TW201818879A - Multiple wavelength optical system - Google Patents

Abstract

A multiple wavelength optical system includes plural solid state light sources, an optical diffuser, a lens assembly, and at least one photodetector. The solid state light sources have different wavelength ranges respectively. The optical diffuser has an incident surface and an exit surface opposite to the incident surface. The solid state light sources are disposed opposite the incident surface, and the lens assembly is disposed opposite the exit surface. Each of the solid state light sources faces the incident surface with the same direction. The lights of the solid state light sources enter the optical diffuser and exit from the exit surface, and then are focused by the lens assembly. Finally, the focused lights are projected on a surface of a measured object. At least one photodetector receives the reflected lights or the penetrating lights from the surface of the measured object.

Description

多波長光學系統 Multi-wavelength optical system

本揭露實施例是有關於一種光學系統，且特別是有關於一種可應用於光學探頭之多波長光學系統。 The disclosed embodiments relate to an optical system, and more particularly to a multi-wavelength optical system that can be applied to an optical probe.

具有多波長特性的光源為量測生醫組織之光譜資訊的重要元件。傳統上，通常使用寬頻光源，例如鹵素燈或氣體放電燈，來量測生醫組織之光譜資訊，但是這些寬頻光源具有較低的光電轉換效率以及發熱等問題。 A light source having multiple wavelength characteristics is an important component for measuring spectral information of a biomedical tissue. Traditionally, broadband sources such as halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps have been commonly used to measure the spectral information of biomedical tissues, but these broadband sources have problems such as lower photoelectric conversion efficiency and heat generation.

為了克服前述寬頻光源的問題，多數會選用固態光源來取代之，例如發光二極體或雷射二極體，其雖然具有較佳的光電轉換效率，但是固態光源波長頻寬延展範圍卻遠不及於傳統的寬頻光源。因此使用固態光源來量測生醫組織之光譜資訊需要先將多個具有不同波長的固態光源進行混光處理，習知的混光處理通常利用複雜的光學元件，例如精密的鏡片結構或光纖陣列等，來達成混光與光學聚焦。以美國專利US5655832為例，其使用複雜的鏡片設計來達成混光與光學聚焦。以中華民國專利M526696為例，其使用陣列光纖模組來達成混光與光學聚焦。造成習知之使用固態 光源的多波長光學系統具有對位公差嚴苛、設計複雜、難以微小化、高成本的缺點。有鑑於此，確實有必要加以改良之。 In order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned broadband source, most of them will be replaced by solid-state light sources, such as light-emitting diodes or laser diodes. Although the photoelectric conversion efficiency is better, the wavelength range of the solid-state light source is far less extended. For traditional broadband sources. Therefore, the use of a solid-state light source to measure the spectral information of a biomedical tissue requires first mixing a plurality of solid-state light sources having different wavelengths. Conventional light-mixing processes typically utilize complex optical components, such as precision lens structures or fiber arrays. Etc., to achieve mixed light and optical focus. U.S. Patent No. 5,565,832, which uses a complex lens design to achieve light mixing and optical focusing. Take the Republic of China patent M526696 as an example, which uses array fiber optic modules to achieve mixed light and optical focusing. Causing the use of solid state The multi-wavelength optical system of the light source has the disadvantages of strict alignment tolerance, complicated design, difficulty in miniaturization, and high cost. In view of this, it is indeed necessary to improve it.

本揭露之目的在於提出一種多波長光學系統，將多個具有不同波長的固態光源進行混光並聚焦，除了保有固態光源具有較佳的光電轉換效率的優點，同時具有多波長、設計架構簡單、光源分佈均勻以及成本低廉等優點。 The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a multi-wavelength optical system that combines and focuses a plurality of solid-state light sources having different wavelengths, in addition to maintaining the advantages of a solid-state light source with better photoelectric conversion efficiency, multi-wavelength, and simple design structure. The light source is evenly distributed and the cost is low.

根據本揭露之上述目的，提出一種多波長光學系統，包含多個固態光源、散射板(optical diffuser)、透鏡組以及至少一光偵測器。固態光源之每一者的波長範圍互不相同。散射板具有入光面及與入光面相對之出光面，其中固態光源與入光面相對設置，且透鏡組與出光面相對設置。固態光源之每一者係以同方向面向入光面出光至散射板後從出光面射出，且經透鏡組聚焦後投射至待測物體表面，並由光偵測器接收來自待測物體表面的反射光或透射光。 In accordance with the above objects of the present disclosure, a multi-wavelength optical system is provided comprising a plurality of solid state light sources, an optical diffuser, a lens group, and at least one photodetector. The wavelength range of each of the solid state light sources is different from each other. The scatter plate has a light incident surface and a light exit surface opposite to the light incident surface, wherein the solid state light source is disposed opposite to the light incident surface, and the lens group is disposed opposite to the light exit surface. Each of the solid-state light sources emits light from the same direction toward the light-incident surface and then exits from the light-emitting surface, and is focused by the lens group and projected onto the surface of the object to be tested, and is received by the photodetector from the surface of the object to be tested. Reflected or transmitted light.

在一些實施例中，上述多波長光學系統更包含控制模組，電性連接至固態光源以控制固態光源之發光強度。 In some embodiments, the multi-wavelength optical system further includes a control module electrically connected to the solid state light source to control the luminous intensity of the solid state light source.

在一些實施例中，上述控制模組用以調變固態光源之發光頻率。 In some embodiments, the control module is configured to modulate the illumination frequency of the solid state light source.

在一些實施例中，上述固態光源為雷射二極體或發光二極體。 In some embodiments, the solid state light source is a laser diode or a light emitting diode.

在一些實施例中，上述透鏡組為消色差透鏡組 (achromatic lens set)或球透鏡(ball lens)。 In some embodiments, the lens group is an achromatic lens group (achromatic lens set) or ball lens.

在一些實施例中，上述多波長光學系統更包含訊號處理模組，電性連接光偵測器，以進行訊號處理來取得多個光譜資訊。 In some embodiments, the multi-wavelength optical system further includes a signal processing module electrically connected to the photodetector for signal processing to obtain a plurality of spectral information.

為讓本揭露的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.

100‧‧‧多波長光學系統 100‧‧‧Multi-wavelength optical system

110‧‧‧光源模組 110‧‧‧Light source module

112‧‧‧固態光源 112‧‧‧ solid state light source

114‧‧‧散射板 114‧‧‧scatter plate

114a‧‧‧入光面 114a‧‧‧Glossy

114b‧‧‧出光面 114b‧‧‧Glossy

116‧‧‧透鏡組 116‧‧‧ lens group

118‧‧‧控制模組 118‧‧‧Control Module

120‧‧‧收光模組 120‧‧‧Lighting module

122‧‧‧光偵測器 122‧‧‧Photodetector

124‧‧‧訊號處理模組 124‧‧‧Signal Processing Module

200‧‧‧待測物體 200‧‧‧ objects to be tested

210‧‧‧第一位置 210‧‧‧First position

220‧‧‧第二位置 220‧‧‧second position

從以下結合所附圖式所做的詳細描述，可對本揭露之態樣有更佳的了解。需注意的是，根據業界的標準實務，各特徵並未依比例繪示。事實上，為了使討論更為清楚，各特徵的尺寸都可任意地增加或減少。 A better understanding of the aspects of the present disclosure can be obtained from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings. It should be noted that, according to industry standard practices, the features are not drawn to scale. In fact, in order to make the discussion clearer, the dimensions of each feature can be arbitrarily increased or decreased.

[圖1]係根據本揭露的實施例之多波長光學系統的架構圖。 FIG. 1 is an architectural diagram of a multi-wavelength optical system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

本揭露提供了許多不同的實施例或例子，用以實作此揭露的不同特徵。為了簡化本揭露，一些元件與佈局的具體例子會在以下說明。當然，這些僅僅是例子而不是用以限制本揭露。例如，若在後續說明中提到了第一特徵形成在第二特徵上面，這可包括第一特徵與第二特徵是直接接觸的實施例；這也可以包括第一特徵與第二特徵之間還形成其他特徵的實施例，這使得第一特徵與第二特徵沒有直接接觸。此外，本揭露可能會在各種例子中重複圖示符號及/或 文字。此重複是為了簡明與清晰的目的，但本身並不決定所討論的各種實施例及/或設置之間的關係。 The disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing the various features disclosed herein. In order to simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and layouts are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the disclosure. For example, if it is mentioned in the following description that the first feature is formed on the second feature, this may include an embodiment in which the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature; this may also include between the first feature and the second feature. Embodiments of other features are formed that make the first feature not in direct contact with the second feature. In addition, the disclosure may repeat the pictograms and/or in various examples. Text. This repetition is for the purpose of brevity and clarity, but does not in itself determine the relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed.

再者，在空間上相對的用語，例如底下、下面、較低、上面、較高等，是用來容易地解釋在圖示中一個元件或特徵與另一個元件或特徵之間的關係。這些空間上相對的用語除了涵蓋在圖示中所繪的方向，也涵蓋了裝置在使用或操作上不同的方向。這些裝置也可被旋轉(例如旋轉90度或旋轉至其他方向)，而在此所使用的空間上相對的描述同樣也可以有相對應的解釋。 Furthermore, spatially relative terms such as "lower", "lower", """"""""""" These spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. These devices can also be rotated (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or rotated to other directions), and the spatially relative descriptions used herein can also be interpreted accordingly.

圖1係根據本揭露的實施例之多波長光學系統100的架構圖。多波長光學系統100包含光源模組110與收光模組120。光源模組110包含固態光源112、散射板114、透鏡組116以及控制模組118，收光模組120包含光偵測器122以及訊號處理模組124。其中，固態光源112各自具有不同的波長範圍，散射板114具有相對的入光面114a及出光面114b，固態光源112朝同方向面向散射板114的入光面114a。透鏡組116與散射板114的出光面114b相對設置。 1 is a block diagram of a multi-wavelength optical system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The multi-wavelength optical system 100 includes a light source module 110 and a light collection module 120. The light source module 110 includes a solid state light source 112, a scattering plate 114, a lens group 116, and a control module 118. The light collection module 120 includes a photodetector 122 and a signal processing module 124. The solid-state light sources 112 each have different wavelength ranges, and the diffusing plate 114 has opposite light-incident surfaces 114a and 114b, and the solid-state light source 112 faces the light-incident surface 114a of the diffusing plate 114 in the same direction. The lens group 116 is disposed opposite to the light emitting surface 114b of the diffusion plate 114.

於本實施例中，固態光源112為雷射二極體或發光二極體。於本實施例中，透鏡組116為消色差透鏡組或球透鏡透鏡組，用以將不同波長的光聚焦在相同的平面上。於本實施例中，固態光源112的數量為三個，但本揭露不限於此。 In this embodiment, the solid state light source 112 is a laser diode or a light emitting diode. In the present embodiment, the lens group 116 is an achromatic lens group or a ball lens lens group for focusing light of different wavelengths on the same plane. In the present embodiment, the number of solid-state light sources 112 is three, but the disclosure is not limited thereto.

固態光源112的光射入至散射板114的入光面114a，且固態光源112的光於散射板114中進行混光，接 著，經混光後的光從散射板114的出光面114b射出，再透過透鏡組116進行聚焦後，打入至待測物體200的表面的第一位置210。於本實施例中，待測物體表面為生物組織表面。 The light of the solid-state light source 112 is incident on the light-incident surface 114a of the diffusing plate 114, and the light of the solid-state light source 112 is mixed in the diffusing plate 114. The light after the light is emitted from the light-emitting surface 114b of the diffusion plate 114, is focused by the lens group 116, and is then driven into the first position 210 of the surface of the object 200 to be tested. In this embodiment, the surface of the object to be tested is a biological tissue surface.

在混光的過程中，具有不同波長的光在散射板114中經過多次的散射後，失去原始的方向性且被均勻混合，因此經過散射板114混光之後的光皆有相同的空間分佈。 In the process of light mixing, after the light having different wavelengths is scattered by the scattering plate 114 a plurality of times, the original directivity is lost and uniformly mixed, so that the light after the light is mixed by the diffusion plate 114 has the same spatial distribution. .

值得一提的是，使用者更可依使用需求調整光源模組110與待測物體200之間的相對距離，以使透鏡組116聚焦於待測物體200的表面的特定位置或內部的特定位置。 It is worth mentioning that the user can adjust the relative distance between the light source module 110 and the object to be tested 200 according to the use requirement, so that the lens group 116 is focused on a specific position or a specific position inside the surface of the object to be tested 200. .

控制模組118電性連接至固態光源112，控制模組118可依使用者的需求控制固態光源112的發光強度且調變固態光源112的發光頻率。於本實施例中，控制模組118使得固態光源112的每一者所發出的光具有不同的頻率，因此固態光源112的每一者所發出的不同波長的光得以藉此於接收時被各自分辨出來。 The control module 118 is electrically connected to the solid state light source 112. The control module 118 can control the illumination intensity of the solid state light source 112 and modulate the illumination frequency of the solid state light source 112 according to the user's needs. In the present embodiment, the control module 118 causes the light emitted by each of the solid-state light sources 112 to have different frequencies, so that different wavelengths of light emitted by each of the solid-state light sources 112 are thereby received by the respective Identify it.

光偵測器122面向且設置於待測物體200的表面的第二位置220。於本實施例中，光偵測器122的數量為一個，但本揭露不限於此，可依使用需求調整光偵測器122的數量。 The photodetector 122 faces and is disposed at a second position 220 of the surface of the object 200 to be tested. In this embodiment, the number of the photodetectors 122 is one, but the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of the photodetectors 122 can be adjusted according to usage requirements.

於本實施例中，經混光與聚焦後的光打入至待測物體200的表面的第一位置210，而光偵測器122則設置於待測物體200的表面的第二位置220以接收反射光，但本 揭露不限於此，光偵測器122更可設置於待測物體200的另一表面的相對位置以接收透射光。 In this embodiment, the mixed light and the focused light are driven into the first position 210 of the surface of the object to be tested 200, and the photodetector 122 is disposed at the second position 220 of the surface of the object 200 to be tested. Receiving reflected light, but this The disclosure is not limited thereto, and the photodetector 122 may be disposed at a relative position of the other surface of the object to be tested 200 to receive the transmitted light.

訊號處理模組124電性連接光偵測器122，訊號處理模組124用以接收光偵測器122所輸出的訊號並進行訊號處理來取得多個光譜資訊。值得一提的是，使用者更可將訊號處理模組124連接至內建特定演算法的裝置，以量測待測物體200中特定物質的濃度。 The signal processing module 124 is electrically connected to the photodetector 122. The signal processing module 124 is configured to receive the signal output by the photodetector 122 and perform signal processing to obtain a plurality of spectral information. It is worth mentioning that the user can connect the signal processing module 124 to the device with a built-in specific algorithm to measure the concentration of the specific substance in the object to be tested 200.

以下舉一應用例說明本揭露之多波長光學系統如何應用於生物組織以定量量測生物組織中特定物質的濃度，即上述之待測物體200為生物組織。在本應用例中，經混光與聚焦的多個固態光源發出的光照射到生物組織後，光子在生物組織內的穿行過程中，受到生物組織中的特定物質與結構的交互影響，會發生吸收與散射的現象，最後產生能量衰減與相位改變。接著，透過應用漫反射光譜學的演算法來分析上述的光譜變化，以進行生物組織中的特定物質之濃度的定量。值得一提的是，上述的演算法的處理流程為先分析特定波長的光於射入生物組織的前後的振幅與相位的變化，接著分析特定物質於該特定波長的吸收與散射情形，經運算後即能計算出該特定物質的濃度。舉例來說，若選用峰值波長分別為660nm、780nm、830nm的三個固態光源，則可用來量測生物組織的血氧飽和度(blood oxygenation saturation)與總血紅蛋白濃度(total hemoglobin concentration)。 The following is an application example to explain how the multi-wavelength optical system of the present disclosure is applied to biological tissues to quantitatively measure the concentration of a specific substance in a biological tissue, that is, the object to be tested 200 is biological tissue. In this application example, after the light emitted by the plurality of solid-state light sources that are mixed and focused is irradiated onto the biological tissue, the photons are affected by the interaction of specific substances and structures in the biological tissue during the passage of the biological tissue, and may occur. The phenomenon of absorption and scattering finally produces energy attenuation and phase change. Next, the above spectral changes are analyzed by applying an algorithm of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to quantify the concentration of a specific substance in the biological tissue. It is worth mentioning that the processing flow of the above algorithm first analyzes the amplitude and phase changes of the light of a specific wavelength before and after the injection into the biological tissue, and then analyzes the absorption and scattering of the specific substance at the specific wavelength, and the operation is performed. The concentration of this particular substance can then be calculated. For example, if three solid-state light sources with peak wavelengths of 660 nm, 780 nm, and 830 nm are used, it can be used to measure blood oxygenation saturation and total hemoglobin concentration of biological tissues.

綜合上述，本揭露所提出的多波長光學系統係 將多個具有不同波長的固態光源進行混光並聚焦，除了保有固態光源具有較佳的光電轉換效率的優點，同時具有多波長以及光源分佈均勻的優點。與習知之使用固態光源的多波長光學系統相較，本揭露所提出的多波長光學系統對元件配置之對位公差的要求較低，成本較低且架構設計較簡易，因此極具微小化及發展為可攜式系統的潛力。 In summary, the multi-wavelength optical system proposed in the present disclosure Mixing and focusing a plurality of solid-state light sources having different wavelengths, in addition to maintaining the advantages of a solid-state light source having better photoelectric conversion efficiency, has the advantages of multiple wavelengths and uniform light source distribution. Compared with the conventional multi-wavelength optical system using a solid-state light source, the multi-wavelength optical system proposed by the present disclosure has lower requirements on the alignment tolerance of the component configuration, lower cost and simple structure design, and thus is extremely miniaturized and The potential to develop into a portable system.

以上概述了數個實施例的特徵，因此熟習此技藝者可以更了解本揭露的態樣。熟習此技藝者應了解到，其可輕易地把本揭露當作基礎來設計或修改其他的製程與結構，藉此實現和在此所介紹的這些實施例相同的目標及/或達到相同的優點。熟習此技藝者也應可明白，這些等效的建構並未脫離本揭露的精神與範圍，並且他們可以在不脫離本揭露精神與範圍的前提下做各種的改變、替換與變動。 The features of several embodiments are summarized above, and those skilled in the art will be able to understand the aspects of the disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure can be readily utilized as a basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures, thereby achieving the same objectives and/or achieving the same advantages as the embodiments described herein. . It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

Claims (6)

一種多波長光學系統，包含：複數個固態光源，該些固態光源之每一者的波長範圍互不相同；一散射板，具有一入光面及與該入光面相對之一出光面，其中該些固態光源與該入光面相對設置；一透鏡組，與該出光面相對設置；以及至少一光偵測器；其中該些固態光源之每一者係以同方向面向該入光面出光至該散射板後從該出光面射出，且經該透鏡組聚焦後投射至一待測物體表面，並由該至少一光偵測器接收來自該待測物體表面之複數道反射光或透射光。 A multi-wavelength optical system comprising: a plurality of solid-state light sources, each of the solid-state light sources having different wavelength ranges; a diffusing plate having a light-incident surface and a light-emitting surface opposite to the light-incident surface, wherein The solid-state light source is disposed opposite to the light-incident surface; a lens group is disposed opposite to the light-emitting surface; and at least one light detector; wherein each of the solid-state light sources emits light in the same direction facing the light-incident surface After the scatter plate is emitted from the illuminating surface, and is focused by the lens group and projected onto a surface of the object to be tested, and the at least one photodetector receives the plurality of reflected or transmitted light from the surface of the object to be tested. . 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多波長光學系統，更包含一控制模組，電性連接至該些固態光源，以控制該些固態光源之發光強度。 The multi-wavelength optical system of claim 1, further comprising a control module electrically connected to the solid state light sources to control the luminous intensity of the solid state light sources. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之多波長光學系統，其中該控制模組用以調變該些固態光源之發光頻率。 The multi-wavelength optical system of claim 2, wherein the control module is configured to modulate the illuminating frequency of the solid state light sources. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多波長光學系統，其中該些固態光源為雷射二極體或發光二極體。 The multi-wavelength optical system of claim 1, wherein the solid state light sources are laser diodes or light emitting diodes. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多波長光學 系統，其中該透鏡組為消色差透鏡組(achromatic lens set)或球透鏡(ball lens)。 Multi-wavelength optics as described in claim 1 A system wherein the lens group is an achromatic lens set or a ball lens. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之多波長光學系統，更包含一訊號處理模組，電性連接該至少一光偵測器，以進行訊號處理來取得複數個光譜資訊。 The multi-wavelength optical system of claim 1, further comprising a signal processing module electrically connected to the at least one photodetector for signal processing to obtain a plurality of spectral information.