TW201505481A - Driving circuit capable of switching power supply modes according to voltage value - Google Patents
Driving circuit capable of switching power supply modes according to voltage value Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
Description
本發明係一種能根據電壓大小切換供電模式之驅動電路,尤指透過一切換控制單元,偵測一前置負載元件及一後置負載元件間之電壓值大小,若電壓值較小,則控制該前置負載元件及後置負載元件處於並聯狀態,若電壓值較大,則控制該前置負載元件及後置負載元件處於串聯狀態的驅動電路,以確保所有的負載元件皆能被驅動。 The invention is a driving circuit capable of switching a power supply mode according to a voltage, in particular, detecting a voltage value between a front load component and a rear load component through a switching control unit, and if the voltage value is small, controlling The front load component and the rear load component are in a parallel state. If the voltage value is large, the drive circuit in which the front load component and the rear load component are in series is controlled to ensure that all load components can be driven.
按,發光二極體(Light-Emitting Diode,LED)係一種於通電後能產生光亮的半導體電子元件,相較於傳統的照明用具,發光二極體具有效率高、成本低、反應速度快且使用壽命長的優點,故近年來開始被大量應用在交通號誌、照明器具、顯示面板甚至光通訊等領域上,成為經濟發展及科技研發上極具影響力的關鍵技術之一。 Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a kind of semiconductor electronic component that can produce bright light after being energized. Compared with traditional lighting appliances, the light-emitting diode has high efficiency, low cost and fast response speed. The advantages of long service life have been widely used in traffic signs, lighting fixtures, display panels and even optical communications in recent years, becoming one of the most influential key technologies in economic development and technology research and development.
一般言,在驅動多個發光二極體時,為了節省成本或簡化控制電路,業者多會以一個驅動電源,同時供電給複數個發光二極體,請參閱第1圖所示,係一種習知發光二極體驅動電路1,該發光二極體驅動電路1包括一驅動電源10、複數個發光二極體11及複數個限流電阻12,該驅動電源10中設有整流模組,以能將一交流訊號轉為一弦波直流訊號,由於發光二極體的接面電壓約為0.7伏特,因此,該等發光二極體11是否能被導通而發亮,需視該弦波直流訊號的大小而定。 In general, when driving a plurality of light-emitting diodes, in order to save costs or simplify the control circuit, the operator will supply a plurality of light-emitting diodes with one driving power source at the same time, as shown in FIG. The illuminating diode driving circuit 1 includes a driving power source 10, a plurality of illuminating diodes 11 and a plurality of current limiting resistors 12, wherein the driving power source 10 is provided with a rectifying module The alternating current signal can be converted into a sinusoidal direct current signal. Since the junction voltage of the light emitting diode is about 0.7 volt, whether the light emitting diode 11 can be turned on and turned on depends on the sine wave direct current. The size of the signal depends.
惟,前述之發光二極體驅動電路1在使用上卻有著重大的缺陷:即,在該驅動電源10提供之電壓值大小能同時驅動該等發光二極體11時,該等發光二極體11上的電流並不相同(第1圖中,設置位置越右方的發光二極體,因為電流會被分流至各該限流電阻12上,故導通時的電流值將較小),如此一來,不僅會造成該等發光二極體產生的亮度不一的問題, 同時,尚會影響該等發光二極體的使用壽命。為此,發明人曾設計出一種「具限流及開關功能之控制電路」,並申請台灣發明專利(申請案號為102108185),以透過一種控制電路,令電流僅能流通於一條迴路上,從而確保每個發光二極體皆能產生相同的光亮。 However, the foregoing LED driving circuit 1 has a major drawback in use: that is, when the voltage value provided by the driving power source 10 can simultaneously drive the LEDs 11, the LEDs The current on the 11 is not the same (in Figure 1, the LED is set to the right of the light-emitting diode, because the current will be shunted to each of the current-limiting resistors 12, so the current value will be smaller when turned on) As a result, not only will the brightness of the light-emitting diodes be different, At the same time, it will affect the service life of these LEDs. To this end, the inventor has devised a "control circuit with current limiting and switching function" and applied for a Taiwan invention patent (application number 102108185) to allow current to flow only through a loop through a control circuit. This ensures that each light-emitting diode produces the same light.
然而,發明人發現其設計的電路架構仍有美中不足之處,例如:一個發光二極體的控制電路中設有十個發光二極體,則若電源提供的電壓值為3.5伏特,雖然該控制電路能順利地將五顆發光二極體驅動在相同的照明狀態下,但另外五顆發光二極體卻因電源本身電壓強度的不足,而不可能被驅動發亮,如此一來,將無法完全地利用到每一顆發光二極體,對於業者來說,實為一種無形的損失。為此,發明人乃著手進行相關研究,期能設計出一種能根據電壓大小切換供電模式之驅動電路,以改善前述之問題。 However, the inventor found that the circuit architecture of the design is still in the ointment. For example, if there are ten LEDs in the control circuit of a light-emitting diode, if the voltage value provided by the power supply is 3.5 volts, although the control The circuit can smoothly drive the five LEDs in the same illumination state, but the other five LEDs are not likely to be driven by the voltage strength of the power supply. As a result, it will not be able to be driven. The complete use of each of the light-emitting diodes is an intangible loss for the industry. To this end, the inventors embarked on relevant research, and were able to design a driving circuit capable of switching the power supply mode according to the voltage level to improve the aforementioned problems.
有鑑於習知驅動發光二極體之電路仍受限於電源的電壓大小,故會產生部份發光二極體無法始終保持發亮的問題,發明人憑藉著多年來的研究經驗及豐富的電學知識,並經過多次的實驗及改良後,終於設計出本發明之一種能根據電壓大小切換供電模式之驅動電路,期能進一步改良時下所使用的發光二極體驅動電路之架構。 In view of the fact that the circuit for driving the light-emitting diode is still limited by the voltage of the power source, the problem that some of the light-emitting diodes cannot always remain bright is generated, and the inventor relies on years of research experience and rich electrical power. Knowledge, and after many experiments and improvements, finally designed a driving circuit capable of switching the power supply mode according to the voltage level, and can further improve the structure of the light-emitting diode driving circuit used at present.
本發明之一目的,係提供一種能根據電壓大小切換供電模式之驅動電路,包括一電源、至少一前置迴路、一開關單元、一後置迴路及一切換控制單元,該前置迴路係透過一前置負載元件(如:發光二極體),與該電源相並聯,其中該前置負載元件之正極係電氣連接至該電源之正極,其負極則透過該前置迴路,電氣連接至該電源之負極,該前置迴路上設有一控制端,該控制端係用以接收一回授控制訊號;該後置迴路係透過一後置負載元件,與該前置迴路相並聯,該後置負載元件之正極係電氣連接至該前置負載元件之負極,其負極則透過該後置迴路,電氣連接至該電源之負極,該後置迴路上設有一回授端,該回授端係電氣連接於該前置迴路之控制端,以能將該後置迴路上之一電壓值作為該回授控制訊號,並回授至該前置迴路之控制端,在該回授控制訊號大於一參考電壓值的情況下,該 前置迴路將被設定於斷路狀態,在該回授控制訊號小於該參考電壓值的情況下,該前置迴路將被設定於導通狀態;該開關單元包括相互串聯的一第一二極體及一切換開關,該第一二極體之正極係電氣連接至該電源之正極,在該切換開關為斷路的情況下,該前置負載元件及後置負載元件能相互串聯,令該驅動電路對該前置負載元件及後置負載元件之供電呈現一串聯供電模式;反之,在該切換開關為短路的情況下,該前置負載元件與該後置負載元件將與該電源相並聯,而使該驅動電路對該前置負載元件及後置負載元件之供電呈現一並聯供電模式;該切換控制單元係並聯在該前置迴路及該後置迴路之間,其一輸入端能偵測該等負載元件間之電壓值,其一輸出端則電氣連接至該切換開關上的一控制端,以在該切換控制單元之輸入端偵測到之電壓值大於一預定值的情況下,該切換控制單元之輸出端能產生一斷路控制訊號,使該切換開關處於斷路狀態,令該驅動電路保持在該串聯供電模式;反之,在該切換控制單元之輸入端上的電壓值小於一預定值的情況下,該切換控制單元之輸出端能產生一短路控制訊號,使該切換開關處於短路狀態,令該驅動電路保持在該並聯供電模式。如此,該驅動電路即能根據該電源所提供之電壓大小,自行切換為該並聯供電模式或串聯供電模式,令該等負載元件無論在何種供電模式下,皆能正常地運作,進而確保。 An object of the present invention is to provide a driving circuit capable of switching a power supply mode according to a voltage, comprising a power source, at least one pre-circuit, a switching unit, a rear circuit and a switching control unit, wherein the pre-loop is transmitted through a front load component (such as a light-emitting diode) connected in parallel with the power source, wherein a positive pole of the front load component is electrically connected to a positive pole of the power source, and a negative pole is electrically connected to the front loop a negative pole of the power supply, wherein the front loop is provided with a control end for receiving a feedback control signal; the rear loop is connected to the front loop through a rear load component, the rear end The positive pole of the load component is electrically connected to the negative pole of the front load component, and the negative pole is electrically connected to the negative pole of the power supply through the rear loop, and the rear loop is provided with a feedback end, and the feedback end is electrically connected Connected to the control end of the pre-loop, so that a voltage value on the rear loop can be used as the feedback control signal, and fed back to the control end of the pre-loop, where the feedback control signal is In a case where the reference voltage value, the The pre-loop will be set to the open state. When the feedback control signal is less than the reference voltage value, the pre-loop will be set to the on-state; the switch unit includes a first diode connected in series with each other and a switching switch, the positive pole of the first diode is electrically connected to the anode of the power source, and in the case that the switching switch is open, the front load component and the rear load component can be connected in series to each other, so that the driving circuit pair The power supply of the front load component and the rear load component exhibits a series power supply mode; conversely, when the switch is short circuited, the front load component and the rear load component are connected in parallel with the power source, thereby enabling The driving circuit presents a parallel power supply mode for the power supply of the front load component and the rear load component; the switching control unit is connected in parallel between the front loop and the rear loop, and an input end thereof can detect the same a voltage value between the load components, an output terminal is electrically connected to a control terminal on the switch, so that the voltage value detected at the input end of the switch control unit is greater than a pre- In the case of a value, the output of the switching control unit can generate a disconnection control signal, so that the switching switch is in an open state, so that the driving circuit is maintained in the series power supply mode; otherwise, at the input end of the switching control unit When the voltage value is less than a predetermined value, the output of the switching control unit can generate a short-circuit control signal, so that the switching switch is in a short-circuit state, so that the driving circuit is maintained in the parallel power supply mode. In this way, the driving circuit can automatically switch to the parallel power supply mode or the series power supply mode according to the voltage provided by the power source, so that the load components can operate normally regardless of the power supply mode, thereby ensuring.
本發明之另一目的,乃該驅動電路尚包括一電容,該電容之正極係電接至該開關單元,其負極則電氣連接至該後置迴路,以在該驅動電路處於該串聯供電模式的情況下,該電源能同時對該電容充電,俟該驅動電路切換至該並聯供電模式時,該電容中儲存之電能將能透過該開關單元,供應予該後置負載迴路,據此,即能確保並聯供電模式時,該後置負載迴路能獲得足夠的電壓,運作於理想的工作狀態,同時,提昇該驅動電路於運作時的功率因數(Power Factor)。 Another object of the present invention is that the driving circuit further includes a capacitor, the positive pole of the capacitor is electrically connected to the switch unit, and the negative pole thereof is electrically connected to the rear loop to be in the series power supply mode of the driving circuit. In the case that the power source can simultaneously charge the capacitor, when the driving circuit is switched to the parallel power supply mode, the power stored in the capacitor can be supplied to the rear load circuit through the switch unit, thereby When the parallel power supply mode is ensured, the rear load circuit can obtain sufficient voltage to operate in an ideal working state, and at the same time, improve the power factor of the driving circuit during operation.
本發明之又一目的,乃該後置迴路上之一回授端係電氣連接至該前置迴路上之一控制端,以在該後置迴路上之電壓值大於該參考電壓值的情況下,該後置迴路能產生一回授控制訊號,使該前置迴路呈現斷路狀態。據此,即能確保電流僅會由該前置迴路或後置迴路返回該電源,使 該等負載元件皆能處於相同的工作狀態(即,投射出相同的光亮)。 Another object of the present invention is that a feedback end of the rear circuit is electrically connected to one of the control terminals of the pre-circuit, so that the voltage value on the rear circuit is greater than the reference voltage value. The rear loop can generate a feedback control signal to cause the pre-loop to be in an open state. According to this, it can be ensured that the current will only be returned to the power supply by the front circuit or the rear circuit, so that The load elements can all be in the same working state (ie, projecting the same light).
為便 貴審查委員能對本發明之設計理念、電路架構及其目的有更進一步的認識與理解,茲舉實施例配合圖式,詳細說明如下: For your review, you can have a better understanding and understanding of the design concept, circuit architecture and purpose of the present invention. The embodiments are described in conjunction with the drawings, which are described in detail as follows:
〔習知〕 [study]
1‧‧‧發光二極體驅動電路 1‧‧‧Lighting diode drive circuit
10‧‧‧驅動電源 10‧‧‧Drive power supply
11‧‧‧發光二極體 11‧‧‧Lighting diode
12‧‧‧限流電阻 12‧‧‧ Current limiting resistor
〔本發明〕 〔this invention〕
2‧‧‧驅動電路 2‧‧‧Drive circuit
20‧‧‧前置控制單元 20‧‧‧front control unit
200‧‧‧前置控制端 200‧‧‧front control terminal
21‧‧‧電源 21‧‧‧Power supply
22‧‧‧第一前置迴路 22‧‧‧First front loop
23‧‧‧第二前置迴路 23‧‧‧Second pre-circuit
230‧‧‧前置回授端 230‧‧‧Pre-return terminal
24‧‧‧後置迴路 24‧‧‧ Rear loop
240‧‧‧後置回授端 240‧‧‧post feedback
25‧‧‧開關單元 25‧‧‧Switch unit
26‧‧‧切換控制單元 26‧‧‧Switch control unit
A‧‧‧輸入端 A‧‧‧ input
B‧‧‧輸出端 B‧‧‧output
C‧‧‧電容 C‧‧‧ capacitor
D1‧‧‧第一二極體 D1‧‧‧First Diode
D2‧‧‧第二二極體 D2‧‧‧ second diode
L1‧‧‧第一前置負載元件 L1‧‧‧First front load component
L2‧‧‧第二前置負載元件 L2‧‧‧Second preload component
L3‧‧‧後置負載元件 L3‧‧‧ rear load component
P1‧‧‧第一運算放大器 P1‧‧‧First Operational Amplifier
P2‧‧‧第二運算放大器 P2‧‧‧Second operational amplifier
Q1‧‧‧前置限流電晶體 Q1‧‧‧Pre-limit current limiting crystal
Q2‧‧‧前置開關電晶體 Q2‧‧‧ front switch transistor
Q3‧‧‧後置限流電晶體 Q3‧‧‧Reset current limiting crystal
Q4‧‧‧切換電晶體 Q4‧‧‧Switching transistor
R、R1、R2、R3、R4‧‧‧電阻 R, R1, R2, R3, R4‧‧‧ resistance
S‧‧‧切換開關 S‧‧‧Toggle switch
V1‧‧‧非反相供電端 V1‧‧‧Non-inverting power supply
V2‧‧‧後置供電端 V2‧‧‧ rear power supply end
V3、V5‧‧‧第一供電端 V3, V5‧‧‧ first power supply end
V4、V6‧‧‧參考供電端 V4, V6‧‧‧ reference power supply
第1圖係習知之發光二極體驅動電路示意圖;第2圖係本發明之驅動電路的第一較佳實施例示意圖;第3圖係本發明之前置控制單元的第一較佳實施例示意圖;及第4圖係本發明之前置控制單元的第二較佳實施例示意圖。 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional LED driving circuit; FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a first preferred embodiment of the driving circuit of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a first preferred embodiment of the pre-control unit of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a second preferred embodiment of the front control unit of the present invention.
本發明係一種能根據電壓大小切換供電模式之驅動電路,請參閱第2圖所示,係本發明之第一較佳實施例,該驅動電路2包括一第一前置迴路22、一第二前置迴路23、一後置迴路24、一開關單元25及一切換控制單元26,該第一前置迴路22係透過一第一前置負載元件L1(如:發光二極體)與一電源21相並聯,該第二前置迴路23則透過一第二前置負載元件L2與該第一前置迴路22相並聯。 The present invention is a driving circuit capable of switching a power supply mode according to a voltage. Referring to FIG. 2, which is a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving circuit 2 includes a first pre-loop 22 and a second a pre-circuit 23, a rear circuit 24, a switch unit 25 and a switching control unit 26, the first pre-circuit 22 is transmitted through a first pre-load component L1 (eg, a light-emitting diode) and a power source The 21 phases are connected in parallel, and the second pre-circuit 23 is connected in parallel with the first pre-circuit 22 through a second pre-load element L2.
各該前置負載元件L1、L2之正極係電氣連接至該電源21之正極,其負極則分別透過對應的前置迴路22、23,電氣連接至該電源21之負極;該後置迴路24係透過一後置負載元件L3,與該第二前置迴路23相並聯,該後置負載元件L3之正極係電氣連接至該第二前置負載元件L2之負極,其負極則透過該後置迴路24,電氣連接至該電源21之負極;該開關單元25包括一第一二極體D1及一切換開關S,該第一二極體D1係與該切換開關S相串聯,且其正極係電氣連接至該電源21之正極,其負極則電氣連接至該後置負載元件L3之正極。 The positive poles of the pre-loading elements L1, L2 are electrically connected to the positive pole of the power source 21, and the negative poles are respectively transmitted through the corresponding pre-circuits 22, 23 to the negative pole of the power source 21; the rear loop 24 is Connected to the second pre-circuit 23 through a rear load element L3, the positive pole of the rear load element L3 is electrically connected to the negative pole of the second pre-load element L2, and the negative pole is transmitted through the rear loop 24, electrically connected to the negative pole of the power source 21; the switch unit 25 includes a first diode D1 and a switch S, the first diode D1 is connected in series with the switch S, and the positive pole is electrically Connected to the positive electrode of the power source 21, the negative electrode is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the rear load element L3.
承上,在該切換開關S為斷路的情況下,該等前置負載元件L1、L2及後置負載元件L3能相互串聯,此時,該驅動電路2對該等前置負載元件L1、L2及後置負載元件L3之供電將呈現一「串聯供電模式」。該第二前置負載元件L2及後置負載元件L3之間尚設有一第二二極體D2, 該第二二極體D2之正極係對應於該第二前置負載元件L2之負極,以在該切換開關S為短路的情況下,該等前置負載元件L1、L2與該後置負載元件L3將與該電源21相並聯,而使該驅動電路2呈現一「並聯供電模式」。 In the case where the switch S is open, the pre-load elements L1, L2 and the post-load element L3 can be connected in series with each other. At this time, the drive circuit 2 pairs the pre-load elements L1, L2. And the power supply of the rear load component L3 will present a "series power supply mode". A second diode D2 is further disposed between the second front load component L2 and the rear load component L3. The positive pole of the second diode D2 corresponds to the negative pole of the second pre-loading element L2, so that the pre-loading components L1, L2 and the rear load component are in the case that the switching switch S is short-circuited. L3 will be connected in parallel with the power source 21, and the drive circuit 2 will assume a "parallel power supply mode".
該切換控制單元26係並聯於該第二前置迴路23及該後置迴路24之間,該切換控制單元26之一輸入端A能偵測該第二前置負載元件L2及後置負載元件L3間之電壓值,其一輸出端B則電氣連接至該切換開關S之控制端,以在該切換控制單元26之輸入端A偵測到之電壓值大於一預定值(如:0.7伏特)的情況下,該切換控制單元26之輸出端B能產生一斷路控制訊號,使該切換開關S處於斷路狀態,令該驅動電路2保持在該串聯供電模式。例如:若每個發光二極體的驅動電壓為0.7伏特,則在該電源21提供之電壓值大於2.1伏特時,由於此時該電源21能同時驅動所有的負載元件L1~L3,故該切換控制單元26之輸入端A所偵測到之電壓值必然大於該預定值(如:檢測結果為0.7伏特),因此,該切換控制單元26將會確保該切換開關S處於斷路狀態,令該電源21能以串聯供電模式,同時驅動所有的負載元件L1~L3。 The switching control unit 26 is connected in parallel between the second pre-circuit 23 and the rear circuit 24. The input terminal A of the switching control unit 26 can detect the second pre-load component L2 and the rear load component. The voltage value between L3, one output terminal B is electrically connected to the control terminal of the switch S, so that the voltage value detected at the input terminal A of the switching control unit 26 is greater than a predetermined value (for example, 0.7 volt). In this case, the output terminal B of the switching control unit 26 can generate a disconnection control signal to cause the switch S to be in an open state, so that the drive circuit 2 is maintained in the series power supply mode. For example, if the driving voltage of each of the light-emitting diodes is 0.7 volts, when the voltage value provided by the power source 21 is greater than 2.1 volts, since the power source 21 can simultaneously drive all the load components L1 to L3, the switching is performed. The voltage value detected by the input terminal A of the control unit 26 is necessarily greater than the predetermined value (for example, the detection result is 0.7 volt). Therefore, the switching control unit 26 will ensure that the switch S is in an open state, and the power source is 21 can drive all load components L1~L3 simultaneously in series power mode.
反之,在該切換控制單元26之輸入端A偵測到之電壓值小於該預定值的情況下,該切換控制單元26之輸出端將能產生一短路控制訊號,以使該切換開關S處於短路狀態,令該驅動電路2保持在該並聯供電模式。例如:在該電源21提供之電壓值小於2.1伏特(如:1.5伏特)的情況下,由於該電源21並無法驅動串聯的該等負載元件L1~L3,故該切換控制單元26之輸入端A所偵測到之電壓值必然小於該預定值(如:檢測結果為0伏特),因此,該切換控制單元26將會確保該切換開關S處於短路狀態,令該電源21能以並聯供電模式,分別以1.5伏特驅動該等前置負載元件L1、L2及後置負載元件L3。 On the other hand, if the voltage detected by the input terminal A of the switching control unit 26 is less than the predetermined value, the output of the switching control unit 26 can generate a short-circuit control signal to make the switch S short-circuit. The state causes the drive circuit 2 to remain in the parallel power supply mode. For example, in the case where the voltage value provided by the power source 21 is less than 2.1 volts (eg, 1.5 volts), since the power source 21 cannot drive the load elements L1 LL3 in series, the input terminal A of the switching control unit 26 The detected voltage value must be less than the predetermined value (eg, the detection result is 0 volts). Therefore, the switching control unit 26 will ensure that the switch S is in a short-circuit state, so that the power source 21 can be in the parallel power supply mode. The pre-load elements L1, L2 and the post-load element L3 are driven at 1.5 volts, respectively.
請參閱第2~4圖所示,在本發明之第一較佳實施例中,該切換控制單元26係屬於一差動放大電路,包括複數個電阻R、一非反相供電端V1及一第一運算放大器P1,該切換控制單元26之輸入端A係透過電阻R連接於該第一運算放大器P1的反相輸入端,該非反相供電端V1則連接於該第一運算放大器P1的非反相輸入端,故在該切換控制單元26之輸 入端A所接收到之電壓值大於該非反相供電端V1時,該切換控制單元26之輸出端B將能產生一極低之電壓值,令該切換開關S處於斷路狀態。 Referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching control unit 26 belongs to a differential amplifying circuit, and includes a plurality of resistors R, a non-inverting power supply terminal V1, and a The first operational amplifier P1, the input terminal A of the switching control unit 26 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier P1 through a resistor R, and the non-inverting power supply terminal V1 is connected to the non-inverting power supply terminal P1. Inverting input, so the switching control unit 26 loses When the voltage value received by the input terminal A is greater than the non-inverting power supply terminal V1, the output terminal B of the switching control unit 26 can generate a very low voltage value, so that the switch S is in an open state.
由上述可知,根據本發明之驅動電路的架構,在該電源21輸出的電壓較小,而不足以驅動相互串聯的該等負載元件L1~L3時,該驅動電路2將能自行切換為該並聯供電模式,使該電源21能分別驅動該前置負載元件L1、L2及後置負載元件L3,令該等負載元件L1~L3無論在何種供電模式下,皆能正常地運作(如:投射出足夠的光線),提昇該驅動電路2的整體運作效率。 It can be seen from the above that according to the architecture of the driving circuit of the present invention, when the voltage outputted by the power source 21 is small and not enough to drive the load elements L1 to L3 connected in series, the driving circuit 2 can switch to the parallel circuit by itself. The power supply mode enables the power supply 21 to drive the front load components L1 and L2 and the rear load component L3, respectively, so that the load components L1 to L3 can operate normally regardless of the power supply mode (eg, projection) A sufficient light is emitted to improve the overall operational efficiency of the driving circuit 2.
另,復請參閱第2圖所示,在本實施例中,各該前置迴路22、23分別包括一前置限流電晶體Q1、一前置開關電晶體Q2及一前置控制單元20,該前置限流電晶體Q1之輸入端係與對應之前置負載元件L1、L2的負極相連接;該前置開關電晶體Q2之輸入端係與該前置限流電晶體Q1之輸出端相連接,且該前置開關電晶體Q2之輸出端係電氣連接至該電源21之負極;該前置控制單元20係分別連接至該前置限流電晶體Q1及前置開關電晶體Q2之控制端,且其輸入端即為對應之前置迴路22、23之前置控制端200,該前置控制單元20能提供一限流訊號至該前置限流電晶體Q1之控制端,以設定能通過該前置限流電晶體Q1的最大電流值;該前置控制單元20尚能提供一開關訊號至該前置開關電晶體Q2之控制端,以控制該前置開關電晶體Q2之輸入端及輸出端維持在一導通狀態或一斷路狀態。 In addition, in the present embodiment, each of the pre-circuits 22 and 23 includes a pre-current limiting transistor Q1, a pre-switching transistor Q2, and a pre-control unit 20, respectively. The input end of the pre-current limiting transistor Q1 is connected to the negative poles of the corresponding pre-loading elements L1 and L2; the input end of the pre-switching transistor Q2 is connected to the output of the pre-current limiting transistor Q1. The terminal is connected to the anode of the power supply 21; the front control unit 20 is connected to the front current limiting transistor Q1 and the front switching transistor Q2 The control terminal, and the input end thereof is a pre-control loop 200 corresponding to the pre-loop 22, 23, and the pre-control unit 20 can provide a current limiting signal to the control end of the pre-current limiting transistor Q1. The front control unit 20 can provide a switching signal to the control end of the pre-switch transistor Q2 to control the front switch transistor Q2. The input terminal and the output terminal are maintained in an on state or an open state.
承上,該第二前置迴路23之前置限流電晶體Q1及前置開關電晶體Q2間設有一前置回授端230,該前置回授端230係電氣連接至該第一前置迴路22之前置控制端200,該前置控制端200能將該第二前置迴路23中之前置限流電晶體Q1及前置開關電晶體Q2間的電壓值作為一回授控制訊號,並回授至該第一前置迴路22之前置控制端200,且在該回授控制訊號大於一參考電壓值(即,足以驅動該前置開關電晶體Q2進入導通狀態之臨界電壓值)的情況下,該第一前置迴路22內之前置控制單元20能據此使該前置開關電晶體Q2進入斷路狀態;反之,若該回授控制訊號小於該參考電壓值,則該第一前置迴路22內之前置開關電晶體Q2將被控制 在短路狀態。 A pre-return terminal 230 is disposed between the front current limiting transistor Q1 and the front switching transistor Q2, and the pre-return terminal 230 is electrically connected to the first front The control circuit 200 is disposed before the loop 22, and the pre-control terminal 200 can control the voltage between the front current limiting transistor Q1 and the front switching transistor Q2 in the second pre-circuit 23 as a feedback control. The signal is sent back to the first pre-loop 22 before the control terminal 200, and the feedback control signal is greater than a reference voltage value (ie, a threshold voltage sufficient to drive the pre-switch transistor Q2 into an on state) In the case of a value, the pre-control unit 20 in the first pre-circuit 22 can cause the pre-switch transistor Q2 to enter an open state; otherwise, if the feedback control signal is less than the reference voltage value, The pre-switching transistor Q2 in the first pre-circuit 22 will be controlled In the short circuit state.
該後置迴路24包括一後置限流電晶體Q3及一後置供電端V2,該後置限流電晶體Q3之輸入端係與該後置負載元件L3之負極相連接,其輸出端則連接至該後置迴路24之一後置回授端240;該後置供電端V2則連接至該後置限流電晶體Q3之控制端,以能控制能通過該後置限流電晶體Q3的最大電流值。如前述該等前置迴路22、23間之回授結構,該後置迴路24上之後置回授端240能將該後置限流電晶體Q3之輸出端的電壓值作為一回授控制訊號,並回授至該第二前置迴路23之前置控制端200。據此,透過各該前置迴路22、23及後置迴路24之回授結構,即能確保該等負載元件L1~L3被驅動時,皆能處於相同的工作狀態(如:發光二極體能產生同一亮度的光線)。 The rear circuit 24 includes a rear current limiting transistor Q3 and a rear power supply terminal V2. The input end of the rear current limiting transistor Q3 is connected to the negative terminal of the rear load component L3, and the output end thereof is connected. Connected to a rear feedback terminal 240 of the rear circuit 24; the rear power supply terminal V2 is connected to the control terminal of the rear current limiting transistor Q3 to control the pass current limiting transistor Q3 The maximum current value. As described above, the feedback structure between the pre-circuits 22 and 23, the post-return terminal 240 of the post-circuit 24 can use the voltage value at the output end of the post-current limiting transistor Q3 as a feedback control signal. And returning to the second pre-circuit 23 to pre-control the terminal 200. Accordingly, the feedback structure of each of the pre-circuits 22, 23 and the rear circuit 24 ensures that the load elements L1 to L3 can be driven in the same state (for example, the light-emitting diode can be driven). Produces light of the same brightness).
舉例而言,若該電源21提供之電壓值,係處於0~2.1伏特之間,則在該電源提供之電壓值為1.4伏特時,該驅動電路2將呈現並聯供電模式,且電流在通過該第二前置負載元件L2後,將沿著該第二前置迴路23返回該電源21,此時,該第二前置迴路23的前置回授端230產生之回授控制訊號,將導致該第一前置迴路22中的前置開關電晶體Q2處於斷路狀態,故,流經該第一前置負載元件L1及第二前置負載元件L2的電流大小即必然相等;同理,在該電源21提供之電壓值為2.1伏特,且該驅動電路2處於串聯供電模式下時,該後置迴路24即能以相同原理,關閉該等前置開關電晶體Q2。 For example, if the voltage value provided by the power source 21 is between 0 and 2.1 volts, when the voltage value provided by the power source is 1.4 volts, the driving circuit 2 will assume a parallel power supply mode, and the current is passing through the After the second pre-loading element L2, the power supply 21 is returned along the second pre-circuit 23, and the feedback control signal generated by the pre-return terminal 230 of the second pre-circuit 23 will result in a feedback control signal. The front switch transistor Q2 in the first pre-circuit 22 is in an open state, so the current flowing through the first pre-load element L1 and the second pre-load element L2 is necessarily equal; similarly, When the voltage value provided by the power source 21 is 2.1 volts, and the driving circuit 2 is in the series power supply mode, the rear circuit 24 can turn off the front switching transistors Q2 by the same principle.
又,該驅動電路尚包括一電容C,該電容C之正極係電氣連接至該開關單元25,其負極則電氣連接至該後置迴路23,以在該驅動電路2處於串聯供電模式且該電源21提供一大電壓訊號的情況下,該電源21能同時對該電容C充電,俟該驅動電路2切換至該並聯供電模式,且該電源21提供之電壓較小時,由於此時該電容C中儲存之電能大於該電源21,故該電容C將能透過該開關單元25,將儲存之電能供應予該後置負載元件L3,令該後置負載元件L3能被足夠的電壓所驅動,據此,即能有效提昇該驅動電路2於運作時的功率因數(Power Factor),解決該驅動電路2在切換不同供電模式時,電壓供應無法穩定地提供予所有負載元件L1~L3的問 題。 Moreover, the driving circuit further includes a capacitor C, the positive pole of the capacitor C is electrically connected to the switch unit 25, and the negative pole thereof is electrically connected to the rear loop 23, so that the driving circuit 2 is in the series power supply mode and the power source 21, when a large voltage signal is provided, the power source 21 can simultaneously charge the capacitor C, and the driving circuit 2 switches to the parallel power supply mode, and when the voltage supplied by the power source 21 is small, the capacitor C is at this time. The stored energy is greater than the power source 21, so the capacitor C can pass through the switch unit 25 to supply the stored power to the rear load component L3, so that the rear load component L3 can be driven by a sufficient voltage. Therefore, the power factor of the driving circuit 2 during operation can be effectively improved, and the voltage supply cannot be stably supplied to all the load components L1 to L3 when the driving circuit 2 switches between different power supply modes. question.
請參閱第2及3圖所示,在本發明之第一較佳實施例中,該前置控制單元20係包括一第一供電端V3、一參考供電端V4及一第二運算放大器P2,該第一供電端V3係連接至該前置限流電晶體Q1之控制端,以提供該限流訊號至該前置限流電晶體Q1;該第二運算放大器P2之輸出端係連接至前置開關電晶體Q2之控制端,以提供該開關訊號至該前置開關電晶體Q2,該第二運算放大器P2之非反相輸入端係與該參考供電端V4相連接,以接收該參考供電端V4提供之電壓訊號,該第二運算放大器P2之反相輸入端則分別透過一電阻R1、R2,連接至該第二運算放大器P2之輸出端及該前置控制單元20之前置控制端200,在該第二運算放大器P2之反相輸入端所接收到之回授控制訊號大於該參考電壓值的情況下,該第二運算放大器P2之輸出端所輸出之電壓值能使該前置開關電晶體Q2呈現斷路狀態,反之,在該回授控制訊號小於該參考電壓值的情況下,該第二運算放大器P2之輸出端所輸出之電壓值能使該前置開關電晶體Q2呈現導通狀態。 Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pre-control unit 20 includes a first power supply terminal V3, a reference power supply terminal V4, and a second operational amplifier P2. The first power supply terminal V3 is connected to the control terminal of the pre-current limiting transistor Q1 to provide the current limiting signal to the pre-current limiting transistor Q1; the output terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the front end The control terminal of the switching transistor Q2 is provided to provide the switching signal to the pre-switching transistor Q2, and the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 is connected to the reference power supply terminal V4 to receive the reference power supply The voltage input signal provided by the terminal V4, the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 is respectively connected to the output end of the second operational amplifier P2 and the front control end of the pre-control unit 20 through a resistor R1, R2 200. When the feedback control signal received by the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier P2 is greater than the reference voltage value, the voltage value outputted by the output end of the second operational amplifier P2 can enable the front end Switching transistor Q2 is in an open state, reverse In the case where the feedback control signal is less than the reference voltage value, the voltage value of the output of the second operational amplifier output P2 of the switching transistor enables the pre-rendering Q2 conductive state.
請參閱第2及4圖所示,在本發明之第二較佳實施例中,該前置控制單元20則係包括一第一供電端V5、一切換電晶體Q4及一參考供電端V6,該第一供電端V5係連接至該前置限流電晶體Q1之控制端,以提供該限流訊號至該前置限流電晶體Q1;該切換電晶體Q4之控制端係透過一電阻R3,連接至該前置控制單元20之前置控制端200,以接收該回授控制訊號,該切換電晶體Q4之輸出端則連接至接地端;該參考供電端V6係透過另一電阻R4,分別連接至該前置開關電晶體Q2之控制端及該切換電晶體Q4之輸入端,以提供該開關訊號至該前置開關電晶體Q2。 Referring to FIGS. 2 and 4, in the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the front control unit 20 includes a first power supply terminal V5, a switching transistor Q4, and a reference power supply terminal V6. The first power supply terminal V5 is connected to the control terminal of the pre-current limiting transistor Q1 to provide the current limiting signal to the pre-current limiting transistor Q1; the control terminal of the switching transistor Q4 is transmitted through a resistor R3. Connected to the front control unit 20 to receive the feedback control signal, the output end of the switching transistor Q4 is connected to the ground terminal; the reference power supply terminal V6 is transmitted through another resistor R4, The control terminal of the front switch transistor Q2 and the input end of the switching transistor Q4 are respectively connected to provide the switching signal to the pre-switch transistor Q2.
承上,在該回授控制訊號大於該參考電壓值(例如:足以使該切換電晶體Q4進入雙載子接面電晶體的飽和狀態之電壓值)時,由於此時該切換電晶體Q4之輸出端及輸入端間幾乎可視為短路,故該前置開關電晶體Q2將呈現斷路狀態,反之,在該回授控制訊號小於該參考電壓值的情況下,此時該切換電晶體Q4將呈斷路狀態,故該前置控制單元20產生之開關訊號可視為等同於該參考供電端V6之電壓大小,使該前置開關電晶體Q2能處於導通狀態。 And, when the feedback control signal is greater than the reference voltage value (for example, a voltage value sufficient to cause the switching transistor Q4 to enter a saturation state of the bipolar junction transistor), since the switching transistor Q4 is The output terminal and the input terminal can be regarded as a short circuit, so the front switch transistor Q2 will be in an open state. Otherwise, when the feedback control signal is smaller than the reference voltage value, the switching transistor Q4 will be present. In the open state, the switching signal generated by the pre-control unit 20 can be regarded as equivalent to the voltage of the reference power supply terminal V6, so that the front-switching transistor Q2 can be in an on state.
此外,本發明之驅動電路2尚具有「較佳相容性」之特點,意即,由於該驅動電路2能根據電壓大小切換不同的供電模式,因此,無論該電源21提供之電壓值為110V或220V,該驅動電路皆能正常運作,而不至於受損。例如:在電壓值為220V時,該驅動電路2正好能以串聯供電模式,驅動所有的負載元件L1~L3,而在電壓值為110V時,由於電壓較小,故該驅動電路2能以並聯供電模式,分別驅動該前置負載元件L1、L2及後置負載元件L3。 In addition, the driving circuit 2 of the present invention is characterized by "better compatibility", that is, since the driving circuit 2 can switch between different power supply modes according to the magnitude of the voltage, the voltage value provided by the power source 21 is 110V. Or 220V, the drive circuit can work normally without damage. For example, when the voltage value is 220V, the driving circuit 2 can drive all the load components L1~L3 in the series power supply mode, and when the voltage value is 110V, the driving circuit 2 can be connected in parallel because the voltage is small. In the power supply mode, the pre-load elements L1, L2 and the post-load element L3 are driven, respectively.
在此要特別一提者,在前述實施例中,該驅動電路2中包括二前置迴路22、23及一後置迴路24,惟,該驅動電路2中亦能設置複數個前置迴路及後置迴路,其數量可依設計者之需求調整,例如:在第2圖所示之驅動電路2中,該後置迴路24與該第二二極體D2間尚能額外並聯其他的後置迴路,且該等其他的後置迴路結構將與該第二前置迴路23相同,使該後置迴路24能透過該後置回授端240,控制新增的其他後置迴路的導通與否,由於前置迴路及後置迴路之電路架構及應用係已詳細說明於發明人過去申請之發明專利「具限流及開關功能之控制電路」中,故在此即不再詳述。此外,在本發明之其他較佳實施例中,該前置迴路的數量可僅有單一個(如:移除該第一前置迴路22,僅保留第二前置迴路23),如此,亦能建構出本發明所預期之「切換供電模式」的功效。 In the foregoing embodiment, the driving circuit 2 includes two pre-circuits 22, 23 and a rear circuit 24, but the driving circuit 2 can also be provided with a plurality of pre-circuits and The number of the rear circuit can be adjusted according to the needs of the designer. For example, in the driving circuit 2 shown in FIG. 2, the rear circuit 24 and the second diode D2 can be additionally connected in parallel with each other. a circuit, and the other rear circuit structures will be the same as the second pre-circuit 23, so that the rear circuit 24 can pass through the rear feedback terminal 240 to control the conduction of other newly added rear circuits. Since the circuit structure and application system of the pre-circuit and the rear-end circuit have been described in detail in the invention patent "control circuit with current limiting and switching function" which the inventor has applied for in the past, it will not be described in detail here. In addition, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the number of the pre-loops may be only one (eg, removing the first pre-loop 22, leaving only the second pre-circuit 23). The effect of the "switching power supply mode" expected by the present invention can be constructed.
以上所述,僅為本發明之若干較佳實施例,惟,本發明之技術特徵並不侷限於此,凡相關技術領域之人士在參酌本發明之技術內容後,所能輕易思及之等效變化,均應不脫離本發明之保護範疇。 The above description is only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the relevant art can easily think about it after considering the technical content of the present invention. Modifications should not depart from the scope of protection of the present invention.
2‧‧‧驅動電路 2‧‧‧Drive circuit
20‧‧‧前置控制單元 20‧‧‧front control unit
200‧‧‧前置控制端 200‧‧‧front control terminal
21‧‧‧電源 21‧‧‧Power supply
22‧‧‧第一前置迴路 22‧‧‧First front loop
23‧‧‧第二前置迴路 23‧‧‧Second pre-circuit
230‧‧‧前置回授端 230‧‧‧Pre-return terminal
24‧‧‧後置迴路 24‧‧‧ Rear loop
240‧‧‧後置回授端 240‧‧‧post feedback
25‧‧‧開關單元 25‧‧‧Switch unit
26‧‧‧切換控制單元 26‧‧‧Switch control unit
A‧‧‧輸入端 A‧‧‧ input
B‧‧‧輸出端 B‧‧‧output
C‧‧‧電容 C‧‧‧ capacitor
D1‧‧‧第一二極體 D1‧‧‧First Diode
D2‧‧‧第二二極體 D2‧‧‧ second diode
L1‧‧‧第一前置負載元件 L1‧‧‧First front load component
L2‧‧‧第二前置負載元件 L2‧‧‧Second preload component
L3‧‧‧後置負載元件 L3‧‧‧ rear load component
P1‧‧‧第一運算放大器 P1‧‧‧First Operational Amplifier
Q1‧‧‧前置限流電晶體 Q1‧‧‧Pre-limit current limiting crystal
Q2‧‧‧前置開關電晶體 Q2‧‧‧ front switch transistor
Q3‧‧‧後置限流電晶體 Q3‧‧‧Reset current limiting crystal
R‧‧‧電阻 R‧‧‧resistance
S‧‧‧切換開關 S‧‧‧Toggle switch
V1‧‧‧非反相供電端 V1‧‧‧Non-inverting power supply
V2‧‧‧後置供電端 V2‧‧‧ rear power supply end
Claims (16)
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