TW201440419A - Control device for rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Abstract

There is provided a control device for controlling a rotary electrical machine, which is controlled to function as a motor and as a power generator. The control device comprises: a power conversion circuit configured to function as an inverter for supplying a driving current from a battery to the rotary electrical machine and to function as a rectifier for rectifying the power generation output of the rotary electrical machine and supplying the output to the battery; and a controller for controlling the conversion circuit so that three-phase armature coils of the rotary electrical machine are short-circuited when the battery is disconnected from the conversion circuit and the DC output voltage of the conversion circuit becomes excessive and, after which, when the DC output voltage of the conversion circuit decreases to a set low voltage, the short circuit of one phase of the armature coil is released and only two phases are short-circuited.

Description

旋轉電機之控制裝置 Rotary motor control unit

本發明係有關於一種控制旋轉電機之控制裝置，該旋轉電機具備：利用永久磁鐵來構成磁場之旋轉件、以及具有三相的電樞線圈之固定件，並使其作動為交流發電機或馬達。 The present invention relates to a control device for controlling a rotating electrical machine comprising: a rotating member that forms a magnetic field using a permanent magnet, and a fixing member having an armature coil of three phases, and operates as an alternator or a motor .

搭載到車輛、船舶、施工機械、引擎發電機等的內燃引擎，作為安裝在該內燃引擎之旋轉電機，一直以來是使用啟動引擎之馬達、以及經由引擎而被驅動且產生用以對電池充電的輸出之發電機；但是近年來，為了圖求節省設置空間、減低成本、以及高功能化旋轉電機，遂檢討搭載到車輛、兼具作為發電機與馬達而發揮功能之旋轉電機。 An internal combustion engine mounted on a vehicle, a ship, a construction machine, an engine generator, or the like, as a rotary electric machine mounted on the internal combustion engine, has been driven by a motor that is started by an engine and is driven by an engine to generate a battery. In the recent years, in order to save the installation space, reduce the cost, and the highly functional rotating electric machine, it is necessary to review the rotating electric machine that functions as a generator and a motor.

為了使這樣的旋轉電機作動，例如如專利文獻1所示，具備有設在電池與旋轉電機之間的電力變換電路、與控制該電力變換電路的控制器之控制裝置是為必要。作為電力變換電路，通常，是使用三相全波橋型的電 路。三相全波橋型的電力變換電路，係具備3組調節器(regulator)，且具有相互並聯連接這3組調節器之結構；該調節器在上下具有支路(arm)，該支路具備切換元件以及與該切換元件反向並聯連接之反饋二極體。這種的電力變換電路，係具有：從全波橋式電路的兩端引出一對DC端子(直流側端子)、以及從全波橋式電路的3組調節器之各個上支路與下支路的連接點所引出之三相的AC端子(交流側端子)。一對DC端子係連接到電池的兩端，三相AC端子係各自連接到旋轉電機的電樞線圈之三相的端子。在電力變換電路的一對DC端子間連接有平滑用電容器。 In order to operate such a rotating electrical machine, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide a power conversion circuit provided between the battery and the rotating electrical machine and a control device for controlling the power conversion circuit. As a power conversion circuit, usually, a three-phase full-wave bridge type electric power is used. road. The three-phase full-wave bridge type power conversion circuit has three sets of regulators and has a structure in which the three sets of regulators are connected in parallel with each other; the regulator has an arm on the upper and lower sides, and the branch has A switching element and a feedback diode connected in anti-parallel with the switching element. The power conversion circuit has a pair of DC terminals (DC-side terminals) drawn from both ends of the full-wave bridge circuit, and upper and lower branches of the three sets of regulators from the full-wave bridge circuit. The three-phase AC terminal (AC side terminal) from the connection point of the road. A pair of DC terminals are connected to both ends of the battery, and the three-phase AC terminals are each connected to a three-phase terminal of an armature coil of the rotating electrical machine. A smoothing capacitor is connected between a pair of DC terminals of the power conversion circuit.

控制電力變換電路的切換元件之控制器，係具備微處理器、以及給予驅動訊號到電力變換電路的切換元件之切換驅動電路，設置成從來自電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓所產生之一定的直流電壓之控制電源電路給予電源電壓來進行作動。控制器，係控制電力變換電路的切換元件，控制成：於把旋轉電機作為內燃引擎啟動用馬達來作動之際，把電力變換電路作為換流器來發揮功能，從直流電源供給電樞電流到旋轉電機。控制器，係另外於經由內燃引擎驅動旋轉電機來作動成為交流發電機之際，把電力變換電路作為整流器來發揮功能並從電樞線圈供給充電電流到直流電源，同時，進行用以把電池兩端的電壓保持在設定範圍之控制。 The controller for controlling the switching element of the power conversion circuit includes a microprocessor and a switching drive circuit for giving a switching element of the driving signal to the power conversion circuit, and is set to be generated from a voltage between DC terminals from the power conversion circuit. The DC voltage control power supply circuit gives the power supply voltage to operate. The controller controls the switching element of the power conversion circuit to control the power conversion circuit as an inverter when the rotating electric machine is operated as an internal combustion engine starting motor, and supplies the armature current from the DC power supply. To the rotating motor. In addition, when the motor is driven by the internal combustion engine to operate the alternator, the power conversion circuit functions as a rectifier and supplies a charging current from the armature coil to the DC power source, and the battery is used for the battery. The voltage at both ends is kept within the control of the set range.

作為控制電池的充電電壓之方法，係對應到 旋轉電機的結構來作為適宜的方法。例如，於控制旋轉件的磁場是利用永久磁鐵所結構之旋轉電機(以下稱為永磁式旋轉電機)的情況下，作為控制電池的充電電壓之方法，採取在電池的端子電壓超過設定值時，經由反覆進行把構成電力變換電路的全波橋式電路之下支路或是上支路的切換元件同時設成開啟(ON)狀態來對三相的電樞線圈進行短路之動作、以及解除電樞線圈的短路之動作，讓電池的端子電壓保持在設定值附近之方法。 As a method of controlling the charging voltage of the battery, it corresponds to The structure of the rotating electrical machine is used as a suitable method. For example, when the magnetic field for controlling the rotating member is a rotating electric machine (hereinafter referred to as a permanent magnet rotating electric machine) configured by a permanent magnet, as a method of controlling the charging voltage of the battery, when the terminal voltage of the battery exceeds a set value, The operation of short-circuiting the three-phase armature coil by simultaneously turning the switching element of the lower branch or the upper branch of the full-wave bridge circuit constituting the power conversion circuit to the ON state is performed, and the power is turned off. The short-circuit action of the pivot coil keeps the terminal voltage of the battery near the set value.

在旋轉電機的旋轉件具有磁場線圈的情況下，作為控制電池的充電電壓之方法，採取經由控制供給到磁場線圈的電流的方式來調整旋轉電機的輸出電壓之方法。 In the case where the rotating member of the rotating electrical machine has a magnetic field coil, as a method of controlling the charging voltage of the battery, a method of adjusting the output voltage of the rotating electrical machine by controlling the current supplied to the magnetic field coil is adopted.

在如上述般地所構成之旋轉電機的控制裝置中，在旋轉電機利用內燃引擎而被旋轉驅動來對電池充電之狀態下，切斷連接電池到電力變換電路之配線，或是連接電池到電力變換電路的繼電器等的切換手段故障等等，從電力變換電路切離電池的話，控制器中斷不了控制發電輸出，在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過大的電壓，因為該過電壓，發生了連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間之構成電路的零件被破壞的問題。 In the control device for the rotary electric machine configured as described above, when the rotary electric machine is rotationally driven by the internal combustion engine to charge the battery, the wiring for connecting the battery to the power conversion circuit is cut off, or the battery is connected. If the switching means of the relay of the power conversion circuit or the like is broken, and the battery is cut off from the power conversion circuit, the controller cannot interrupt the control of the power generation output, and an excessive voltage is generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit because the overvoltage occurs. The problem that the components of the constituent circuits connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit are broken.

為了防止如上述般的問題，針對設置磁場線圈在旋轉件之旋轉電機，提案有如專利文獻2所示之控制裝置。於該控制裝置中，在電池等的直流電源與旋轉電機之間設有電力變換電路，於使旋轉電機作為發電機來作動 並對直流電源充電之際，經由控制磁場電流成把電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓保持在設定值的方式，進行把電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓保持在設定值之控制。 In order to prevent the above problems, a control device as disclosed in Patent Document 2 has been proposed for a rotating electrical machine in which a field coil is provided in a rotating member. In the control device, a power conversion circuit is provided between a DC power source such as a battery and a rotating electrical machine to operate the rotating electrical machine as a generator. When the DC power source is charged, the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is maintained at a set value by controlling the field current to maintain the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit at a set value.

揭示於專利文獻2的控制裝置，係具備電力變換電路的直流輸出電壓超過設定的值的狀態為繼續在設定時間之間時檢測所產生的過電壓之機構，檢測到產生過電壓時把磁場電流歸零，同時，經由把電力變換電路的下支路的切換元件以及上支路的切換元件內的其中任一方同時設成開啟(ON)狀態的方式，構成讓三相的電樞線圈短路並進行讓旋轉電機的輸出電壓歸零之控制。 The control device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a mechanism in which the DC output voltage of the power conversion circuit exceeds a set value is a mechanism for detecting an overvoltage generated when the set time is continued, and detecting a field current when an overvoltage is generated. Returning to zero, at the same time, by setting the switching element of the lower arm of the power conversion circuit and the switching element of the upper arm to the ON state at the same time, the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited and Perform control to zero the output voltage of the rotating electrical machine.

根據揭示於專利文獻2之控制裝置，當切斷連接直流電源到電力變換電路之配線後在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過電壓時，因為進行抑制旋轉電機的輸出之動作的緣故，所以可以防止卸載了直流電源時連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路因為過電壓而被破壞。 According to the control device disclosed in Patent Document 2, when an excessive voltage is generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit after the connection of the DC power supply to the power conversion circuit is disconnected, the operation of suppressing the output of the rotary electric machine is performed. The circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit when the DC power supply is unloaded is prevented from being destroyed by the overvoltage.

〔先前技術文獻〕 [Previous Technical Literature] 〔專利文獻〕 [Patent Document]

專利文獻1：日本特開2003-184712號專利公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-184712

專利文獻2：日本特開2004-15936號專利公報 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-15936

在專利文獻2所示的控制裝置中，在旋轉電 機被當作發電機而運轉中的狀態下從電力變換電路切離直流電源，經由在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過電壓時，把磁場電流歸零，同時把三相的電樞線圈予以短路的方式，因為發電機的輸出歸零的緣故，一下子平滑用電容器兩端的電壓下降，然後電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓，一直下降到比必要的電壓範圍的下限值還要低的電壓，該必要的電壓範圍係用以使得從控制電源電路產生電源電壓，該電源電壓係用以把控制器保持在動作狀態。變成這樣的狀態的話，控制器的功能停止，變成沒有辦法給予驅動訊號到電力變換電路的切換元件的閘極的緣故，所以把電樞線圈予以短路的切換元件變成為關閉(OFF)狀態。在專利文獻2所示的控制裝置中，檢測出過電壓時磁場電流為零的緣故，控制器的功能停止時縱使旋轉電機還在繼續旋轉，其發電輸出還是被保持在零的狀態。從而，在旋轉電機作為發電機而運轉著的狀態下從電力變換電路切離直流電源時，可以防止連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路的構成零件因為過電壓而被破壞。 In the control device shown in Patent Document 2, in the rotating power When the machine is operated as a generator, the DC power supply is cut off from the power conversion circuit, and when an overvoltage is generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit, the magnetic field current is zeroed, and the three-phase armature coil is given In the short circuit mode, the voltage across the capacitor is reduced, and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is reduced to a lower limit than the lower limit of the necessary voltage range. The voltage, the necessary voltage range, is used to cause a supply voltage from the control power circuit that is used to maintain the controller in an operational state. When it is in such a state, the function of the controller is stopped, and the gate of the switching element of the power conversion circuit is not supplied, so that the switching element that short-circuits the armature coil is turned off. In the control device disclosed in Patent Document 2, when the overvoltage is detected, the field current is zero, and when the function of the controller is stopped, the power output of the rotating machine is maintained at zero even if the rotating electrical machine continues to rotate. Therefore, when the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit in a state where the rotary electric machine is operated as a generator, it is possible to prevent the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit from being broken by the overvoltage.

但是，於旋轉電機為永磁式的旋轉電機的情況下，因為以下的理由，是無法直接採用專利文獻2所示之構成。 However, in the case where the rotating electrical machine is a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine, the configuration shown in Patent Document 2 cannot be directly used for the following reasons.

亦於旋轉件的磁場是利用永久磁鐵所構成的情況下，在旋轉電機作為發電機而運轉著的狀態下從電力變換電路切離直流電源時，使三相的電樞線圈短路的話，旋轉電機的發電輸出歸零，一下子電力變換電路的DC端 子間的電壓，變成比用以確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值還要低的狀態，控制器停止功能。控制器的功能停止的話，變成沒有辦法給予驅動訊號到電力變換電路的切換元件的閘極的緣故，所以把三相的電樞線圈予以短路之3個切換元件同時變成關閉狀態，三相的電樞線圈的短路一口氣被解除。在旋轉件的磁場是利用永久磁鐵所構成的情況下，在電樞線圈的短路被解除的時點旋轉電機還在繼續旋轉的話，會從旋轉電機輸出對應於該旋轉速度的大小之電壓。還有三相的電樞線圈的短路一口氣被解除的話，到那時流動的短路電流被遮斷的緣故，誘發被升壓在三相的電樞線圈之電壓。此時從電力變換電路切離直流電源的話，吸收旋轉電機所輸出的能量的僅是平滑用電容器的緣故，電力變換電路之DC端子間的電壓急遽上升。電力變換電路之DC端子間的電壓上升的話，控制電源電路的輸出回復，構成控制器的微處理器再開始作動。此時控制器的微處理器，首先，進行CPU的重置與各部的初始化後，來到了進行過電壓保護動作的任務處理的時序時，開始過電壓保護動作。為此，發生在解除了電樞線圈的短路時之電壓的急遽上升，過電壓保護動作追不上，保護動作開始後於電樞線圈短路前，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓變得過大，是有連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路被破壞的情況。 When the magnetic field of the rotating member is formed by a permanent magnet, when the rotating electric machine is operated as a generator and the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit, the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited. The power output is reset to zero, and the DC end of the power conversion circuit The voltage between the sub-states becomes lower than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary to ensure the power supply voltage of the controller, and the controller stops the function. When the function of the controller is stopped, there is no way to give the drive signal to the gate of the switching element of the power conversion circuit. Therefore, the three switching elements that short-circuit the three-phase armature coil are simultaneously turned off, and the three-phase power is turned off. The short circuit of the pivot coil is released. When the magnetic field of the rotating member is constituted by a permanent magnet, when the rotating motor continues to rotate when the short circuit of the armature coil is released, the voltage corresponding to the rotating speed is output from the rotating electrical machine. When the short-circuit of the three-phase armature coil is released, the short-circuit current flowing at that time is blocked, and the voltage of the three-phase armature coil is induced to be boosted. At this time, when the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit, only the smoothing capacitor is absorbed by the energy output from the rotary electric machine, and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises sharply. When the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises, the output of the control power supply circuit is restored, and the microprocessor constituting the controller starts operating again. At this time, the microprocessor of the controller first performs the overvoltage protection operation when the CPU resets and the initialization of each unit comes to the timing of the task processing for the overvoltage protection operation. Therefore, the voltage rises rapidly when the armature coil is short-circuited, and the over-voltage protection operation cannot catch up. After the protection operation starts, the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit becomes excessive before the armature coil is short-circuited. It is a case where the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is broken.

考慮到當直流電源切離後產生過電壓時，短路電樞線圈的同時，進行使內燃引擎停止的控制。但是， 縱使進行使內燃引擎停止的控制，因為內燃引擎及連接到內燃引擎的旋轉電機的慣性，導致一直到內燃引擎實際停止為止的程度需要時間的緣故，在誘發在電樞線圈的電壓急遽上升的狀況下，無法確實地防止連接到電力變換電路的DC端子間之電路的構成零件因為過電壓而被破壞。 In consideration of the occurrence of an overvoltage when the DC power source is cut off, the control of stopping the internal combustion engine is performed while short-circuiting the armature coil. but, Even if the control to stop the internal combustion engine is performed, the inertia of the internal combustion engine and the rotary electric machine connected to the internal combustion engine causes the time until the internal combustion engine actually stops, and the voltage in the armature coil is induced. In the case of rapid rise, it is impossible to reliably prevent the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit from being broken due to the overvoltage.

本發明的目的，係在於提供有一種旋轉電機的控制裝置，在旋轉電機作為發電機而運轉並通過電力變換電路對直流電源充電的狀態下，當從電力變換電路切離直流電源時，可以確實防止連接到電力變換電路的DC端子間之電路的構成零件因為過電壓而破損。 An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for a rotating electrical machine in which a rotary electric machine is operated as a generator and a DC power source is charged by a power conversion circuit, and when the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit, The components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals connected to the power conversion circuit are prevented from being damaged due to an overvoltage.

本發明係以控制旋轉電機的控制裝置為對象，該旋轉電機為具備利用永久磁鐵來構成磁場之旋轉件、以及具有三相的電樞線圈之固定件，作動為交流發電機或是馬達。 The present invention is directed to a control device for controlling a rotating electrical machine comprising a rotating member that forms a magnetic field by a permanent magnet and a fixing member having an armature coil of three phases, and is actuated as an alternator or a motor.

有關本發明之控制裝置，係具備著：電力變換電路，其係各支路是利用具備切換元件與被反向並聯連接到該切換元件的反饋二極體之三相全波橋式電路所構成，具有被連接到直流電源的兩端之一對DC端子(直流側端子)與個別連接到前述電樞線圈的三相的端子之三相的AC端子(交流側端子)，平滑用電容器，是被連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間，以及控制器，其係控制電力變換電路。控制器，係控制電力變換電路的切換元件，使 得：設成把從電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓所得到的控制用直流電壓作為電源電壓來作動，在把旋轉電機作為馬達來作動之際把電力變換電路作為換流器來發揮功能並從直流電源供給電樞電流到旋轉電機，在把旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動之際把電力變換電路作為整流器來發揮功能並從電樞線圈供給充電電流到直流電源。 A control device according to the present invention includes: a power conversion circuit in which each branch is constituted by a three-phase full-wave bridge circuit including a switching element and a feedback diode connected in reverse parallel to the switching element. a three-phase AC terminal (AC side terminal) connected to one of the two ends of the DC power supply to the DC terminal (DC side terminal) and the three-phase terminal individually connected to the armature coil, and a smoothing capacitor is It is connected between DC terminals of the power conversion circuit, and a controller that controls the power conversion circuit. a controller that controls a switching element of the power conversion circuit so that It is assumed that the control DC voltage obtained from the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is used as the power source voltage, and the power conversion circuit functions as an inverter when the rotating electrical machine is operated as a motor. The armature current is supplied from the DC power source to the rotating electrical machine, and when the rotating electrical machine is operated as an alternator, the power conversion circuit functions as a rectifier and the charging current is supplied from the armature coil to the DC power source.

在本發明中，前述控制器，係構成：當電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值為已設定之過電壓判定值以上時，經由進行同時把電力變換電路的上支路之3個切換元件或是下支路之3個切換元件切到開啟狀態的方式進行短路了三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，當電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值比過電壓判定值還要低、下降到已設定成為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，進行把短路中的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態後進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制。 In the present invention, the controller is configured to perform three switching elements of the upper branch of the power conversion circuit simultaneously when the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is equal to or greater than the set overvoltage determination value. Or the three-phase short-circuit control of the state of the three-phase armature coil short-circuited by the three switching elements of the lower branch to the open state, when the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is greater than the overvoltage determination value When the low voltage determination value is set to a value equal to or greater than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary to secure the power supply voltage of the controller, three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit are performed. One of the cut-off states is followed by two-phase short-circuit control in which only the state of the two-phase armature coil is short-circuited.

構成如上述的話，在旋轉電機作為發電機運轉著的狀態下直流電源從電力變換電路切離，之後電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓上升到過電壓判定值時，使三相的電樞線圈短路，旋轉電機的輸出被歸零的緣故，可以防止連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間之電路的構成零件因為過電壓而被破壞。 In the above-described configuration, when the rotary electric machine is operated as a generator, the DC power supply is disconnected from the power conversion circuit, and when the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises to the overvoltage determination value, the three-phase armature coil is made. In the short circuit, the output of the rotating electrical machine is zeroed, and it is possible to prevent the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit from being broken due to the overvoltage.

旋轉電機的輸出被歸零的話，因為平滑用電 容器的兩端的電壓下降的緣故，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓下降。電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓一直下降到設定好的低電壓判定值的話，把短路中之三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件內的一個切換元件設成關閉狀態，切換成僅兩相的電樞線圈被短路的狀態，所以電樞線圈變成產生單相交流電壓的狀態。此時，在電力變換電路的DC端子間，出現把誘發在旋轉電機的單相的電樞線圈之單相交流電壓做半波整流的電壓。如此，當切離了直流電源時，旋轉電機之僅一相的感應電壓的半波整流輸出出現在電力變換電路的直流輸出端子間的話，因為可以和緩DC端子間的電壓上升，接著可以確實地進行DC端子間的電壓一直上升到過電壓判定值為止時的三相短路控制，可以防止連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路的構成零件被破壞。以反覆進行上述的三相短路控制與兩相短路控制的方式，因為可以把電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓，保持在為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的位準的緣故，進行過電壓保護控制的期間，確保控制器的電源電壓，可以保持微處理器在可動作狀態。從而，在從電力變換電路切離了直流電源的狀態下，可以防止電樞線圈的短路被解除後在電力變換電路的DC端子間出現過大的電壓，確實地進行過電壓保護動作。 If the output of the rotating motor is zeroed, because smooth power is used The voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit drops due to the voltage drop across the container. When the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is always lowered to the set low voltage determination value, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit is turned off, and only two are switched. The armature coil of the phase is short-circuited, so the armature coil becomes in a state of generating a single-phase AC voltage. At this time, a voltage for half-wave rectifying the single-phase AC voltage of the armature coil of the single phase of the rotating electrical machine is generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit. In this way, when the DC power supply is cut off, the half-wave rectified output of the induced voltage of only one phase of the rotating electrical machine appears between the DC output terminals of the power conversion circuit, because the voltage between the DC terminals can be increased, and then the voltage can be surely The three-phase short-circuit control when the voltage between the DC terminals is always raised to the overvoltage determination value can prevent the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit from being broken. By repeating the above-described three-phase short-circuit control and two-phase short-circuit control, the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit can be maintained at or above the lower limit of the voltage range necessary for securing the power supply voltage of the controller. For the sake of the level, during the period of overvoltage protection control, the power supply voltage of the controller is ensured, and the microprocessor can be kept in an operable state. Therefore, in a state where the DC power source is disconnected from the power conversion circuit, it is possible to prevent an excessive voltage from occurring between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit after the short circuit of the armature coil is released, and to reliably perform the overvoltage protection operation.

在上述的態樣中，在進行兩相短路控制之際把短路著三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態的時序，係被設定成如下者為佳：收在反向並 聯連接到欲切成關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體流動著順向電流的期間內。 In the above aspect, the timing at which one of the three switching elements short-circuiting the three-phase armature coils is turned off in the two-phase short-circuit control is set to be as follows: In the reverse direction The feedback diode connected to the switching element to be cut into a closed state flows during the forward current.

在短路著三相的電樞線圈的狀態下，短路著電樞線圈之3個切換元件中，把流動著從旋轉電機朝向電力變換電路方向的極性之短路電流之切換元件切到關閉狀態後，解除一相的短路動作，因為短路電流被遮斷，誘發升壓在電樞線圈的電壓，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓恐有變得過大之虞。相對於此，如上述般，在把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制之際，把短路著三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態的時序，設定成收在反向並聯連接到欲切成關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體流動著順向電流的期間內的話，因為在解除一相的短路之際短路電流沒有被遮斷的緣故，在把短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制之際，誘發被升壓在電樞線圈的電壓，可以防止在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過大的電壓。 In a state in which three-phase armature coils are short-circuited, among the three switching elements that are short-circuited to the armature coil, the switching element of the short-circuit current flowing in the direction from the rotating electrical machine toward the power conversion circuit is cut off. When the short-circuit operation of one phase is released, the short-circuit current is blocked, and the voltage applied to the armature coil is induced to rise, and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit may become excessive. On the other hand, as described above, when the short-circuit control of the armature coil is switched from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control, one of the three switching elements short-circuiting the three-phase armature coil is cut to The timing of the off state is set to be within a period in which the feedback diode of the switching element to be cut into the off state is connected to the forward current, because the short circuit current is not interrupted when the short circuit of one phase is released In the case of the interruption, when the short-circuit control is switched from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control, the voltage boosted to the armature coil is induced to prevent an excessive voltage from being generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit.

在上述的態樣中，兩相短路控制，係在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓下降到低電壓判定值時，進行把並聯連接在流動著順向電流的反饋二極體之切換元件切到關閉狀態者為佳。 In the above aspect, the two-phase short-circuit control is performed when the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit drops to a low voltage determination value, and the switching element of the feedback diode connected in parallel with the forward current is cut. It is better to be in the off state.

也在構成如上述之情況下，不遮斷短路電流，把一個切換元件切到關閉狀態，因為可以解除電樞線圈的一相的短路，不會在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過大的電壓，可以把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制 切換到兩相短路控制，確保控制器的電源電壓。 Also in the case of the above configuration, the short-circuit current is not interrupted, and one switching element is cut to the off state because the short-circuit of one phase of the armature coil can be released, and an excessive voltage is not generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit. , can control the short circuit of the armature coil from the three-phase short circuit control Switch to the two-phase short-circuit control to ensure the controller's supply voltage.

在上述之各態樣中，為了安全，設有控制裝置者為佳，該控制裝置係在使旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動的狀態下，當發生電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓為過電壓判定值以上的狀態時，進行使旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降或是使該旋轉電機的旋轉速度停止之控制。 In each of the above aspects, it is preferable to provide a control device for safety, and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is generated when the rotary electric machine is operated as an alternator. When the voltage determination value is equal to or higher than the voltage determination value, control is performed to lower the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine or to stop the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine.

設有如上述般的控制裝置的話，從電力變換電路切離直流電源時，旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降。在利用兩相短路控制之保護控制在作動著的狀態下旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降的話，一下子控制系統的電源無法確保，保護控制被解除。因為該保護控制被解除的時序不是被管理的時序的緣故，繼續保護控制的話，變成在未意料的時機下保護控制被解除。如此，為了防止在未意料的時機下保護控制被解除後DC端子間的電壓變得過大，控制器，係構成當旋轉電機的旋轉速度為已設定的安全速度以下時使兩相短路控制結束者為佳。安全速度，係設定成旋轉電機的無負載感應電壓成為不會破壞損傷機器的電壓值之旋轉速度。 When the control device as described above is provided, when the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit, the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine is lowered. When the rotation speed of the rotary electric machine is lowered in the state of being actuated by the protection control of the two-phase short-circuit control, the power supply of the one-time control system cannot be ensured, and the protection control is released. Since the timing at which the protection control is released is not the managed timing, if the protection control is continued, the protection control is released at an unexpected timing. In this way, in order to prevent the voltage between the DC terminals from becoming excessive after the protection control is released at an unexpected timing, the controller is configured to terminate the two-phase short-circuit control when the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine is equal to or lower than the set safe speed. It is better. The safe speed is set so that the no-load induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine becomes a rotational speed that does not damage the voltage value of the damaged machine.

根據本發明，當電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值為已設定的過電壓判定值以上時，進行切成已短路三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值，為比過電壓判定值還要低、下降到 被設定成為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，因為把電樞線圈的短路控制，切換成做成僅短路兩相的電樞線圈之狀態的兩相短路控制的緣故，可以在進行用以因為過電壓而保護被連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路之動作的期間確保控制器的電源電壓，把控制器保持在動作狀態。從而，可以在進行過電壓保護動作的期間停止控制器的動作，防止再電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過電壓，可以確實地進行過電壓保護動作。 According to the present invention, when the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is equal to or greater than the set overvoltage determination value, three-phase short-circuit control is performed in a state in which the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited, and the DC of the power conversion circuit is performed. The voltage value between the terminals is lower than the overvoltage determination value and falls to When the low voltage determination value is set to a value equal to or higher than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for the power supply voltage of the controller, the short circuit control of the armature coil is switched to the armature coil which is short-circuited only for two phases. In the state of the two-phase short-circuit control, the power supply voltage of the controller can be ensured while the operation of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is protected by the overvoltage, and the controller can be kept in the operating state. . Therefore, it is possible to stop the operation of the controller during the overvoltage protection operation, prevent an overvoltage from occurring between the DC terminals of the re-power conversion circuit, and reliably perform the overvoltage protection operation.

1‧‧‧內燃引擎 1‧‧‧ internal combustion engine

2‧‧‧永磁式旋轉電機 2‧‧‧ Permanent magnet rotary motor

2u~2w‧‧‧旋轉電機的電樞線圈之三相的端子 2u~2w‧‧‧Three-phase terminal of armature coil of rotating electrical machine

3‧‧‧直流電源 3‧‧‧DC power supply

4‧‧‧旋轉電機控制裝置 4‧‧‧Rotary motor control unit

5‧‧‧旋轉位置檢測器 5‧‧‧Rotary position detector

6‧‧‧電力變換電路 6‧‧‧Power conversion circuit

6a‧‧‧正極側DC端子 6a‧‧‧positive side DC terminal

6b‧‧‧負極側DC端子 6b‧‧‧Negative side DC terminal

6u~6w‧‧‧AC端子 6u~6w‧‧‧AC terminal

7‧‧‧控制器 7‧‧‧ Controller

8‧‧‧平滑用電容器 8‧‧‧Smoothing capacitors

9‧‧‧電源電壓檢測電路 9‧‧‧Power supply voltage detection circuit

10‧‧‧電流檢測電路 10‧‧‧ Current detection circuit

12‧‧‧控制電源電路 12‧‧‧Control power circuit

13‧‧‧馬達輸出轉矩指示手段 13‧‧‧Motor output torque indication means

14‧‧‧發電電壓指示手段 14‧‧‧Power generation voltage indication means

15‧‧‧旋轉位置演算手段 15‧‧‧Rotational position calculation

16‧‧‧向量演算手段 16‧‧‧Vector calculus

17‧‧‧過電壓判定手段 17‧‧‧Overvoltage determination means

18‧‧‧低電壓判定手段 18‧‧‧Low voltage determination means

19‧‧‧驅動模式產生手段 19‧‧‧Drive mode generation means

20‧‧‧主繼電器 20‧‧‧Main relay

21‧‧‧主繼電器控制手段 21‧‧‧Main relay control means

〔圖1〕圖1為表示有關本發明之旋轉電機的控制裝置之一實施型態之整體的構成之方塊圖。 Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of a control device for a rotating electrical machine according to the present invention.

〔圖2〕圖2為在本實施型態的控制裝置中，同時表示有把經由微處理器構成在控制器內之各種的功能實現手段，使用在本實施型態之電力變換電路的構成之構成圖。 [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 shows a configuration of a power conversion circuit according to the present embodiment, in which a control means for the present embodiment is also provided with various function realization means for configuring a controller in a controller. Make up the picture.

〔圖3〕圖3為表示使用在本實施型態之向量演算手段的構成例之方塊圖。 [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a vector calculation means used in the present embodiment.

〔圖4〕圖4為在本實施型態中，記入了於短路三相的電樞線圈之際所流動的電流之電力變換電路的電路圖。 [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit in which a current flowing in a three-phase armature coil is short-circuited in the present embodiment.

〔圖5〕圖5為在本實施型態中，記入了於短路二相的電樞線圈之際所流動的電流之電力變換電路的電路圖。 [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a power conversion circuit in which a current flowing in a short-circuit two-phase armature coil is recorded in the present embodiment.

〔圖6〕圖6為在有關本發明的控制裝置中，表示有 於檢測出過電壓之際利用微處理器而被實行的處理之演算法之一例之流程圖。 [Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a view showing a control device according to the present invention A flowchart of an example of an algorithm for processing performed by a microprocessor when an overvoltage is detected.

〔圖7〕圖7為概略地表示在本發明為對象之控制裝置中，卸載了電池之際的直流電源電壓的變化之一例之圖。 [Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a view schematically showing an example of a change in a DC power supply voltage when a battery is unloaded in the control device according to the present invention.

〔圖8〕圖8為於短路二相的電樞線圈之際，顯示有在電力變換電路的DC端子間所顯現的電壓平滑前的波形之波形圖。 [Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a waveform diagram showing waveforms before voltage smoothing appearing between DC terminals of the power conversion circuit when the two-phase armature coil is short-circuited.

圖1，係表示構成本發明之一實施型態之整體的構成，故在同一圖中，符號1為內燃引擎，符號2為永磁式旋轉電機，該永磁式旋轉電機具有旋轉件與固定件，該旋轉件為結合到內燃引擎1的曲柄軸，符號3為直流電源，符號4為控制旋轉電機之控制裝置。 1 is a view showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, in the same figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an internal combustion engine, and reference numeral 2 denotes a permanent magnet type rotating electric machine having a rotating member and a fixed portion. The rotating member is a crankshaft coupled to the internal combustion engine 1, the symbol 3 is a DC power source, and the symbol 4 is a control device for controlling the rotating electrical machine.

旋轉電機2的旋轉件，係具有利用永久磁鐵所構成的磁場；固定件，係具有三相的電樞線圈Lu、Lv及Lw(參閱圖4或圖5)。旋轉電機2，係利用從直流電源3通過後述之電力變換電路賦予電力的方式，使內燃引擎1啟動作為馬達來作動，經由利用內燃引擎1驅動旋轉件的方式來作為交流發電機進行作動。 The rotating member of the rotary electric machine 2 has a magnetic field formed by a permanent magnet, and the fixed member has three-phase armature coils Lu, Lv, and Lw (see FIG. 4 or FIG. 5). In the rotary electric machine 2, the internal combustion engine 1 is started to operate as a motor by the electric power conversion circuit to be described later from the DC power supply 3, and the internal combustion engine 1 is driven by the internal combustion engine 1 to operate as an alternator. .

未圖示的部分是，旋轉電機2的旋轉件，例如，由形成杯狀的旋轉軛、以及安裝在旋轉軛的周圍壁部的內周之永久磁鐵所構成，利用設在旋轉軛的底壁部的中 央之凸起部連結到內燃引擎1的曲柄軸的方式安裝到內燃引擎1。 The portion (not shown) is a rotating member of the rotary electric machine 2, for example, a rotary yoke that forms a cup shape, and a permanent magnet attached to the inner circumference of the peripheral wall portion of the rotary yoke, and is provided on the bottom wall of the rotary yoke. Middle The central boss is attached to the internal combustion engine 1 in such a manner as to be coupled to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1.

旋轉電機2的固定件，係由電樞鐵心、與三相的電樞線圈Lu~Lw所構成；該電樞鐵心具有與旋轉件的磁場對向之磁極部；該三相的電樞線圈Lu~Lw被捲繞在電樞鐵心。固定件，係被固定在設在內燃引擎的外殼等之固定件安裝用的框架上，該電樞鐵心的磁極部為介隔著間隙與旋轉件的磁極對向。 The fixing member of the rotary electric machine 2 is composed of an armature core and a three-phase armature coil Lu~Lw; the armature core has a magnetic pole portion opposite to the magnetic field of the rotating member; the three-phase armature coil Lu ~Lw is wound around the armature core. The fixing member is fixed to a frame for mounting a fixing member such as an outer casing of the internal combustion engine, and a magnetic pole portion of the armature core faces the magnetic pole of the rotating member via a gap.

為了檢測旋轉電機1的旋轉子的旋轉角度位置，設有旋轉位置檢測器5。旋轉位置檢測器5，例如，利用個別配置在各自相對於三相的電樞線圈所設定之3個檢測位置的3個霍爾IC所構成。該情況下，旋轉位置檢測器5，係相對於各個三相的電樞線圈輸出矩形波狀的訊號；該矩形波狀的訊號，為霍爾IC所檢測出的旋轉件的磁極的極性每次從低位準變到高位準、或是位準變化從高位準到低位準之矩形波狀的訊號。 In order to detect the rotational angular position of the rotator of the rotary electric machine 1, a rotational position detector 5 is provided. The rotational position detector 5 is configured by, for example, three Hall ICs each arranged at three detection positions set with respect to the three-phase armature coils. In this case, the rotational position detector 5 outputs a rectangular wave signal with respect to each of the three-phase armature coils; the rectangular wave-shaped signal is the polarity of the magnetic pole of the rotating member detected by the Hall IC each time. A rectangular wave-like signal that changes from a low level to a high level or a level change from a high level to a low level.

直流電源3，為具有蓄積電能功能之電源，是利用電池或電容等之能量儲存裝置所構成。在本實施型態中，構成直流電源3之能量儲存裝置是由電池所構成。 The DC power source 3 is a power source having a function of accumulating electric energy, and is constituted by an energy storage device such as a battery or a capacitor. In the present embodiment, the energy storage device constituting the DC power source 3 is constituted by a battery.

控制裝置4，係具備：設在旋轉電機2與直流電源3之間的電力變換電路6、以及控制電力變換電路6之控制器7。 The control device 4 includes a power conversion circuit 6 provided between the rotary electric machine 2 and the DC power supply 3, and a controller 7 that controls the power conversion circuit 6.

如圖2、圖4或是圖5所示般，電力變換電路6，係由三相全波橋式電路所構成，該三相全波橋式電路 具有相互地串聯連接之上下支路，各支路為具備有由切換元件以及與該切換元件反向並聯連接之反饋二極體所構成之3個調節器601至603，且由具有並聯連接這3個調節器之結構。 As shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the power conversion circuit 6 is composed of a three-phase full-wave bridge circuit, and the three-phase full-wave bridge circuit The upper and lower branches are connected in series with each other, and each of the branches is provided with three regulators 601 to 603 including a switching element and a feedback diode connected in reverse parallel with the switching element, and has a parallel connection. The structure of the three regulators.

在圖示的例子中，Qu、Qv及Qw為表示各個調節器601、602及603之上支路的切換元件，Du、Dv及Dw為表示反向並聯連接到各個切換元件Qu、Qv及Qw之上支路的反饋二極體。還有，Qx、Qv及Qz為表示各個調節器601、602及603之下支路的切換元件，Dx、Dy及Dz為表示反向並聯連接到各個切換元件Qx、Qv及Qz之下支路的反饋二極體。 In the illustrated example, Qu, Qv, and Qw are switching elements representing the upper branches of the respective regulators 601, 602, and 603, and Du, Dv, and Dw are connected in reverse parallel to the respective switching elements Qu, Qv, and Qw. The feedback diode of the upper branch. Further, Qx, Qv, and Qz are switching elements indicating branches below the respective regulators 601, 602, and 603, and Dx, Dy, and Dz are connected in reverse parallel connection to the respective switching elements Qx, Qv, and Qz. Feedback diode.

電力變換電路6，係具有：從該全波橋式電路的兩端所引出之一對的DC端子6a、6b、以及從全波橋式電路的3個調節器601乃至603之各個的上支路與下支路的連接點所抽出之三相的AC端子6u、6v及6w。電力變換電路6之一對的DC端子6a及6b係連接到直流電源3的兩端；三相的AC端子6u、6v及6w係各自連接到旋轉電機2的電樞線圈之三相的端子2u、2v及2w。DC端子6a及6b係各自為正極側及負極側的端子，DC端子6a及6b為各自連接到直流電源3的正極端子及負極端子。在圖示的例子中，負極側端子6b接地。在電力變換電路6之一對的DC端子6a、6b間，連接著平滑用電容器8。於圖2、圖4及圖5中，r為電流檢測手段，係***用以檢測通過電力變換電路6而流動的電流之正極側的DC端子 6a以及平滑用電容器8的非接地側端子之間。在本實施型態中，該電流檢測手段乃是利用分路阻抗(shunt resistance)所構成。 The power conversion circuit 6 has a pair of DC terminals 6a and 6b drawn from both ends of the full-wave bridge circuit, and an upper branch of each of the three regulators 601 and 603 from the full-wave bridge circuit. Three-phase AC terminals 6u, 6v, and 6w drawn from the junction of the road and the lower branch. The DC terminals 6a and 6b of one pair of the power conversion circuit 6 are connected to both ends of the DC power source 3; the three-phase AC terminals 6u, 6v and 6w are respectively connected to the three-phase terminals 2u of the armature coil of the rotary electric machine 2 , 2v and 2w. The DC terminals 6a and 6b are terminals on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side, and the DC terminals 6a and 6b are positive electrode terminals and negative electrode terminals each connected to the DC power source 3. In the illustrated example, the negative electrode side terminal 6b is grounded. A smoothing capacitor 8 is connected between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of one of the power conversion circuits 6. In FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, r is a current detecting means, and is inserted into a DC terminal on the positive side for detecting a current flowing through the power conversion circuit 6. 6a and between the non-grounding terminals of the smoothing capacitor 8. In the present embodiment, the current detecting means is constituted by a shunt resistance.

電力變換電路6的各個切換元件，係由MOSFET或IGBT等的半導體切換元件所構成，在上支路的切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw及下支路的切換元件Qx、Qy、Qz之各個閘極，由設在控制器7之切換器驅動電路701給予驅動訊號Su、Sv、Sw及Sx、Sy、Sz。電力變換電路6的各個支路的切換元件，係在給予驅動訊號時從關閉狀態遷移到開啟狀態，且在給予驅動訊號的期間保持開啟狀態，於除去驅動訊號之際遷移到關閉狀態。 Each of the switching elements of the power conversion circuit 6 is composed of a semiconductor switching element such as a MOSFET or an IGBT, and the switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw of the upper arm and the gates of the switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the lower arm are connected. The drive signals Su, Sv, Sw and Sx, Sy, Sz are given by the switch drive circuit 701 provided in the controller 7. The switching elements of the respective branches of the power conversion circuit 6 are moved from the off state to the on state when the drive signal is given, and remain on during the period in which the drive signal is given, and are shifted to the off state when the drive signal is removed.

在把旋轉電機2作為馬達進行驅動之際，把電力變換電路6作為換流器而發揮功能，為了能夠使旋轉電機2旋轉在設定的方向，從直流電源3到旋轉電機2的三相的電樞線圈Lu乃至Lw，控制給予驅動訊號到各個切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz的時序，使得流動有以設定的順序進行轉換之驅動電流。還有，經由使電力變換電路的上支路的切換元件或是下支路的切換元件以設定的工作比(duty ratio)進行開關的方式，流動到旋轉電機的電樞線圈之驅動電流做PWM控制，使得從旋轉電機輸出期望的轉矩。 When the rotary electric machine 2 is driven as a motor, the power conversion circuit 6 functions as an inverter, and the three-phase electric power from the direct current power source 3 to the rotary electric machine 2 is rotated in order to rotate the rotary electric machine 2 in the set direction. The pivot coils Lu and Lw control the timings at which the drive signals are supplied to the respective switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, and Qz so that the driving currents that are converted in the set order are flowed. Further, by switching the switching element of the upper arm of the power conversion circuit or the switching element of the lower arm to a set duty ratio, the driving current flowing to the armature coil of the rotating electrical machine is PWM. Control so that the desired torque is output from the rotating electrical machine.

在旋轉電機2作為發電機作動之際，電力變換電路6之做全波橋連接之反饋二極體Du~Dw及Dx~Dz是作為全波整流器而發揮功能，把旋轉電機1的電樞 線圈所產生的交流輸出變換成直流輸出，把該直流輸出供給到直流電源3，對直流電源(在本實施型態為電池)3充電。 When the rotary electric machine 2 is actuated as a generator, the feedback diodes Du~Dw and Dx~Dz of the full-wave bridge connection of the power conversion circuit 6 function as a full-wave rectifier, and the armature of the rotary electric machine 1 is used. The AC output generated by the coil is converted into a DC output, and the DC output is supplied to the DC power source 3 to charge the DC power source (the battery in this embodiment).

控制器7、係具備有：具有中央演算裝置(CPU)7A、非揮發性記憶體(ROM)7B、揮發性記憶體(RAM)7C、輸入介面7D及輸出介面7E等之微處理器700、以及切換驅動電路701。在控制器7的CPU7A，從旋轉位置檢測器5所得到的位置檢測訊號、檢測電力變換電路6的DC端子6a、6b間的電壓之電源電壓檢測電路9的輸出、以及檢測從電力變換電路6給予到旋轉電機2的驅動電流之電流檢測電路10的輸出，乃是透過輸入介面7D進行輸入。 The controller 7 includes a microprocessor 700 including a central computing unit (CPU) 7A, a non-volatile memory (ROM) 7B, a volatile memory (RAM) 7C, an input interface 7D, and an output interface 7E. And switching the drive circuit 701. The CPU 7A of the controller 7 outputs the position detection signal obtained from the rotational position detector 5, the output of the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 that detects the voltage between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power conversion circuit 6, and the detection power conversion circuit 6. The output of the current detecting circuit 10 given to the drive current of the rotary electric machine 2 is input through the input interface 7D.

構成控制器7的微處理器700的輸出介面7E，係具有各自對應到電力變換電路6的切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz之輸出端子，從各自對應到切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz之輸出端子以設定的時序輸出開啟指令訊號u、v、w、及x、y、z，該開啟指令訊號u、v、w、及x、y、z係各自指定把切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz切到開啟狀態。切換驅動電路701，係具有各自對應到切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz輸入端子與輸出端子，從輸出介面7E的輸出端子所輸出的開啟指令訊號u、v、w、及x、y、z為輸入到切換驅動電路701所對應的輸入端子。 The output interface 7E of the microprocessor 700 constituting the controller 7 has output terminals corresponding to the switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, and Qz of the power conversion circuit 6, respectively, from the respective switching elements Qu, The output terminals of Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, and Qz output the open command signals u, v, w, and x, y, and z at the set timing, and the open command signals u, v, w, and x, y, z Each of the switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, Qz is cut to an open state. The switching drive circuit 701 has an open command signal u, v, w, and output corresponding to the input terminals and output terminals of the switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, and Qz, respectively, from the output terminals of the output interface 7E. X, y, and z are input terminals corresponding to the input to the switching drive circuit 701.

切換驅動電路701，係具備放大輸入到各輸入 端子的開啟指令訊號且從所對應的輸出端子進行輸出之放大器，從微處理器700的輸出介面7E輸出各自對應切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz的開啟指令訊號時，放大這些開啟指令訊號，把放大過的訊號當作驅動訊號(為了把各切換元件切到開啟狀態之給予到各切換元件的訊號)Su、Sv、Sw、及Sx、Sy、Sz供給到切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw、及Qx、Qy、Qz的閘極。 The switching drive circuit 701 has an amplification input to each input An amplifier that turns on a command signal and outputs from the corresponding output terminal outputs an open command signal corresponding to each of the switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, and Qz from the output interface 7E of the microprocessor 700. These turn on the command signals, and the amplified signals are used as drive signals (signals given to the respective switching elements for cutting the switching elements to the on state) Su, Sv, Sw, and Sx, Sy, Sz are supplied to the switching elements Qu , Qv, Qw, and Qx, Qy, Qz gate.

在把旋轉電機2作為馬達作動之際，為了控制該輸出轉矩，PWM控制從直流電源3供給到旋轉電機2的驅動電流。為此，輸出介面7E所輸出的開啟指令訊號之中，針對下支路的切換元件之開啟指令訊號或是針對上支路的切換元件之開啟指令訊號，是被做為調變成以設定的工作比來斷斷續續之波形，該調變過的開啟指令訊號被放大後，當作驅動訊號給予到電力變換電路6之設定的切換元件的閘極。經此，電力變換電路6之下支路的切換元件或是上支路的切換元件是以設定的工作比而被開關，進而PWM控制供給到旋轉電機2的驅動電流。 When the rotary electric machine 2 is actuated as a motor, the PWM controls the drive current supplied from the DC power supply 3 to the rotary electric machine 2 in order to control the output torque. For this reason, among the open command signals output by the output interface 7E, the open command signal for the switching element of the lower branch or the open command signal for the switching element of the upper branch is adjusted to be set to work. In contrast to the intermittent waveform, the modulated open command signal is amplified and applied as a drive signal to the gate of the set switching element of the power conversion circuit 6. Accordingly, the switching element of the lower branch of the power conversion circuit 6 or the switching element of the upper branch is switched at a set duty ratio, and the drive current supplied to the rotary electric machine 2 is PWM controlled.

設有把電力變換電路6的DC端子6a、6b間的電壓作為輸入來產生一定的直流電壓之控制電源電路12，從該控制電源電路12給予電源電壓到控制器7。圖示之控制電源電路12，係輸出：用以驅動微處理器700之電源電壓(例如5伏特)、以及用以驅動切換驅動電路701之電源電壓(例如10伏特)。該情況下，為了把控制器7保持在動作狀態，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電 壓有必要為10伏特以上。 A control power supply circuit 12 that generates a constant DC voltage by inputting a voltage between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power conversion circuit 6 is provided, and the power supply voltage is supplied from the control power supply circuit 12 to the controller 7. The illustrated control power supply circuit 12 outputs an output voltage (e.g., 5 volts) for driving the microprocessor 700, and a power supply voltage (e.g., 10 volts) for driving the switching drive circuit 701. In this case, in order to keep the controller 7 in the operating state, the power between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit The pressure is necessary to be 10 volts or more.

構成控制器7之微處理器，係經由實行設定的程式的方式，為了控制旋轉電機2，構成有實現各種必要的功能之手段。參閱圖2，利用控制器7的微處理器所構成之功能實現手段的一例，同時揭示有電力變換電路6的構成例。 The microprocessor constituting the controller 7 is configured to implement various functions necessary for controlling the rotary electric machine 2 by executing a programmed program. Referring to Fig. 2, an example of a function realization means constituted by a microprocessor of the controller 7 is disclosed, and a configuration example of the power conversion circuit 6 is also disclosed.

在圖2中，在揭示於圖1的各部與同等的部分，賦予與圖1相同的符號。在揭示於圖2的例子中，利用微處理器700(參閱圖1)實行設定的程式的方式，構成有：馬達輸出轉矩指示手段13、發電電壓指示手段14、旋轉位置演算手段15、向量演算手段16、過電壓判定手段17、低電壓判定手段18、以及驅動模式產生手段19。 In FIG. 2, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In the example disclosed in FIG. 2, the microprocessor 700 (see FIG. 1) is used to execute the set program, and the motor output torque indicating means 13, the power generation voltage indicating means 14, the rotational position calculating means 15, and the vector are configured. The calculation means 16, the overvoltage determination means 17, the low voltage determination means 18, and the drive mode generation means 19.

馬達輸出轉矩指示手段13，乃是給予指示值之手段，該指示值為把旋轉電機2當作馬達來作動之際的輸出轉矩的指示值。馬達輸出轉矩指示手段13，係於啟動內燃引擎之際把輸出自旋轉電機2的轉矩之指示值從ROM讀出後給予到向量演算手段16。 The motor output torque indicating means 13 is a means for giving an instruction value which is an indication value of the output torque when the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a motor. The motor output torque indicating means 13 supplies the instruction value of the torque output from the rotating electrical machine 2 to the vector calculation means 16 when the internal combustion engine is started.

發電電壓指示手段14，乃是給予電壓的上限值與下限值之指示值之手段，該電壓為把旋轉電機2當作發電機來作動並對電池充電之際之輸出自旋轉電機2的電壓。發電電壓指示手段14，係於內燃引擎的啟動完畢後，旋轉電機作為發電機來作動之際，把發電電壓的指示值從ROM讀出後給予到向量演算手段16。 The power generation voltage indicating means 14 is a means for giving an indication value of the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the voltage, and the voltage is output from the rotary electric machine 2 when the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a generator and charges the battery. Voltage. The power generation voltage indicating means 14 supplies the instruction value of the power generation voltage to the vector calculation means 16 when the rotary electric machine is operated as a generator after the start of the internal combustion engine is completed.

旋轉位置演算手段15，乃是把設在旋轉電機2的旋轉位置檢測器5所輸出之三相的位置檢測訊號當作輸入，演算旋轉電機的旋轉件的旋轉位置(電角度)之手段。 The rotational position calculation means 15 is a means for calculating the rotational position (electrical angle) of the rotary member of the rotary electric machine by taking the position detection signal of the three-phase outputted from the rotational position detector 5 of the rotary electric machine 2 as an input.

過電壓判定手段17，乃是比較經由電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電壓、以及預先設定並記憶在ROM7B的過電壓判定值，判定經由電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電源電壓是否為過電壓判定值以上之手段；低電壓判定手段18，乃是判定經由電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電壓是否下降到低電壓判定值之手段。 The overvoltage determining means 17 compares the voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 and the overvoltage determination value previously set and stored in the ROM 7B, and determines whether or not the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 has passed. The means for determining the voltage value or more; the low voltage determining means 18 is means for determining whether or not the voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 has dropped to the low voltage determination value.

過電壓判定值，係設定成比電池的端子電壓的容許範圍的上限值還要高、且比破壞連接在電力變換電路6的DC端子間的迴路之構成零件的電壓還要低的值。 The overvoltage determination value is set to be higher than the upper limit of the allowable range of the terminal voltage of the battery, and is lower than the voltage of the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6.

又，低電壓判定值，係設定成比過電壓判定值還要低、且在為了確保控制器7的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上。電池的額定電壓為12伏特的情況下，過電壓判定值係例如設定成20伏特，低電壓判定值係例如設定成10伏特(為了使切換驅動電路701作動之必要的電壓的下限值)。 Further, the low voltage determination value is set to be lower than the overvoltage determination value and equal to or higher than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for securing the power supply voltage of the controller 7. When the rated voltage of the battery is 12 volts, the overvoltage determination value is set to, for example, 20 volts, and the low voltage determination value is set to, for example, 10 volts (the lower limit of the voltage necessary for switching the drive circuit 701 to operate).

向量演算手段16，係為了對旋轉電機進行向量控制所設置之手段，如圖3所示，是利用相電流檢測手段16A、第1座標變換手段16B、控制電壓演算手段16C、以及第2座標變換手段16D所構成。 The vector calculation means 16 is a means for performing vector control on the rotating electrical machine. As shown in FIG. 3, the phase calculation means 16A, the first coordinate transformation means 16B, the control voltage calculation means 16C, and the second coordinate transformation are used. The means 16D is composed.

在圖3中，相電流檢測手段16A，係由利用 電流檢測電路10所檢測出的電流值、驅動模式產生手段19所產生驅動模式、以及利用旋轉位置演算手段15所演算出的旋轉電機2的旋轉件的磁場的旋轉位置(電角度)，演算出在被設定於固定件側之靜止座標系之U、V、W三相之電流的大小與相位。 In FIG. 3, the phase current detecting means 16A is utilized. The current value detected by the current detecting circuit 10, the driving mode generated by the driving mode generating means 19, and the rotational position (electrical angle) of the magnetic field of the rotating member of the rotating electrical machine 2 calculated by the rotational position calculating means 15 are calculated. The magnitude and phase of the currents of the U, V, and W phases of the stationary coordinate system set on the fixture side.

第1座標變換手段16B，係下述演算：使用利用旋轉位置演算手段15所演算出的旋轉電機的旋轉件的磁場的旋轉位置(電角度)，把上述靜止座標系，變換成把通過各永久磁鐵的中心與旋轉件的中心的軸作為d軸、把相對於d軸偏離電角度為相位90°的軸作為q軸之旋轉座標系，把利用相電流檢測手段16A所檢測出的靜止座標系之各個相的電流，變換成d軸方向的電流分量與q軸方向的電流分量。 The first coordinate conversion means 16B is a calculation for converting the above-described stationary coordinate system into each permanent using the rotational position (electrical angle) of the magnetic field of the rotating member of the rotating electrical machine calculated by the rotational position calculating means 15. The axis of the center of the magnet and the axis of the rotating member is the d-axis, and the axis with the phase of the electrical angle of 90° with respect to the d-axis is the rotational coordinate system of the q-axis, and the stationary coordinate system detected by the phase current detecting means 16A is used. The current of each phase is converted into a current component in the d-axis direction and a current component in the q-axis direction.

控制電壓演算手段16C，係於把旋轉電機作為馬達進行驅動並啟動內燃引擎之際，依據從馬達輸出轉矩指示手段13所給予的馬達輸出轉矩的指示值，演算為了發生所指示的轉矩之必要的d軸驅動電壓與q軸驅動電壓。 The control voltage calculation means 16C calculates the instructed rotation in accordance with the instruction value of the motor output torque given from the motor output torque instruction means 13 when the rotary electric machine is driven as a motor and the internal combustion engine is started. The necessary d-axis drive voltage and q-axis drive voltage for the moment.

控制電壓演算手段16C，係還有在經由利用內燃引擎驅動旋轉電機的方式來作為發電機進行作動並對直流電源3的電池充電之際，根據從發電電壓指示手段14所給予發電電壓的指示值與利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電源電壓之偏差，為了進行把電源電壓(DC端子間的電壓)相等於所指示的發電電壓之控制，輸出必 要的d軸驅動電壓與q軸驅動電壓。 The control voltage calculation means 16C also has an instruction to supply the generated voltage based on the power generation voltage indicating means 14 when the motor is operated as a generator and the battery of the DC power source 3 is charged by driving the rotary electric machine by the internal combustion engine. The value is different from the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9, and the output is controlled in order to control the power supply voltage (the voltage between the DC terminals) equal to the indicated power generation voltage. The d-axis drive voltage and the q-axis drive voltage are required.

本實施型態的控制電壓演算手段16C，係對應到利用電源電壓檢測電路所檢測的電源電壓對d軸電流分量進行回饋控制，使得利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測的電源電壓(直流電源3的兩端的電壓)，為在給予直流電源3的兩端的電壓的容許範圍的下限之設定值以下時(發電量不足時)，使d軸電流變化在增磁方向上；檢測出的電源電壓超過所給予的容許範圍的上限之設定值時(發電量過剩時)，使d軸電流變化在減磁方向上。在向量控制中，d軸電流分量相當於磁場控制電流。直流電源3係利用電池所構成，該額定電壓為12伏特的情況下，給予直流電源3的兩端的電壓的容許範圍的上限之設定值設定成例如14伏特。 The control voltage calculation means 16C of the present embodiment corresponds to the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit for feedback control of the d-axis current component so that the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 (the DC power supply 3) When the voltages at both ends are equal to or lower than the set value of the lower limit of the allowable range of the voltage applied to both ends of the DC power source 3 (when the amount of power generation is insufficient), the d-axis current is changed in the magnetization direction; the detected power source voltage exceeds the When the set value of the upper limit of the allowable range is given (when the amount of power generation is excessive), the d-axis current is changed in the demagnetization direction. In vector control, the d-axis current component corresponds to the magnetic field control current. The DC power source 3 is constituted by a battery. When the rated voltage is 12 volts, the set value of the upper limit of the allowable range of the voltages across the DC power source 3 is set to, for example, 14 volts.

第2座標變換手段16D，係對應到利用旋轉位置演算手段15所演算出的旋轉件的磁場的旋轉位置(電角度)，把利用控制電壓演算手段16C所演算出的d軸驅動電壓與q軸驅動電壓變換成靜止座標系之U、V、W各個相的驅動電壓。 The second coordinate conversion means 16D corresponds to the rotational position (electrical angle) of the magnetic field of the rotating element calculated by the rotational position calculating means 15, and the d-axis driving voltage and the q-axis calculated by the control voltage calculating means 16C. The driving voltage is converted into the driving voltage of each of the U, V, and W phases of the stationary coordinate system.

利用第2座標變換手段16D所演算出的U相驅動電壓、V相驅動電壓、及W相驅動電壓，係被給予到驅動模式產生手段19。驅動模式產生手段19，係根據從第2座標變換手段16D所給予的U相驅動電壓、V相驅動電壓及W相驅動電壓，算出UVW各個相的調節器的PWM能率(duty)，依據算出的PWM能率，把指示應把 電力變換電路6之設定的切換元件切到開啟狀態之開啟指令訊號給予到切換驅動電路701。 The U-phase driving voltage, the V-phase driving voltage, and the W-phase driving voltage calculated by the second coordinate conversion means 16D are supplied to the driving mode generating means 19. The drive mode generating means 19 calculates the PWM energy rate of the regulator of each phase of the UVW based on the U-phase driving voltage, the V-phase driving voltage, and the W-phase driving voltage given from the second coordinate converting means 16D, based on the calculated PWM energy rate, the indication should be The turn-on command signal of the set switching element of the power conversion circuit 6 to the on state is given to the switching drive circuit 701.

表示於圖2之驅動模式產生手段19，係在旋轉電機作為發電機運轉中的狀態下，當因為任何的原因直流電源3從電力變換電路6切離，利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測的電壓為過電壓判定值以上時，進行把電力變換電路的上支路之全部的切換元件同時切到開啟狀態、或是把下支路之全部的切換元件同時切到開啟狀態、來做成短路三相的電樞線圈之狀態的三相短路控制後，平滑用電容器8放電，然後利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電壓為，當比上述過電壓判定值還要低、下降到被設定成為了確保控制器7的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，決定切換元件的驅動模式，使得把短路著旋轉電機的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態，進行把短路電樞線圈的短路控制，切換成做成僅短路兩相的電樞線圈之狀態的兩相短路控制之控制動作，依據決定好的驅動模式輸出開啟指令訊號到切換驅動電路701。 The driving mode generating means 19 shown in Fig. 2 is a voltage detected by the power source voltage detecting circuit 9 when the rotating power source is operated as a generator, and the DC power source 3 is disconnected from the power converting circuit 6 for any reason. When the overvoltage determination value is equal to or higher than the overvoltage determination value, all of the switching elements of the upper arm of the power conversion circuit are simultaneously turned on, or all of the switching elements of the lower arm are simultaneously turned on to be turned on. After the three-phase short-circuit control of the state of the armature coil of the phase, the smoothing capacitor 8 is discharged, and then the voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 is lower than the overvoltage determination value and is set to be set to When a low voltage determination value equal to or greater than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for the power supply voltage of the controller 7 is secured, the drive mode of the switching element is determined so that three of the three-phase armature coils of the rotating electric machine are short-circuited. One of the switching elements is cut to a closed state, and short-circuit control of the short-circuiting armature coil is performed, and switching is made to a state in which only two-phase armature coils are short-circuited. The control action of the two-phase short-circuit control outputs an open command signal to the switching drive circuit 701 according to the determined drive mode.

在圖2中，符號20為具有***到直流電源3的正極端子與正極側DC端子6a之間之常開接點20a、以及激磁線圈20b之主繼電器；符號21為控制主繼電器20之主繼電器控制手段。主繼電器控制手段21，係進行當未圖示的鍵形切換器被切到開啟狀態時對激磁線圈20b激磁讓接點20a切到開啟狀態、當鍵形切換器被切到關閉狀 態時解除激磁線圈20b的激磁把接點20a切到關閉狀態之控制，或是利用電流檢測電路10檢測出流動有過電流時解除激磁線圈20b的激磁把接點20a切到關閉狀態之控制的手段。在圖2中，繼電器20為被激磁的狀態，接點20a為閉狀態。 In Fig. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a main relay having a normally open contact 20a inserted between a positive terminal of a direct current power source 3 and a positive side DC terminal 6a, and an exciting coil 20b; and a symbol 21 is a main relay for controlling the main relay 20. Control means. The main relay control means 21 performs excitation of the exciting coil 20b when the key switch (not shown) is cut to the open state to cause the contact 20a to be cut to the open state, and when the key switch is cut to the closed state In the state, the excitation of the exciting coil 20b is released to control the contact 20a to the closed state, or the current detecting circuit 10 detects that the excitation of the exciting coil 20b is released, and the contact 20a is cut to the closed state. means. In Fig. 2, the relay 20 is in an excited state, and the contact 20a is in a closed state.

以下，說明有關本實施型態的控制裝置之動作。 Hereinafter, the operation of the control device according to this embodiment will be described.

用在本實施型態的控制器7，係進行：直流電源3正確連接到電力變換電路6時，應使旋轉電機2作為馬達來作動，控制電力變換電路6的切換元件之馬達驅動控制、以及在使旋轉電機2作為交流發電機來作動並以旋轉電機2的輸出透過電力變換電路6對直流電源3充電之際，用以把直流電源的兩端的電壓保持在設定範圍之充電控制；在旋轉電機作為發電機運轉中的狀態下從電力變換電路6切離直流電源3，於電力控制電路6的DC端子6a、6b之間產生過電壓時，進行用以因為過電壓而保護被連接在電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電路之過電壓保護控制。馬達驅動控制、電池充電控制及過電壓保護控制係進行如下述。 In the controller 7 of the present embodiment, when the DC power source 3 is correctly connected to the power conversion circuit 6, the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a motor, and the motor drive control of the switching element of the power conversion circuit 6 is controlled, and When the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as an alternator and the output of the rotary electric machine 2 is transmitted through the power conversion circuit 6 to charge the direct current power source 3, charging control for maintaining the voltage across the direct current power source within a set range; When the motor is cut off from the DC power source 3 from the power conversion circuit 6 while the generator is operating, and an overvoltage is generated between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power control circuit 6, the protection is connected to the power due to the overvoltage. Overvoltage protection control of the circuit between the DC terminals of the conversion circuit 6. Motor drive control, battery charge control, and overvoltage protection control are performed as follows.

〔馬達驅動控制〕 [Motor drive control]

控制器7的微處理器700，係於啟動內燃引擎1之際進行馬達驅動控制。在該控制下，由指示轉矩與旋轉速度求出d軸電流及q軸電流，求出d軸驅動電壓及q軸驅動 電壓來能夠個別與這些電流一致。接著經由第2座標變換手段，把這些驅動電壓對應到旋轉位置做座標變換來求出UVW各個相的驅動電壓的指示值，對應到該指示值PWM驅動UVW各個相。在使旋轉電機2作為馬達來作動之際控制電力控制電路的方法，乃是在控制無刷DC馬達之際所使用的向量控制方法。 The microprocessor 700 of the controller 7 performs motor drive control when the internal combustion engine 1 is started. Under this control, the d-axis current and the q-axis current are obtained from the indicated torque and the rotational speed, and the d-axis drive voltage and the q-axis drive are obtained. The voltage can be individually matched to these currents. Then, these driving voltages are coordinate-converted to the rotational position via the second coordinate conversion means to obtain an indication value of the driving voltage of each phase of the UVW, and the respective phases of the UVW are driven by the PWM corresponding to the instruction value. The method of controlling the power control circuit when the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a motor is a vector control method used when controlling the brushless DC motor.

〔電池充電控制〕 [Battery Charge Control]

有關電池充電控制，微處理器700，係應使利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測出的電壓一致到已經設定好的充電電壓，在發電電壓不足時使d軸電流變化在增磁方向，在發電電壓過剩時使d軸電流變化在減磁方向，對應到電源電壓檢測電路的檢測輸出來對發電電壓進行回饋控制。 Regarding the battery charging control, the microprocessor 700 should make the voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 coincide with the already set charging voltage, and cause the d-axis current to change in the magnetizing direction when the generated voltage is insufficient, in the power generation. When the voltage is excessive, the d-axis current is changed in the demagnetization direction, and the power generation voltage is feedback-controlled corresponding to the detection output of the power supply voltage detecting circuit.

〔過電壓保護控制〕 [Overvoltage protection control]

在把旋轉電機2作為發電機而運轉著的狀態下，比如切斷連接在直流電源與電力變換電路之間的配線，或是繼電器20故障接點20a跳開等等，直流電源3從電力變換電路6被切離的話，控制器7控制旋轉電機變成切不斷，其輸出電壓上升，電力變換電路6的DC端子6a、6b之間的電壓變得過大。因為上述的過電壓而為了保護連接在電力變換電路的DC端子6a、6b之間的電路，是有必要進行過電壓保護控制。 In a state in which the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a generator, for example, the wiring connected between the DC power source and the power conversion circuit is cut off, or the relay 20 is disconnected from the fault contact 20a, etc., and the DC power source 3 is switched from the power. When the circuit 6 is cut away, the controller 7 controls the rotary electric machine to be cut, the output voltage thereof rises, and the voltage between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power conversion circuit 6 becomes excessive. In order to protect the circuit connected between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power conversion circuit due to the above-described overvoltage, it is necessary to perform overvoltage protection control.

如先前所述，在以往的旋轉電機的控制裝置 中，在旋轉電機作為發電機而運轉著的狀態下，當切離直流電源3後在電力變換電路6的DC端子間產生過電壓時，利用把旋轉電機的三相的電樞線圈全部短路的方式，讓電樞線圈的輸出電壓歸零，來保護連接在DC端子間的電路。 As described previously, in the conventional control device for a rotating electrical machine In the state in which the rotating electrical machine is operated as a generator, when an overvoltage is generated between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 after the DC power supply 3 is cut off, the three-phase armature coils of the rotating electrical machine are all short-circuited. In this way, the output voltage of the armature coil is reset to zero to protect the circuit connected between the DC terminals.

圖7，係在以往的控制裝置中，揭示有在進行過電壓保護動作之際顯示電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓的變化。圖7的橫軸為表示時間t，縱軸為表示電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓(直流電源電壓)E。在旋轉電機作為發電機而運轉著的狀態下，揭示於圖7的時刻t1中，一卸載電池，就會讓旋轉電機的輸出無法被電池吸收的緣故，變成無法完全控制旋轉電機輸出，直流電源電壓E上升。在時刻t2中，直流電源電壓E達到過電壓判定值EH的話，驅動訊號同時被給予到電力變換電路之全部的下支路的切換元件或是全部的上支路的切換元件，旋轉電機的輸出被歸零。旋轉電機的輸出為零的期間，連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的平滑用電容器進行放電，隨著該放電直流電源電壓E下降。 Fig. 7 shows a conventional control device in which a change in voltage between DC terminals of a power conversion circuit is displayed when an overvoltage protection operation is performed. The horizontal axis of Fig. 7 represents the time t, and the vertical axis represents the voltage (DC power supply voltage) E between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit. In the state in which the rotating electrical machine is operated as a generator, it is disclosed in the time t1 of FIG. 7 that when the battery is unloaded, the output of the rotating electrical machine cannot be absorbed by the battery, and the output of the rotating electrical machine cannot be completely controlled. The voltage E rises. When the DC power supply voltage E reaches the overvoltage determination value EH at time t2, the drive signal is simultaneously supplied to the switching elements of all the lower branches of the power conversion circuit or the switching elements of all the upper branches, and the output of the rotating electrical machine. Was returned to zero. While the output of the rotary electric machine is zero, the smoothing capacitor connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit discharges, and the discharge DC power supply voltage E decreases.

在時刻t3中，直流電源電壓E變得比下限值EL還要低，控制電源電路12的輸出電壓為低過可以使控制器7的微處理器作動的電壓範圍的下限的話，控制器7停止動作，旋轉電機2的電樞線圈的短路被解除。經此，旋轉電機的輸出電壓轉而上升，電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓上升。在解除電樞線圈的短路時，因為誘發升壓 於電樞線圈的電壓，DC端子間的電壓表示急峻上升。一旦DC端子間的電壓上升，微處理器的電源電壓就回復。微處理器，係該電源電壓回復了之時，首先進行CPU的重置動作後，進行各部的初始化，接著直流電源電壓變得比過電壓判定值EH還要高的話，開始過電壓保護控制。但是，在時刻t3微處理器一時停止動作後，一直到再開始過電壓保護動作為止的期間是有段長時間，於此期間，於時刻t4，遺憾有DC端子間的電壓超過了破壞機器的電壓Ed。 At time t3, when the DC power supply voltage E becomes lower than the lower limit EL, and the output voltage of the control power supply circuit 12 is lower than the lower limit of the voltage range at which the microprocessor of the controller 7 can be operated, the controller 7 When the operation is stopped, the short circuit of the armature coil of the rotary electric machine 2 is released. As a result, the output voltage of the rotating electrical machine rises and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises. When the short circuit of the armature coil is released, the boost is induced The voltage between the armature coils and the voltage between the DC terminals indicates a sharp rise. Once the voltage between the DC terminals rises, the microprocessor's supply voltage returns. When the power supply voltage is restored, the microprocessor first initializes each unit after the CPU reset operation, and then starts the overvoltage protection control when the DC power supply voltage becomes higher than the overvoltage determination value EH. However, at time t3, the microprocessor stops operating for a while, and the period until the overvoltage protection operation is resumed is a long period of time. During this period, at time t4, the voltage between the DC terminals exceeds the destruction of the machine. Voltage Ed.

如上述，在利用以往的控制裝置的情況下，從電力變換電路6的DC端子間卸載直流電源3，在進行過電壓保護控制時，微處理器的電源電壓一時喪失的緣故，所以當旋轉電機的輸出電壓已轉而上升時，一直到再開始過電壓保護動作為止是有段長時間，於此期間是有電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓上升到破壞機器的電壓之虞。 As described above, when the conventional control device is used, the DC power supply 3 is unloaded from the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6, and when the overvoltage protection control is performed, the power supply voltage of the microprocessor is lost for a while, so the rotary electric machine is used. When the output voltage has risen and rises, there is a long period of time until the overvoltage protection operation is resumed. During this period, the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises to the voltage that destroys the device.

為了防止產生如上述般的不適切的情況，在本發明中，檢測出DC端子6a、6b間的電壓為過電壓判定值以上時，首先進行短路三相電樞線圈之三相短路控制後，在DC端子6a、6b間的電壓低過用以讓微處理器保持在動作狀態之必要的電壓範圍的下限值之前，解除電樞線圈之一相的短路，把電樞線圈的短路控制，切換到達成僅短路兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制。 In the present invention, when it is detected that the voltage between the DC terminals 6a and 6b is equal to or higher than the overvoltage determination value, first, after the three-phase short-circuit control of the short-circuit three-phase armature coil is performed, Before the voltage between the DC terminals 6a, 6b is lower than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for the microprocessor to maintain the operating state, the short circuit of one phase of the armature coil is released, and the short circuit of the armature coil is controlled. Switching to a two-phase short-circuit control that achieves a state in which only two phases of the armature coils are short-circuited.

用在本實施型態之控制器7的微處理器，係 從電力變換電路的DC端子間切離直流電源3，電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓，達到設定成比賦予直流電源3的兩端的電壓的容許範圍的上限的設定值還要高、比有破壞機器之虞的電壓值還要低之過電壓判定值時，開始進行用以保護連接在電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電路的構成要件之過電壓保護控制的處理。直流電源3為電池，該額定電壓為12伏特的情況下，過電壓判定值係例如設定成20伏特。 The microprocessor used in the controller 7 of this embodiment is The DC power supply 3 is cut off from the DC terminal of the power conversion circuit, and the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 is set to be higher than the set value of the upper limit of the allowable range of the voltages applied to both ends of the DC power supply 3, and the ratio is higher than When the voltage value after the destruction of the machine is lower than the overvoltage determination value, the process of protecting the overvoltage protection control for the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 is started. The DC power source 3 is a battery, and when the rated voltage is 12 volts, the overvoltage determination value is set to, for example, 20 volts.

開始該處理的話，首先利用同時把電力變換電路6的上支路之3個切換元件或是下支路之3個切換元件切成開啟狀態的方式進行切成短路旋轉電機2的三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制。接著，電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓值，當下降到比過電壓判定值還要低、直到為了確保控制器7的電源電壓所設定成必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，把短路著旋轉電機的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件之其中一個切成關閉狀態，把電樞線圈的短路控制，切換成設成僅短路兩相的電樞線圈之狀態之兩相短路控制。為了使控制器7之微處理器700作動之必要的電源電壓係例如為5伏特；為了使切換驅動電路11作動之必要的電源電壓係例如為10伏特。該情況下，上述低電壓判定值係設定成10伏特以上。 When this processing is started, first, the three-phase electric power of the short-circuit rotating electric machine 2 is cut so that the three switching elements of the upper arm of the electric power conversion circuit 6 or the three switching elements of the lower arm are simultaneously cut into an open state. Three-phase short-circuit control of the state of the pivot coil. Then, the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 falls below the overvoltage determination value until the power supply voltage of the controller 7 is set to a value equal to or higher than the lower limit value of the necessary voltage range. At the low voltage determination value, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil short-circuiting the rotating electrical machine is cut into a closed state, and the short-circuit control of the armature coil is switched to an armature that is set to short-circuit only two phases. Two-phase short-circuit control of the state of the coil. The power supply voltage necessary for the microprocessor 700 of the controller 7 to operate is, for example, 5 volts; the power supply voltage necessary for switching the drive circuit 11 is, for example, 10 volts. In this case, the low voltage determination value is set to 10 volts or more.

構成如上述的話，在旋轉電機2作為發電機運轉著的狀態下直流電源3從電力變換電路6切離，之後 電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓上升到過電壓判定值時，使三相的電樞線圈Lu至Lw短路，旋轉電機的輸出被歸零的緣故，可以防止連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間之電路的構成零件因為過電壓而被破壞。 As described above, the DC power source 3 is disconnected from the power conversion circuit 6 in a state where the rotary electric machine 2 is operated as a generator, and thereafter When the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit rises to the overvoltage determination value, the three-phase armature coils Lu to Lw are short-circuited, and the output of the rotary electric machine is reset to zero, thereby preventing connection between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit. The components of the circuit are destroyed by overvoltage.

進行如上述般的控制的話，當產生過電壓時，首先全部短路三相的電樞線圈，使旋轉電機的輸出被歸零的緣故，平滑用電容器的兩端的電壓下降，電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓下降。電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓一直下降到設定好的低電壓判定值的話，把短路中之三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件內的一個切換元件設成關閉狀態，切換成僅兩相的電樞線圈被短路的狀態，所以電樞線圈變成產生單相交流電壓的狀態。此時，在電力變換電路6的DC端子間，出現把旋轉電機所輸出的單相交流電壓做半波整流的波形的電壓。如此，從電力變換電路6切離了直流電源3時，旋轉電機之僅一相的交流電壓的半波整流輸出出現在電力變換電路的直流輸出端子間的話，因為可以和緩DC端子間的電壓上升，接著可以確實地進行DC端子間的電壓一直上升到過電壓判定值為止時的三相短路控制，可以防止連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路的構成零件被破壞。 When the above-described control is performed, when an overvoltage is generated, first, all three-phase armature coils are short-circuited, and the output of the rotary electric machine is reset to zero, and the voltage across the smoothing capacitor is lowered, and the DC of the power conversion circuit 6 is lowered. The voltage between the terminals drops. When the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is always lowered to the set low voltage determination value, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit is turned off, and only two are switched. The armature coil of the phase is short-circuited, so the armature coil becomes in a state of generating a single-phase AC voltage. At this time, a voltage of a waveform in which the single-phase AC voltage output from the rotating electrical machine is half-wave rectified appears between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6. As described above, when the DC power source 3 is disconnected from the power conversion circuit 6, the half-wave rectified output of the AC voltage of only one phase of the rotating electrical machine appears between the DC output terminals of the power conversion circuit, because the voltage between the DC terminals can be increased. Then, the three-phase short-circuit control when the voltage between the DC terminals is always raised to the overvoltage determination value can be surely performed, and the components of the circuit connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit can be prevented from being broken.

以反覆進行前述的三相短路控制與兩相短路控制的方式，因為可以把電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓，保持在為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的位準的緣故，進行過電壓保護控制的期 間，確保控制器的電源電壓，保持微處理器700在動作狀態，且可以保持切換驅動電路701在可以動作的狀態。從而，在從電力變換電路切離了直流電源的狀態下，可以防止電樞線圈的短路被解除後在電力變換電路的DC端子間出現過大的電壓，確實地進行過電壓保護動作。 By repeating the above-described three-phase short-circuit control and two-phase short-circuit control, the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit can be maintained at or above the lower limit of the voltage range necessary for securing the power supply voltage of the controller. For the sake of level, the period of overvoltage protection control In the meantime, the power supply voltage of the controller is ensured, the microprocessor 700 is kept in an operating state, and the switching drive circuit 701 can be kept in an operable state. Therefore, in a state where the DC power source is disconnected from the power conversion circuit, it is possible to prevent an excessive voltage from occurring between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit after the short circuit of the armature coil is released, and to reliably perform the overvoltage protection operation.

在過電壓保護控制中，為了把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制，把短路中的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態的時序，設定成通過欲切到關閉狀態的切換元件且流動著短路電流的期間內，因為在把一個切換元件已切到關閉狀態之際一相的短路電流被遮斷的緣故，誘發被升壓在電樞線圈的電壓，恐在電力變換電路的DC端子間產生過大的電壓。 In the overvoltage protection control, in order to switch the short circuit control of the armature coil from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short-circuit is cut to the off state. The timing is set such that the short-circuit current of one phase is blocked when a switching element is cut to a closed state by a switching element that is to be cut to a closed state, and is induced to be lifted. The voltage applied to the armature coil may cause an excessive voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit.

圖4，係表示有在把電力變換電路6之下支路的切換元件Qx、Qy及Qz同時切到開啟狀態後，短路著三相的電樞線圈Lu、Lv及Lw的過程中，從U相的電樞線圈Lu開始流動著朝向電力變換電路6側的短路電流Iu之狀態。在該狀態下，從U相的電樞線圈Lu開始流出的電流Iu為通過切換元件Qx流動到接地側後，分流到反饋二極體Dy及Dz，電流Iv通過反饋二極體Dy後流入到V相的電樞線圈Lv，同時，電流Iw通過反饋二極體Dz後流入到W相的電樞線圈Lw。 4 is a view showing a process in which the three-phase armature coils Lu, Lv, and Lw are short-circuited after the switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the branch below the power conversion circuit 6 are simultaneously turned on. The armature coil Lu of the phase starts to flow in a state of the short-circuit current Iu toward the power conversion circuit 6 side. In this state, the current Iu flowing from the U-phase armature coil Lu flows to the ground side through the switching element Qx, and is shunted to the feedback diodes Dy and Dz, and the current Iv flows through the feedback diode Dy. The V-phase armature coil Lv, at the same time, the current Iw flows through the feedback diode Dz and flows into the W-phase armature coil Lw.

在該狀態下，把流動著短路電流Iu的切換元件Qx切到關閉狀態，半波整流過的單相交流電流Iu'流到 控制電源電路側的話，在短路電流Iu被遮斷之際，誘發被升壓在電樞線圈Lu之電壓。該電壓係出現在電力變換電路6的DC端子間的緣故，在短路電流Iu的遮斷值為大的情況下，在把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制之際，在DC端子間恐產生有過大的電壓。 In this state, the switching element Qx flowing with the short-circuit current Iu is cut to the off state, and the half-wave rectified single-phase alternating current Iu' flows to When the power supply circuit side is controlled, when the short-circuit current Iu is blocked, the voltage boosted to the armature coil Lu is induced. This voltage appears between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6. When the blocking value of the short-circuit current Iu is large, the short-circuit control of the armature coil is switched from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control. At the same time, there is a fear of excessive voltage between the DC terminals.

為了防止如上述般的問題，在過電壓保護控制中，為了把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制，把短路著三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態的時序，係設定成收在反向並聯連接到欲切成關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體流動著順向電流的期間內者為佳。 In order to prevent the above problem, in the overvoltage protection control, in order to switch the short circuit control of the armature coil from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control, the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil are short-circuited. The timing of one of the cut-off states is set to be such that the feedback diode in the reverse parallel connection to the switching element to be cut into the closed state flows during the forward current.

亦即，兩相短路控制，係在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓下降到低電壓判定值時，進行把並聯連接在流動著順向電流的反饋二極體之切換元件切到關閉狀態者為佳。 That is, the two-phase short-circuit control is performed when the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit drops to the low voltage determination value, and the switching element connected in parallel to the feedback diode in which the forward current flows is cut to the off state. It is better.

圖5，係表示有在旋轉電機作為發電機運轉中的狀態下，從電力變換電路6切離直流電源3時，在把電力變換電路6之下支路的切換元件Qx、Qy及Qz同時切到開啟狀態後，短路著三相的電樞線圈Lu、Lv及Lw的過程中，從V相的電樞線圈Lv開始流動著朝向電力變換電路6側的短路電流Iv之狀態。在該狀態下，從V相的電樞線圈Lv開始流出的電流Iv為通過切換元件Qy流動到接地側後，分流到反饋二極體Dx及Dz，電流Iu通過 反饋二極體Dx後流入到U相的電樞線圈Lu，同時，電流Iw通過反饋二極體Dz後流入到W相的電樞線圈Lw。 Fig. 5 shows that when the DC motor 3 is cut off from the power conversion circuit 6 while the rotary electric machine is operating as a generator, the switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the branch below the power conversion circuit 6 are simultaneously cut. When the three-phase armature coils Lu, Lv, and Lw are short-circuited in the open state, the short-circuit current Iv flowing toward the power conversion circuit 6 is started from the V-phase armature coil Lv. In this state, the current Iv flowing from the V-phase armature coil Lv flows to the ground side through the switching element Qy, and is shunted to the feedback diodes Dx and Dz, and the current Iu passes. The feedback diode Dx flows into the U-phase armature coil Lu, and at the same time, the current Iw flows through the feedback diode Dz and flows into the W-phase armature coil Lw.

在該狀態下，把並聯連接到流動著順向電流Iu的反饋二極體Dx的切換元件Qx切到關閉狀態的話，在已把切換元件Qx切到關閉狀態之際電流沒有被遮斷的緣故，不會誘發被升壓在電樞線圈的電壓，可以切到僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈之狀態。把切換元件Qx切到關閉狀態後，變成電流Iu'從U相的電樞線圈Lu流動到電力變換電路側的話，該電流通過反饋二極體Du流動到平滑電容8側。此時施加在平滑電容器8的電壓，係如圖8所示般變成對單相交流電壓做過半波整流之電壓。 In this state, when the switching element Qx connected in parallel to the feedback diode Dx flowing with the forward current Iu is cut to the off state, the current is not blocked when the switching element Qx is turned off. The voltage boosted in the armature coil is not induced, and the state of the armature coil that has only short-circuited the two phases can be cut. When the switching element Qx is cut to the off state, the current Iu' flows from the U-phase armature coil Lu to the power conversion circuit side, and the current flows to the smoothing capacitor 8 side through the feedback diode Du. At this time, the voltage applied to the smoothing capacitor 8 becomes a voltage which is subjected to half-wave rectification of the single-phase AC voltage as shown in FIG.

如此，在本實施型態中，DC端子間的電壓已達到過電壓判定值時進行了短路三相的電樞線圈之三相短路控制後，把電樞線圈的短路控制，切換到切成僅短路兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制，從一相的電樞線圈開始，為了使控制器7作動輸出必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的電壓的緣故，在進行過電壓保護控制的期間中，維持輸出用以使控制電源電路12作動控制器7之電源電壓之狀態，可以沒有障礙地進行過電壓保護動作，因為過電壓可以確實地保護連接在電力變換電路的DC端子間的電路。 As described above, in the present embodiment, when the voltage between the DC terminals has reached the overvoltage determination value, the three-phase short-circuit control of the armature coil of the short-circuited three-phase is performed, and the short-circuit control of the armature coil is switched to the cutting only The two-phase short-circuit control of the state of the short-circuited two-phase armature coil starts from the one-phase armature coil, and the overvoltage protection is performed in order to cause the controller 7 to output a voltage equal to or higher than the lower limit value of the required voltage range. During the control period, the output is maintained to cause the control power supply circuit 12 to actuate the power supply voltage of the controller 7, and the overvoltage protection operation can be performed without any obstacle, since the overvoltage can reliably protect the DC terminal connected to the power conversion circuit. Circuit.

尚且在圖5的狀態中，理所當然可以經由把並聯連接到作為順向電流流動著短路電流Iw的反饋二極體Dw之切換元件Qz切到關閉狀態的方式，把電樞線圈 的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制。 Further, in the state of FIG. 5, it is a matter of course that the armature coil can be cut by switching the switching element Qz connected in parallel to the feedback diode Dw which is a short-circuit current Iw flowing in the forward direction to the off state. The short circuit control is switched from three-phase short-circuit control to two-phase short-circuit control.

把電樞線圈的短路控制從三相短路控制切換到兩相短路控制的時序，係可以從旋轉位置檢測器5所產生的位置檢測訊號來進行檢測。 The timing of switching the short-circuit control of the armature coil from the three-phase short-circuit control to the two-phase short-circuit control can be detected from the position detection signal generated by the rotational position detector 5.

在上述的實施型態中，在已切離直流電源3的狀態下，旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降的話，變成無法確保任一控制系統的電源，保護控制(兩相短路控制)被解除。為了防止在未意料的時機下保護控制被解除，控制器7，係旋轉電機2的旋轉速度在安全速度以下時進行使三相短路控制及兩相短路控制結束者為佳。安全速度，係旋轉電機的無負載感應電壓成為不會破壞損傷機器的電壓值之旋轉速度，例如設定成1000r/min。旋轉電機2的旋轉速度，係例如，可以從旋轉位置檢測器5所輸出的位置檢測訊號的頻率來檢測出。 In the above-described embodiment, when the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine is lowered in a state where the DC power supply 3 has been cut off, the power supply of any of the control systems cannot be ensured, and the protection control (two-phase short-circuit control) is released. In order to prevent the protection control from being released at an unexpected timing, the controller 7 preferably performs the three-phase short-circuit control and the two-phase short-circuit control when the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine 2 is equal to or lower than the safe speed. The safe speed is the rotation-free induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine, which is a rotational speed that does not damage the voltage value of the damaged machine, for example, set to 1000 r/min. The rotational speed of the rotary electric machine 2 can be detected, for example, from the frequency of the position detection signal output from the rotational position detector 5.

為了進行上述各控制，揭示於圖3之控制電壓演算手段16C，係在使旋轉電機作為馬達來作動之際，從指示轉矩與旋轉速度來求出d軸電流分量與q軸電流分量，並求出個別一致於這些電流分量之d軸驅動電壓及q軸驅動電壓。 In order to perform the above-described respective controls, the control voltage calculation means 16C disclosed in FIG. 3 obtains the d-axis current component and the q-axis current component from the command torque and the rotational speed when the rotary electric machine is operated as a motor. The d-axis driving voltage and the q-axis driving voltage which are individually matched to these current components are obtained.

第2座標變換手段16D，係把經由控制電壓演算手段16C所演算出之上述的d軸驅動電壓及q軸驅動電壓對應到旋轉位置進行座標變換，求出UVW各個相之驅動電壓(指示值)。 The second coordinate conversion means 16D performs coordinate conversion on the d-axis driving voltage and the q-axis driving voltage calculated by the control voltage calculation means 16C in accordance with the rotational position, and obtains the driving voltage (indicative value) of each phase of the UVW. .

還有，驅動模式產生手段19，係根據從第2 座標變換手段16D所給予之U相驅動電壓、V相驅動電壓及W相驅動電壓，算出UVW各個相的調節器的PWM能率，針對指示把電力變換電路6的上支路的切換元件切到開啟狀態之開啟指令訊號或是指示把下支路的切換元件切到開啟狀態之開啟指令訊號，做成以演算出的PWM能率來進行斷斷續續之波形。經此，把給予到旋轉電機2的驅動電流，對應到馬達輸出轉矩的指示值後進行PWM控制，從旋轉電機2輸出所指示的轉矩。 Further, the driving mode generating means 19 is based on the second The U-phase driving voltage, the V-phase driving voltage, and the W-phase driving voltage given by the coordinate conversion means 16D calculate the PWM energy rate of the regulator of each phase of the UVW, and cut the switching element of the upper branch of the power conversion circuit 6 to the opening. The state open command signal or the open command signal indicating that the switching element of the lower branch is cut to the open state is configured to perform a waveform with a calculated PWM energy rate. As a result, the drive current supplied to the rotary electric machine 2 is PWM-controlled in accordance with the instruction value of the motor output torque, and the instructed torque is output from the rotary electric machine 2.

還有，控制電壓演算手段16C，係在利用內燃引擎驅動旋轉電機2後作為發電機來作動之際，為了進行使經由電源電壓檢測電路所檢測出的電壓一致於充電設定電壓的控制，進行回饋控制，使得在發電電壓不足時使d軸電流變化在增磁方向，在發電電壓過剩時使d軸電流變化在減磁方向。 In addition, when the internal combustion engine drives the rotary electric machine 2 and operates as a generator, the control voltage calculation means 16C performs control for matching the voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit to the charging set voltage. The feedback control is such that when the generated voltage is insufficient, the d-axis current is changed in the magnetization direction, and when the generated voltage is excessive, the d-axis current is changed in the demagnetization direction.

驅動模式產生手段19，係利用過電壓判定手段9，當電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓判定為達到過電壓判定值時，經由同時把當值(on duty)為100%的驅動訊號給予到電力變換電路2的上支路之全部的切換元件、或是同時把當值為100%的驅動訊號給予到下支路之全部的切換元件的方式，同時把上支路之全部的切換元件或是下支路之全部的切換元件切到開啟狀態，進行切到短路了三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制後，利用電源電壓檢測電路9所檢測的電源電壓比過電壓判定值還要低、下降到設定成為了確保控制器7的電源電壓之必要的 電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，把短路著旋轉電機的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切成開啟狀態，進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制，依此，來產生電力變換電路6的切換元件的驅動模式，並根據已產生的驅動模式給予開啟指令訊號到切換驅動電路701。 The drive mode generating means 19 uses the overvoltage determining means 9 to give a drive signal having an on duty of 100% when the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 is determined to have reached the overvoltage determination value. All of the switching elements to the upper branch of the power conversion circuit 2 or the switching elements of the lower branch are simultaneously given a drive signal having a value of 100%, and all the switching elements of the upper branch are simultaneously Or the switching element of all the lower branches is cut to the open state, and after the three-phase short-circuit control in which the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited, the power supply voltage detected by the power supply voltage detecting circuit 9 is determined by the overvoltage. The value is lower, and the drop to the setting becomes necessary to ensure the power supply voltage of the controller 7. When the voltage is lower than the lower limit value of the voltage range, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil that is short-circuited to the rotating electrical machine is cut into an open state, and only two phases are short-circuited. The two-phase short-circuit control of the state of the pivot coil, in response to this, generates the drive mode of the switching element of the power conversion circuit 6, and gives an open command signal to the switching drive circuit 701 in accordance with the generated drive mode.

在本實施型態中，驅動模式產生手段19構成過電壓保護控制手段。該過電壓保護控制手段，係當利用過電壓判定手段17判定出DC端子6a、6b間的電壓為過電壓狀態時，進行同時把電力變換電路6的上支路之3個切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw或是下支路之3個切換元件Qx、Qy、Qz切到開啟狀態後進行短路了三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，當利用低電壓判定手段18判定出DC端子6a、6b間的電壓為低電壓狀態時，進行把短路中的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態後進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制，依此，來控制電力變換電路6的切換元件。 In the present embodiment, the drive mode generating means 19 constitutes an overvoltage protection control means. When the overvoltage protection means 17 determines that the voltage between the DC terminals 6a and 6b is in an overvoltage state, the overvoltage protection means 17 performs three switching elements Qu and Qv of the upper branch of the power conversion circuit 6 at the same time. , the three-switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the Qw or the lower branch are cut to the open state, and the three-phase short-circuit control of the state in which the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited is performed, and the DC terminal is determined by the low-voltage determining means 18 When the voltage between 6a and 6b is in a low voltage state, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit is cut to a closed state, and then only the armature coils of the two phases are short-circuited. The two-phase short-circuit control controls the switching elements of the power conversion circuit 6 accordingly.

如上述般，用在本實施型態之控制器7的微處理器700，係當電力變換電路6的DC端子6a、6b間的電壓值為已設定之過電壓判定值以上時，經由進行同時把電力變換電路6的上支路之3個切換元件Qu、Qv、Qw或是下支路之3個切換元件Qx、Qy、Qz切到開啟狀態的方式進行短路了三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，當電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓值比過電壓判定值還 要低、下降到已設定成為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，進行把短路中的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態後進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制，依此，實行用以控制電力變換電路的切換元件之程式。 As described above, in the microprocessor 700 of the controller 7 of the present embodiment, when the voltage value between the DC terminals 6a and 6b of the power conversion circuit 6 is equal to or greater than the set overvoltage determination value, The three-phase armature coils of the three-phase are short-circuited by cutting the three switching elements Qu, Qv, Qw of the upper branch of the power conversion circuit 6 or the three switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the lower branch to the ON state. Three-phase short-circuit control of the state, when the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 is greater than the overvoltage determination value When the low voltage determination value is set to a value equal to or greater than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary to secure the power supply voltage of the controller, three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit are performed. When one of the switches is turned off, the two-phase short-circuit control in which only the two-phase armature coils are short-circuited is performed, and accordingly, a program for controlling the switching elements of the power conversion circuit is implemented.

換言之，用在本實施型態的控制器7，係具備：當電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓值為已設定之過電壓判定值以上時判定DC端子間的電壓為過電壓狀態之過電壓判定手段17、當電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓值比過電壓判定值還要低、下降到已設定成為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時判定DC端子間的電壓為低電壓狀態之低電壓判定手段19、以及，當利用過電壓判定手段判定出DC端子間的電壓為過電壓狀態時，進行同時把電力變換電路的上支路之3個切換元件或是下支路之3個切換元件切到開啟狀態後進行短路了三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，當利用低電壓判定手段判定出DC端子間的電壓為低電壓狀態時，進行把短路中的三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態後進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制，依此，來控制電力變換電路的切換元件之過電壓保護控制手段。 In other words, the controller 7 of the present embodiment is configured to determine that the voltage between the DC terminals is an overvoltage state when the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 is equal to or greater than the set overvoltage determination value. The voltage determining means 17 causes the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 to be lower than the overvoltage determination value, and falls to a value equal to or higher than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for securing the power supply voltage of the controller. In the low voltage determination value, the low voltage determination means 19 for determining that the voltage between the DC terminals is in the low voltage state, and when the voltage between the DC terminals is determined to be in the overvoltage state by the overvoltage determination means, simultaneously performing the power conversion circuit The three switching elements of the upper branch or the three switching elements of the lower branch are cut to the open state, and the three-phase short-circuit control of the state of the three-phase armature coil is short-circuited, and the DC is determined by the low-voltage determination means. When the voltage between the terminals is in a low voltage state, one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil in the short circuit is cut to a closed state, and only the two phases are short-circuited. The two-phase short-circuit control of the state of the pivot coil, thereby controlling the over-voltage protection control means of the switching element of the power conversion circuit.

參閱圖6，揭示有當判定電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓到達過電壓判定值時，表示實行在微處 理器700的處理的演算法之流程。圖6的處理，係在把旋轉電機作為發電機運轉中的狀態下，利用過電壓判定手段17，最初進行電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓達到過電壓判定值之判定時開始。 Referring to FIG. 6, it is disclosed that when it is determined that the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 reaches the overvoltage determination value, it indicates that the implementation is in the micro place. The flow of the algorithm of the processing of the processor 700. The process of FIG. 6 is started when the voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 reaches the overvoltage determination value by the overvoltage determination means 17 in a state where the rotary electric machine is operating as a generator.

開始圖6的處理的話，首先在步驟S101，利用把驅動訊號同時給予到電力變換電路6的下支路之全部3個切換元件Qx、Qy、Qz，或是把驅動訊號同時給予到上支路之全部3個切換元件Qx、Qy、Qz的方式，進行短路三相電樞線圈之三相短路控制。 When the processing of FIG. 6 is started, first, in step S101, all of the three switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz of the lower arm of the power conversion circuit 6 are simultaneously supplied to the driving signal, or the driving signals are simultaneously applied to the upper branch. The three-phase short-circuit control of the short-circuit three-phase armature coil is performed in the manner of all three switching elements Qx, Qy, and Qz.

接著前進到步驟S102，判定DC端子6a、6b間的電壓(電源電壓)是否為低電壓判定值(在本實施型態為10伏特)以下。其結果當判定電源電壓為尚未下降到低電壓判定值時，回到步驟S101，等待電源電壓下降到低電壓判定值。 Next, the process proceeds to step S102, and it is determined whether or not the voltage (power supply voltage) between the DC terminals 6a and 6b is equal to or lower than the low voltage determination value (10 volts in the present embodiment). As a result, when it is determined that the power source voltage has not fallen to the low voltage determination value, the process returns to step S101, and waits for the power source voltage to drop to the low voltage determination value.

在步驟S102，在判定電源電壓下降到低電壓判定值時，轉移到步驟S103後，判定旋轉電機的驅動電流的電角度是否在已設定的範圍內(是否為通過並聯連接到欲切成關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體且流動著順向電流之期間)。其結果，當判定旋轉電機的驅動電流的電角度不在已設定的範圍內時，等待驅動電流的電角度進到已設定的範圍內。當在步驟S103判定驅動電流的電角度在已設定的範圍內時，亦即，判定通過並聯連接到作為使用在關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體後流動著順向電流時，轉移到步驟S104，短路著三相的電樞線圈Lu乃至 Lw之3個切換元件內，停止朝向並聯連接到流動著順向電流的反饋二極體之一個切換元件供給驅動訊號，經由把該切換元件切成關閉狀態的方式，解除一相的電樞線圈的短路，把電樞線圈的短路控制切換到兩相短路控制。 In step S102, when it is determined that the power supply voltage has dropped to the low voltage determination value, the process proceeds to step S103, and it is determined whether the electrical angle of the drive current of the rotary electric machine is within the set range (whether or not the connection is to be cut into a closed state by parallel connection). The switching element is fed back to the diode and flows during the forward current). As a result, when it is determined that the electric angle of the drive current of the rotary electric machine is not within the set range, the electric angle waiting for the drive current has entered the set range. When it is determined in step S103 that the electrical angle of the drive current is within the set range, that is, it is determined that the forward current flows after being connected in parallel to the feedback diode used as the switching element in the off state, the process proceeds to the step. S104, short-circuiting the three-phase armature coil Lu or even In the three switching elements of Lw, the driving signal is stopped to be supplied to one of the switching elements connected in parallel to the feedback diode flowing in the forward current, and the armature coil of one phase is released by cutting the switching element into the closed state. Short circuit, switch the short circuit control of the armature coil to the two-phase short-circuit control.

接著在步驟S105，判定DC端子6a、6b間的電壓(電源電壓)是否為過電壓判定值(20伏特)以上。其結果，在判定電源電壓為過電壓判定值以上的情況下，回到步驟S101，在判定電源電壓為未達過電壓判定值時轉移到步驟S106。在步驟S106，判定旋轉電機的旋轉速度是否為安全速度(1000r/min)以下，在旋轉速度超過安全速度(1000r/min)的情況下，回到步驟S105。在步驟S106判定旋轉電機的旋轉速度為安全速度(1000r/min)以下時，停止朝向電力變換電路的切換元件供給驅動訊號，使過電壓保護控制停止。 Next, in step S105, it is determined whether or not the voltage (power supply voltage) between the DC terminals 6a and 6b is an overvoltage determination value (20 volts) or more. As a result, when it is determined that the power supply voltage is equal to or higher than the overvoltage determination value, the process returns to step S101, and when it is determined that the power supply voltage is not the overvoltage determination value, the process proceeds to step S106. In step S106, it is determined whether or not the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine is equal to or lower than the safe speed (1000 r/min), and if the rotational speed exceeds the safe speed (1000 r/min), the flow returns to step S105. When it is determined in step S106 that the rotational speed of the rotary electric machine is equal to or lower than the safe speed (1000 r/min), the supply of the drive signal to the switching element of the power conversion circuit is stopped, and the overvoltage protection control is stopped.

在上述的實施型態中，從電力變換電路切離直流電源時，為了安全，使旋轉電機的旋轉速度，下降到旋轉電機的無負載感應電壓成為不會有破壞損傷連接在DC端子間的機器之虞的安全速度以下者為佳。從而，設有從電力變換電路卸載了直流電源時，進行使旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降到安全速度、或是使旋轉電機停止的控制之控制裝置者為佳。 In the above-described embodiment, when the DC power source is cut off from the power conversion circuit, the rotation speed of the rotating electrical machine is lowered to the no-load induced voltage of the rotating electrical machine to prevent damage to the device connected between the DC terminals. The safe speed thereafter is better. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a control device that controls the rotation speed of the rotating electrical machine to a safe speed or stops the rotating electrical machine when the DC power supply is unloaded from the power conversion circuit.

上述般的旋轉電機2，係如上述之實施型態般，該旋轉件安裝到內燃引擎1的曲柄軸，在啟動內燃引擎之際作為內燃引擎啟動用馬達來作動；啟動引擎後，作 為對電池充電之交流發電機來作動者為多。在該情況下，把設在內燃引擎側的內燃引擎用控制裝置(未圖示)，構成為如下述者為佳：當檢測出已從電力變換電路卸載電池時，進行使內燃引擎1的旋轉速度下降到安全速度以下、或是使內燃引擎1停止的控制。 In the above-described rotary electric machine 2, as in the above-described embodiment, the rotary member is attached to the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1, and is activated as an internal combustion engine starting motor when the internal combustion engine is started; after the engine is started, Make The alternator that charges the battery is more active. In this case, it is preferable that the internal combustion engine control device (not shown) provided on the internal combustion engine side is configured to perform internal combustion engine when it is detected that the battery has been unloaded from the power conversion circuit. The rotation speed of 1 falls below the safe speed or the control that stops the internal combustion engine 1.

使內燃引擎的旋轉速度下降的控制，係例如，當檢測出已卸載電池時可以進行使引擎的點火正時角度延後。還有，使內燃引擎停止的控制，係當檢測出卸載電池時，可以進行使內燃引擎熄火、或是停止朝向內燃引擎供給燃料、或是把供給電源到內燃引擎用控制裝置或點火裝置之繼電器的接點切到關閉(off)等等。 The control for lowering the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is, for example, to delay the ignition timing angle of the engine when detecting that the battery has been unloaded. Further, when the internal combustion engine is stopped, when the unloading battery is detected, the internal combustion engine may be turned off, the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine may be stopped, or the power supply may be supplied to the internal combustion engine control device or The contacts of the relay of the ignition device are cut to off and the like.

卸載電池的檢測，係可以在內燃引擎用控制裝置側進行，亦可以在控制旋轉電機之控制器7側進行。在控制旋轉電機的控制器7側，可以從電力變換電路6的DC端子間的電壓值達到過電壓判定值這一點檢測出已卸載電池。在把檢測出已卸載電池之檢測手段設在控制器側的情況下，利用該檢測手段檢測出已卸載電池時給予停止指令到內燃引擎用控制裝置，在該內燃引擎用控制裝置進行用以使引擎停止的處理。 The detection of the unloading battery can be performed on the side of the control unit for the internal combustion engine or on the side of the controller 7 that controls the rotating electric machine. On the side of the controller 7 that controls the rotating electrical machine, the unloaded battery can be detected from the point that the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit 6 reaches the overvoltage determination value. When the detection means for detecting the unloaded battery is provided on the controller side, when the detection means detects that the battery has been unloaded, a stop command is given to the internal combustion engine control device, and the internal combustion engine control device is used. To stop the engine.

在上述的實施型態中，利用向量控制進行旋轉電機的控制，但是本發明並不限定於利用向量控制的場合。 In the above-described embodiment, the control of the rotary electric machine is controlled by vector control, but the present invention is not limited to the case of using vector control.

在上述的實施型態中，是利用微處理器來構成揭示於圖3之各個手段，但是也是可以利用邏輯電路來 構成各個手段。 In the above embodiment, the microprocessor is used to construct the various means disclosed in FIG. 3, but it is also possible to use logic circuits. Form each means.

〔產業上的可利用性〕 [Industrial Availability]

根據本發明，在永磁式旋轉電機、與利用電池等地能量積蓄裝置所構成的直流電源之間設有電力變換電路，在控制電力變換電路成持有作為馬達的功能、與作為用以對直流電源充電的發電機的功能到旋轉電機的情況下，在從電力變換電路切離直流電源之際可以確實地防止產生過電壓的緣故，可以提高永磁式旋轉電機的可靠性，提高其利用價值。 According to the present invention, a power conversion circuit is provided between a permanent magnet rotating electrical machine and a DC power source formed of an energy storage device such as a battery, and the power conversion circuit is controlled to hold a function as a motor, and When the function of the generator for charging the DC power source is applied to the rotating electric machine, the overvoltage can be reliably prevented when the DC power supply is cut off from the power conversion circuit, and the reliability of the permanent magnet rotating electric machine can be improved and the utilization thereof can be improved. value.

1‧‧‧內燃引擎 1‧‧‧ internal combustion engine

2‧‧‧永磁式旋轉電機 2‧‧‧ Permanent magnet rotary motor

3‧‧‧直流電源 3‧‧‧DC power supply

4‧‧‧旋轉電機控制裝置 4‧‧‧Rotary motor control unit

5‧‧‧旋轉位置檢測器 5‧‧‧Rotary position detector

6‧‧‧電力變換電路 6‧‧‧Power conversion circuit

6a‧‧‧正極側DC端子 6a‧‧‧positive side DC terminal

6b‧‧‧負極側DC端子 6b‧‧‧Negative side DC terminal

6u~6w‧‧‧AC端子 6u~6w‧‧‧AC terminal

7‧‧‧控制器 7‧‧‧ Controller

7A‧‧‧CPU 7A‧‧‧CPU

7B‧‧‧ROM 7B‧‧‧ROM

7C‧‧‧RAM 7C‧‧‧RAM

7D‧‧‧輸入介面 7D‧‧‧Input interface

7E‧‧‧輸出介面 7E‧‧‧Output interface

9‧‧‧電源電壓檢測電路 9‧‧‧Power supply voltage detection circuit

10‧‧‧電流檢測電路 10‧‧‧ Current detection circuit

12‧‧‧控制電源電路 12‧‧‧Control power circuit

700‧‧‧微處理器 700‧‧‧Microprocessor

701‧‧‧切換驅動電路 701‧‧‧Switching drive circuit

Claims (6)

一種旋轉電機的控制裝置，係控制旋轉電機，該旋轉電機為具備利用永久磁鐵來構成磁場之旋轉件、以及具有三相的電樞線圈之固定件，作動為交流發電機或是馬達；其特徵為：具備有：電力變換電路，其係各支路是利用具備切換元件與被反向並聯連接到該切換元件的反饋二極體之三相全波橋式電路所構成，具有被連接到直流電源的兩端之一對DC端子與個別連接到前述電樞線圈的三相的端子之三相的AC端子，平滑用電容器，是被連接在前述電力變換電路的DC端子間，以及控制器，其係控制前述電力變換電路的切換元件，使得：設成把從前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓所得到的控制用直流電壓作為電源電壓來作動，在把前述旋轉電機作為馬達來作動之際把前述電力變換電路作為換流器來發揮功能並從前述直流電源供給電樞電流到前述旋轉電機，在把前述旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動之際把前述電力變換電路作為整流器來發揮功能並從前述電樞線圈供給充電電流到前述直流電源；前述控制器，係構成：當前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值為已設定之過電壓判定值以上時，經由進行同時把電力變換電路的上支路之3個切換元件或是下支路 之3個切換元件切到開啟狀態的方式進行短路了前述三相的電樞線圈的狀態之三相短路控制，當前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓值比前述過電壓判定值還要低、下降到已設定成為了確保控制器的電源電壓之必要的電壓範圍的下限值以上的值之低電壓判定值時，進行把短路中的前述三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態後進行僅短路了兩相的電樞線圈的狀態之兩相短路控制。 A control device for a rotating electrical machine is a rotating electric machine, which is a rotating member having a permanent magnet to form a magnetic field, and a fixing member having a three-phase armature coil, and is actuated as an alternator or a motor; There is: a power conversion circuit, wherein each branch is formed by a three-phase full-wave bridge circuit having a switching element and a feedback diode connected in reverse parallel to the switching element, having a connection to a direct current One of the two ends of the power supply is connected to the DC terminal and the three-phase AC terminal of the three-phase terminal of the armature coil, and the smoothing capacitor is connected between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit and the controller. The control unit is configured to control a switching element of the power conversion circuit such that a DC voltage for control obtained from a voltage between DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is used as a power supply voltage, and the rotating electric machine is operated as a motor. The power conversion circuit functions as an inverter and supplies an armature current from the DC power source to the rotating electrical machine. When the rotating electrical machine is operated as an alternator, the power conversion circuit functions as a rectifier and supplies a charging current from the armature coil to the DC power source. The controller is configured to be a DC terminal of the power conversion circuit. When the voltage value between the two is equal to or greater than the set overvoltage determination value, the three switching elements or the lower branch of the upper branch of the power conversion circuit are simultaneously performed. Three-phase short-circuit control in which the three-phase armature coils are short-circuited in a manner that the three switching elements are turned on, and the voltage value between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is lower than the over-voltage determination value When the voltage is lowered to a low voltage determination value that is equal to or greater than the lower limit value of the voltage range necessary for ensuring the power supply voltage of the controller, the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil that are short-circuited are performed. One of the cut-off states is followed by a two-phase short-circuit control in which only the state of the two-phase armature coil is short-circuited. 如請求項1之旋轉電機的控制裝置，其中，在進行前述兩相短路控制之際把短路著前述三相的電樞線圈之3個切換元件中的其中一個切到關閉狀態的時序，係被設定成：收在反向並聯連接到欲切成關閉狀態的切換元件之反饋二極體流動著順向電流的期間內。 The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the timing of cutting one of the three switching elements of the three-phase armature coil short-circuited when the two-phase short-circuit control is performed is performed It is set to be in a period in which the feedback diode connected to the switching element to be cut into the closed state flows in the forward direction. 如請求項1之旋轉電機的控制裝置，其中，前述兩相短路控制，係在前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓下降到低電壓判定值時，進行把並聯連接在流動著順向電流的反饋二極體之切換元件切到關閉狀態。 The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the two-phase short-circuit control performs parallel connection of a forward current flowing when a voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit drops to a low voltage determination value. The switching element of the feedback diode is switched to the off state. 如請求項1之旋轉電機的控制裝置，其中，設有控制裝置，其係在使前述旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動的狀態下，當發生前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓為過電壓判定值以上的狀態時，進行使前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降或是使該旋轉電機的旋轉速度停止之控制；前述控制器，係構成：當前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度為 已設定的安全速度以下時，使前述三相短路控制及兩相短路控制結束。 The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein a control device is provided in a state in which the rotating electric machine is operated as an alternator, and when a voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is generated as an overvoltage When the value is equal to or greater than the determination value, control is performed to lower the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine or to stop the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine; and the controller is configured to: when the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is When the set safety speed is less than or equal to the above, the three-phase short-circuit control and the two-phase short-circuit control are ended. 如請求項2之旋轉電機的控制裝置，其中，設有控制裝置，其係在使前述旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動的狀態下，當發生前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓為過電壓判定值以上的狀態時，進行使前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降或是使該旋轉電機的旋轉速度停止之控制；前述控制器，係構成：當前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度為已設定的安全速度以下時，使前述三相短路控制及兩相短路控制結束。 The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein a control device is provided which is configured to operate the rotating electric machine as an alternator, and when a voltage between the DC terminals of the power conversion circuit is generated as an overvoltage When the determination value is equal to or greater than the determination value, control is performed to lower the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine or to stop the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine; and the controller is configured to: when the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is equal to or lower than the set safe speed At this time, the three-phase short-circuit control and the two-phase short-circuit control are ended. 如請求項3之旋轉電機的控制裝置，其中，設有控制裝置，其係在使前述旋轉電機作為交流發電機來作動的狀態下，當發生前述電力變換電路的DC端子間的電壓為過電壓判定值以上的狀態時，進行使前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度下降或是使該旋轉電機的旋轉速度停止之控制；前述控制器，係構成：當前述旋轉電機的旋轉速度為已設定的安全速度以下時，使前述三相短路控制及兩相短路控制結束。 A control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein a control device is provided in a state in which said rotating electric machine is operated as an alternator, and a voltage between said DC terminals of said power conversion circuit is overvoltage When the determination value is equal to or greater than the determination value, control is performed to lower the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine or to stop the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine; and the controller is configured to: when the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine is equal to or lower than the set safe speed At this time, the three-phase short-circuit control and the two-phase short-circuit control are ended.