TW201822709A - Real-time heart rate detection method and real-time heart rate detection system therefor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明有關於一種即時心跳偵測方法及即時心跳偵測系統，特別是有關一種藉由在適當的時間點切換不同的帶通性濾波器，以多執行緒並行式(multi-thread parallel processing)的做法，反映出即時以及長期穩定的心跳的即時心跳偵測方法及即時心跳偵測系統。The invention relates to a real-time heartbeat detection method and a real-time heartbeat detection system, and more particularly to a multi-thread parallel processing method by switching different band-pass filters at an appropriate time point. This method reflects the real-time and long-term stable heartbeat real-time heartbeat detection method and real-time heartbeat detection system.
習知的指紋辨識器僅具有指紋辨識功能而不具有其他功能。The conventional fingerprint reader only has a fingerprint recognition function and has no other functions.
另有先前技術提出：利用影像辨識的方式來偵測心跳。但，目前並沒有整合指紋辨識功能與心跳偵測的裝置。Another previous technology proposed: use image recognition to detect heartbeat. However, there is currently no device that integrates fingerprint recognition and heartbeat detection.
此外，已知利用影像辨識的方式來偵測心跳的方法中，若是採用較精確（頻帶較窄）的帶通濾波，則被偵測的心跳有可能不落在此頻帶範圍（例如，同一個人在運動中與睡眠中，心跳差異很大）。若是採用頻帶較寬的帶通濾波，則偵測心跳的準確度下降。因此，習知利用影像辨識來偵測心跳的方式中，即時心跳偵測正確率不能令人滿意。In addition, in the known methods for detecting heartbeats using image recognition, if a more accurate (narrower band) bandpass filter is used, the detected heartbeats may not fall within this frequency band (for example, the same person (Heartbeats vary greatly between exercise and sleep). If a band-pass filter with a wide frequency band is used, the accuracy of detecting the heartbeat decreases. Therefore, in the conventional method for detecting heartbeat using image recognition, the accuracy of real-time heartbeat detection is not satisfactory.
有鑑於此，本發明提出一種能夠藉由在適當的時間點切換不同的帶通性濾波器，以多執行緒並行式的做法，反映出即時以及長期穩定的心跳的即時心跳偵測方法及即時心跳偵測系統。In view of this, the present invention proposes a real-time heartbeat detection method and real-time method that can reflect real-time and long-term stable heartbeats by switching between different band-pass filters at appropriate time points in a multi-threaded parallel approach. Heartbeat detection system.
就其中一觀點言，本發明提供了一種即時心跳偵測方法，藉由感測一手指特徵而偵測即時心跳，該方法包含以下步驟：(A)投射光至該手指以產生一反射光；(B)藉由一感測單元接收該反射光，以產生至少一原始指紋影像； (C)根據該至少一原始指紋影像以產生對應之多個原始波形資訊；(D)自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一，以過濾該原始波形資訊；(E) 根據過濾後的原始波形資訊，計算一初始心跳；(F)檢查計算出之該初始心跳的頻率範圍，決定適合之帶通性濾波器； (G)輸出一最終心跳；以及重複步驟(A)-(G)，其中，於重複步驟(D)時，根據前一次的步驟(F)而自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一; 以及其中，步驟(F)與(G)至少部分同時進行，且本次的步驟(A)-(C)與前一次的步驟(F)-(G) 至少部分同時進行。In one aspect, the present invention provides a real-time heartbeat detection method that detects a real-time heartbeat by sensing a finger feature. The method includes the following steps: (A) projecting light onto the finger to generate a reflected light; (B) receiving the reflected light by a sensing unit to generate at least one original fingerprint image; (C) generating corresponding original waveform information according to the at least one original fingerprint image; (D) from a plurality of different Select one of the bandpass filters to filter the original waveform information; (E) calculate an initial heartbeat based on the filtered original waveform information; (F) check the frequency range of the initial heartbeat calculated to determine the appropriate band A pass filter; (G) outputting a final heartbeat; and repeating steps (A)-(G), in which, when step (D) is repeated, a plurality of different bandpasses are set according to the previous step (F) Select one of the linear filters; and wherein steps (F) and (G) are performed at least partially at the same time, and steps (A)-(C) of this time are at least partially performed simultaneously with the previous steps (F)-(G) get on.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，步驟(D)包括以下步驟：(D1) 選擇該複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中的一個，以過濾該多個原始波形資訊中的雜訊，而產生前處理化波形資訊；(D2)將該前處理化波形資訊低通濾波取其平均值，以產生平均化波形資訊；以及(D3)根據該前處理化波形資訊與該平均化波形資訊彼此相切之部分，產生對應之一週期資訊。In a preferred implementation, step (D) includes the following steps: (D1) selecting one of the plurality of different bandpass filters to filter noise in the plurality of original waveform information, and Generating pre-processed waveform information; (D2) low-pass filtering the pre-processed waveform information to average it to generate averaged waveform information; and (D3) based on the pre-processed waveform information and the averaged waveform information The tangent part generates a corresponding period of information.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，步驟(E)包括以下步驟：根據該週期資訊，產生該初始心跳。In a preferred embodiment, step (E) includes the following steps: generating the initial heartbeat based on the cycle information.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，步驟(F)包括以下步驟：(F1)檢查該初始心跳是否為一穩定值，如是則進行步驟(F2)，否則進行步驟(F3)；(F2)根據此穩定值，決定適合之帶通性濾波器，並接著進行步驟(F3)；以及(F3)對該初始心跳進行低通濾波，以輸出該最終心跳。In a preferred embodiment, step (F) includes the following steps: (F1) checks whether the initial heartbeat is a stable value, and if so, proceeds to step (F2), otherwise proceeds to step (F3); (F2) according to This stable value determines a suitable bandpass filter, and then proceeds to step (F3); and (F3) performs low-pass filtering on the initial heartbeat to output the final heartbeat.
就另一觀點言，本發明提供了一種即時心跳偵測系統，用以感測一手指特徵而偵測即時心跳，其包含:一指紋感測器，包含一光源以及一感測單元，該光源投射光至該手指以產生一反射光，該感測單元接收該反射光以產生至少一原始指紋影像；一像素資訊接收器，根據該至少一原始指紋影像以產生對應之多個原始波形資訊；以及 一計算器，具有複數個不同的帶通性濾波器，該計算器自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一，以過濾該原始波形資訊，且該計算器根據過濾後的原始波形資訊，計算一初始心跳；其中， 該計算器檢查計算出之該初始心跳的頻率範圍，決定適合之帶通性濾波器，且，該計算器輸出一最終心跳；其中，該計算器檢查計算出之該初始心跳的頻率範圍，決定適合之帶通性濾波器與該計算器輸出該最終心跳彼此之間為至少部分同時進行。In another aspect, the present invention provides a real-time heartbeat detection system for detecting a finger feature to detect the real-time heartbeat. The system includes a fingerprint sensor including a light source and a sensing unit. Projecting light onto the finger to generate a reflected light, the sensing unit receives the reflected light to generate at least one original fingerprint image; a pixel information receiver generates corresponding original waveform information according to the at least one original fingerprint image; And a calculator having a plurality of different band-pass filters, the calculator selecting one of the plurality of different band-pass filters to filter the original waveform information, and the calculator according to the filtered original waveforms Information to calculate an initial heartbeat; wherein, the calculator checks the calculated frequency range of the initial heartbeat to determine a suitable bandpass filter, and the calculator outputs a final heartbeat; wherein, the calculator checks and calculates The frequency range of the initial heartbeat determines the suitable bandpass filter and the calculator outputs the final heartbeat at least partially simultaneously with each other.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，該計算器包括:一波形過濾單元，用以根據該多個原始波形資訊，產生一週期資訊；一心跳計算單元，用以根據該週期資訊，產生一初始心跳；以及一檢查單元，用以檢查該初始心跳落在哪一個頻帶，以決定適合之帶通性濾波器及檢查該初始心跳是否穩定。In a preferred embodiment, the calculator includes: a waveform filtering unit for generating a period of information based on the plurality of original waveform information; and a heartbeat calculation unit for generating an initial period of time based on the period information. A heartbeat; and a checking unit for checking which frequency band the initial heartbeat falls in to determine a suitable bandpass filter and check whether the initial heartbeat is stable.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，該波形過濾單元包括: 一多段式帶通性濾波器，具有複數個不同的帶通性濾波器，其中，該複數個不同的帶通性濾波器用以過濾該多個原始波形資訊中的雜訊，以產生前處理化波形資訊；以及一低通濾波器，用以將該前處理化波形資訊取其平均值，以產生平均化波形資訊；其中，該波形過濾單元根據該前處理化波形資訊與該平均化波形資訊彼此相切之部分，產生對應之該週期資訊。In a preferred implementation form, the waveform filtering unit includes: a multi-segment band-pass filter having a plurality of different band-pass filters, wherein the plurality of different band-pass filters are used for Filtering the noise in the plurality of original waveform information to generate pre-processed waveform information; and a low-pass filter for averaging the pre-processed waveform information to generate averaged waveform information; wherein, The waveform filtering unit generates corresponding periodic information according to a portion where the pre-processed waveform information and the averaged waveform information are tangent to each other.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，當該初始心跳穩定時，該檢查單元輸出一頻帶切換訊號至該像素資訊接收器，而自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一。In a preferred embodiment, when the initial heartbeat is stable, the inspection unit outputs a frequency band switching signal to the pixel information receiver, and selects one of a plurality of different bandpass filters.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，當該初始心跳不為穩定時，該檢查單元對該初始心跳進行低通濾波而輸出最終心跳。In a preferred implementation form, when the initial heartbeat is not stable, the inspection unit performs low-pass filtering on the initial heartbeat and outputs a final heartbeat.
在一種較佳的實施型態中，該手指特徵為一指紋特徵。In a preferred embodiment, the finger feature is a fingerprint feature.
底下藉由具體實施例詳加說明，當更容易瞭解本發明之目的、技術內容、特點及其所達成之功效。Detailed descriptions will be provided below through specific embodiments to make it easier to understand the purpose, technical content, features and effects of the present invention.
有關本發明之前述及其他技術內容、特點與功效，在以下配合參考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈現。本發明中的圖式均屬示意，主要意在表示各裝置以及各元件之間之上下次序關係，至於形狀、厚度與寬度則並未依照比例繪製。The foregoing and other technical contents, features, and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings in the present invention are schematic, and are mainly intended to represent the order relationship between the devices and components. As for the shape, thickness, and width, they are not drawn to scale.
請參考第1圖並對照第3圖。第1圖為流程圖，其示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法的一實施例。第3圖示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法所適用的即時心跳偵測系統的一實施例之方塊示意圖。Please refer to Figure 1 and compare with Figure 3. FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a real-time heartbeat detection system to which the real-time heartbeat detection method of the present invention is applied.
如第3圖所示，即時心跳偵測系統10用以感測一手指特徵而偵測即時心跳。在一實施例中，手指特徵例如但不限於可為一指紋特徵。As shown in FIG. 3, the real-time heartbeat detection system 10 is used to detect a finger feature to detect the real-time heartbeat. In one embodiment, the finger feature may be, for example, but not limited to, a fingerprint feature.
即時心跳偵測系統10包含: 一指紋感測器11、一像素資訊接收器12以及一計算器13。指紋感測器11包含一光源111以及一感測單元112。其中，在一實施例中，感測單元112例如但不限於可為一像素矩陣感測單元。光源投射光至手指33以產生一反射光L1(步驟ST1)。感測單元112接收反射光L1，以產生至少一原始指紋影像F1(步驟ST2)。The real-time heartbeat detection system 10 includes: a fingerprint sensor 11, a pixel information receiver 12, and a calculator 13. The fingerprint sensor 11 includes a light source 111 and a sensing unit 112. In one embodiment, the sensing unit 112 may be, for example, but not limited to, a pixel matrix sensing unit. The light source projects light onto the finger 33 to generate a reflected light L1 (step ST1). The sensing unit 112 receives the reflected light L1 to generate at least one original fingerprint image F1 (step ST2).
像素資訊接收器12根據至少一原始指紋影像F1，以產生對應之多個原始波形資訊W1(步驟ST3)。The pixel information receiver 12 generates a plurality of original waveform information W1 according to at least one original fingerprint image F1 (step ST3).
計算器13具有複數個不同的帶通性濾波器131A(見第5圖)。在一實施例中，計算器13可自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器131A中擇一，以過濾原始波形資訊W1(步驟ST4)。且，計算器13根據過濾後的原始波形資訊，計算一初始心跳HR0(步驟ST5)。The calculator 13 has a plurality of different band-pass filters 131A (see FIG. 5). In one embodiment, the calculator 13 may select one of a plurality of different band-pass filters 131A to filter the original waveform information W1 (step ST4). Moreover, the calculator 13 calculates an initial heartbeat HR0 based on the filtered original waveform information (step ST5).
值得注意的是，本發明其中之一的特徵與優點在於: 在初步獲取初始心跳HR0之後，計算器13會進一步地檢查步驟ST5所計算出之初始心跳HR0的頻率範圍，藉此，本發明能夠決定之哪一個帶通性濾波器為最適合的(步驟ST6)。因此，本發明可以採用較為精確（頻帶較窄）的帶通性濾波器來精確過濾，已取得較精準的心跳資訊。It is worth noting that one of the features and advantages of the present invention is that after the initial heartbeat HR0 is obtained initially, the calculator 13 will further check the frequency range of the initial heartbeat HR0 calculated in step ST5, whereby the present invention can It is determined which band-pass filter is the most suitable (step ST6). Therefore, the present invention can use a more accurate (narrower frequency band) bandpass filter to accurately filter, and has obtained more accurate heartbeat information.
在步驟ST6之後，計算器13將會輸出一最終心跳HR1(步驟ST7)。After step ST6, the calculator 13 will output a final heartbeat HR1 (step ST7).
更詳言之，本發明中之特徵與優點包括:More specifically, the features and advantages in the present invention include:
第一、在輸出最終心跳HR1之後，本發明之即時心跳偵測系統10所採用的即時心跳偵測方法會重複步驟ST1~ST7。於重複上述步驟ST4時，計算器13可根據前一次的步驟ST6(即計算器13會進一步地檢查步驟ST5所計算出之初始心跳HR0的頻率範圍，藉此，本發明能夠決定哪一個帶通性濾波器為最適合的)而自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器131A中擇一。.First, after the final heartbeat HR1 is output, the instant heartbeat detection method used by the instant heartbeat detection system 10 of the present invention repeats steps ST1 to ST7. When repeating the above step ST4, the calculator 13 may further check the frequency range of the initial heartbeat HR0 calculated in step ST5 according to the previous step ST6 (that is, the calculator 13 will further determine which bandpass Filter is the most suitable) and one of a plurality of different band-pass filters 131A is selected. .
第二、請特別看第1圖，計算器13檢查計算出之初始心跳HR0的頻率範圍，決定適合之帶通性濾波器的步驟(即步驟ST6)與計算器13輸出最終心跳HR1 的步驟(即步驟ST7) 彼此之間至少部分同時進行。Second, please look at Figure 1 in particular. The calculator 13 checks the calculated frequency range of the initial heartbeat HR0, determines the appropriate bandpass filter (ie step ST6) and the calculator 13 outputs the final heartbeat HR1 ( That is, step ST7) is performed at least partially simultaneously with each other.
第三、請特別看第6圖，本次的步驟ST1~ST3與前一次的步驟ST6~ST7至少部分同時進行。Thirdly, please refer to FIG. 6 in particular. Steps ST1 to ST3 of this time and steps ST6 to ST7 of the previous time are performed at least partially simultaneously.
值得注意的是，根據上述，由於本發明的步驟ST6~步驟ST7彼此之間至少部分同時進行，且，在本發明中，本次的步驟ST1~ST3與前一次的步驟ST6~ST7至少部分同時進行，因此，本發明能夠切換不同的帶通性濾波器以得出最精確的偵測結果，且多執行緒(multi-thread)並行式(parallel processing)的做法可以縮短流程的時間，以即時反映出目前以及長期穩定的心跳。It is worth noting that according to the above, since steps ST6 to ST7 of the present invention are performed at least partially simultaneously with each other, and in the present invention, steps ST1 to ST3 of this time are at least partially simultaneously to the previous steps ST6 to ST7. Therefore, the present invention can switch different band-pass filters to obtain the most accurate detection result, and the multi-thread parallel processing method can shorten the time of the process in real time Reflects current and long-term stable heartbeats.
請參考第2圖並對照第4圖。第2圖為流程圖，其示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法的一具體實施例。第4圖示出本發明之計算器的一實施例之方塊示意圖。Please refer to Figure 2 and compare with Figure 4. FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a calculator of the present invention.
如第4圖所示，在一實施例中，計算器13例如但不限於可包括: 一波形過濾單元131、一心跳計算單元132及一檢查單元133。As shown in FIG. 4, in an embodiment, the calculator 13 may include, for example, but not limited to, a waveform filtering unit 131, a heartbeat calculation unit 132, and an inspection unit 133.
波形過濾單元131用以根據多個原始波形資訊W1，產生一週期資訊P1(步驟ST4)。心跳計算單元132用以根據週期資訊P1，產生一初始心跳HR0(步驟ST51)。檢查單元133一方面用以檢查初始心跳HR0落在哪一個頻帶，以決定適合之帶通性濾波器。此外，另一方面，檢查單元133可以檢查初始心跳HR0是否為一穩定值(步驟ST61)。The waveform filtering unit 131 is configured to generate a period of information P1 based on the plurality of original waveform information W1 (step ST4). The heartbeat calculation unit 132 is configured to generate an initial heartbeat HR0 according to the period information P1 (step ST51). The checking unit 133 is used to check which frequency band the initial heartbeat HR0 falls on to determine a suitable bandpass filter. In addition, on the other hand, the checking unit 133 may check whether the initial heartbeat HR0 is a stable value (step ST61).
請參考第2圖並對照第5圖及第7圖。第5圖示出本發明之計算器的一具體實施例之方塊示意圖。第7圖示出與心跳相關的對應之週期資訊的產生方法。Please refer to Figure 2 and compare Figures 5 and 7. FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a specific embodiment of the calculator of the present invention. FIG. 7 illustrates a method of generating corresponding periodic information related to a heartbeat.
如第5圖所示，在一實施例中，計算器13的波形過濾單元131例如但不限於可包括: 一多段式帶通性濾波器131A及一低通濾波器131B。As shown in FIG. 5, in an embodiment, the waveform filtering unit 131 of the calculator 13 may include, for example, but not limited to: a multi-segment band-pass filter 131A and a low-pass filter 131B.
本發明所指之多段式帶通性濾波器131A乃是具有複數個不同的帶通性濾波器。多段式帶通性濾波器131A用以過濾多個原始波形資訊W1中的雜訊，以產生一前處理化波形資訊T1(如第7圖所示; 同時參考第2圖所示之步驟ST41)。The multi-segment band-pass filter 131A referred to in the present invention is a plurality of different band-pass filters. The multi-band band-pass filter 131A is used to filter noise in multiple original waveform information W1 to generate a pre-processed waveform information T1 (as shown in FIG. 7; refer to step ST41 shown in FIG. 2) .
值得注意的是，本發明其中之又一的特徵與優點在於: 由於多段式帶通性濾波器131A具有複數個不同的帶通性濾波器，因此計算器13的波形過濾單元131可根據前一次的步驟ST6(即計算器13的波形過濾單元131會進一步地檢查步驟ST5所計算出之初始心跳HR0的頻率範圍，藉此，本發明能夠決定多段式帶通性濾波器131A中的哪一個帶通性濾波器為最適合的)而自多段式帶通性濾波器131A所具有的複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一。如此一來，重複幾次之後，前處理化波形資訊T1的雜訊會大幅減少。It is worth noting that another feature and advantage of the present invention is that: since the multi-segment band-pass filter 131A has a plurality of different band-pass filters, the waveform filtering unit 131 of the calculator 13 can be Step ST6 (i.e., the waveform filtering unit 131 of the calculator 13 further checks the frequency range of the initial heartbeat HR0 calculated in step ST5, whereby the present invention can determine which band of the multi-segment bandpass filter 131A The pass filter is most suitable) and one of a plurality of different band pass filters included in the multi-segment band pass filter 131A is selected. In this way, after repeating several times, the noise of the pre-processed waveform information T1 will be greatly reduced.
低通濾波器131B用以將前處理化波形資訊T1取其平均值，以產生一平均化波形資訊T2(如第7圖所示; 同時參考第2圖所示之步驟ST42)。The low-pass filter 131B is used to average the pre-processed waveform information T1 to generate an averaged waveform information T2 (as shown in FIG. 7; refer to step ST42 shown in FIG. 2).
接著，波形過濾單元131便可根據前處理化波形資訊T1與平均化波形資訊T2彼此相切之部分，產生對應之週期資訊P1(如第2圖所示之步驟ST43; 同時參考第5圖)。Then, the waveform filtering unit 131 can generate the corresponding period information P1 according to the portion where the pre-processed waveform information T1 and the averaged waveform information T2 are tangent to each other (as shown in step ST43 in FIG. 2; also refer to FIG. 5). .
請參考第2圖並對照第4圖及第5圖。值得注意的是，本發明其中之又一的特徵與優點在於: 檢查單元133一方面用以檢查初始心跳HR0落在哪一個頻帶，以決定適合之帶通性濾波器。此外，另一方面，檢查單元133可以檢查初始心跳HR0是否為一穩定值(步驟ST61)。Please refer to Figure 2 and compare Figures 4 and 5. It is worth noting that another feature and advantage of the present invention is that the checking unit 133 is used to check which frequency band the initial heartbeat HR0 falls on to determine a suitable band-pass filter. In addition, on the other hand, the checking unit 133 may check whether the initial heartbeat HR0 is a stable value (step ST61).
當初始心跳是為穩定值時，便根據此穩定值決定合適的帶通性濾波器(步驟ST62) ，檢查單元133會輸出一頻帶切換訊號SB至像素資訊接收器12。於重複步驟ST4時，便根據前一次的步驟ST6(步驟ST62)，而自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一。When the initial heartbeat is a stable value, an appropriate band-pass filter is determined according to the stable value (step ST62), and the checking unit 133 outputs a band switching signal SB to the pixel information receiver 12. When step ST4 is repeated, one of a plurality of different band-pass filters is selected according to the previous step ST6 (step ST62).
此外，較佳地，可對初始心跳HR0進行低通濾波(步驟ST63)。In addition, preferably, the initial heartbeat HR0 may be low-pass filtered (step ST63).
當初始心跳不為穩定值時，則步驟ST61 直接進行至步驟ST63。之後，檢查單元133就會輸出最終心跳HR1 (步驟ST7)。When the initial heartbeat is not a stable value, step ST61 proceeds directly to step ST63. After that, the checking unit 133 outputs the final heartbeat HR1 (step ST7).
當然，最值得注意的是: 上述的「當初始心跳是為穩定值時，便根據此穩定值決定合適的帶通性濾波器(步驟ST62) ，檢查單元133會輸出一頻帶切換訊號SB至像素資訊接收器12；於重複步驟ST4時，便根據前一次的步驟ST6(步驟ST62)，而自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中擇一」 與上述的「對初始心跳HR0進行低通濾波(步驟ST63)，之後，檢查單元133就會輸出最終心跳HR1(步驟ST7)」彼此之間為至少部分同時進行，藉此本發明能夠藉由在適當的時間點切換不同的帶通性濾波器，以多執行緒(multi-thread)並行式的做法，反映出即時以及長期穩定的心跳。Of course, the most noteworthy is: The above-mentioned "When the initial heartbeat is a stable value, an appropriate band-pass filter is determined based on this stable value (step ST62), and the inspection unit 133 will output a band switching signal SB to pixels Information receiver 12; When step ST4 is repeated, one of a plurality of different bandpass filters is selected according to the previous step ST6 (step ST62) "and the above-mentioned" low-pass filtering of the initial heartbeat HR0 " (Step ST63), after that, the inspection unit 133 outputs the final heartbeat HR1 (Step ST7) "at least partially simultaneously with each other, whereby the present invention can switch different band-pass filters at appropriate points in time The multi-threaded parallel approach reflects instant and long-term stable heartbeats.
至於本發明如何藉由在適當的時間點切換不同的帶通性濾波器，以多執行緒(multi-thread)並行式的做法，反映出即時以及長期穩定的心跳，請參考第6圖、第8圖及第9圖。第8圖示出不同的帶通性濾波器各自具有不同的頻帶，其各自對應不同的心跳頻率區間。第9圖為一波德圖，其舉例示出在某個頻帶時，頻率響應增益的分貝值對頻率的變化關係圖。As for how the present invention reflects a real-time and long-term stable heartbeat by switching different band-pass filters at an appropriate time point in a multi-thread parallel manner, please refer to FIG. 6 and FIG. Figure 8 and Figure 9. FIG. 8 shows that different band-pass filters each have different frequency bands, and each of them corresponds to a different heartbeat frequency interval. Fig. 9 is a Bode plot, which illustrates the relationship between the decibel value of the frequency response gain and the frequency in a certain frequency band.
如第8圖所示，不同的個人，各自具有的心跳頻率區間都不相同。因此，本發明的優點在於: 將各自不同的心跳頻率區間對應各自不同的頻帶。這裡所謂的頻帶指的是上述的多段式帶通性濾波器131A所具有的複數個不同的帶通性濾波器，其中，各自不同的帶通性濾波器具有各自不同的頻帶。如第8圖所示，舉例而言，當某人的心跳頻率區間小於60 Hz，則其所對應的頻帶為A。當某人的心跳頻率區間介於80 Hz~100 Hz，則其所對應的頻帶為C。值得注意的是，在一實施例中，第8圖所示的頻帶A~E，彼此之間可以是相互重疊的。在另一實施例中，第8圖所示的頻帶A~E，彼此之間亦可以是完全不相互重疊的。當然，各帶通性濾波器所對應的心跳頻率區間不限於此實施例的安排方式，而可以任意變化。As shown in Figure 8, different individuals have different heartbeat frequency ranges. Therefore, the present invention is advantageous in that: different heartbeat frequency intervals correspond to different frequency bands. The band referred to here refers to a plurality of different band-pass filters included in the above-mentioned multi-segment band-pass filter 131A, and each of the different band-pass filters has a different frequency band. As shown in Figure 8, for example, when a person's heartbeat frequency interval is less than 60 Hz, the corresponding frequency band is A. When a person's heartbeat frequency ranges from 80 Hz to 100 Hz, the corresponding frequency band is C. It is worth noting that, in an embodiment, the frequency bands A to E shown in FIG. 8 may overlap each other. In another embodiment, the frequency bands A to E shown in FIG. 8 may not overlap each other at all. Of course, the heartbeat frequency interval corresponding to each band-pass filter is not limited to the arrangement of this embodiment, but can be arbitrarily changed.
舉例來說，在第一次過濾多個原始波形資訊W1中的雜訊時，所選用的帶通性濾波器的頻帶例如但不限於可為: 36~180。而這36~180的頻帶範圍乃是比上述的頻帶A~E的範圍都要來得大。接下來，一旦本發明的即時心跳偵測方法開始不斷地重複步驟ST1~ST7(見第1圖)，且初始心跳為一穩定值時，本發明便可將「36~180的頻帶範圍」切換成其他的頻帶(亦可參見第6圖)。例如，假設某人的心跳頻率區間介於80 Hz~100 Hz，則在此情況下，在步驟ST4便可例如但不限於自複數個不同的帶通性濾波器中選擇頻帶為C的那一個帶通性濾波器(亦可參見第6圖)。For example, when the noise in the plurality of original waveform information W1 is filtered for the first time, the frequency band of the selected band-pass filter may be, for example, but not limited to: 36 ~ 180. The 36-180 frequency band range is larger than the above-mentioned frequency bands A to E. Next, once the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention begins to continuously repeat steps ST1 to ST7 (see Fig. 1) and the initial heartbeat is a stable value, the present invention can switch the "36-180 frequency band range" Into other frequency bands (see also Figure 6). For example, assuming that someone's heartbeat frequency range is between 80 Hz and 100 Hz, in this case, in step ST4, for example, but not limited to, the frequency band C is selected from a plurality of different band-pass filters. Bandpass filter (see also Figure 6).
本發明使用較精確的多個帶通性濾波器，且動態地在不同的帶通性濾波器間切換，可以因應不同人的不同心跳特徵，也可以因應同一個人的不同活動狀態，來得出最精確的心跳資訊。The present invention uses more accurate multiple band-pass filters and dynamically switches between different band-pass filters, which can be based on different heartbeat characteristics of different people, and can also be based on different activity states of the same person to obtain the most Accurate heartbeat information.
以上已針對較佳實施例來說明本發明，唯以上所述者，僅係為使熟悉本技術者易於了解本發明的內容而已，並非用來限定本發明之權利範圍。在本發明之相同精神下，熟悉本技術者可以思及各種等效變化。凡此種種，皆可根據本發明的教示類推而得。此外，所說明之各個實施例，並不限於單獨應用，亦可以組合應用，例如但不限於將兩實施例併用。因此，本發明的範圍應涵蓋上述及其他所有等效變化。此外，本發明的任一實施型態不必須達成所有的目的或優點，因此，請求專利範圍任一項也不應以此為限。The present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the above is only for making those skilled in the art easily understand the content of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. In the same spirit of the invention, those skilled in the art can think of various equivalent changes. All these can be deduced by analogy according to the teachings of the present invention. In addition, each of the embodiments described is not limited to being applied alone, and can also be applied in combination, such as, but not limited to, combining the two embodiments. Therefore, the scope of the invention should cover the above and all other equivalent variations. In addition, any embodiment of the present invention does not have to achieve all the objectives or advantages. Therefore, any one of the scope of the claimed patent should not be limited to this.
10‧‧‧即時心跳偵測系統10‧‧‧Real-time heartbeat detection system
11‧‧‧指紋感測器11‧‧‧Fingerprint sensor
111‧‧‧光源111‧‧‧light source
112‧‧‧感測單元112‧‧‧Sensing unit
12‧‧‧像素資訊接收器12‧‧‧ Pixel Information Receiver
13‧‧‧計算器13‧‧‧ calculator
131‧‧‧波形過濾單元131‧‧‧Waveform filtering unit
131A‧‧‧多段式帶通性濾波器131A‧‧‧Multi-Segment Band Pass Filter
131B‧‧‧低通濾波器131B‧‧‧Low-pass filter
132‧‧‧心跳計算單元132‧‧‧heartbeat calculation unit
133‧‧‧檢查單元133‧‧‧ Inspection Unit
33‧‧‧手指33‧‧‧finger
A~E‧‧‧頻帶A ~ E‧‧‧ Band
F1‧‧‧原始指紋影像F1‧‧‧ raw fingerprint image
HR0‧‧‧初始心跳HR0‧‧‧initial heartbeat
HR1‧‧‧最終心跳HR1‧‧‧ ultimate heartbeat
L1‧‧‧反射光L1‧‧‧Reflected light
P1‧‧‧週期資訊P1‧‧‧ Cycle Information
SB‧‧‧頻帶切換訊號SB‧‧‧band switching signal
ST1~ST7‧‧‧步驟ST1 ~ ST7‧‧‧‧steps
ST41~ST43‧‧‧步驟ST41 ~ ST43 ‧‧‧ steps
ST51、ST61‧‧‧步驟ST51, ST61‧‧‧ steps
T1‧‧‧前處理化波形資訊T1‧‧‧Pre-processed waveform information
T2‧‧‧平均化波形資訊T2‧‧‧Averaged waveform information
W1‧‧‧原始波形資訊W1‧‧‧ raw waveform information
第1圖為流程圖，其示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法的一實施例。FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention.
第2圖為流程圖，其示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法的一具體實施例。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention.
第3圖示出本發明之即時心跳偵測方法所適用的即時心跳偵測系統的一實施例之方塊示意圖。FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a real-time heartbeat detection system to which the real-time heartbeat detection method of the present invention is applied.
第4圖示出本發明之計算器的一實施例之方塊示意圖。FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a calculator of the present invention.
第5圖示出本發明之計算器的一具體實施例之方塊示意圖。FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a specific embodiment of the calculator of the present invention.
第6圖示出在本發明之即時心跳偵測方法的步驟中，本次的步驟(A)-(C)與前一次的步驟(F)-(G) 至少部分同時進行。FIG. 6 shows that in the steps of the instant heartbeat detection method of the present invention, steps (A)-(C) of this time and steps (F)-(G) of the previous time are performed at least partially simultaneously.
第7圖示出與心跳相關的對應之週期資訊的產生方法。FIG. 7 illustrates a method of generating corresponding periodic information related to a heartbeat.
第8圖示出不同的帶通性濾波器各自具有不同的頻帶，其各自對應不同的心跳頻率區間。FIG. 8 shows that different band-pass filters each have different frequency bands, and each of them corresponds to a different heartbeat frequency interval.
第9圖為一波德圖，其示出在某個頻帶時，頻率響應增益的分貝值對頻率的變化關係圖。FIG. 9 is a Bode plot, which shows the relationship between the decibel value of the frequency response gain and the frequency in a certain frequency band.
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