’配置成任意形狀的接頭形狀下，為使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1及鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’熔接而受電弧照射的部分，亦可稱為熔接對象部。此外，接頭形狀為對接接頭(butt joint)時，該熔接對象部係指：鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1的端部及鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’的端部的相對面當中，熔接線2側的緣部(稜線)。In other words, the corner portion 7a is a joint shape in which the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' are arranged in an arbitrary shape, and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' are welded and arc-irradiated. The part can also be called the welding target part. In the case where the joint shape is a butt joint, the portion to be welded refers to the opposite side of the end portion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the end portion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1', and the side of the weld line 2 Edge (ridge line).
如前述般，要抑制熔接線2前端與熔池3的短路導致的飛濺產生，將電弧長度控管於適切範圍內係為重要。然而，再次參考圖2說明，熔池3因基於脈衝電弧4造成的下壓效果而與脈衝電弧4的波形大致同步地於短時間內上下動盪，因此要測定、控管熔接中的電弧長度本身係為困難。因此，本說明書當中，如圖3(a)及(b)所示，將熔接線2a前端的線前端部2a起，至熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部7當中熔接線2側的角部7a的距離設為距離D。於本實施型態的電弧熔接方法中，設定此距離D為熔接線2與熔池3互相不短路的長度，且為電弧4不會熄滅的長度。As described above, it is important to suppress the occurrence of spatter caused by the short circuit between the front end of the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3, and to control the arc length within the appropriate range. However, referring again to FIG. 2, the molten pool 3 is oscillated up and down in a short time in synchronization with the waveform of the pulse arc 4 due to the pressing effect by the pulse arc 4, so the length of the arc in the welding is controlled and controlled. It is difficult. Therefore, in the present specification, as shown in Figs. 3(a) and 3(b), the wire front end portion 2a at the tip end of the weld line 2a is welded to the contact portion 7 of the molten zinc-plated steel sheet before welding. The distance of the corner portion 7a on the line 2 side is defined as the distance D. In the arc welding method of the present embodiment, the distance D is set to a length in which the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3 are not short-circuited to each other, and is a length in which the arc 4 does not extinguish.
於此，例如以圖3(a)及(b)所示接頭形狀進行電弧熔接時，熔接線2於對紙面垂直的方向上移動，依序地熔接該熔接對象部。因此，該距離D表示：從一點，即線前端部2a起，往該熔接對象部(角部7a或熔接線2側的緣部)劃出一線，其垂線之長度。此外，通過熔接線2中心軸的直線不一定需要通過角部7a，只要該直線通過角部7a的附近即可。因此，廣義而言，該距離D為 (i)通過熔接線2中心軸的直線，與鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1或鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’交叉點(熔接對象部)；與 (ii)線前端部2a之間的距離。Here, for example, when the arc welding is performed in the joint shape shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), the weld line 2 moves in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the welded target portion is sequentially welded. Therefore, the distance D indicates that the length of the vertical line is drawn from the point of the line end portion 2a toward the welding target portion (the corner portion 7a or the edge of the weld line 2 side). Further, the straight line passing through the central axis of the weld line 2 does not necessarily need to pass through the corner portion 7a as long as the straight line passes through the vicinity of the corner portion 7a. Therefore, in a broad sense, the distance D is (i) a straight line passing through the central axis of the weld line 2, and a point of intersection with the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 or the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' (welding target portion); and (ii) line The distance between the front end portions 2a.
以此方式，本實施型態的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法當中，將由線前端部2a起至角部7a的距離D，維持在熔接線2與熔池3互相不短路的長度，且電弧不熄滅的長度下進行熔接。此方法並非檢測電弧長度本身，而是維持該距離D的情況下進行熔接。In this manner, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the distance D from the line front end portion 2a to the corner portion 7a is maintained at a length that the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3 are not short-circuited with each other, and The welding is performed at a length where the arc does not extinguish. This method does not detect the arc length itself, but performs welding while maintaining the distance D.
藉此，即使鍍熔融鋼板為厚鍍型，也能在電弧熔接中具效果地抑制飛濺以及氣泡產生。Thereby, even if the plated molten steel plate is of a thick plating type, splashing and generation of bubbles can be suppressed in the arc welding.
於本實施型態的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法中，將線前端部2a起至角部7a的距離D，以設定在2-20mm範圍為較佳。若距離D低於2mm，則熔接線2與熔池3短路而產生飛濺。若產生飛濺，則因熔池3的下壓導致的攪拌情形就不會發生，而鋅蒸氣也就不會排出，進而產生氣泡。另一方面，若距離D超過20mm，則電弧熄滅，產生所謂消弧。若消弧產生，則熔接線2與熔池3短路，脈衝電弧4再點弧時產生火花而吹濺熔池3產生飛濺。進一步地，脈衝電弧4於熄滅期間不會發生因下壓而造成的攪拌，因此不會排出鋅蒸氣，而導致發生氣泡。此外，若距離D超過20mm，則電弧變廣，基於電磁力的收縮效應變弱，因此熔滴5難以切斷，而其結果為熔滴5粗大化且浮游，產生大顆粒的飛濺。In the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet according to the present embodiment, it is preferable to set the distance D from the line front end portion 2a to the corner portion 7a to be in the range of 2 to 20 mm. If the distance D is less than 2 mm, the weld line 2 is short-circuited with the molten pool 3 to cause splashing. If a splash occurs, the agitation caused by the depression of the molten pool 3 does not occur, and the zinc vapor is not discharged, and bubbles are generated. On the other hand, if the distance D exceeds 20 mm, the arc is extinguished, and so-called arc suppression occurs. If the arc extinguishing occurs, the weld line 2 is short-circuited with the molten pool 3, and the pulse arc 4 generates a spark when the arc is again, and the splash pool 3 generates a splash. Further, the pulse arc 4 does not cause agitation due to the pressing during the extinguishing, so that the zinc vapor is not discharged, and bubbles are generated. Further, when the distance D exceeds 20 mm, the arc becomes wider, and the contraction effect by the electromagnetic force becomes weak. Therefore, the droplet 5 is difficult to be cut, and as a result, the droplet 5 is coarsened and floated, and splashing of large particles occurs.
如此地將線前端部2a起至角部7a的距離D設定在2-20mm範圍的作法，可藉由後述般的、因應保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度適切地設定脈衝週期而容易地達到。藉由將距離D設為2-20mm之範圍，可使即便鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型，也能夠具效果地抑制飛濺與氣泡產生。The method of setting the distance D from the line front end portion 2a to the corner portion 7a in the range of 2 to 20 mm in this manner can be easily achieved by appropriately setting the pulse period in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas as will be described later. By setting the distance D to a range of 2 to 20 mm, it is possible to effectively suppress spatter and bubble generation even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type.
此外，本發明一態樣中的電弧熔接方法，可包含：位置設定製程，在進行熔接同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此前，將該距離D設定為熔接線2與熔池3互相不短路的長度，且電弧不會熄滅的長度。然後，於熔接同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的熔接製程當中，維持著該距離D而進行熔接。掌控線前端部2a及角部7a的位置關係，並將其控制為該距離D的手段並不特別限定，可使用公知的裝置。In addition, the arc welding method in one aspect of the present invention may include: a position setting process, and the distance D is set such that the weld line 2 and the molten pool 3 are not shorted to each other before the welding is performed on the molten zinc-based steel sheets. The length, and the length of the arc will not go out. Then, in the welding process in which the molten zinc-plated steel sheets are welded together, the distance D is maintained and welded. The means for controlling the positional relationship between the line front end portion 2a and the corner portion 7a and controlling the distance D is not particularly limited, and a known device can be used.
[週期與保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度] 脈衝MAG熔接法當中，將為使熔滴作噴射過渡的氬氣加上二氧化碳之混和氣體，作為保護氣體使用。本發明一態樣中的的電弧熔接方法包含下述製程：噴出氬(Ar)加上二氧化碳(CO2 )之混合氣體作為保護氣體；及以根據該保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度所設定的週期而使脈衝電弧產生。[Cyclic acid concentration in the cycle and the shielding gas] In the pulsed MAG welding method, a mixed gas of argon gas and carbon dioxide for causing the droplet to be injected as a jet is used as a shielding gas. Arc welding method aspect of the present invention comprises the following processes: the discharge argon (Ar) together with a mixed gas of carbon dioxide (CO 2) as the protective gas; carbon dioxide concentration and in accordance with the protective gas and the set period A pulsed arc is generated.
圖4表示保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度(體積%)以及週期f(ms)的條件，與氣泡佔有率及飛濺附著數量的關係。圖中的○記號為滿足以下兩條件之情況：氣泡佔有率為30%以下，及飛濺附著數量為20個以下。圖中的×記號為氣泡佔有率超過30%，或是飛濺附著數量超過20個時的情況。圖中的●記號為發生焊道***的情形。4 shows the relationship between the concentration (% by volume) of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas and the period f (ms), and the bubble occupancy rate and the amount of splash adhesion. The ○ mark in the figure is a case where the following two conditions are satisfied: the bubble occupancy rate is 30% or less, and the amount of splash adhesion is 20 or less. The × mark in the figure is a case where the bubble occupancy rate exceeds 30%, or the number of splash adhesions exceeds 20. The ● mark in the figure is the case where the weld bead is raised.
圖4中以實線圈起的範圍，即保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度CC02 為5-30體積%，且週期f在特定範圍內(後述公式(1)範圍內)，於其中抑制了氣泡與飛濺的產生，焊珠形狀良好。然而，保護氣體中二氧化碳濃度CC02 未滿5體積%的情況下，脈衝電弧4不穩定，因***現象使得焊珠蛇行造成焊珠外觀明顯變差。此外，氣泡與飛濺的產生也變得明顯。當二氧化碳CC02 超過30體積%時，熔滴不會產生噴射過渡而成為短路過渡，因此明顯地產生氣泡以及飛濺。The range of the solid coil in FIG. 4, that is, the carbon dioxide concentration C C02 in the shielding gas is 5 to 30% by volume, and the period f is within a specific range (within the range of the formula (1) described later), in which the bubble and the splash are suppressed. Produced, the bead shape is good. However, in the case where the carbon dioxide concentration C C02 in the shielding gas is less than 5% by volume, the pulse arc 4 is unstable, and the beading phenomenon causes the appearance of the bead to be significantly deteriorated due to the bulging phenomenon. In addition, the generation of bubbles and splashes becomes apparent. When carbon dioxide is C C02 than 30% by volume, it does not produce droplet ejection transition becomes short circuiting transfer, thus significantly splashes and bubbles.
於此，若脈衝週期變短，則因脈衝電弧4所致的熔池3下壓的次數增加，因而促進鋅蒸氣的排出。然而若週期f過短未滿1ms，以及熔接線2的供給速度為3m/min以下時，熔接線2熔融過多，熔接線2前端至熔池3的距離變長，產生消弧或是熔滴5的粗大化。藉此，使得熔滴過渡變得不穩定，產生飛濺。此外，由於消弧期間並無因脈衝電弧4導致熔池3下壓，因此產生氣泡。Here, if the pulse period is shortened, the number of times the molten pool 3 is pressed down by the pulse arc 4 is increased, thereby promoting the discharge of the zinc vapor. However, if the period f is too short and less than 1 ms, and the supply speed of the weld line 2 is 3 m/min or less, the weld line 2 is excessively melted, and the distance from the front end of the weld line 2 to the molten pool 3 becomes long, and arc suppression or droplet formation occurs. 5 coarsening. Thereby, the droplet transition becomes unstable and spatter is generated. Further, since the molten pool 3 is not pressed by the pulse arc 4 during the arc extinguishing, bubbles are generated.
另一方面，若週期f過長，則熔接線2熔融不足，從熔接線2的前端起至熔池的距離過短，熔接線2的前端與熔池3短路產生飛濺。此外，因脈衝電弧4使得熔池下壓的次數變少而無法排出鋅蒸氣，產生飛濺以及氣泡。On the other hand, if the period f is too long, the weld line 2 is insufficiently melted, and the distance from the tip end of the weld line 2 to the molten pool is too short, and the tip end of the weld line 2 is short-circuited with the molten pool 3 to cause splashing. Further, since the number of times the molten pool is pressed down by the pulse arc 4 is reduced, the zinc vapor cannot be discharged, and splashes and bubbles are generated.
此外，即使保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度CCO2 在5-30體積%範圍內，若如前述般二氧化碳濃度CCO2 變高，則脈衝電弧緊縮而使得電弧力變弱，熔池3的下壓所致的攪拌效果也就變小。Further, even if the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 in the shielding gas is in the range of 5 to 30% by volume, if the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 becomes high as described above, the pulse arc is tightened to weaken the arc force, and the molten pool 3 is depressed. The stirring effect is also reduced.
如上述般，本發明一態樣中的電弧熔接方法為，將作為保護氣體的氬氣加上二氧化碳之混合氣體中的二氧化碳濃度CCO2 設為5體積%以上30體積%以下而噴出該混合氣體，且，較佳為依據二氧化碳濃度CCO2 將脈衝週期f調整在下述公式(1)範圍內來產生脈衝電弧。As aforesaid, the arc welding method of one aspect of the present invention is, as a protective argon gas plus a mixed gas of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 to 30 vol% 5 vol% or less of the mixed gas discharged Further, it is preferable to adjust the pulse period f within the range of the following formula (1) in accordance with the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 to generate a pulsed arc.
1≦f≦-0.4CC02 +22 ・・・(1) 於此， f：脈衝週期(ms) Cco2 ：保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度(體積%) 本發明的一態樣中的電弧熔接方法中，如上述公式(1)所示般，若二氧化碳濃度CCO2 變高，則縮短週期f的上限，增加因脈衝電弧4的熔池3下壓次數，促使由熔池3排出鋅蒸氣。並且可以防止熔接線2前端與熔池的短路、電弧熄滅；即使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型也能夠抑制鋅蒸氣的影響而使熔滴過渡穩定化，並抑制飛濺以及氣泡的產生。 1 ≦ f ≦ -0.4C C02 +22 · · · (1) thereto, f: pulse period (ms) C co2: protection of the carbon dioxide concentration in the gas (vol%) arc welding method aspect of the present invention In the case where the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 is high as shown in the above formula (1), the upper limit of the period f is shortened, and the number of times of pressing of the molten pool 3 by the pulse arc 4 is increased to cause the zinc pool to be discharged from the molten pool 3. Further, it is possible to prevent short-circuiting of the tip end of the weld line 2 and the molten pool, and to extinguish the arc. Even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type, the influence of the zinc vapor can be suppressed, and the droplet transition can be stabilized, and splashing and generation of bubbles can be suppressed.
因此，可以提供一種具良好熔接部外觀及熔接強度之鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法以及熔接部件的製造方法，即使鍍熔融鋅系鋼板為厚鍍型也能夠抑制電弧熔接當中產生飛濺以及氣泡。Therefore, it is possible to provide an arc welding method and a method for producing a welded member of a molten zinc-based steel sheet having a good welded portion appearance and welding strength, and it is possible to suppress spatter and bubbles during arc welding even if the molten zinc-based steel sheet is of a thick plating type. .
接著說明使用於本實施型態中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法中的各種條件之較佳具體例。Next, a preferred specific example of various conditions in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet used in the present embodiment will be described.
[峰值電流] 較佳地，將用於產生脈衝電弧的峰值電流IP設在350-650A的範圍。當熔接線2的供給速度為15m/min時，若峰值電流IP低於350A，則可能發生熔接線2熔融不足，熔接線2供給過剩而線前端部2a與熔池3短路。此外，若電弧力變弱，則熔池3下壓所致的攪拌效果也就變弱。反之，若峰值電流IP超過650A，則熔接線2熔融過多，距離D超過20mm，產生消弧或熔滴5的粗大化。[Peak Current] Preferably, the peak current IP for generating a pulse arc is set in the range of 350-650A. When the supply speed of the weld line 2 is 15 m/min, if the peak current IP is lower than 350 A, the weld line 2 may be insufficiently melted, and the weld line 2 is excessively supplied, and the wire front end portion 2a and the molten pool 3 are short-circuited. Further, if the arc force is weak, the stirring effect due to the pressing of the molten pool 3 is also weakened. On the other hand, if the peak current IP exceeds 650 A, the weld line 2 is excessively melted, and the distance D exceeds 20 mm, resulting in arc suppression or coarsening of the droplet 5.
[接頭形狀] 除了圖3(a)所示的基於搭接接頭的填角熔接，以及圖3(b)所示的基於T字接頭的填角熔接之外，角接接頭、十字接頭、搭板接頭、擴口接頭等任一種接頭形狀均適用本發明。此外，本發明也可適用於基於對接接頭、角接接頭、十字接頭及T字接頭的對接熔接。[Joint shape] In addition to the lap joint-based fillet weld shown in Fig. 3(a) and the T-joint-based fillet weld shown in Fig. 3(b), the angle joint, the cross joint, and the lap joint The present invention is applicable to any joint shape such as a plate joint or a flare joint. Furthermore, the present invention is also applicable to butt fusion based on butt joints, corner joints, cross joints, and T-joints.
[鍍熔融鋅系鋼板] 於本實施型態中作為熔接對象的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板，以鍍熔融鋅鋼板、鍍合金化熔融鋅鋼板、鍍熔融鋅鋁鋼板、鍍熔融鋅鋁鎂鋼板等的鍍層以鋅為主成分的鍍熔融鋼板為較佳。[Metal-plated molten zinc-based steel sheet] In the present embodiment, a molten zinc-based steel sheet to be welded is a molten zinc-plated steel sheet, a plated alloyed molten zinc steel sheet, a molten zinc-aluminum steel sheet, or a molten zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel sheet. A plated molten steel plate mainly composed of zinc is preferred.
鍍熔融鋅系鋼板當中，鍍熔融鋅鋁鎂鋼板可含有1.0-22.0質量%的鋁，0.05-10.0質量%的鎂，因具有良好的耐蝕性因而屬於理想條件。鋅錳(Zn11 Mg2 )系相的產生為鍍層外觀及耐蝕性變差的原因，因此可為了抑制其成長，可於鍍熔融鋅鋁鎂鋼板的鍍層添加0.02-0.1質量%的鈦，0.001-0.05質量%的硼。此外，為了要抑制鍍覆料板與鍍層之介面上產生的鐵鋁(Fe-Al)合金層之過度成長，並提高加工時的鍍層之密著性，亦可添加最多至0.2質量%的矽。Among the molten zinc-based steel sheets, the molten zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel sheet may contain 1.0 to 22.0% by mass of aluminum and 0.05 to 10.0% by mass of magnesium, and is an ideal condition because of good corrosion resistance. The occurrence of the Zn Mn (Zn 11 Mg 2 ) phase is a cause of deterioration in the appearance and corrosion resistance of the plating layer. Therefore, in order to suppress the growth thereof, 0.02-0.1% by mass of titanium can be added to the plating layer of the molten zinc-aluminum-magnesium steel sheet, 0.001 - 0.05% by mass of boron. Further, in order to suppress excessive growth of the iron-aluminum (Fe-Al) alloy layer generated on the interface between the plating plate and the plating layer, and to improve the adhesion of the plating layer during processing, it is also possible to add up to 0.2% by mass of ruthenium. .
[鍍覆附著量] 若鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的鍍覆附著量少，則不利於長期性地維持鍍覆面的耐蝕性以及犧牲性防蝕作用。經過各種研究，發現每單面的鍍覆附著量設為15g/m2 以上係較具效果。另一方面，若每單面的鍍覆附著量超過250g/m2 ，則鋅蒸氣的產生量過多，即使使用本實施型態的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接法也難以抑制飛濺及氣泡之產生。因此，較佳為設定每單面的鍍覆附著量為250g/m2 以下。[Amount of plating adhesion] When the amount of plating adhesion of the molten zinc-based steel sheet is small, it is disadvantageous in that the corrosion resistance and the sacrificial anti-corrosion effect of the plating surface are maintained for a long period of time. After various studies, found that the per side to the coating weight 15g / m 2 or more based the more effect. On the other hand, when the plating adhesion amount per one surface exceeds 250 g/m 2 , the amount of zinc vapor generated is too large, and it is difficult to suppress spatter and bubbles even by the arc welding method using the molten zinc-based steel sheet of the present embodiment. produce. Therefore, it is preferable to set the plating adhesion amount per one surface to 250 g/m 2 or less.
[熔接線] 熔接線2較佳可使用日本工業規格JIS Z3312 YGW15或是JIS Z3312 YGW16。除此之外，也可使用JIS Z3312所規定的實芯(熔接)線，或是其他種類。例如：無鍍銅線、包藥線、熔渣型線等。[Fuse Wire] The weld line 2 is preferably made of Japanese Industrial Standard JIS Z3312 YGW15 or JIS Z3312 YGW16. In addition to this, a solid (welded) wire specified by JIS Z3312 or other types may be used. For example: no copper wire, coated wire, slag line, etc.
熔接線2的線徑可為例如直徑1.2mm，或是也可使用直徑0.8-1.6mm範圍的熔接線。The wire diameter of the weld line 2 may be, for example, 1.2 mm in diameter, or a weld line having a diameter in the range of 0.8 to 1.6 mm may also be used.
[供線速度] 關於供線速度，為了要防止熔接線2熔融過多，熔接線2前端至熔池3的距離變長而導致消弧或熔滴5粗大化，以3m/min為佳。若供線速度超過15m/min，則由於熔接線2的供給過剩，導致線前端部2a與熔池3產生短路，因此上限為5m/min為佳。供線速度可根據線徑、週期f、以及峰值電流IP等熔接條件來作適當的選擇。[Wire feeding speed] Regarding the wire feeding speed, in order to prevent the melting wire 2 from being excessively melted, the distance from the tip end of the welding wire 2 to the molten pool 3 becomes long, and the arc extinguishing or the droplet 5 is coarsened, preferably 3 m/min. If the supply speed exceeds 15 m/min, the supply of the weld line 2 is excessive, and the wire front end portion 2a and the molten pool 3 are short-circuited. Therefore, the upper limit is preferably 5 m/min. The wire feed speed can be appropriately selected according to the wire diameter, the period f, and the peak current IP.
[基值電流] 基值電流IB以10-200A為佳。若未滿10A會容易產生消弧，若超過200A則熔滴容易斷。[Base current] The base current IB is preferably 10-200A. If it is less than 10A, it will easily generate arc extinguishing. If it exceeds 200A, the droplet will be easily broken.
[電弧電壓] 電弧電壓以10-100V為佳。未滿10V的情形下，從由熔接線2前端至熔池3的距離變得過短，若超過100V，則由熔接線2前端至熔池3的距離變得太長。[Arc Voltage] The arc voltage is preferably 10-100V. In the case of less than 10 V, the distance from the tip end of the weld line 2 to the molten pool 3 becomes too short, and if it exceeds 100 V, the distance from the tip end of the weld line 2 to the molten pool 3 becomes too long.
[焊炬的維持角度] 焊炬維持角度中以焊炬傾角30-60°為佳。此外，前進角或是後退角以0-30°為佳。焊炬傾角、前進角或是後退角可根據接頭形狀、熔接姿勢等的熔接條件以在適當的上述範圍內選擇。[Holding angle of the torch] It is preferable to use a torch inclination angle of 30-60° in the torch maintenance angle. In addition, the advancing or retreating angle is preferably 0-30°. The torch inclination angle, the advancing angle, or the receding angle can be selected within an appropriate range as described above depending on the welding condition of the joint shape, the welding posture, and the like.
[目標位置] 目標位置雖然以熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部7當中，於熔接線2側的角部7a為佳，但若可得到所需的目的焊珠形狀、接頭強度，亦不限於角部7a。[Target position] The target position is preferably the corner portion 7a on the side of the weld line 2 among the contact portions 7 of the molten zinc-based steel sheets before welding, but the desired purpose bead shape can be obtained. The joint strength is also not limited to the corner portion 7a.
[熔接姿勢、進行方向] 熔接姿勢與進行方向並沒有限定。可依據熔接部件的形狀等進行適當的選擇橫向、縱向、往上、往下。[Milling posture, direction of progress] The welding posture and the direction of the welding are not limited. The lateral direction, the longitudinal direction, the upward direction, and the downward direction can be appropriately selected depending on the shape of the welded member or the like.
[熔接電源方式] 熔接電源並沒有限定。可以使用直流電弧式、交流電弧式等任一方式。可因應熔接部件的板厚、形狀、滲入而作適當的選擇。[Splicing power supply method] The welding power supply is not limited. Any method such as a direct current arc type or an alternating current arc type can be used. It can be appropriately selected in accordance with the thickness, shape, and penetration of the welded component.
[熔接速度] 熔接速度可設定為例如0.4m/min。可隨著各種熔接條件而於0.1-2m/min範圍中作設定。[Splicing speed] The welding speed can be set to, for example, 0.4 m/min. It can be set in the range of 0.1-2 m/min with various welding conditions.
此外，本實施型態的電弧熔接方法當中，將各種的熔接條件，設定為上述般理想範圍內的條件，並且規範了前述般的，熔接線與熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部的理想位置關係。於此般條件之下，於本實施型態的電弧熔接方法中可求得二氧化碳濃度及週期f的理想範圍 (圖4中實線圈起範圍)。Further, in the arc welding method of the present embodiment, various welding conditions are set to the conditions within the above-described ideal range, and the above-described melting line and the molten zinc-based steel sheet are welded to each other. The ideal positional relationship of the contact. Under the above conditions, the ideal range of the carbon dioxide concentration and the period f (the solid coiling range in Fig. 4) can be obtained in the arc welding method of this embodiment.
於此，本發明的另一態樣中的電弧熔接方法中，於變更了各種熔接條件以及該位置關係的情況下，則二氧化碳濃度以及週期f的理想範圍可能變成與圖4所示範圍為不同的範圍。也就是說，用於根據保護氣體中二氧化碳濃度而適切地設定週期f的範圍，普遍上難以特定。Here, in the arc welding method according to another aspect of the present invention, in the case where various welding conditions and the positional relationship are changed, the ideal range of the carbon dioxide concentration and the period f may become different from the range shown in FIG. The scope. That is to say, it is generally difficult to specify the range in which the period f is appropriately set in accordance with the concentration of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas.
根據本發明一態樣，可提供如下般的電弧熔接方法。即，於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法中，於可調節的各種熔接條件存在的情形下，可能需要臨場應變地(憑經驗地)調整各種的熔接條件。作為此作法的取代方式，根據本發明的一態樣，提供一有用的方法，將二氧化碳濃度及週期f以外的熔接條件固定，求二氧化碳濃度與週期f的理想範圍，可求得具效果地抑制飛濺及氣泡之產生的理想熔接條件。According to an aspect of the present invention, an arc welding method as follows can be provided. That is, in the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet, various welding conditions may be required to be adjusted (experienceally) in the presence of various adjustable welding conditions. As a substitution method of this method, according to an aspect of the present invention, a useful method for fixing the carbon dioxide concentration and the welding conditions other than the period f to obtain an ideal range of the carbon dioxide concentration and the period f can be provided, and the effect can be effectively suppressed. Ideal welding conditions for splashes and bubbles.
[氣泡佔有率、飛濺附著數量] 根據本實施型態的鍍熔融鋅系的電弧熔接方法，可抑制飛濺及氣泡的產生並進行同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的熔接，並可提供以該熔接(方式)形成的熔接部件。關於該熔接部件的評測(氣泡佔有率、飛濺附著數量)，根據圖5及圖6進行說明。[Bubble Occupancy Rate and Splash Adhesion Quantity] According to the molten zinc-based arc welding method of the present embodiment, spattering and generation of bubbles can be suppressed, and welding of the molten zinc-based steel sheets can be performed, and the same can be provided. A welded joint formed by welding. Evaluation of the welded member (bubble occupancy rate, amount of splash adhesion) will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6 .
圖5係說明同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此熔接而成的熔接部件10當中，氣泡佔有率的檢測方法之俯視圖。如圖5所示，鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1與鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’所熔接而成的熔接部件10中形成有焊珠6，該焊珠6存有許多有氣泡6a之狀況。此外，以焊珠6的長度方向(熔接線方向)長度為L，自焊珠6一端部起第i個氣泡的長度為di。於此，例如接頭形狀為T字接頭時，圖5中所示鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1與鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’為三維地、垂直地熔接。Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a method of detecting the bubble occupancy ratio among the welded members 10 in which the molten zinc-based steel sheets are welded to each other. As shown in Fig. 5, a weld bead 6 is formed in the welded member 10 in which the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' are welded, and the bead 6 has a large number of bubbles 6a. Further, the length of the bead 6 in the longitudinal direction (welding line direction) is L, and the length of the i-th bubble from the one end portion of the bead 6 is di. Here, for example, when the joint shape is a T-joint, the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1 and the molten zinc-based steel sheet 1' shown in Fig. 5 are welded three-dimensionally and vertically.
依據日本建築用薄板熔接接合部設計・施工手冊(建築用薄板熔接接合部設計・施工手冊編輯委員會)。對概略示於圖5的各個氣泡6a的長度di的積算值，也就是於焊珠6形成的所有氣泡6a的長度，進行測定，積算出積算值Σdi(mm)的測定值。由積算值Σdi(mm)的測定值以下述公式(2)算出的氣泡佔有率Br若為30%以下，則視為熔接強度沒有問題。According to the Japanese design and construction manual for the thin-wall fusion joints for construction, the editorial committee for the design and construction manual of the thin-wall fusion joints for construction. The integrated value of the length di of each of the cells 6a shown in Fig. 5, that is, the length of all the cells 6a formed in the bead 6 is measured, and the measured value of the integrated value Σdi (mm) is calculated. When the bubble occupancy ratio Br calculated by the following formula (2) is 30% or less from the measured value of the integrated value Σdi (mm), it is considered that there is no problem in the welding strength.
Br = (Σdi / L)×100 ・・・(2) 於此， di：該焊珠中所觀察到的第i個氣泡之長度 L：焊珠之長度。Br = (Σdi / L) × 100 (2) Here, di: the length of the i-th bubble observed in the bead L: the length of the bead.
圖6為說明同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此熔接而成的熔接部件10當中，濺鍍飛濺附著數量的檢測方法之俯視圖。如圖6虛線所示，以焊珠6為中心的長100mm、寬100mm的區域8中，若飛濺附著數量為20個以下，則飛濺不明顯，對於耐蝕性的影響小。於此，可以焊珠6的中央為區域8的中心，而長100mm意指從焊珠6一側上(鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1)50mm，與另一側(鍍熔融鋅系鋼板1’)50mm。此時，例如熔接部件10的接頭形狀為T字接頭時，區域8的長100mm可為以焊珠6為中心往直角方向各50mm。此外，寬100mm意指與焊珠6長度方向相同的方向上的，區域8的寬度。Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a method of detecting the amount of spatter-spray adhesion among the welded members 10 in which the molten zinc-based steel sheets are welded to each other. As shown by the broken line in Fig. 6, in the region 8 having a length of 100 mm and a width of 100 mm centering on the bead 6, if the amount of spatter adhesion is 20 or less, the splash is not conspicuous, and the influence on the corrosion resistance is small. Here, the center of the bead 6 may be the center of the region 8, and the length of 100 mm means 50 mm from the side of the bead 6 (plated molten zinc-based steel plate 1), and the other side (plated molten zinc-based steel plate 1') 50mm. At this time, for example, when the joint shape of the welding member 10 is a T-joint, the length of the region 8 of 100 mm may be 50 mm in the right-angle direction around the bead 6 . Further, a width of 100 mm means the width of the region 8 in the same direction as the longitudinal direction of the bead 6.
本發明中的熔接部件10，於區域8中的飛濺附著數量為20個以下，具有良好熔接外觀與耐蝕性。In the welding member 10 of the present invention, the amount of splash adhesion in the region 8 is 20 or less, and the welded appearance and corrosion resistance are good.
[實施例] 使用表1所示4種類的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板，構成搭接填角熔接接頭而進行脈衝電弧熔接。熔接線2為使用直徑1.2mm的JIS Z3312 YGW12、熔接速度0.4/min、焊珠長度180mm、重疊邊界30mm。[Examples] Four types of molten zinc-based steel sheets shown in Table 1 were used to form a lap joint filler joint, and pulse arc welding was performed. The weld line 2 is a JIS Z3312 YGW12 having a diameter of 1.2 mm, a welding speed of 0.4/min, a bead length of 180 mm, and an overlap boundary of 30 mm.
[表1]
此外，熔接中，對於包含：熔接線2前端，熔接前的同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此的接觸部7中熔接線2側的角部7a的部分之熔接狀態，以於下所示條件用高速攝影機進行攝影，藉此，測定熔接線2前端至角部7a的距離D。脈衝電弧熔接後，以前述方法測定飛濺附著數量與氣泡佔有率Br。Further, in the welding, the welding state of the portion of the corner portion 7a on the side of the weld line 2 in the contact portion 7 of the molten zinc-based steel sheet which is the same as the front end of the weld line 2 is included, and the conditions shown below are included. The photographing is performed by a high speed camera, whereby the distance D from the front end of the weld line 2 to the corner portion 7a is measured. After the pulse arc welding, the amount of spatter adhesion and the bubble occupying ratio Br were measured by the aforementioned methods.
[高速攝影機的攝影條件] 高速攝影機：Nobby Tech公司製M310 可視化用雷射光源：Cavitra公司製CAVLUX HF 脈衝波長：810nm 攝影幀數：4000幀/秒[Photography conditions for high-speed cameras] High-speed camera: M310 for laser visualization by Nobby Tech: CAVLUX HF manufactured by Cavitra Hz Pulse wavelength: 810 nm Number of frames: 4000 frames/second
表2及表3表示鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的種類、脈衝電弧熔接條件、熔接線2前端至角部7a之距離D、以及飛濺附著數量、氣泡佔有率Br的測定結果。Tables 2 and 3 show the types of the molten zinc-based steel sheets, the pulse arc welding conditions, the distance D from the tip end of the weld line 2 to the corner portion 7a, and the measurement results of the amount of spatter adhesion and the bubble occupancy ratio Br.
表2為使用鍍熔融鋅-鋁(6%)-鎂(3%)鋼板作為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板，調查保護氣體的種類、峰值電流IP、週期f、改變熔接線2前端至角部7a的距離D情況下之飛濺附著數量、氣泡佔有率Br。Table 2 shows the use of a molten zinc-aluminum (6%)-magnesium (3%) steel plate as a molten zinc-based steel sheet, and investigated the type of protective gas, the peak current IP, the period f, and the change of the front end of the welded wire 2 to the corner portion 7a. The amount of splash adhesion and the bubble occupancy ratio Br in the case of distance D.
[表2] [Table 2]
如第1-22號實施例所示，當根據保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度CCO2 適切地設定脈衝週期f、二氧化碳濃度CCO2 及週期f為本發明範圍內時，熔接線2前端起至角部7a之距離D為適切狀況，可得飛濺數量為未滿20個、氣泡佔有率為未滿30個。此外並確認可得抑制飛濺及氣泡之產生，具有良好熔接部外觀及熔接強度的電弧熔接部件。As shown in the embodiment No. 1-22, when the pulse period f, the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 and the period f are appropriately set according to the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 in the shielding gas, the front end of the weld line 2 is raised to the corner portion. The distance D of 7a is a suitable condition, and the number of splashes is less than 20, and the bubble occupancy rate is less than 30. Further, it has been confirmed that an arc welding member having excellent weld portion appearance and welding strength can be obtained which suppresses generation of spatter and bubbles.
相對於此，當脈衝週期f未根據保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度CCO2 而設定，二氧化碳濃度CCO2 及週期f的任一者為本發明條件範圍外的第23、24、26、29 號比較例中，飛濺、氣泡的產生顯著，無法得到良好的熔接部外觀與熔接強度的電弧熔接部件。On the other hand, when the pulse period f is not set according to the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 in the shielding gas, any one of the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 and the period f is the comparative example Nos. 23, 24, 26, and 29 outside the condition range of the present invention. Among them, the occurrence of spatter and bubbles is remarkable, and an arc welding member having a good welded portion appearance and welding strength cannot be obtained.
此外，由熔接線2前端起至角部7a的距離D太遠、或是太近的第 25、27、28號比較例當中，飛濺、氣泡的產生顯著，無法得到良好的熔接部外觀及熔接強度。Further, in the comparative example Nos. 25, 27, and 28 from the front end of the weld line 2 to the distance D of the corner portion 7a, or too close, the occurrence of spatter and bubbles was remarkable, and the appearance and fusion of the welded portion could not be obtained. strength.
表3為使用具有各種鍍覆組成與附著量的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板，以各種脈衝電弧條件、距離D進行熔接，調查飛濺附著數量、氣泡佔有率Br的結果。Table 3 shows the results of investigating the amount of spatter adhesion and the bubble occupancy Br by using a molten zinc-based steel sheet having various plating compositions and adhesion amounts, and welding under various pulse arc conditions and distance D.
[表3] [table 3]
如第30-42號所示，二氧化碳濃度CCO2 、距離D、峰值電流IP、週期f、鍍覆附著量在本發明規定範圍內的實施例中，任何的基於鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的熔接部件中都抑制了飛濺、氣泡。特別是，第38-42號中，鍍覆附著量從15g/m2 的薄鍍型至250g/m2 的厚鍍型中的任一例都抑制了飛濺及氣泡。因此確認可得具良好熔接部外觀與熔接強度的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板電弧熔接部件。As shown in No. 30-42, in the embodiment in which the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 , the distance D, the peak current IP, the period f, and the plating adhesion amount are within the range specified by the present invention, any of the welded parts based on the molten zinc-based steel sheet is used. Splashes and bubbles are suppressed in the middle. In particular, in the case of No. 38-42, any of the examples of the plating adhesion amount from the thin plating type of 15 g/m 2 to the thick plating type of 250 g/m 2 suppressed spatter and bubbles. Therefore, it was confirmed that a molten zinc-based steel sheet arc-welding member having a good welded portion appearance and welding strength can be obtained.
相對於此，表3的第43-51的比較例當中，鍍覆附著量超過本發明上限250g/m2 ，即使二氧化碳濃度CCO2 、距離D、峰值電流IP、週期f在本發明範圍內仍明顯產生鋅蒸氣。因此，無法抑制飛濺及氣泡之產生，無法得到良好熔接部外觀與熔接強度的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板電弧熔接部件。On the other hand, in the comparative examples of the 43-51 of Table 3, the plating adhesion amount exceeds the upper limit of the present invention by 250 g/m 2 , even if the carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 , the distance D, the peak current IP, and the period f are within the scope of the present invention. Significantly produces zinc vapor. Therefore, it is impossible to suppress the occurrence of spatter and bubbles, and it is impossible to obtain a molten zinc-based steel sheet arc-welding member having a good welded portion appearance and welding strength.
1・1’‧‧‧鍍熔融鋅系鋼板 1·1’‧‧‧Gypsum-coated zinc plate
2‧‧‧熔接線 2‧‧‧welding wire
2a‧‧‧線前端部 2a‧‧‧ front end of the line
3‧‧‧熔池 3‧‧‧ molten pool
4‧‧‧脈衝電弧 4‧‧‧ pulse arc
5‧‧‧熔滴 5‧‧‧fusion
6‧‧‧焊珠 6‧‧‧ welding beads
6a‧‧‧氣泡 6a‧‧‧ bubbles
7‧‧‧接觸部 7‧‧‧Contacts
7a‧‧‧角部(熔接對象部) 7a‧‧‧ corner (welding part)
8‧‧‧區域(計算飛濺數量之區域) 8‧‧‧ Area (area for calculating the number of splashes)
10‧‧‧熔接部件 10‧‧‧welding parts
f‧‧‧週期 F‧‧ cycle
CCO2‧‧‧二氧化碳濃度Carbon dioxide concentration C CO2 ‧‧‧
d1、d2...di‧‧‧(氣泡)長度 D1, d2...di‧‧‧ (bubble) length
D‧‧‧距離 D‧‧‧Distance
f‧‧‧週期 F‧‧ cycle
L‧‧‧(焊珠)長度 L‧‧‧ (bead) length
IB‧‧‧基值電流 IB‧‧‧ base current
IP‧‧‧峰值電流 IP‧‧‧peak current
PP‧‧‧峰值期間 PP‧‧‧ peak period
［圖1］係為脈衝電弧熔接法中脈衝電流波形的概略示意圖。 ［圖2］係為脈衝電弧熔接現象的剖面概略示意圖。 ［圖3］(a)本發明實施型態中的鍍熔融鋅系鋼板的電弧熔接方法中，以搭接接頭作填角熔接時，熔接線、與同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此之接觸部的位置關係之剖面概略示意圖；(b)基於T字接頭的填角熔接時，該位置關係之剖面概略示意圖。 ［圖4］保護氣體中的二氧化碳濃度(體積%)以及週期f(ms)的條件、及氣泡佔有率與飛濺附著數量關係之示意圖。 ［圖5］說明同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此熔接而成的熔接部件當中，氣泡佔有率的檢測方法之俯視圖。 ［圖6］說明同為鍍熔融鋅系鋼板之彼此熔接而成的熔接部件當中，飛濺附著數量的檢測方法之俯視圖。Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a pulse current waveform in a pulse arc welding method. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a phenomenon of pulse arc welding. [Fig. 3] (a) In the arc welding method of the molten zinc-based steel sheet in the embodiment of the present invention, when the lap joint is used for fillet welding, the weld line and the same molten zinc-based steel sheet are in contact with each other. A schematic cross-sectional view of the positional relationship of the part; (b) A schematic cross-sectional view of the positional relationship when the corner joint is welded based on the T-joint. Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration (% by volume) of carbon dioxide in the shielding gas and the period f (ms), and the relationship between the bubble occupancy rate and the amount of splash adhesion. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a method of detecting a bubble occupying ratio among the welded members in which the molten zinc-based steel sheets are welded to each other. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a method of detecting the amount of spatter adhesion among the welded members in which the molten zinc-based steel sheets are welded to each other.
Claims (10)
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| JP2017038943A JP6285062B1 (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | Arc welding method of hot-dip Zn-based plated steel sheet and method of manufacturing welded member |
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| CN115151364A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-10-04 | 日本制铁株式会社 | T-joint, building structure and method for manufacturing T-joint |
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| JP5787798B2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2015-09-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Solid wire and gas shielded arc welding method using the same |
| JP6114785B2 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-04-12 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Arc welding method for hot-dip Zn-based plated steel sheet with excellent weld appearance and weld strength, and method for producing welded member |
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| CN115151364A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-10-04 | 日本制铁株式会社 | T-joint, building structure and method for manufacturing T-joint |
| CN115151364B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2023-12-29 | 日本制铁株式会社 | T-joint, building structure and manufacturing method of T-joint |
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| JP6285062B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
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