TW201517107A - Switching circuit - Google Patents
Switching circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201517107A TW201517107A TW103131203A TW103131203A TW201517107A TW 201517107 A TW201517107 A TW 201517107A TW 103131203 A TW103131203 A TW 103131203A TW 103131203 A TW103131203 A TW 103131203A TW 201517107 A TW201517107 A TW 201517107A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- short
- switching
- open
- fusible conductor
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
- H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種對電流路徑進行切換的切換電路。 The present invention relates to a switching circuit for switching a current path.
大部分可充電並重複利用的二次電池被加工成電池組(battery pack)而提供給用戶。尤其在重量能量密度高的鋰離子二次電池中，為了確保用戶及電子機器的安全，一般而言，將過充電保護、過放電保護等幾種保護電路內置於電池組中，具有在規定的情況下阻斷電池組的輸出的功能。 Most rechargeable and reusable secondary batteries are processed into battery packs for delivery to the user. In particular, in a lithium ion secondary battery having a high weight and energy density, in order to secure the safety of the user and the electronic device, in general, several types of protection circuits such as overcharge protection and overdischarge protection are built in the battery pack, and have a predetermined The function of blocking the output of the battery pack in case.
此種保護元件中，有如下者：使用內置於電池組的場效電晶體(field-effect transistor，FET)開關來進行輸出的導通/斷開(ON/OFF)，藉此進行電池組的過充電保護或過放電保護運作。然而，在因某種原因而FET開關短路擊穿的情況下，施加雷電突波(lightning surge)等而瞬間性大電流流過的情況下，或者因電池單元(battery cell)的壽命而輸出電壓異常下降或相反輸出過大的異常電壓的情況下，電池組或電子機器需要受到保護以不會發生火災等事故。因此，為了在所述可設想到的任何異常狀態下，亦安全地阻斷電池單元的輸出，而使用包含保險絲(fuse)元件的 保護元件，該保險絲元件具有藉由來自外部的信號而阻斷電流路徑的功能。 Among such protection elements, there is a case where the output is turned on/off (ON/OFF) using a field-effect transistor (FET) switch built in the battery pack, thereby performing a battery pack. Charge protection or over-discharge protection operation. However, in the case where the FET switch is short-circuited for some reason, a lightning surge or the like is applied to instantaneously flow a large current, or a voltage is output due to the life of the battery cell. In the case of an abnormal drop or an abnormally large abnormal voltage, the battery pack or the electronic device needs to be protected from accidents such as a fire. Therefore, in order to safely block the output of the battery unit in any of the conceivable abnormal conditions, a fuse-containing component is used. A protection element having a function of blocking a current path by a signal from the outside.
作為面向鋰離子二次電池等的保護電路的保護元件，有如專利文獻1所記載的如下的保護元件：跨及電流路徑上的第1電極、發熱體引出電極、第2電極間而連接可熔導體並作為電流路徑的一部分，藉由過電流的自發熱或者設置於保護元件內部的發熱體來將該電流路徑上的可熔導體熔斷。此種保護元件中，將已熔融的液體狀的可熔導體集中於與發熱體相連的導體層上，藉此阻斷電流路徑。 As a protective element for a protective circuit of a lithium ion secondary battery or the like, there is a protective element as disclosed in Patent Document 1 in which a first electrode across a current path, a heating element extraction electrode, and a second electrode are connected and fusible The conductor is also a part of the current path, and the fusible conductor on the current path is blown by self-heating of the overcurrent or a heat generating body provided inside the protective element. In such a protective element, the molten liquid-like fusible conductor is concentrated on the conductor layer connected to the heat generating body, thereby blocking the current path.
[先前技術文獻] [Previous Technical Literature]
[專利文獻] [Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2010-003665號公報 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-003665
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2004-185960號公報 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-185960
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開2012-003878號公報 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2012-003878
然而，即便阻斷發生了異常的鋰離子二次電池的充放電電流電路，電池單元中亦儲存著相當於電池容量的大的能量，當保護電路中產生異常時等，設想存在因來自該電池單元的洩漏電流而引起發熱事故等風險。因此，較佳為在停止使用電池組後，使內部的電池單元放電直至下降到安全電壓為止。 However, even if the charge/discharge current circuit of the lithium ion secondary battery in which the abnormality has occurred is blocked, the battery unit stores a large amount of energy equivalent to the battery capacity, and when an abnormality occurs in the protection circuit, it is assumed that there is a source of the battery. The leakage current of the unit causes a risk of heat accidents. Therefore, it is preferable to discharge the internal battery cells until the safety voltage is lowered after the battery pack is stopped.
這樣，例如鋰離子二次電池的電池組中，要求具有如下 元件，即，可確實地將電池單元的電流路徑從正常時的充放電路徑切換到異常時的放電路徑。 Thus, in a battery pack such as a lithium ion secondary battery, it is required to have the following The component, that is, can reliably switch the current path of the battery cell from the normal charge and discharge path to the abnormal discharge path.
因此，本發明的目的在於提供切換電路，該切換電路依照規定的順序在正常時阻斷短路的電流路徑，在異常時使所使用的電流路徑短路，且不可逆地對電流路徑進行切換。 Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a switching circuit that blocks a short-circuit current path in a normal order in a predetermined order, shorts a current path used in an abnormal state, and irreversibly switches the current path.
為了解決所述問題，本發明的切換電路包括短路電路及開放電路，所述短路電路包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第1發熱體，一端與所述第1發熱體連接、另一端與主要電路連接的短路側可熔導體，及一端與所述短路側可熔導體連接並且與所述主要電路連接、另一端與第1電路連接的開關，藉由所述第1發熱體發出的熱使所述短路側可熔導體熔斷，並藉由該熔融導體使所述開關短路，所述開放電路包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第2發熱體，及與所述第2發熱體連接並且一端與第2電路連接、另一端與所述主要電路連接的開放側可熔導體，藉由所述第2發熱體發出的熱使所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，在所述第2發熱體的一端連接著開關元件，所述開關元件接收切換信號而使電流從所述主要電路向所述第2發熱體通電，將所述短路電路的所述第1發熱體的開放端、與所述開放電路的所述第2發熱體和所述開放側可熔導體的連接端連接，藉由所述開關元件運作而所述開放電路的所述第2發熱體通電、發熱，所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，從而阻斷所述主要電路與所述第2電路，藉由所述開放側可熔導體的熔斷， 而所述短路電路的所述第1發熱體通電、發熱，所述短路側可熔導體熔融，從而使所述開關短路，並使所述主要電路與所述第1電路通電。 In order to solve the above problem, the switching circuit of the present invention includes a short circuit including: a first heat generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, and one end is connected to the first heat generating body, and the other end is connected to a short-circuit side fusible conductor connected to the main circuit, and a switch having one end connected to the short-circuit side fusible conductor and connected to the main circuit and the other end connected to the first circuit, and the heat generated by the first heating element The short-circuit-side soluble conductor is blown, and the switch is short-circuited by the molten conductor, and the open circuit includes a second heat generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, and is connected to the second heat generating body And an open-side fusible conductor connected to the second circuit at one end and connected to the main circuit at the other end, and the open-side fusible conductor is blown by heat generated by the second heat generating body, and the second heat is generated a switching element is connected to one end of the body, and the switching element receives a switching signal to energize a current from the main circuit to the second heating element, and opens an open end of the first heating element of the short circuit Description The second heating element of the discharge circuit is connected to the connection end of the open-side soluble conductor, and the second heating element of the open circuit is energized and generates heat by the operation of the switching element, and the open side is Melting the fuse, thereby blocking the main circuit and the second circuit, by blowing the open side fusible conductor, The first heat generating body of the short circuit is energized and generates heat, and the short-circuit-side meltable conductor is melted to short-circuit the switch, and the main circuit and the first circuit are energized.
而且，本發明的切換電路包括短路電路及開放電路，所述短路電路包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第1發熱體，一端與所述第1發熱體連接、另一端與主要電路連接的短路側可熔導體，及一端與所述短路側可熔導體連接並且與所述主要電路連接、另一端與第1電路連接的開關，藉由所述第1發熱體發出的熱使所述短路側可熔導體熔斷，並藉由該熔融導體使所述開關短路，所述開放電路包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第2發熱體，及與所述第2發熱體連接並且一端與第2電路連接、另一端與所述主要電路連接的開放側可熔導體，藉由所述第2發熱體發出的熱使所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，在所述第1發熱體的一端連接著第1開關元件，所述第1開關元件接收切換信號而使電流從所述主要電路向所述第1發熱體通電，在所述第2發熱體的一端連接著第2開關元件，所述第2開關元件接收切換信號而使電流從所述主要電路向所述第2發熱體通電，藉由所述第2開關元件運作，而所述開放電路的所述第2發熱體通電、發熱，所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，從而阻斷所述主要電路與所述第2電路，藉由所述第1開關元件運作，而所述短路電路的所述第1發熱體通電、發熱，所述短路側可熔導體熔融，從而使所述開關短路，並使所述主要電路與所述第1電路通電。 Further, the switching circuit of the present invention includes a short circuit including a first heat generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, and one end connected to the first heat generating body and the other end connected to the main circuit. a short-circuit-side fusible conductor, and a switch having one end connected to the short-circuit-side soluble conductor and connected to the main circuit and the other end connected to the first circuit, the short circuit being caused by heat generated by the first heat generating body The side fusible conductor is blown, and the switch is short-circuited by the molten conductor, the open circuit including: a second heat generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, and a second heat generating body connected to the second heat generating body a circuit-connected open-side fusible conductor connected to the main circuit at the other end, wherein the open-side fusible conductor is blown by heat generated by the second heat generating body, and is connected at one end of the first heat generating body a first switching element that receives a switching signal to energize a current from the main circuit to the first heating element, and a second switching element is connected to one end of the second heating element Second switch element Receiving a switching signal to energize a current from the main circuit to the second heating element, and operating the second switching element, the second heating element of the open circuit is energized and generates heat, and the open side The fusible conductor is blown to block the main circuit and the second circuit, and the first switching element operates, and the first heating element of the short circuit is energized and generates heat, and the short-circuit side is The fuse conductor is fused to short the switch and energize the primary circuit and the first circuit.
而且，本發明的切換電路包括短路部及開放部，所述短路部包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第1發熱體，一端與所述第1發熱體連接、另一端與第1電路連接的短路側可熔導體，及一端與所述短路側可熔導體連接並且與所述第1電路連接、另一端與主要電路連接的開關，藉由所述第1發熱體發出的熱使所述短路側可熔導體熔斷，並藉由該熔融導體使所述開關短路，所述開放部包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第2發熱體，及與所述第2發熱體連接並且一端與所述開關的另一端及所述主要電路連接、另一端與第2電路連接的開放側可熔導體，藉由所述第2發熱體發出的熱使所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，所述第1發熱體與第1開關元件連接，所述第1開關元件接收切換信號而使電流從所述主要電路向所述第1發熱體通電，所述第2發熱體與第2開關元件連接，所述第2開關元件接收切換信號而使電流從所述主要電路向所述第2發熱體通電，藉由所述第2開關元件運作，而所述開放部的所述第2發熱體通電、發熱，所述開放側可熔導體熔斷，從而阻斷所述主要電路與所述第2電路，藉由所述第1開關元件運作，而所述短路部的所述第1發熱體通電、發熱，所述短路側可熔導體熔融，從而使所述開關短路，並使所述主要電路與所述第1電路通電。 Further, the switching circuit of the present invention includes a short-circuit portion and an open portion, and the short-circuit portion includes a first heat-generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, one end of which is connected to the first heat-generating body, and the other end of which is connected to the first circuit a short-circuit-side fusible conductor, and a switch having one end connected to the short-circuit-side soluble conductor and connected to the first circuit and the other end connected to the main circuit, wherein the heat generated by the first heat generating body causes the The short-circuit-side fusible conductor is blown, and the switch is short-circuited by the molten conductor, and the open portion includes a second heat-generating body that generates heat by a current flowing, and is connected to the second heat-generating body and has one end and An open-side fusible conductor connected to the other end of the switch and the main circuit and connected to the second circuit at the other end, and the open-side fusible conductor is blown by heat generated by the second heating element, The first heating element is connected to the first switching element, and the first switching element receives a switching signal to energize a current from the main circuit to the first heating element, and the second heating element is connected to the second switching element. The second switching element receives the cut The signal is exchanged to cause current to be supplied from the main circuit to the second heat generating body, and the second switching element operates, and the second heat generating body of the open portion is energized and generates heat, and the open side may be The fuse is blown to block the main circuit and the second circuit, and the first switching element operates, and the first heating element of the short-circuit portion is energized and generates heat, and the short-circuit side is meltable The conductor is fused to short the switch and energize the primary circuit and the first circuit.
根據本發明，藉由使開關元件運作，而可阻斷從主要電路到第2電路的電流路徑，並且構築到達第1電路的電流路徑， 且可將主要電路的電流路徑從第2電路切換到第1電路。此時，根據本發明，藉由使第1開放側可熔導體熔融而能夠不可逆地進行電流路徑的阻斷及短路。 According to the present invention, by operating the switching element, the current path from the main circuit to the second circuit can be blocked, and the current path to the first circuit can be constructed. And the current path of the main circuit can be switched from the second circuit to the first circuit. At this time, according to the present invention, the current path can be irreversibly blocked and short-circuited by melting the first open-side meltable conductor.
1‧‧‧短路電路 1‧‧‧Short circuit
2‧‧‧第1發熱體 2‧‧‧1st heating element
3‧‧‧短路側可熔導體 3‧‧‧ Short-circuit side fusible conductor
4‧‧‧開關 4‧‧‧ switch
5‧‧‧第1電極 5‧‧‧1st electrode
6‧‧‧第2電極 6‧‧‧2nd electrode
7‧‧‧第1發熱體電極 7‧‧‧1st heating element electrode
10‧‧‧開放電路 10‧‧‧Open circuit
11‧‧‧第2發熱體 11‧‧‧2nd heating element
12‧‧‧開放側可熔導體 12‧‧‧Open side fusible conductor
12a‧‧‧第1開放側可熔導體 12a‧‧‧1st open side fusible conductor
12b‧‧‧第2開放側可熔導體 12b‧‧‧2nd open side fusible conductor
13‧‧‧第3電極 13‧‧‧3rd electrode
14‧‧‧第4電極 14‧‧‧4th electrode
15‧‧‧第2發熱體電極 15‧‧‧2nd heating element electrode
16‧‧‧連接端電極 16‧‧‧Connecting electrode
21‧‧‧短路元件 21‧‧‧Short-circuit components
22‧‧‧開放元件 22‧‧‧Open components
23‧‧‧第1外部電路 23‧‧‧1st external circuit
24‧‧‧第2外部電路 24‧‧‧2nd external circuit
25‧‧‧電源電路 25‧‧‧Power circuit
26‧‧‧開關元件 26‧‧‧Switching elements
30‧‧‧第1切換電路 30‧‧‧1st switching circuit
31‧‧‧保護電阻 31‧‧‧Protection resistance
32‧‧‧放電電路 32‧‧‧Discharge circuit
33‧‧‧充放電電流電路 33‧‧‧Charge and discharge current circuit
40‧‧‧電池組 40‧‧‧Battery Pack
40a‧‧‧正極端子 40a‧‧‧positive terminal
40b‧‧‧負極端子 40b‧‧‧Negative terminal
41~44‧‧‧電池單元 41~44‧‧‧ battery unit
45‧‧‧電池堆 45‧‧‧Battery stack
46‧‧‧檢測電路 46‧‧‧Detection circuit
50‧‧‧充放電控制電路 50‧‧‧Charge and discharge control circuit
51、52‧‧‧電流控制元件 51, 52‧‧‧ Current control components
55‧‧‧充電電路 55‧‧‧Charging circuit
60‧‧‧第2切換電路 60‧‧‧2nd switching circuit
61‧‧‧第1開關元件 61‧‧‧1st switching element
62‧‧‧第2開關元件 62‧‧‧2nd switching element
70‧‧‧第3切換電路 70‧‧‧3rd switching circuit
71‧‧‧短路部 71‧‧‧ Short circuit
72‧‧‧開放部 72‧‧‧Open Department
圖1(A)、圖1(B)是構成切換電路的短路電路的電路圖，圖1(A)表示短路前，圖1(B)表示短路後。 1(A) and 1(B) are circuit diagrams of a short-circuit circuit constituting a switching circuit. FIG. 1(A) shows a short circuit and FIG. 1(B) shows a short circuit.
圖2(A)、圖2(B)是構成切換電路的開放電路的電路圖，圖2(A)表示開放前，圖2(B)表示開放後。 2(A) and 2(B) are circuit diagrams of an open circuit constituting a switching circuit, and FIG. 2(A) shows before opening, and FIG. 2(B) shows after opening.
圖3是表示第1切換電路的構成的方塊圖。 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a first switching circuit.
圖4(A)、圖4(B)是表示切換前的第1切換電路的電路圖，圖4(A)表示具備2個開放側可熔導體的示例，圖4(B)表示具備1個開放側可熔導體的示例。 4(A) and 4(B) are circuit diagrams showing a first switching circuit before switching, and FIG. 4(A) shows an example in which two open-side fusible conductors are provided, and FIG. 4(B) shows that one is open. An example of a side fusible conductor.
圖5是表示藉由開關元件使第2發熱體通電的第1切換電路的電路圖。 FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a first switching circuit that energizes the second heating element by the switching element.
圖6是表示使第1發熱體通電的第1切換電路的電路圖。 FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a first switching circuit that energizes the first heating element.
圖7是表示切換後的第1切換電路的電路圖。 FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a first switching circuit after switching.
圖8是應用第1切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which the first switching circuit is applied.
圖9是表示第1切換電路的變形例的電路圖。 FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the first switching circuit.
圖10是應用變形例的第1切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which a first switching circuit of a modification is applied.
圖11是表示第2切換電路的構成的方塊圖。 Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a second switching circuit.
圖12(A)、圖12(B)是表示第2切換電路的電路圖，圖12 (A)表示具備2個開放側可熔導體的示例，圖12(B)表示具備1個開放側可熔導體的示例。 12(A) and 12(B) are circuit diagrams showing the second switching circuit, and Fig. 12 (A) shows an example in which two open-side fusible conductors are provided, and FIG. 12(B) shows an example in which one open-side fusible conductor is provided.
圖13是應用第2切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 Fig. 13 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which a second switching circuit is applied.
圖14是表示第2切換電路的變形例的電路圖。 FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the second switching circuit.
圖15是應用變形例的第2切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 Fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which a second switching circuit of a modification is applied.
圖16(A)、圖16(B)是表示第3切換電路的電路圖，圖16(A)表示具備2個開放側可熔導體的示例，圖16(B)表示具備1個開放側可熔導體的示例。 16(A) and 16(B) are circuit diagrams showing a third switching circuit. Fig. 16(A) shows an example in which two open-side fusible conductors are provided, and Fig. 16(B) shows an open side fusible. An example of a conductor.
圖17是應用第3切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 Fig. 17 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which a third switching circuit is applied.
圖18是表示第3切換電路的變形例的電路圖。 FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the third switching circuit.
圖19是應用變形例的第3切換電路的電池組的電路圖。 19 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack to which a third switching circuit of a modification is applied.
以下，一面參照圖式一面對應用本發明的切換電路進行詳細說明。另外，本發明並不僅限定於以下的實施形態，在不脫離本發明的主旨的範圍內當然可進行各種變更。而且，圖式為示意性的圖，有時各尺寸的比率等與現實的情況不同。具體的尺寸等應參照以下的說明來判斷。而且，圖式彼此之間當然包含彼此的尺寸的關係或比率不同的部分。 Hereinafter, the switching circuit to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Moreover, the drawing is a schematic diagram, and the ratio of each dimension may be different from the actual case. The specific dimensions and the like should be judged by referring to the following description. Moreover, the drawings naturally include portions having different dimensional relationships or ratios from each other.
應用本發明的切換電路包括：短路電路或短路部，藉由使可熔導體熔融，而將經由該熔融導體彼此開放的電極間加以連接；以及開放電路或開放部，藉由使可熔導體熔融而將經由可熔導體產生短路的電極間予以阻斷。首先，對短路電路及開放電路 的運作原理進行說明。 The switching circuit to which the present invention is applied includes: a short circuit or a short-circuit portion that connects between electrodes that are open to each other via the molten conductor by melting the fusible conductor; and an open circuit or an open portion by melting the fusible conductor The electrodes that are short-circuited via the fusible conductor are blocked. First, the short circuit and the open circuit The operation principle is explained.
短路電路1如圖1(A)所示，包括：第1發熱體2；短路側可熔導體3，與第1發熱體2串聯連接且藉由第1發熱體2的發熱而熔融；以及第1電極5、第2電極6，彼此開放，藉由短路側可熔導體3熔融而經由該熔融導體產生短路且構成開關4。第1電極5與未圖示的電源連接，第2電極6與在開關4導通時連接的外部電路連接。而且，第1發熱體2經由第1發熱體電極7而與未圖示的FET等開關元件連接，並對通電進行控制。 As shown in FIG. 1(A), the short circuit 1 includes a first heat generating element 2 and a short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 connected in series with the first heat generating body 2 and melted by heat generation of the first heat generating body 2; The first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are open to each other, and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 is melted, and a short circuit is generated via the molten conductor to constitute the switch 4. The first electrode 5 is connected to a power supply (not shown), and the second electrode 6 is connected to an external circuit connected when the switch 4 is turned on. Further, the first heating element 2 is connected to a switching element such as an FET (not shown) via the first heating element electrode 7, and controls energization.
短路電路1在藉由開關元件運作，而經由第1電極5及短路側可熔導體3對第1發熱體2供電時，如圖1(B)所示，藉由第1發熱體2的發熱而短路側可熔導體3熔斷。於是，短路電路1中，短路側可熔導體3的熔融導體跨及第1電極5、第2電極6間凝聚，第1電極5、第2電極6間短路。藉此，短路電路1的開關4導通，使電源與外部電路通電。 When the short-circuiting circuit 1 operates by the switching element and supplies power to the first heating element 2 via the first electrode 5 and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3, the heat of the first heating element 2 is generated as shown in FIG. 1(B). The short-circuit side fusible conductor 3 is blown. Then, in the short circuit 1 , the molten conductor of the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 converges between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 , and the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited. Thereby, the switch 4 of the short circuit 1 is turned on to energize the power supply and the external circuit.
開放電路10如圖2(A)所示，包括：第2發熱體11；藉由第2發熱體11的發熱而熔斷的開放側可熔導體12；及經由開放側可熔導體12而連接的第3電極13、第4電極14。第3電極13、第4電極14設置於電流路徑上，第2發熱體11經由第2發熱體電極15而與未圖示的FET等開關元件連接，並對通電進行控制。 As shown in FIG. 2(A), the open circuit 10 includes a second heat generating body 11 , an open side fusible conductor 12 that is blown by heat generation of the second heat generating body 11 , and an open side soluble conductor 12 connected thereto. The third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14. The third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 are provided in the current path, and the second heating element 11 is connected to a switching element such as an FET (not shown) via the second heating element electrode 15 to control energization.
開放電路10在藉由開關元件運作，而經由第3電極13及開放側可熔導體12對第2發熱體11供電時，如圖2(B)所示， 藉由第2發熱體11的發熱而開放側可熔導體12熔斷。藉此，開放電路10可阻斷電流路徑。 When the open circuit 10 operates by the switching element and supplies power to the second heating element 11 via the third electrode 13 and the open-side soluble conductor 12, as shown in FIG. 2(B), The open-side fusible conductor 12 is blown by the heat generation of the second heating element 11. Thereby, the open circuit 10 can block the current path.
[第1切換電路] [1st switching circuit]
第1切換電路30如圖3所示，包括：短路元件21，構成短路電路1，且與成為主要電路的電源電路25及切換後通電的第1外部電路23連接；以及開放元件22，構成開放電路10，且與電源電路25及切換前通電的第2外部電路24連接。而且，第1切換電路30藉由接收切換信號的開關元件26對第2發熱體11供電。藉此，第2發熱體11發熱，將第3電極13、第4電極14間阻斷後，第1發熱體2發熱，第1電極5、第2電極6間短路。藉此，第1切換電路30可將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 As shown in FIG. 3, the first switching circuit 30 includes a short-circuit element 21, constitutes a short-circuit circuit 1, and is connected to a power supply circuit 25 that is a main circuit and a first external circuit 23 that is energized after switching, and an open element 22 that is open. The circuit 10 is connected to the power supply circuit 25 and the second external circuit 24 that is energized before switching. Further, the first switching circuit 30 supplies power to the second heating element 11 by the switching element 26 that receives the switching signal. As a result, the second heating element 11 generates heat, and after the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 are blocked, the first heating element 2 generates heat, and the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited. Thereby, the first switching circuit 30 can switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23.
具體而言，第1切換電路30具有圖4(A)、圖4(B)所示的電路構成。短路電路1包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第1發熱體2；短路側可熔導體3，一端與第1發熱體2連接而另一端與電源電路25連接；以及開關4，一端與短路側可熔導體3連接並且與電源電路25連接，而另一端與第1外部電路23連接。 Specifically, the first switching circuit 30 has the circuit configuration shown in FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B). The short circuit 1 includes a first heat generating body 2 that generates heat by a current flow, and a short-circuit side meltable conductor 3, one end of which is connected to the first heat generating body 2 and the other end of which is connected to the power supply circuit 25; and the switch 4, one end and a short circuit The side fusible conductor 3 is connected and connected to the power supply circuit 25, and the other end is connected to the first external circuit 23.
開關4經由第1電極5而與電源電路25連接，經由第2電極6而與第1外部電路23連接。而且，第1發熱體2經由第1發熱體電極7而與開放電路10的連接端電極16連接。 The switch 4 is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the first electrode 5, and is connected to the first external circuit 23 via the second electrode 6. Further, the first heating element 2 is connected to the connection end electrode 16 of the open circuit 10 via the first heating element electrode 7.
而且，開放電路10包括：藉由電流流過而發熱的第2發熱體11；以及開放側可熔導體12，與第2發熱體11連接，並 且一端與電源電路25連接而另一端與第2外部電路24連接。在圖4(A)所示的第1切換電路30中，開放側可熔導體12包括：第1開放側可熔導體12a，使一端經由第3電極13而與電源電路25連接，使另一端與第2發熱體11連接；以及第2開放側可熔導體12b，使一端經由第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接，使另一端與第2發熱體11連接。 Further, the open circuit 10 includes a second heat generating body 11 that generates heat by a current flowing therethrough, and an open side fusible conductor 12 that is connected to the second heat generating body 11 and One end is connected to the power supply circuit 25 and the other end is connected to the second external circuit 24. In the first switching circuit 30 shown in FIG. 4(A), the open-side fusible conductor 12 includes a first open-side soluble conductor 12a, and one end thereof is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the third electrode 13, and the other end is connected. The second open-side fusible conductor 12b is connected to the second open-side fusible conductor 12b, and one end is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14, and the other end is connected to the second heat-generating body 11.
另外，開放電路10如圖4(B)所示，亦可僅包含第1開放側可熔導體12a。該情況下，第1開放側可熔導體12a的一端經由第3電極13而與電源電路25連接，另一端與第2發熱體11連接，且經由第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4(B), the open circuit 10 may include only the first open-side fusible conductor 12a. In this case, one end of the first open-side soluble conductor 12a is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the third electrode 13, and the other end is connected to the second heating element 11 and is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14. .
而且，第1切換電路30在第2發熱體11的一端經由第2發熱體電極15而連接著開關元件26，所述開關元件26接收切換信號而使電流從電源電路25向第2發熱體11通電。而且，第1切換電路30將短路電路1的第1發熱體電極7與連接端電極16加以連接，所述連接端電極16連接著開放電路10的第2發熱體11及開放側可熔導體12。 Further, the first switching circuit 30 is connected to the switching element 26 via the second heating element electrode 15 at one end of the second heating element 11, and the switching element 26 receives a switching signal to cause a current from the power supply circuit 25 to the second heating element 11 power ups. Further, the first switching circuit 30 connects the first heating element electrode 7 of the short circuit 1 and the connection terminal electrode 16, and the connection terminal electrode 16 is connected to the second heating element 11 and the open side fusible conductor 12 of the open circuit 10. .
開關元件26例如包含場效電晶體(FET)，藉由對閘極電壓進行控制，而控制電流路徑向第2發熱體11的導通及阻斷。 The switching element 26 includes, for example, a field effect transistor (FET), and controls the conduction and interruption of the current path to the second heating element 11 by controlling the gate voltage.
[第1切換電路的運作] [Operation of the first switching circuit]
具有此種構成的第1切換電路30在初始狀態下，如圖4(A)、圖4(B)所示，成為從電源電路25經由開放電路10而到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。此時，第1切換電路30藉由開關元件 26而限制對第2發熱體11的供電，而且，第1發熱體2的兩端為大致為相同電位，從而電流幾乎不會流向短路電路1。 In the initial state, the first switching circuit 30 having such a configuration becomes a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 via the open circuit 10 as shown in FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B). At this time, the first switching circuit 30 is provided by the switching element In addition, the power supply to the second heating element 11 is restricted, and both ends of the first heating element 2 have substantially the same potential, so that the current hardly flows to the short circuit 1.
若需要將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23，則對開關元件26輸出切換信號。開關元件26若接收到切換信號，則以對第2發熱體11供電的方式控制電流。藉此，第1切換電路30如圖5所示，開放電路10的第2發熱體11通電、發熱，開放側可熔導體12熔斷。因此，阻斷從電源電路25到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。 When it is necessary to switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23, a switching signal is output to the switching element 26. When the switching element 26 receives the switching signal, the switching element 26 controls the current so as to supply power to the second heating element 11. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the first switching circuit 30 energizes and heats the second heating element 11 of the open circuit 10, and the open-side soluble conductor 12 is blown. Therefore, the current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 is blocked.
於是，如圖6所示，來自電源電路25的電流經由第1電極5而流入短路電路1側，經由短路側可熔導體3、第1發熱體2及第1發熱體電極7而流向開放電路10及開關元件26側，藉此，第1切換電路30中，短路電路1的第1發熱體2通電、發熱，如圖7所示，短路側可熔導體3熔斷，並且藉由該熔融導體而第1電極5、第2電極6間短路，即開關4導通，從而構築從電源電路25到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑。 Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the current from the power supply circuit 25 flows into the short circuit 1 via the first electrode 5, and flows to the open circuit via the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3, the first heat-generating body 2, and the first heat-generating body electrode 7. 10 and the switching element 26 side, whereby the first heating element 2 of the short circuit 1 is energized and generates heat in the first switching circuit 30, and as shown in FIG. 7, the short-circuit-side fusible conductor 3 is blown, and the molten conductor is used. The short circuit between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6, that is, the switch 4 is turned on, and a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the first external circuit 23 is constructed.
另外，第2發熱體11藉由開放側可熔導體12與短路側可熔導體3雙方熔斷而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。而且，第1發熱體2藉由短路側可熔導體3熔斷而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。 Further, the second heating element 11 is blocked by both the open-side fusible conductor 12 and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3, and the power supply path is blocked, so that the heat generation is stopped. Further, the first heating element 2 is blown by the short-circuit-side fusible conductor 3 to block the power supply path, and thus the heat generation is stopped.
如此，根據第1切換電路30，藉由使開關元件26運作，可阻斷經由第3電極13、第4電極14而到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑，並且構築從電源電路25經由第1電極5、開關4、第2 電極6而到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑，從而將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 By operating the switching element 26, the current switching path to the second external circuit 24 via the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 can be blocked by the first switching circuit 30, and the first switching circuit 30 can be constructed from the power supply circuit 25 via the first Electrode 5, switch 4, 2nd The electrode 6 reaches the current path of the first external circuit 23, thereby switching the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23.
而且，根據第1切換電路30，藉由使開放側可熔導體12、短路側可熔導體3熔融，而不可逆地進行第3電極13、第4電極14間的阻斷及第1電極5、第2電極6間的短路。因此，比起藉由軟體等來電子性地切換的情況，可改善由誤動作引起的切換不良，而且可改善對由破解(cracking)等所致的不正當切換而言的薄弱性。 In the first switching circuit 30, the open-side soluble conductor 12 and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 are melted, and the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 are not irreversibly blocked and the first electrode 5 is Short circuit between the second electrodes 6. Therefore, compared with the case of electronically switching by software or the like, it is possible to improve the switching failure caused by the malfunction, and it is possible to improve the vulnerability to the fraudulent switching caused by cracking or the like.
[第1切換電路的安裝例] [Example of installation of the first switching circuit]
此種第1切換電路30如圖8所示，例如組裝在鋰離子二次電池的電池組40內的電路中使用。電池組40例如具有電池堆45，該電池堆45包含總計為4個的鋰離子二次電池的電池單元41~電池單元44。 As shown in FIG. 8, the first switching circuit 30 is used, for example, in a circuit incorporated in the battery pack 40 of a lithium ion secondary battery. The battery pack 40 has, for example, a battery stack 45 including battery cells 41 to 44 of a total of four lithium ion secondary batteries.
電池組40包括：電池堆45；充放電控制電路50，對電池堆45的充放電進行控制；短路元件21及開放元件22，構成在電池堆45異常時阻斷充電並且使電池堆45內的電能放熱的應用本發明的第1切換電路30；檢測電路46，對各電池單元41~電池單元44的電壓進行檢測；以及開關元件26，根據檢測電路46的檢測結果來對第1切換電路30的運作進行控制。 The battery pack 40 includes a battery stack 45, a charge and discharge control circuit 50 for controlling charging and discharging of the battery stack 45, and a short circuit member 21 and an open member 22, which are configured to block charging and cause the battery stack 45 to be in an abnormal state when the battery stack 45 is abnormal. The electric energy heat is applied to the first switching circuit 30 of the present invention; the detecting circuit 46 detects the voltage of each of the battery cells 41 to 44; and the switching element 26 detects the first switching circuit 30 based on the detection result of the detecting circuit 46. The operation is controlled.
電池堆45中串聯連接著電池單元41~電池單元44，該電池單元41~電池單元44需要進行控制以保護其不受到過充電及過放電狀態的影響，電池堆45經由電池組40的正極端子40a、 負極端子40b，可裝卸地連接於充電電路55，且施加有來自充電電路55的充電電壓。藉由充電電路55充電的電池組40，將正極端子40a、負極端子40b連接於利用電池而運作的電子機器，藉此可使該電子機器運作。 The battery unit 41 to the battery unit 44 are connected in series in the battery stack 45. The battery unit 41 to the battery unit 44 need to be controlled to protect them from overcharge and overdischarge conditions. The battery stack 45 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 40. 40a, The negative electrode terminal 40b is detachably connected to the charging circuit 55, and a charging voltage from the charging circuit 55 is applied. The positive electrode terminal 40a and the negative electrode terminal 40b are connected to an electronic device that operates using a battery by the battery pack 40 charged by the charging circuit 55, whereby the electronic device can be operated.
充放電控制電路50對串聯連接於電流路徑的2個電流控制元件51、電流控制元件52的運作進行控制，所述電流路徑從電池堆45朝向充電電路55。電流控制元件51、電流控制元件52例如包含場效電晶體(以下稱作FET)，藉由充放電控制電路50對閘極電壓進行控制，由此控制電池堆45的電流路徑的導通與阻斷。充放電控制電路50從充電電路55接收電力供給而運作，當根據檢測電路46的檢測結果，而電池堆45為過放電或過充電時，以阻斷電流路徑的方式，對電流控制元件51、電流控制元件52的運作進行控制。 The charge and discharge control circuit 50 controls the operation of the two current control elements 51 and the current control elements 52 connected in series to the current path from the battery stack 45 toward the charging circuit 55. The current control element 51 and the current control element 52 include, for example, a field effect transistor (hereinafter referred to as an FET), and the gate voltage is controlled by the charge and discharge control circuit 50, thereby controlling the conduction and blocking of the current path of the battery stack 45. . The charge and discharge control circuit 50 operates by receiving a power supply from the charging circuit 55. When the battery stack 45 is over-discharged or over-charged according to the detection result of the detection circuit 46, the current control element 51 is blocked in such a manner as to block the current path. The operation of current control element 52 is controlled.
短路元件21與電池堆45並聯連接，並且與保護電阻31串聯連接，所述保護電阻31用以使蓄積在電池堆45的電能放電至電池單元41~電池單元44的上限放電電流以下。藉此，第1切換電路30構成設置著短路元件21及保護電阻31的放電電路32。 The short-circuiting element 21 is connected in parallel with the battery stack 45, and is connected in series with a protection resistor 31 for discharging the electric energy accumulated in the battery stack 45 to below the upper limit discharge current of the battery unit 41 to the battery unit 44. Thereby, the first switching circuit 30 constitutes the discharge circuit 32 in which the short-circuiting element 21 and the protective resistor 31 are provided.
開放元件22連接於電池堆45與充電電路55之間的充放電電流電路33上，其運作藉由開關元件26而控制。 The open element 22 is connected to the charge and discharge current circuit 33 between the battery stack 45 and the charging circuit 55, and its operation is controlled by the switching element 26.
檢測電路46與各電池單元41~電池單元44連接，對各電池單元41~電池單元44的電壓值進行檢測，而將各電壓值供給 至充放電控制電路50。而且，檢測電路46在任一個電池單元41~電池單元44為過充電電壓時，輸出控制開關元件26的控制信號。 The detection circuit 46 is connected to each of the battery cells 41 to 44, and detects the voltage values of the battery cells 41 to 44, and supplies the voltage values. Up to the charge and discharge control circuit 50. Further, when any of the battery cells 41 to 44 is overcharged, the detection circuit 46 outputs a control signal for controlling the switching element 26.
開關元件26例如包含FET，當藉由從檢測電路46輸出的檢測信號，而電池單元41~電池單元44的電壓值為超過規定的過充電狀態的電壓時，使第1切換電路30運作，不依賴於電流控制元件51、電流控制元件52的開關運作而阻斷電池堆45的充放電電流電路33，並且進行控制，使得電池堆45的電流路徑從經由開放元件22的充放電電流電路33切換到經由短路元件21的放電電路32。 The switching element 26 includes, for example, an FET. When the voltage value of the battery cells 41 to 44 exceeds a predetermined overcharge state by the detection signal output from the detection circuit 46, the first switching circuit 30 operates. The charge and discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 is blocked depending on the switching operation of the current control element 51 and the current control element 52, and is controlled such that the current path of the battery stack 45 is switched from the charge and discharge current circuit 33 via the open element 22. To the discharge circuit 32 via the short-circuiting element 21.
具體而言，電池組40在藉由檢測電路46而在電池單元41~電池單元44中的任一個中檢測到異常電壓的情況下，對開關元件26輸出切換信號。開關元件26以對開放元件22的第2發熱體11通電的方式控制電池堆45的電流。藉此，第1切換電路30中，開放側可熔導體12熔斷，從而阻斷電池堆45的充放電電流電路33。進而，第1切換電路30使第1發熱體2通電，短路側可熔導體2熔斷，藉此第1電極5、第2電極6短路，將電池堆45的電流路徑切換到設置著保護電阻31的放電電路32側。 Specifically, when the abnormality voltage is detected in any of the battery cells 41 to 44 by the detection circuit 46, the battery pack 40 outputs a switching signal to the switching element 26. The switching element 26 controls the current of the battery stack 45 such that the second heating element 11 of the open element 22 is energized. Thereby, in the first switching circuit 30, the open-side fusible conductor 12 is blown, and the charge and discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 is blocked. Further, the first switching circuit 30 energizes the first heating element 2, and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 2 is blown, whereby the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited, and the current path of the battery stack 45 is switched to the protective resistor 31. The discharge circuit 32 side.
如此，裝入了第1切換電路30的電池組40阻斷發生了異常的電池堆45的充放電電流電路33，並且將儲存著相當於電池容量的大的電能的電池堆45的電流路徑切換到設置著保護電阻31的放電電路32。因此，電池組40在停止使用後，可使內部的 電池單元41~電池單元44放電直至下降到安全電壓為止。 In this manner, the battery pack 40 in which the first switching circuit 30 is incorporated blocks the charge/discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 in which the abnormality has occurred, and switches the current path of the battery stack 45 in which the large electric energy corresponding to the battery capacity is stored. The discharge circuit 32 is provided with a protection resistor 31. Therefore, the battery pack 40 can be internal after being stopped. The battery cells 41 to 44 are discharged until they fall to a safe voltage.
[內置保護元件] [Built-in protection component]
另外，第1切換電路30如圖8所示，除在放電電路32上設置保護電阻31外，如圖9所示，亦可在短路電路1中內置保護電阻31。該情況下，如圖10所示，無須在電池組40的放電電路32上設置保護電阻31。 Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the first switching circuit 30 may include a protective resistor 31 in the short circuit 1 as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, it is not necessary to provide the protective resistor 31 on the discharge circuit 32 of the battery pack 40.
[第2切換電路] [2nd switching circuit]
然後，對第2切換電路60進行說明。另外，以下的說明中，對與所述第1切換電路30相同的構成附上相同的符號並省略其詳細情況。第2切換電路60如圖11所示，包括：短路元件21，構成短路電路1，且連接於電源電路25及切換後通電的第1外部電路23；以及開放元件22，構成開放電路10，且連接於電源電路25及切換前通電的第2外部電路24。 Next, the second switching circuit 60 will be described. In the following description, the same components as those of the first switching circuit 30 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and their details are omitted. As shown in FIG. 11, the second switching circuit 60 includes a short-circuit element 21, a short-circuit circuit 1, a power supply circuit 25, and a first external circuit 23 that is energized after switching, and an open element 22, which constitutes an open circuit 10. It is connected to the power supply circuit 25 and the second external circuit 24 that is energized before switching.
第2切換電路60中，短路元件21與第1開關元件61連接，開放元件22與第2開關元件62連接。短路元件21藉由接收到切換信號的第1開關元件61，對第1發熱體2供電。而且，開放元件22藉由接收到切換信號的第2開關元件62對第2發熱體11供電。因此，根據第2切換電路60，可依照對第1開關元件61、第2開關元件62的切換信號的輸出順序，來改變利用短路元件21進行的短路與利用開放元件22進行的開放的順序。 In the second switching circuit 60, the short-circuit element 21 is connected to the first switching element 61, and the open element 22 is connected to the second switching element 62. The short-circuiting element 21 supplies power to the first heating element 2 by the first switching element 61 that receives the switching signal. Further, the open element 22 supplies power to the second heating element 11 by the second switching element 62 that receives the switching signal. Therefore, according to the second switching circuit 60, the order of the short circuit by the short-circuit element 21 and the opening by the open element 22 can be changed in accordance with the order of output of the switching signals of the first switching element 61 and the second switching element 62.
具體而言，第2切換電路60具有圖12(A)、圖12(B)所示的電路構成。短路電路1包括第1發熱體2、短路側可熔導體 3及開關4，藉由第1發熱體2發出的熱使短路側可熔導體3熔斷，藉由熔融導體使開關4短路。第2切換電路60中，短路電路1除將第1發熱體2經由第1發熱體電極7而與第1開關元件61連接外，為與第1切換電路30相同的構成。 Specifically, the second switching circuit 60 has the circuit configuration shown in FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B). The short circuit 1 includes a first heating element 2 and a short-circuit side fusible conductor 3 and the switch 4, the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 is blown by the heat generated by the first heat generating body 2, and the switch 4 is short-circuited by the molten conductor. In the second switching circuit 60, the short-circuiting circuit 1 has the same configuration as that of the first switching circuit 30 except that the first heating element 2 is connected to the first switching element 61 via the first heating element electrode 7.
而且，開放電路10包括第2發熱體11及開放側可熔導體12，藉由第2發熱體11發出的熱使開放側可熔導體12熔斷。第2切換電路60中，開放電路10除將第2發熱體11經由第2發熱體電極15而與第2開關元件62連接外，為與第1切換電路30相同的構成。 Further, the open circuit 10 includes the second heat generating body 11 and the open side soluble conductor 12, and the open side soluble conductor 12 is blown by the heat generated by the second heat generating body 11. In the second switching circuit 60, the open circuit 10 has the same configuration as the first switching circuit 30 except that the second heating element 11 is connected to the second switching element 62 via the second heating element electrode 15.
另外，圖12(A)所示的第2切換電路60中，開放側可熔導體12包括：第1開放側可熔導體12a，使一端經由第3電極13而與電源電路25連接，使另一端與第2發熱體11連接；第2開放側可熔導體12b，使一端經由第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接，使另一端與第2發熱體11連接。 Further, in the second switching circuit 60 shown in FIG. 12(A), the open-side fusible conductor 12 includes the first open-side fusible conductor 12a, and one end thereof is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the third electrode 13, so that the other One end is connected to the second heating element 11 , and the second open side fusible conductor 12 b is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14 and the other end to the second heating element 11 .
而且，切換電路60中，開放電路10如圖12(B)所示，亦可僅包含第1開放側可熔導體12a。該情況下，第1開放側可熔導體12a的一端經由第3電極13而與電源電路25連接，另一端經由第2發熱體11及第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接。 Further, in the switching circuit 60, as shown in FIG. 12(B), the open circuit 10 may include only the first open-side soluble conductor 12a. In this case, one end of the first open-side soluble conductor 12a is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the third electrode 13, and the other end is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the second heating element 11 and the fourth electrode 14.
[第2切換電路的運作] [Operation of the second switching circuit]
具有此種構成的第2切換電路60在初始狀態下，如圖12(A)、圖12(B)所示，構成從電源電路25經由開放電路10而到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。此時，短路電路1藉由第1開關元件61 來限制對第1發熱體2的供電，開關4斷開。而且，開放電路10藉由第2開關元件62來限制對第2發熱體11的供電。 In the initial state, the second switching circuit 60 having such a configuration forms a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 via the open circuit 10 as shown in FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B). At this time, the short circuit 1 is replaced by the first switching element 61. The power supply to the first heating element 2 is restricted, and the switch 4 is turned off. Further, the open circuit 10 restricts the supply of power to the second heating element 11 by the second switching element 62.
若需要將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23，則首先對第2開關元件62輸出切換信號。第2開關元件62若接收到切換信號，則以對第2發熱體11供電的方式控制電流。藉此，第2切換電路60中，開放電路10的第2發熱體11通電、發熱，開放側可熔導體12熔斷。因此，阻斷從電源電路25到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。 When it is necessary to switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23, the switching signal is first output to the second switching element 62. When receiving the switching signal, the second switching element 62 controls the current so as to supply power to the second heating element 11. As a result, in the second switching circuit 60, the second heating element 11 of the open circuit 10 is energized and generates heat, and the open-side soluble conductor 12 is blown. Therefore, the current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 is blocked.
然後，第2切換電路60對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號。第1開關元件61若接收到切換信號，則以對第1發熱體2供電的方式控制電流。藉此，第2切換電路60中，短路電路1的第1發熱體2通電、發熱，短路側可熔導體3熔斷，並且藉由該熔融導體而第1電極5、第2電極6間短路，即開關4導通，從而構築從電源電路25到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑。 Then, the second switching circuit 60 outputs a switching signal to the first switching element 61. When receiving the switching signal, the first switching element 61 controls the current so as to supply power to the first heating element 2. In the second switching circuit 60, the first heating element 2 of the short circuit 1 is energized and generates heat, and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 is blown, and the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited by the molten conductor. That is, the switch 4 is turned on to construct a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the first external circuit 23.
而且，第2切換電路60在需要將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23時，亦可首先對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號，構築從電源電路25到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑後，對第2開關元件62輸出切換信號，從而阻斷到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。藉此，電源電路25的電力不會中斷，從而可將電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 Further, when the second switching circuit 60 needs to switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23, it is also possible to first output a switching signal to the first switching element 61 and construct it from the power supply circuit 25. After the current path of the first external circuit 23, a switching signal is output to the second switching element 62, thereby blocking the current path to the second external circuit 24. Thereby, the power of the power supply circuit 25 is not interrupted, and the current path can be switched from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23.
另外，第2發熱體11中，藉由開放側可熔導體12熔斷 而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。而且，第1發熱體2藉由短路側可熔導體3熔斷而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。 Further, in the second heating element 11, the open side fusible conductor 12 is blown The power supply path is blocked, and the heat is stopped. Further, the first heating element 2 is blown by the short-circuit-side fusible conductor 3 to block the power supply path, and thus the heat generation is stopped.
如此，根據第2切換電路60，藉由使第1開關元件61、第2開關元件62運作，阻斷經由第3電極13、第4電極14而到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑，並且構築從電源電路25經由第1電極5、開關4、第2電極6而到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑，可將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 In the second switching circuit 60, the first switching element 61 and the second switching element 62 are operated, and the current path that reaches the first external circuit 23 via the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 is blocked and constructed. The current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the first external circuit 23 via the first electrode 5, the switch 4, and the second electrode 6 can switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23.
此時，第2切換電路60中，亦藉由使短路側可熔導體3、開放側可熔導體12熔融，而不可逆地進行第3電極13、第4電極14間的阻斷及第1電極5、第2電極6間的短路。因此，比起藉由軟體等來電子性地切換的情況，可改善由誤動作引起的切換不良，而且，可改善對由破解等所致的不正當切換而言的薄弱性。 At this time, in the second switching circuit 60, the short-circuit side soluble conductor 3 and the open-side soluble conductor 12 are also melted, and the blocking between the third electrode 13 and the fourth electrode 14 and the first electrode are irreversibly performed. 5. Short circuit between the second electrodes 6. Therefore, the switching failure caused by the malfunction can be improved compared to the case of electronically switching by software or the like, and the vulnerability to fraudulent switching due to cracking or the like can be improved.
而且，根據第2切換電路60，可依照對第1開關元件61、第2開關元件62的切換信號的輸出順序，來改變利用短路元件21進行的短路與利用開放元件22進行的開放的順序。 Further, according to the second switching circuit 60, the order of the short circuit by the short-circuit element 21 and the opening by the open element 22 can be changed in accordance with the output order of the switching signals of the first switching element 61 and the second switching element 62.
[第2切換電路的安裝例] [Example of installation of the second switching circuit]
此種第2切換電路60如圖13所示，例如組裝在鋰離子二次電池的電池組40內的電路中使用。該情況下，從檢測電路46對第2開關元件62及第1開關元件61依序輸出切換信號，藉此，首先，藉由開放元件22進行充放電電流電路33的阻斷，然後，藉由短路元件21進行放電電路32的短路。 As shown in FIG. 13, the second switching circuit 60 is used, for example, in a circuit incorporated in the battery pack 40 of a lithium ion secondary battery. In this case, the detection circuit 46 sequentially outputs the switching signal to the second switching element 62 and the first switching element 61. First, the charging/discharging current circuit 33 is blocked by the opening element 22, and then The short-circuiting element 21 performs a short circuit of the discharge circuit 32.
即，電池組40在藉由檢測電路46而在電池單元41~電池單元44中的任一個中檢測到異常電壓的情況下，首先對第2開關元件62輸出切換信號。第2開關元件62以對開放元件22的第2發熱體11通電的方式控制電池堆45的電流。藉此，第2切換電路60中，開放側可熔導體12熔斷，從而阻斷電池堆45的充放電電流電路33。若感測到充放電電流電路33的阻斷，則接下來由檢測電路46對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號。第1開關元件61以對短路元件21的第1發熱體2通電的方式控制電池堆45的電流。藉此，使第1發熱體2通電，短路側可熔導體3熔斷，藉此第1電極5、第2電極6短路，從而將電池堆45的電流路徑切換到設置著保護電阻31的放電電路32側。 In other words, when the abnormality voltage is detected in any of the battery cells 41 to 44 by the detection circuit 46, the battery pack 40 first outputs a switching signal to the second switching device 62. The second switching element 62 controls the current of the battery stack 45 so that the second heating element 11 of the open element 22 is energized. Thereby, in the second switching circuit 60, the open-side soluble conductor 12 is blown, and the charge and discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 is blocked. When the blocking of the charge and discharge current circuit 33 is sensed, the detection circuit 46 outputs a switching signal to the first switching element 61. The first switching element 61 controls the current of the battery stack 45 so that the first heating element 2 of the short-circuiting element 21 is energized. Thereby, the first heating element 2 is energized, and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 is blown, whereby the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited, thereby switching the current path of the battery stack 45 to the discharge circuit provided with the protective resistor 31. 32 sides.
如此，裝入著第2切換電路60的電池組40阻斷發生了異常的電池堆45的充放電電流電路33，並且將儲存著相當於電池容量的大的電能的電池堆45的電流路徑，切換到設置著保護電阻的放電電路32。因此，電池組40在停止使用後，可使內部的電池單元放電直至降低到安全電壓為止。 In this way, the battery pack 40 in which the second switching circuit 60 is mounted blocks the charge/discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 in which the abnormality has occurred, and the current path of the battery stack 45 in which the large electric energy corresponding to the battery capacity is stored is Switch to the discharge circuit 32 provided with the protection resistor. Therefore, after the battery pack 40 is stopped, the internal battery unit can be discharged until it is lowered to a safe voltage.
[內置保護元件] [Built-in protection component]
另外，第2切換電路60中，如圖13所示，除在放電電路32上設置保護電阻31外，如圖14所示，亦可在短路電路1中內置保護電阻31。該情況下，如圖15所示，無須在電池組40的放電電路32上設置保護電阻31。 Further, in the second switching circuit 60, as shown in FIG. 13, in addition to the protection resistor 31 provided in the discharge circuit 32, as shown in FIG. 14, the protection resistor 31 may be incorporated in the short circuit 1. In this case, as shown in FIG. 15, it is not necessary to provide the protective resistor 31 on the discharge circuit 32 of the battery pack 40.
[第3切換電路] [3rd switching circuit]
然後，對第3切換電路70進行說明。第3切換電路70如圖16(A)、圖16(B)所示，具有與所述短路電路1相同功能的短路部71、及具有與所述開放電路10相同功能的開放部72一體地形成。 Next, the third switching circuit 70 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 16(A) and 16(B), the third switching circuit 70 has a short-circuit portion 71 having the same function as the short-circuit circuit 1 and an open portion 72 having the same function as the open circuit 10. form.
短路部71包括：第1發熱體2；短路側可熔導體3，一端與第1發熱體2連接、另一端與第1外部電路23連接；以及開關4，一端與短路側可熔導體3連接並且與第1外部電路23連接，另一端與電源電路25連接。 The short-circuit portion 71 includes a first heat-generating body 2 and a short-circuit-side meltable conductor 3, one end of which is connected to the first heat-generating body 2, the other end of which is connected to the first external circuit 23, and the switch 4 whose one end is connected to the short-circuit-side meltable conductor 3. The other end is connected to the first external circuit 23, and the other end is connected to the power supply circuit 25.
開放部72包括：第2發熱體11；以及開放側可熔導體12，與第2發熱體11連接並且一端與開關4的另一端及電源電路25連接，另一端與第2外部電路24連接。 The open portion 72 includes a second heat generating body 11 and an open side fusible conductor 12 connected to the second heat generating body 11 and having one end connected to the other end of the switch 4 and the power supply circuit 25, and the other end connected to the second external circuit 24.
短路部71中，第1發熱體2經由第1發熱體電極7而與第1開關元件61連接。而且，短路部71中，開關4經由第1電極5而與第1外部電路23連接，經由第2電極6而與電源電路25連接。另外，第2電極6亦與設置於開放部72的開放側可熔導體12的一端側連接。 In the short-circuit portion 71, the first heating element 2 is connected to the first switching element 61 via the first heating element electrode 7. Further, in the short-circuit portion 71, the switch 4 is connected to the first external circuit 23 via the first electrode 5, and is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the second electrode 6. Further, the second electrode 6 is also connected to one end side of the open-side soluble conductor 12 provided in the open portion 72.
開放部72中，第2發熱體11經由第2發熱體電極15而與第2開關元件62連接。而且，開放部72中，開放側可熔導體12經由第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接，經由第2電極6而與電源電路25連接。在圖16(A)所示的第3切換電路70中，開放側可熔導體12包括：第1開放側可熔導體12a，使一端經由第4電極14而與第2外部電路24連接，使另一端與第2發熱體 11連接；以及第2開放側可熔導體12b，使一端經由第2電極6而與電源電路25連接，使另一端與第2發熱體11連接。 In the opening portion 72, the second heating element 11 is connected to the second switching element 62 via the second heating element electrode 15. Further, in the open portion 72, the open-side soluble conductor 12 is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14, and is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the second electrode 6. In the third switching circuit 70 shown in FIG. 16A, the open-side fusible conductor 12 includes a first open-side soluble conductor 12a, and one end thereof is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14. The other end and the second heating element 11 and the second open-side fusible conductor 12b are connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the second electrode 6, and the other end is connected to the second heating element 11.
另外，開放部72如圖16(B)所示，亦可僅包含第1開放側可熔導體12a。該情況下，第1開放側可熔導體12a的一端經由第2電極6而與電源電路25連接，另一端與第2發熱體11連接，且經由第4電極14而連接於第2外部電路24。 Further, as shown in FIG. 16(B), the opening portion 72 may include only the first open-side fusible conductor 12a. In this case, one end of the first open-side soluble conductor 12a is connected to the power supply circuit 25 via the second electrode 6, and the other end is connected to the second heating element 11 and is connected to the second external circuit 24 via the fourth electrode 14. .
[第3切換電路的運作] [Operation of the third switching circuit]
具有此種構成的第3切換電路70在初始狀態下，如圖16(A)、圖16(B)所示，構成從電源電路25經由開放部72而到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。此時，短路部71藉由第1開關元件61來限制對第1發熱體2的供電，開關4斷開。而且，開放部72藉由第2開關元件62來限制對第2發熱體11的供電。 In the initial state, the third switching circuit 70 having such a configuration forms a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 via the open portion 72 as shown in FIGS. 16(A) and 16(B). At this time, the short-circuit portion 71 restricts the supply of power to the first heating element 2 by the first switching element 61, and the switch 4 is turned off. Further, the opening portion 72 restricts the supply of power to the second heating element 11 by the second switching element 62.
若需要將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23，則首先對第2開關元件62輸出切換信號。第2開關元件62若接收到切換信號，則以對第2發熱體11供電的方式控制電流。藉此，第3切換電路70中，開放部72的第2發熱體11通電、發熱，開放側可熔導體12熔斷。因此，阻斷從電源電路25到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。 When it is necessary to switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23, the switching signal is first output to the second switching element 62. When receiving the switching signal, the second switching element 62 controls the current so as to supply power to the second heating element 11. As a result, in the third switching circuit 70, the second heating element 11 of the opening portion 72 is energized and generates heat, and the open-side fusible conductor 12 is blown. Therefore, the current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the second external circuit 24 is blocked.
然後，第3切換電路70對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號。第1開關元件61若接收到切換信號，則以對第1發熱體2供電的方式控制電流。藉此，第3切換電路70中，短路部71的第1發熱體2通電、發熱，短路側可熔導體3熔斷，並且藉由該熔融 導體而第1電極5、第2電極6間短路，即開關4導通，從而構築從電源電路25到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑。 Then, the third switching circuit 70 outputs a switching signal to the first switching element 61. When receiving the switching signal, the first switching element 61 controls the current so as to supply power to the first heating element 2. As a result, in the third switching circuit 70, the first heating element 2 of the short-circuit portion 71 is energized and generates heat, and the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 is blown, and by the melting The conductor is short-circuited between the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6, that is, the switch 4 is turned on, thereby constructing a current path from the power supply circuit 25 to the first external circuit 23.
而且，第3切換電路70在需要將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23時，亦可首先對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號，構築從電源電路25到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑後，對第2開關元件62輸出切換信號，從而阻斷到達第2外部電路24的電流路徑。藉此，電源電路25的電力不會中斷，從而可將電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 Further, when the third switching circuit 70 needs to switch the current path of the power supply circuit 25 from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23, it is also possible to first output a switching signal to the first switching element 61 and construct it from the power supply circuit 25. After the current path of the first external circuit 23, a switching signal is output to the second switching element 62, thereby blocking the current path to the second external circuit 24. Thereby, the power of the power supply circuit 25 is not interrupted, and the current path can be switched from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23.
另外，第2發熱體11藉由開放側可熔導體12熔斷，而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。而且，第1發熱體2藉由短路側可熔導體3熔斷，而阻斷供電路徑，因而發熱停止。 Further, the second heating element 11 is blown by the open-side fusible conductor 12, and the power supply path is blocked, so that the heat generation is stopped. Further, the first heating element 2 is blown by the short-circuit side fusible conductor 3, and the power supply path is blocked, so that the heat generation is stopped.
如此，根據第3切換電路70，藉由使第1開關元件61、第2開關元件62運作，而阻斷經由第2電極6、第4電極14到達第1外部電路24的電流路徑，並且構築從電源電路25經由第2電極6、開關4、第1電極5而到達第1外部電路23的電流路徑，從而可將電源電路25的電流路徑從第2外部電路24切換到第1外部電路23。 In the third switching circuit 70, the first switching element 61 and the second switching element 62 are operated to block the current path that has passed through the second electrode 6 and the fourth electrode 14 to the first external circuit 24, and to construct The current path of the first external circuit 23 is reached from the power supply circuit 25 via the second electrode 6, the switch 4, and the first electrode 5, so that the current path of the power supply circuit 25 can be switched from the second external circuit 24 to the first external circuit 23. .
此時，第3切換電路70中，亦可藉由使短路側可熔導體3、開放側可熔導體12熔融而不可逆地進行第2電極6、第4電極14間的阻斷及第1電極5、第2電極6間的短路。因此，比起藉由軟體來電子性地切換的情況，可改善由誤動作引起的切換 不良，而且可改善對由破解等所致的不正當切換而言的薄弱性。 At this time, in the third switching circuit 70, the short-circuit side soluble conductor 3 and the open-side soluble conductor 12 can be melted, and the blocking between the second electrode 6 and the fourth electrode 14 and the first electrode can be performed irreversibly. 5. Short circuit between the second electrodes 6. Therefore, the switching caused by the malfunction can be improved compared to the case of electronically switching by software. Poor, and can improve the vulnerability to improper switching caused by cracking or the like.
而且，根據第3切換電路70，可依照對第1開關元件61、第2開關元件62的切換信號的輸出順序，來改變利用短路元件21進行的短路與利用開放元件22進行的開放的順序。 Further, according to the third switching circuit 70, the order of the short circuit by the short-circuit element 21 and the opening by the open element 22 can be changed in accordance with the output order of the switching signals of the first switching element 61 and the second switching element 62.
[第3切換電路的安裝例] [Example of installation of the third switching circuit]
此種第3切換電路70如圖17所示，例如組裝在鋰離子二次電池的電池組40內的電路中使用。該情況下，第1開關元件61將切換電路70的第1發熱體電極7與電池堆45的正(+)側端子之間加以連接。而且，第2開關元件62將切換電路70的第2發熱體電極15與電池堆45的負(-)側端子之間加以連接。而且，切換電路70中，與電池堆45的-側端子連接的第1電極5設為-電位，與電池堆45的+側端子連接的第2電極6設為+電位，與第1開關元件61連接的第1發熱體電極7設為+電位。而且，切換電路70中，與充放電電流電路33連接的第4電極14設為+電位，與第2開關元件62連接的第2發熱體電極15設為-電位。 As shown in FIG. 17, the third switching circuit 70 is used, for example, in a circuit incorporated in the battery pack 40 of a lithium ion secondary battery. In this case, the first switching element 61 connects the first heating element electrode 7 of the switching circuit 70 and the positive (+) side terminal of the battery stack 45. Further, the second switching element 62 connects the second heat generating body electrode 15 of the switching circuit 70 and the negative (-) side terminal of the battery stack 45. Further, in the switching circuit 70, the first electrode 5 connected to the -side terminal of the battery stack 45 is set to the -potential, and the second electrode 6 connected to the +side terminal of the battery stack 45 is set to the + potential, and the first switching element The first heating element electrode 7 connected to 61 is set to a + potential. In the switching circuit 70, the fourth electrode 14 connected to the charge/discharge current circuit 33 is set to the + potential, and the second heat generating body electrode 15 connected to the second switching element 62 is set to the - potential.
電池組40在電池單元41~電池單元44中的任一個中檢測到電壓異常時，從檢測電路46依序對第2開關元件62及第1開關元件61輸出切換信號，藉此，首先，藉由開放部72進行充放電電流電路33的阻斷，然後，藉由短路部71進行放電電路32的短路。 When the battery unit 40 detects a voltage abnormality in any of the battery unit 41 to the battery unit 44, the detection circuit 46 sequentially outputs a switching signal to the second switching element 62 and the first switching element 61, thereby first borrowing The charge/discharge current circuit 33 is blocked by the open portion 72, and then the short circuit portion 71 short-circuits the discharge circuit 32.
即，電池組40在藉由檢測電路46而在電池單元41~電池單元44中的任一個中檢測到異常電壓的情況下，首先對第2開 關元件62輸出切換信號。第2開關元件62以對開放部72的第2發熱體11通電的方式控制電池堆45的電流。藉此，第3切換電路70中，開放側可熔導體12熔斷，阻斷電池堆45的充放電電流電路33。若感測到充放電電流電路33的阻斷，則接下來由檢測電路46對第1開關元件61輸出切換信號。第1開關元件61以對短路部71的第1發熱體2通電的方式，來控制電池堆45的電流。藉此，使第1發熱體2通電，短路側可熔導體2熔斷，從而第1電極5、第2電極6短路，將電池堆45的電流路徑切換到設置著保護電阻31的放電電路32側。 That is, in the case where the battery unit 40 detects an abnormal voltage in any of the battery unit 41 to the battery unit 44 by the detecting circuit 46, the second opening is first performed. The off element 62 outputs a switching signal. The second switching element 62 controls the current of the battery stack 45 so that the second heating element 11 of the opening portion 72 is energized. Thereby, in the third switching circuit 70, the open-side fusible conductor 12 is blown, and the charge and discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 is blocked. When the blocking of the charge and discharge current circuit 33 is sensed, the detection circuit 46 outputs a switching signal to the first switching element 61. The first switching element 61 controls the current of the battery stack 45 so that the first heating element 2 of the short-circuit portion 71 is energized. Thereby, the first heating element 2 is energized, the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 2 is blown, and the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6 are short-circuited, and the current path of the battery stack 45 is switched to the discharge circuit 32 side where the protective resistor 31 is provided. .
如此，裝入著第3切換電路70的電池組40阻斷發生了異常的電池堆45的充放電電流電路33，並且將儲存著相當於電池容量的大的電能的電池堆45的電流路徑切換到設置著保護電阻的放電電路32。因此，電池組40在停止使用後，可使內部的電池單元放電直至降低到安全電壓為止。 In this manner, the battery pack 40 in which the third switching circuit 70 is mounted blocks the charge/discharge current circuit 33 of the battery stack 45 in which the abnormality has occurred, and switches the current path of the battery stack 45 in which the large electric energy corresponding to the battery capacity is stored. The discharge circuit 32 is provided with a protection resistor. Therefore, after the battery pack 40 is stopped, the internal battery unit can be discharged until it is lowered to a safe voltage.
[內置保護元件] [Built-in protection component]
另外，第3切換電路70中，如圖17所示，除在放電電路32上設置保護電阻31外，如圖18所示，亦可在短路部71中內置保護電阻31。該情況下，如圖19所示，無須在電池組40的放電電路32上設置保護電阻31。 Further, in the third switching circuit 70, as shown in FIG. 17, in addition to the protection resistor 31 provided in the discharge circuit 32, as shown in FIG. 18, the protection resistor 31 may be incorporated in the short-circuit portion 71. In this case, as shown in FIG. 19, it is not necessary to provide the protective resistor 31 on the discharge circuit 32 of the battery pack 40.
[產業上之可利用性] [Industrial availability]
根據本發明，藉由將第1外部電路23設為發光電路、發音電路、伴隨電子信號產生的電路等，而可應用於如下具警報 功能的開放電路，即，將開放電路10或者開放部72運作的狀態作為警報而告知外部。 According to the present invention, the first external circuit 23 can be applied to the following alarms by using a light-emitting circuit, a sounding circuit, a circuit generated by an electronic signal, or the like. The open circuit of the function, that is, the state in which the open circuit 10 or the open portion 72 operates is notified to the outside as an alarm.
而且，根據本發明，亦可作為各種裝置或軟體的激活用的電路而加以應用。例如，將第1外部電路23作為各種裝置或軟體的功能電路，將第2外部電路24作為限制了該一部分功能的電路而構成，在初始設定中，連接著被限制了功能的第2外部電路24。在用戶辦理許可證協議(license agreement)手續，並進行該裝置的激活的情況下，切換為作為裝置的功能電路的第1外部電路23。 Moreover, according to the present invention, it can also be applied as a circuit for activating various devices or software. For example, the first external circuit 23 is a functional circuit of various devices or software, and the second external circuit 24 is configured as a circuit that limits the functions of the part. In the initial setting, the second external circuit whose function is restricted is connected. twenty four. When the user goes through the license agreement procedure and activates the device, the user switches to the first external circuit 23 which is the functional circuit of the device.
而且，根據本發明，可作為保護資料庫的資訊的資訊安全電路而加以應用。例如，將第2外部電路24作為與資料庫連接的功能電路，將第1外部電路23作為與該資料庫切斷的電路而構成，在初始設定中，可經由第2外部電路24對資料庫進行存取。在感測到駭侵或破解的情況下，為了保護資料庫內的資訊，而切換到與資料庫切斷的第1外部電路23。 Moreover, according to the present invention, it can be applied as an information security circuit for protecting information of a database. For example, the second external circuit 24 is configured as a functional circuit connected to the database, and the first external circuit 23 is configured as a circuit that is disconnected from the database. In the initial setting, the database can be accessed via the second external circuit 24. Access. In the case where the intrusion or the crack is sensed, in order to protect the information in the database, the first external circuit 23 disconnected from the database is switched.
本發明中，因藉由短路側可熔導體3及開放側可熔導體12的熔斷來進行對功能電路的切換，故可物理性地、不可逆地控制功能的切換。因此，與藉由軟體來電子性地切換電路的情況不同，可改善由誤動作引起的切換不良，或者可改善對由駭侵、破解等所致的不正當切換而言的薄弱性。 In the present invention, since the switching of the functional circuit is performed by the blowing of the short-circuit-side soluble conductor 3 and the open-side fusible conductor 12, the switching of the function can be controlled physically and irreversibly. Therefore, unlike the case where the circuit is electronically switched by the software, it is possible to improve the switching failure caused by the malfunction or to improve the vulnerability to the fraudulent switching due to tampering, cracking, or the like.
21‧‧‧短路元件 21‧‧‧Short-circuit components
22‧‧‧開放元件 22‧‧‧Open components
23‧‧‧第1外部電路 23‧‧‧1st external circuit
24‧‧‧第2外部電路 24‧‧‧2nd external circuit
25‧‧‧電源電路 25‧‧‧Power circuit
26‧‧‧開關元件 26‧‧‧Switching elements
30‧‧‧第1切換電路 30‧‧‧1st switching circuit
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013188804A JP6196856B2 (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2013-09-11 | Switching circuit |
| JP2013-188804 | 2013-09-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201517107A true TW201517107A (en) | 2015-05-01 |
| TWI653654B TWI653654B (en) | 2019-03-11 |
Family
ID=52665342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW103131203A TWI653654B (en) | 2013-09-11 | 2014-09-10 | Switching circuit |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6196856B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102180652B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105531895B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI653654B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015037210A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106208186B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2019-08-30 | 陈葆萱 | Secondary battery pack and protection element therefor |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201740417A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-16 | Pao-Hsuan Chen | Switching device including an insulative housing, a plurality of terminal electrodes, a first overcurrent protection device, and a first heat generating component |
| CN107578739A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 惠科股份有限公司 | Protection circuit and display device |
| CN110828254B (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2022-11-25 | 聚鼎科技股份有限公司 | Protective element |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1066251A (en) * | 1996-08-13 | 1998-03-06 | Sony Corp | Protective device for secondary battery |
| JP3618635B2 (en) * | 2000-04-25 | 2005-02-09 | 内橋エステック株式会社 | Battery protector |
| JP2004185960A (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2004-07-02 | Kamaya Denki Kk | Circuit protection element and its manufacturing method |
| JP2004311350A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Battery apparatus and portable apparatus |
| KR20060050897A (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-05-19 | 후루카와 덴키 고교 가부시키가이샤 | Protective parts, protective device, battery pack and portable electronic equipment |
| JP4909569B2 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2012-04-04 | Ｎｅｃエナジーデバイス株式会社 | Battery pack |
| JP5072796B2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2012-11-14 | ソニーケミカル＆インフォメーションデバイス株式会社 | Protection element and secondary battery device |
| JP5656466B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2015-01-21 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protective element and method of manufacturing protective element |
| CN102377237B (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2014-01-01 | 南京普天大唐信息电子有限公司 | Solar energy and mains supply complementary controller |
| CN103166170B (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2015-11-11 | 统达能源股份有限公司 | Short circuit arrangement for detecting and method for detecting thereof |
| WO2014123139A1 (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Short-circuit element and circuit using same |
-
2013
- 2013-09-11 JP JP2013188804A patent/JP6196856B2/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-02 KR KR1020167006387A patent/KR102180652B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-02 CN CN201480049871.0A patent/CN105531895B/en active Active
- 2014-09-02 WO PCT/JP2014/004503 patent/WO2015037210A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-09-10 TW TW103131203A patent/TWI653654B/en active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106208186B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2019-08-30 | 陈葆萱 | Secondary battery pack and protection element therefor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6196856B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
| WO2015037210A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
| JP2015056960A (en) | 2015-03-23 |
| KR102180652B1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
| KR20160055148A (en) | 2016-05-17 |
| CN105531895B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
| TWI653654B (en) | 2019-03-11 |
| CN105531895A (en) | 2016-04-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5025160B2 (en) | Secondary battery device | |
| JP5209122B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for protecting battery pack by sensing destruction of sense resistor | |
| TWI538343B (en) | Charge and discharge control devices, battery packs, electrical equipment, and charge and discharge control methods | |
| TWI688182B (en) | Battery pack, battery system and discharge method | |
| KR100485752B1 (en) | Secondary Battery Protection Device | |
| EP1083619B1 (en) | Battery pack | |
| JP5053337B2 (en) | Protection element and protection system for storage battery | |
| JP6615457B2 (en) | Secondary battery protection with permanent deactivation | |
| TWI625910B (en) | Protection circuit and battery pack of lithium ion secondary battery | |
| JP6347967B2 (en) | Battery protection circuit and battery pack | |
| TWI543224B (en) | Protection element | |
| JPH10136576A (en) | Protection device of secondary battery | |
| TWI653654B (en) | Switching circuit | |
| CN104377754A (en) | Battery management system with field-effect tube temperature detection function | |
| CN204103552U (en) | There is the battery management system of field effect transistor temperature detection | |
| KR102246181B1 (en) | Battery overcharge protection apparatus | |
| JP3471720B2 (en) | Secondary battery protection device and battery pack | |
| TW201528635A (en) | Protection circuit and battery set | |
| KR100614392B1 (en) | battery pack | |
| JP2022542721A (en) | Battery protection circuit, battery management system, battery device and control method thereof | |
| JP2018129116A (en) | Battery pack |