TW201513986A - Processing method to increase mold releasing effect by utilizing copolymer film - Google Patents
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本發明係一種利用共聚物薄膜提昇脫模效果之處理方法，尤指將一過氟烷基化物與一強化材料所形成之脫模劑塗佈於模具上，並經由烘烤，以在模具中形成一共聚物薄膜之處理方法。 The invention relates to a treatment method for improving the demolding effect by using a copolymer film, in particular to coating a release agent formed by a perfluoroalkylate with a reinforcing material on a mold and baking it in the mold. A method of forming a copolymer film.
按，複合材料係一種將兩種以上的原料(如：金屬、陶瓷、高分子)結合而成一體之材料，由於其具有耐高溫、高強度、高硬度、重量輕、耐腐蝕等特性，故近年來受到各行各業之青睞，而被大量運用在航空領域、醫療領域、運動器材領域及工業生產設備領域等不同層面上。 According to the composite material, a material which combines two or more kinds of raw materials (such as metal, ceramic, polymer) into one body, because of its high temperature resistance, high strength, high hardness, light weight, corrosion resistance and the like, In recent years, it has been favored by all walks of life, and has been widely used in various fields such as aviation, medical, sports equipment and industrial production equipment.
複合材料共包括兩個部份：基材(matrix)及強化材(reinforcement)，強化材多以顆粒、薄片、短纖維以及連續纖維的形式散佈在基材內，且具有高剛性及高強度之物理特性，其中，又以纖維狀的強化材最為普遍，但由於纖維狀之強化材無法承擔軸向的壓力，故在無保護的狀況下，纖維的表面很容易受到環境化學成分之侵蝕，而在表面產生缺陷，因此，強化材尚必須與基材相結合，始能形成一穩固耐用之結構。 The composite material consists of two parts: matrix and reinforcement. The reinforcement is mostly dispersed in the substrate in the form of particles, flakes, short fibers and continuous fibers, and has high rigidity and high strength. Physical properties, in which fibrous reinforcing materials are most common, but because fibrous reinforcing materials cannot bear axial pressure, the surface of the fibers is easily corroded by environmental chemical components without protection. Defects are formed on the surface. Therefore, the reinforcing material must be combined with the substrate to form a stable and durable structure.
常用的基材包括各種熱固性與熱塑性高分子材料前者包括不飽和聚酯樹脂(unsaturate dpolyester)、環氧樹脂(epoxy)、酚醛樹脂(phenolic)等，後者則包括聚丙烯(PP)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、尼龍(nylon)等。所謂的熱固性，是指高分子一旦聚合成型後，由於高分子間具有程度不等的連結(cross-linking)，故加溫將無法使其熔化，而只會促使其分解；至於熱塑性基材，是指高分子一旦聚合成型後，由於高分子的分子形狀是偏向線性，且高分子間係以強度較弱的二次鍵鍵結，容許高分子間作相對之滑動，因此加溫能使其熔化流動。 Commonly used substrates include various thermosetting and thermoplastic polymer materials, including unsaturated polyester resins (unsaturate dpolyesters, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, etc., the latter including polypropylene (PP), polyether ethers. Ketone (PEEK), nylon (nylon), and the like. The term "thermosetting property" means that once the polymer is polymerized and formed, the polymer has a degree of cross-linking, so heating does not melt it, but only causes it to decompose; as for the thermoplastic substrate, It means that once the polymer is polymerized, the molecular shape of the polymer is linear, and the polymer is weakly bonded to the secondary bond, allowing the polymer to slide relative to each other. Therefore, heating can make it Melt the flow.
一般言，業者多會透過一「疊貼程序」，將複數層複合材料 結合成一體，疊貼程序的作法不一，常見的作法包括：手積層塗布及噴布法(hand lay-up and spray placement technique)、自動化纖維置放法(automatic fiber place-ment technique)、預浸布積層成形(pre-impregnated tape laying method)、樹脂轉注成形(resin transfer molding,RTM)等，然而，無論使用何種方式，業者在執行該疊貼程序前，皆需先在一模具內塗佈一脫模劑(又稱離型劑)，如此，在疊貼程序完成後，業者始能順利地將該等複合材料所形成的一複合成品由該模具中取出，而不至於發生沾粘的問題。惟，過去使用的脫模劑，在疊貼程序完成後，雖然能使複合成品順利地由模具中取出，但複合成品上卻會沾附到部份的脫模劑，因此，在取出該複合成品後，業者尚須對該複合成品進行打磨，始能清除沾粘於該複合成品上之脫模劑，如此一來，不僅會大幅拖延生產流程，且亦會影響到複合成品的品質與良率。 In general, the industry will use multiple layers of composite materials through a "stacking procedure". Incorporating into one, the stacking procedure is different. Common methods include: hand lay-up and spray placement technique, automatic fiber place-ment technique, pre- Pre-impregnated tape laying method, resin transfer molding (RTM), etc. However, regardless of the method used, the manufacturer must first coat the mold before performing the stacking process. Cloth-release agent (also known as release agent), so after the completion of the stacking process, the manufacturer can smoothly remove a composite product formed by the composite materials from the mold without sticking The problem. However, in the past, the release agent used in the past, after the completion of the stacking process, allows the composite product to be smoothly taken out of the mold, but the composite product is adhered to a part of the release agent, and therefore, the composite is taken out. After the finished product, the manufacturer still needs to polish the composite product to remove the release agent adhering to the composite product. This will not only greatly delay the production process, but also affect the quality and good quality of the composite product. rate.
因此，發明人乃思及，是否能對習知的脫模劑進行改良？以使業者在進行複合材料的疊貼程序時，能透過一薄膜隔絕該複合材料與模具，以在完成該疊貼程序後，業者能輕易地將該複合成品由模具中取出，並無須再次噴塗脫模劑，而可直接進行下一次的疊貼程序，故如何對脫模劑及習知的處理方式進行改良，以解決前述的諸多問題，即成為本發明在此即欲解決的重要問題。 Therefore, the inventor thought, can the improvement of the conventional release agent be improved? In order to enable the manufacturer to carry out the stacking process of the composite material, the composite material and the mold can be insulated through a film, so that after the stacking process is completed, the manufacturer can easily take the composite product out of the mold without having to spray again. The release agent can be directly subjected to the next lamination process, so how to improve the release agent and the conventional treatment method to solve the above-mentioned problems is an important problem to be solved by the present invention.
有鑑於習知的脫模劑會沾附於複合材料之成品上，造成業者在每次進行疊貼程序的前後，皆必須再次噴塗脫模劑、並對複合成品進行打磨的問題，發明人憑藉著多年來的實務經驗及專業知識，經過多次的實驗測試後，終於設計出一種利用共聚物薄膜提昇脫模效果之處理方法，期能改善習知技術的諸多問題。 In view of the fact that the conventional release agent adheres to the finished product of the composite material, the inventor must re-spray the release agent and polish the composite product before and after each stacking process. After years of practical experience and professional knowledge, after many experimental tests, I finally designed a treatment method that uses the copolymer film to improve the release effect, which can improve many problems of the conventional technology.
本發明之一目的，係提供一種利用共聚物薄膜提昇脫模效果之處理方法，該處理方法係應用於一模具上，且包括下列步驟：將一過氟烷基化物(Polyfluoroalkoxy)與一強化材料混合成一脫模劑；將該脫模劑塗佈於該模具中一容置槽之內壁面；對該模具進行烘烤，以使該脫模劑能在該容置槽之內壁面上形成一層共聚物薄膜；將複數層複合材料依序放置 於該容置槽中，並進行一疊貼程序(lay up，又稱鋪層)，使該等複合材料能結合成一複合成品(例如：手機機殼、航空材料等)。如此，利用該過氟烷基化物與強化材料所形成形成之共聚物薄膜所具備之高抗磨、高抗沾粘及低摩擦特性，即能確保業者將該複合成品由該容置槽中取出時，該共聚物薄膜完全不會沾粘於該複合成品上，且該共聚物薄膜仍能完全地保留於該容置槽中，以供後續再次利用，有效地節省了生產流程與人力成本。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a treatment method for improving the release effect by using a copolymer film, which is applied to a mold and comprising the steps of: a polyfluoroalkoxy and a reinforcing material. Mixing into a mold release agent; applying the mold release agent to the inner wall surface of a receiving groove of the mold; baking the mold to enable the mold release agent to form a layer on the inner wall surface of the receiving groove Copolymer film; placing multiple layers of composite material in sequence In the accommodating groove, a stacking process (also referred to as layup) is performed to enable the composite materials to be combined into a composite product (for example, a mobile phone case, an aerospace material, etc.). Thus, the high abrasion resistance, high anti-sticking property and low friction property of the copolymer film formed by using the perfluoroalkylate and the reinforcing material can ensure that the composite product is taken out from the accommodating tank. When the copolymer film is not adhered to the composite product at all, the copolymer film can be completely retained in the accommodating groove for subsequent reuse, which effectively saves the production process and labor cost.
本發明之另一目的，乃可將一平坦劑、一密著劑及一四氟乙烯混合成一底層脫模劑，且將前述之脫模劑作為一表層脫模劑，以藉由該底層脫模劑之特性，增加該共聚物薄膜與該模具間的結合鍵結力，並提昇該共聚物薄膜表面的平滑性。 Another object of the present invention is to mix a flat agent, a sealant and tetrafluoroethylene into a bottom release agent, and use the above release agent as a surface release agent to take off the bottom layer. The characteristics of the molding agent increase the bonding bonding force between the copolymer film and the mold, and improve the smoothness of the surface of the copolymer film.
為便 貴審查委員能對本發明之技術原理、步驟流程及其目的有更進一步的認識與理解，茲舉實施例配合圖式，詳細說明如下。 For the sake of the review, the reviewer can further understand and understand the technical principle, the flow of the steps and the purpose thereof, and the embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
〔習知〕 [study]
無 no
〔本發明〕 〔this invention〕
1、3‧‧‧模具 1, 3‧‧‧ mould
10‧‧‧容置槽 10‧‧‧ accommodating slots
11‧‧‧共聚物薄膜 11‧‧‧Copolymer film
31‧‧‧底層脫模劑 31‧‧‧Bottom release agent
32‧‧‧表層脫模劑 32‧‧‧Surface release agent
M‧‧‧複合材料 M‧‧‧ composite materials
第1圖係本發明之處理方法之第一較佳實施例示意圖；第2圖係本發明之處理方法之第一較佳實施例流程圖；及第3圖係本發明之處理方法之第二較佳實施例示意圖。 1 is a schematic view of a first preferred embodiment of the processing method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a first preferred embodiment of the processing method of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a second processing method of the present invention. A schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment.
本發明係一種利用共聚物薄膜提昇脫模效果之處理方法，主要係應用於複合材料之疊貼程序上，令複數層複合材料經由疊貼程序，結合成一複合成品後，該複合成品能順利地由該模具中取出，而不至於與模具相互沾粘。由於，根據不同的複合材料及應用領域的差異，業者可自行選擇疊貼程序的不同的實施方式，且本發明之技術重點，係在於脫模的處理，而非改良疊貼程序，故在後文中即不另行詳述該疊貼程序的細部步驟，合先陳明。 The invention relates to a treatment method for improving the demolding effect by using a copolymer film, which is mainly applied to a stacking process of a composite material, so that the composite layer can be smoothly assembled after the composite layer is combined into a composite product through a stacking process. It is taken out of the mold without being stuck to the mold. Since, according to different composite materials and application fields, the operator can select different implementation methods of the stacking program, and the technical focus of the invention lies in the processing of demoulding, instead of improving the stacking procedure, so The detailed steps of the overlay program are not described in detail in the text.
請參閱第1及2圖所示，本發明之處理方法係應用於一模具1中，該模具1上凹設有一容置槽10，本發明之處理方法包括下列步驟：(201)將一過氟烷基化物(Polyfluoroalkoxy，又名：四氟乙烯-全氟烷氧基乙烯基醚共聚物、可溶性聚四氟乙烯、PFA)與一強化材料(如： 碳纖維、石墨、銅、氧化鋁、陶瓷等)混合成一脫模劑；其中，該過氟烷基化物的重量百分比係佔該脫模劑之80~95%，該強化材料的重量百分比則佔該脫模劑之5~20%，且該強化材料之粒徑係介於0.1~0.5微米之間；(202)將該脫模劑均勻地塗佈於該容置槽10之內壁面；(203)對該模具1進行烘烤，以使該脫模劑能在該容置槽10之內壁面上形成一層共聚物薄膜11，該共聚物薄膜11之厚度係介於10~50奈米之間；及(204)將複數層複合材料M依序放置於該容置槽10中，並進行一疊貼程序(lay up，又稱鋪層)，使該等複合材料M能結合成一複合成品(例如：手機機殼、航空材料等)。 Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the processing method of the present invention is applied to a mold 1 having a receiving groove 10 recessed therein. The processing method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (201) A fluoroalkyl compound (Polyfluoroalkoxy, also known as: tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether copolymer, soluble polytetrafluoroethylene, PFA) and a reinforcing material (eg: Mixing carbon fiber, graphite, copper, alumina, ceramics, etc. into a mold release agent; wherein the weight percentage of the perfluoroalkylate is 80% to 95% of the release agent, and the weight percentage of the reinforcing material is 5-20% of the release agent, and the particle size of the reinforcing material is between 0.1 and 0.5 micrometers; (202) uniformly applying the release agent to the inner wall surface of the accommodating groove 10; The mold 1 is baked so that the release agent can form a copolymer film 11 on the inner wall surface of the accommodating groove 10, and the thickness of the copolymer film 11 is between 10 and 50 nm. And (204) sequentially placing the plurality of layers of composite material M in the accommodating groove 10, and performing a stacking process (layup), so that the composite materials M can be combined into a composite product ( For example: mobile phone case, aviation materials, etc.).
如此，由於該過氟烷基化物與強化材料所形成之共聚物薄膜11具有高抗磨(抗磨係數為0.04~0.1之間)、高抗沾粘及低摩擦之特性，因此，在業者將該複合成品由該容置槽10中取出之後，該共聚物薄膜11完全不會沾粘於該複合成品上，且該共聚物薄膜11仍能完全地保留於該容置槽10中，解決了習知處理方式中，業者必須在每次執行疊貼程序前，先噴一次脫模劑，並在完成疊貼製程後，需再對複合成品進行打磨，以消除沾粘於該複合成品上之離型劑的繁瑣動作，進而有效地節省時間與人力成本。發明人經實際測試後發現，本發明之處理方法所形成之共聚物薄膜11，至少在十次的疊貼程序中，維持該模具1的良好脫模性能。 Thus, since the copolymer film 11 formed of the perfluoroalkylate and the reinforcing material has high anti-wear property (between 0.04 and 0.1 anti-wear coefficient), high anti-sticking property and low friction property, the practitioner will After the composite product is taken out from the accommodating tank 10, the copolymer film 11 is not adhered to the composite product at all, and the copolymer film 11 can remain completely in the accommodating groove 10, thereby solving the problem. In the conventional treatment method, the manufacturer must spray the release agent once before each execution of the stacking process, and after the completion of the lamination process, the composite product needs to be polished to eliminate the sticking on the composite product. The tedious action of the release agent, thereby effectively saving time and labor costs. The inventors have found through actual testing that the copolymer film 11 formed by the treatment method of the present invention maintains good mold release performance of the mold 1 in at least ten stacking procedures.
此外，根據不同的應用層面及複合材料，業者尚能自行選用不同的強化材料，以強化或凸顯出適合的物理特性，該強化材料的種類及能對該共聚物薄膜形成之特性如下所述：(1)石墨：在應用於電子相關產業的封裝作業時，為了避免產生靜電而毀損電子元件，可利用石墨將靜電導出，進而避免複合成品受靜電影響而破壞品質；(2)碳纖維：碳纖維係能提昇該共聚物薄膜之結構緊密性與硬度，同時，亦能在該複合成品上形成碳纖維的紋路，以增加美觀；(3)銅、二硫化鉬、氧化鋁：添加銅粉、二硫化鉬或氧化鋁能進一步增加 該共聚物薄膜之耐磨度，以延長該共聚物薄膜的耐用性及使用壽命；及(4)氟化鈣、陶瓷：添加氟化鈣或陶瓷能提昇該共聚物薄膜的表面密度及光滑性，進而改善該複合成品的光澤度。 In addition, depending on the application level and composite materials, the manufacturer can choose different reinforcing materials to enhance or highlight the appropriate physical properties. The type of the reinforcing material and the properties that can be formed on the copolymer film are as follows: (1) Graphite: When used in packaging operations in the electronics-related industry, in order to avoid the generation of static electricity and damage electronic components, graphite can be used to conduct static electricity, thereby preventing the composite product from being damaged by static electricity and destroying the quality; (2) Carbon fiber: carbon fiber system The structural tightness and hardness of the copolymer film can be improved, and at the same time, the texture of the carbon fiber can be formed on the composite product to increase the appearance; (3) copper, molybdenum disulfide, alumina: added copper powder, molybdenum disulfide Or alumina can be further increased The abrasion resistance of the copolymer film to prolong the durability and service life of the copolymer film; and (4) calcium fluoride, ceramic: adding calcium fluoride or ceramic can improve the surface density and smoothness of the copolymer film , thereby improving the gloss of the composite product.
又，在本實施例中，在業者塗佈該脫模劑前，尚能先以360~400度的溫度對該模具1進行加溫，且塗佈完成後，對該模具1進行烘烤的溫度係介於攝氏380~410度之間，以使該過氟烷基化物與強化材料能形成該共聚物薄膜，且該共聚物薄膜11之熱膨收縮係數係介於10~14×(10-4×K-1)，其中K代表溫度單位(攝氏)。此外，在進行該疊貼程序時，該模具1需置放於一壓力爐中，以將該複合材料成型為一高密度結構及高強度抗拉伸之複合成品，該壓力爐內之成型成化參數為：溫度介於攝氏80~150度、壓力介於1kg/cm2~6kg/cm2、負壓抽氣強度1atm。 Moreover, in the embodiment, before the application of the release agent, the mold 1 can be heated at a temperature of 360 to 400 degrees, and after the coating is completed, the mold 1 is baked. The temperature is between 380 and 410 degrees Celsius, so that the perfluoroalkylate and the reinforcing material can form the copolymer film, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the copolymer film 11 is between 10 and 14×(10). -4 × K -1 ), where K represents the temperature unit (Celsius). In addition, when performing the stacking process, the mold 1 needs to be placed in a pressure furnace to form the composite material into a high-density structure and a high-strength tensile-resistant composite product, and the pressure furnace is molded into The parameters are: temperature between 80 and 150 degrees Celsius, pressure between 1 kg/cm 2 and 6 kg/cm 2 , and negative pressure pumping strength of 1 atm.
請參閱第3圖所示，係本發明之第二較佳實施例，該實施例之作法與前述實施例有些許不同：首先，將一過氟烷基化物與一強化材料混合成一表層脫模劑32；同時，將一矽烷共聚物作為平坦劑、一胺基矽烷共聚物則作為一密著劑，且將該平坦劑、密著劑與一四氟乙烯混合成一底層脫模劑31，其中，該四氟乙烯的重量百分比係佔該底層脫模劑31之85~95%；嗣，先將該底層脫模劑31塗佈於一模具3的內壁面上，再將該表層脫模劑32塗佈於該模具3中對應於該底層脫模劑31之位置上。 Referring to Figure 3, which is a second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment is somewhat different from the previous embodiment: first, a perfluoroalkylate is mixed with a reinforcing material to form a surface release. At the same time, a monodecane copolymer is used as a flat agent, and an amino decane copolymer is used as a binder, and the flat agent, the binder and the tetrafluoroethylene are mixed into a bottom release agent 31, wherein The weight percentage of the tetrafluoroethylene accounts for 85-95% of the bottom mold release agent 31; 嗣, the bottom mold release agent 31 is first applied to the inner wall surface of a mold 3, and then the surface layer release agent is applied. 32 is applied to the mold 3 at a position corresponding to the underlying release agent 31.
承上，在依序塗佈完該底層脫模劑31及表層脫模劑32後，對該模具3進行加熱，以在該模具3之內壁面上形成一共聚物薄膜。本實施例與前述實施例相比，主要係多塗佈了一層底層脫模劑31，以藉由該底層脫模劑31之特性，增加該共聚物薄膜與該模具3間的結合鍵結力，並提昇該共聚物薄膜表面的平滑性，且影響材料(即，複合材料之基材)於模具中的流動速路及其黏度，令業者能更輕易地將該複合成品由該模具中取出。 After the bottom release agent 31 and the surface release agent 32 are sequentially applied, the mold 3 is heated to form a copolymer film on the inner wall surface of the mold 3. Compared with the previous embodiment, the present embodiment mainly applies a layer of the bottom mold release agent 31 to increase the bonding strength between the copolymer film and the mold 3 by the characteristics of the bottom mold release agent 31. And improving the smoothness of the surface of the copolymer film, and affecting the flow path of the material (ie, the substrate of the composite material) in the mold and its viscosity, so that the composite product can be taken out from the mold more easily by the manufacturer. .
在此要特別一提者，本發明之第一較佳實施例中所提及之共聚物薄膜特性、強化材料之材質、預熱程序、烘烤條件及壓力爐，皆可應用於本發明之第二較佳實施例之處理方法中，且該模具之構型亦不以第1 及3圖所繪製之構型為限，業者可依實際需求進行調整，並予敘明。 It is to be noted that the characteristics of the copolymer film, the material of the reinforcing material, the preheating procedure, the baking conditions and the pressure furnace mentioned in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the present invention. In the processing method of the second preferred embodiment, and the configuration of the mold is not the first And the configuration drawn in Figure 3 is limited, and the operator can adjust it according to actual needs and explain it.
以上所述，僅為本發明之若干較佳實施例，惟，本發明之技術特徵並不侷限於此，凡相關技術領域之人士在參酌本發明之技術內容後，所能輕易思及之等效變化，均應不脫離本發明之保護範疇。 The above description is only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the relevant art can easily think about it after considering the technical content of the present invention. Modifications should not depart from the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (17)
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| TW102136345A TW201513986A (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2013-10-08 | Processing method to increase mold releasing effect by utilizing copolymer film |
| CN201410176980.0A CN104511987B (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2014-04-29 | Treatment method for improving demolding effect by utilizing copolymer film |
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| TW102136345A TW201513986A (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2013-10-08 | Processing method to increase mold releasing effect by utilizing copolymer film |
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| CN101767460B (en) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-06-13 | 东华大学 | Molding method of three-dimensional orthogonal woven composite material uncovered with resin |
| BR112012021936A2 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2016-05-31 | Sharp Kk | mold release treatment method, mold, anti-reflective film production method, mold release treatment device, and mold washer / dryer |
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