TW201500771A - Liquid crystal parallax barrier device for bi-directionally displaying three-dimensional images - Google Patents
Liquid crystal parallax barrier device for bi-directionally displaying three-dimensional images Download PDFInfo
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本發明一種雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置,主要係於習知之液晶視差光柵結構中,在其兩ITO電極層上,個別裝置一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵與一對垂直梳狀視差光柵等兩種視差光柵結構。其中,該一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵,係對應於RGB顏色次畫素為水平排列所構成顯示器螢幕,即對應於Portrait顯示模式使用。另外,該一對垂直梳狀視差光柵,係對應於RGB顏色次畫素為垂直排列所構成顯示器螢幕,即對應於Landscape顯示模式之使用。對於該兩對梳狀視差光柵,透過適當驅動電壓之控制,配合平面顯示器螢幕之使用,除了可顯示二次元影像外,亦可以不同之顯示方向,達到個別顯示三次元影像之目的。 The invention relates to a liquid crystal parallax barrier device for displaying a three-dimensional image in two directions, which is mainly used in a conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier structure. On two ITO electrode layers, a pair of inclined comb-shaped parallax barriers and a pair of vertical comb-like parallaxes are respectively arranged on the two ITO electrode layers. Two kinds of parallax grating structures such as a grating. The pair of oblique comb-shaped parallax barriers are corresponding to the display screen formed by the RGB color sub-pixels being horizontally arranged, that is, corresponding to the Portrait display mode. In addition, the pair of vertical comb-shaped parallax barriers are corresponding to the display screen formed by the vertical arrangement of the RGB color sub-pixels, that is, corresponding to the use of the Landscape display mode. For the two pairs of comb-shaped parallax barriers, through the control of the appropriate driving voltage and the use of the flat display screen, in addition to displaying the secondary image, the display direction can be different to achieve the purpose of displaying the three-dimensional image individually.
如圖1~4所示,係習知液晶視差光柵構成之示意圖。該習知液晶視差光柵(Liquid Crystal Parallax Barrier)50,由上而下,主要係由第一線性偏光片51、第一透明基板52、第一ITO電極層53、第一配向膜層54、一液晶分子層55、第二配向膜層56、第二ITO電極層57、第二透明基板58、與第二線性偏光片59等元件所構成。其中,該第一ITO電極層53,係裝置有一光柵電極63;第二ITO電極層57,則裝置一共電極67;該液晶分子層55,一般係使用TN型之液晶材料;該兩線性偏光片51、59係個別具有一偏光方向,且兩者間係呈相互垂直之狀態。該光柵電極63與共電極67,係由ITO所構成之透明導電極(以下簡稱為電極)。該光柵電極 63之電極結構,係可由垂直條狀式視差光柵、傾斜條狀式視差光柵、或傾斜格狀式視差光柵等光柵結構所構成。有關習知液晶視差光柵之構成,可參考美國專利案號:5,315,377;至於視差光柵相關之原理、各視差光柵結構之設計、光學作用與多視景三次元影像之構成,可參閱論文:“Theory of Parallax Barriers”,Sam H.Kaplan,Vol.59,Journal of the SMPTE,1952:以及請詳閱中華民國專利申請案號:097135421、098113625、98145946、098128986、99107311、99108528、99127429、100140729、101135830、101136929;以及請詳閱中華民國專利案號:391738、359609。以下,為簡化圖示,藉由垂直條狀式視差光柵之結構,以說明習知技術之功效。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a schematic diagram of a conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier is known. The liquid crystal parallax barrier 50 of the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier 50 is mainly composed of a first linear polarizer 51, a first transparent substrate 52, a first ITO electrode layer 53, and a first alignment film layer 54, A liquid crystal molecular layer 55, a second alignment film layer 56, a second ITO electrode layer 57, a second transparent substrate 58, and a second linear polarizer 59 are formed. The first ITO electrode layer 53 is provided with a grating electrode 63; the second ITO electrode layer 57 is a common electrode 67; the liquid crystal molecular layer 55 is generally a TN type liquid crystal material; the two linear polarizers are used. The 51 and 59 series each have a polarization direction, and the two are perpendicular to each other. The grating electrode 63 and the common electrode 67 are transparent conductive electrodes (hereinafter simply referred to as electrodes) made of ITO. The grating electrode The electrode structure of 63 can be constituted by a grating structure such as a vertical stripe type parallax barrier, a tilted stripe type parallax barrier, or a tilted lattice type parallax barrier. For the structure of the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier, reference can be made to U.S. Patent No. 5,315,377; as for the principle of parallax barrier, the design of each parallax barrier structure, the optical function and the composition of the multi-view three-dimensional image, see the paper: "Theory Of Parallax Barriers", Sam H. Kaplan, Vol. 59, Journal of the SMPTE, 1952: and please refer to the Republic of China patent application number: 097135421, 098113625, 98145946, 098128986, 99107311, 99108528, 99127429, 100140729, 101135830, 101136929; and please read the Republic of China patent case number: 391738, 359609. Hereinafter, in order to simplify the illustration, the structure of the vertical strip-shaped parallax barrier is used to explain the effects of the conventional technique.
如圖2所示,係為垂直條狀視差光柵電極結構之示意圖。該第一ITO電極層53,裝置有多數個條狀之光柵電極63,且該多數個電極63,係全數做一電氣之連接,並連接至一電源60。另外,該共電極67則為一單一之電極,亦連接至該電源60。該電源60係可產生一適當之驅動電壓V,以控制該液晶視差光柵50之光學作用。通常,該驅動電壓V係可為一具有適當振幅與週期之方波電氣訊號,以驅動並改變該TN液晶分子空間之排列。 As shown in FIG. 2, it is a schematic diagram of a vertical strip-shaped parallax barrier electrode structure. The first ITO electrode layer 53 is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped grating electrodes 63, and the plurality of electrodes 63 are electrically connected in total and connected to a power source 60. In addition, the common electrode 67 is a single electrode and is also connected to the power source 60. The power supply 60 is capable of generating a suitable driving voltage V to control the optical effect of the liquid crystal parallax barrier 50. Generally, the driving voltage V can be a square wave electrical signal having an appropriate amplitude and period to drive and change the arrangement of the TN liquid crystal molecular space.
當該各電極63與共電極67間之電壓V為零時,如圖1所示,該液晶分子層55之所有液晶分子係呈螺旋狀排列,可讓所有之入射光70穿透該液晶視差光柵50。是以,該液晶視差光柵50係呈透明之狀態。 When the voltage V between the electrodes 63 and the common electrode 67 is zero, as shown in FIG. 1, all the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal molecular layer 55 are arranged in a spiral shape, so that all incident light 70 penetrates the liquid crystal parallax. Grating 50. Therefore, the liquid crystal parallax barrier 50 is in a transparent state.
另外,如圖2所示,當對該各電極63與共電極67間加入一驅動電壓V時,如圖3所示,該各電極63與共電極67間之液晶分子係呈直立狀排列,可達到遮蔽入射光70之效果。是以,該電極63即構成為一遮蔽元件;而各電極63間之區域(稱為非電極區域63’),因無驅動電壓,該處之液晶分子係呈螺旋狀排列,係呈 透光之狀態,是以,該非電極區域63’即構成為一透光元件。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, when a driving voltage V is applied between the electrodes 63 and the common electrode 67, as shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal molecules between the electrodes 63 and the common electrode 67 are arranged in an upright manner. The effect of shielding the incident light 70 can be achieved. Therefore, the electrode 63 is configured as a shielding member; and the region between the electrodes 63 (referred to as the non-electrode region 63') has a driving voltage, and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a spiral shape. In the state of light transmission, the non-electrode region 63' is configured as a light transmitting member.
為了簡化以下之以下之說明,如圖4所示,係該習知液晶視差光柵裝置50功效之示意圖。對應於電極63與非電極區域63’所呈現遮蔽與透光之功效,係用黑色以代表遮蔽元件63a、而白色則代表透光元件63b。亦即,如圖4所示上所示之黑色區域63a係對應電極63;而白色區域63b則對應非電極區63’。是以,藉由外部驅動電壓之控制,該習知液晶視差光柵50,可呈現全部透光之狀態、與光柵遮蔽之狀態,達到2D/3D影像切換之目的。 In order to simplify the following description, as shown in FIG. 4, a schematic diagram of the efficiency of the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier device 50 is shown. Corresponding to the effect of shielding and light transmission exhibited by the electrode 63 and the non-electrode region 63', black is used to represent the shielding member 63a, and white is used to represent the light transmitting member 63b. That is, the black area 63a shown on the upper side as shown in Fig. 4 corresponds to the electrode 63; and the white area 63b corresponds to the non-electrode area 63'. Therefore, by the control of the external driving voltage, the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier 50 can exhibit the state of all light transmission and the state of the grating shielding, and achieve the purpose of 2D/3D image switching.
然而,由於該光柵電極63,係為一固定之電極,係無法同時呈現以不同光柵結構,以達到雙方向顯示3D影像之功效。所謂雙方向顯示顯示3D影像,係指顯示器螢幕以橫向擺設(稱為Landscape顯示模式)、與橫向擺設(稱為Portrait顯示模式)時,皆可顯示3D影像。 However, since the grating electrode 63 is a fixed electrode, it is impossible to simultaneously present different grating structures to achieve the effect of displaying 3D images in both directions. The so-called dual-display display 3D image means that the display screen can display 3D images when it is displayed horizontally (called Landscape display mode) and horizontally (called Portrait display mode).
如圖5~7所示,係習知雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置構成之示意圖(請參考美國專利案號:7,453,529 B2)。對於雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置(Dual-Directional Displaying 3D Image Liquid Crystal Parallax Barrier),以下簡稱為雙方向顯示液晶視差光柵。對於上述該習知液晶視差光柵50之該兩ITO電極層53、57上,該專利係裝置有四組具垂直條狀特徵之梳狀電極set1、set2、set3、set4。其中,由第一電極24d、與第一連接電極24e以構成set1梳狀電極;第二電極24f、與第二連接電極24g以構成set2梳狀電極;第三電極24h、與第三連接電極24j以構成set3梳狀電極;第四電極24i、與第四連接電極24k以構成set4梳狀電極。所謂”梳狀電極(Combed Electrode)”,係因該具有條狀幾何特徵結構之電極24d、24f、24h、24i,係個別連接一條狀幾何特徵結構之連接電極24e、24g、24j、24k,使得外觀成為 具有梳狀之幾何特徵。 As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal parallax barrier device for displaying a three-dimensional image in both directions is known (refer to U.S. Patent No. 7,453,529 B2). The Dual-Directional Displaying 3D Image Liquid Crystal Parallax Barrier is hereinafter referred to as a dual-direction display liquid crystal parallax barrier. For the two ITO electrode layers 53, 57 of the above-described liquid crystal parallax barrier 50, the patented device has four sets of comb electrodes set1, set2, set3, set4 having vertical strip features. The first electrode 24d and the first connection electrode 24e constitute a set1 comb electrode; the second electrode 24f and the second connection electrode 24g form a set2 comb electrode; the third electrode 24h and the third connection electrode 24j The set 3 comb electrodes are formed; the fourth electrode 24i and the fourth connection electrode 24k are configured to form a set 4 comb electrode. The so-called "Combed Electrode" is because the electrodes 24d, 24f, 24h, 24i having strip-like geometric features are connected to the connecting electrodes 24e, 24g, 24j, 24k of the strip-like geometric features, so that Appearance becomes It has a comb-like geometric feature.
其中,該set1梳狀電極與該set2梳狀電極,係以梳子對插之方式,以構成一對梳狀電極(以下簡稱為第一對梳狀電極),並裝置於該第一ITO電極層53;該set3梳狀電極與該set4梳狀電極,同樣以梳子對插之方式,以構成一對梳狀電極(以下簡稱為第二對梳狀電極),並裝置於該第二ITO電極層57。另外,該第一對梳狀電極24d、24f與該第二對梳狀電極24h、24i,其電極裝置之方向,係個別平行於水平(X軸)與垂直(Y軸)。亦即,該兩對梳狀電極,係以彼此垂直之排列,個別裝置於該兩ITO電極層53、57之上。 The set 1 comb electrode and the set 2 comb electrode are comb-plugged to form a pair of comb electrodes (hereinafter simply referred to as a first pair of comb electrodes), and are disposed on the first ITO electrode layer. 53. The set 3 comb electrode and the set 4 comb electrode are also inserted in a comb manner to form a pair of comb electrodes (hereinafter simply referred to as a second pair of comb electrodes), and are disposed on the second ITO electrode layer. 57. Further, the direction of the electrode means of the first pair of comb electrodes 24d, 24f and the second pair of comb electrodes 24h, 24i is individually parallel to the horizontal (X axis) and the vertical (Y axis). That is, the two pairs of comb electrodes are arranged perpendicular to each other and are individually mounted on the two ITO electrode layers 53, 57.
如圖6~7所示,將其中一對梳狀電極(令其為第一對梳狀電極)接地,即可構成一共電極;另外,對另一對梳狀電極(令其為第二梳狀電極)中之一電極(如第四電極24i),提供一適當之驅動電壓V,即可達到呈現條狀視差光柵之效果(該條狀視差光柵係平行於Y軸)。反之,若令第二對梳狀電極接地、且對第二電極24f提供一適當之驅動電壓,亦可達到呈現條狀視差光柵之效果(該條狀視差光柵係平行於X軸)。綜上所述,該習知可雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置,其技術之特徵,係對於習知液晶視差光柵中之第一ITO電極層53、第二ITO電極層57,個別裝置第一對、與第二對梳狀電極、且該第一對、與二對梳狀電極上電極之裝置方向,係具有彼此相互為垂直之特徵。是以,可達到雙方向顯示三次元影像之目的。 As shown in FIGS. 6-7, a pair of comb electrodes (which are the first pair of comb electrodes) are grounded to form a common electrode; and, in addition, to the other pair of comb electrodes (which is a second comb) One of the electrodes (such as the fourth electrode 24i) provides an appropriate driving voltage V to achieve the effect of presenting a strip-shaped parallax barrier (the strip-shaped parallax barrier is parallel to the Y-axis). On the contrary, if the second pair of comb electrodes are grounded and a suitable driving voltage is applied to the second electrodes 24f, the effect of presenting a strip-shaped parallax barrier (the strip-shaped parallax barrier is parallel to the X-axis) can also be achieved. In summary, the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier device capable of displaying a three-dimensional image in two directions is characterized in that the first ITO electrode layer 53 and the second ITO electrode layer 57 in the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier are individually used. The first pair of devices and the second pair of comb electrodes, and the device directions of the first pair and the two pairs of comb electrodes are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, the purpose of displaying a three-dimensional image in both directions can be achieved.
如圖8所示,係習知RGB顏色次畫素為條狀排列所構成顯示器螢幕10之示意圖。所謂RGB顏色次畫素為條狀排列(Strip Configuration),係指該顯示器螢幕10上所裝置的RGB顏色次畫素,於水平方向上(X軸),係以R、G、B之次序排列;於垂直方向上(Y軸),則由同樣顏色之次畫素所構成。或者是,如圖9所示, 於垂直方向上(Y軸),係以R、G、B之次序排列;於水平方向上(X軸),則由同樣顏色之次畫素所構成。 As shown in FIG. 8, a schematic diagram of the display screen 10 formed by the RGB color sub-pixels in a strip arrangement is known. The RGB color sub-pixel is a strip configuration, which refers to the RGB color sub-pixels on the display screen 10, which are arranged in the horizontal direction (X-axis) in the order of R, G, and B. In the vertical direction (Y-axis), it consists of sub-pixels of the same color. Or, as shown in Figure 9, In the vertical direction (Y-axis), they are arranged in the order of R, G, and B; in the horizontal direction (X-axis), they are composed of sub-pixels of the same color.
另外,該單一個次畫素具有PH×PV之大小。其中,PH為次畫素水平寬度、PV為次畫素垂直高度,且具有下式之關係:PV=3PH (1)事實上,將圖8所示之顯示器螢幕10,做一90度之旋轉後,即可得圖9所示之顯示器螢幕10。對於時下智慧型行動電話習用的顯示器螢幕,當該顯示器螢幕係對應於Portrait顯示模式時,該顯示器螢幕10上RGB顏色次畫素的排列,係如圖8所示。當該顯示器螢幕係對應於Landscape顯示模式時,該顯示器螢幕10上RGB顏色次畫素的排列,係如圖9所示。 In addition, the single sub-pixel has a size of P H × P V . Wherein, P H is the sub-pixel horizontal width, P V is the sub-pixel vertical height, and has the following relationship: P V = 3P H (1) In fact, the display screen 10 shown in FIG. 8 is made one. After 90 degrees of rotation, the display screen 10 shown in FIG. 9 is obtained. For the display screen of the current smart mobile phone, when the display screen corresponds to the Portrait display mode, the arrangement of the RGB color sub-pixels on the display screen 10 is as shown in FIG. When the display screen corresponds to the Landscape display mode, the arrangement of the RGB color sub-pixels on the display screen 10 is as shown in FIG.
對於利用上述習知顯示器螢幕10、與該習知雙方向顯示液晶視差光柵,以雙方向顯示三次元影像時,由於該次畫素具有PV=3PH之關係、且為了可取得同樣的最佳觀賞距離(OVD,Optimum Viewing Distance),如圖10~11所示,該遮蔽元件63a、與透光元件63b,需同樣對應一組RGB次畫素的寬度,方能將顯示器螢幕10上之右影像R、左影像L,如圖12所示,於同樣的最佳觀賞距離上的最佳觀賞點(OVP,Optimum Viewing Point),達到同樣的左右影像分離的功效。該左右影像分離的原理,請詳閱上述中華民國專利申請案號、與專利案號。 When the three-dimensional image is displayed in both directions by using the above-described conventional display screen 10 and the conventional two-way display liquid crystal parallax barrier, since the pixel has a relationship of P V =3P H and the same is obtained in order to obtain the same Optimum Viewing Distance (OVD), as shown in FIGS. 10-11, the shielding element 63a and the light transmissive element 63b need to correspond to the width of a set of RGB sub-pixels, so that the display screen 10 can be displayed. The right image R and the left image L, as shown in FIG. 12, achieve the same effect of separating the left and right images by the best viewing point (OVP, Optimum Viewing Point) at the same optimal viewing distance. For the principle of separating the left and right images, please read the above-mentioned Republic of China patent application number and patent case number.
上述圖10所示之構成(Portrait顯示模式),於垂直方向上(Y軸),該垂直條狀遮蔽元件63a、與透光元件63b之裝置方向,係與同一顏色次畫素排列方向平行。另外,上述圖11所示之構成(Landscape顯示模式),於水平方向上(X軸),該垂直條狀遮蔽元件63a、與透光元件63b之裝置方向,係與RGB顏色次畫素排列方向平行。對於上述圖10所示之構成(Portrait顯示模式),當觀賞 者的觀賞位置向右偏離OVP時,如圖13所示,會明顯觀看到畫面顏色偏藍;而觀賞位置向左偏離OVP時,如圖14所示,會明顯觀看到畫面顏色偏紅。對於上述之現象,一般稱為色偏(Color Deviation)之現象。色偏現象的發生,係來自光柵結構設計不良,導致3D影像品質的惡化。 In the configuration shown in FIG. 10 (Portrait display mode), in the vertical direction (Y-axis), the vertical strip-shaped shielding member 63a and the device direction of the light-transmitting element 63b are parallel to the arrangement direction of the same color sub-pixel. Further, in the configuration shown in FIG. 11 (Landscape display mode), in the horizontal direction (X-axis), the vertical strip-shaped shielding member 63a and the device direction of the light-transmitting member 63b are arranged in the RGB color sub-pixel arrangement direction. parallel. For the configuration shown in Fig. 10 above (Portrait display mode), when viewing When the viewing position of the person is offset from the OVP to the right, as shown in FIG. 13, the color of the screen is obviously blued. When the viewing position is shifted to the left by the OVP, as shown in FIG. 14, the color of the screen is obviously reddish. For the above phenomenon, it is generally called the phenomenon of color deviation. The occurrence of color shift phenomenon is caused by poor design of the grating structure, resulting in deterioration of 3D image quality.
針對上述色偏現象之缺失,本發明一種雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置,如圖1所示,主要係於習知之液晶視差光柵結構中,在其兩ITO電極層53、57上,如圖15、16所示,個別裝置一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵與一對垂直梳狀視差光柵等兩種視差光柵結構。其中,如圖17所示,該一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵,係對應於RGB顏色次畫素為水平排列所構成顯示器螢幕10,即對應於Portrait顯示模式使用。另外,如圖18所示,該一對垂直梳狀視差光柵,係對應於RGB顏色次畫素為垂直排列所構成顯示器螢幕10,即對應於Landscape顯示模式之使用。對於該兩對梳狀視差光柵,透過適當驅動電壓之控制,配合平面顯示器螢幕之使用,除了可顯示二次元影像外,亦可以不同之顯示方向,達到個別顯示三次元影像之目的。 In view of the above-mentioned lack of color shift phenomenon, the present invention is a liquid crystal parallax barrier device for displaying a three-dimensional image in two directions, as shown in FIG. 1 , mainly in a conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier structure, on the two ITO electrode layers 53 and 57 . As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the individual device has two types of parallax barrier structures, such as a pair of oblique comb-shaped parallax barriers and a pair of vertical comb-shaped parallax barriers. As shown in FIG. 17, the pair of oblique comb-shaped parallax barriers are configured to correspond to the display screen 10 in which the RGB color sub-pixels are horizontally arranged, that is, corresponding to the Portrait display mode. In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, the pair of vertical comb-shaped parallax barriers correspond to the display screen 10 formed by vertically arranging the RGB color sub-pixels, that is, corresponding to the use of the Landscape display mode. For the two pairs of comb-shaped parallax barriers, through the control of the appropriate driving voltage and the use of the flat display screen, in addition to displaying the secondary image, the display direction can be different to achieve the purpose of displaying the three-dimensional image individually.
10‧‧‧顯示器螢幕 10‧‧‧Display screen
50‧‧‧習知液晶視差光柵 50‧‧‧Legative liquid crystal parallax barrier
51‧‧‧第一線性偏光片 51‧‧‧First linear polarizer
52‧‧‧第一透明基材 52‧‧‧First transparent substrate
53‧‧‧第一ITO電極層 53‧‧‧First ITO electrode layer
53a‧‧‧第一傾斜條狀電極 53a‧‧‧First inclined strip electrode
53b‧‧‧第一連接電極 53b‧‧‧First connection electrode
53c‧‧‧第二傾斜條狀電極 53c‧‧‧Second inclined strip electrode
53d‧‧‧第二連接電極 53d‧‧‧Second connection electrode
53e‧‧‧非電極區 53e‧‧‧Non-electrode zone
53f‧‧‧遮蔽元件電極 53f‧‧‧shadow element electrode
54‧‧‧第一配向膜層 54‧‧‧First alignment film
55‧‧‧液晶分子層 55‧‧‧ liquid crystal molecular layer
56‧‧‧第二配向膜層 56‧‧‧Second alignment film
57‧‧‧第二ITO電極層 57‧‧‧Second ITO electrode layer
57a‧‧‧第三垂直條狀電極 57a‧‧‧third vertical strip electrode
57b‧‧‧第三連接電極 57b‧‧‧ third connecting electrode
57c‧‧‧第四垂直條狀電極 57c‧‧‧fourth vertical strip electrode
57d‧‧‧第四連接電極 57d‧‧‧fourth connecting electrode
57e‧‧‧非電極區 57e‧‧‧Non-electrode zone
57f‧‧‧遮蔽元件電極 57f‧‧‧shadow element electrode
58‧‧‧第二透明基材 58‧‧‧Second transparent substrate
59‧‧‧第二線性偏光片 59‧‧‧Second linear polarizer
60‧‧‧電源 60‧‧‧Power supply
63‧‧‧光柵電極 63‧‧‧Grating electrode
63’‧‧‧非電極區域 63'‧‧‧Non-electrode area
63a‧‧‧遮蔽元件 63a‧‧‧shading components
63b‧‧‧透光元件 63b‧‧‧Lighting element
67‧‧‧共電極 67‧‧‧Common electrode
70‧‧‧入射光 70‧‧‧ incident light
V‧‧‧驅動電壓 V‧‧‧ drive voltage
set1、set2、set3、set4‧‧‧四組具垂直條狀特徵之梳狀電極 Set1, set2, set3, set4‧‧‧ four sets of comb electrodes with vertical strip features
24d‧‧‧第一電極 24d‧‧‧first electrode
24e‧‧‧第一連接電極 24e‧‧‧first connection electrode
24f‧‧‧第二電極 24f‧‧‧second electrode
24g‧‧‧第二連接電極 24g‧‧‧second connecting electrode
24h‧‧‧第三電極 24h‧‧‧ third electrode
24j‧‧‧與第三連接電極 24j‧‧‧ with third connecting electrode
24i‧‧‧第四電極 24i‧‧‧fourth electrode
24k‧‧‧第四連接電極 24k‧‧‧fourth connection electrode
PH‧‧‧次畫素之水平寬度 Horizontal width of P H ‧‧‧ pixels
PV‧‧‧次畫素之垂直高度 P V ‧‧‧ pixels vertical height
X、Y、Z‧‧‧座標系 X, Y, Z‧‧‧ coordinate system
R‧‧‧右影像 R‧‧‧Right image
L‧‧‧左影像 L‧‧‧ left image
n‧‧‧總視景數 N‧‧‧ total number of views
m‧‧‧水平最小視景影像顯示單元次畫素構成之數目 m‧‧‧The number of sub-pixel components in the horizontal minimum view image display unit
Q‧‧‧垂直最小視景影像顯示單元次畫素構成之數目 Q‧‧‧The number of sub-pixel components in the vertical minimum view image display unit
int係‧‧‧取整數之函數 Int is a function of integers
Mod‧‧‧取餘數之函數 Mod‧‧‧ function of remainder
BH、B0‧‧‧透光元件之水平寬度 B H , B 0 ‧‧‧ horizontal width of light-transmitting components
Bv‧‧‧透光元件之垂直高度 B v ‧‧‧Vertical height of light-transmitting elements
B H 、‧‧‧遮蔽元件之水平寬度 B H , ‧‧‧ Horizontal width of the shielding element
BP‧‧‧光柵基本單元之寬度 B P ‧‧‧width of the basic unit of the grating
g‧‧‧非電極區寬度 g‧‧‧Non electrode area width
θ‧‧‧傾斜條狀視差光柵之傾斜角度 Angle of inclination of θ‧‧‧ oblique strip-shaped parallax barrier
Z0‧‧‧最佳觀賞距離 Z 0 ‧‧‧Best viewing distance
LB‧‧‧傾斜條狀視差光柵之裝置距離 L B ‧‧‧ device distance of oblique strip parallax barrier
LH‧‧‧水平最佳視點間距 L H ‧‧‧ horizontal best viewpoint spacing
LV‧‧‧垂直最佳視點間距 L V ‧‧‧Vertical best viewpoint spacing
DH‧‧‧水平最小視景影像顯示單元之寬度 D H ‧‧‧Horizontal minimum view image display unit width
DV‧‧‧垂直最小視景影像顯示單元之寬度 D V ‧‧‧Width of vertical minimum view image display unit
q‧‧‧傾斜率 q‧‧‧Slope rate
△B‧‧‧遮蔽元件水平寬度增加量 △B‧‧‧Shading element horizontal width increase
OVD‧‧‧Optimum Viewing Distance OVD‧‧‧Optimum Viewing Distance
OVP‧‧‧Optimum Viewing Point OVP‧‧‧Optimum Viewing Point
IPD‧‧‧Interpupillary Distance IPD‧‧‧Interpupillary Distance
圖1、3所示,係習知液晶視差光柵構成之示意圖。 1 and 3 are schematic views showing the constitution of a liquid crystal parallax barrier.
圖2所示,係為垂直條狀視差光柵電極結構之示意圖。 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vertical strip-shaped parallax barrier electrode.
圖4所示,係該習知液晶視差光柵裝置功效之示意圖。 4 is a schematic diagram showing the efficacy of the conventional liquid crystal parallax barrier device.
圖5~7所示,係習知雙方向顯示三次元影像之液晶視差光柵裝置構成之示意圖。 5 to 7 are schematic diagrams showing the constitution of a liquid crystal parallax barrier device for displaying a three-dimensional image in both directions.
圖8、9所示,係習知RGB顏色次畫素為條狀排列所構成顯示器螢幕之示意圖。 As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a schematic diagram of a display screen in which RGB color sub-pixels are arranged in a stripe arrangement is known.
圖10、11所示,係由遮蔽元件與透光元件所構成視差光柵結構之示意圖。 10 and 11 are schematic views showing a structure of a parallax barrier formed by a shielding member and a light transmitting member.
圖12所示,係影像分離原理結構之示意圖。 Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of image separation principle.
圖13、14所示,係色偏現象結構之示意圖。 Figures 13 and 14 are schematic views showing the structure of the color shift phenomenon.
圖15、16所示,係本發明視差光柵結構之示意圖。 15 and 16 are schematic views showing the structure of a parallax barrier of the present invention.
圖17所示,係一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵結構之示意圖。 Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pair of inclined comb-shaped parallax barriers.
圖18所示,係一對垂直梳狀視差光柵結構之示意圖。 Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pair of vertical comb-shaped parallax barriers.
圖19、20所示,係視差光柵結構最佳化結構之示意圖。 19 and 20 are schematic views showing an optimized structure of a parallax barrier structure.
如圖15所示,該一對傾斜梳狀視差光柵,係由第一傾斜條狀電極53a、與第一連接電極53b以構成第一組傾斜梳狀電極;第二傾斜條狀電極53c、與第二連接電極53d以構成第二組傾斜梳狀電極。其中,令該第一傾斜梳狀電極53a、與該第二傾斜梳狀電極53c間,具有一寬度為g之非電極區53e。於實際之生產上,對於該非電極區53e寬度g之控制,在現有製程所允許的生產能力下,係盡可能地最小化。另外,令該第一傾斜條狀電極53a,以構成遮蔽元件,具有之寬度。是以,該遮蔽元件的寬度為;而令該第二傾斜條狀電極53c,具有b之寬度,與相鄰的兩個非電極區53e,以構成透光元件。令透光元件的寬度為B0、遮蔽元件的寬度為,具有以下之關係:B0=b+2g (2-1) As shown in FIG. 15, the pair of inclined comb-shaped parallax barriers are composed of a first inclined strip electrode 53a and a first connecting electrode 53b to constitute a first group of inclined comb electrodes; a second inclined strip electrode 53c, and The second connection electrode 53d constitutes a second group of inclined comb electrodes. The first inclined comb electrode 53a and the second inclined comb electrode 53c have a non-electrode region 53e having a width g. In actual production, the control of the width g of the non-electrode region 53e is minimized as much as possible under the production capacity allowed by the existing process. Further, the first inclined strip electrode 53a is configured to constitute a shielding member, and has The width. Therefore, the width of the shielding element is The second inclined strip electrode 53c has a width b and an adjacent two non-electrode regions 53e to constitute a light transmitting element. Let the width of the light-transmitting element be B 0 and the width of the shielding element be , with the following relationship: B 0 = b + 2g (2-1)
如圖16所示,該一對垂直梳狀視差光柵,係由第三垂直條狀 電極57a、與第三連接電極57b以構成第三組垂直梳狀電極;第四垂直條狀電極57c、與第四連接電極57d以構成第四組垂直梳狀電極。其中,該第三垂直條狀電極57a、與該第四垂直條狀電極57c間,具有一寬度為g之非電極區57e。另外,令該第三垂直條狀電極57a,以構成遮蔽元件,具有之寬度,是以,該遮蔽元件的寬度亦為;而令該第四垂直條狀電極57c,具有b之寬度,與相鄰的兩個非電極區57e,以構成透光元件,是以,透光元件的寬度亦為B0、亦具有式(2-1)~(2-3)之關係。 As shown in FIG. 16, the pair of vertical comb-shaped parallax barriers are composed of a third vertical strip electrode 57a and a third connection electrode 57b to form a third group of vertical comb electrodes; a fourth vertical strip electrode 57c, and The fourth connection electrode 57d is configured to constitute a fourth group of vertical comb electrodes. The third vertical strip electrode 57a and the fourth vertical strip electrode 57c have a non-electrode region 57e having a width g. In addition, the third vertical strip electrode 57a is configured to constitute a shielding member, and has The width is such that the width of the shielding element is also The fourth vertical strip electrode 57c has a width b and an adjacent two non-electrode regions 57e to form a light transmissive element. Therefore, the width of the light transmissive element is also B 0 . The relationship between (2-1) and (2-3).
對於視差光柵之基本結構,根據中華民國專利申請案號:101135830中所述,可藉由下列公式以設計:D H =mP H (3) For the basic structure of the parallax barrier, as described in the Republic of China Patent Application No. 101135830, it can be designed by the following formula: D H = mP H (3)
D V =QP V (4) D V = QP V (4)
對於本發明傾斜梳狀視差光柵中電極之基本設計,係對於式(3)~(11)中,代入n=2、m=1、q=1、Q=1等參數、並令、BH=B0,即可得如下設計:D H =3P H (12) For the basic design of the electrode in the inclined comb-shaped parallax barrier of the present invention, for the equations (3) to (11), substituting parameters such as n=2, m=1, q=1, Q=1, and , B H =B 0 , can get the following design: D H =3 P H (12)
D V =P V (13) D V = P V (13)
對於本發明垂直梳狀視差光柵中電極之基本設計,係對於式(3)~(11)中,對於該公式中PH、PV次畫素參數的下標H、V,先對調後,再代入n=2、m=1、q=1、Q=∞等參數、並令、BH=B0, 即可得如下設計:D H =P V (21) For the basic design of the electrode in the vertical comb-shaped parallax barrier of the present invention, for the formulas (3) to (11), for the subscripts H and V of the P h and P V pixel parameters in the formula, the first adjustment is performed. Substituting parameters such as n=2, m=1, q=1, Q=∞, and , B H =B 0 , you can get the following design: D H = P V (21)
D V =∞ (22) D V =∞ (22)
tan θ=0 (23) Tan θ =0 (23)
B V =∞ (28) B V =∞ (28)
L V =∞ (29)是以,當選用RGB顏色次畫素為條狀排列所構成之顯示器螢幕,以作為雙方向顯示三次元影像之時,利用該次畫素具有PV=3PH之關係,可設計取得同樣的透光元件水平寬度B0、為遮蔽元件之水平寬度、最佳觀賞距離(OVD,Optimum Viewing Distance)。 L V = ∞ (29) is that when a display screen composed of RGB color sub-pixels is arranged in a strip shape to display a three-dimensional image in two directions, the pixel has P V = 3P H Relationship, can be designed to achieve the same horizontal width B 0 of the light transmitting element, To shield the horizontal width of the component, the optimal viewing distance (OVD, Optimum Viewing Distance).
另外,對於視差光柵結構之最佳化,根據中華民國專利申請案號:098128986中所述,如圖19、20所示,可藉由適當增加遮蔽元件電極之水平寬度53f、57f,亦即,增加遮蔽元件電極水平寬度一適當之量△B、同時對該透光元件電極水平寬度縮減同樣之△B,以達到增加水平觀賞自由度。是以,實際的透光元件水平寬度、遮蔽元件之水平寬度、以及水平遮蔽寬度△B,可具有如下之關係:
以上所述,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不能以之限定本發明所實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明申請專利範圍所作之均等變化與修飾,皆應仍屬於本發明專利涵蓋之範圍內。如前述本發明所例舉實施例,雖然是藉由RGB顏色畫素為條狀排列之顯示器螢幕、垂直條狀與傾斜條狀視差光柵之結構,以說明本發明之功效。本發明之方法,亦可適用於垂直柱狀透鏡陣列、傾斜柱狀透鏡陣列之應用。謹請 貴審查委員明鑑,並祈惠准,是所至禱。 The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the present invention should still be covered by the present invention. Within the scope. As described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, the structure of the display screen, the vertical strips, and the oblique strip-shaped parallax barriers in which the RGB color pixels are arranged in stripes is used to explain the effects of the present invention. The method of the present invention can also be applied to the application of a vertical cylindrical lens array and a tilted cylindrical lens array. I would like to ask your review board member to give a clear explanation and pray for it. It is the prayer.
53‧‧‧第一ITO電極層 53‧‧‧First ITO electrode layer
53a‧‧‧第一傾斜條狀電極 53a‧‧‧First inclined strip electrode
53b‧‧‧第一連接電極 53b‧‧‧First connection electrode
53c‧‧‧第二傾斜條狀電極 53c‧‧‧Second inclined strip electrode
53d‧‧‧第二連接電極 53d‧‧‧Second connection electrode
53e‧‧‧非電極區 53e‧‧‧Non-electrode zone
B0‧‧‧透光元件之水平寬度 B 0 ‧‧‧Horizontal width of light-transmitting elements
‧‧‧遮蔽元件之水平寬度 ‧‧‧ Horizontal width of the shielding element
BP‧‧‧光柵基本單元之寬度 B P ‧‧‧width of the basic unit of the grating
g‧‧‧非電極區寬度 g‧‧‧Non electrode area width
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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TW102121541A TWI510813B (en) | 2013-06-18 | 2013-06-18 | A liquid crystal parallax barrier device that displays three-dimensional images in both directions |
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TWI596529B (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2017-08-21 | 宸鴻科技控股有限公司 | Transparent capacitive touch panel and electrode structure thereof |
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US8964013B2 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2015-02-24 | Broadcom Corporation | Display with elastic light manipulator |
TW201144862A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-16 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Image display |
TW201217833A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2012-05-01 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Parallax barrier, method of adjusting parallax barrier transmittance and 3D display |
TW201310070A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Method and apparatus for autostereoscopic display |
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