TW201833033A - Method for preparation of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and composition thereof - Google Patents

Method for preparation of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and composition thereof Download PDF

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TW201833033A
TW201833033A TW106108328A TW106108328A TW201833033A TW 201833033 A TW201833033 A TW 201833033A TW 106108328 A TW106108328 A TW 106108328A TW 106108328 A TW106108328 A TW 106108328A TW 201833033 A TW201833033 A TW 201833033A
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tungsten bronze
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TWI631079B (en
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林建亨
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賽能有限公司
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparation of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and a composition of rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles comprising an organic or inorganic base material, rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles and additives. The rubidium cesium tungsten bronze particles (RbxCsy)0.33WOz is an alkali metal tungsten oxide material practical for use as a near infrared (NIR) absorbent, thermal mask additive, thermosetting resin or sputtering palladium material. The additive is practical for use in organic or inorganic substrates, such as plastic, paint, enamel, ink, adhesive, ceramic or glass, and prepared, for example, by a plasma torch.

Description

一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒製造方法以及其組合物  Method for producing bismuth tungsten bronze particles and composition thereof  

本發明係有關一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒製造方法以及其組合物，本發明涉及銣銫鎢青銅顆粒；該顆粒為奈米顆粒；該顆粒可用作近紅外線(NIR)吸收劑或熱遮罩添加劑；該顆粒應用於濺鍍鈀材、熱固樹脂；該添加劑用於有機或無機基材，例如塑膠、塗料、搪瓷、油墨、黏合劑、陶瓷或玻璃中；該添加劑例如通過等離子體炬製備之發明者。 The present invention relates to a method for producing bismuth tungsten bronze particles and a composition thereof, the present invention relates to bismuth tungsten bronze particles; the particles are nano granules; the particles can be used as near infrared ray (NIR) absorbers or thermal mask additives The granule is applied to a sputtered palladium material, a thermosetting resin; the additive is used in an organic or inorganic substrate such as a plastic, a coating, an enamel, an ink, a binder, a ceramic or a glass; the additive is prepared, for example, by a plasma torch inventor.

按，已知NIR吸收可通過將氧化鎢(WO3)的氧含量降低而實現。這通過使氧化鎢在升高的溫度下暴露於還原的氛圍以形成Magneli相鎢低氧化物WO3-X)而實現。NIR吸收還可通過在還原性條件下將正離子三元加入到WO3中而實現，這得到鎢青銅結構。例如鉀鎢青銅和銫鎢青銅各自是已知的。 According to the known, NIR absorption can be achieved by reducing the oxygen content of tungsten oxide (WO 3 ). This tungsten oxide by exposure to the reducing atmosphere at elevated temperature to form Magneli phase suboxides of tungsten WO 3 -X) is achieved. NIR absorption can also be achieved by adding a positive ion ternary to WO 3 under reducing conditions, which results in a tungsten bronze structure. For example, potassium tungsten bronze and tantalum tungsten bronze are known per se.

J.Am.Ceram.Soc.90[12]，4059-4061(2007)揭露了奈米尺度的鎢氧化物顆粒。 Nanoscale tungsten oxide particles are disclosed by J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90 [12], 4059-4061 (2007).

U.S.2005/0271566揭露了包含鎢的奈米顆粒。 U.S. Patent No. 2005/0271566 discloses nanoparticle comprising tungsten.

U.S.2008/0308755揭露了含有Cs0.33WO3顆粒的聚酯纖維。 US 2008/0308755 discloses polyester fibers containing Cs 0.33 WO 3 particles.

U.S.2008/0116426揭露了用於鐳射焊接的光吸收樹脂組合物。 A light absorbing resin composition for laser welding is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0116426.

是以，如何開發一種更具理想實用性之創新結構，實使用消費者所殷切企盼，亦係相關業者須努力研發突破之目標及方向。有鑑於此，創作人本於多年從事相關產品之製造開發與設計經驗，針對上述之目標，詳加設計與審慎評估後，終得一確具實用性之本發明。 Therefore, how to develop an innovative structure that is more ideal and practical, and to use the eagerly awaited by consumers, is also the goal and direction of the relevant industry to strive to develop breakthroughs. In view of this, the creator has been engaged in the manufacturing development and design experience of related products for many years. After detailed design and careful evaluation of the above objectives, the present invention has finally become practical.

即，本發明之主要目的，係在提供一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒製造方法以及其組合物；藉此創新獨特設計，使本發明對照先前技術而言，可達到該顆粒可用作近紅外線(NIR)吸收劑或熱遮罩添加劑；該添加劑用於有機或無機基材，例如塑膠、塗料、搪瓷、油墨、黏合劑、陶瓷或玻璃中；該添加劑例如通過等離子體炬製備之發明之實用進步性。 That is, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing bismuth tungsten bronze particles and a composition thereof; thereby, by innovative and unique design, the present invention can be used as a near infrared ray (NIR) according to the prior art. Absorbent or thermal mask additive; for use in organic or inorganic substrates such as plastics, coatings, enamels, inks, adhesives, ceramics or glass; practical advancement of the additive, for example by plasma torch preparation .

第1圖係顯示依據本發明實施例1、2、3及4之透明隔熱膜的UV-VIS-IR光譜。 Fig. 1 is a view showing the UV-VIS-IR spectrum of a transparent heat-insulating film according to Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention.

本發明提供一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒的製造方法，所述銣銫鎢青銅顆粒如式：(RbxCsy)0.33WOz，其中Rb為銣金屬元素，Cs為銫金屬元素，W為鎢，O為氧，且x+y1，2z3，該所述銣銫鎢青銅顆粒為粉末混合物，該粉末混合物含有基於1mol鎢，0.01mol~5mol的銣，和0.05mol~0.5mol的銫，粉末混合物之製造方法係針對該(RbxCsy)0.33WOz材料進行一奈米研磨製程，俾使形成一粒徑小於100nm的(RbxCsy)0.33WOz粉體。 The invention provides a method for manufacturing bismuth tungsten bronze particles, wherein the bismuth tungsten bronze particles have the formula: (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z , wherein Rb is a ruthenium metal element, Cs is a ruthenium metal element, and W is tungsten. O is oxygen and x+y 1,2 z 3, the bismuth tungsten bronze particles are a powder mixture containing 1 mol of tungsten, 0.01 mol to 5 mol of lanthanum, and 0.05 mol to 0.5 mol of lanthanum, and the powder mixture is manufactured according to the method (Rb x Cs) y ) 0.33 WO z material was subjected to a nano-milling process to form a (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm.

繼而，本發明還提供一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒的組合物，包含有機或無機基材和摻入其中的具有式(RbxCsy)0.33WOz的銣銫鎢青銅顆粒，其中x+y1，2z3，其中所述基材為塗料、塑膠、油墨、粘合劑、陶瓷、玻璃或搪瓷；較佳地，所述基材為可近紅外線(NIR)固化的塗料組合物；較佳地，其為呈板、片或薄膜形式的塑膠組合物，並且其中所述基材選自聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈、聚醯胺、聚苯乙烯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚氨酯、聚乙烯醇縮丁醛、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯及它們的共混物、合金和共聚物；較佳地，其包含選自有機磷穩定劑、受阻酚抗氧化劑、羥基胺、受阻胺光穩定劑、羥基苯基苯並***或羥基苯基三嗪UV吸收劑和其他無機或 有機NIR吸收劑的其他添加劑。 Further, the present invention provides a composition of cerium tungsten bronze particles comprising an organic or inorganic substrate and cerium tungsten bronze particles having the formula (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z incorporated therein, wherein x+y 1,2 z 3, wherein the substrate is a coating, a plastic, an ink, a binder, a ceramic, a glass or an enamel; preferably, the substrate is a near infrared (NIR) curable coating composition; preferably, a plastic composition in the form of a sheet, sheet or film, and wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene , polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-acrylonitrile, polyamide, polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene and their Blends, alloys and copolymers; preferably comprising an organophosphorus stabilizer, a hindered phenol antioxidant, a hydroxylamine, a hindered amine light stabilizer, a hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole or a hydroxyphenyl triazine UV Other additives for absorbents and other inorganic or organic NIR absorbers.

繼而，本發明銣銫鎢青銅顆粒作為近紅外線(NIR)吸收劑、熱遮罩添加劑、熱固樹脂或濺鍍鈀材的用途。 Further, the bismuth tungsten bronze particles of the present invention are used as a near infrared ray (NIR) absorber, a heat mask additive, a thermosetting resin or a sputter plated material.

【實施例1】  [Example 1]  

製備莫爾比Rb：Cs：W=0.0066：0.3234：3之透明隔熱材料。將10g偏鎢酸銨(Sigma-Aldrich製造及販售)配成水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體A1。取2.17g碳酸銫(Alfa Aesar生產)與0.031g碳酸铷(Alfa Aesar生產)配成水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體B1。再將液體B1滴入液體A1中，攪拌均勻，得到透明混合液體C1。將混合液體C1以180℃加熱，得到白色粉末初始物。將此初始產物置於10vol%氫氣/氬氣環境下，以600℃還原60分鐘，為藍色粉末。 A transparent heat insulating material having a molar ratio of Rb:Cs:W=0.0066:0.3234:3 was prepared. 10 g of ammonium metatungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was placed in an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a transparent liquid A1. 2.17 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) and 0.031 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) were mixed into an aqueous solution and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent liquid B1. Further, the liquid B1 was dropped into the liquid A1, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid C1 was heated at 180 ° C to obtain a white powder starting material. This initial product was placed under a 10 vol% hydrogen/argon atmosphere and reduced at 600 ° C for 60 minutes as a blue powder.

將藍色粉末加入相對於粉末重量為50wt%之分散劑(BYK生產)，利用2mm釔鋯珠研磨分散得到奈米分散液D1。將此分散液D1與壓克力樹脂配成隔熱塗料E1。將此隔熱塗料E1塗佈於玻璃基材上於80℃乾燥半小時後，得到透明隔熱薄塗膜。以UV-VIS-IR光譜測試，結果列於第1圖。 The blue powder was added to a dispersant (manufactured by BYK) having a weight of 50% by weight based on the weight of the powder, and was dispersed by grinding with 2 mm of zirconium beads to obtain a nano dispersion D1. This dispersion D1 was made into an insulating coating E1 with an acrylic resin. This heat-insulating paint E1 was applied onto a glass substrate and dried at 80 ° C for half an hour to obtain a transparent heat-insulating thin coating film. The results were tested by UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy and the results are shown in Figure 1.

【實施例2】  [Example 2]  

製備莫爾比Rb：W=0.33：3之透明隔熱材料。將10g偏鎢酸銨(Sigma-Aldrich製造及販售)配成水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體A1。取1.57g碳酸铷(Alfa Aesar生產)配成水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體B1。再將液體B1滴入液體A1中，攪拌均勻，得到透明混合液體C1。將混合液體以180℃加熱，白色粉末初始物。將此初始產物於10vol%氫氣/氬氣環境下，以600℃加熱60分鐘。將藍色粉末加入相對於粉體重量並加入相對於粉末重量為50wt%之分散劑(BYK生產)，利用2mm釔鋯珠研磨分散得到奈米分散液體D1。將此分散液D1與壓克力樹脂配成隔熱塗料E1。將此隔熱塗料E1塗佈於玻璃基材上於80℃乾燥半小時後，得到透明隔熱薄塗膜。以UV-VIS-IR光譜測試，結果列於第1圖。 A transparent heat insulating material having a molar ratio of Rb:W=0.33:3 was prepared. 10 g of ammonium metatungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was placed in an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a transparent liquid A1. 1.57 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) was placed in an aqueous solution and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent liquid B1. Further, the liquid B1 was dropped into the liquid A1, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid was heated at 180 ° C with a white powder starting material. This initial product was heated at 600 ° C for 60 minutes under a 10 vol% hydrogen/argon atmosphere. The blue powder was added to a powder having a weight of 50% by weight relative to the weight of the powder (manufactured by BYK), and dispersed by a 2 mm cerium-zirconium bead to obtain a nano-dispersed liquid D1. This dispersion D1 was made into an insulating coating E1 with an acrylic resin. This heat-insulating paint E1 was applied onto a glass substrate and dried at 80 ° C for half an hour to obtain a transparent heat-insulating thin coating film. The results were tested by UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy and the results are shown in Figure 1.

【實施例3】  [Example 3]  

製備莫爾比Rb：Cs：WO=0.165：0.165：0.33之透明隔熱材料。將10g偏鎢酸銨(Sigma-Aldrich製造及販售)配成水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體A1。取1.1g碳酸銫(Alfa Aesar生產)與0.79g碳酸铷(Alfa Aesar生產)配成 50wt%水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體B1。再將液體B1滴入液體A1中，攪拌均勻，得到透明混合液體C1。將混合液體以180℃加熱，得到白色粉末狀初始產物。將此初始產物於10vol%氫氣/氬氣環境下，以600℃加熱60分鐘。將藍色粉末加入相對於粉體重量並加入相對於粉末重量為50wt%之分散劑(BYK生產)，利用2mm釔鋯珠研磨分散得到奈米分散液體D1。將此分散液D1與壓克力樹脂配成隔熱塗料E1。將此隔熱塗料E1塗佈於玻璃基材上於80℃乾燥半小時後，得到透明隔熱薄塗膜。以UV-VIS-IR光譜測試，結果列於第1圖。 A transparent heat insulating material having a molar ratio of Rb:Cs:WO=0.165:0.165:0.33 was prepared. 10 g of ammonium metatungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was placed in an aqueous solution and stirred to obtain a transparent liquid A1. 1.1 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) and 0.79 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) were mixed into a 50 wt% aqueous solution, and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent liquid B1. Further, the liquid B1 was dropped into the liquid A1, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid was heated at 180 ° C to give an initial product as a white powder. This initial product was heated at 600 ° C for 60 minutes under a 10 vol% hydrogen/argon atmosphere. The blue powder was added to a powder having a weight of 50% by weight relative to the weight of the powder (manufactured by BYK), and dispersed by a 2 mm cerium-zirconium bead to obtain a nano-dispersed liquid D1. This dispersion D1 was made into an insulating coating E1 with an acrylic resin. This heat-insulating paint E1 was applied onto a glass substrate and dried at 80 ° C for half an hour to obtain a transparent heat-insulating thin coating film. The results were tested by UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy and the results are shown in Figure 1.

【實施例4】  [Embodiment 4]  

製備莫爾比Rb：Cs：W=0.033：0.297：3之透明隔熱材料。將10g偏鎢酸銨(Sigma-Aldrich製造及販售)配成30wt%水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體A1。取1.98g碳酸銫(Alfa Aesar生產)與0.157g碳酸铷(Alfa Aesar生產)配成50wt%水溶液，攪拌均勻，得到透明液體B1。再將液體B1滴入液體A1中，攪拌均勻，得到透明混合液體C1。將混合液體以180℃加熱，得到白色粉末狀初始產物。將藍色粉末加入相對於粉體重量並加入相對於粉末重量為50wt%之分散劑(BYK生產)，利用2mm釔鋯珠研磨分散得到奈米分散液體D1。將此分散液D1與壓克力樹脂配成隔熱塗料E1。將此隔熱塗料E1塗佈於玻璃基材上於80℃乾燥半小時後，得到透明隔熱薄塗膜。以UV-VIS-IR光譜測試，結果列於第1圖。 A transparent heat insulating material having a molar ratio of Rb:Cs:W=0.033:0.297:3 was prepared. 10 g of ammonium metatungstate (manufactured and sold by Sigma-Aldrich) was formulated into a 30 wt% aqueous solution, and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent liquid A1. 1.98 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) and 0.157 g of cesium carbonate (manufactured by Alfa Aesar) were mixed into a 50 wt% aqueous solution, and stirred uniformly to obtain a transparent liquid B1. Further, the liquid B1 was dropped into the liquid A1, and the mixture was uniformly stirred to obtain a transparent mixed liquid C1. The mixed liquid was heated at 180 ° C to give an initial product as a white powder. The blue powder was added to a powder having a weight of 50% by weight relative to the weight of the powder (manufactured by BYK), and dispersed by a 2 mm cerium-zirconium bead to obtain a nano-dispersed liquid D1. This dispersion D1 was made into an insulating coating E1 with an acrylic resin. This heat-insulating paint E1 was applied onto a glass substrate and dried at 80 ° C for half an hour to obtain a transparent heat-insulating thin coating film. The results were tested by UV-VIS-IR spectroscopy and the results are shown in Figure 1.

由實施例1至4之透明隔熱膜的隔熱性能指數比較結果可得知，含有鹼金族金屬的氧化鎢粉體之透明隔熱膜的隔熱性能高於只含有鹼金族金屬摻雜的氧化鎢粉體之透明隔熱膜。 It can be seen from the comparison of the thermal insulation performance indexes of the transparent heat-insulating films of Examples 1 to 4 that the heat insulating performance of the transparent heat-insulating film containing the alkali gold-group metal oxide powder is higher than that of the alkali metal-containing metal. Transparent heat-insulating film of miscellaneous tungsten oxide powder.

綜上所述，本發明之透明隔熱材料(RbxCsy)0.33WOz為鹼金族金屬的氧化鎢材料，利用此透明隔熱材料所製成的透明隔熱膜可同時兼具高可見光穿透率與高紅外線阻隔率，並且可以使用低成本的濕式塗佈方式製成薄膜。 In summary, the transparent heat insulating material (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z of the present invention is an alkali gold metal tungsten oxide material, and the transparent heat insulating film made of the transparent heat insulating material can simultaneously have high Visible light transmittance and high infrared ray rejection, and can be made into a film using a low-cost wet coating method.

雖然本發明已揭露較佳實施例如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何熟悉此項技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可做些許更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in its preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.

歸納上述的說明，藉由本發明上述結構的設計，可有效克服習式發明 所面臨的缺失，進一步具有上述眾多的優點及實用價值，因此本發明為一創意極佳之發明創作，且在相同的技術領域中未見相同或近似的產品創作或公開使用，故本發明已符合發明專利有關『新穎性』與『進步性』的要件，乃依法提出申請。 By summarizing the above description, the design of the above structure of the present invention can effectively overcome the shortcomings faced by the conventional invention, and further has the above-mentioned numerous advantages and practical values. Therefore, the present invention is an innovative invention and is identical in the same No identical or similar product creation or public use has been found in the technical field. Therefore, the present invention has met the requirements for "novelty" and "progressiveness" of the invention patent, and is applied according to law.

Claims (2)

一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒的製造方法，如式：(Rb xCs y) 0.33WO z；其中Rb為銣金屬元素，Cs為銫金屬元素，W為鎢，O為氧，且x+y 1，2 z 3，所述方法包括對該(Rb xCs y) 0.33WO z材料進行一奈米研磨製程，其中所述粉末混合物含有基於1mol鎢，0.01mol~5mol的銣，和0.05mol~0.5mol的銫，俾形成一粒徑小於100nm的(Rb xCs y) 0.33WO z粉體；所述銣銫鎢青銅顆粒係作為近紅外線(NIR)吸收劑、熱遮罩添加劑、熱固樹脂、濺鍍鈀材的用途。 A method for producing bismuth tungsten bronze particles, such as: (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z ; wherein Rb is a ruthenium metal element, Cs is a ruthenium metal element, W is tungsten, O is oxygen, and x+y 1,2 z 3. The method comprises performing a nano-milling process on the (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z material, wherein the powder mixture contains ruthenium based on 1 mol of tungsten, 0.01 mol to 5 mol, and 0.05 mol to 0.5 mol of ruthenium , 俾 forms a (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z powder having a particle diameter of less than 100 nm; the bismuth tungsten bronze particles are used as a near-infrared (NIR) absorber, a thermal mask additive, a thermosetting resin, and a sputtered palladium The use of materials. 一種銣銫鎢青銅顆粒的組合物，包含有機或無機基材和摻入其中的具有式(Rb xCs y) 0.33WO z的銣銫鎢青銅顆粒，其中x+y 1，2 z 3，其中所述基材為塗料、塑膠、油墨、黏合劑、陶瓷、玻璃或搪瓷，其中所述基材為可近紅外線(NIR)固化的塗料組合物，其為呈板、片或薄膜形式的塑膠組合物，並且其中所述基材選自聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈、聚醯胺、聚苯乙烯、聚對苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚氨酯、聚乙烯醇縮丁醛、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯及它們的共混物、合金和共聚物；其包含選自有機磷穩定劑、受阻酚抗氧化劑、羥基胺、受阻胺光穩定劑、羥基苯基苯並***或羥基苯基三嗪UV吸收劑和其他無機或有機NIR吸收劑的其他添加劑；該所述銣銫鎢青銅顆粒可作為近紅外線(NIR)吸收劑、熱遮罩添加劑、熱固樹脂、濺鍍鈀材的用途。 A composition of cerium tungsten bronze particles comprising an organic or inorganic substrate and cerium tungsten bronze particles having the formula (Rb x Cs y ) 0.33 WO z incorporated therein, wherein x+y 1,2 z 3, wherein the substrate is a coating, a plastic, an ink, a binder, a ceramic, a glass or an enamel, wherein the substrate is a near-infrared (NIR)-curable coating composition in the form of a sheet, sheet or film. Plastic composition, and wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene - acrylonitrile, polyamide, polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene and blends, alloys and copolymers thereof It comprises an organic phosphorus stabilizer, a hindered phenol antioxidant, a hydroxylamine, a hindered amine light stabilizer, a hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole or a hydroxyphenyl triazine UV absorber, and other inorganic or organic NIR absorbers. Additive; the bismuth tungsten bronze particles can be used as a near-infrared (NIR) absorber, a heat mask additive, a thermosetting resin, and a sputter-plated material.
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