TW201619685A - Gain fiber for suppressing stimulated brillouin scattering - Google Patents
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本發明是有關於一種增益光纖，且特別是有關於一種抑制受激布里淵散射的增益光纖。 This invention relates to a gain fiber, and more particularly to a gain fiber that suppresses stimulated Brillouin scattering.
光纖雷射在工業上的應用已經非常廣泛，例如雷射燒結、雷射切割以及雷射焊接等。隨著雷射能量的增加及峰值功率的提升，光纖所伴隨的非線性光學現象也越嚴重。在非線性光學現象中，與雷射方向相反的受激布里淵散射(Stimulated Brillouin Scattering，SBS)將直接影響雷射系統的耐用性及穩定性，並可能進一步造成例如種子源雷射(seed laser)、光纖雷射放大器、光隔離器、光結合器(laser combiner)、光耦合器(laser coupler)、泵浦雷射(laser pump)以及分波多工器(wave division multiplexer)等光學元件損毀。因此，如何抑制SBS將是開發高功率光纖雷射的首要問題。 Fiber lasers have been widely used in industry, such as laser sintering, laser cutting, and laser welding. As the laser energy increases and the peak power increases, the nonlinear optical phenomena associated with the fiber become more severe. In nonlinear optical phenomena, Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), which is opposite to the direction of the laser, will directly affect the durability and stability of the laser system and may further cause, for example, seed source lasers (seed). Laser), fiber laser amplifier, optical isolator, laser combiner, laser coupler, laser pump, and wave division multiplexer . Therefore, how to suppress SBS will be the primary problem in developing high-power fiber lasers.
目前主要抑制SBS現象的方式大致有以下幾種：(1)使用特殊摻雜元素作為光纖中的增益介質(2)使用多孔洞的光纖結 構作為增益光纖(3)使用溫度調節的方式對增益光纖進行溫控(4)使用大孔徑增益光纖來抑制SBS現象。 At present, there are several main ways to suppress the SBS phenomenon: (1) using a special doping element as a gain medium in the optical fiber (2) using a fiber-optic junction of a porous hole. As the gain fiber (3), the gain fiber is temperature-controlled by means of temperature adjustment. (4) A large-aperture gain fiber is used to suppress the SBS phenomenon.
在第一種方式中，主要是透過在增益光纖中摻例如鍺的特殊元素來改變光子與熱聲子的折射率。具體而言，由於SBS的成因來自於增益光纖中光子及熱聲子的交互作用，因此，當光子與熱聲子在光纖中的傳播折射率不同時，其交互作用將對應地降低，進而達到抑制SBS現象的效果。然而，由於在增益光纖中摻雜特殊元素的製程成本較高，因而不適於商業化。 In the first mode, the refractive index of photons and thermal phonons is mainly changed by doping a special element such as germanium in the gain fiber. Specifically, since the cause of SBS comes from the interaction of photons and thermophonons in the gain fiber, when the refractive index of photons and thermal phonons in the fiber is different, the interaction will be correspondingly reduced, thereby achieving The effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon. However, since the process of doping a special element in the gain fiber is relatively expensive, it is not suitable for commercialization.
在第二種方式中，其概念是透過將增益光纖設計成多孔洞結構，以改變光子與熱聲子在光纖中傳遞的折射率，進而達到抑制SBS現象的效果。然而，由於將製作具有多孔洞結構的增益光纖的製程成本較高，因而同樣不適於商業化。 In the second mode, the concept is to reduce the refractive index of photons and thermal phonons in the fiber by designing the gain fiber into a porous hole structure, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon. However, since the process for fabricating a gain fiber having a porous hole structure is expensive, it is also not suitable for commercialization.
在第三種方式中，其概念在於針對不同區段的增益光纖來設計對應的控制溫度，以減少熱聲子的產生。因此，光子與熱聲子之間的交互作用即可對應地降低，進而達到抑制SBS的效果。然而，由於此方法需針對增益光纖的區段設計對應的溫度控制模組，不僅控制上的難度較高，實作上的成本也較高。 In the third way, the concept is to design a corresponding control temperature for the different sections of the gain fiber to reduce the generation of thermal phonons. Therefore, the interaction between photons and thermophonons can be correspondingly reduced, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing SBS. However, since this method needs to design a corresponding temperature control module for the section of the gain fiber, not only the control is difficult, but also the cost of the implementation is high.
在第四種方式中，由於產生SBS現象的臨界功率正比於光纖截面積(且反比於光纖的長度)，因此使用大孔徑增益光纖來傳遞雷射能夠提高所述臨界功率，進而達到抑制SBS的效果。然而，大孔徑增益光纖將造成光纖模態數增加，進而降低雷射光束的品質。 In the fourth mode, since the critical power of the SBS phenomenon is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the fiber (and inversely proportional to the length of the fiber), the use of the large-aperture gain fiber to transmit the laser can increase the critical power, thereby suppressing the SBS. effect. However, a large aperture gain fiber will result in an increase in the number of fiber modes, which in turn reduces the quality of the laser beam.
有鑑於此，本揭露提出一種抑制受激布里淵散射的增益光纖，其能夠在低製作成本的前提之下，以較小的孔徑達到大孔徑增益光纖所能達到的抑制SBS的效果。 In view of this, the present disclosure proposes a gain fiber that suppresses stimulated Brillouin scattering, which can achieve the SBS suppression effect achieved by a large aperture gain fiber with a small aperture under the premise of low fabrication cost.
本揭露提供一種抑制受激布里淵散射的增益光纖，包括第一光纖段以及第二光纖段。第一光纖段具有對應於第一粒子濃度的第一光纖核。第二光纖段耦接第一光纖段，並具有對應於第二粒子濃度的第二光纖核。第二粒子濃度高於第一粒子濃度。第一光纖段接收光，且第二光纖段接收來自於第一光纖段的光。 The present disclosure provides a gain fiber that suppresses stimulated Brillouin scattering, including a first fiber segment and a second fiber segment. The first fiber length has a first fiber core corresponding to the first particle concentration. The second fiber segment is coupled to the first fiber segment and has a second fiber core corresponding to the second particle concentration. The second particle concentration is higher than the first particle concentration. The first fiber segment receives light and the second fiber segment receives light from the first fiber segment.
基於上述，本揭露提出的具有對應於不同粒子濃度光纖段的增益光纖能夠有效地抑制SBS現象。並且，由於本揭露提出的增益光纖僅需透過例如光纖熔接機的既有裝置將兩個光纖段進行熔接即可製成，因此製作上的成本較低。 Based on the above, the gain fiber having the fiber segments corresponding to different particle concentrations proposed by the present disclosure can effectively suppress the SBS phenomenon. Moreover, since the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure can be fabricated by welding two fiber segments through an existing device such as a fiber fusion splicer, the manufacturing cost is low.
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。 The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.
100‧‧‧增益光纖 100‧‧‧Gain Fiber
110‧‧‧第一光纖段 110‧‧‧First fiber segment
112‧‧‧第一光纖核 112‧‧‧First fiber core
120‧‧‧第二光纖段 120‧‧‧second fiber segment
122‧‧‧第二光纖核 122‧‧‧second fiber core
130‧‧‧順向雷射 130‧‧‧ Forward laser
140‧‧‧SBS 140‧‧‧SBS
200‧‧‧光纖雷射放大器架構 200‧‧‧ Fiber Laser Amplifier Architecture
210‧‧‧種子源雷射 210‧‧‧Seed source laser
220‧‧‧光纖雷射放大器 220‧‧‧Fiber Laser Amplifier
230‧‧‧光耦合器 230‧‧‧Optocoupler
240‧‧‧光結合器 240‧‧‧Light combiner
250‧‧‧泵浦雷射 250‧‧‧ pump laser
A1~A3、B1~B3、C1~C3‧‧‧曲線 A1~A3, B1~B3, C1~C3‧‧‧ curves
C1_1、C1_2、C2_1、C2_2‧‧‧旁波 C1_1, C1_2, C2_1, C2_2‧‧‧ side waves
L1~L3‧‧‧光纖 L1~L3‧‧‧ fiber
LS‧‧‧光 LS‧‧‧Light
圖1是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的增益光纖示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gain fiber according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
圖2是依據本發明之一實施例繪示的光纖雷射放大器實驗架構。 2 is a schematic diagram of an experimental structure of a fiber laser amplifier according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖3A是依據本發明之一實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的順向 監測功率與雷射輸出功率的對應關係圖。 3A is a forward direction of three types of gain fibers according to an embodiment of the invention. Monitor the corresponding relationship between power and laser output power.
圖3B是依據圖3A實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的反向監測功率與雷射輸出功率的對應關係圖。 FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the relationship between the reverse monitoring power and the laser output power of the three types of gain fibers according to the embodiment of FIG. 3A.
圖4是依據圖3A及圖3B實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的光譜圖。 4 is a spectral diagram of three types of gain fibers illustrated in accordance with the embodiments of FIGS. 3A and 3B.
在習知技術中，製作增益光纖的方式主要是因應於欲放大的雷射光的波長而將適合的增益介質(或元素)摻雜至增益光纖的光纖核中來進行，否則此增益光纖將無法順利地將雷射光放大。雷射光波長與適於用來對其進行放大的增益介質如下表1所示。 In the prior art, the method of fabricating the gain fiber is mainly performed by doping the appropriate gain medium (or element) into the fiber core of the gain fiber in response to the wavelength of the laser light to be amplified, otherwise the gain fiber will not be able to Smoothly zoom in on the laser light. The wavelength of the laser light and the gain medium suitable for amplifying it are shown in Table 1 below.
此外，在將增益介質摻雜至增益光纖的光纖核中時，一般僅會基於單一粒子濃度來進行摻雜。換言之，在習知技術製成的增益光纖中，整個增益光纖中的增益介質濃度都會是相同的。 Furthermore, when the gain medium is doped into the fiber core of the gain fiber, doping is generally only performed based on a single particle concentration. In other words, in a gain fiber made by the prior art, the gain medium concentration in the entire gain fiber will be the same.
如先前所提及的，對於習知的增益光纖而言，其產生SBS現象的臨界功率除了正比於光纖截面積之外，同時反比於光纖的長度。由於本揭露提出的增益光纖是由具有兩種粒子濃度的光纖段組合而成，因此，相較於具有同樣截面積、增益介質以及粒子總數的習知增益光纖而言，本揭露的增益光纖能夠達到較短的長度，進而達到抑制SBS現象的效果。以下將提供詳細說明。 As previously mentioned, for a conventional gain fiber, the critical power that produces the SBS phenomenon is not only proportional to the cross-sectional area of the fiber, but also inversely proportional to the length of the fiber. Since the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure is composed of fiber segments having two particle concentrations, the gain fiber of the present disclosure can be compared to a conventional gain fiber having the same cross-sectional area, gain medium, and total number of particles. A shorter length is achieved, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon. A detailed description will be provided below.
圖1是依據本揭露之一實施例繪示的增益光纖示意圖。在本實施例中，增益光纖100包括第一光纖段110以及第二光纖段120。第一光纖段110具有對應於第一粒子濃度的第一光纖核112。第二光纖段120耦接第一光纖段110，並具有對應於第二粒子濃度的第二光纖核122。第一光纖段110以及第二光纖段120中所包括的增益介質相同，且第二粒子濃度高於第一粒子濃度。亦即，第一光纖段110中的粒子濃度低於第二光纖段120中的粒子濃度。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gain fiber according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In the present embodiment, the gain fiber 100 includes a first fiber segment 110 and a second fiber segment 120. The first fiber length 110 has a first fiber core 112 corresponding to a first particle concentration. The second fiber segment 120 is coupled to the first fiber segment 110 and has a second fiber core 122 corresponding to the second particle concentration. The gain medium included in the first fiber length 110 and the second fiber length 120 is the same, and the second particle concentration is higher than the first particle concentration. That is, the concentration of particles in the first fiber length 110 is lower than the concentration of particles in the second fiber length 120.
在一實施例中，本領域具通常知識者可設定光纖熔接機的特定熔接參數來控制光纖熔接機將第一光纖段110以及第二光纖段120熔接為增益光纖100。所述特定熔接參數包括光纖纖核尺寸、光纖纖殼尺寸、光纖模場直徑、熔接機放電清潔時間、熔接機放電清潔電流、熔接機放電棒距離、光纖對位模式、光纖對位距離、光纖熔接重疊距離、熔接機預熔時間、熔接機預熔功率、熔接機放電時間、熔接機放電功率及熔接機光纖對位型式等，但本揭露的可實施方式不限於此。 In one embodiment, one of ordinary skill in the art can set specific fusion parameters of the fiber fusion splicer to control the fiber fusion splicer to fuse the first fiber segment 110 and the second fiber segment 120 to the gain fiber 100. The specific welding parameters include fiber core size, fiber shell size, fiber mode field diameter, fusion machine discharge cleaning time, fusion machine discharge cleaning current, fusion machine discharge rod distance, fiber alignment mode, fiber alignment distance, fiber The welding overlap distance, the fusion machine pre-melting time, the fusion machine pre-melting power, the fusion machine discharge time, the fusion machine discharge power, and the fusion machine fiber alignment type, etc., but the embodiment of the disclosure is not limited thereto.
第一光纖段110接收光LS，且第二光纖段120接收來自於第一光纖段110的光LS。亦即，當光LS經過增益光纖100時，光LS將先通過具有較低粒子濃度的第一光纖段110，再進入具有較高粒子濃度的第二光纖段120。光LS例如是來自於種子雷射源的雷射光，但本揭露的可實施方式不限於此。 The first fiber segment 110 receives light LS and the second fiber segment 120 receives light LS from the first fiber segment 110. That is, as the light LS passes through the gain fiber 100, the light LS will first pass through the first fiber segment 110 having a lower particle concentration and then into the second fiber segment 120 having a higher particle concentration. The light LS is, for example, laser light from a seed laser source, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.
在本實施例中，當增益光纖100在接收光LS的情況下發生SBS現象時，增益光纖100中除了存在與光LS的傳遞方向相同的順向雷射130之外，將同時存在與光LS的傳遞方向相反的SBS 140。 In the present embodiment, when the gain fiber 100 generates the SBS phenomenon in the case of receiving the light LS, the gain fiber 100 will have both the light and the light LS in addition to the forward laser 130 having the same direction of transmission as the light LS. The direction of transmission is opposite to SBS 140.
如先前所提及的，相較於具有同樣截面積、增益介質以及粒子總數的習知增益光纖而言，本揭露的增益光纖100能夠達到較短的長度，進而達到抑制SBS現象的效果。也就是說，本揭露的增益光纖100能夠有效地降低對應於SBS 140的反向雷射功率，因而提升對應於順向雷射130的順向功率。 As previously mentioned, the gain fiber 100 of the present disclosure can achieve a shorter length than the conventional gain fiber having the same cross-sectional area, gain medium, and total number of particles, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon. That is, the gain fiber 100 of the present disclosure is capable of effectively reducing the reverse laser power corresponding to the SBS 140, thereby increasing the forward power corresponding to the forward laser 130.
具體而言，假設習知增益光纖的長度及粒子濃度分別為L(L為正數)及，並且假設第一光纖段110的長度、第一粒子濃度、第二光纖段120的長度以及第二粒子濃度分別為l 1、、l 2及。在這些假設下，為了滿足習知增益光纖與增益光纖100具有相同粒子總數的條件，可推得的關係式。如此一來，使用者即可在給定L、l 1、及的情況下計算出l 2(亦即，具有較高濃度的第二光纖段120的長度)。 Specifically, it is assumed that the length and particle concentration of the conventional gain fiber are L ( L is a positive number) and And assuming that the length of the first fiber length 110, the first particle concentration, the length of the second fiber length 120, and the second particle concentration are respectively l 1 , , l 2 and . Under these assumptions, in order to satisfy the condition that the conventional gain fiber and the gain fiber 100 have the same total number of particles, it can be derived. Relationship. In this way, the user can give L , l 1 , and In the case of l 2 (i.e., the length of the second fiber length 120 having a higher concentration) is calculated.
從另一觀點而言，本揭露提出的增益光纖100可視為是將習知增益光纖中的一部分用較高粒子濃度的第二光纖段120來取代。如此一來，在具有相同粒子總數的前提之下，由於增益光纖100相較於習知增益光纖的長度較短，因而能夠更為有效地抑制SBS現象。 From another point of view, the gain fiber 100 proposed by the present disclosure can be considered to replace a portion of a conventional gain fiber with a second fiber segment 120 of higher particle concentration. As a result, under the premise of having the same total number of particles, since the gain fiber 100 has a shorter length than the conventional gain fiber, the SBS phenomenon can be more effectively suppressed.
為了更進一步地突顯本揭露的增益光纖在抑制SBS現象方面的效果，以下將基於圖2及圖3A及圖3B實施例分別針對習知增益光纖以及本揭露的增益光纖在傳遞雷射光時所量測到的順向功率(對應於順向雷射)以及反向功率(對應於SBS)進行討論。 In order to further highlight the effect of the disclosed gain fiber in suppressing the SBS phenomenon, the following will be based on the embodiment of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B for the conventional gain fiber and the gain fiber of the present disclosure. The measured forward power (corresponding to the forward laser) and reverse power (corresponding to SBS) are discussed.
圖2是依據本發明之一實施例繪示的光纖雷射放大器架構。在本實施例中，光纖雷射放大器架構200包括種子源雷射210、光纖雷射放大器220、光耦合器230、光結合器240、泵浦雷射250以及增益光纖100。光纖雷射放大器架構200中各個元件的連接關係如圖2所示。 2 is a schematic diagram of a fiber laser amplifier structure according to an embodiment of the invention. In the present embodiment, the fiber laser amplifier architecture 200 includes a seed source laser 210, a fiber laser amplifier 220, an optical coupler 230, an optical combiner 240, a pump laser 250, and a gain fiber 100. The connection relationship of each component in the fiber laser amplifier architecture 200 is as shown in FIG. 2.
圖3A是依據本發明之一實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的順向監測功率與雷射輸出功率的對應關係圖。圖3A的橫座標軸為雷射輸出功率(mW)，而圖3A的縱座標軸為順向監測功率(mW)。所述順向監測功率例如是在圖2的光耦合器230所量測到的順向監測功率，而雷射輸出功率即為輸入所述三種光纖中的雷射光的功率。 FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the correspondence between the forward monitoring power and the laser output power of three types of gain fibers according to an embodiment of the invention. The abscissa axis of Figure 3A is the laser output power (mW), while the ordinate axis of Figure 3A is the forward monitoring power (mW). The forward monitoring power is, for example, the forward monitoring power measured by the optical coupler 230 of FIG. 2, and the laser output power is the power of the laser light input into the three types of optical fibers.
在本實施例中，所述三種光纖包括具有同樣截面積、增 益介質以及粒子總數的光纖L1~L3，其中，光纖L1為習知增益光纖，而光纖L2及L3為本揭露提出的增益光纖。 In this embodiment, the three types of optical fibers include the same cross-sectional area and increase The medium and the total number of particles L1 to L3, wherein the fiber L1 is a conventional gain fiber, and the fibers L2 and L3 are the gain fibers proposed by the disclosure.
光纖L1例如是以長度為7公尺的Yb1200(即，粒子濃度為1200個單位的鐿(其元素符號為Yb))製成的習知增益光纖。 The optical fiber L1 is, for example, a conventional gain fiber made of Yb 1200 having a length of 7 meters (that is, 镱 having a particle concentration of 1200 units (the element symbol is Yb)).
光纖L2例如是以長度分別為3.25公尺以及2.25公尺的Yb1200以及Yb2000(即，粒子濃度為2000個單位的鐿)製成的增益光纖，其總長度為5.5公尺。若將光纖L2對照圖1來看，則光纖L2中Yb1200及Yb2000的部分可視為是圖1的第一光纖段110及第二光纖120。應了解的是，光纖L2中Yb2000的長度(即，l 2)是在給定第一光纖段110的長度(即，l 1)、光纖L1(即，L)的長度、1200(即，)以及2000(即，)之後，套用的關係式所計算而得。 The optical fiber L2 is, for example, a gain fiber made of Yb1200 and Yb2000 (i.e., 粒子 having a particle concentration of 2000 units) having a length of 3.25 meters and 2.25 meters, respectively, and a total length of 5.5 meters. If the fiber L2 is viewed in comparison with FIG. 1, the portions of Yb1200 and Yb2000 in the fiber L2 can be regarded as the first fiber segment 110 and the second fiber 120 of FIG. It should be understood that the length of Yb2000 in fiber L2 (ie, l 2 ) is the length of the given first fiber segment 110 (ie, l 1 ), the length of fiber L1 (ie, L ), 1200 (ie, ) and 2000 (ie, After that, apply The relationship is calculated.
光纖L3例如是以長度分別為0.7公尺以及3.8公尺的Yb1200以及Yb2000製成的增益光纖，其總長度為4.5公尺。若將光纖L3對照圖1來看，則光纖L3中Yb1200及Yb2000的部分可視為是圖1的第一光纖段110及第二光纖120。如先前實施例中所教示的，光纖L3中Yb2000的長度(即，l 2)是在給定第一光纖段110的長度(即，l 1)、光纖L1(即，L)的長度、1200(即，)以及2000(即，)之後，套用的關係式計算而得。 The optical fiber L3 is, for example, a gain fiber made of Yb1200 and Yb2000 having a length of 0.7 m and a length of 3.8 m, respectively, and has a total length of 4.5 m. If the optical fiber L3 is seen in comparison with FIG. 1, the portions of Yb1200 and Yb2000 in the optical fiber L3 can be regarded as the first optical fiber segment 110 and the second optical fiber 120 of FIG. As taught in the previous embodiment, the length of Yb2000 in fiber L3 (i.e., l 2 ) is the length of the given first fiber segment 110 (i.e., l 1 ), the length of fiber L1 (i.e., L ), 1200. (which is, ) and 2000 (ie, After that, apply The relationship is calculated.
在圖3A中，曲線A1~A3分別對應於光纖L1~L3。從曲線A1以及A2的趨勢可清楚看出，隨著雷射輸出功率的增加，光 纖L1及L2的順向監測功率也隨著愈趨嚴重的SBS現象而降低。然而，由於曲線A2下降的幅度較曲線A1少，因而可以看出光纖L2(即，本揭露提出的增益光纖)對於抑制SBS現象的效果確實優於光纖L1(即，習知增益光纖)。並且，從曲線A3的趨勢可看出，光纖L3的順向監測功率衰減比光纖L1及L2都少，因而可得知光纖L3(即，本揭露提出的增益光纖)在抑制SBS現象的效果相較於光纖L2來的更佳。 In FIG. 3A, curves A1 to A3 correspond to the optical fibers L1 to L3, respectively. It is clear from the trend of curves A1 and A2 that as the laser output power increases, the light The forward monitoring power of the fibers L1 and L2 also decreases with the increasingly severe SBS phenomenon. However, since the curve A2 falls less than the curve A1, it can be seen that the fiber L2 (i.e., the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure) is superior to the fiber L1 (i.e., the conventional gain fiber) in suppressing the SBS phenomenon. Moreover, it can be seen from the trend of the curve A3 that the forward monitoring power attenuation of the optical fiber L3 is less than that of the optical fibers L1 and L2, so that the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon of the optical fiber L3 (that is, the gain optical fiber proposed by the present disclosure) can be known. Better than fiber L2.
圖3B是依據圖3A實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的反向監測功率與雷射輸出功率的對應關係圖。圖3B的橫座標軸為雷射輸出功率(mW)，而圖3B的縱座標軸為反向監測功率(mW)。所述反向監測功率例如是在圖2的光耦合器230所量測到的反向監測功率。 FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the relationship between the reverse monitoring power and the laser output power of the three types of gain fibers according to the embodiment of FIG. 3A. The abscissa axis of Figure 3B is the laser output power (mW), while the ordinate axis of Figure 3B is the reverse monitoring power (mW). The reverse monitoring power is, for example, the reverse monitoring power measured by the optical coupler 230 of FIG.
在本實施例中，曲線B1~B3分別對應於光纖L1~L3。從曲線B1以及B2的趨勢可清楚看出，隨著雷射輸出功率的增加，光纖L1及L2的反向監測功率也隨著愈趨嚴重的SBS現象而增加。然而，由於曲線B2上升的幅度較曲線B1少，因而可以看出光纖L2(即，本揭露提出的增益光纖)對於抑制SBS現象的效果確實優於光纖L1(即，習知增益光纖)。並且，從曲線B3的趨勢可看出，光纖L3的反向監測功率上升比光纖L1及L2都少，因而可得知光纖L3在抑制SBS現象的效果相較於光纖L2來的更佳。 In the present embodiment, the curves B1 to B3 correspond to the optical fibers L1 to L3, respectively. It is clear from the trend of curves B1 and B2 that as the laser output power increases, the reverse monitoring power of the fibers L1 and L2 also increases with the increasingly severe SBS phenomenon. However, since the curve B2 rises less than the curve B1, it can be seen that the fiber L2 (i.e., the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure) is superior to the fiber L1 (i.e., the conventional gain fiber) in suppressing the SBS phenomenon. Moreover, as can be seen from the trend of the curve B3, the reverse monitoring power of the optical fiber L3 rises less than that of the optical fibers L1 and L2, so that the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon of the optical fiber L3 is better than that of the optical fiber L2.
除了透過圖3A及圖3B所示的順向監測功率以及反向監測功率的趨勢來證明本揭露的增益光纖在抑制SBS現象的效果之 外，以下更提供上述三種光纖的光譜圖來進一步進行驗證。 In addition to the trend of forward monitoring power and reverse monitoring power shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the effect of the disclosed gain fiber on suppressing the SBS phenomenon is demonstrated. In addition, the spectrum of the above three types of fibers is further provided for further verification.
圖4是依據圖3A及圖3B實施例繪示的三種增益光纖的光譜圖。圖4的橫座標軸為波長(nm)，而圖4的縱座標軸為正規化功率(normalized power)。在本實施例中，曲線C1~C3分別對應於光纖L1~L3。 4 is a spectral diagram of three types of gain fibers illustrated in accordance with the embodiments of FIGS. 3A and 3B. The abscissa axis of Fig. 4 is the wavelength (nm), and the ordinate axis of Fig. 4 is the normalized power. In the present embodiment, the curves C1 to C3 correspond to the optical fibers L1 to L3, respectively.
從曲線C1及C2中可看出，曲線C1及C2中明顯存在因SBS現象所導致的旁波(sideband)C1_1、C1_2、C2_1及C2_2。從圖4中可清楚看出，曲線C2的旁波C2_1及C2_2分別低於曲線C1的旁波C1_1及C1_2，此即代表曲線C2中的SBS現象較曲線C1輕微。亦即，光纖L2(即，本揭露提出的增益光纖)對於抑制SBS現象的效果確實優於光纖L1(即，習知增益光纖)。 It can be seen from the curves C1 and C2 that the sidebands C1_1, C1_2, C2_1 and C2_2 due to the SBS phenomenon are apparent in the curves C1 and C2. As is clear from Fig. 4, the side waves C2_1 and C2_2 of the curve C2 are lower than the side waves C1_1 and C1_2 of the curve C1, respectively, which means that the SBS phenomenon in the curve C2 is slightly smaller than the curve C1. That is, the optical fiber L2 (i.e., the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure) is indeed superior to the optical fiber L1 (i.e., the conventional gain fiber) in suppressing the SBS phenomenon.
並且，由於曲線C3中無法明顯看出具有對應於SBS現象的旁波，因而可得知光纖L3在抑制SBS現象的效果相較於光纖L2來的更佳。 Further, since it is not apparent in the curve C3 that there is a side wave corresponding to the SBS phenomenon, it is understood that the effect of suppressing the SBS phenomenon of the optical fiber L3 is better than that of the optical fiber L2.
綜上所述，透過將兩種不同粒子濃度的光纖段熔接在一起，本揭露提出的增益光纖能夠有效地抑制SBS現象。並且，由於本揭露提出的增益光纖僅需透過例如光纖熔接機的既有裝置將兩個光纖段進行熔接即可製成，因此製作上的成本較低。 In summary, the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure can effectively suppress the SBS phenomenon by fusing the fiber segments of two different particle concentrations together. Moreover, since the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure can be fabricated by welding two fiber segments through an existing device such as a fiber fusion splicer, the manufacturing cost is low.
從另一觀點而言，本揭露提出的增益光纖可視為是將習知增益光纖中的一部分用較高粒子濃度的第二光纖段來取代。如此一來，在具有相同粒子總數的前提之下，由於增益光纖相較於習知增益光纖的長度較短，因而能夠更為有效地抑制SBS現象。 From another point of view, the gain fiber proposed by the present disclosure can be considered as replacing a portion of a conventional gain fiber with a second fiber segment of higher particle concentration. In this way, under the premise of having the same total number of particles, since the gain fiber has a shorter length than the conventional gain fiber, the SBS phenomenon can be more effectively suppressed.
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
100‧‧‧增益光纖 100‧‧‧Gain Fiber
110‧‧‧第一光纖段 110‧‧‧First fiber segment
112‧‧‧第一光纖核 112‧‧‧First fiber core
120‧‧‧第二光纖段 120‧‧‧second fiber segment
122‧‧‧第二光纖核 122‧‧‧second fiber core
130‧‧‧順向雷射 130‧‧‧ Forward laser
140‧‧‧SBS 140‧‧‧SBS
LS‧‧‧光 LS‧‧‧Light
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