TW201641944A - Loss-phase lack-voltage detection circuit for three-phase input power - Google Patents

Abstract

A loss-phase lack-voltage detection circuit for three-phase input power includes a half-wave rectifier circuit, a bleeder circuit, an optical coupler circuit and a digital signal processor sequentially connected with each other. The half-wave rectifier circuit serves to rectify the input power. The bleeder circuit has multiple bleeder resistors for stepping down the voltage. The optical coupler circuit serves to generate judgment signal in form of pulse wave. The digital signal processor serves to calculate the duration for which the pulse wave stays at the peak value to judge the loss-phase state of the input power.

Description

三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路 Under-phase undervoltage detection circuit for three-phase input power

本發明與電路結構有關，尤指一種三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路。 The invention relates to a circuit structure, in particular to an under-phase undervoltage detection circuit of a three-phase input power supply.

按，電子設備需要接收外部供應之電源方能啟動，然而外部供電常有不穩定的情形，例如電壓不穩或是三相電源欠相的問題，將會影響電子設備，甚至造成損壞，因此有一些檢測電路之先前技術出現。 Press, the electronic device needs to receive the externally supplied power source to start, but the external power supply often has unstable conditions, such as voltage instability or three-phase power supply phase failure, which will affect the electronic equipment and even cause damage, so there is Some prior art techniques for detecting circuits have emerged.

第一種先前技術如中國專利CN100403616所揭露者，其將輸入電源濾波後之電壓及頻率進行取樣，並以所取之值比較於判斷值，藉以判斷是否欠相。第二種先前技術如中國專利CN102419400所揭露者，其偵測方式為將輸入電源濾波後之電壓後，連續取樣七次，並比較各次取樣之間的壓差，用以確認是否欠相。惟上述兩種方式之取樣步驟過於複雜。 The first prior art, as disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN100403616, samples the voltage and frequency after the input power source is filtered, and compares the value with the judgment value to determine whether the phase is owed. The second prior art, as disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN102419400, is detected by continuously filtering the voltage after the input power source is filtered seven times, and comparing the voltage difference between the samples to confirm whether the phase is owed. However, the sampling steps of the above two methods are too complicated.

第三、四種先前技術如中國專利CN202710671及CN203490298所揭露者，其以三組光耦合電路進行輸入電源欠相之判斷，而有成本較高之疑慮。而第五、六種先前技術如中國專利CN202111457及CN203491679所揭露者，其需要使用六個整流二極體及一個高壓電解電容，除了成本較高之外，電解電容之壽命亦為考量成本之重要因素。 The third and fourth prior art, as disclosed in Chinese Patent Nos. CN202710671 and CN203490298, use three sets of optical coupling circuits to judge the input power supply phase, and have high cost doubts. The fifth and sixth prior art, as disclosed in Chinese patents CN202111457 and CN203491679, require the use of six rectifying diodes and a high voltage electrolytic capacitor. In addition to the higher cost, the life of the electrolytic capacitor is also important to consider the cost. factor.

又如中國專利CN201707398及CN101799520所揭露之欠相 檢測方式，其僅能判斷輸入電源是否欠相，不具備偵測欠壓之功能。 Another example is the lack of phase disclosed in Chinese patents CN201707398 and CN101799520. The detection method can only judge whether the input power is out of phase or not, and does not have the function of detecting undervoltage.

再者，中國專利CN203589705揭露一種模組化之欠相偵測電路，藉由降壓整流電路、欠相識別電路、欠壓保護電路及繼電器驅動電路控制繼電器，以達到保護作用。惟此方式須利用繼電器保護系統，而有體積較大之缺點。 Furthermore, Chinese patent CN203589705 discloses a modular under-phase detection circuit that controls the relay by a step-down rectifier circuit, an under-phase identification circuit, an under-voltage protection circuit, and a relay drive circuit to achieve protection. However, this method requires the use of a relay protection system and has the disadvantage of being bulky.

本發明之主要目的在於提供一種三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路，其將三相電源利用整流二極體整流及利用分壓電阻降壓後，再經由光耦合電路之作用送出訊號供數位訊號處理器判斷欠相及欠壓，避免電子設備因供電不穩而受損。 The main object of the present invention is to provide an under-phase and under-voltage detecting circuit for a three-phase input power supply, which uses a rectifying diode to rectify a three-phase power supply and uses a voltage dividing resistor to step down, and then sends a signal through the action of the optical coupling circuit. The digital signal processor judges the under-phase and under-voltage to prevent the electronic device from being damaged due to unstable power supply.

為達前述目的，本發明提供一種三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路，其包括有：一半波整流電路，其具有三個整流二極體；一分壓電路，其連接於半波整流電路之後，用以判斷輸入電源之電壓；一光耦合電路，其具有兩個光耦合偵測單元；該光耦合電路連接於該分壓電路之後，用以形成脈波形式之判斷訊號；一數位訊號處理器，其連接於該光耦合電路之後，用以接收該判斷訊號，透過計算脈波處於峰值的持續時程以判斷輸入電源之欠相。 To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention provides an under-phase and under-voltage detecting circuit for a three-phase input power supply, comprising: a half-wave rectifying circuit having three rectifying diodes; and a voltage dividing circuit connected to the half-wave After the rectifier circuit is used to determine the voltage of the input power source; an optical coupling circuit having two optical coupling detecting units; the optical coupling circuit is connected to the voltage dividing circuit for forming a pulse signal determination signal; A digital signal processor is coupled to the optical coupling circuit for receiving the determination signal, and determining the phase of the input power source by calculating a duration of the peak of the pulse wave.

而本發明之上述目的與優點，不難從下述所選用實施例之詳細說明與附圖中獲得深入了解。 The above objects and advantages of the present invention will be readily understood from the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention.

(1)‧‧‧半波整流電路 (1)‧‧‧Half-wave rectifier circuit

(2)(2’)‧‧‧分壓電路 (2) (2') ‧ ‧ voltage divider circuit

(3)‧‧‧光耦合電路 (3) ‧‧‧Optical coupling circuit

(4)‧‧‧數位訊號處理器 (4)‧‧‧Digital Signal Processor

(D1)(D2)(D3)‧‧‧整流二極體 (D1)(D2)(D3)‧‧‧Rected diode

(L1)(L2)(L3)‧‧‧三相電流 (L1)(L2)(L3)‧‧‧Three-phase current

(R1)(R2)(R3)‧‧‧分壓電阻 (R1) (R2) (R3) ‧ ‧ voltage divider resistor

(U1)(U2)‧‧‧光耦合偵測單元 (U1)(U2)‧‧‧Optical coupling detection unit

第一圖為本發明之電路架構示意圖。 The first figure is a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of the present invention.

第二圖為本發明之欠相檢測流程示意圖。 The second figure is a schematic diagram of the under-phase detection process of the present invention.

第三圖為本創作第二實施例之電路架構示意圖。 The third figure is a schematic diagram of the circuit architecture of the second embodiment of the present invention.

第四圖為本創作第二實施例之欠相檢測流程示意圖。 The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the under-phase detection process of the second embodiment of the present invention.

請參閱第一圖，所示者為本創作所提供之三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路的第一實施例，其包括有一半波整流電路(1)、一分壓電路(2)、一光耦合電路(3)及一數位訊號處理器(4)。 Please refer to the first figure, which is a first embodiment of the under-phase under-voltage detecting circuit of the three-phase input power supply provided by the creation, which comprises a half-wave rectifying circuit (1) and a voltage dividing circuit (2). ), an optical coupling circuit (3) and a digital signal processor (4).

其中該半波整流電路(1)具有三個整流二極體(D1，D2，D3)，俾供於一三相電流(L1，L2，L3)輸入之後將其整流為半波形式之波形輸出。該分壓電路(2)連接於該半波整流電路(1)之後，其以三個分壓電阻(R1，R2，R3)組成，整流後之輸入電源在此降壓，並在此判斷其電壓值。 The half-wave rectifying circuit (1) has three rectifying diodes (D1, D2, D3), which are rectified into a half-wave form waveform output after being input to a three-phase current (L1, L2, L3). . The voltage dividing circuit (2) is connected to the half-wave rectifying circuit (1), and is composed of three voltage dividing resistors (R1, R2, R3), and the rectified input power source is stepped down here, and is judged here. Its voltage value.

而該光耦合電路(3)連接於該分壓電路(2)之後，其具有兩個光耦合偵測單元(U1，U2)，用以形成脈波形式之判斷訊號。該數位訊號處理器(4)則連接於該光耦合電路(3)之後，用以接收該判斷訊號，並透過計算脈波峰值的時程以判斷輸入電源之欠相情形。 The optical coupling circuit (3) is connected to the voltage dividing circuit (2), and has two optical coupling detecting units (U1, U2) for forming a judgment signal in the form of a pulse wave. The digital signal processor (4) is connected to the optical coupling circuit (3) for receiving the determination signal, and calculating the time course of the peak value of the pulse wave to determine the phase condition of the input power source.

搭配參看第二圖所示之檢測流程，本實施例在將一三相電源整流後，利用分壓電路(2)判斷整流後之電壓值，若整流後的電壓介於158V~413V之間，則判斷為220VAC；若整流後的電壓介於413V~693V之間，則判斷為380VAC。 Referring to the detection flow shown in the second figure, in this embodiment, after rectifying a three-phase power supply, the voltage value after rectification is determined by the voltage dividing circuit (2), if the rectified voltage is between 158V and 413V. , it is judged as 220VAC; if the rectified voltage is between 413V and 693V, it is judged as 380VAC.

接著，確認輸入電源之電壓後，依據所判斷之電壓別，分別 進入該光耦合電路(3)之光耦合偵測單元(U1，U2)，以輸出脈波形式之判斷訊號。該判斷訊號輸入數位訊號處理器(4)後，該數位訊號處理器(4)計算脈波處於峰值的持續時程，並與內建之標準值比較，藉以檢測此輸入電源是否欠相。以220VAC/60Hz之輸入電源為例，若脈波處於峰值持續1.6毫秒，則判斷為無欠相；若脈波有兩種處於峰值之持續時程(1.6毫秒及7.2毫秒)，則判斷為欠一相；若脈波處於峰值持續12.7毫秒，則判斷為欠二相；若脈波持續處於峰值，則判斷為欠三相。 Then, after confirming the voltage of the input power supply, according to the determined voltage, respectively The optical coupling detecting unit (U1, U2) of the optical coupling circuit (3) is input to output a judgment signal in the form of a pulse wave. After the determination signal is input to the digital signal processor (4), the digital signal processor (4) calculates the duration of the pulse wave at the peak value and compares it with the built-in standard value to detect whether the input power source is out of phase. Taking the input power of 220VAC/60Hz as an example, if the pulse wave is at the peak for 1.6ms, it is judged as no phase; if the pulse wave has two durations in the peak (1.6ms and 7.2ms), it is judged as under one. If the pulse wave is at the peak for 12.7 milliseconds, it is judged to be owed to two phases; if the pulse wave continues to be at the peak, it is judged to be owed to three phases.

上述檢測之結果，若非為無欠相之情形，則系統會出現欠相之警告訊息，並限制操作電流直至改善。若輸入電源之欠相狀態持續時間至超過設定值，則馬達將會停止運轉，以免受損。 If the result of the above detection is not the case of no phase, the system will display a warning message of phase loss and limit the operating current until it is improved. If the input phase condition of the power supply continues to exceed the set value, the motor will stop running to avoid damage.

本創作更提供一如第三圖所示之第二實施例，其與上述第一實施例之差異在於該分壓電路(2’)之電路組成架構。於本實施例中，該分壓電路(2’)連接於半波整流電路(1)與光耦合電路(3)之間，其以電阻R1~R4連接組成，而在三相電流輸入且經整流之後，經由該分壓電路(2’)判斷電壓值，再依據所判定之電壓值以選擇驅動光耦合電路(3)中對應之光耦合偵測單元(U1，U2)，然後輸出脈波形式之判斷訊號至數位訊號處理器(4)，藉以判斷電流的欠相狀態。 The present invention further provides a second embodiment as shown in the third figure, which differs from the first embodiment described above in the circuit composition of the voltage dividing circuit (2'). In this embodiment, the voltage dividing circuit (2') is connected between the half-wave rectifying circuit (1) and the optical coupling circuit (3), and is connected by resistors R1 R R4, and is input in three-phase current. After rectification, the voltage value is judged by the voltage dividing circuit (2'), and then the corresponding optical coupling detecting unit (U1, U2) in the optical coupling circuit (3) is selectively driven according to the determined voltage value, and then output. The pulse wave form judgment signal is sent to the digital signal processor (4) to judge the current phase state of the current.

搭配參看第四圖所示之檢測流程，本實施例在將一三相電源整流後，利用分壓電路(2’)判斷整流後之電壓值，若整流後的電壓介於158V~413V之間，則判斷為220VAC；而若整流後的電壓介於413V~693V之間，則判斷為380VAC。接著透過數位訊號處理器(4)計算脈波處於峰值的持續時程，並與內建之標準值比較，即可檢測此輸入電源是否欠相。 Referring to the detection flow shown in the fourth figure, in this embodiment, after rectifying a three-phase power supply, the voltage value after rectification is judged by the voltage dividing circuit (2'), if the rectified voltage is between 158V and 413V. If it is between 413V and 693V, it is judged as 380VAC. Then, the digital signal processor (4) calculates the duration of the pulse wave at the peak value, and compares it with the built-in standard value to detect whether the input power source is out of phase.

藉由上述說明，本創作以簡單的被動元件及光耦合電路即可完成輸入電源欠相及欠壓之檢測功能，而具有構件數量較少且成本較低之優點。 With the above description, the present invention can complete the detection function of the input power supply under-phase and under-voltage with a simple passive component and an optical coupling circuit, and has the advantages of a small number of components and a low cost.

惟，以上實施例之揭示乃用以說明本創作，並非用以限制本創作，故舉凡等效元件之置換仍應隸屬本創作之範疇。 However, the disclosure of the above embodiments is intended to illustrate the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, so the replacement of equivalent elements should still be within the scope of this creation.

綜上所述，可使熟知本項技藝者明瞭本創作確可達成前述目的，實已符合專利法之規定，爰依法提出申請。 In summary, it can be made clear to the skilled person that the creation can achieve the aforementioned objectives, and it has already met the requirements of the Patent Law and submitted an application according to law.

(1)‧‧‧半波整流電路 (1)‧‧‧Half-wave rectifier circuit

(2)‧‧‧分壓電路 (2) ‧‧‧voltage circuit

(3)‧‧‧光耦合電路 (3) ‧‧‧Optical coupling circuit

(4)‧‧‧數位訊號處理器 (4)‧‧‧Digital Signal Processor

(D1)(D2)(D3)‧‧‧整流二極體 (D1)(D2)(D3)‧‧‧Rected diode

(L1)(L2)(L3)‧‧‧三相電流 (L1)(L2)(L3)‧‧‧Three-phase current

(R1)(R2)(R3)‧‧‧分壓電阻 (R1) (R2) (R3) ‧ ‧ voltage divider resistor

(U1)(U2)‧‧‧光耦合偵測單元 (U1)(U2)‧‧‧Optical coupling detection unit

Claims (2)

一種三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路，其包括有：一半波整流電路，其具有三個整流二極體；一分壓電路，其連接於半波整流電路之後，用以判斷輸入電源之電壓；一光耦合電路，其具有兩個光耦合偵測單元；該光耦合電路連接於該分壓電路之後，用以形成脈波形式之判斷訊號；一數位訊號處理器，其連接於該光耦合電路之後，用以接收該判斷訊號，透過計算脈波處於峰值的持續時程以判斷輸入電源之欠相。 An under-phase under-voltage detecting circuit for a three-phase input power supply, comprising: a half-wave rectifying circuit having three rectifying diodes; and a voltage dividing circuit connected to the half-wave rectifying circuit for judging the input The voltage of the power supply; an optical coupling circuit having two optical coupling detecting units; the optical coupling circuit being connected to the voltage dividing circuit for forming a pulse signal in the form of a pulse wave; and a digital signal processor connected After the optical coupling circuit is configured to receive the determination signal, and determine the owing phase of the input power source by calculating a duration of the pulse wave at a peak. 依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之三相輸入電源之欠相欠壓檢測電路，其中，其係得透過該分壓電路及該光耦合偵測單元判斷二組輸入電源，若其電壓介於158V~413V之間，則該分壓電路將其判斷為220VAC；若其電壓介於413V~693V之間，則該分壓電路將其判斷為380VAC。 According to the under-phase and under-voltage detecting circuit of the three-phase input power supply according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the voltage-dividing circuit and the optical coupling detecting unit determine the two sets of input power sources, if the voltage is Between 158V and 413V, the voltage dividing circuit judges it to be 220VAC; if the voltage is between 413V and 693V, the voltage dividing circuit judges it as 380VAC.