TW201643398A - Sensor, driving member with sensor, driving apparatus with driving member, and evaluation method - Google Patents
Sensor, driving member with sensor, driving apparatus with driving member, and evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種用於裝入一驅動構件的內部的感測器、一種具有一感測器的驅動構件、一種具有一驅動構件的驅動裝置，以及一種針對一感測器之訊號的評估辦法。 The present invention relates to a sensor for loading the inside of a driving member, a driving member having a sensor, a driving device having a driving member, and an evaluation of a signal for a sensor Method.
先前技術中揭示過若干用於對自驅動裝置之特定區域流出的液體進行偵測的裝置及方法。EP 1 562 031 A2公開過一種針對自馬達流出的液體的洩漏排出通道。一感測器係設置在此洩漏排出通道中。在液體自此馬達流出至此洩漏排出通道時，此感測器之偵測器側會被潤濕，並且可透過評估一感測器訊號來偵測此液體潤濕。 Several prior art devices and methods for detecting liquid flowing out of a particular region of a drive unit have been disclosed in the prior art. EP 1 562 031 A2 discloses a leakage discharge channel for liquid flowing out of a motor. A sensor is disposed in the leakage discharge passage. When the liquid flows from the motor to the leak discharge passage, the detector side of the sensor is wetted, and the liquid wetting can be detected by evaluating a sensor signal.
本發明之目的在於提出一種有所改進的感測器，或者一種針對源於該感測器之訊號的有所改進的評估辦法。目的特別是在於，相比傳統的解決方案，以儘可能 簡單的方式改進偵測可靠性。 It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved sensor or an improved evaluation method for signals originating from the sensor. The purpose is especially that compared to traditional solutions, to the extent possible Simple way to improve detection reliability.
本發明用以達成上述目的之解決方案為一種如請求項1的用於裝入一驅動構件之內部的感測器，以及一種如並列請求項的針對一感測器之訊號的評估辦法。 The solution to achieve the above object of the present invention is a sensor for loading the inside of a driving member as claimed in claim 1, and an evaluation method for a sensor for a sensor as a parallel request.
根據本發明的一個態樣，提出一種用於裝入一驅動構件的內部的感測器，其具有一用於構建電容的導電通路以及一將該導電通路容納的絕緣材料，其中該導電通路係設置在該感測器的一偵測器側上，在裝入狀態下，該偵測器側至少部分地界定該驅動構件的一內腔。 According to an aspect of the present invention, a sensor for mounting an interior of a driving member has a conductive path for constructing a capacitor and an insulating material for accommodating the conductive path, wherein the conductive path is Provided on a detector side of the sensor, the detector side at least partially defines an interior cavity of the drive member in the loaded state.
根據本發明的另一態樣，提出一種針對在此描述的典型感測器的訊號的評估辦法，包括對該導電通路之電容進行量測，以及將該測得的電容與一預設的比較值作比較。 In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, an evaluation method for a typical sensor of the present invention is provided, including measuring the capacitance of the conductive path and comparing the measured capacitance to a predetermined one. Values are compared.
一典型的感測器係可裝入或者裝入一驅動構件的內部。就一典型的感測器而言，該感測器之偵測器側至少部分地界定該驅動構件的一內腔。通常，該設於感測器之偵測器側上的、用於構建電容的導電通路為該驅動構件之內腔的界定件的部件。在若干實施方式中，該導電通路係嵌入該絕緣材料，其中該導電通路係通常透過該絕緣材料相對該驅動構件之內腔絕緣。在其他實施方式中，該導電通路曝露出來，或者具有自有的、獨立於該絕緣材料的絕緣。但在該感測器之偵測器側與該驅動構件之內腔之間通常不設其他層。 A typical sensor can be loaded or loaded into the interior of a drive member. In the case of a typical sensor, the detector side of the sensor at least partially defines an interior cavity of the drive member. Typically, the conductive path on the detector side of the sensor for constructing the capacitor is a component of the defining portion of the inner cavity of the drive member. In some embodiments, the electrically conductive pathway is embedded in the insulative material, wherein the electrically conductive pathway is typically insulated from the inner cavity of the drive member through the insulative material. In other embodiments, the conductive path is exposed or has its own insulation that is independent of the insulating material. However, there are usually no other layers between the detector side of the sensor and the inner cavity of the drive member.
若該驅動構件之內腔中存在因洩露而進入此內 腔的液體，例如油，則在若干典型實施方式中，該感測器之偵測器側會被直接潤濕。“潤濕”概念毋需理解為在該偵測器側之整個面範圍內分佈的液體。確切言之，“潤濕”概念亦包括少量液體的存在，例如僅存在於該感測器之偵測器側的一分區上的、自100μL起或自50μL起的較少油滴。 If there is leakage in the inner cavity of the driving member, enter the inside The liquid of the chamber, such as oil, is in some exemplary embodiments where the detector side of the sensor is directly wetted. The concept of "wetting" is not to be understood as a liquid distributed over the entire surface of the detector side. Specifically, the "wetting" concept also includes the presence of small amounts of liquid, such as fewer oil droplets from 100 [mu]L or from 50 [mu]L, only on one partition of the detector side of the sensor.
就例如在洩露時作為漏液將該感測器之偵測器側潤濕的待偵測液體而言，此液體之相對介電係數通常與在常規工作狀態下處於該驅動構件之內腔中的介質的相對介電係數不同。在常規工作狀態下，此介質通常為空氣。在該液體將該感測器之偵測器側潤濕的情況下，該抵接至該導電通路(其係容納在該感測器之絕緣材料中)的半空間的介電係數發生變化。故該導電通路之電容發生變化。對該電容的量測，或對該電容之變化的量測通常用於對該感測器之偵測器側上的液體進行偵測。 For example, in the case of a liquid to be detected that wets the detector side of the sensor as a leak at the time of leakage, the relative dielectric constant of the liquid is usually in the inner cavity of the driving member under normal working conditions. The relative dielectric constant of the medium is different. Under normal operating conditions, this medium is typically air. In the case where the liquid wets the detector side of the sensor, the dielectric constant of the half space abutting the conductive path (which is housed in the insulating material of the sensor) changes. Therefore, the capacitance of the conductive path changes. The measurement of the capacitance, or the measurement of the change in the capacitance, is typically used to detect liquid on the detector side of the sensor.
若干典型實施方式具有以下優點：能夠直接在此內腔本身中對進入該驅動構件之內腔的液體進行偵測。通常不期望液體進入該驅動構件之內腔，亦即，藉由該感測器實施的液體偵測通常為洩露偵測。 Several exemplary embodiments have the advantage that liquid entering the interior of the drive member can be detected directly in the lumen itself. It is generally undesirable for liquid to enter the interior of the drive member, i.e., liquid detection by the sensor is typically leak detection.
根據本發明，通常不設例如用於設置該感測器的洩漏排出通道，該內腔或該驅動構件或該驅動裝置特別是無洩漏排出通道。在液體，特別是漏液進入該驅動構件之內部的情況下，該感測器之偵測器側會被直接潤濕，而毋需預先透過一洩露排出通道將此液體排出。 According to the invention, there is generally no leakage discharge channel, for example for arranging the sensor, the inner chamber or the drive member or the drive device, in particular a leak-free discharge channel. In the case where the liquid, particularly the liquid leakage, enters the interior of the drive member, the detector side of the sensor is directly wetted without the prior discharge of the liquid through a leak discharge passage.
在一傳統方式下設有的洩露排出通道中，可能無 法或無法正確地對意外進入或流出的液體進行偵測，例如在僅存在少量潤滑劑的情況下。而本發明之感測器的偵測器側通常至少部分地界定該驅動構件之內腔。透過在該驅動構件之內腔本身中直接偵測液體，能夠改進偵測精度、洩露時的回應時間或者偵測靈敏度。 In a leaky discharge channel provided in a conventional manner, there may be no The method may not properly detect the accidental entry or exit of the liquid, for example in the presence of only a small amount of lubricant. The detector side of the sensor of the present invention typically at least partially defines the interior of the drive member. By directly detecting the liquid in the inner cavity of the driving member, the detection accuracy, the response time when leaking, or the detection sensitivity can be improved.
該待偵測之液體亦可為因外部環境條件而進入該驅動構件之內部的外部液體。此種外部液體通常為水，以及/或者為一清潔劑，其在清潔過程中以非期望的方式克服該等可能設於驅動構件上的密封。 The liquid to be detected may also be an external liquid that enters the interior of the drive member due to external environmental conditions. Such external liquid is typically water and/or is a cleaning agent that overcomes such seals that may be provided on the drive member in an undesired manner during the cleaning process.
在若干實施方式中，該絕緣材料係可彎曲。在其他實施方式中，設有一剛性的絕緣材料。該絕緣材料可構型為扁平的柔性印刷電路板，例如構型為由一聚醯亞胺膜材料或另一塑膠構成的扁平的柔性印刷電路板。該用於構建電容的導電通路可嵌入該印刷電路板之材料。該絕緣材料之柔性有助於使得該感測器與該驅動構件之內腔的輪廓匹配。 In several embodiments, the insulating material is bendable. In other embodiments, a rigid insulating material is provided. The insulating material can be configured as a flat flexible printed circuit board, such as a flat flexible printed circuit board configured from a polyimide film material or another plastic. The conductive path for constructing the capacitor can be embedded in the material of the printed circuit board. The flexibility of the insulating material helps to match the sensor to the contour of the lumen of the drive member.
在若干實施方式中，該感測器包括一銷件，在該銷件之尖端上設有該包含導電通路的絕緣材料。該銷件之典型實施方式包括若干螺栓或螺紋螺釘。該銷件通常係可被送入一驅動構件的一開口，例如可被送入該驅動構件的一鑽孔或一具有內螺紋的開口。 In some embodiments, the sensor includes a pin member having an insulating material including a conductive path disposed on a tip end of the pin member. A typical embodiment of the pin includes a number of bolts or threaded screws. The pin member is typically fed into an opening of a drive member, such as a bore that can be fed into the drive member or an internally threaded opening.
在若干實施方式中，該感測器之絕緣材料係構型為環件。該導電通路可構型在該環件之側面中的一個上，以及，該導電通路通常構型在該環件之一側上的整個環周 上。此側通常為該環件之內側，其在裝入狀態下朝向該內腔。在其他實施方式中，該導電通路係構型在該環件的一軸向側面上。在裝入狀態下，該環件可設於該驅動構件的一側上，其相對該驅動構件之內腔實現一密封功能。該環件可部分或完全承擔此密封功能。 In several embodiments, the insulating material of the sensor is configured as a ring. The conductive path can be configured on one of the sides of the ring member, and the conductive path is generally configured over the entire circumference of one side of the ring member on. This side is usually the inner side of the ring, which faces the inner cavity in the loaded state. In other embodiments, the electrically conductive pathway is configured on an axial side of the ring. In the loaded state, the ring member can be disposed on one side of the drive member to achieve a sealing function with respect to the inner cavity of the drive member. The ring can partially or completely assume this sealing function.
在若干實施方式中，該感測器包括一評估電子設備。該評估電子設備可構型在該感測器之內部中，例如該絕緣材料之內部中。作為替代方案，該評估電子設備可直接抵接至該絕緣材料。該評估電子設備例如可構型在與該感測器之偵測器側相對的一側上。 In several embodiments, the sensor includes an evaluation electronics. The evaluation electronics can be configured in the interior of the sensor, such as in the interior of the insulating material. Alternatively, the evaluation electronics can be directly abutted to the insulating material. The evaluation electronics can be configured, for example, on a side opposite the detector side of the sensor.
就典型的評估辦法而言，對該導電通路之電容進行量測，並將該測得的電容與一預設的值作比較。 In the typical evaluation method, the capacitance of the conductive path is measured and the measured capacitance is compared to a predetermined value.
一典型的評估電子設備具有針對該感測器之導電通路的電容的電容量測功能。該評估電子設備例如可備設成對該導電通路的電容進行量測，並將該測得的電容與一預設的值作比較。 A typical evaluation electronics has a capacitance measurement function for the capacitance of the conductive path of the sensor. The evaluation electronics can, for example, be configured to measure the capacitance of the conductive path and compare the measured capacitance to a predetermined value.
就一典型的評估電子設備或典型的評估辦法而言，該預設的值係一預設的電容或者與一預設的電容關聯。該預設的值可預先定義，或者在工作狀態下設定。在其他實施方式中，將該電容之變化速度與一閾值作比較。可連續地，或者隨時間以定義或可定義的時間間隔重複實施此比較。 In the case of a typical evaluation electronics or typical evaluation method, the preset value is a predetermined capacitance or associated with a predetermined capacitance. The preset value can be pre-defined or set in the working state. In other embodiments, the rate of change of the capacitance is compared to a threshold. This comparison can be repeated continuously, or over time, at defined or definable time intervals.
該預設的值通常與一在該感測器之偵測器側未被液體潤濕的狀態下的標稱電容關聯。該預設的值亦可與 一在該感測器之偵測器側被一特定液體潤濕的狀態下的標稱電容關聯，其中該特定液體在其他液體進入該驅動構件之內腔時至少部分地被後者置換。特別是在該特定液體與該其他液體具有不同的相對介電係數，其在該等液體中的一個或另一個將該導電通路潤濕時，導致該感測器之偵測器側的導電通路的不同電容的情況下，會出現此情形。 The preset value is typically associated with a nominal capacitance in a state where the detector side of the sensor is not wetted by the liquid. The preset value can also be A nominal capacitance associated with the detector side of the sensor being wetted by a particular liquid, wherein the particular liquid is at least partially replaced by the latter as the other liquid enters the interior of the drive member. In particular, the specific liquid has a different relative permittivity with the other liquid, and when one or the other of the liquids wets the conductive path, the conductive path of the detector side of the sensor is caused. This situation occurs with different capacitances.
在典型評估辦法的若干實施方式或一典型評估電子設備的若干實施方式中，對該導電通路之電容的量測包括對該導電通路施加一量測訊號。為對該導電通路之電容進行量測，通常將一量測電壓施加至該導電通路。在進行量測時，通常將該電容與一參考電容建立關聯，並將該測得的比例轉換成一量測電壓。 In several embodiments of a typical evaluation method or in several embodiments of a typical evaluation electronic device, measuring the capacitance of the conductive path includes applying a measurement signal to the conductive path. To measure the capacitance of the conductive path, a measured voltage is typically applied to the conductive path. When measuring, the capacitance is typically associated with a reference capacitor and the measured ratio is converted to a measured voltage.
一典型評估電子設備可針對該電容量測功能具有一電容-電壓轉換器。通常將該導電通路之電容與該參考電容建立關聯。 A typical evaluation electronics can have a capacitance-to-voltage converter for the capacitance measurement function. The capacitance of the conductive path is typically associated with the reference capacitance.
在若干實施方式中，作為替代方案，該評估電子設備具有一恆定電流源、一時間量測電路以及一電壓量測電路。通常藉由源自該恆定電流源之電流將若干電荷輸入該導電通路，並對直至達到定義的電壓為止所經過的時間進行量測。通常根據該測得的時間、該定義的電壓以及該源自恆定電流源之電流的電流強度計算出該導電通路之電容。 In some embodiments, the evaluation electronics has, as an alternative, a constant current source, a time measurement circuit, and a voltage measurement circuit. A number of charges are typically input to the conductive path by current from the constant current source and the time elapsed until a defined voltage is reached is measured. The capacitance of the conductive path is typically calculated based on the measured time, the defined voltage, and the current strength of the current from the constant current source.
在若干典型的評估辦法或典型的評估電子設備中，連續地，或者隨時間以定義或可定義的時間間隔重複 實施該比較。在進行比較時，通常確定該測得的值向上或向下偏離該比較值的程度。該比較值通常包括一比較值域，其係構型為圍繞一中間比較值。若在比較時確定該測得的電容不處於該比較值域內，則輸出一對應的訊號，例如一警告訊號。 Repeated in a number of typical evaluation methods or typical evaluation electronics, either continuously or over time at defined or definable intervals Implement the comparison. When making a comparison, it is generally determined the extent to which the measured value deviates upward or downward from the comparison value. The comparison value typically includes a comparison value field that is structured to surround an intermediate comparison value. If it is determined during the comparison that the measured capacitance is not within the comparison value field, a corresponding signal, such as a warning signal, is output.
在典型的感測器的若干實施方式中，該導電通路包括一數位間結構，其具有若干至少部分嚙入彼此的子導電通路。換言之：該導電通路可具有多個分別用作單個電極的子導電通路。該等多個子導電通路通常具有兩個子導電通路，其可構型為第一電極或第二電極。該等電極中的每個皆可與一評估單元電連接。在其他實施方式中，設有其他電極，例如用於就該被漏液潤濕的面實現一空間解析度。 In several embodiments of a typical sensor, the electrically conductive pathway includes an interdigit structure having a plurality of sub-conducting vias that at least partially bite into each other. In other words: the conductive path can have a plurality of sub-conductive paths that serve as a single electrode, respectively. The plurality of sub-conductive paths typically have two sub-conducting paths that can be configured as a first electrode or a second electrode. Each of the electrodes can be electrically coupled to an evaluation unit. In other embodiments, other electrodes are provided, such as for achieving a spatial resolution of the surface that is wetted by the liquid leakage.
在若干實施方式中，一驅動構件配設有上述典型感測器中的一個。在若干典型的實施方式中，該驅動構件係一傳動裝置或一接裝板。典型的接裝板被應用在電動馬達-傳動裝置組合中或傳統裝置-傳動裝置組合中。在一典型的電動馬達-傳統裝置組合中，一軸體係自該電動馬達引出，且該接裝板包括一以供該軸體穿過的通孔。在若干典型的實施方式中，該接裝板包括一用於安裝在該電動馬達之從動側上的第一緊固面。若干典型的接裝板包括一用於安裝在該傳動裝置上的第二緊固面。 In several embodiments, a drive member is provided with one of the typical sensors described above. In some typical embodiments, the drive member is a transmission or an adapter plate. Typical adapter plates are used in electric motor-transmission combinations or in conventional device-transmission combinations. In a typical electric motor-conventional device combination, a shaft system is drawn from the electric motor and the adapter plate includes a through hole for the shaft to pass through. In some typical embodiments, the adapter plate includes a first fastening surface for mounting on a driven side of the electric motor. A number of typical adapter plates include a second fastening surface for mounting on the transmission.
在若干實施方式中，該感測器係直接設置在該驅動構件的一內周面上。該感測器可與該評估電子設備一起 直接設置在該驅動構件的內周面上。該驅動構件的內周面通常係一個面，其本身為該驅動構件之內腔的界定件的部件。此內周面例如可為一內柱面，或者該驅動構件的一內柱面，特別是該接裝板的一內柱面。內周面通常用於構成以供一軸體穿過的內腔。該感測器之偵測器側與該內周面通常一同至少界定該內腔之以供一軸體穿過的部分。可以有線的方式，將源於該感測器的訊號或者源於一可能為該感測器之部件的評估電子設備的訊號自該內腔引出。例如可設有一適宜的引線件。該引線件通常設於一緊固元件的一鑽孔中，該緊固元件係自外部***該驅動構件之側開口。 In some embodiments, the sensor is disposed directly on an inner peripheral surface of the drive member. The sensor can be used with the evaluation electronics It is directly disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the drive member. The inner peripheral surface of the drive member is typically a face that is itself a component of the defining member of the inner cavity of the drive member. The inner circumferential surface can be, for example, an inner cylindrical surface or an inner cylindrical surface of the drive member, in particular an inner cylindrical surface of the adapter plate. The inner peripheral surface is typically used to form a lumen for a shaft to pass through. The detector side of the sensor, along with the inner peripheral surface, generally defines at least a portion of the inner cavity through which a shaft passes. The signal originating from the sensor or the signal from an evaluation electronic device that may be a component of the sensor may be drawn from the lumen in a wired manner. For example, a suitable lead member can be provided. The lead member is typically disposed in a bore of a fastening member that is externally inserted into a side opening of the drive member.
在若干實施方式中，該感測器係如此構型及/或設置在該驅動構件上或該驅動構件中，使得在液體進入該內腔時，透過此液體至少部分地將該感測器之偵測器側潤濕。在採用旋轉式軸體的情況下，進入該內腔的液體，特別是潤滑劑在工作狀態下通常徑向分佈在該驅動構件之內腔中。該感測器之功能通常與其就驅動構件之定向而言的裝入位置無關，即與以下無關：在裝入狀態下，該感測器係在該驅動構件中設於上部、下部還是側部。 In some embodiments, the sensor is configured and/or disposed on the drive member or in the drive member such that the liquid at least partially passes the liquid as it enters the inner cavity The detector side is wetted. In the case of a rotary shaft, the liquid entering the interior, in particular the lubricant, is generally radially distributed in the inner cavity of the drive member during operation. The function of the sensor is generally independent of the loading position with respect to the orientation of the drive member, ie irrespective of whether the sensor is placed in the upper, lower or side portion of the drive member in the loaded state. .
在若干實施方式中，為進行附裝，該驅動構件係構型為抵接至一傳動裝置區域，其中該傳動裝置區域具有一與該驅動構件之內腔隔絕的傳動裝置內腔。在工作狀態下，在該傳動裝置內腔中通常設有一潤滑劑。 In some embodiments, for attachment, the drive member is configured to abut a transmission region, wherein the transmission region has a transmission lumen that is isolated from the interior of the drive member. In the operating state, a lubricant is usually provided in the interior of the transmission.
在若干實施方式中，設有一驅動裝置，其具有上述驅動構件中的一典型驅動構件，以及一緊固或附裝在該 驅動構件上的傳動裝置。該驅動裝置之傳動裝置通常具有一傳動裝置區域，其中該傳動裝置區域具有一與該驅動構件之內腔隔絕的傳動裝置內腔。在該傳動裝置內腔中通常設有一潤滑劑。該潤滑劑可為油，以及，該傳動裝置內腔可被該油填充。 In some embodiments, a drive device is provided having a typical drive member of the drive member, and a fastening or attachment thereto The drive on the drive member. The transmission of the drive device typically has a transmission region, wherein the transmission region has a transmission interior that is isolated from the interior of the drive member. A lubricant is typically provided in the interior of the transmission. The lubricant can be oil and the interior of the transmission can be filled with the oil.
在若干實施方式中，該驅動裝置具有一電動馬達，其中該驅動構件係設置在該電動馬達與該傳動裝置之間。若干實施方式的典型電動馬達係構型為同步馬達、異步馬達或伺服馬達。 In some embodiments, the drive device has an electric motor, wherein the drive member is disposed between the electric motor and the transmission. A typical electric motor system of several embodiments is a synchronous motor, an asynchronous motor or a servo motor.
該傳動裝置通常係構型為行星傳動裝置、諧波傳動裝置、同軸傳動裝置或線性傳動裝置，或者亦可構型為液靜壓傳統裝置或流體動力傳動裝置。該傳動裝置區域通常具有一針對穿過該驅動構件的軸體的入口。 The transmission is usually configured as a planetary transmission, a harmonic transmission, a coaxial transmission or a linear transmission, or may be configured as a hydrostatic conventional device or a fluid power transmission device. The transmission region typically has an inlet for a shaft that passes through the drive member.
可在一設於該感測器上或該感測器中的評估電子設備中實施典型的評估辦法。作為替代方案，亦可在一外部評估裝置中實施典型的評估辦法。 A typical evaluation method can be implemented in an evaluation electronics provided on the sensor or in the sensor. As an alternative, a typical evaluation method can also be implemented in an external evaluation device.
在若干實施方式中，該方法還包括：藉由該比較，對該至少部分地將感測器之偵測器側潤濕的液體的類型進行分類。例如可在該比較中確定該測得的電容是否大於或小於該比較值，或者是否超出或低於該比較值域的界限，從而實施該分類。如此便能對該液體的類型進行粗略鑑定，例如確定其為極性液體還是非極性液體。在該分類中，例如亦可更加精確地對若干值或值序列進行比較。可更加精細地對該液體之類型進行鑑定，例如該偵測的液體 可歸入的潤滑油類型或類別。 In several embodiments, the method further comprises, by the comparing, classifying the type of liquid that at least partially wets the detector side of the sensor. For example, it is possible to determine in the comparison whether the measured capacitance is greater than or less than the comparison value, or whether it exceeds or falls below the limit of the comparison value field, thereby implementing the classification. This allows a rough identification of the type of liquid, such as determining whether it is a polar liquid or a non-polar liquid. In this classification, for example, it is also possible to compare several values or sequences of values more precisely. The type of liquid can be identified more finely, such as the liquid being detected The type or type of lubricant that can be classified.
10‧‧‧感測器 10‧‧‧ Sensors
11‧‧‧偵測器側 11‧‧‧Detector side
20‧‧‧絕緣材料 20‧‧‧Insulation materials
21a、21b‧‧‧子導電通路 21a, 21b‧‧‧child conduction path
30‧‧‧銷件 30‧‧‧ Pins
31‧‧‧尖端 31‧‧‧ tip
32‧‧‧桿部 32‧‧‧ pole
40‧‧‧環件 40‧‧‧ Rings
41‧‧‧環件的內側 41‧‧‧ inside of the ring
100‧‧‧驅動構件 100‧‧‧ drive components
101‧‧‧接裝板 101‧‧‧Terminal board
110‧‧‧界定件 110‧‧‧Defined parts
130‧‧‧開口 130‧‧‧ openings
150‧‧‧傳動裝置 150‧‧‧Transmission
151‧‧‧傳動裝置區域 151‧‧‧Transmission area
155‧‧‧傳動裝置從動軸 155‧‧‧Transmission driven shaft
160‧‧‧電動馬達 160‧‧‧Electric motor
165‧‧‧軸體 165‧‧‧Axis
下面結合附圖對本發明之較佳實施方式的更多優點及特徵進行說明。 Further advantages and features of the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附圖中：圖1為根據本發明之第一典型實施方式的，具有一感測器的驅動裝置的分解透視圖；圖2為根據該第一典型實施方式的，如圖1所示具有感測器的構件的放大圖；圖3為根據該第一典型實施方式的，該感測器之偵測器側的俯視圖；及圖4為根據本發明之第二典型實施方式的，具有一感測器的驅動裝置的分解透視圖。 In the drawings: FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a driving device having a sensor according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a view showing a sense of FIG. 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment. An enlarged view of the components of the detector; FIG. 3 is a plan view of the detector side of the sensor according to the first exemplary embodiment; and FIG. 4 is a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention having a sense An exploded perspective view of the drive of the detector.
下面結合附圖對若干典型實施方式進行說明，其中本發明並非侷限於該等實施例，確切言之，本發明之範圍係由申請專利範圍確定。 The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the claims.
圖1為根據一典型實施方式的，具有一感測器的驅動裝置的分解透視圖。 1 is an exploded perspective view of a drive device having a sensor, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
圖1示出傳動裝置150，其與自傳動裝置150伸出的傳動裝置從動軸155一同構成一傳動裝置區域151。該傳動裝置區域151係構型為傳動裝置塊，且例如具有一行星傳動裝置或一諧波傳動裝置。 1 shows a transmission 150 that, together with a transmission driven shaft 155 extending from the transmission 150, constitutes a transmission region 151. The transmission region 151 is configured as a transmission block and has, for example, a planetary transmission or a harmonic transmission.
為將傳動裝置150與一包括軸體165--其用於驅動該傳動裝置150--的電動馬達160耦合，設有一構型為接裝板101的驅動構件100。 To couple the transmission 150 to an electric motor 160 including a shaft 165 for driving the transmission 150, a drive member 100 configured as an adapter plate 101 is provided.
接裝板101之朝向電動馬達160的一側具有若干緊固方案，其與電動馬達160之互補的緊固方案對應。相似地，接裝板101之朝向傳動裝置150的一側具有若干緊固方案，其與傳動裝置150之互補的緊固方案對應。在緊固狀態下，電動馬達160之軸體165係穿過接裝板101之內部。軸體165係***傳動裝置150並對其進行驅動。 The side of the adapter plate 101 facing the electric motor 160 has a number of fastening schemes that correspond to complementary fastening schemes of the electric motor 160. Similarly, the side of the adapter plate 101 facing the transmission 150 has a number of fastening schemes that correspond to complementary fastening schemes of the transmission 150. In the tightened state, the shaft 165 of the electric motor 160 passes through the interior of the adapter plate 101. The shaft body 165 is inserted into the transmission 150 and driven.
傳動裝置內腔通常填充有一用於傳動裝置潤滑的潤滑劑，其自該傳動裝置內腔的流出通常表明此傳動裝置之故障。早期偵測此種洩漏有助於延長此傳動裝置之壽命以及改善此傳動裝置之故障安全性。 The interior of the transmission is typically filled with a lubricant for lubrication of the transmission, and the flow from the interior of the transmission generally indicates a malfunction of the transmission. Early detection of such leaks helps to extend the life of the transmission and improve the fail-safeness of the transmission.
該驅動裝置通常在工作中受到其所應用於的製程的影響。此類製程影響例如可為將該驅動裝置污染的物質。在該驅動裝置之清潔過程中去除該等污物時，清潔液或諸如此類可能會進入傳動裝置150之內腔並導致腐蝕。早期偵測此種液體滲入亦有助於延長此傳動裝置之壽命以及改善此傳動裝置之故障安全性。 The drive is usually affected by the process to which it is applied during operation. Such process effects can be, for example, substances that contaminate the drive. When the dirt is removed during the cleaning of the drive device, the cleaning fluid or the like may enter the inner cavity of the transmission 150 and cause corrosion. Early detection of such liquid infiltration also helps to extend the life of the transmission and improve the fail-safe nature of the transmission.
為將傳動裝置150夾緊在接裝板101中，在接裝板101中設有一具有內螺紋的、用於送入一銷件30的開口130。銷件30包括一感測器10，且在所示實施方式中，該銷件係構型為螺紋螺釘。 In order to clamp the transmission 150 in the adapter plate 101, an opening 130 for internal threading for feeding a pin member 30 is provided in the adapter plate 101. The pin member 30 includes a sensor 10, and in the illustrated embodiment, the pin member is configured as a threaded screw.
圖2為銷件30的放大透視圖。為簡單起見，在該 等附圖中以無螺紋的方式示出該銷件之桿部32。在其他實施方式中，該銷件包括一卡口連接或另一緊固裝置，其與該接裝板之具對應構型的開口共同起作用，以將該銷件緊固在該接裝板中。 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the pin member 30. For the sake of simplicity, in this The stem portion 32 of the pin member is shown in a non-threaded manner in the drawings. In other embodiments, the pin member includes a bayonet connection or another fastening device that cooperates with an opening of the adapter plate having a corresponding configuration to secure the pin member to the adapter plate in.
在桿部32之前端上的尖端31上，銷件30具有感測器10，下文還將結合圖3對此作詳細說明。銷件30之尖端31構成感測器10。在所示實施方式中，感測器10之偵測器側11在尖端31上曝露出來，並且為該銷件之尖端31的表面的部件。 On the tip end 31 on the front end of the stem portion 32, the pin member 30 has a sensor 10, which will be described in more detail below in connection with FIG. The tip end 31 of the pin member 30 constitutes the sensor 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the detector side 11 of the sensor 10 is exposed on the tip 31 and is a component of the surface of the tip 31 of the pin.
圖3為根據圖1及圖2所示實施方式的，感測器10之偵測器側11的俯視圖。感測器10具有一絕緣材料20，其係構型為由聚醯亞胺材料構成的、扁平渾圓的柔性基板。該柔性基板的垂直於其最大伸展的厚度例如小於1.5mm，或者小於1mm，或者小於0.5mm。 3 is a top plan view of the detector side 11 of the sensor 10 in accordance with the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. The sensor 10 has an insulating material 20 configured in a flat, round flexible substrate composed of a polyimide material. The thickness of the flexible substrate perpendicular to its maximum extent is, for example, less than 1.5 mm, or less than 1 mm, or less than 0.5 mm.
絕緣材料20將一具有兩個子導電通路21a、21b的導電通路容納。子導電通路21a、21b係構型在絕緣材料20之內部中，並被該絕緣材料20全面覆蓋。 The insulating material 20 houses a conductive via having two sub-conducting vias 21a, 21b. The sub-conducting vias 21a, 21b are configured in the interior of the insulating material 20 and are entirely covered by the insulating material 20.
子導電通路21a、21b之厚度例如可小於1mm，或者小於0.5mm，或者小於0.25mm。在用於將感測器10緊固於銷件30之尖端31上的一側上，以及在圖3所示偵測器側11上，子導電通路21a、21b係被絕緣材料20之薄層覆蓋。該沿此方向將子導電通路21a、21b覆蓋的層的厚度例如小於0.5mm，或者小於0.3mm，或者小於0.1mm。子導電通路21a、21b不曝露出來。 The thickness of the sub-conductive paths 21a, 21b may be, for example, less than 1 mm, or less than 0.5 mm, or less than 0.25 mm. On the side for fastening the sensor 10 to the tip end 31 of the pin member 30, and on the detector side 11 shown in Fig. 3, the sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b are thin layers of the insulating material 20. cover. The thickness of the layer covering the sub-conductive paths 21a, 21b in this direction is, for example, less than 0.5 mm, or less than 0.3 mm, or less than 0.1 mm. The sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b are not exposed.
該等子導電通路21a、21b中的每個皆用作電極，其中子導電通路21a、21b係彼此絕緣。該等電極中的每個皆具有一位於絕緣材料20之周邊內的弧形區域。自此等弧形的區域中的每個出發，複數個平行的導電通路區域朝另一電極之相對的弧形區域延伸，而不到達此等相對的弧形區域。此等平行的導電通路區域僅與其延伸起始於的弧形區域導電連接。該等平行的導電通路區域以相對且彼此錯開的方式延伸並嚙入彼此，而不相互接觸。如此產生一數位間結構。 Each of the sub-conductive paths 21a, 21b serves as an electrode, wherein the sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b are insulated from each other. Each of the electrodes has an arcuate region located within the perimeter of the insulating material 20. Starting from each of the arcuate regions, a plurality of parallel conductive path regions extend toward opposite arcuate regions of the other electrode without reaching the opposing arcuate regions. These parallel conductive via regions are only electrically conductively connected to the arcuate regions from which they extend. The parallel conductive path regions extend and interlock with each other in opposite and mutually offset manners without contacting each other. This produces a structure between digits.
在圖1至3所示實施例中的感測器10中整合有一(未繪示的)評估電子設備。該評估電子設備係在該絕緣材料20上構型在與偵測器側11相對的一側上，並且與用作第一電極的導電通路21a以及與用作第二電極的第二導電通路21b電連接。 An evaluation device (not shown) is integrated in the sensor 10 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. The evaluation electronic device is configured on the insulating material 20 on a side opposite to the detector side 11 and with a conductive path 21a serving as a first electrode and a second conductive path 21b serving as a second electrode Electrical connection.
在若干典型的實施方式中，在銷件30中設有一(未繪示的)鑽孔，透過該鑽孔自該評估電子設備以有線的方式將一評估訊號自驅動構件100的區域引出。 In some exemplary embodiments, a (not shown) bore is provided in the pin member 30 through which an evaluation signal is drawn from the region of the drive member 100 in a wired manner from the evaluation electronics.
該評估電子設備是設計成針對源於該等子導電通路，即源於該第一電極及該第二電極的訊號實施一評估辦法。為此，對該等子導電通路間的電容進行量測，且通常將測得的電容與一比較值作比較。在若干實施方式中，該評估電子設備具有一電容-電壓轉換電路。藉由一可能整合在該電容-電壓轉換電路中或設於外部的參考電容，該電容-電壓轉換電路對該導電通路電容進行測定。 The evaluation electronics are designed to perform an evaluation method for signals originating from the sub-conducting paths, ie, from the first electrode and the second electrode. To this end, the capacitance between the sub-conducting paths is measured and the measured capacitance is typically compared to a comparison value. In several embodiments, the evaluation electronics have a capacitance-to-voltage conversion circuit. The capacitance-voltage conversion circuit measures the capacitance of the conductive path by a reference capacitor that may be integrated in the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit or externally.
參考電容之典型值為5pF至1nF。該等子導電通路間的電容例如可為數微微法，例如0.5pF，以及為數毫微法，例如5nF。例如透過數伏特(例如3至12V)的直流電壓對該電容-電壓轉換電路進行操作，且該電容-電壓轉換電路例如輸出1至5V的模擬電壓作為被測變量。藉由此等被測變量便能推算出由該電容-電壓轉換電路測得的該等子導電通路間的電容。該電容-電壓轉換電路可為模擬電路，或者亦可為輸出一數位訊號的數位電路，藉由該數位訊號能夠推算出由該電容-電壓轉換電路測得的該等子導電通路間的電容。 Typical values for the reference capacitor are 5pF to 1nF. The capacitance between the sub-conductive paths can be, for example, a number of picofarads, such as 0.5 pF, and a few nanofarads, such as 5 nF. The capacitance-voltage conversion circuit is operated, for example, by a DC voltage of a few volts (for example, 3 to 12 V), and the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit outputs, for example, an analog voltage of 1 to 5 V as a measured variable. By means of such measured variables, the capacitance between the sub-conductive paths measured by the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit can be derived. The capacitance-voltage conversion circuit can be an analog circuit, or can be a digital circuit that outputs a digital signal, and the digital signal can calculate the capacitance between the sub-conductive paths measured by the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit.
在對該電容進行量測，即對該電容-電壓轉換電路之電容量測值進行測定後，該評估電子設備接著將該測得的電容與一預設的比較值作比較。在若干典型的實施方式中，該比較值與一值域對應，在此值域內可以該感測器之一未潤濕的偵測器側為出發點。在超出上值域界限或低於下值域界限的情況下，該評估電子設備針對該比較輸出一評估訊號。該評估電子設備亦可設計成在每次比較時輸出一評估訊號，該評估訊號透過適宜的編碼在正常情況下(即在未超出該上值域界限或低於該下值域界限的情況下)指示一正常狀態。在超出該上值域界限或低於該下值域界限的情況下，該評估訊號之編碼指示一錯誤狀態。 After the capacitance is measured, that is, the capacitance measurement of the capacitance-voltage conversion circuit is measured, the evaluation electronics then compares the measured capacitance with a predetermined comparison value. In some typical embodiments, the comparison value corresponds to a range of values within which the detector side that is not wetted by one of the sensors is the starting point. The evaluation electronics output an evaluation signal for the comparison if the upper or lower range limits are exceeded. The evaluation electronics can also be designed to output an evaluation signal at each comparison, which is normally encoded (ie, without exceeding the upper range limit or below the lower range limit) ) indicates a normal state. The code of the evaluation signal indicates an error state if the upper value range limit is exceeded or is below the lower value field limit.
通常以定義的時間間隔，例如以每5秒或每10秒的時間間隔來量測該電容。亦可連續地實施該量測，或者根據具體情況對該等時間間隔進行動態調整。亦可選擇不 均勻的時間間隔。 The capacitance is typically measured at defined time intervals, such as every 5 seconds or every 10 seconds. The measurement can also be carried out continuously or dynamically adjusted for the time intervals as the case may be. You can also choose not to Even time interval.
在本實施方式中，同樣以定義的時間間隔將測得的導電通路電容與該比較值作比較，從而針對每次量測在該評估電路中實施一對應的比較。 In the present embodiment, the measured conductive path capacitance is also compared to the comparison value at defined time intervals to perform a corresponding comparison in the evaluation circuit for each measurement.
在該等典型實施方式中，該等子導電通路間的電容取決於導電通路面積及總介電質，該總介電質就該等子導電通路間之電場對該電容產生影響。一方面，該絕緣材料具有一定比例之總介電質，亦即，該等子導電通路間的電容一方面取決於該絕緣材料之相對介電係數。 In these exemplary embodiments, the capacitance between the sub-conductive paths depends on the area of the conductive path and the total dielectric, and the total dielectric affects the capacitance of the electric field between the sub-conducting paths. In one aspect, the insulating material has a proportion of total dielectric, that is, the capacitance between the sub-conductive paths depends, on the one hand, on the relative dielectric constant of the insulating material.
感測器10之子導電通路21a、21b在偵測器側11上僅被絕緣材料20之一相對較薄的層覆蓋，故在偵測側11上位於絕緣材料20之另一側的介質亦對該電容有影響。在子導電通路21a、21b中存在電荷的情況下，該等電場力線至少亦部分地穿過該位於絕緣材料20之另一側的半空間。其中，在此半空間中的介質足夠靠近子導電通路21a、21b的情況下，該介質對子導電通路21a、21b間的電容產生一可量測的影響。 The sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b of the sensor 10 are only covered by a relatively thin layer of the insulating material 20 on the detector side 11, so that the medium on the other side of the insulating material 20 on the detecting side 11 is also This capacitor has an effect. In the case where electric charges are present in the sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b, the electric field lines extend at least partially through the half space on the other side of the insulating material 20. Wherein, in the case where the medium in the half space is sufficiently close to the sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b, the medium exerts a measurable influence on the capacitance between the sub-conducting paths 21a, 21b.
在圖1至3所示實施方式中，以尖端31在前的方式將銷件30送入開口130。因此，在感測器10之裝入狀態下，感測器10之偵測器側11為驅動構件100(即接裝板101)之內腔的界定件110的部件。 In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, the pin member 30 is fed into the opening 130 in such a manner that the tip 31 is forward. Therefore, in the loaded state of the sensor 10, the detector side 11 of the sensor 10 is a component of the defining member 110 of the inner cavity of the driving member 100 (i.e., the adapter plate 101).
在本實施方式中，在裝入狀態下，接裝板101抵接至傳動裝置區域151。在密封失效的情況下，潤滑劑作為漏液非期望地自傳動裝置區域151之傳動裝置內腔流 出。此等漏液隨後進入接裝板101之鄰接的內腔。在典型工作狀態下，該穿過接裝板101的軸體165發生旋轉。因此，該流出的潤滑劑會分佈在該內腔中，確切言之，該潤滑劑會分佈在該內腔之內周面上，該內周面構成該內腔之界定件110。 In the present embodiment, the attachment plate 101 abuts against the transmission region 151 in the loaded state. In the event of a seal failure, the lubricant acts undesirably as a leak from the interior of the transmission chamber of the transmission region 151 Out. These leaks then enter the adjacent lumen of the adapter plate 101. In a typical operating state, the shaft body 165 that passes through the adapter plate 101 rotates. Therefore, the outflowing lubricant is distributed in the inner cavity. Specifically, the lubricant is distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner cavity, and the inner circumferential surface constitutes the defining member 110 of the inner cavity.
在裝入狀態下，該感測器之偵測器側11為此內腔之界定件110的部件，亦即，在本實施方式中，該偵測器側為該內周面的部件。在此情形下，該進入接裝板101之內腔的潤滑劑能夠至少部分地將該感測器之偵測器側11潤濕。在該驅動構件之內腔本身中對該進入的潤滑劑進行偵測。在潤滑劑之量較小的情況下，潤濕便已會導致感測器10之子導電通路21a、21b間的一可量測的電容變化。舉例而言，0.1ml或更小的油量便已會造成一可量測的電容變化。 In the loaded state, the detector side 11 of the sensor is a component of the defining member 110 of the inner cavity, that is, in the present embodiment, the detector side is a component of the inner peripheral surface. In this case, the lubricant entering the interior of the adapter plate 101 is capable of at least partially wetting the detector side 11 of the sensor. The incoming lubricant is detected in the interior of the drive member itself. In the case where the amount of lubricant is small, wetting has caused a measurable change in capacitance between the child conductive paths 21a, 21b of the sensor 10. For example, a quantity of oil of 0.1 ml or less already causes a measurable change in capacitance.
圖4為根據本發明之一典型實施方式的，具有一感測器的驅動裝置的分解透視圖。在圖1至3所示實施方式以及圖4所示實施方式中，相同或等效的部件係用相同的元件符號表示，且在此不對此等部件作重複說明。 4 is an exploded perspective view of a driving device having a sensor in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the same or equivalent components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.
根據圖4所示實施方式，感測器10並非設於一被送入接裝板101中之開口的銷件上。確切言之，感測器10係設置在一環件40的一側上，即內側41上，其中在裝入狀態下，該環件構成驅動構件100(在此為接裝板101)之內腔的界定件110的至少一部件。在圖4所示實施方式中，感測器10係構型在環件40之內側41的一部分上。在其他實施方 式中，亦可如此構型感測器10，使得該感測器將環件40之內側41的大部分覆蓋，或者在換件40之內側41的整個周邊上環繞。 According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the sensor 10 is not disposed on a pin member that is fed into the opening in the adapter plate 101. Specifically, the sensor 10 is disposed on one side of the ring member 40, that is, the inner side 41, wherein in the loaded state, the ring member constitutes the inner cavity of the driving member 100 (here, the adapter plate 101). At least one component of the defining member 110. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the sensor 10 is configured on a portion of the inner side 41 of the ring member 40. In other implementations In this manner, the sensor 10 can also be configured such that the sensor covers a substantial portion of the inner side 41 of the ring member 40 or surrounds the entire periphery of the inner side 41 of the replacement member 40.
在圖4所示實施例中，感測器10之偵測器側11與環件40之內側41對應，在裝入狀態下，該內側直接抵接至傳動裝置150。在潤滑劑非期望地自該傳動裝置內腔流入接裝板101之內腔110的情況下，至少亦將該環件表面的一部分，即感測器10之偵測器側11的一部分潤濕。根據由此產生的電容變化，能夠對進入驅動構件110之內腔110的液體進行可靠且靈敏的偵測。為此，亦參閱本申請案中對其他典型實施方式之電容量測所作的描述。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the detector side 11 of the sensor 10 corresponds to the inner side 41 of the ring member 40, which in the loaded state abuts directly to the transmission 150. In the event that the lubricant undesirably flows from the interior of the transmission into the interior 110 of the adapter plate 101, at least a portion of the surface of the ring, i.e., a portion of the detector side 11 of the sensor 10, is also wetted. . The liquid entering the inner cavity 110 of the drive member 110 can be reliably and sensitively detected based on the resulting change in capacitance. For this reason, reference is also made to the description of the capacitance measurement of other exemplary embodiments in the present application.
10‧‧‧感測器 10‧‧‧ Sensors
30‧‧‧銷件 30‧‧‧ Pins
31‧‧‧尖端 31‧‧‧ tip
100‧‧‧驅動構件 100‧‧‧ drive components
101‧‧‧接裝板 101‧‧‧Terminal board
110‧‧‧界定件 110‧‧‧Defined parts
130‧‧‧開口 130‧‧‧ openings
150‧‧‧傳動裝置 150‧‧‧Transmission
151‧‧‧傳動裝置區域 151‧‧‧Transmission area
155‧‧‧傳動裝置從動軸 155‧‧‧Transmission driven shaft
160‧‧‧電動馬達 160‧‧‧Electric motor
165‧‧‧軸體 165‧‧‧Axis
Claims (15)
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| DE102015105609.7A DE102015105609A1 (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Sensor, drive component with sensor, drive with drive component and evaluation method |
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| JP (1) | JP6841600B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102015105609A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | ITUA20162336A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW201643398A (en) |
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| TWI751210B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2022-01-01 | 日商華爾卡股份有限公司 | Liquid leak detection unit |
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| DE102016123132A1 (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-05-30 | Ews Weigele Gmbh & Co. Kg | Powered tool |
| DE102017214717B3 (en) | 2017-08-23 | 2018-12-20 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | driving member |
| DE102019103781A1 (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-08-20 | Wittenstein Se | Adapter plate |
| DE102020109057A1 (en) | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-07 | Wittenstein Se | Adapter plate and gear with adapter plate |
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| GB2199436A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1988-07-06 | B & R Electrical Prod Ltd | Detection of fluid leakage |
| JPH06241180A (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1994-08-30 | Tokico Ltd | Scroll type fluid machinery |
| JP2004526918A (en) * | 2001-04-23 | 2004-09-02 | ヴィッテンシュタイン アーゲー | Transmissions, especially planetary gear transmissions |
| JP2003230485A (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-19 | Tiger Vacuum Bottle Co Ltd | Liquid container |
| GB0300664D0 (en) * | 2003-01-11 | 2003-02-12 | Rolls Royce Plc | Sensing film material |
| DE10315630A1 (en) * | 2003-04-04 | 2004-10-28 | Wittenstein Ag | transmission |
| DE10336679B4 (en) * | 2003-08-09 | 2012-06-28 | Rittal Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for detecting leaks in fluid-carrying components |
| JP2005201670A (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2005-07-28 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | Alcohol concentration sensor and alcohol concentration measuring instrument |
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| DE102005045065B4 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2012-02-16 | Universität Leipzig | Detector device for functional testing of sealing systems |
| JP2007247690A (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2007-09-27 | Ntn Corp | Bearing device for wheel with sensor |
| JP5822935B2 (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2015-11-25 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | Method and device for oil sample acquisition and quality monitoring |
| DE102012014486B4 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2021-12-09 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg | Sensor arrangement for the detection of a liquid and system components with a sensor arrangement |
| DE102013204436A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-18 | Krones Ag | Drive for a transport device, set of drives and method for driving a transport device |
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| TWI751210B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2022-01-01 | 日商華爾卡股份有限公司 | Liquid leak detection unit |
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