TW201742351A - 微電網穩定裝置 - Google Patents
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- TW201742351A TW201742351A TW105115135A TW105115135A TW201742351A TW 201742351 A TW201742351 A TW 201742351A TW 105115135 A TW105115135 A TW 105115135A TW 105115135 A TW105115135 A TW 105115135A TW 201742351 A TW201742351 A TW 201742351A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J4/00—Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/10—The dispersed energy generation being of fossil origin, e.g. diesel generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
一種微電網穩定裝置,併接一直流匯流排以及一交流電網。一直流發電設備供電予直流匯流排。一交流發電設備供電予交流電網。一轉換器耦接在直流匯流排與交流電網之間,用以轉換直流匯流排的電壓予交流電網。當直流匯流排或是交流電網的電壓不穩定時,微電網穩定裝置供電予直流匯流排及交流電網之至少一者,用以穩定直流匯流排和交流電網的電力。
Description
本發明係有關於一種微電網穩定裝置,特別是有關於一種穩定交流電網的裝置。
目前的供電設備大多供電予大都市。對於偏遠地區或是島嶼的居民,可能利用微電網(micro grid)供電予居民。然而,當微電網的電力不穩定時,將造成居民的不便。再者,雖然再生能源供電設備逐漸增加,但再生能源比微電網的電力更不穩定。
本發明提供一種微電網穩定裝置,包括一第一燃料電池組、一第一轉換器、一第一開關、一第二轉換器、一二次電池、一第三轉換器、一第二開關以及一智慧能源管理器。第一燃料電池組用以提供一第一電壓。第一轉換器耦接第一燃料電池組,並轉換第一電壓,用以產生一第一直流電壓。第一開關耦接第一轉換器,用以輸出第一直流電壓予一直流匯流排。直流發電設備耦接直流滙流排,並提供一第二直流電壓予直流匯流排。外部轉換器耦接直流匯流排,並轉換直流匯流排的電壓,用以產生一補充電壓予一交流電網。第二轉換器耦接第一轉換器,並轉換第一直流電壓或該直流匯流排的電壓,用以產
生一第一充電電壓。二次電池耦接第二轉換器,並根據第一充電電壓而充電,用以提供一第二電壓。第三轉換器耦接二次電池,並轉換第二電壓,用以產生一第一交流電壓。第二開關耦接第三轉換器,用以輸出第一交流電壓予交流電網或是提供交流電網的電壓予第三轉換器。第三轉換器轉換交流電網的電壓,用以產生一第二充電電壓對二次電池充電。一交流發電設備耦接交流滙流排,並提供一第二交流電壓予交流電網。智慧能源管理器根據直流匯流排與交流電網的電力品質,調整控制第一燃料電池組、第一至第三轉換器以及二次電池之至少一者的工作狀態,用以穩定直流匯流排與交流電網的電力。
為讓本發明之特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉出較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:
100‧‧‧電力供給系統
110‧‧‧直流發電設備
120、240、250、260、320‧‧‧轉換器
130‧‧‧交流發電設備
140、200、300‧‧‧微電網穩定裝置
DCBUS‧‧‧直流匯流排
ACBUS‧‧‧交流電網
111‧‧‧太陽能板
112‧‧‧蓄電池
113‧‧‧充電器
150‧‧‧用戶端
210‧‧‧智慧能源管理器
220‧‧‧燃料電池組
230‧‧‧二次電池
270、280‧‧‧開關
V220、V230、V240、V250、V260、V310、V320‧‧‧電壓
SC1~SC7‧‧‧控制信號
310‧‧‧發電設備
第1圖為本發明之電力供給系統的示意圖。
第2圖為本發明之微電網穩定裝置的一可能實施例。
第3圖為本發明之微電網穩定裝置的另一可能實施例。
第1圖為本發明之電力供給系統的示意圖。如圖所示,電力供給系統100包括一直流發電設備110、一轉換器120、一交流發電設備130、一微電網穩定裝置140、一直流匯流排DCBUS以及一交流電網ACBUS。在本實施例中,微電網穩定裝置140係同時耦接直流匯流排DCBUS以及交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力。在另
一可能實施例中,當直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS均具有穩定的電力時,智慧能源管理器210根據直流匯流排DCBUS或是交流電網ACBUS的電力對本身內部的電池(如第2圖的二次電池230)充電。
直流發電設備110耦接直流匯流排DCBUS以及微電網穩定裝置140,並提供一直流電壓予直流匯流排DCBUS。在一可能實施例中,直流發電設備110係為一再生能源發電設備。本發明並不限定再生能源發電設備的種類。在本實施例中,再生能源發電設備具有一太陽能板(Photovoltaic plate)111、一蓄電池112以及一充電器113。太陽能板111吸收太陽光產生一電能。充電器113轉換該電能至蓄電池112,用以對蓄電池112充電。蓄電池112提供一直流電壓予直流匯流排DCBUS。
轉換器120耦接於直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS之間。轉換器120轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,用以產生一補充電壓,並將補充電壓提供予交流電網ACBUS。在一可能實施例中,轉換器120係為一單向轉換器,只能轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,並提供轉換結果予交流電網ACBUS。在另一可能實施例中,轉換器120係為一雙向轉換器(Bi-directional inverter),不但能轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,也能轉換交流電網ACBUS的電壓,並提供轉換結果予直流匯流排DCBUS。
交流發電設備130耦接交流電網ACBUS與微電網穩定裝置140,並提供一交流電壓予交流電網ACBUS。在一可能實施例中,交流發電設備130係為一柴油發電機,但並非用
於限制本發明。在另一可能實施中,交流發電設備130係指一電力公司。只要能夠產生交流電力的設備均可作為交流發電設備130。以柴油發電機為例,由於柴油的成本較高,因此,藉由轉換器120所提供的補充電壓,可降低交流發電設備130的發電成本。
微電網穩定裝置140耦接直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力。在本實施例中,微電網穩定裝置140偵測直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電壓,並根據偵測結果提供適當的電壓予直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS,或是擷取直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS之至少一者的電壓,用以對本身內部的電池充電。
當微電網穩定裝置140併聯在多樣的發電設備時,可減少發電設備的發電成本,因而達到經濟性(Economic Effectiveness),並可維持發電設備的電力品質(quality),以避免發電設備(如110、130)的電力過大或過小時,使負載運轉不正常或是縮短負載的使用壽命。再者,藉由微電網穩定裝置140穩定直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力,可提高發電設備的電力可靠度。
微電網穩定裝置140也可併接在不同的電網系統,如村莊微電網(Village Micro Grid)、柴油發電微電網(Diesel Micro Grid)或是城市微電網(Urban Micro Grid)。由於再生能源發電設備的電力會隨著季節及氣候變化而增加或減少,故可藉由微電網穩定裝置140穩定再生能源發電設備的電力。
第2圖為本發明之微電網穩定裝置的一可能實施例。如圖所示,微電網穩定裝置200包括一智慧能源管理器210、一燃料電池組(Fuel Cells)220、一二次電池(Rechargeable battery)230、轉換器(Converter)240、250、260以及開關270、280。燃料電池組220用以提供一電壓V220。在一可能實施例中,燃料電池組220根據控制信號SC1調整電壓V220。
轉換器240耦接燃料電池組220,並轉換電壓V220的位準,用以產生一直流電壓V240。在本實施例中,轉換器240根據控制信號SC2決定直流電壓V240的位準。在一可能實施例中,轉換器240係為一直流-直流轉換器(DC-DC converter)。在一些實施例中,轉換器240可能增加或減少電壓V240的位準。在其它實施例中,轉換器240根據控制信號SC2不調整電壓V240。
開關270耦接轉換器240,用以輸出直流電壓V240予直流匯流排DCBUS。在另一可能實施例中,當開關270導通時,開關270可將直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓提供予轉換器250。在一可能實施例中,智慧能源管理器210產生一控制信號(未顯示),用以導通或不導通開關270。開關270可能係為一靜態開開(static switch),用以隔離微電網穩定裝置與直流匯流排DCBUS,並保護微電網穩定裝置不會受到直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓影響。
轉換器250耦接轉換器240,並轉換直流電壓V240,用以產生一充電電壓V250。在一可能實施例中,當燃料電池組220所產生的電壓V220夠大時,智慧能源管理器210導通開關270,用以提供直流電壓V240予直流匯流排DCBUS。此時,轉換器250
轉換直流電壓V240,用以產生充電電壓V250對二次電池230充電。在另一可能實施例中,當再生能源充足時,直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓將大於一預設值,因此,智慧能源管理器210導通開關270並透過轉換器250轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,用以對二次電池230充電。在其它實施例中,當再生能源不足時,智慧能源管理器210可適當地控制燃料電池組220與二次電池230之至少一者,使其供電予直流匯流排DCBUS,以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS的電力。在此例中,轉換器250可能轉換二次電池230的電壓,並將轉換後的電壓透過開關270提供予直流匯流排DCBUS。在一可能實施例中,轉換器250係為一雙向轉換器(Bi-directional converter)。
二次電池230耦接轉換器250,並根據充電電壓V250而充電。在一可能實施例中,二次電池230係為一高壓儲能元件,其所儲存的電壓V230可能達380V。本發明並不限定二次電池230的種類。在一些實施例中,二次電池230係為一鋰電池。在一可能實施例中,智慧能源管理器210監控二次電池230的工作狀態(如電壓、電流及溫度),並根據監控結果,控制轉換器240、250、260之至少一者,用以對二次電池230充電。
轉換器260耦接二次電池230,並轉換電壓V230,用以產生一交流電壓V260。在一可能實施例中,轉換器260係為一雙向逆變器(Bi-directional inverter)。開關280耦接轉換器260,用以輸出交流電壓V260予交流電網ACBUS。在另一可能實施例中,當交流電網ACBUS的電力穩定時,智慧能源管理器210可能導通開關280,用以提供交流電網ACBUS的電壓予轉換器260,
轉換器260轉換交流電網ACBUS的電壓,並提供轉換後的電壓予二次電池230,用以對二次電池230充電。在本實施例中,轉換器260係為一雙向逆變器。
智慧能源管理器210根據直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ADBUS的電力品質,調整控制燃料電池組220、轉換器240、250、260以及二次電池230之至少一者的工作狀態,用以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力。
在一可能實施例中,智慧能源管理器210根據直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓(也就是直流發電設備110的發電狀況),決定二次電池230的工作狀態。舉例而言,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓大於一預設值時,智慧能源管理器210控制轉換器250,使轉換器250轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,用以對二次電池230充電。然而,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓小於預設值時,智慧能源管理器210控制轉換器250,用以轉換二次電池230的電壓,並透過開關270供電予直流匯流排DCBUS,用以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS的電力。在其它實施例中,智慧能源管理器210也會根據直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,調整燃料電池組220的電壓。
由於交流電網ACBUS的電壓受到直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓影響,因此,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓不穩定時,交流電網ACBUS的電壓也會受到影響。在一可能實施例中,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓小於一預設值時,表示直流發電設備110不穩定,因此,智慧能源管理器210致能轉換器260。轉換器260轉換二次電池230的電壓V230,用以產生交流電壓
V260,並透過開關280供電予交流電網ACBUS,以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電壓。
在一些實施例中,智慧能源管理器210利用一有線通訊或一無線通訊,收集並記錄直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力品質,並根據記錄結果調整控制燃料電池組220、轉換器240、250、260以及二次電池230之至少一者的工作狀態。
舉例而言,當智慧能源管理器210得知直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓不穩定時,智慧能源管理器210可能根據燃料電池組220與二次電池230之至少一者的電壓,供電予直流匯流排DCBUS,以維持直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓。在另一可能實施例中,智慧能源管理器210係利用燃料電池組220與二次電池230之至少一者的電壓,供電予交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電壓。然而,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓穩定時,智慧能源管理器210可能利用直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓對二次電池230充電。
在其它實施例中,交流電網ACBUS耦接至少一用戶端150。在此例中,智慧能源管理器210根據用戶端150的用電量,調整控制燃料電池組220、轉換器240、250、260以及二次電池230之至少一者的工作狀態。舉例而言,當用戶端150需要較大的電壓時,智慧能源管理器210利用燃料電池組220與二次電池230之至少一者的電壓,供電予直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS之至少一者,用以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電壓。
本發明並不限定智慧能源管理器210的內部架構。任何能夠根據直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力品質,發出控制信號SC1~SC5的電路架構均可作為智慧能源管理器210。在本實施例中,智慧能源管理器210具有控制器211與212。控制器211係為一主控制器,其可與控制器212進行溝通。控制器211偵測直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電壓,並根據偵測結果發出控制信號SC1~SC4,並控制控制器212,使其發出控制信號SC5。在其它實施例中,不同的控制信號係由不同的控制器所產生。然而,在多個控制器中,需設定一主控制器,用以控制其它控制器的運作。
第3圖為本發明之微電網穩定裝置之另一可能實施。第3圖相似第2圖,不同之處在於微電網穩定裝置300多了一發電設備310以及一轉換器320。發電設備310提供一電壓V310。在一可能實施例中,發電設備310係為一燃料電池組,但並非用以限制本發明。在其它實施例中,發電設備310係為一再生能源設備,如一風力發電設備或是一水力發電設備。
轉換器320耦接發電設備310,並轉換電壓V310,用以產生一交流電壓V320予開關280。在本實施例中,開關280提供交流電壓V320予交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電力。在另一可能實施例中,轉換器260轉換交流電壓V320,並提供轉換後的結果予二次電池230,用以對二次電池230充電。
智慧能源管理器210根據直流匯流排DCBUS與交流電網ACBUS的電力品質,產生控制信號SC6與SC7,用以調整
控制發電設備310與轉換器320的工作狀態。舉例而言,發電設備310根據控制信號SC6調整電壓V310的大小。同樣地,轉換器320根據控制信號SC7調整電壓V320,並將調整後的結果提供予開關280。
當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓不穩定時,將影響交流電網ACBUS的電壓,因此,智慧能源管理器210控制燃料電池組220、二次電池230、發電設備310、轉換器240、250、260、320之至少一者,用以供電予直流匯流排DCBUS,以穩定直流匯流排DCBUS的電力,或是供電予交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電力。
再者,當直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓大於一預設值時,轉換器250轉換直流匯流排DCBUS的電壓,用以對二次電池230充電,使二次電池230的電壓維持在一預設位準之上。當交流電網ACBUS的電壓不穩定時,轉換器260根據二次電池230的電壓,供電予交流電網ACBUS,用以穩定交流電網ACBUS的電壓。
除非另作定義,在此所有詞彙(包含技術與科學詞彙)均屬本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者之一般理解。此外,除非明白表示,詞彙於一般字典中之定義應解釋為與其相關技術領域之文章中意義一致,而不應解釋為理想狀態或過分正式之語態。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此
本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
100‧‧‧電力供給系統
110‧‧‧直流發電設備
120‧‧‧轉換器
130‧‧‧交流發電設備
140‧‧‧微電網穩定裝置
DCBUS‧‧‧直流匯流排
ACBUS‧‧‧交流電網
111‧‧‧太陽能板
112‧‧‧蓄電池
113‧‧‧充電器
150‧‧‧用戶端
Claims (10)
- 一種微電網穩定裝置,包括:一第一燃料電池組,用以提供一第一電壓;一第一轉換器,耦接該第一燃料電池組,並轉換該第一電壓,用以產生一第一直流電壓;一第一開關,耦接該第一轉換器,用以輸出該第一直流電壓予一直流匯流排,其中一直流發電設備耦接該直流滙流排,並提供一第二直流電壓予該直流匯流排,一外部轉換器耦接該直流匯流排,並轉換該直流匯流排的電壓,用以產生一補充電壓予一交流電網;一第二轉換器,耦接該第一轉換器,並轉換該第一直流電壓或是該直流滙流排的電壓,用以產生一第一充電電壓;一二次電池,耦接該第二轉換器,並根據該第一充電電壓而充電,用以提供一第二電壓;一第三轉換器,耦接該二次電池,並轉換該第二電壓,用以產生一第一交流電壓;一第二開關,耦接該第三轉換器,用以輸出該第一交流電壓予該交流電網或是提供該交流電網的電壓予該第三轉換器,該第三轉換器轉換該交流電網的電壓,用以產生一第二充電電壓對該二次電池充電,其中一交流發電設備耦接該交流電網,並提供一第二交流電壓予該交流電網;以及 一智慧能源管理器,根據該直流匯流排與該交流電網的電力品質,調整控制該第一燃料電池組、該第一至第三轉換器以及該二次電池之至少一者的工作狀態,用以穩定該直流匯流排和交流電網的電力。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該直流發電設備係為一再生能源發電設備。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該智慧能源管理器根據該直流發電設備的發電狀況,導通該第一開關,使該第一開關提供該第二直流電壓予該第二轉換器,該第二轉換器轉換該第二直流電壓,用以對該二次電池充電。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中當該第二直流電壓小於一預設值時,該智慧能源管理器導通該第二開關,用以輸出該第一交流電壓予該交流電網。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該交流發電設備係為一柴油發電機。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,更包括:一發電設備,用以提供一第三電壓;以及一第四轉換器,耦接該發電設備,並轉換該第三電壓,用以產生一第三交流電壓予該第二開關,其中該智慧能源管理器根據該直流匯流排與該交流電網的電力品質,調整控制該發電設備以及該第四轉換器的工作狀態。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該發電設備係為一第二燃料電池組。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該發電設備係為一風力發電設備或是一水力發電設備。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該交流電網耦接至少一用戶端,該智慧能源管理器根據該用戶端的用電量,調整控制該第一燃料電池組、該第一至第三轉換器以及該二次電池之至少一者的工作狀態。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之微電網穩定裝置,其中該智慧能源管理器利用一有線通訊或一無線通訊,收集並記錄該直流匯流排與該交流電網的電力品質,並根據記錄結果調整控制該第一燃料電池組、該第一至第三轉換器以及該二次電池之至少一者的工作狀態。
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TWI671971B (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | 整合式供電系統 |
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US11205896B2 (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2021-12-21 | Black & Decker Inc. | Solar power system |
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US7656059B2 (en) * | 2006-05-23 | 2010-02-02 | Continental Automotive Systems Us, Inc. | System and method for a power system micro grid |
AT509888B1 (de) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-15 | Younicos Ag | Elektrischer energiespeicher und verfahren zum regeln eines solchen energiespeichers |
CN102005817B (zh) * | 2010-09-25 | 2014-05-07 | 中国农业大学 | 基于微电网的不间断电源装置及其调度控制方法 |
US9077205B2 (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2015-07-07 | General Electric Company | Auxiliary equipment system and method of operating the same |
CN202817753U (zh) * | 2012-06-13 | 2013-03-20 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | 基于综合应用研究的微网***结构 |
CN102904281A (zh) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-30 | 同济大学 | 一种船舶微电网*** |
US9614258B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2017-04-04 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Power storage device and power storage system |
TWI470893B (zh) * | 2013-01-24 | 2015-01-21 | Chung Hsin Electric & Machinery Mfg Corp | 電能供應系統 |
CN103532158B (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2016-01-20 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | 一种微网新能源混合储能*** |
TWI505597B (zh) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-10-21 | Chung Hsin Electric & Machinery Mfg Corp | 智慧型微電網電力品質管理的操作系統 |
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TWI671971B (zh) * | 2017-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | 整合式供電系統 |
US11056906B2 (en) | 2017-09-11 | 2021-07-06 | Delta Electronics, Inc. | Integrated power supply system |
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CN107394805A (zh) | 2017-11-24 |
TWI562505B (en) | 2016-12-11 |
US10110008B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
US20170338657A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
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