TW201500100A - Vacuum evaporation-type water-making device - Google Patents
Vacuum evaporation-type water-making device Download PDFInfo
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- TW201500100A TW201500100A TW102131828A TW102131828A TW201500100A TW 201500100 A TW201500100 A TW 201500100A TW 102131828 A TW102131828 A TW 102131828A TW 102131828 A TW102131828 A TW 102131828A TW 201500100 A TW201500100 A TW 201500100A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/046—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation under vacuum produced by a barometric column
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J1/00—Arrangements of installations for producing fresh water, e.g. by evaporation and condensation of sea water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
- B63J2002/125—Heating; Cooling making use of waste energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/001—Build in apparatus for autonomous on board water supply and wastewater treatment (e.g. for aircrafts, cruiseships, oil drilling platforms, railway trains, space stations)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明是一種有關於用以從海水製造淡水的真空蒸發式造水裝置。 The present invention is a vacuum evaporative water generator for producing fresh water from seawater.
至今，在海上運行的船舶，是利用來自於搭載在船舶之鍋爐的蒸氣、或是來自柴油引擎或其他機器的廢熱來作為熱源，使從海裡汲取來的海水在高真空下蒸發而製造淡水。此種真空蒸發式造水裝置，例如已提案如記載於專利文獻1者。 Up to now, ships operating at sea use steam from a boiler installed in a ship or waste heat from a diesel engine or other equipment as a heat source to evaporate seawater extracted from the sea under high vacuum to produce fresh water. Such a vacuum evaporation type water generator is proposed, for example, as described in Patent Document 1.
記載於專利文獻1的真空蒸發式造水裝置，如圖9及圖10所示，具備有：使所供給之原料海水加熱而蒸發的加熱器2、及使加熱器2所產生的蒸氣冷凝而淡水化的冷凝器3。在加熱器2內，具備有複數的加熱管，藉由與導入加熱器2內之使用於冷卻柴油引擎等的溫水間的熱交換，使流通於各加熱管內的原料海水加熱、蒸發，藉此將蒸氣供給至冷凝器3。在冷凝器3，設有具備複數傳熱管的凝結器5，藉由與流通於傳熱管內部之冷卻用海水間的熱交換來使蒸氣冷卻、冷凝，藉此進行淡水化。冷凝器3內，藉 由水噴射器等之減壓手段7來保持為減壓(真空)狀態。從凝結器5排出的冷卻用海水，一部分被預熱器6加熱後，會作為原料海水而被供給至加熱器2，剩下的部分則會排出船舶外等。 As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the vacuum evaporation type water-making apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a heater 2 that evaporates the supplied raw material seawater and evaporates, and condenses the steam generated by the heater 2. Desalination condenser 3. In the heater 2, a plurality of heating pipes are provided, and the seawater flowing through the heating pipes in the respective heating pipes is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with the warm water used for cooling the diesel engine or the like introduced into the heater 2. Thereby, the vapor is supplied to the condenser 3. The condenser 3 is provided with a condenser 5 having a plurality of heat transfer tubes, and the steam is cooled and condensed by heat exchange with the seawater for cooling flowing through the inside of the heat transfer tubes, thereby performing desalination. In the condenser 3, borrow The pressure reducing means 7 such as a water ejector is maintained in a reduced pressure (vacuum) state. A part of the seawater for cooling discharged from the condenser 5 is heated by the preheater 6, and is supplied to the heater 2 as raw material seawater, and the remaining portion is discharged to the outside of the ship.
上述構成之真空蒸發式造水裝置，加熱器2的上 端部是藉由螺栓及螺帽之固接而連接、固定於冷凝器3的下端部，加熱器2是以懸吊狀態支持於冷凝器3。在冷凝器3的外周面，安裝有具有4根腳部11的架台10，冷凝器3及加熱器2是藉由架台10而支持於底板面上。 The above-mentioned vacuum evaporation type water generating device, on the heater 2 The end portion is connected and fixed to the lower end portion of the condenser 3 by fastening of a bolt and a nut, and the heater 2 is supported by the condenser 3 in a suspended state. On the outer peripheral surface of the condenser 3, a gantry 10 having four leg portions 11 is attached, and the condenser 3 and the heater 2 are supported by the gantry 10 on the bottom plate surface.
【專利文獻1】日本發明公開公報特開平6-254534號 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 6-254534
在上述構成之真空蒸發式造水裝置中，當進行除去附著於加熱管的積垢、或加熱器2內之洗淨等維護作業之時，在一面支持住加熱器2、一面解除其與冷凝器3之間的螺栓及螺帽之固定後，必須將加熱器2從腳部11間的空間搬出至架台10外側的開放空間。但是，由於加熱器2的形狀較大、重量也很龐大，僅以人力難以將加熱器2搬出至架台10的外側。因此，在加熱器2的搬出作業中，為了支撐加熱器2的重量，一面以鏈吊車等將加熱器2吊起、一面將之從冷 凝器3卸下而搬出至架台10的外側，又，在維護後的加熱器2之安裝作業中，也照著與上述相反的順序來進行，這樣會使維護作業的規模龐大而耗費諸多的勞力。 In the vacuum evaporation type water generator of the above-described configuration, when the maintenance work such as the removal of the deposit on the heating pipe or the washing in the heater 2 is performed, the heater 2 is supported while being lifted and condensed. After fixing the bolts and the nuts between the devices 3, the heater 2 must be carried out from the space between the leg portions 11 to the open space outside the gantry 10. However, since the heater 2 has a large shape and a large weight, it is difficult to carry out the heater 2 to the outside of the gantry 10 only by human power. Therefore, in order to support the weight of the heater 2 during the carrying out operation of the heater 2, the heater 2 is lifted by a chain crane or the like while being cooled from the cold. The condenser 3 is removed and carried out to the outside of the gantry 10, and in the installation work of the heater 2 after maintenance, in the reverse order of the above, the maintenance work is large and costly. Labor.
本發明是著眼於上述課題而做成者，目的在於提供一種可輕易地進行加熱器維護作業的真空蒸發式造水裝置。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the invention to provide a vacuum evaporation type water generator which can easily perform a heater maintenance operation.
本發明之上述目的，可由如下之真空蒸發式造水裝置來達成：是一種從海水製造淡水的真空蒸發式造水裝置，具備有：加熱器，將原料海水加熱而生成蒸氣；冷凝器，將前述加熱器以懸吊狀態可裝卸地進行支持，並將前述加熱器所產生的蒸氣藉由冷卻用海水來冷卻而生成淡水；架台，具有安裝於前述冷凝器且將前述冷凝器及前述加熱器支持於底板面上的複數之腳部；及搬出搬入手段，介於至少1個前述腳部與前述加熱器之間，可一面支持前述加熱器、一面從前述腳部之間將前述加熱器搬出搬入於前述架台之內外。 The above object of the present invention can be attained by a vacuum evaporating water-making device which is a vacuum evaporating water-making device for producing fresh water from seawater, comprising: a heater for heating raw material seawater to generate steam; and a condenser; The heater is detachably supported in a suspended state, and the steam generated by the heater is cooled by cooling seawater to generate fresh water; the gantry has a condenser attached to the condenser and the heater and the heater Supporting a plurality of leg portions on the bottom plate surface; and carrying out the loading and unloading means between at least one of the leg portions and the heater, and supporting the heater from the leg portion while supporting the heater Moved inside and outside the aforementioned gantry.
在上述構成之真空蒸發式造水裝置的適宜實施態樣中，前述搬出搬入手段，是由如下之樞紐機構所構成：以安裝於前述腳部的旋動軸為中心，使前述加熱器對於前述腳部旋動的樞紐機構。 In a preferred embodiment of the vacuum evaporating water-making apparatus configured as described above, the loading/unloading means is constituted by a hinge mechanism that fixes the heater to the center of the swivel shaft attached to the leg portion A pivoting mechanism for the foot.
在此實施態樣中，前述樞紐機構更具備有：安裝於前述旋動軸的支持構件、以及安裝於前述加熱器之外周面的固定構件，且將前述固定構件固定成對於前述支持構 件可朝上下方向滑動，以使前述加熱器可朝上下方向變位。 In this embodiment, the hub mechanism further includes: a support member attached to the rotating shaft, and a fixing member attached to a peripheral surface of the heater, and fixing the fixing member to the support structure The member can be slid in the up and down direction so that the heater can be displaced in the up and down direction.
又，前述樞紐機構是將前述旋動軸固定成對於前述腳部可朝上下方向滑動，以使前述加熱器可朝上下方向變位。 Further, the hinge mechanism fixes the rotation shaft so as to be slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the leg portion so that the heater can be displaced in the vertical direction.
在上述構成之真空蒸發式造水裝置的適宜的其他實施態樣中，前述搬出搬入手段是由如下之滑動機構所構成：使前述加熱器沿著朝水平方向延伸地安裝於至少2個前述腳部的導軌而滑動的滑動機構。 In another preferred embodiment of the vacuum evaporating water-making apparatus configured as described above, the loading/unloading means is constituted by a sliding mechanism that is attached to at least two of the aforementioned feet so as to extend in the horizontal direction. A sliding mechanism that slides along the rails of the part.
在此實施態樣中，前述滑動機構更具備有：安裝於前述加熱器之外周面且行進於前述各導軌上的行進輥，並且，前述行進輥是配備於較前述導軌為上方，以使前述加熱器可朝上下方向變位。 In this embodiment, the sliding mechanism further includes: a traveling roller that is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the heater and travels on each of the guide rails, and the traveling roller is disposed above the rail to make the aforementioned The heater can be displaced in the up and down direction.
此外，在上述構成之真空蒸發式造水裝置的所有實施態樣中，宜更具備有起重機裝置，在前述加熱器往下方變位之際，可升降地支持前述加熱器。 Further, in all of the embodiments of the vacuum evaporating water-making apparatus configured as described above, it is preferable to further include a crane device for supporting the heater when the heater is displaced downward.
根據本發明之真空蒸發式造水裝置，在進行加熱器的維護作業之際，由於在解除冷凝器與加熱器間的固定之後，可輕易地把加熱器從腳部之間搬出至架台外側的開放空間，所以可輕易地進行維護作業。 According to the vacuum evaporating water-making apparatus of the present invention, when the heater is maintained, the heater can be easily carried out from between the feet to the outside of the gantry after the fixing between the condenser and the heater is released. Open space, so maintenance can be easily performed.
1‧‧‧真空蒸發式造水裝置 1‧‧‧Vacuum evaporative water generator
2‧‧‧加熱器 2‧‧‧heater
3‧‧‧冷凝器 3‧‧‧Condenser
4‧‧‧汽水分離手段 4‧‧‧Soda-water separation means
5‧‧‧凝結器 5‧‧‧Condenser
6‧‧‧預熱器 6‧‧‧Preheater
7‧‧‧減壓手段 7‧‧‧Decompression
8‧‧‧搬出搬入手段 8‧‧‧ Moving out
9‧‧‧起重機裝置 9‧‧‧ crane device
10‧‧‧架台 10‧‧‧ 台台
11‧‧‧腳部 11‧‧‧ feet
12‧‧‧基台部 12‧‧‧Base Department
13‧‧‧連結構件 13‧‧‧Connected components
14‧‧‧支持台 14‧‧‧Support desk
15‧‧‧起重機螺栓 15‧‧‧ Crane bolts
16‧‧‧支持板 16‧‧‧Support board
17‧‧‧螺釘軸 17‧‧‧ Screw shaft
18‧‧‧螺栓頭部 18‧‧‧Bolt head
19‧‧‧保險螺帽 19‧‧‧ insurance nut
20‧‧‧上部管 20‧‧‧ upper tube
21‧‧‧下部管 21‧‧‧Lower tube
22‧‧‧加熱管 22‧‧‧ heating tube
23‧‧‧原料海水導入口 23‧‧‧ Raw material seawater inlet
24‧‧‧原料海水供給線 24‧‧‧ Raw seawater supply line
25‧‧‧溫水導入管 25‧‧‧Warm water inlet pipe
26‧‧‧溫水排出管 26‧‧‧Warm water discharge pipe
27A‧‧‧螺栓 27A‧‧‧Bolts
27B‧‧‧螺帽 27B‧‧‧ Nuts
28A‧‧‧螺栓 28A‧‧‧Bolts
28B‧‧‧螺帽 28B‧‧‧ Nuts
29‧‧‧原料海水出口 29‧‧‧ Raw material seawater export
30‧‧‧套管 30‧‧‧ casing
31‧‧‧水平管 31‧‧‧ horizontal tube
32‧‧‧第1頭部 32‧‧‧1st head
32A、33A‧‧‧冷凝用頭部室 32A, 33A‧‧‧ Condensing head room
33‧‧‧第2頭部 33‧‧‧2nd head
32B、33B‧‧‧預熱用頭部室 32B, 33B‧‧‧Preheating head room
34‧‧‧開口 34‧‧‧ openings
35、36‧‧‧分隔板 35, 36‧‧‧ partition board
37‧‧‧冷卻水入口 37‧‧‧Cooling water inlet
38‧‧‧淡水出口 38‧‧‧ Freshwater exports
39‧‧‧冷卻水出口 39‧‧‧Cooling water outlet
40‧‧‧汽水分離板 40‧‧‧Soda water separation board
41‧‧‧篩網分離器 41‧‧‧Screen separator
42‧‧‧除氣口 42‧‧‧Exhaust port
43‧‧‧鹽水出口 43‧‧‧Salt outlet
44‧‧‧淡水送出線 44‧‧‧ fresh water delivery line
45‧‧‧原料海水入口 45‧‧‧ Raw seawater inlet
50‧‧‧傳熱管 50‧‧‧ heat transfer tube
60‧‧‧傳熱管 60‧‧‧ heat transfer tube
80‧‧‧旋動軸 80‧‧‧Rotary axis
81‧‧‧支持構件 81‧‧‧Support components
82‧‧‧固定構件 82‧‧‧Fixed components
83‧‧‧軸承 83‧‧‧ bearing
84‧‧‧螺栓孔 84‧‧‧Bolt holes
85‧‧‧位置調整孔 85‧‧‧ Position adjustment hole
86‧‧‧導軌 86‧‧‧rails
86A‧‧‧端部 86A‧‧‧End
87‧‧‧行進輥 87‧‧‧Travel roller
88‧‧‧安裝具 88‧‧‧Installation
A-A‧‧‧線 A-A‧‧‧ line
P1‧‧‧噴射泵 P1‧‧‧jet pump
P2‧‧‧蒸餾水泵 P2‧‧‧Distillation pump
【圖1】顯示本發明一實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置重要部分的概略構成的正面圖。 Fig. 1 is a front elevational view showing a schematic configuration of an essential part of a vacuum evaporation type water generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【圖2】從圖1之A-A線看來的平面圖。 Fig. 2 is a plan view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1.
【圖3】顯示真空蒸發式造水裝置之內部構成的截面圖。 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of a vacuum evaporation type water generator.
【圖4】顯示加熱器旋動的樣子的說明圖。 Fig. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the heater is rotated.
【圖5】顯示加熱器旋動的樣子的說明圖。 Fig. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the heater is rotated.
【圖6】顯示本發明其他實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置重要部分的概略構成的側面圖。 Fig. 6 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an essential part of a vacuum evaporation type water generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【圖7】圖6的正面圖。 Fig. 7 is a front view of Fig. 6.
【圖8】顯示本發明其他實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置重要部分的概略構成的正面圖。 Fig. 8 is a front elevational view showing a schematic configuration of an essential part of a vacuum evaporation type water generator according to another embodiment of the present invention.
【圖9】習知例之真空蒸發式造水裝置重要部分的正面圖。 Fig. 9 is a front elevational view showing an essential part of a vacuum evaporation type water generating device of a conventional example.
【圖10】圖9的平面圖。 Fig. 10 is a plan view of Fig. 9.
以下，一面參照附圖，一面說明本發明之實施形態。圖1及圖2顯示了本發明一實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置1重要部分(搬出搬入手段8)的概略構成。又，圖3顯示真空蒸發式造水裝置1的內部構成。另外，本發明之真空蒸發式造水裝置1與圖9及圖10所示之習知例的真空蒸發式造水裝置最不同的點，是具備了可一面支持加熱器2、一面將加熱器2搬出搬入於架台10內外的搬出搬入手段8，其他基本的構成與習知例之真空蒸發式造水裝置幾乎都相同。因此，在以下的說明中，也參照圖9及圖10，對於本發明之真空蒸發式造水裝置1與習知例之真空蒸發式造水裝置間的 同樣構成附加同樣符號來進行說明。又，在以下的說明中，為了方便說明，把圖2及圖10之下側作為正面側，上側作為背面側，左右側則作為左側面側及右側面側。並且，在其他圖示中，也以上述為基準來進行說明。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show schematic configurations of an important part (loading/unloading means 8) of the vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 3 shows the internal structure of the vacuum evaporation type water generator 1. Further, the vacuum evaporating apparatus 1 of the present invention is different from the vacuum evaporating apparatus of the conventional example shown in Figs. 9 and 10 in that it is provided with a heater 2 while supporting the heater. (2) The unloading and loading means 8 carried in and out of the gantry 10 is carried out, and the other basic configuration is almost the same as that of the vacuum evaporating apparatus of the conventional example. Therefore, in the following description, referring also to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, between the vacuum evaporation type water generating apparatus 1 of the present invention and the vacuum evaporation type water generating apparatus of the conventional example. The same components are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the lower side of FIGS. 2 and 10 is referred to as the front side, the upper side is the back side, and the left and right sides are the left side and the right side. Further, in the other drawings, the description will be made based on the above.
本實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置1具備有：加 熱器2、具有汽水分離手段4、凝結器5及預熱器6的冷凝器3、將加熱器2及冷凝器3支持於底板面上的架台10、以及介於加熱器2及架台10之間的上述之搬出搬入手段8。另外，在圖3中，符號P1是用以從海裡汲取海水的噴射泵，以噴射泵P1汲取來的海水，在供給至安裝於冷凝器3的水噴射器7之後，作為真空蒸發式造水裝置1的造水用之冷卻水而供給至凝結器5。水噴射器7構成了將冷凝器3內保持減壓(真空)狀態的減壓手段。 The vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 of the present embodiment is provided with: The heat exchanger 2, the condenser 3 having the steam-water separating means 4, the condenser 5 and the preheater 6, the gantry 10 supporting the heater 2 and the condenser 3 on the bottom plate surface, and the heater 2 and the gantry 10 The above-described carry-out/transfer means 8 is provided. In addition, in Fig. 3, the symbol P1 is an injection pump for drawing seawater from the sea, and the seawater extracted by the injection pump P1 is supplied to the water injector 7 installed in the condenser 3 as a vacuum evaporation type water generation. The water for the water for the device 1 is supplied to the condenser 5 by the cooling water. The water ejector 7 constitutes a pressure reducing means for maintaining the inside of the condenser 3 in a reduced pressure (vacuum) state.
加熱器2具備有：配置於上下的圓筒狀之上部管 20及下部管21、及設在上部管20內的複數之加熱管22。上部管20與下部管21，是藉由螺栓27A及螺帽27B的固接而連接及固定。複數之加熱管22是配備成朝上下方向延伸於上部管20內，且兩端部固定於上部管20的上壁面及下壁面。 在下部管21，設有原料海水導入口23，藉由從原料海水供給線24(如圖8及圖9所示)將原料海水導入至下部管21的內部，來將原料海水導入至各加熱管22。在上部管20的側壁面，上下連接有分別將使用於柴油引擎冷卻等之缸套冷卻水等的溫水導入及排出的圓筒狀之溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26。導入至各加熱管22的原料海水，是藉由與從溫水 導入管25導入至上部管20內的溫水間的熱交換，來加熱而蒸發，成為蒸氣然後被供給至冷凝器3內。 The heater 2 is provided with a cylindrical upper tube disposed above and below 20 and a lower tube 21, and a plurality of heating tubes 22 disposed in the upper tube 20. The upper tube 20 and the lower tube 21 are connected and fixed by fastening of the bolt 27A and the nut 27B. The plurality of heating pipes 22 are provided so as to extend in the vertical direction in the upper pipe 20, and both end portions are fixed to the upper wall surface and the lower wall surface of the upper pipe 20. The raw material seawater introduction port 23 is provided in the lower pipe 21, and the raw material seawater is introduced into the lower pipe 21 from the raw seawater supply line 24 (as shown in Figs. 8 and 9) to introduce the raw material seawater into each heating. Tube 22. In the side wall surface of the upper pipe 20, a cylindrical warm water introduction pipe 25 and a warm water discharge pipe 26 for introducing and discharging warm water such as cooling water of a jacket such as a diesel engine cooling are connected to the upper and lower sides. The raw seawater introduced into each heating pipe 22 is made by warm water The introduction pipe 25 is introduced into the heat exchange between the warm water in the upper pipe 20, heated, evaporated, and then supplied to the condenser 3 as steam.
冷凝器3具備有直徑比加熱器2之上部管20及下 部管21大的圓筒狀之套管30，加熱器2之上部管20藉由螺栓28A及螺帽28B的固接而連接及固定於套管30之下端部。如此，加熱器2是以懸吊狀態可裝卸地支持於冷凝器3，套管30的內部成為從加熱器2所供給之蒸氣流通的蒸氣流路。在套管30的上部，貫通套管30地設有成為凝結器5及預熱器6外殼的圓筒狀之水平管31。在水平管31的兩端部，分別連接有第1頭部32及第2頭部33。在套管30的下部，設有從蒸氣捕捉液滴的汽水分離手段4。在本實施形態中，汽水分離手段4是由汽水分離板40、以及把由細線條所形成的網目較細的網體多層積層的篩網分離器41所構成。在套管30內之水平管31的上端中央部，形成有用以將蒸氣導入水平管31內的開口34。 The condenser 3 is provided with a diameter larger than the upper tube 20 of the heater 2 and below The cylindrical tube 30 having a large tube 21 and the upper tube 20 of the heater 2 are connected and fixed to the lower end portion of the sleeve 30 by the fastening of the bolt 28A and the nut 28B. In this manner, the heater 2 is detachably supported by the condenser 3 in a suspended state, and the inside of the sleeve 30 serves as a vapor flow path through which the steam supplied from the heater 2 flows. In the upper portion of the sleeve 30, a cylindrical horizontal tube 31 which is a casing of the condenser 5 and the preheater 6 is provided through the sleeve 30. The first head portion 32 and the second head portion 33 are connected to both end portions of the horizontal pipe 31, respectively. At the lower portion of the sleeve 30, a vapor-water separating means 4 for trapping droplets from the vapor is provided. In the present embodiment, the steam-water separating means 4 is composed of a steam-water separating plate 40 and a screen separator 41 in which a mesh body having a fine mesh formed by thin lines is laminated in a plurality of layers. In the central portion of the upper end of the horizontal pipe 31 in the casing 30, an opening 34 for introducing steam into the horizontal pipe 31 is formed.
凝結器5是用來把供給至冷凝器3內的蒸氣冷卻 而生成淡水的東西，於內部具備有複數的傳熱管50。各傳熱管50是配備成朝水平方向延伸，其兩端部固定於水平管31的左壁面及右壁面，與第1及第2兩頭部32、33的內部連通。在構成凝結器5之傳熱管50的上方，設有構成預熱器6的複數之傳熱管60。該等複數之傳熱管60也是配備成朝水平方向延伸，其兩端部固定於水平管31的左壁面及右壁面，與第1及第2兩頭部32、33的內部連通。 The condenser 5 is for cooling the steam supplied into the condenser 3 The water-generating material is provided with a plurality of heat transfer tubes 50 therein. Each of the heat transfer tubes 50 is provided to extend in the horizontal direction, and both end portions thereof are fixed to the left wall surface and the right wall surface of the horizontal pipe 31, and communicate with the inside of the first and second head portions 32 and 33. Above the heat transfer tubes 50 constituting the condenser 5, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 60 constituting the preheater 6 are provided. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 60 are also provided to extend in the horizontal direction, and both end portions thereof are fixed to the left wall surface and the right wall surface of the horizontal pipe 31, and communicate with the inside of the first and second head portions 32 and 33.
第1及第2兩頭部32、33內，分別藉由分隔板35、 36，區劃成上方的預熱用頭部室32B、33B與下方的冷凝用頭部室32A、32B。在第1頭部32的冷凝用頭部32A，設有冷卻水入口37，把用來將蒸氣冷卻、冷凝的冷卻用海水導入。 在冷卻水入口37，連接有水噴射器7，把來自於噴射泵P1的海水導入作為冷卻水。當導入至第1頭部32之冷凝用頭部32A的冷卻用海水，流通於各傳熱管50內，而朝向另一邊的第2頭部33之冷凝用頭部33A流時，則被供給至水平管31內的蒸氣會因為與冷卻用海水間的熱交換而冷卻，藉此來進行冷凝。藉由冷凝所生成的淡水，透過設在水平管31下端部的淡水出口38而從淡水送出線44(顯示於圖9及圖10)取出，藉由蒸餾水泵P2送至清水槽(未圖示)。在第2頭部33的冷凝用頭部33A，設有把來自於各傳熱管50的冷卻用海水排出的冷卻水出口39，從冷卻水出口39排出的冷卻用海水，例如會通過冷卻用海水排出線(未圖示)而排出至船舶外等。 The first and second heads 32 and 33 are respectively separated by a partition plate 35, 36. The preheating head chambers 32B and 33B and the lower condensation head chambers 32A and 32B are divided. In the condensation head portion 32A of the first head portion 32, a cooling water inlet 37 is provided to introduce cooling seawater for cooling and condensing the steam. At the cooling water inlet 37, a water ejector 7 is connected, and seawater from the jet pump P1 is introduced as cooling water. When the seawater for cooling introduced into the condensation head portion 32A of the first head portion 32 flows through the heat transfer tubes 50 and flows toward the condensation head portion 33A of the second head portion 33 on the other side, it is supplied. The vapor in the horizontal pipe 31 is cooled by heat exchange with the sea water for cooling, thereby performing condensation. The fresh water generated by the condensation is taken out from the fresh water supply line 44 (shown in FIGS. 9 and 10) through the fresh water outlet 38 provided at the lower end of the horizontal pipe 31, and sent to the clean water tank by the distilled water pump P2 (not shown). ). In the condensation head portion 33A of the second head portion 33, a cooling water outlet 39 for discharging the cooling seawater from each of the heat transfer tubes 50 is provided, and the cooling seawater discharged from the cooling water outlet 39 is cooled, for example. The seawater discharge line (not shown) is discharged to the outside of the ship.
在第2頭部的分隔板36，設有把從凝結器5排出的 冷卻用海水之一部分導入的原料海水入口45。由凝結器5排出的冷卻用海水之一部分，透過原料海水入口45，導入至第2頭部33的預熱用頭部室33B。然後，流通於構成預熱器6的各傳熱管60內，朝向另一邊的第1頭部32之預熱用頭部室32B流。此時，冷卻用海水在流通於各傳熱管60內之際，會藉由與被供給至水平管31內的蒸氣間的熱交換而被加熱。 在第1頭部32的預熱用頭部室32B，設有排出冷卻用海水的原料海水出口29。由原料海水出口29排出的冷卻用海水，透過原料海水供給線24(顯示於圖9及圖10)作為原料海水而 被供給至加熱器2的下部管21內。 The partition plate 36 of the second head is provided to be discharged from the condenser 5. A raw seawater inlet 45 into which a portion of the seawater is introduced is cooled. A part of the cooling seawater discharged from the condenser 5 is introduced into the preheating head chamber 33B of the second head portion 33 through the raw material seawater inlet 45. Then, it flows through the heat transfer tubes 60 constituting the preheater 6, and flows toward the preheating head chamber 32B of the first head portion 32 on the other side. At this time, when the seawater for cooling flows in each of the heat transfer tubes 60, it is heated by heat exchange with the steam supplied into the horizontal pipe 31. In the preheating head chamber 32B of the first head portion 32, a raw material seawater outlet 29 through which cooling seawater is discharged is provided. The seawater for cooling discharged from the raw material seawater outlet 29 passes through the raw seawater supply line 24 (shown in Figs. 9 and 10) as raw material seawater. It is supplied into the lower tube 21 of the heater 2.
在水平管31之套管30外的上端部，設有除氣口 42，並且，在套管30的下端部，設有鹽水出口43。除氣口42是透過氣體線(未圖示)而與水噴射器7連接，藉由水噴射器7吸引水平管31內部的非凝結性氣體，將水平管31或套管30內保持為比大氣壓低的減壓(真空)狀態，藉此，在水平管31或套管30內，以減壓(真空)狀態進行原料海水的蒸發、冷凝。又，鹽水出口43是透過鹽水排出線(未圖示)而與水噴射器7連接，把在套管30內已蒸發後的鹽水(海水)從鹽水出口43藉由水噴射器7進行吸引後，排出至船舶外。 At the upper end of the sleeve 30 of the horizontal pipe 31, a gas removal port is provided 42. Also, at the lower end portion of the sleeve 30, a brine outlet 43 is provided. The deaeration port 42 is connected to the water ejector 7 through a gas line (not shown), and the non-condensable gas inside the horizontal pipe 31 is sucked by the water ejector 7, and the horizontal pipe 31 or the casing 30 is maintained at a specific atmospheric pressure. In a low pressure-reduced (vacuum) state, evaporation and condensation of the raw material seawater are performed in a reduced pressure (vacuum) state in the horizontal pipe 31 or the casing 30. Further, the brine outlet 43 is connected to the water ejector 7 through a brine discharge line (not shown), and the brine (seawater) evaporated in the jacket 30 is sucked from the brine outlet 43 by the water ejector 7 , discharged to the outside of the ship.
冷凝器3及加熱器2，是藉由架台10而被支持於底 板面上。架台10具有安裝在形成冷凝器3外殼之套管30外周面的複數根(本實施形態中為4根)腳部11，加熱器2是收納在複數根腳部11(架台10)的內部空間的中央部。各腳部11在本實施形態中，是形成為截面看來呈L字狀，上部以熔接等固定於冷凝器3(套管30)的外周面。另外，腳部的形狀不限於截面看來呈L字狀者，只要是適合安裝在冷凝器3(套管30)外周面的形狀即可。在各腳部11的下端部，一體地設有平板狀的基台部12，各腳部11可藉由基台部12安定地立於底板面上。各腳部11是藉由鄰接的腳部11、及下部間為平板狀的連結構件13所連結。 The condenser 3 and the heater 2 are supported by the gantry 10 at the bottom On the board. The gantry 10 has a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) leg portions 11 attached to the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 30 forming the outer casing of the condenser 3, and the heater 2 is housed in the internal space of the plurality of leg portions 11 (the gantry 10). Central department. In the present embodiment, each of the leg portions 11 is formed in an L-shaped cross section, and the upper portion is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the condenser 3 (the sleeve 30) by welding or the like. Further, the shape of the leg portion is not limited to the shape of the L-shaped cross section, and may be any shape suitable for being attached to the outer peripheral surface of the condenser 3 (the sleeve 30). A flat base portion 12 is integrally provided at a lower end portion of each leg portion 11, and each leg portion 11 can be stably seated on the bottom plate surface by the base portion 12. Each leg portion 11 is connected by abutting leg portion 11 and a connecting member 13 having a flat shape between the lower portions.
本實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置1，如圖1及圖 2所示，具有如下之特徵：在構成架台10的至少1個腳部11與加熱器2之間隔著搬出搬入手段8，藉由搬出搬入手段8一 面支持加熱器2，一面從2個腳部11之間將加熱器2搬出搬入於架台10內外。 The vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 of the present embodiment is as shown in FIG. 1 and As shown in Fig. 2, the loading/unloading means 8 is interposed between the at least one leg portion 11 constituting the gantry 10 and the heater 2, and the loading and unloading means 8 is used. The heater 2 is supported by the surface, and the heater 2 is carried out from the two leg portions 11 and carried into and out of the gantry 10.
搬出搬入手段8在本實施形態中，是由使加熱器2 繞著預定的腳部11旋動的樞紐機構所構成，且是由安裝於該腳部11的圓棒狀之旋動軸80、安裝於旋動軸80的平板狀之支持構件81、及安裝於加熱器2外周面的平板狀之固定構件82所構成。 In the present embodiment, the carry-out/receiving means 8 is made by the heater 2 The pivot mechanism that rotates around the predetermined leg portion 11 is a round bar-shaped rotary shaft 80 attached to the leg portion 11, a flat support member 81 attached to the rotary shaft 80, and mounted The flat fixing member 82 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the heater 2.
旋動軸80在本實施形態中，是藉由以熔接等來固 定在架台10正面側之一側(左側)之腳部11的上下一對軸承83而可旋動地被支持著。支持構件81是以熔接等來固定於旋動軸80的外周面，與旋動軸80一體地旋動。固定構件82是與支持構件81重疊地以熔接等來固定於加熱器2的外周面。 In the present embodiment, the rotary shaft 80 is fixed by welding or the like. The pair of upper and lower bearings 83 of the leg portion 11 on one side (left side) of the front side of the gantry 10 are rotatably supported. The support member 81 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 80 by welding or the like, and is integrally rotated with the rotary shaft 80. The fixing member 82 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the heater 2 by welding or the like so as to overlap the support member 81.
在固定構件82的板面，隔著預定的間隔設置有複 數個螺栓孔84。在本實施形態中，於固定構件82的上部及下部，設有2個螺栓孔84。另一方面，在支持構件81的板面，因應固定構件82的螺栓孔84，設有由沿著上下方向延伸的長孔所形成的位置調整孔85。使支持構件81與固定構件82，以位置調整孔85及螺栓孔84重疊的狀態進行面接觸，把螺栓(未圖示)***螺栓孔84及位置調整孔85而以螺帽(未圖示)進行固接，藉此，將固定構件82固定於支持構件81，使加熱器2可以旋動軸80為中心而對於腳部11進行旋動。藉由此旋動，加熱器2可如圖4及圖5所示般，位在如下般的位置：收納於架台10之內部空間的收納位置、以及從該收納位置通過腳部11之間而移動至架台10之正面外側的空間的 開放位置。架台10之正面側的左右一對之腳部11的間隔，是設定成可搬出搬入加熱器2的程度的大小。除此之外，如圖1所示，在加熱器2固定於冷凝器3的情況下，固定構件82是以螺栓孔84位於支持構件81之位置調整孔85上端部的狀態而固定於支持構件81，從此狀態使固定構件82對於支持構件81朝下方滑動，在位置調整孔85下端部的位置來固定於支持構件81，藉此，加熱器2的位置變位至下方，並且，在已變位的位置以藉由支持構件81所支持的狀態來進行旋動。如此，構成為固定構件82是可對於支持構件81朝上下方向滑動地被支持著，藉此，可自由地改變加熱器2上下方向的位置，加熱器2可在該已變位的位置進行旋動。 The plate surface of the fixing member 82 is provided with a predetermined interval A number of bolt holes 84. In the present embodiment, two bolt holes 84 are provided in the upper and lower portions of the fixing member 82. On the other hand, on the plate surface of the support member 81, a position adjustment hole 85 formed by a long hole extending in the vertical direction is provided in response to the bolt hole 84 of the fixing member 82. The support member 81 and the fixing member 82 are in surface contact with the position adjusting hole 85 and the bolt hole 84 in a state of being overlapped, and a bolt (not shown) is inserted into the bolt hole 84 and the position adjusting hole 85 to form a nut (not shown). By fixing, the fixing member 82 is fixed to the support member 81, and the heater 2 can be rotated about the rotation axis 80 to the foot portion 11. As a result of the rotation, the heater 2 can be positioned at a storage position stored in the internal space of the gantry 10 and between the leg portions 11 from the storage position as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 . Moving to the space outside the front side of the gantry 10 Open location. The interval between the pair of left and right leg portions 11 on the front side of the gantry 10 is set to such an extent that the heater 2 can be carried in and out. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, when the heater 2 is fixed to the condenser 3, the fixing member 82 is fixed to the support member in a state where the bolt hole 84 is located at the upper end portion of the position adjusting hole 85 of the support member 81. 81. From this state, the fixing member 82 is slid downward with respect to the support member 81, and is fixed to the support member 81 at the position of the lower end portion of the position adjustment hole 85, whereby the position of the heater 2 is displaced to the lower side, and has been changed. The position of the bit is rotated by the state supported by the support member 81. In this manner, the fixing member 82 is configured to be slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the supporting member 81, whereby the position of the heater 2 in the vertical direction can be freely changed, and the heater 2 can be rotated at the displaced position. move.
又，本實施形態之真空蒸發式造水裝置1如圖1 及圖2所示，比起圖9及圖10所示的習知例之真空蒸發式造水裝置，從加熱器2外周面突出的溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26的長度設定得較短。這是因為當加熱器2旋動時，溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26也會一起旋動，如果像習知例之真空蒸發式造水裝置般，溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26的前端朝外側延伸而大幅超過架台10左側的腳部11之間，則在溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26迴旋的軌道上會存在有腳部11(在本實施形態中為背面左側的腳部11)，溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26會接觸該腳部11而妨礙加熱器2的旋動。因此，設定溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26的長度，使加熱器2旋動時，溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26不會碰到腳部11而使加熱器2可以順暢地旋動。溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26 的長度，在本實施形態中，是設定為溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26的前端不會超過架台10左側之前後一對腳部11之間的程度的長度。 Moreover, the vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 2, the lengths of the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 which protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the heater 2 are set in comparison with the vacuum evaporation type water generator of the conventional example shown in Figs. 9 and 10 . Shorter. This is because when the heater 2 is rotated, the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 are also rotated together, and the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water are like the vacuum evaporation type water generating device of the conventional example. When the front end of the discharge pipe 26 extends outward and greatly exceeds the leg portion 11 on the left side of the gantry 10, the leg portion 11 is present on the track on which the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 are swirled (in the present embodiment). In the leg portion 11) on the left side of the back surface, the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 contact the leg portion 11 to hinder the rotation of the heater 2. Therefore, when the length of the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 is set and the heater 2 is rotated, the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 do not hit the leg portion 11 and the heater 2 can be smoothly operated. Rotate the ground. Warm water introduction pipe 25 and warm water discharge pipe 26 In the present embodiment, the length of the warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 is set to be not longer than the distance between the pair of leg portions 11 before and after the left side of the gantry 10.
在上述構成之真空蒸發型造水裝置1中，於進行 除去附著於加熱器2之加熱管22的積垢、或是加熱器2內的洗淨等的維護作業之際，首先，解除加熱器2與冷凝器3間的螺栓28A及螺帽28B的固定。此時，由於加熱器2之固定構件82是固定於支持構件81，所以即使解除加熱器2與冷凝器3間的固定，也會被支持構件81支持住而不會從冷凝器3掉落到底板面。因此，在此作業過程中，無須以人力支撐住加熱器2。 In the vacuum evaporation type water generating device 1 configured as described above, When the maintenance work such as the deposit of the heating pipe 22 attached to the heater 2 or the washing in the heater 2 is removed, first, the fixing of the bolt 28A and the nut 28B between the heater 2 and the condenser 3 is released. . At this time, since the fixing member 82 of the heater 2 is fixed to the support member 81, even if the fixing between the heater 2 and the condenser 3 is released, it is supported by the support member 81 without falling from the condenser 3 to the end. Board surface. Therefore, it is not necessary to support the heater 2 by human power during this operation.
接著，使用位置調整孔85，使固定構件82相對於 支持構件81朝下方滑動，藉此，使加熱器2的位置朝下方變位。在加熱器2與冷凝器3抵接的狀態下，固定加熱器2與冷凝器3、從冷凝器3側延伸的螺栓28A之前端部會與加熱器2卡合，加熱器2的旋動會被該螺栓28A之前端部妨礙。所以，為了使加熱器2旋動，必須解除螺栓28A之前端部與加熱器2的卡合，若如本實施形態般，使加熱器2的位置朝下方變位，則可輕易地解除螺栓28A之前端部與加熱器2間的卡合。在使此加熱器2的位置變位至下方之際，宜一面以起重機裝置9(顯示於圖1)支持加熱器2、一面使其朝下方變位。 藉此，由於以起重機裝置9支持加熱器2的重量，所以在此作業過程中，也無須以人力來支撐加熱器2。可升降地支持加熱器2的起重機裝置9，例如，可使用剪式千斤頂。剪式 千斤頂可為使用液壓缸或汽缸來作為升降驅動手段者，又，也可為螺釘式或棘輪式等之機械式、或者是馬達等之電動式。另外，起重機裝置9除了剪式千斤頂以外，只要是可將加熱器2保持為水平的狀態而自動或手動地使之升降，來使加熱器2的位置調節成所需高度的起重機裝置，可使用各種起重機裝置。 Next, the position adjusting hole 85 is used to make the fixing member 82 relative to The support member 81 slides downward, whereby the position of the heater 2 is displaced downward. In a state where the heater 2 is in contact with the condenser 3, the front end of the fixed heater 2 and the condenser 3 and the bolt 28A extending from the condenser 3 side are engaged with the heater 2, and the rotation of the heater 2 is performed. It is blocked by the front end of the bolt 28A. Therefore, in order to rotate the heater 2, it is necessary to release the engagement between the front end portion of the bolt 28A and the heater 2. If the position of the heater 2 is displaced downward as in the present embodiment, the bolt 28A can be easily released. The front end is engaged with the heater 2. When the position of the heater 2 is displaced to the lower side, it is preferable to support the heater 2 with the crane device 9 (shown in Fig. 1) while being displaced downward. Thereby, since the weight of the heater 2 is supported by the crane device 9, it is not necessary to support the heater 2 by human power during this operation. The crane device 9 that supports the heater 2 can be lifted and lowered, for example, a scissor jack can be used. Scissor The jack may be a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder as a driving method for lifting and lowering, or may be a mechanical type such as a screw type or a ratchet type, or an electric type such as a motor. Further, the crane device 9 can be used in addition to the scissor jack, as long as the heater 2 can be automatically or manually raised and lowered while maintaining the heater 2 in a horizontal state, and the position of the heater 2 can be adjusted to a desired height. Various crane devices.
然後，在已使加熱器2的位置變位至下方的狀態 下，將固定構件82固定於支持構件81，藉此，藉由支持構件81一面支持加熱器2，一面以旋動軸80為中心而使加熱器2順時鐘地旋動。藉此，由於加熱器2會通過2個腳部11(架台10正面側之左右一對的腳部11)之間而從架台10的內部空間朝正面外側的空間移動，所以可以進行加熱器2的維護作業。在此作業過程中，由於無須以人力來支撐加熱器2，只要使加熱器2旋動即可，所以無需耗費龐大的勞力。 Then, the state in which the position of the heater 2 has been displaced to the lower state Next, the fixing member 82 is fixed to the supporting member 81, whereby the heater 2 is supported by the supporting member 81 while the heater 2 is rotated clockwise around the rotating shaft 80. Thereby, since the heater 2 passes between the two leg portions 11 (the pair of left and right leg portions 11 on the front side of the gantry 10) and moves from the internal space of the gantry 10 to the space outside the front surface, the heater 2 can be performed. Maintenance work. In this operation, since the heater 2 is not required to be supported by human power, it is only necessary to rotate the heater 2, so that it is not required to be labor intensive.
另外，加熱器2對冷凝器3的固定方法，也不限於 上述之螺栓28A及螺帽28B的組合。例如，在冷凝器3之套管30的下端部(底面)形成固定螺栓的螺釘孔(未圖示)，在使加熱器2抵接於冷凝器3的狀態下，從下方將螺栓28A拴入前述螺釘孔，藉此也可將加熱器2及冷凝器3固定。此時，在藉由拔出螺栓28A來解除加熱器2及冷凝器3的固定之際，由於不會如上所述之螺栓28A前端突出而妨礙加熱器2的旋動，所以在使加熱器2旋動之前，可以減少使加熱器2的位置朝下方變位的變位量。 In addition, the method of fixing the heater 2 to the condenser 3 is not limited to The combination of the bolt 28A and the nut 28B described above. For example, a screw hole (not shown) for fixing a bolt is formed in a lower end portion (bottom surface) of the sleeve 30 of the condenser 3, and the bolt 28A is inserted from below in a state where the heater 2 is brought into contact with the condenser 3. The screw holes can also fix the heater 2 and the condenser 3. At this time, when the fixing of the heater 2 and the condenser 3 is released by pulling out the bolt 28A, since the tip end of the bolt 28A does not protrude as described above and the rotation of the heater 2 is prevented, the heater 2 is caused. Before the rotation, the amount of displacement that causes the position of the heater 2 to be displaced downward can be reduced.
如以上，根據本實施形態之真空蒸發型造水裝置 1，由於可藉由搬出搬入手段8將加熱器2輕易地搬出至架台10外側的空間，所以無須耗費龐大的勞力於加熱器2的搬出作業。又，由於在將維護後之加熱器2固定於冷凝器3之際，也可將加熱器2藉由搬出搬入手段8一面進行支持、一面搬入至架台10的內部空間，也一樣無須耗費龐大的勞力於此搬入作業，所以可輕易地進行維護作業。而且，加熱器2可以浮在底板面上的狀態被搬出至架台10外側的空間。因此，在加熱器2的維護作業中，當必須分離加熱器2之上部管20及下部管21時，由於只要解除螺栓27A及螺帽27B的固定，不用提起上部管20，就可以將下部管21從上部管20朝下方進行分離，所以在此點上也容易進行維護作業。 As described above, the vacuum evaporation type water generator according to the embodiment 1. Since the heater 2 can be easily carried out to the space outside the gantry 10 by the carry-out/transport means 8, it is not necessary to use a large amount of labor for the carry-out operation of the heater 2. Further, when the heater 2 after maintenance is fixed to the condenser 3, the heater 2 can be carried into the internal space of the gantry 10 while being supported by the carry-in/out device 8, and it is also unnecessary to be expensive. Labor is carried out here, so maintenance work can be easily performed. Further, the heater 2 can be carried out to the space outside the gantry 10 in a state where it floats on the floor surface. Therefore, in the maintenance work of the heater 2, when it is necessary to separate the upper tube 20 and the lower tube 21 of the heater 2, since the fixing of the bolt 27A and the nut 27B is released, the lower tube can be removed without lifting the upper tube 20. Since the upper tube 20 is separated downward from the upper tube 20, maintenance work can be easily performed at this point.
以上，說明了本發明之一實施形態，但本發明並 非限定於上述實施形態，只要不脫離本發明之旨趣，即可進行各種變更。例如，在上述實施形態中，是利用支持構件81之縱長的位置調整孔85來使固定構件82可相對於支持構件81朝上下方向滑動，藉此，來使加熱器2的位置可朝上下方向變位，不過關於使加熱器2的位置朝上下方向變位的手段，並不限於此，可使用各種手段。例如，也可將旋動軸80支持成使旋動軸80可對於腳部11朝上下方向滑動地來將旋動軸80安裝於腳部11。具體而言，例如圖8所示，使旋動軸80可旋動且可朝上下方向來回移動地支持於上下一對之軸承83。在支持下方之軸承83的支持台14，固定有起重機螺栓15。旋動軸80之下端是被安裝於起重機螺栓15上端的支持板16所支持著。使螺釘軸17旋轉，使螺栓頭部18對 於保險螺帽19靠近或離開，藉此，可使旋動軸80朝上下方向滑動，而使加熱器2的位置朝上下方向變位。另外，在此圖8之實施形態中，由於旋動軸80是被起重機螺栓15所支持，所以在使加熱器2的位置朝上下變位之際，無須支撐加熱器2，不需要上述之起重機裝置9。 Hereinabove, an embodiment of the present invention has been described, but the present invention The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the positional adjustment hole 85 of the support member 81 is used to slide the fixing member 82 in the vertical direction with respect to the support member 81, whereby the position of the heater 2 can be made up and down. The direction is displaced, but the means for displacing the position of the heater 2 in the vertical direction is not limited thereto, and various means can be used. For example, the rotation shaft 80 may be supported such that the rotation shaft 80 can slide the shaft shaft 11 in the up and down direction to attach the rotation shaft 80 to the leg portion 11. Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotary shaft 80 is rotatably supported by the upper and lower bearings 83 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. A crane bolt 15 is fixed to the support table 14 of the bearing 83 below. The lower end of the rotary shaft 80 is supported by a support plate 16 attached to the upper end of the crane bolt 15. Rotate the screw shaft 17 so that the bolt head 18 pairs The safety nut 19 approaches or leaves, whereby the rotary shaft 80 can be slid in the up and down direction, and the position of the heater 2 can be displaced in the up and down direction. Further, in the embodiment of Fig. 8, since the rotary shaft 80 is supported by the crane bolt 15, when the position of the heater 2 is displaced up and down, it is not necessary to support the heater 2, and the above-mentioned crane is not required. Device 9.
又，在上述實施形態中，是將旋動軸80設置於架 台10正面左側的腳部11，使加熱器2對於該腳部11順時鐘轉地旋動，藉此來將加熱器2搬出至架台10正面外側的空間；但也可藉由使加熱器2逆時鐘轉地旋動，來將加熱器2搬出至架台10左側面外側的空間；或者也可將旋動軸80設在其他的腳部11，而搬出至架台10的背面外側或右側面外側的空間。不過，在設置這樣的真空蒸發式造水裝置1的船舶內，由於堆積有很多的貨物，所以為了有效率地使用有限的空間，必須將真空蒸發式裝置1設置成其背面側接近壁面。如此一來，則難以確保將加熱器2搬出至架台10背面外側的充分空間。又，由於在架台10的右側面外側，配置有用以從冷凝器3(預熱器6)將原料海水送至加熱器2的原料海水供給線24(顯示於圖9及圖10)或用以將冷卻用海水送至冷凝器3的水噴射器7等，所以也難以確保將加熱器2搬出至架台10右側面外側的充分空間。又，在架台10的左側面外側，配置有用以將冷凝器3所生成的淡水從冷凝器3取出的淡水送出線44(顯示於圖9及圖10)、或用以從冷凝器3排出冷卻用海水的冷卻用海水排出線(未圖示)。若取下該等構成構件，雖也能將加熱器2搬出至架台10的左側面外側，不過由於比 起架台10的左側面外側，正面外側比較容易確保進行維護作業的充分空間，所以加熱器2宜搬出搬入於架台10的正面外側的空間，因此，旋動軸80宜安裝在架台10正面側左右任一邊的腳部11。另外，當可確保將加熱器2搬出至架台10之背面外側的充分空間的情況下，也可將旋動軸80安裝在架台10背面側左右任一邊的腳部11，而將加熱器2搬出搬入於架台10背面外側的空間，又，亦可將加熱器2搬出搬入於架台10正面外側及背面外側的任一空間。 Further, in the above embodiment, the rotary shaft 80 is placed on the frame. The leg portion 11 on the front left side of the table 10 causes the heater 2 to rotate clockwise with respect to the leg portion 11, thereby carrying out the heater 2 to the space outside the front side of the gantry 10; however, the heater 2 can also be Rotating counterclockwise to move the heater 2 out to the space outside the left side of the gantry 10; or the rotating shaft 80 may be placed on the other leg 11 and carried out to the outside of the back of the gantry 10 or to the outside of the right side. Space. However, in the ship in which such a vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 is installed, since a large amount of cargo is deposited, in order to efficiently use a limited space, it is necessary to provide the vacuum evaporation type device 1 such that the back side thereof is close to the wall surface. As a result, it is difficult to ensure that the heater 2 is carried out to a sufficient space outside the back surface of the gantry 10. Further, on the outer side of the right side surface of the gantry 10, a raw material seawater supply line 24 (shown in Figs. 9 and 10) for supplying raw material seawater from the condenser 3 (preheater 6) to the heater 2 is disposed or used. Since the cooling seawater is sent to the water ejector 7 or the like of the condenser 3, it is also difficult to secure a sufficient space for carrying out the heater 2 to the outside of the right side surface of the gantry 10. Further, on the outer side of the left side surface of the gantry 10, a fresh water supply line 44 (shown in Figs. 9 and 10) for taking out fresh water generated by the condenser 3 from the condenser 3 or cooling for discharge from the condenser 3 is disposed. A seawater discharge line (not shown) for cooling seawater. When the components are removed, the heater 2 can be carried out to the outside of the left side of the gantry 10, but The outer side of the left side of the gantry 10 is relatively easy to ensure sufficient space for maintenance work. Therefore, the heater 2 should be carried out into the space outside the front surface of the gantry 10. Therefore, the rotary shaft 80 should be mounted on the front side of the gantry 10. The foot 11 on either side. Further, when it is possible to ensure that the heater 2 is carried out to a sufficient space outside the back surface of the gantry 10, the rotary shaft 80 can be attached to the leg portion 11 on either the left and right sides of the back side of the gantry 10, and the heater 2 can be carried out. The heater 2 is carried into and out of the space on the outer side of the rear side of the gantry 10, and the heater 2 can be carried out and carried into any space on the outer side and the outer side of the front side of the gantry 10.
又，在上述實施形態中，是以旋動軸80、支持構 件81及固定構件82來構成樞紐機構，不過若是可使加熱器2使用旋動軸80而對於腳部11自由地旋動者，則不限於上述實施形態，可使用各種態樣。 Further, in the above embodiment, the rotation shaft 80 and the support structure are The member 81 and the fixing member 82 constitute a pivot mechanism. However, if the heater 2 can be freely rotated with respect to the leg portion 11 by using the rotary shaft 80, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various aspects can be used.
又，在上述實施形態中，是藉由樞紐機構來構成 將加熱器2搬出搬入於架台10內外的搬出搬入手段8，但可也可藉由如圖6及圖7所示之滑動機構來構成搬出搬入手段8。在圖6及圖7之實施形態中，搬出搬入手段8是由朝水平方向延伸地安裝於架台10之腳部11的一對導軌86、及安裝在加熱器2外周面且可行進於各導軌86上的一對行進輥87所構成。一對導軌86是其一方以熔接等來固定成橫跨於架台10正面側之左右一對腳部11，而另一方則以熔接等來固定成橫跨於架台10背面側之左右一對腳部11，且一對導軌86彼此呈平行地設定為相同設置高度。又，兩導軌86的一端部86A，超過架台10左側的腳部11而延伸至架台10的外側。各行進輥87是透過安裝具88而安裝於與加熱器2外周面 之溫水導入管25及溫水排出管26為直交的位置，且從上方可自由轉動地卡合於導軌86，藉此而來回移動於導軌86上。各導軌86在加熱器2以懸吊狀態支持於冷凝器3之際，是把其設置高度設定為比行進輥87還位於下方。 Moreover, in the above embodiment, it is constituted by a hub mechanism. Although the heater 2 is carried out and carried out into the loading/unloading means 8 inside and outside the gantry 10, the loading/unloading means 8 may be constituted by a sliding mechanism as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7, the carry-in/out device 8 is a pair of guide rails 86 that are attached to the leg portion 11 of the gantry 10 in a horizontal direction, and are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the heater 2 and can travel on each of the guide rails. A pair of traveling rollers 87 on 86 is formed. The pair of guide rails 86 are fixed to the left and right pair of leg portions 11 on the front side of the gantry 10 by welding or the like, and the other is fixed to the left and right legs on the back side of the gantry 10 by welding or the like. The portion 11 and the pair of guide rails 86 are set in parallel to each other at the same set height. Further, the one end portion 86A of the two guide rails 86 extends beyond the leg portion 11 on the left side of the gantry 10 to the outside of the gantry 10. Each of the traveling rollers 87 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the heater 2 through the mounting tool 88. The warm water introduction pipe 25 and the warm water discharge pipe 26 are in an orthogonal position, and are rotatably engaged with the guide rail 86 from above, thereby moving back and forth on the guide rail 86. When the heater 2 is supported by the condenser 3 in a suspended state, each of the guide rails 86 is set to be lower than the traveling roller 87.
在此實施形態之真空蒸發型造水裝置1中，在進 行除去附著於加熱器2之加熱管22的積垢或加熱器2內的洗淨等維護作業之際，首先，解除加熱器2與冷凝器3間螺栓28A及螺帽28B的固定。接著，使加熱器2朝下方變位，藉此，使安裝於加熱器2的各行進輥87卡合於分別對應的導軌86上。藉此，可解除從冷凝器3突出的螺栓28A之前端部與加熱器2間的卡合。另外，在使此加熱器2的位置朝下方變位之際，宜與上述實施形態同樣地，一面以起重機裝置9支持加熱器2、一面使之朝下方變位。然後，使加熱器2沿著導軌86，通過2個腳部11(架台10左側面側的前後一對腳部11)之間而從架台10的內部空間往左側面外側的空間移動，藉此，可將加熱器2搬出。在此實施形態之真空蒸發型造水裝置1中，由於藉由導軌86及行進輥87，也無須以人力支撐加熱器2，而可輕易地將加熱器2搬出至架台10外側的空間，所以無須耗費龐大的勞力於加熱器2的搬出作業。 又，在將維護後之加熱器2固定於冷凝器3之際，也可一面藉由導軌86來支持加熱器2、一面將之搬入架台10的內部空間，此搬入作業也同樣地無需龐大的勞力，所以可輕易地進行維護作業。又，由於加熱器2是以浮在底板面的狀態被搬出架台10外側的空間，所以在加熱器2的維護作業中，當 須要把加熱器2之上部管20及下部管21分離時，只要解除螺栓27A及螺帽27B的固定，不用提起上部管20就可以把下部管21從上部管20朝下方分離，所以關於此點也可以使維護作業變得容易。 In the vacuum evaporation type water generating device 1 of this embodiment, When the maintenance work such as the deposit of the heating pipe 22 attached to the heater 2 or the washing in the heater 2 is removed, first, the fixing of the bolt 28A and the nut 28B between the heater 2 and the condenser 3 is released. Next, the heater 2 is displaced downward, whereby the respective traveling rollers 87 attached to the heater 2 are engaged with the corresponding guide rails 86. Thereby, the engagement between the front end portion of the bolt 28A protruding from the condenser 3 and the heater 2 can be released. Further, when the position of the heater 2 is displaced downward, it is preferable to displace the heater 2 while supporting the heater 2 with the crane device 9 as in the above embodiment. Then, the heater 2 is moved from the internal space of the gantry 10 to the space outside the left side surface along the guide rail 86 through the two leg portions 11 (the front and rear pair of leg portions 11 on the left side of the gantry 10). The heater 2 can be carried out. In the vacuum evaporation type water generator 1 of the embodiment, since the guide rail 86 and the traveling roller 87 do not need to support the heater 2 by human power, the heater 2 can be easily carried out to the space outside the gantry 10, so There is no need to use a large amount of labor for the lifting operation of the heater 2. Further, when the heater 2 after maintenance is fixed to the condenser 3, the heater 2 can be supported by the guide rail 86 and carried into the internal space of the gantry 10, and the carrying operation does not need to be bulky. Labor, so maintenance can be easily carried out. Further, since the heater 2 is carried out of the space outside the gantry 10 in a state of floating on the floor surface, in the maintenance work of the heater 2, When the upper tube 20 and the lower tube 21 of the heater 2 are separated, if the bolt 27A and the nut 27B are released, the lower tube 21 can be separated from the upper tube 20 without lifting the upper tube 20, so this point is It also makes maintenance work easier.
另外，導軌86及行進輥87的形狀，並無特別限 定，只要是行進輥87可在導軌86上轉動、行進者，可使用各種的態樣。又，在此實施形態中，是藉由導軌86以及可在導軌86上轉動、行進的行進輥87來構成滑動機構，不過只要是可使加熱器2沿著導軌86自由地滑動者即可，並不限於此實施形態，可使用各種的態樣。 In addition, the shape of the guide rail 86 and the traveling roller 87 is not particularly limited. As long as the traveling roller 87 can be rotated on the guide rail 86 and traveled, various aspects can be used. Further, in this embodiment, the slide mechanism is constituted by the guide rail 86 and the traveling roller 87 that can travel on the guide rail 86, but the heater 2 can be freely slid along the guide rail 86. It is not limited to this embodiment, and various aspects can be used.
又，在上述實施形態中，是利用來自於柴油引擎 的廢熱，來作為在加熱器2中用以使原料海水加熱、蒸發的熱源，但也可利用來自於其他會產生廢熱的機器的廢熱，或者也可利用來自於鍋爐的蒸氣，在加熱器2中使原料海水加熱、蒸發。 Moreover, in the above embodiment, the use is from a diesel engine. The waste heat is used as a heat source for heating and evaporating the raw material seawater in the heater 2, but it is also possible to use waste heat from other machines that generate waste heat, or it is also possible to use steam from the boiler in the heater 2 The raw material seawater is heated and evaporated.
又，在上述實施形態中，是把以小型噴射泵P1 所汲取的海水供給至水噴射器7，而把海水從水噴射器7供給至凝結器5來作為真空蒸發式造水裝置1的造水用之冷卻水，不過為了將海水供給至船舶內的各種海水使用處，例如，搭載於船舶內的柴油引擎等，也可把由設置在船舶內的大型海水泵所汲取來的海水的一部份，直接作為真空蒸發式造水裝置1的造水用之冷卻水來供給給凝結器5。此時，無須使用水噴射器7來作為使冷凝器3內保持減壓(真空)狀態的減壓手段，亦可為真空泵等。 Further, in the above embodiment, the small injection pump P1 is used. The extracted seawater is supplied to the water ejector 7, and the seawater is supplied from the water ejector 7 to the condenser 5 as the cooling water for the water generation of the vacuum evaporation type water generator 1, but the seawater is supplied to the ship. Various types of seawater use, for example, a diesel engine mounted in a ship, or a part of seawater extracted from a large seawater pump installed in a ship can be directly used as a water for vacuum evaporation type water generator 1. The cooling water is supplied to the condenser 5. At this time, it is not necessary to use the water ejector 7 as a pressure reducing means for maintaining the pressure reduction (vacuum) state in the condenser 3, and it may be a vacuum pump or the like.
1‧‧‧真空蒸發式造水裝置 1‧‧‧Vacuum evaporative water generator
2‧‧‧加熱器 2‧‧‧heater
3‧‧‧冷凝器 3‧‧‧Condenser
8‧‧‧搬出搬入手段 8‧‧‧ Moving out
9‧‧‧起重機裝置 9‧‧‧ crane device
10‧‧‧架台 10‧‧‧ 台台
11‧‧‧腳部 11‧‧‧ feet
12‧‧‧基台部 12‧‧‧Base Department
13‧‧‧連結構件 13‧‧‧Connected components
20‧‧‧上部管 20‧‧‧ upper tube
21‧‧‧下部管 21‧‧‧Lower tube
25‧‧‧溫水導入管 25‧‧‧Warm water inlet pipe
26‧‧‧溫水排出管 26‧‧‧Warm water discharge pipe
27A‧‧‧螺栓 27A‧‧‧Bolts
27B‧‧‧螺帽 27B‧‧‧ Nuts
28A‧‧‧螺栓 28A‧‧‧Bolts
28B‧‧‧螺帽 28B‧‧‧ Nuts
30‧‧‧套管 30‧‧‧ casing
80‧‧‧旋動軸 80‧‧‧Rotary axis
81‧‧‧支持構件 81‧‧‧Support components
82‧‧‧固定構件 82‧‧‧Fixed components
83‧‧‧軸承 83‧‧‧ bearing
84‧‧‧螺栓孔 84‧‧‧Bolt holes
85‧‧‧位置調整孔 85‧‧‧ Position adjustment hole
A-A‧‧‧線 A-A‧‧‧ line
Claims (7)
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| JP2013132402A JP6099497B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2013-06-25 | Vacuum evaporative fresh water generator |
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| TWI605867B TWI605867B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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| KR (1) | KR102021568B1 (en) |
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| JP7129041B2 (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2022-09-01 | 株式会社ササクラ | fresh water generator |
| CN117185393B (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-01-30 | 海普欧环保集团有限公司 | Evaporation type sewage treatment device |
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| CN2098318U (en) * | 1991-05-26 | 1992-03-11 | 云南省曲靖地区第一人民医院 | High-efficiency film separation tower |
| PL169577B1 (en) * | 1991-08-09 | 1996-08-30 | Alfa Laval Desalt | Sea water desalting apparatus |
| JP3183986B2 (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 2001-07-09 | 株式会社ササクラ | Vacuum evaporation type fresh water generator |
| JPH08141303A (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-04 | Sakamoto Giken:Kk | Spray-dryer |
| JP3596642B2 (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 2004-12-02 | 株式会社ササクラ | Plate type fresh water generator |
| CN2308062Y (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-02-17 | 沈善明 | Cover type medicine vacuum dry box |
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| KR20110138053A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2011-12-26 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Vessel ventilation fan |
| TWM429842U (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-05-21 | Inova Green Tech Co Ltd | Easy-maintenance drinking water supply equipment |
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| CN104250026B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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| KR102021568B1 (en) | 2019-09-16 |
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