TW201737123A - Apparatus of using description file for actuation on internet of things - Google Patents
Apparatus of using description file for actuation on internet of things Download PDFInfo
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本發明係有關於一種物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統,尤指涉及一種透過輕量化之 JSON格式制定物聯網通訊協定之描述文檔,特別係指以關鍵字取代法承襲該描述文檔之資料模型,運用模型中描述通訊協定之方法,進而利用佔位符「{ID}」,使通訊協定得以透過關鍵字取代方式包裝通訊協定以利控制物聯網物件者。The invention relates to an IoT braking function description document system, in particular to a description document for formulating an Internet of Things communication protocol through a lightweight JSON format, in particular to a data model in which the description document is inherited by a keyword substitution method. The model describes the communication protocol method, which in turn uses the placeholder "{ID}" to enable the communication protocol to wrap the communication protocol through keyword substitution to control the IoT object.
物聯網(Internet of Things, IoT)物件為近年全球發展之趨勢,物聯網物件可透過不同之通訊技術連上網路,使資訊世界之網際網路與物理世界之實體物件相互連結,使用者得以透過網際網路來操控連上網路之實體物件。 這類連上網路之實體物件即被稱為物聯網物件,一般而言,物聯網物件有兩項主要功能,分別是感測功能以及制動功能,感測功能透過物聯網物件內嵌入之各式感測器,讓物件能夠監測本身之狀態或是周遭之環境變數如溫度、濕度及空氣品質等。而制動功能可以使其他之物件或是使用者得以透過網際網路或是各類通訊技術來遠端操控該物件,例如遠端遙控一個燈泡之開啟與關閉。透過這兩項功能,許多新穎之自動化物件混搭(physical mashup)應用將可透過不同之物聯網物件實現。 目前現有之技術如網路服務描述語言(Web Services Description Language, WSDL)、hRESTS(HTML for RESTful Services)、及通用隨插即用(Universal Plug and Play, UPnP),皆基於可擴展標記語言(Extensible Markup Language, XML)格式,XML格式富彈性因此便於使用,唯獨XML格式所占儲存空間較大,通常物聯網物件多為資源受限之物件,其儲存空間無法裝載過多以XML撰寫之內容。 再者,現今物聯網之技術與現況為各應用針對每項產品之通訊協定,開發專屬之連結器連結各式物聯網產品,即不同廠牌之物聯網物件往往採用不同之通訊平台及協定,因此使用者僅能透過該物件特定之應用程式來操作這類連網之物件。如想透過統一平台之方式來控制不同物聯網之物件,使用者需要客製化連結器以操作不同之物件,而無法透過一個統一的通訊方式來操作以及管理物聯網物件,如IFTTT(If This Then That),僅能針對該平台客製化的特定物聯網物件,透過IFTTT之平台來控制。這造成物聯網應用開發時需要耗費大量之成本 ,且僅能連結支援部分之物聯網物件。AutoWoT也是一簡易之連結器讓末端使用者得以運用簡易之開發方式來連結不同之物聯網物件,但仍須針對不同之物聯網物件開發對應之連結器。另外,開放式地理空間協會(Open Geospatial Consortium, OGC)感測器規劃服務(Sensor Planning Service, SPS)標準雖然制定了使用者與網路服務之通訊協定 ,但網路服務與不同之物聯網物件連接仍需要客製化開發。 整體而言,現有技術存有下列必要改善之缺點: 1.目前眾多標準皆使用XML格式,由於XML格式與JavaScript物件標記(JavaScript Object Notation, JSON)格式相比並不輕量化,可能使運算能力較差之物聯網物件無法應用; 2.既有技術無法有效連結不同之物聯網物件,且目前現有之技術各家廠商皆自行開發自己之物聯網生態系統,使得不同廠牌之物件更難以通用;以及 3.目前多數之標準皆為各廠商私自定義之標準,而開放標準聯盟針對物聯網物件所設計之標準也多以物聯網之感測能力為主,僅有少數專用於物聯網制動能力之標準。 因此,為改善上述之缺失,本案之發明人特潛心研究,開發出一種「物聯網制動功能描述文檔結構」,以有效改善習用之缺點。Internet of Things (IoT) objects are the trend of global development in recent years. Internet of Things objects can be connected to the Internet through different communication technologies, so that the Internet of the information world and the physical objects of the physical world can be connected to each other. The Internet controls the physical objects connected to the Internet. Such physical objects connected to the Internet are called IoT objects. In general, IoT objects have two main functions, namely sensing function and braking function. The sensing function is embedded in the Internet of Things. The sensor allows the object to monitor its own state or surrounding environmental variables such as temperature, humidity and air quality. The braking function allows other objects or users to remotely control the object through the Internet or various communication technologies, such as remotely turning on and off a light bulb. With these two features, many innovative automated mashup applications will be available through different IoT objects. Existing technologies such as Web Services Description Language (WSDL), hRESTS (HTML for RESTful Services), and Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) are all based on Extensible Markup Language (Extensible Markup Language). Markup Language, XML) format, XML format is flexible and therefore easy to use, but the XML format occupies a large storage space. Usually, IoT objects are mostly resource-constrained objects, and their storage space cannot be loaded with too much XML-written content. Furthermore, the technology and current situation of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a communication protocol for each product for each application. It develops a dedicated linker to link various IoT products. That is, IoT objects of different brands often use different communication platforms and agreements. Therefore, the user can only operate such networked objects through the object-specific application. If you want to control different IoT objects through a unified platform, users need to customize the connector to operate different objects, and cannot operate and manage IoT objects through a unified communication method, such as IFTTT (If This Then That), only specific IoT objects customized for the platform are controlled through the platform of IFTTT. This results in a lot of cost in the development of IoT applications, and only links to support part of the IoT object. AutoWoT is also a simple connector that allows end users to use a simple development method to link different IoT objects, but still need to develop a corresponding connector for different IoT objects. In addition, the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Sensor Planning Service (SPS) standard establishes a communication protocol between users and network services, but network services and different IoT objects. The connection still requires custom development. On the whole, the prior art has the following disadvantages that need to be improved: 1. Many standards currently use the XML format. Since the XML format is not lightweight compared to the JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format, it may make the computing power Poor IoT objects cannot be applied; 2. Existing technologies cannot effectively link different IoT objects, and all existing technologies of the existing technologies develop their own IoT ecosystems, making the objects of different brands more difficult to be universal; And 3. Most of the current standards are privately defined by vendors. The standards designed by the Open Standards Alliance for IoT objects are mostly based on the sensing capabilities of the Internet of Things. Only a few are dedicated to the IoT braking capability. standard. Therefore, in order to improve the above-mentioned shortcomings, the inventors of this case have devoted themselves to research and development of an "IoT brake function description document structure" to effectively improve the disadvantages of the conventional use.
本發明之主要目的係在於,克服習知技藝所遭遇之上述問題並提供一種物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統,係提出一資料模型來描述物聯網之物件,並使用關鍵字取代法承襲描述文檔之資料模型,運用模型中描述通訊協定之方法,進而利用佔位符「{ID}」,使通訊協定得以透過關鍵字取代方式組裝物件之通訊協定,透過制動能力描述文檔,可清楚定義物件之通訊協定與其詮釋資料,以利控制物聯網物件之目的。 為達以上之目的,本發明係一種物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統,係包括:一通訊模組,用於連接一網路服務平台;一儲存模組,用於儲存物聯網物件已註冊到該網路服務平台之描述文檔,該描述文檔係以資料模型描述不同物聯網物件之通訊協定,在每份描述中定義物件通訊之要件,該要件包含一物件(Thing)類別區、一制動能力(Tasking Capability)類別區、一制動器(Actuator)類別區、一HTTP通訊協定(HTTP Protocol)類別區、一參數(Parameter)類別區、一定義(Definition)類別區、一可接受數值(AllowedValue)類別區、一範圍(Range)類別區、及一認證(Authentication)類別區,其中該描述文檔註冊於該網路服務平台後,網路服務將會指派一獨立識別符(ID)給每一物件之制動能力以供辨認;以及一處理模組,連接該通訊模組與該儲存模組,該處理模組經由該通訊模組接收一用戶端傳送查詢指定之描述文檔之請求,根據該請求於該儲存模組中進行查詢並將其指定之描述文檔經由該通訊模組回應於該用戶端,該用戶端再經由該通訊模組傳送一任務請求至該處理模組,該處理模組利用關鍵字取代法將該任務請求與該指定之描述文檔中之資料模型合併轉譯成物件特定之通訊協定,並透過該任務請求中設定指定時間,傳送該特定之通訊協定以控制物聯網物件執行任務。 於本發明上述實施例中,該處理模組經由該通訊模組接收一開發端傳送不同物聯網物件之描述文檔,並將其儲存至該儲存模組中。 於本發明上述實施例中,該描述文檔中各類別區之定義為:該物件類別區包含一物件描述(Description)細節及一屬性(Properties)細節;該制動能力類別區包含一制動能力描述細節;該制動器類別區包含一制動器描述細節;該HTTP通訊協定類別區包含一HTTP方法(HTTP Method)細節、一絕對路徑(Absolute Resource Path)細節、一訊息主體(Message Body)細節、一查詢字串(Query String)細節、一標頭(Header)細節、一片段(Fragment)細節及一認證(Authentication)細節;該參數類別區包含一可接受參數ID(ParameterID)細節、一參數描述細節、一使用方式(Use)細節、及一定義細節;該定義類別區包含一輸入型態(InputType)細節及一測量值單位(UnitOfMeasurement)細節;該可接受數值類別區包含一數值(Value)細節、一範圍(Range)細節及一可接受數值描述細節;該範圍類別區包含一最小值(Min)細節、一最大值(Max)細節及一範圍描述細節;以及該認證類別區包含一認證種類(Type)細節、一使用者名稱(Username)細節及一使用者密碼(Password)細節。 於本發明上述實施例中,該處理模組利用關鍵字取代法將該指定之描述文檔中以資料模型上所載之佔位符「{ID}」取代為該任務請求內輸入之參數。 於本發明上述實施例中,該任務請求內輸入之參數可被自動放置於該HTTP通訊協定類別區之絕對路徑細節、訊息主體細節、查詢字串細節、標頭細節、或片段細節內之任何位置。 於本發明上述實施例中,該用戶端係透過該處理模組得知已註冊之物聯網物件、其制動能力、以及制動能力支援之參數之制動能力資訊後,產生該任務請求並傳送至該處理模組。 於本發明上述實施例中,該描述文檔之格式編寫標準係使用JavaScript物件標記(JavaScript Object Notation, JSON)格式。 於本發明上述實施例中,該描述文檔支援不同物聯網物件之通訊協定,並可為超文本傳輸協議(HTTP)。The main object of the present invention is to overcome the above problems encountered in the prior art and to provide an IoT braking function description document system, which is to provide a data model to describe the objects of the Internet of Things, and to use the keyword substitution method to inherited the description document. The data model uses the method of describing the communication protocol in the model, and then uses the placeholder "{ID}" to enable the communication protocol to assemble the communication protocol of the object through keyword substitution. Through the braking capability description document, the communication of the object can be clearly defined. The agreement and its interpretation of the data to facilitate the purpose of controlling the Internet of Things. For the purpose of the above, the present invention is an IoT brake function description document system, which comprises: a communication module for connecting to a network service platform; and a storage module for storing an IoT object registered to the A description file of the web service platform, which describes a communication protocol for different IoT objects in a data model, and defines an element communication requirement in each description, which includes a thing category area and a braking capability ( Tasking Capability), an Actuator category area, a HTTP Protocol category area, a Parameter category area, a Definition category area, and an AllowedValue category area. a Range category area and an Authentication category area, wherein after the description document is registered on the network service platform, the network service will assign a unique identifier (ID) to each object to brake The capability is for identification; and a processing module is connected to the communication module and the storage module, and the processing module is connected to the Receiving, by the user module, a request for transmitting a query to specify a description document, querying the storage module according to the request, and responding to the specified description document via the communication module, the user terminal The communication module transmits a task request to the processing module, and the processing module uses a keyword substitution method to merge the task request with the data model in the specified description document into an object-specific communication protocol, and through the task The specified time is set in the request, and the specific communication protocol is transmitted to control the IoT object to perform the task. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the processing module receives a description file for transmitting the different IoT objects by the development terminal via the communication module, and stores the description file in the storage module. In the above embodiment of the present invention, each category area in the description document is defined as: the object category area includes an object description detail and a property detail; the braking capability category area includes a braking capability description detail. The brake category area includes a brake description detail; the HTTP protocol category area includes an HTTP Method detail, an Absolute Resource Path detail, a Message Body detail, and a query string (Query String) details, a header detail, a fragment detail, and an authentication detail; the parameter category area contains an acceptable parameter ID (ParameterID) detail, a parameter description detail, and a use A detail of the definition, and a definition detail; the defined category area includes an input type (InputType) detail and a unit of measure unit (UnitOfMeasurement) details; the acceptable value category area includes a value (Value) detail, a range (Range) details and an acceptable numerical description detail; the range category The area includes a minimum (Min) detail, a maximum (Max) detail, and a range description detail; and the authentication category area includes a type of authentication (Type) details, a user name (Username) details, and a user password. (Password) details. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the processing module replaces the placeholder "{ID}" contained in the data model with the parameter input in the task request by using a keyword substitution method. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the parameters input in the task request may be automatically placed in any of the absolute path details, message body details, query string details, header details, or fragment details of the HTTP protocol category area. position. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the user terminal generates the task request and transmits the processed task request to the processing after the processing module knows the registered IoT object, its braking capability, and the braking capability information of the braking capability support parameter. Module. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the format writing standard of the description document uses a JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) format. In the above embodiment of the present invention, the description document supports communication protocols of different Internet of Things objects and may be Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
請參閱『第1圖~第6圖』所示,係分別為本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之應用環境示意圖、本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之功能模組示意圖、本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統中之描述文檔較佳實施例之概念模型示意圖、本發明採用Philips Hue之描述文檔範例示意圖、本發明發送任務之範例示意圖、及本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之流程示意圖。如第1圖所示:本發明係一種物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統10,係應用於一網路伺服器1中。該網路伺服器1透過一網路服務平台2連接數個不同之物聯網物件3。該網路伺服器1還與一開發端4進行資料傳輸,該開發端4根據不同之物聯網物件3撰寫不同之描述文檔40並上傳註冊於該網路服務平台2上。該網路伺服器1還透過該網路服務平台2與該用戶端5通訊以使該用戶端5能查詢已註冊之不同物聯網物件3之通訊協定及其詮釋資料。該物聯網物件3可以為智能燈具、網路攝影機或其他電子物件。 參閱第2圖所示,上述所提物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統10包括一通訊模組11,用於連接該網路服務平台2;一儲存模組12,用於儲存物聯網物件3已註冊到該網路服務平台2之描述文檔;以及一連接該通訊模組11與該儲存模組12之處理模組13,該處理模組13經由該通訊模組11接收該用戶端5傳送查詢指定之描述文檔之請求,根據該請求於該儲存模組12中進行查詢並將其指定之描述文檔經由該通訊模組11回應於該用戶端5,該用戶端5再經由該通訊模組11傳送一任務請求至該處理模組13,該處理模組13利用關鍵字取代法將該任務請求與該指定之描述文檔中之資料模型合併轉譯成物件特定之通訊協定,並透過該任務請求中設定指定時間,傳送該特定之通訊協定以控制物聯網物件3執行任務。如是,藉由上述揭露之結構構成一全新之物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統10。 本發明主要為提出一資料模型來描述物聯網之物件,並使用上述關鍵字取代法承襲該描述文檔之資料模型,運用模型中描述通訊協定之方法,進而利用佔位符「{ID}」,使通訊協定得以透過關鍵字取代方式組裝物件之通訊協定,透過制動能力描述文檔,可清楚定義物件之通訊協定與其詮釋資料,以利控制物聯網物件,因此專利本身即為該模型之設計以及關鍵字取代法。以下為本發明之細節: 參閱第3圖所示,上述描述文檔40係以資料模型描述不同物聯網物件之通訊協定,在每份描述中定義物件通訊之要件,該要件包含一物件(Thing)類別區41、一制動能力(Tasking Capability)類別區42、一制動器(Actuator)類別區43、一HTTP通訊協定(HTTP Protocol)類別區44、一參數(Parameter)類別區45、一定義(Definition)類別區46、一可接受數值(AllowedValue)類別區47、一範圍(Range)類別區48、及一認證(Authentication)類別區49。以下將逐一介紹各類別區之定義,並舉例幾個使用案例說明本發明之概念。 該物件類別區41:泛指各類物聯網物件,其包含一物件描述(Description)細節及一屬性(Properties)細節;物件可透過Description與Properties描述物件之詮釋資料。如智能燈具可以歸類在此,透過描述讓用戶端之使用者了解該物件之詮釋資料,而透過特性之關鍵值(Key-Value)配對可說明該物件之屬性細節。 該制動能力類別區42:制動能力之定義為物聯網物件透過制動器所提供之服務,其包含一制動能力描述細節;其Description屬性提供該功能之描述。制動能力之細節實際上位於其他類別區,包含HTTP Protocol類別區以及Parameter類別區。HTTP Protocol類別區定義此制動功能與外界溝通時所需使用之通訊協定。Parameter類別區則負責描述此制動能力可接受之指令參數,並透過HTTP通訊協定傳送這些參數。 該制動器類別區43:其包含一制動器描述細節;此類別區將主要用於提供制動器之詮釋資料。一個物聯網物件上可能具有多個制動器存在,例如將一台網路攝影機歸類為一個Thing,其中具有縮放功能之制動器及移動視角功能之制動器。而本發明將不同制動功能之制動器分別描述,以提供細節資訊。 該HTTP通訊協定類別區44:物聯網之通訊方式可經由不同之傳輸平台,例如依目前上述定義之描述文檔類別係針對超文本傳輸協議(HTTP);但未來亦可使用類似策略延伸至其他通訊協定,如群峰無線網路(Zigbee)、藍牙(Bluetooth)等。承上述,本發明著重在HTTP通訊協定上之描述,該HTTP通訊協定類別區定義各制動器之通訊協定與接口,其屬性如下表一所示,包含一HTTP方法(HTTP Method)細節,其可能為讀取(GET)、新增(POST)、更新(PUT)及刪除(DELETE);一絕對路徑(Absolute Resource Path)細節,為全球資源***(Uniform Resource Locator, URL);一訊息主體(Message Body)細節;一查詢字串(Query String)細節;一標頭(Header)細節;一片段(Fragment)細節;及一認證(Authentication)細節。透過該些資訊,可組成一個完整之HTTP請求。 表一
1‧‧‧網路伺服器
10‧‧‧物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統
11‧‧‧通訊模組
12‧‧‧儲存模組
13‧‧‧處理模組
2‧‧‧網路服務平台
3‧‧‧物聯網物件
4‧‧‧開發端
40‧‧‧描述文檔
41‧‧‧物件類別區
42‧‧‧制動能力類別區
43‧‧‧制動器類別區
44‧‧‧HTTP通訊協定類別區
45‧‧‧參數類別區
46‧‧‧定義類別區
47‧‧‧可接受數值類別區
48‧‧‧範圍類別區
49‧‧‧認證類別區
5‧‧‧用戶端
S10~S12‧‧‧步驟1‧‧‧Web server 10‧‧‧IoT brake function description document system 11‧‧‧Communication module 12‧‧‧Storage module 13‧‧‧Processing module 2‧‧‧Network service platform 3‧ ‧ ‧ IoT objects 4 ‧ ‧ development end 40 ‧ ‧ description document 41 ‧ ‧ object category area 42 ‧ ‧ brake capacity category area 43 ‧ ‧ brake category area 44 ‧ ‧ HTTP communication agreement category area 45 ‧ ‧ ‧ Parameter Category Area 46‧‧‧Definition Category Area 47‧‧‧Acceptable Value Category Area 48‧‧‧Scope Category Area 49‧‧‧Certification Category Area 5‧‧‧ Client
S10~S12‧‧‧Steps
第1圖,係本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之應用環境示意圖。 第2圖,係本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之功能模組示意圖。 第3圖,係本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統中之描述文檔較佳實施例之概念模型示意圖。 第4圖,係本發明採用Philips Hue之描述文檔範例示意圖。 第5圖,係本發明發送任務之範例示意圖。 第6圖,係本發明物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統較佳實施例之流程 示意圖。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a preferred embodiment of the IoT brake function description document system of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a functional module of a preferred embodiment of the IoT brake function description document system of the present invention. Figure 3 is a conceptual model diagram of a preferred embodiment of the description document in the IoT Brake Function Description Document System of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a description document of Philips Hue in the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a transmission task of the present invention. Figure 6 is a flow chart showing a preferred embodiment of the IoT brake function description document system of the present invention.
10‧‧‧物聯網制動功能描述文檔系統 10‧‧‧IoT Brake Function Description Document System
11‧‧‧通訊模組 11‧‧‧Communication module
12‧‧‧儲存模組 12‧‧‧ Storage Module
13‧‧‧處理模組 13‧‧‧Processing module
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